A checklist of the birds of Turkey

Sand grouse Supplement 1

Checklist of the birds of Turkey

A checklist of the birds of Turkey INTRODUCTION his checklist aims to provide anyone interested in Turkish ornithology with an accurate and up-to-date list of species recorded from the country cataloguing their status. It presents a comprehensive review of unpublished records in circulated reports and published literature prior to and including January 1999. Previous reviews of the Turkish avifauna are: Kumerloeve (1961, 1966, 1967, 1970), Hollom (1971), Kasparek (1990, 1992), Pasquali (1991) and Kasparek & Bilgin (1996). Understanding of the status and distribution of birds in Turkey owes much to the labours of the contributors, compilers and editors of Turkey Bird Reports (published by OST and OSME): R. F. Porter (1966-73), J. E. Squire (1966-69), A. Vittery (1966-73), M. Beaman (1970-81), R. P. Martins (1982- ) and G. M. Kirwan (1987- ). Kirwan & Martins (1994) and Kirwan (1995) also document eight species first recorded from Turkey during the period 1968-1993.

T

This review lists 453 species reliably recorded in the country, an additional 12 species compared with the most recently published comprehensive review (Kasparek 1992). Five species-Lesser Sand Plover Charadrius mongolus, Red-rumped Wheatear Oenanthe Inoesta, Citril Finch Serinus citrinella, Great Rosefinch Carpodacus rubicilla and House Bunting Emberiza striolata-apparently considered acceptable by Kasparek (1990, 1992), are here treated as unproven. These are documented with 24 other rejected species claimed from Turkey which do not appear to be adequately substantiated given the standards of record documentation currently expected. In producing this checklist we have found it helpful to adopt the approach taken to the presentation of national checklists by the user-friendly Afrotropical country lists prepared by Dowsett & Dowsett-Lemaire (1993).

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TAXONOMY AND NOMENCLATURE The document has been prepared at a time when proposed new arrangements for the taxonomic treatment of poorly differentiated allopatric taxa, based upon the Phylogenetic Species Concept, are published with increasing frequency for Palearctic birds. (By contrast, the more traditional approach to taxonomy, as expressed through the Biological Species Concept would typically treat these taxa as a single species comprising a series of 'subspecies'). The trend toward a phylogenetic approach appears set to strengthen in the near future and may come to affect the taxonomic classification of more forms (mainly passerines) which occur in Turkey. The implications of its application are perhaps best illustrated by a recent study of western Palearctic forms of Chiffchaff PhylIoscopus colIybita (Helbig et al. 1996) which proposes three clearly differentiated phylogenetic species (poorly differentiated from each other on morphological criteria alone) within what would remain single species under the more traditional approach to taxonomy. More changes are sure to come but conclusions will often merit further testing.

Status abbreviations R = resident with definite breeding records S = summer migrant (includes a small number of species which almost certainly

The implications, effects and merits of listing species defined lmder alternative species concepts together under a single format, and the adoption of anyone in preference to another for the compilation of regional or national 'Red Lists', have recently been discussed by Collar (1996) and Hazevoet (1996). Interested readers are recommended to consult these sources as some of the issues dealt with apply equally to any comprehensive list of species occurring within any selected region, country or geophysical unit.

Lower case abbreviations e.g . wv or pm denote species which are generally uncommon during the relevant season. This is a necessarily subjective categorisation which is designed merely to offer an unavoidably crude assessment of status. For example, Black-throated Loon Cavia arctica is listed as WV,s, indicating that the species is relatively common as a winter visitor but that very small numbers occasionally oversummer. Inevitably, future revision will become appropriate in some cases.

