(Acari: Oribatida: Haplozetidae) from southern Vietnam

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A new species of Protoribates (Acari: Oribatida: Haplozetidae) from southern Vietnam a

Sergey G. Ermilov & Alexander E. Anichkin

b c

a

Laboratory of Entomology, Center of Independent Examinations–NN, Gagarin 97, 603107, Nizhniy Novgorod, Russia b

Joint Russian–Vietnamese Research and Technological Center, Southern Branch, Dstr. 10, Street 3/2, 3, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam c

A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lenin 33, 119071, Moscow, Russia Available online: 16 Dec 2011

To cite this article: Sergey G. Ermilov & Alexander E. Anichkin (2011): A new species of Protoribates (Acari: Oribatida: Haplozetidae) from southern Vietnam, International Journal of Acarology, 37:sup1, 244-251 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01647954.2011.558852

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International Journal of Acarology Vol. 37, Suppl. 1, 244–251

Downloaded by [Sergey Ermilov] at 01:16 16 December 2011

A NEW SPECIES OF PROTORIBATES (ACARI: ORIBATIDA: HAPLOZETIDAE) FROM SOUTHERN VIETNAM

Sergey G. Ermilov1 and Alexander E. Anichkin2,3 1. Laboratory of Entomology, Center of Independent Examinations–NN, Gagarin 97, 603107 Nizhniy Novgorod, Russia (e-mail: [email protected]); 2. Joint Russian–Vietnamese Research and Technological Center, Southern Branch, Dstr. 10, Street 3/2, 3, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; 3. A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lenin 33, 119071Moscow, Russia (e-mail: [email protected]) (Received 7 September 2010; accepted 23 January 2011)

ABSTRACT – Protoribates heterodactylus n. sp. is proposed and described. This species was collected in sandy soil of Dipterocarp forest from Cat Tien National Park (southern Vietnam). The new species is similar in body size, morphology of sensilli, long adanal setae ad 1 , ad 2 , and bidactylous legs only to Protoribates luteus (Hammer, M. 1979. Investigations on the oribatid fauna of Java. Det Kgl. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Biol. Skrifter. 22(9): 1–72.) from Java Island, but differs from that species by thick rostral, lamellar and epimeral (3b, 4a) setae. Key words – Oribatid mite, Haplozetidae, Protoribates, new species, Cat Tien National Park, Vietnam. INTRODUCTION Protoribates (Acari: Oribatida: Haplozetidae) is a large genus that was proposed by Berlese (1908) with Oribata dentata Berlese, 1883, as type species. Currently, the genus comprises 60 species and 3 subspecies (Subías, 2004) that collectively have a cosmopolitan distribution. So far, five species of Protoribates have been reported from Vietnam (Subías, 2004; Vu, 2007): Protoribates capucinus Berlese, 1908; Protoribates dentatus (Berlese, 1883); Protoribates gracilis (Aoki, 1982); Protoribates lophothrichus (Berlese, 1904); and Protoribates maximus (Mahunka, 1988). In the course of studies of oribatid mite fauna of Cat Tien National Park (southern Vietnam), we have found two species of the genus Protoribates: first, Protoribates paracapucinus (Mahunka, 1988a) – a new record for Vietnam; second, a new species that is described below. Earlier we have presented briefly a history of researches of oribatid mites in Vietnam and the

ISSN 0164-7954 print/ISSN 1945-3892 online © 2011 Taylor & Francis; printed 21 December 2011 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01647954.2011.558852 http://www.tandfonline.com

geographical and floristic descriptions of Cat Tien National Park (Ermilov and Anichkin, 2010).

