Jan 15, 1989 ... SPECIAL OPERATIONS AIRCRAFT ... SYNTHETIC FLIGHT TRAINING ...... spall
liners in the troop compartments, enhanced applique armor,.
*
:^1
nm
M
■ii^'
r V
■ar.-*.
\ , t
lljl^lpl yp'-^-l
ll
■ TPSr.T^!.
0M
'J ■jl.' EtK'l l^iW^
pis),i;'iff*"’
DEPARTM ENT OF THE A R M Y W A S H IN G T O N , D .C . 2 03 1 0
Ja n u a ry 15, 1989
To the Reader: T he A rm y has m ade great strides in its equipm ent posture in this decade. M any o f the systems show n in this h an d b o o k such as the A b ram s ta n k and B radley F ighting Vehicle started pro d u ctio n in the early 1980s, have been fielded in sizeable num bers, and are now undergoing p ro d u ct im provem ent pro g ram s to keep them responsive to an evolving th reat. O ur n a tio n ’s w arfighting capability has been significantly enhanced by a host o f such m a jo r system s th a t have been introduced into the force across all m ission areas. O ther system s p o rtray ed are at an earlier stage in the Research, D evelopm ent and A cquisition cycle. M odernization is a continuous process. A chieving qualitatively superior equipm ent is crucial in offsetting the num erical superiority o f Soviet forces, and allowing our soldiers to m eet any challenge w orldw ide. In the R esearch and D evelopm ent section, which leads o ff this h andbook, we describe how the A rm y is focusing, in a cost effective m anner, on those em erging technologies which show the greatest potential for enhancing our future w arfighting capability. Follow ing the R esearch and D evelopm ent section, the w eapons systems and other equipm ent show n are categorized by specific A rm y m ission areas as follows: Close C om bat; A ir Defense; Fire S upport; C om bat Support; C om bat Service Support; C om m and, C ontrol and C om m unications; Soldier S u p p o rt; and Strategic D efense. W e hope this h a n d b o o k depicts our efforts to m aintain a well trained, well equipped force, capable o f fulfilling its role as A m erica’s strategic land force, as well as reflect the pride we take in ou r entire A rm y.
D O N A L D S. P IH L L ieutenant G eneral, GS M ilitary D eputy to A SA (R D A )
J. R. SCULLEY A ssistant Secretary o f the A rm y (Research, D evelopm ent, and A cquisition)
ForFor salesale by the Superintendent of Documents U SU.S. Pn Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402 by the Superintendent of Documents,
« .« u s
Pri..,.g Offi..,
D.C. 20402
CONTENTS PAGE
SUBJECT RESEA RCH AND D EV ELO PM EN T
M ISSIO N A R E A S C L O SE C O M B A T
T E C H N O L O G Y B A S E ......................................................................................................................................................... 2 L H X .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 7 SEN SE A N D D ESTR O Y A R M O R (S A D A R M ).......................................................................................................... 9 G R O U N D BA SED A N T I-SA T E L L IT E S Y S T E M ...................................................................................................... 11
A B R A M S T A N K ..................................................................................................................................................................... 15 BR A D LEY F IG H T IN G V E H IC L E .................................................................................................................................. 17 M113A3 A R M O R E D PE R SO N N E L C A R R IE R .......................................................................................................... 19 A H -64 A P A C H E ..................................................................................................................................................................... 21 H E L L F IR E M O D U L A R M ISSILE S Y S T E M .............................................................................................................. 23 A R M Y H E L IC O P T E R IM P R O V E M E N T PR O G R A M (A H IP )........................................................................... 25 T O W M ISSILE S Y S T E M ....................................................................................................................................................27 A D V A N C E D A N TITA N K W E A P O N SY STEM -M EDIUM (A A W S -M )............................................................ 29 A D V A N C ED A N TITA N K W E A P O N SYSTEM -HEAVY (A A W S -H ).............................................................. 31 L IG H T W E IG H T M U L T IPU R PO SE W E A P O N (A T -4 )...........................................................................................33 120MM M O R T A R .................................................................................................................................................................35 SQ U A D A U T O M A T IC W E A P O N ( S A W ) ...................................................................................................................37 M16A2 R I F L E ......................................................................................................................................................................... 39 9M M PE R SO N A L D EFEN SE W E A P O N .....................................................................................................................41 MK 19-3 40M M A U T O M A TIC G R EN A D E L A U N C H E R .................................................................................... 43 120MM TA N K A M M U N IT IO N ........................................................................................................................................ 45
A IR D E FE N S E
P A T R IO T .................................................................................................................................................................................. 49 H A W K ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 51 C H A P A R R A L ......................................................................................................................................................................... 53 FO R W A R D A R E A A IR D EFEN SE SYSTEM (F A A D S )........................................................................................ 55 S T IN G E R .................................................................................................................................................................................. 57
F IR E S U P P O R T