The central problem is that species described under differing species concepts are fundamentally incomparable within the strict discipline of biological systematics-they reflect different sets of assumptions about what is best labelled as a 'species'. Simple checklists of species recorded within any region or country should, in future, take account of this if current trends persist; at the least, there should be some statement of the policy or approach adopted. For the present, we feel that this debate may progress further and that no practical consensus has yet been reached or adopted. For this reason the taxonomy and nomenclature adopted here simply follows Beaman (1994) which does not reflect the adoption of any single stated species concept. Nonetheless, examples of new species arrangements based upon the application of modern ideas and techniques in taxonomy and systematics are detailed in the supplementary notes following the systematic list for e.g. Bright Green Warbler PhylIoscopus (trochiloides) nitidus, Bonelli's Warbler P. (bonelli) orientalis and Caucasian Chiffchaff P. lote71Zii. Clearly, these issues are relevant only to an extremely small proportion of the Turkish avifauna: most birds recorded from the country are taxonomic ally uncontentious being well-differentiated as species under either (or any) species concept.

WV= PM= v=

e=

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breed but for which proof is unavailable e.g. Baillon's Crake Porzana pus ilIa, and several species of waterbirds which occasionally over summer (usually in eastern Turkey) without breeding winter visitor passage migrant vagrant (all vagrants and other rarities for which a description to substantiate records is required for the Turkey Bird Report are denoted*; details should be forwarded separately to OSME, see address listed at the foot of this section, and the relevant national committee for the observer concerned) extinct in Turkey status uncertain during the relevant season

REFERENCES A reference is supplied for each species, excepting two for which there has been no alternative but to document an unpublished source (generally in litt. to the authors). The overwhelming majority-referenced from Kasparek (1992)-are denoted by X. References are supplied for some very rare vagrants for which documentation was published prior to Kasparek (1992) but in journals which are not widely available or are in languages other than English. A Bibliography details other references used principally in the preparation of the introductory notes and rejected species sections. The authors would be grateful for new information, which should be sent to Guy M. Kirwan & Rodney Martins, clo OSME, The Lodge, Sandy, Beds SG19 2DL, u.K. All contributions will be acknowledged, and contributors credited, in a future update.

An additional advantage of adopting Beaman (1994) as a standard is that it presents the most comprehensively argued attempt to select and standardise English names for the entire Palearctic avifauna (and thus all species recorded from Turkey) excepting a small number of vagrants of Afrotropical origin. FORMAT The annotated species checklist presents the total number of species recorded and the number known to have bred. The first column in the systematic list denotes status and the second details the key reference upon which inclusion is based. Numbers in parenthesis following the species name refer to the Notes on pages 15-19.

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ANNOTATED SPECIES CHECKLIST Avifauna: 453 species (304 proven to breed). Checklist date: 1996. Species

o Red-throated Loon Gavia stellata o Black-throated Loon Gavia arctica o Great Northern Loon Gavia immer* o Little Grebe Tachybaptus ruficollis o Great Crested Grebe Podiceps cristatus o Red-necked Grebe Podiceps grisegena o Horned Grebe Podiceps auritus* o Black-necked Grebe Podiceps nigricollis o Cory's Shearwater Calonectris diomedea o Mediterranean Shearwater Puffinus yelkouan o European Storm-petrel Hydrobates pelagicus* o Northern Gannet Morus bassanus o Great Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo o European Shag Phalacrocorax aristotelis o Pygmy Cormorant Phalacrocorax pygmeus o African Darter Anhinga rufa* o Great White Pelican Pelecanus onocrotalus o Dalmatian Pelican Pelecanus crispus o Great Bittern Botaurus stellm'is o Little Bittern Ixobrychus minutus o Black-crowned Night Heron Nycticorax nycticorax o Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis o Squacco Heron Ardeola ralloides o Little Egret Egretta garzetta o Great Egret Egretta alba o Grey Heron Ardea cinerea o Purple Heron Ardea purpurea o Yellow-billed Stork Mycteria ibis* o Black Stork Ciconia nigra o White Stork Ciconia ciconia o Glossy Ibis Plegadis falcinellus o Northern Bald Ibis Geronticus eremita o Eurasian Spoonbill Platalea leucorodia o Greater Flamingo Phoenicopterus ruber o Mute Swan Cygnus 0101' o Bewick's Swan Cygnus columbianus* o Whooper Swan Cygnus cygnus o Bean Goose Anser fabalis (1) o Pink-footed Goose Anser brachyrhynchus* o Greater White-fronted Goose Anser albifrons o Lesser White-fronted Goose Anser erythropus* o Greylag Goose Anser anser o Barnacle Goose Branta leucopsis* o Brent Goose Branta bernicla* o Red-breasted Goose Branta ruficollis o Egyptian Goose Alopochen aegtjptiacus* o Ruddy Shelduck Tadorna ferruginea 6

