advanced antitank weapon systems

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Jan 15, 1989 ... SPECIAL OPERATIONS AIRCRAFT ... SYNTHETIC FLIGHT TRAINING ...... spall liners in the troop compartments, enhanced applique armor,.
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DEPARTM ENT OF THE A R M Y W A S H IN G T O N , D .C . 2 03 1 0

Ja n u a ry 15, 1989

To the Reader: T he A rm y has m ade great strides in its equipm ent posture in this decade. M any o f the systems show n in this h an d b o o k such as the A b ram s ta n k and B radley F ighting Vehicle started pro d u ctio n in the early 1980s, have been fielded in sizeable num bers, and are now undergoing p ro d u ct im provem ent pro g ram s to keep them responsive to an evolving th reat. O ur n a tio n ’s w arfighting capability has been significantly enhanced by a host o f such m a jo r system s th a t have been introduced into the force across all m ission areas. O ther system s p o rtray ed are at an earlier stage in the Research, D evelopm ent and A cquisition cycle. M odernization is a continuous process. A chieving qualitatively superior equipm ent is crucial in offsetting the num erical superiority o f Soviet forces, and allowing our soldiers to m eet any challenge w orldw ide. In the R esearch and D evelopm ent section, which leads o ff this h andbook, we describe how the A rm y is focusing, in a cost effective m anner, on those em erging technologies which show the greatest potential for enhancing our future w arfighting capability. Follow ing the R esearch and D evelopm ent section, the w eapons systems and other equipm ent show n are categorized by specific A rm y m ission areas as follows: Close C om bat; A ir Defense; Fire S upport; C om bat Support; C om bat Service Support; C om m and, C ontrol and C om m unications; Soldier S u p p o rt; and Strategic D efense. W e hope this h a n d b o o k depicts our efforts to m aintain a well trained, well equipped force, capable o f fulfilling its role as A m erica’s strategic land force, as well as reflect the pride we take in ou r entire A rm y.

D O N A L D S. P IH L L ieutenant G eneral, GS M ilitary D eputy to A SA (R D A )

J. R. SCULLEY A ssistant Secretary o f the A rm y (Research, D evelopm ent, and A cquisition)

ForFor salesale by the Superintendent of Documents U SU.S. Pn Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402 by the Superintendent of Documents,

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D.C. 20402

CONTENTS PAGE

SUBJECT RESEA RCH AND D EV ELO PM EN T

M ISSIO N A R E A S C L O SE C O M B A T

T E C H N O L O G Y B A S E ......................................................................................................................................................... 2 L H X .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 7 SEN SE A N D D ESTR O Y A R M O R (S A D A R M ).......................................................................................................... 9 G R O U N D BA SED A N T I-SA T E L L IT E S Y S T E M ...................................................................................................... 11

A B R A M S T A N K ..................................................................................................................................................................... 15 BR A D LEY F IG H T IN G V E H IC L E .................................................................................................................................. 17 M113A3 A R M O R E D PE R SO N N E L C A R R IE R .......................................................................................................... 19 A H -64 A P A C H E ..................................................................................................................................................................... 21 H E L L F IR E M O D U L A R M ISSILE S Y S T E M .............................................................................................................. 23 A R M Y H E L IC O P T E R IM P R O V E M E N T PR O G R A M (A H IP )........................................................................... 25 T O W M ISSILE S Y S T E M ....................................................................................................................................................27 A D V A N C E D A N TITA N K W E A P O N SY STEM -M EDIUM (A A W S -M )............................................................ 29 A D V A N C ED A N TITA N K W E A P O N SYSTEM -HEAVY (A A W S -H ).............................................................. 31 L IG H T W E IG H T M U L T IPU R PO SE W E A P O N (A T -4 )...........................................................................................33 120MM M O R T A R .................................................................................................................................................................35 SQ U A D A U T O M A T IC W E A P O N ( S A W ) ...................................................................................................................37 M16A2 R I F L E ......................................................................................................................................................................... 39 9M M PE R SO N A L D EFEN SE W E A P O N .....................................................................................................................41 MK 19-3 40M M A U T O M A TIC G R EN A D E L A U N C H E R .................................................................................... 43 120MM TA N K A M M U N IT IO N ........................................................................................................................................ 45

A IR D E FE N S E

P A T R IO T .................................................................................................................................................................................. 49 H A W K ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 51 C H A P A R R A L ......................................................................................................................................................................... 53 FO R W A R D A R E A A IR D EFEN SE SYSTEM (F A A D S )........................................................................................ 55 S T IN G E R .................................................................................................................................................................................. 57

F IR E S U P P O R T

P E R S H IN G I I ..........................................................................................................................................................................61 M U L T IP L E L A U N C H R O CK ET SYSTEM ( M L R S ) ............................................................................................... 63 A R M Y T A C T IC A L M ISSILE SYSTEM (A T A C M S )............................................................................................... 65 M l09 155MM SE L F-P R O P E L L E D H O W IT Z E R ........................................................................................................67 M l 19 105MM H O W IT Z E R ................................................................................................................................................. 69 F IR E F IN D E R R A D A R S ......................................................................................................................................................71