MATERIALS AND METHODS Collection localities and habitats of the new species are characterized in the “Material examined” section. Specimens were mounted in lactic acid and examined in temporary cavity slides for the duration of the study. All body measurements are presented in micrometers. Body length was measured in lateral view, from the tip of the rostrum to the posterior edge of the ventral plate, to avoid discrepancies caused by different degrees of notogastral distension. Notogastral width refers to the maximum width in dorsal aspect. Length of body setae was measured in lateral aspect. Specimens are stored in 70% alcohol in tubes. Formulae for leg setation are given according to the sequence trochanter–femur–genu–tibia–tarsus (famulus included). Formulae for leg solenidia are

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given (in brackets) according to the sequence genu– tibia–tarsus. DESCRIPTION OF SPECIES Protoribates heterodactylus n. sp. (Figs. 1–19)

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182–249; dorsal and ventral surfaces of body with very small, weakly developed sparse light foveolae; rostrum square, roundly protruding in dorsal view; rostral setae 61–69, thick, curved distally, barbed; lamellar setae 86–94, thick, curved distally, smooth; interlamellar setae 57–65, setiform, straight, barbed; sensilli 90–98, setiform, thickened, with 20–25 cilia on its outer margin; 10 pairs of small (4), thin, smooth notogastral setae; 4 pairs of circular areae porosae (Aa little larger than others); adanal setae ad 1 and ad 2 long (32–36); epimeral setae 3b and 4a thick, with cilia; all tarsi with two claws: one claw longer and thicker than other.


Diagnosis – Character states of Protoribates as summarized by Weigmann et al. (1993). New species is recognized by the size of body, 381–431 ×

Internat. J. Acarol.

Figs. 1, 2. Protoribates heterodactylus n. sp. – 1. dorsal view (first paratype); 2. ventral view, legs removed (second paratype). Scale bar 100 μm.

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Figs. 3–7. Protoribates heterodactylus n. sp. – 3. lateral view of prodorsum; 4. rostral seta; 5. lamellar seta; 6. interlamellar seta; 7. sensillus. Scale bar (3) 100 μm, (4–7) 20 μm.


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Figs. 8–12. Protoribates heterodactylus n. sp. – 8. Genital plate, right; 9. Anal plate, right; 10. Ovipositor; 11. Epimeral seta 1b; 12. Epimeral seta 4a. Scale bar (8, 9, 11, 12) 20 μm, (10) 50 μm.


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Figs. 13–15. Protoribates heterodactylus n. sp. – 13. subcapitulum; 14. palp; 15. chelicera. Scale bar 20 μm. Measurements – Body length 398 (holotype), 381–431 (mean 398, 7 paratypes); body width 199 (holotype), 182–249 (mean 207, 7 paratypes). Description – Integument – Body yellow-brown to dark-brown. Dorsal and ventral surfaces of body

with very small, weakly developed sparse light foveolae (clearly visible in dissected specimens). Prodorsum (Figs. 1, 3–7) – Rostrum square, roundly protruding in dorsal view. Lamellae located dorsolaterally, approximately as half of prodorsum.


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Figs. 16–19. Protoribates heterodactylus n. sp. – 16. leg I, without trochanter, left, antiaxial view; 17. leg II, without trochanter, left, antiaxial view; 18. leg III, left, antiaxial view; 19. leg IV, left, antiaxial view; Ti, Ge – tibiae, genua, accordingly. Scale bar 50 μm.


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Lateral parts of prodorsum with short tutorium. Indistinct one pair of sublamellar areae porosae (Al) present. Rostral setae 61–69, thick, curved distally, barbed. Lamellar setae 86–94, also thick and curved distally, as rostral setae, but smooth. Interlamellar setae 57–65, setiform, straight, barbed. Exobothridial setae 10–12, thin, smooth. Sensilli 90–98, setiform, thickened, with 20–25 cilia on its outer margin. Notogaster (Fig. 1) – Ten pairs of small (4), thin, smooth notogastral setae. Four pairs of circular areae porosae: Aa 8, A1 6, A2 4–6, A3 2–4. Opisthosomal gland opening (gla) and lyrifissures ia, im, ip, ih, ips developed in typical arrangement for genus. Anogenital region (Figs. 2, 8–10) – Five pairs of genital setae (g1 –g5 ) setiform: anterior two pairs longer (12–16), well barbed; posterior three pairs (8– 10) hardly barbed. Aggenital setae (ag) short (8) setiform, hardly barbed. Two pairs of anal setae (an1 , an2 ) and adanal setae ad 3 (all 14–16) setiform, slightly barbed. Adanal setae ad 1 and ad 2 32–36, straight, barbed. Ovipositor elongate, narrow (159 × 28); length of lobes 69, length of cylindrical distal part (bDp) 90. Each lobe with four setae: ψ 1 ≈ τ 1 (28) longer than ψ 2 ≈ τ a ≈ τ b ≈ τ c (16). Coronal setae (k) absent. Epimeral region (Figs. 2,11–12)– Apodemes 1, 2, sejugal and 3 well developed. Epimeral setal formula 31-3-3; setae 3c and 4c visible only in lateral view. Setae 3b and 4a longest (41–45), thick, with cilia; setae 1b shorter (28–32) setiform, barbed; others setae short (8– 14), setiform, slightly barbed. Gnathosoma (Figs.13–15) – Subcapitulum longer than wide: 85–89 × 65–69. Hypostomal setae a, m, h setiform: h longest (36–45), with long cilia; a (20) hardly barbed; m (16) thin, barbed. Two pairs of adoral setae (16–20), setiform, with long cilia. Palp (length 61–65) with setation 0-2-1-3-9 (+1ω). Palpal eupathidium and solenidion attached in double horn. Most setae well barbed. Chelicera (length 135–143) with few blunt teeth on fixed and movable digits. Cheliceral