Status wv WV,s v R,WV R,WV S,wv wv R,WV s R,PM v wv,pm R,WV R R,wv e s,wv,PM R,WV R,wv S,PM S,PM S,WV,PM S,PM S,WV r,WV R,WV S,PM v S,PM,wv r,S,PM S,PM e S,wv R,WV r,WV wv wv wv v WV,PM v R,WV v v wv v R

Ref. x x x x x x x x x x 9,15 x x x x x x,12 x x x x x x x x x x 24 x, 12 x x x x x x 18 x x x x x x x x x 39 x

Kirwan et al.

o Common Shelduck Tadorna tadorna o Eurasian Wigeon Anas penelope o Falcated Duck Anas falcata* o Gadwall Anas strepera o Common Teal Anas crecca o Mallard Anas platyrhynchos o Northern Pintail Anas acuta o Garganey Anas querquedula o Northern Shovel er Anas clypeata o Marbled Duck Marmaronetta angustirostris o Red-crested Pochard Netta rufina o Common Pochard Aythya ferina o Ferruginous Duck Aythya nyroca o Tufted Duck Aythya fuligula o Greater Scaup Aythya marila o Common Eider Somateria mollissima o Long-tailed Duck Clangula hyemalis o Common Scoter Melanitta nigra o Velvet Scoter Melanitta fusca o Common Goldeneye Bucephala clangula o Smew Mergus albellus o Red-breasted Merganser Mergus sen'ator o Goosander Mergus merganser o Ruddy Duck Oxyura jamaicensis* o White-headed Duck Oxyura leucocephala o European Honey Buzzard Pernis apivorus o Crested Honey Buzzard Pernis ptilorhyncus* o Black-winged Kite Elanus caerulus* o Black Kite Milvus migrans o Red Kite Milvus milvus o White-tailed Eagle Haliaeetus albicilla o Lammergeier Gypaetus bm'batus o Egyptian Vulture Neophron percnopterus o Eurasian Griffon Vulture Gyps fulvus o Eurasian Black Vulture Aegypius monachus o Short-toed Eagle Circa et us gallicus o Western Marsh Harrier Circus aeruginosus o Hen Harrier Circus cyaneus o Pallid Harrier Circus macrourus o Montagu's Harrier Circus pygargus o Northern Goshawk Accipter gentilis o Eurasian Sparrowhawk Accipter nisus o Levant Sparrowhawk Accipter brevipes o Common Buzzard Buteo buteo o Long-legged Buzzard Buteo nifinus o Rough-legged Buzzard Buteo lagopus o Lesser Spotted Eagle Aquila pomarina o Greater Spotted Eagle Aquila clanga o Steppe Eagle Aquila nipalensis o Imperial Eagle Aquila heliaca o Golden Eagle Aquila chrysaetos Kirwan et al.


R,WV WV,s v R,WV r,WV R,WV r, WV,PM S,PM,wv r, WV,pm S,wv R,WV R,WV S,wv,pm r,WV wv v s,wv wv s,wv s,WV s,wv s,WV s,wv v R,WV S,PM v v S, PM, wv s,pm r,wv R S,pm R,s R S,PM R,PM,wv s,WV s,PM,wv S,PM R,pm R,PM,WV S,PM R,PM,WV R wv,pm s,PM wv,pm s,PM r,wv,pm R

x x 38 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x, 12 x 1 x x 29 x x x x x x x x x x x x,32 x x x x x x x x x x x x 7