P E R S H IN G I I ..........................................................................................................................................................................61 M U L T IP L E L A U N C H R O CK ET SYSTEM ( M L R S ) ............................................................................................... 63 A R M Y T A C T IC A L M ISSILE SYSTEM (A T A C M S )............................................................................................... 65 M l09 155MM SE L F-P R O P E L L E D H O W IT Z E R ........................................................................................................67 M l 19 105MM H O W IT Z E R ................................................................................................................................................. 69 F IR E F IN D E R R A D A R S ......................................................................................................................................................71
111
CO M BAT SU PPO R T
M -9 A R M O R E D C O M B A T E A R T H M O V E R .............................................................................................................75 M88A1 M E D IU M R E C O V ER Y V E H IC L E ................................................................................................................... 77 M IN E C L E A R IN G L IN E C H A R G E (M IC L IC )...........................................................................................................79 M U L T IP L E D E LIV ER Y M IN E SYSTEM (V O L C A N O ).........................................................................................81 JO IN T SU R V E IL L A N C E A N D T A R G E T A T TA C K R A D A R SYSTEM (JO IN T S T A R S )........................................................................................................................83 O V -ID (M O H A W K ) SU R V E IL L A N C E S Y S T E M ...................................................................................................... 85 Q U IC K F I X ...............................................................................................................................................................................87 Q U IC K L O O K .......................................................................................................................................................................... 89 G U A R D R A I L .......................................................................................................................................................................... 91 BLACK H A W K ........................................................................................................................................................................ 93 CH -47 M O D E R N IZ A T IO N ................................................................................................................................................95 S P E C IA L O P E R A T IO N S A IR C R A F T ( S O A ) .............................................................................................................97 SY N T H E T IC F L IG H T T R A IN IN G S Y S T E M S ...........................................................................................................99 N IG H T V ISIO N A N D E L E C T R O -O P T IC S ............................................................................................................... 101 BIN A RY C H E M IC A L M U N IT IO N S ............................................................................................................................103 IM P R O V E D N U C L E A R P R O J E C T IL E S ................................................................................................................... 105 N U C L E A R , C H E M IC A L A N D B IO L O G IC A L D E F E N S E ................................................................................ 107 SM OKE A N D O B SC U R A N T S......................................................................................................................................... 109
CO M BAT SERVICE SUPPO RT
H IG H M O B ILITY M U L T IP U R P O S E W H E E L E D V E H IC L E (H M M W V )................................................... 113 SM A LL U N IT SU P P O R T V E H IC L E (S U S V ).......................................................................................................... 115 REV ER SE OSM OSIS W A TE R P U R IF IC A T IO N U N IT (R O W PU ) .................................................................117 D E PL O Y A B L E M E D IC A L SYSTEMS (D E P M E D S )............................................................................................. 119
C O M M A N D , CONTROL A N D CO M M UNIC ATIO NS
A RM Y D A TA D ISTR IB U TIO N SYSTEM ( A D D S ) ............................................................................................... 123 A D V A N C E D FIE L D A R TILLER Y T A C T IC A L D A TA SYSTEM (A F A T D S ).............................................125 JO IN T T A C T IC A L C O M M U N IC A TIO N S P R O G R A M .......................................................................................127 M O B ILE SU BSCRIBER E Q U IPM E N T (MSE) ........................................................................................................ 129 A L L SO U R C E A N ALY SIS SYSTEM (A S A S ).......................................................................................................... 131 SIN G LE C H A N N E L G R O U N D A N D A IR B O R N E R A D IO SYSTEM (SIN C G A R S)............................... 133 SA T E L L IT E C O M M U N IC A TIO N S P R O G R A M S ................................................................................................. 135 N A V STA R G LO BA L P O SIT IO N IN G SYSTEM ( G P S ) ......................................................................................... 137 F O R W A R D A R E A A IR D EFEN SE CO M M A N D , C O N T R O L A N D IN T E L L IG E N C E (FA A D C 2 ) ............................................................................................. 139 M A N EU V ER C O N TR O L SYSTEM (MCS) .............................................................................................................. 141
SO LDIER SU PPO R T
SO L D IE R SU P P O R T ITEM S ........................................................................................................................................ ..