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setae long, setiform, barbed: cha (53–57) longer than chb (28–32). Legs (Figs. 16–19) – All tarsi with two claws. One claw longer and thicker than other, and with small tubercle ventrobasally. Tibiae II with hillocklike structure ventrally. Femora large, with ventral keel. Formulae of leg setation and solenidia: I (1-5-3-4-20) [1-2-2], II (1-5-3-4-15) [1-1-2], III (2-3-1-3-15) [1-1-0], IV (1-2-2-3-12) [0-1-0]; homology of setae and solenidia indicated in Table 1. Most setae setiform, barbed (except p); some posterior setae on genua, tibiae, and tarsi of legs I, II thick (Figs. 5, 5). Famulus short, straight, blunt-ended. Tibia I with dorsal apophysis, bearing single solenidion ϕ1 . Solenidia ω1 on tarsi I, ω1 and ω2 on tarsi II thick, rod-shaped; other solenidia setiform. Material examined – Holotype and seven paratypes were obtained from Asian region, southern Vietnam, 11◦ 26 N, 107◦ 26 E, Cat Tien National Park, 137 m above sea level, in sandy soil from Dipterocarp forest, February–March 2009, collected by A.E. Anichkin. Type deposition – The holotype is deposited in the collection of the Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia; five paratypes are deposited in the collection of the Siberian Zoological Museum, Novosibirsk, Russia; two paratypes are in the personal collection of the first author. Etymology – The specific name “heterodactylus” refers to the different shape of the leg claws. Distribution – At present, this species is only known from Cat Tien National Park of southern Vietnam. Remarks – In having the combination of body size, setiform sensilli, long adanal setae ad 1 , ad 2 , and bidactylous legs Protoribates heterodactylus n. sp. is similar only to Protoribates luteus (Hammer, 1979) from Java Island, but it differs from P. luteus by thick

Table 1. Leg setation and solenidia of Protoribates heterodactylus n. sp. Leg

Trochanter

Femur

Genu

Tibia

I

v

d, (l), bv , v

(l), v , σ

(l), (v), ϕ1 , ϕ2

II

v

d, l1 , l2 , bv , v

(l), v , σ

(l), (v), ϕ

III

l , v

IV

v

d, l , ev

l , σ

l , (v), ϕ

d, ev

d, l

l , (v), ϕ

Tarsus (ft), (tc), (it), (p), (u), (a), s, (pv), v , (pl), l , e, ω1 , ω2 (ft), (tc), (it), (p), (u), (a), s, (pv), ω1 , ω2 (ft), (tc), (it), (p), (u), (a), s, (pv) ft , (tc), (p), (u), (a), s, (pv)

Note: Roman letters refer to normal setae, Greek letters refer to solenidia, e – famulus. One apostrophe ( ) marks setae on anterior and double apostrophe ( ) setae on posterior side of the given leg segment. Parentheses refer to a pair of setae.