Checklist of the birds of Tu rkey

o Booted Eagle Hieraaetus pel7l7atus o Bonelli's Eagle Hiemaetu s fa seiatus o Osprey Pandiol1 haliaetus o Lesser Kestrel Faleo l7aulllnnl7i o Common Kestrel Faleo tinl7l1l7eulus o Red-footed Falcon Faleo vespertinus o Merlin Faleo columbarius o Eurasian Hobby Faleo subbllteo o Eleonora's Falcon Faleo eleonome o Sooty Falcon Faleo cone%r" o Lanner Falcon Faleo biarmieus o Saker Falcon Faleo eherrug o Peregrine Falcon Fa/co peregrinus o Barbary Falcon Faleo pe/egrilloides* (2) o Black Grouse Tetmo tetrix* o Caucasian Grouse Tetrao mlokosiewiezi o Caspian Snowcock Tetmogallus caspius (3) o Chukar Aleetoris ehukar (4) o See-see Partridge Am1110perdix griseogularis o Black Francolin Fmlleo/inlls fmneolinu s o Grey Partridge Perdix perdix o Common Quail Cotumix coturnix o Common Pheasant Plwsianus eolehieus o Water Rail Rallus aquatieus o Spotted Crake Porzana porzana o Little Crake Porzana parva o Baillon's Crake Porzana pusilla o Corn Crake Crex crex o Common Moorhen Callillu/a eh/oropus o Purple Swamp-hen Porphyrio porphyrio (5) o Eurasian Coot Fuliea atm o Common Crane Crus grus o Siberian Crane Crus lelleogemllLls* o Demoiselle Crane Anthropoides virgo o Little Bustard Tetmx tetrax o Houbara Bustard ChlmlLydotis undulata* (6) o Great Bustard Otis tarda o Eurasian Oystercatcher Ha ematopus ostmlegus o Black-winged Stilt Hilllal7/opus himalltopus o Pied Avocet Recurvirostm avosetta o Crab-plover Dramas ardeo/a" o Stone-curlew Burhinus oedienemus o Cream-coloured Courser Cllrsorius cursor o Collared Pratincole Clareo/a pratineola o Black-winged Pratincole Clareola nordmanni o Little Ringed Plover Charadrius dubius o Common Ringed Plover Charadrius hiatieula o Kentish Plover Chamdriu s alexalldrimls o Greater Sand Plover Charadrius lesehennultii o Caspian Plover Charadriu s asiatieus* o Eurasian Dotterel Charadrill s morinellus 8

S,PM R s,PM S,wv R,WV s,PM WV,pm S,PM S v r r,pm R,WV v?, perhaps r e R R R R R R S,PM, wv r? R,WV s,PM s,PM s,PM s,pm R,PM,WV R R,WV R, S,PM v s, pn1, wv r or s, wv? e R,wv r,wv S,wv R v S s? S,PM s,PM S,wv PM,wv R,S,PM S,pm v PM,wv

x x x x x x x x x 27 x x x 35 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x, 14 x x x x x x x x x x, 12 x x 4 x x x x x x x x x x

Kirwal1 et al.