STRATEG IC CONFLICT
US A R M Y STR A TE G IC D EFEN SE C O M M A N D ................................................................................................. 149
IV
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
TECHNOLOGY BASE T he w eapon system s capabilities presented in this h an d b o o k benefitted from past investm ents in the A rm y technology base. Ju st as they were shaped by previous investm ent decisions and technological progress over the last tw o decades, to d a y ’s vision o f the future battlefield, our resu ltan t investm ent strategy and technology base plan and program will shape our A rm y o f the future. O ur vision is one o f a well trained, well equipped and ready A rm y, to d ay and to m o rro w , capable o f executing its role as A m erica’s strategic land force, anyw here in the w orld, anytim e. T o d a y ’s A irL and B attle D octrine contains specific objectives for the conduct o f sim ultaneous operations over the full b read th and d ep th o f the battlefield. A ccom plishm ent o f these objectives requires the w arfighting m eans to defeat the im-Q-cD flmiAtVD BfiTTlE enem y in each area. Systems m ust possess superior technology to: D estroy the enem y force ...COMOUCT SIM ULTANEO US in close operations; d e la y /d isru p t follow -on forces th rough deep operations; and conduct O P M A T lO N S OVER T H E FU*-*&READTM O epTrt OF TH E . B A TTte p iE L O rear area operations to retain freedom o f action for sustainm ent and movem ent o f our reserves. A rm y w arfighting concepts continue to evolve and include the A irL and Battle Future concept fo r 15 years into the fu tu re and A rm y 21 which spans o ut to 30 years into the future. Some battlefield tren d forecasts w ith definite technological im plications include: E xpanded close operations area; shortened tim elines for com bat execution; accelerated tem po o f operations; sim ultaneous deep an d close operations; and defensive force capabilities to choose the tim e and place o f engagem ent. T o achieve ou r vision o f the fu tu re we m ust continue to m odernize. This requires integration o f new concepts, designs, training and technologies with new equipm ent. To guide I R E A t t PPM S I this m odernization we have initiated functional area m odernization plans th at link •FReeOOM OP ACTION requirem ents to developm ent, acquisition, fielding and sustainm ent over tim e within fiscal co nstraints. T he first tw o such plans are the A rm y A viation M odernization P lan and the H eavy Force M odernization P lan. These m o d ern izatio n plans define the basic w eapon system tim efram es and characteristics needed to defeat the threat. The A rm y T echnology Base M aster P la n contains the technological underpinning for these m odernization plans and provides top dow n guidance to the technology base com m unity to: •
E nsure the A rm y ’s technology base program supports the A rm y’s m ost critical w arfighting capability needs.
•
B alance the technology base across several dim ensions: (1) (2 ) (3)
near-, m id-, and far-term needs; technology “ p u sh ” vs requirem ents “ p u ll;” and p roper balance betw een w eapon systems and other requirem ents to sustain the A rm y on the m odern battlefield.
•
Distribute technology base resources in four areas: systems o f the future, supporting capabilities, solutions to systemic issues, and emerging technologies.
•
Seize and retain the technological initiative th ro u g h such endeavors as Com petitive Strategies, Balanced Technology Initiatives (BTI), and sound technology forecasts.
•
Increase retu rn on investm ent by leveraging the research and developm ent efforts being conducted outside the A rm y.
•
Speed the fielding o f advanced technology th rough a focused set o f A dvanced Technology T ransition D em onstrations (A TTD s).
•
R estore A rm y technology base program and plan stability, thereby im proving product quality, efficiency, and responsiveness to the user.
•
P rovide to p -d o w n guidance to all A rm y organizations and create an atm osphere which will allow them sufficient responsibility, a u th o rity , and flexibility to seize th e science a n d technology initiative and pursue the m ost prom ising, innovative opportunities.
T he p a y -o ff fro m a sound technology base is illustrated by its co n trib u tio n to L H X system characteristics as show n in Figure 1. F orecasted benefits o f key technology e ffo rts in su p p o rt o f the H eavy Force M odernization P lan are show n in Figures 2 and 3 for the Block III T a n k a n d A dvanced Field A rtillery System (A FA S), respectively. ajocK«
LHX ^ ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY COWTmBUTION
AWWCeJTHHCLOOYOOKTTajnON
AD V AN C ED TCCHW OiOQIES APPUED • Ad» f w d flotm D*«lgn • Ady ncnoVED.IiOOUUWAf«IOR • cncwscEnBXiccoFncM4Tos
« In PaylcMd/QW Ratio* • Ughtm Design Oro«a Walght
M in io n F u rt R e q u M
• EXTCfMM.BUVCN8KW • MWAHCtOTfttCK • MUtTTHTAHOCTACOUHm gaim
unsmoRjuKw svsraivouM liowspfowFTMonaePOWCT l£S8HATTlfnElDDAYPUCL REDUCTIONMTW«KAfOa LOHQERTIUCICm
Figure 2
Figure 1
AFAS DESCRtPVON • A0MMCED PROPULflKM