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rostral, lamellar, and epimeral (3b, 4a) setae (all these setae not thick in P. luteus). The new species differs from all other species of Protoribates (P. capucinus, P. dentatus, P. gracilis, P. lophothrichus, P. maximus, P. paracapucinus) found in Vietnam in having thick rostral, lamellar, and epimeral (3b, 4a) setae (not thick in other Vietnamese species). The new species also in addition differs from the Vietnamese species by following selective characters (data for other species from Aoki, 1982;Mahunka,1988a, b; Weigmann et al., 1993; Miko et al., 1994; Bayartogtokh and Akrami, 2000; Weigmann, 2006): length of body 381–431 (against 470–555 in P. dentatus; 340 in P. gracilis; 520–565 in P. lophothrichus; 836–979 in P. maximus; 337–384 in P. paracapucinus), setiform sensilli (against dilated sensilli in P. capucinus, P. dentatus, P. gracilis, P. maximus, P. paracapucinus), long interlamellar setae (shorter in P. capucinus and P. paracapucinus), long adanal setae ad 1 , ad 2 (against short in P. capucinus; ad 1 long and ad 2 short in P. dentatus and P. maximus), and bidactylous legs (against monodactylous legs in P. capucinus, P. gracilis, P. lophothrichus, P. paracapucinus; tridactylous legs in P. maximus; mono- and heterodactylous in P. dentatus).

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We gratefully acknowledge Prof. Dr. Roy A. Norton (State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY, USA), Edit Horváth (Hungarian National History Museum, Hungary), and Kerstin Franke (Senckenberg Museum für Naturkunde Görlitz, Germany) for help with collecting literature. We thank the staff of Cat Tien National Park for their support during the fieldwork. REFERENCES Aoki, J. 1982. New species of oribatid mites from the southern island of Japan. Bull. Inst. Sci. Tech. Yokohama Nat. Univ. 8: 173–188.

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Bayartogtokh, B. and A. Akrami. 2000. Poronotic oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida: Poronota) from Iran. J. Acarol. Soc. Jpn. 9(2): 159–172. Berlese, A. 1883. Acari, Myriapoda et Scorpiones hucusque in Italia reperta. Portici, Padova. 3–9. Berlese, A. 1904. Acari nuovi. Manipulus III. Redia 2: 10–32. Berlese, A. 1908. Elenco di generi e specie nuovi di Acari. Redia 5: 1–15. Ermilov, S. G. and A. E. Anichkin. 2010. Three new species of Galumnidae (Acari: Oribatida) from Cat Tien National Park, southern Vietnam. Zootaxa 2681: 20–34. Hammer, M. 1979. Investigations on the oribatid fauna of Java. Det Kgl. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Biol. Skrifter. 22(9): 1–72. Mahunka, S. 1988a. A survey of the oribatid fauna (Acari) of Vietnam, II. Acta Zool. Hung. 34(2–3): 215–246. Mahunka, S. 1988b. New and interesting mites from the Geneva Museum LXI. Oribatids from Sabah (East Malaysia) III (Acari: Oribatida). Revue Suisse Zool. 95(3): 817–888. Miko, L., G. Weigmann, and R. Nannelli. 1994. Redescription of Protoribates lophotrichus (Berlese, 1904) (Acarina, Oribatida). Redia 77(2): 251–258. Subías, L. S. 2004. Listado sistemático, sinonímico y biogeográfico de los ácaros oribátidos (Acariformes: Oribatida) del mundo (excepto fósiles). Graellsia 60 (número extraordinario): 3–305. Online version actualized in July 2010, 557 pp.; Available from: http:// www.ucm.es/info/zoo/Artropodos/Catalogo.pdf. Vu, Q. M. 2007. Fauna of Vietnam, 21, Oribatida. H. Science and Techniques Publishing House, Hanoi, 355 pp (in Vietnamese). Weigmann, G. 2006. Hornmilben (Oribatida). Die Tierwelt Deutschlands. Bd. 76. Goecke & Evers, Keltern. 520 s. Weigmann, G., L. Miko, and R. Nannelli. 1993. Redescription of Protoribates dentatus (Berlese, 1883) with remarks about the genus Protoribates (Acarina, Oribatida). Redia 76(1): 39–55.