o American Golden Plover Pluvialis dominiea* o Pacific Golden Plover Pluvialis fulva* o European Golden Plover Pluvialis apriearia o Grey Plover Pluvialis squatarola o Spur-winged Lapwing Vanellus spinosus o Red-wattled Lapwing Vanellus indieus o Sociable Lapwing Vanellus gregarius o White-tailed Lapwing Vanellus leueurus o Northern Lapwing Vanellus vanellus o Red Knot Calidris eanutus o Sanderling Calidris alba o Little Stint Calidris minuta o Temminck's Stint Calidris temmine/cii o White-rumped Sandpiper Calidris fuseieollis* o Curlew Sandpiper Calidris ferruginea o Dunlin Calidris alpina o Broad-billed Sandpiper Limieola faleinellus o Ruff Philomaehus pugnax o Jack Snipe Lymnoeryptes minimus o Common Snipe Callinago gallinago o Great Snipe Callinago media o Eurasian Woodcock Seolopax rustieola o Black-tailed Godwit Limosa limosa o Bar-tailed Godwit Limosa lapponiea o Whimbrel NU11lenius phaeopus o Slender-billed Curlew Numenius tenuirostris* o Eurasian Curlew NU11lenius arquata o Spotted Redshank Tringa erythropus o Common Redshank Tringa totanus o Marsh Sandpiper Tringa stagllatilis o Common Greenshank Tringa nebularin o Green Sandpiper Tringa oehropus o Wood Sandpiper Tringa glareola o Terek Sandpiper Xenus einereus o Common Sandpiper Aetitis hypoleueos o Spotted Sandpiper Aetitis mantlaria* o Ruddy Turnstone Arellaria interpres o Wilson's Phalarope Steganopus tricolor* o Red-necked Phalarope Phalaropus lobatus o Red Phalarope Phalaropus fuliearia* o Pomarine J aeger Stereorarius pomarinus o Parasitic Jaeger Stereorarius parasitieus o Long-tailed Jaeger Stereorarius longieaudus o Great Skua Catharaeta s/cua* o White-eyed Gull Lants leueopthalmus* o Pallas's Gull Lants iehthyaetus o Mediterranean Gull Larus 11lelnnoeephalus o Little Gull Larus minutus o Black-headed Gull Larus ridibundus o Slender-billed Gull Larus genei o Audouin's Gull Larus audouinii Kirwan et al.

Checklist of the birds of Turkey v v WV,PM WV,PM S r? pm s R,WV pm,wv wv,pm WV,PM PM v PM WV,PM PM wV,PM wv WV,PM pm WV,PM WV,PM WV, pIn PM pm WV,PM wV,PM S, WV,PM PM wV,PM s, WV,PM s,wv,PM PM S,wv,PM v PM,wv v PM v v pm,wv v v v WV S, WV,PM WV,PM R,WV S,PM, wv S,wv?

21 20 x x x x x x x x,12 x x x 6 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x 7,26 x 5 x x x x x x 23 23 x x x x x 9


o Mew Gull Larus can us o Lesser Black-backed Gull Larus fuscus o Yellow-legged Gull Larus cachinnans (7) o Armenian Gull Larus armenicus (8) o Glaucous Gull Lants hyperboreus* o Great Black-backed Gull Larus marinus* o Black-legged Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla* o Gull-billed Tern Sterna nilotica o Caspian Tern Sterna caspia o Lesser Crested Tern Sterna bengalensis* o Sandwich Tern Sterna sandvicensis o Common Tern Sterna hirundo o Arctic Tern Sterna paradisaea* o Little Tern Sterna albifrons o Whiskered Tern Chlidonias hybridus o Black Tern Chlidonias niger o White-winged Tern Chlidonias leucoptents o Spotted Sandgrouse Pterocles senegallus* o Black-bellied Sandgrouse Pterocles orientalis o Pin-tailed Sandgrouse Pterocles alchata o Pallas's Sandgrouse Syrrhaptes paradoxus* o Rock Dove Columba livia o Stock Dove Columba oenas o Common Wood Pigeon Columba palumbus o Eurasian Collared Dove Streptopelia decaocto o European Turtle Dove Streptopelia turtur o Laughing Dove Streptopelia senegalensis o Rose-ringed Parakeet Psittacula krameri o Great Spotted Cuckoo Clamator glandarius o Common Cuckoo Cuculus canonts o Barn Owl Tyto alba o Pallid Scops Owl Otus brucei o European Scops Owl Otus scops o Eurasian Eagle Owl Bubo bubo o Brown Fish Owl Ketupa zeylonensis* o Little Owl Athene noctua o Tawny Owl Strix aluco o Long-eared Owl Asio otus o Short-eared Owl Asio flammeus o Tengmalm's Owl Aegolius funereus* o European Nightjar Caprimulgus europaeus o Common Swift Apus apus o Pallid Swift Apus pallidus o Alpine Swift Apus melba o Little Swift Apus affinis o White-throated Kingfisher Halcyon smyrnensis o Common Kingfisher Alcedo atthis o Pied Kingfisher Ceryle rudis o Blue-cheeked Bee-eater Merops persicus o European Bee-eater Merops apiaster o European Roller Coracias garrulus 10


x PM,WV x PM,wv x R,WV x R x v x v x wv x S,PM x,12 S,PM,wv 25 v x,lO r, WV,PM x S,PM x v x S,PM S,PM,wv x x s,PM x s,PM 25 v x R x R x v x R x R,PM,WV x R,WV,PM x R S,PM x x R R, probably introduced x x S x S,PM x R x r? x, 11 S,wv x R x r? x R x R x R,WV s,WV x 28 r x S,PM,wv S,PM x x S x S,PM x S R x r, WV,PM x x R x s,pm S,PM x S,PM x Kirwan et al.

o Indian Roller Coracias benghalensis* o Eurasian Hoopoe Upupa epops o Eurasian Wryneck Jynx torquilla o Grey-headed Woodpecker Picus canus o European Green Woodpecker Picus viridis o Black Woodpecker Dryocopus martius o Great Spotted Woodpecker Dendrocopus major o Syrian Woodpecker Dendrocopus syriacus o Middle Spotted Woodpecker Dendrocopus medius o White-backed Woodpecker Dendrocopus leucotos o Lesser Spotted Woodpecker Dendrocopus minor o Desert Lark Am1110manes deserti o Greater Hoopoe Lark Alaemon alaudipes* o Calandra Lark Melanocorypha calandra o Bimaculated Lark Melanocorypha bimaculata o White-winged Lark Melanocorypha leucoptera* o Black Lark Melanocorypha yeltoniensis* o Greater Short-toed Lark Calandrella brachydactyla o Lesser Short-toed Lark Calandrella rufescens (9) o Crested Lark Galerida cristata o Wood Lark Lullula arborea o Eurasian Skylark Alauda arvensis o Horned Lark Eremophila alpestris o Sand Martin Riparia riparia o Eurasian Crag Martin Hirundo rupestris o Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica o Red-rumped Swallow Hirundo daurica o Common House Martin Delichon urbica o Richard's Pipit Anthus richardi o Tawny Pipit Anthus campestris o Olive-backed Pipit Anthus hodgsoni* o Tree Pipit Anthus trivialis o Meadow Pipit Anthus pratensis o Red-throated Pipit Anthus cervinus o Water Pipit Anthus spinoletta o Yellow Wagtail Motacilla flava o Citrine Wagtail Motacilla citreola o Grey Wagtail Motacilla cinerea o White Wagtail Motacilla alba o White-spectacled Bulbul Pycnonotus xanthopygos o Bohemian Waxwing Bombycilla garrulus* o Grey Hypocolius Hypocolius ampelinus* o White-throated Dipper Cinclus cinclus o Winter Wren Troglodytes troglodytes o Dunnock Prunella modularis o Radde's Accentor Prunella ocularis o Alpine Accentor Prunella collm'is o Rufous-tailed Scrub Robin Cercotrichas galactotes o European Robin Erithacus rubecula o Thrush Nightingale Luscinia luscinia o Common Nightingale Luscinia megarhynchos Kirwan et al.


v S,PM,wv s,PM,wv R R R R R R R R r? v R S v v S,PM r, S R R R R S,PM S,PM, WV S,PM S,PM S,PM pm S,PM v S,PM s, WV,PM PM,wv R,WV S,PM S,PM R, PM, WV R, PM, WV R wv v R R R,PM,WV R R S,PM R,WV,PM PM S,PM

x x x x x x x x x x x x 34

x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x 19 x x x x x x x x x x

22 x x

x x x,37 x x

x x 11


o Bluethroat Luscinia svecica o White-throated Robin lrania gutturalis o Black Redstart Phoenicurus ochruros o Common Redstart Phoenicurus phoenicurus o Whin chat Saxicola rubetra o Common Stonechat Saxicola torquata o Isabelline Wheatear Oenanthe isabellina o Northern Wheatear Oenanthe oenanthe o Pied Wheatear Oenanthe pleschanka o Cyprus Wheatear Oenanthe cypriaca o Black-eared Wheatear Oenanthe hispanica o Desert Wheatear Oenanthe deserti o Finsch's Wheatear Oenanthe finschii o Red-tailed Wheatear Oenanthe xanthoprymna o Mourning Wheatear Oenanthe lugens* o White-crowned Wheatear Oenanthe leucopyga* o Rufous-tailed Rock Thrush Monticola saxatilis o Blue Rock Thrush Monticola solitarius o Ring Ouzel Ttl1'dus torquatus o Common Blackbird Turdus merula o Fieldfare Turdus pilm'is o Song Thrush Turdus philomelos o Redwing Turdus iliacus o Mistle Thrush Ttl1'dus viscivorus o Cetti's Warbler Cettia cetti o Zitting Cisticola Cisticola juncidis o Graceful Prinia Prinia gracilis o Common Grasshopper Warbler Locustella naevia o River Warbler Locustella fiuviatilis o Savi's Warbler Locustella luscinioides o Moustached Warbler Acrocephalus melanopogon o Aquatic Warbler Acrocephalus paludicola* o Sedge Warbler Acrocephalus schoenobaenus o Paddyfield Warbler Acrocephalus agricola o Blyth's Reed Warbler Acrocephalus dumetorum* o Marsh Warbler Acrocephalus palustris o European Reed Warbler Acrocephalus scirpaceus (10) o Great Reed Warbler Acrocephalus arundinaceus o Olivaceous Warbler Hippolais pallida (11) o Booted Warbler Hippolais caligata* (11) o Vpcher's Warbler Hippolais languida o Olive-tree Warbler Hippolais olivetorum o Icterine Warbler Hippolais icterina o Melodious Warbler Hippolais polyglotta* o Spectacled Warbler Sylvia conspicillata* o Sub alpine Warbler Sylvia cantillans o Menetries's Warbler Sylvia mystacea o Sardinian Warbler Sylvia melanocephala o Cyprus Warbler Sylvia melanothorax* o Riippell's Warbler Sylvia rueppelli o Desert Warbler Sylvia nana* 12

Sandgrouse Supplement 1 S,PM,wv S S, WV,PM S,PM S,PM R,WY S,PM S,PM s,pm pm S,PM s? S,wv S v v S,PM R S,wv,PM R,WV PM,WV R,WV,PM WV,PM R,WV,PM R R R s,PM s,PM S,PM S,WV,PM v S,PM s,pm v S,PM S,PM S,PM S,PM v (pm?) S S s,PM v v S,pm S,PM R,pm v S,pm v

x x x x x x x x x x x

31 x x x

33 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x

23 x x x x

20 x x x x x x x x

17 x x

Kirwan et al.


o Orphean Warbler Sylvia hortensis o Barred Warbler Sylvia nisoria o Lesser Whitethroat Sylvia curruca o Common Whitethroat Sylvia communis o Garden Warbler Sylvia borin o Blackcap Sylvia atricapilla o Greenish Warbler Phylloscopus trochiloides* o Bright Green Warbler Phylloscopus (trochiloides) nitidus (12) o Hume's Leaf Warbler Phylloscopus humei* o Yellow-browed Warbler Phylloscopus inornatus* o Bonelli's Warbler Phylloscopus bonelli (13) o Wood Warbler Phylloscopus sibilatrix o Chiffchaff Phylloscopus collybita o Caucasian Chiffchaff Phylloscopus lorenzii (14) o Willow Warbler Phylloscopus trochilus o Goldcrest Regulus regulus o Firecrest Regulus ignicapillus o Spotted Flycatcher Muscicapa striata o Red-breasted Flycatcher Ficedula parva o Semi-collared Flycatcher Ficedula semitorquata o Collared Flycatcher Ficedula albicollis o European Pied Flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca o Bearded Reedling Panurus biarmicus o Long-tailed Tit Aegithalos caudatus o Marsh Tit Pants palustris o Sombre Tit Pants lugubris o Coal Tit Pants ater o Blue Tit Pants caeruleus o Great Tit Pants major o Kriiper's Nuthatch Sitta krueperi o Eurasian Nuthatch Sitta europaea o Eastern Rock Nuthatch Sitta tephronota o Western Rock Nuthatch Sitta neumayer o Wallcreeper Tichodroma muraria o Eurasian Treecreeper Certhia familiaris o Short-toed Treecreeper Certhia brachydactyla o Eurasian Penduline Tit Remiz pendulinus o Eurasian Golden Oriole Oriolus oriolus o Isabelline Shrike Lanius isabellinus* (15) o Red-backed Shrike Lanius collurio o Long-tailed Shrike Lanius schach* o Lesser Grey Shrike Lanius minor o Great Grey Shrike Lanius excubitor (16) o Woodchat Shrike Lanius senator o Masked Shrike Lanius nubicus o Eurasian Jay Garrulus glandarius o Common Magpie Pica pica o Spotted Nutcracker Nucifraga caryocatactes* o Alpine Chough Pyrrhocorax graculus o Red-billed Chough Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax o Western Jackdaw Corvus monedula Kirwan et al.

S,PM S,PM S,PM S,PM S,PM S,PM,wv v S v v S,PM s,PM S,PM, WV S PM R,pm R,wv S,PM S,PM S,PM PM PM R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R,S,PM S,PM v S,PM v S,PM wv S,PM S,PM R R v R R R

x x x x x x

30 x

8 8 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x

15 x x x x x x

26,30 x x x

13


o Rook Corvus frugilegus o Carrion Crow Corvus corone corone o Hooded Crow Corvus corone pallescenslsharpii o Brown-necked Raven Corvus ruficollis* o Common Raven Corvus corax o Common Starling Sturnus vulgaris o Rose-coloured Starling Sturnus roseus o Common Myna Acridotheres tristis o House Sparrow PasseI' domesticus o Spanish Sparrow PasseI' hispaniolensis o Dead Sea Sparrow PasseI' moabiticus o Eurasian Tree Sparrow PasseI' montanus o Pale Rockfinch Carpospiza brachydactyla o Chestnut-shouldered Sparrow Petronia xanthocollis (17) o Rock Sparrow Petronia petronia o White-winged Snowfinch Montifringilla nivalis o Common Chaffinch Fringilla coelebs o Brambling Fringilla montifringilla o Red-fronted Serin Serinus pusillus o European Serin Serinus serinus o European Greenfinch Carduelis chloris o European Goldfinch Carduelis carduelis o Eurasian Siskin Carduelis spinus o Common Linnet Carduelis cannabina o Twite Carduelis flavirostris o Common Redpoll Carduelis flammea* o Common Crossbill Loxia curvil'ostra o Crimson-winged Finch Rhodopechys sanguinea o Desert Finch Rhodospiza obsoleta o Mongolian Finch Bucanetes mongolicus o Trumpeter Finch Bucanetes githagineus o Common Rosefinch Carpodacus erythrinus o Eurasian Bullfinch Pyrrhula pyrrhuZa o Hawfinch Coccothraustes coccothraustes o Snow Bunting Plectrophenax nivalis* o Pine Bunting Emberiza Zeucocephalos* o Yellowhammer Emberiza citrinella o Cirl Bunting Emberiza cirlus o Rock Bunting Emberiza cia o Cinereous Bunting Emberiza cineracea o Ortolan Bunting Emberiza hortulana o Grey-necked Bunting Emberiza buchanani o Cretzschmar's Bunting Emberiza caesia o Rustic Bunting Emberiza rustica* o Little Bunting Emberiza pusilla* o Common Reed Bunting Emberiza schoeniclus o Red-headed Bunting Emberiza bruniceps* o Black-headed Bunting Emberiza melancocephala o Corn Bunting Miliaria calandra 14



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