111

CO M BAT SU PPO R T

M -9 A R M O R E D C O M B A T E A R T H M O V E R .............................................................................................................75 M88A1 M E D IU M R E C O V ER Y V E H IC L E ................................................................................................................... 77 M IN E C L E A R IN G L IN E C H A R G E (M IC L IC )...........................................................................................................79 M U L T IP L E D E LIV ER Y M IN E SYSTEM (V O L C A N O ).........................................................................................81 JO IN T SU R V E IL L A N C E A N D T A R G E T A T TA C K R A D A R SYSTEM (JO IN T S T A R S )........................................................................................................................83 O V -ID (M O H A W K ) SU R V E IL L A N C E S Y S T E M ...................................................................................................... 85 Q U IC K F I X ...............................................................................................................................................................................87 Q U IC K L O O K .......................................................................................................................................................................... 89 G U A R D R A I L .......................................................................................................................................................................... 91 BLACK H A W K ........................................................................................................................................................................ 93 CH -47 M O D E R N IZ A T IO N ................................................................................................................................................95 S P E C IA L O P E R A T IO N S A IR C R A F T ( S O A ) .............................................................................................................97 SY N T H E T IC F L IG H T T R A IN IN G S Y S T E M S ...........................................................................................................99 N IG H T V ISIO N A N D E L E C T R O -O P T IC S ............................................................................................................... 101 BIN A RY C H E M IC A L M U N IT IO N S ............................................................................................................................103 IM P R O V E D N U C L E A R P R O J E C T IL E S ................................................................................................................... 105 N U C L E A R , C H E M IC A L A N D B IO L O G IC A L D E F E N S E ................................................................................ 107 SM OKE A N D O B SC U R A N T S......................................................................................................................................... 109

CO M BAT SERVICE SUPPO RT

H IG H M O B ILITY M U L T IP U R P O S E W H E E L E D V E H IC L E (H M M W V )................................................... 113 SM A LL U N IT SU P P O R T V E H IC L E (S U S V ).......................................................................................................... 115 REV ER SE OSM OSIS W A TE R P U R IF IC A T IO N U N IT (R O W PU ) .................................................................117 D E PL O Y A B L E M E D IC A L SYSTEMS (D E P M E D S )............................................................................................. 119

C O M M A N D , CONTROL A N D CO M M UNIC ATIO NS

A RM Y D A TA D ISTR IB U TIO N SYSTEM ( A D D S ) ............................................................................................... 123 A D V A N C E D FIE L D A R TILLER Y T A C T IC A L D A TA SYSTEM (A F A T D S ).............................................125 JO IN T T A C T IC A L C O M M U N IC A TIO N S P R O G R A M .......................................................................................127 M O B ILE SU BSCRIBER E Q U IPM E N T (MSE) ........................................................................................................ 129 A L L SO U R C E A N ALY SIS SYSTEM (A S A S ).......................................................................................................... 131 SIN G LE C H A N N E L G R O U N D A N D A IR B O R N E R A D IO SYSTEM (SIN C G A R S)............................... 133 SA T E L L IT E C O M M U N IC A TIO N S P R O G R A M S ................................................................................................. 135 N A V STA R G LO BA L P O SIT IO N IN G SYSTEM ( G P S ) ......................................................................................... 137 F O R W A R D A R E A A IR D EFEN SE CO M M A N D , C O N T R O L A N D IN T E L L IG E N C E (FA A D C 2 ) ............................................................................................. 139 M A N EU V ER C O N TR O L SYSTEM (MCS) .............................................................................................................. 141

SO LDIER SU PPO R T

SO L D IE R SU P P O R T ITEM S ........................................................................................................................................ ..

STRATEG IC CONFLICT

US A R M Y STR A TE G IC D EFEN SE C O M M A N D ................................................................................................. 149

IV

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

TECHNOLOGY BASE T he w eapon system s capabilities presented in this h an d b o o k benefitted from past investm ents in the A rm y technology base. Ju st as they were shaped by previous investm ent decisions and technological progress over the last tw o decades, to d a y ’s vision o f the future battlefield, our resu ltan t investm ent strategy and technology base plan and program will shape our A rm y o f the future. O ur vision is one o f a well trained, well equipped and ready A rm y, to d ay and to m o rro w , capable o f executing its role as A m erica’s strategic land force, anyw here in the w orld, anytim e. T o d a y ’s A irL and B attle D octrine contains specific objectives for the conduct o f sim ultaneous operations over the full b read th and d ep th o f the battlefield. A ccom plishm ent o f these objectives requires the w arfighting m eans to defeat the im-Q-cD flmiAtVD BfiTTlE enem y in each area. Systems m ust possess superior technology to: D estroy the enem y force ...COMOUCT SIM ULTANEO US in close operations; d e la y /d isru p t follow -on forces th rough deep operations; and conduct O P M A T lO N S OVER T H E FU*-*&READTM O epTrt OF TH E . B A TTte p iE L O rear area operations to retain freedom o f action for sustainm ent and movem ent o f our reserves. A rm y w arfighting concepts continue to evolve and include the A irL and Battle Future concept fo r 15 years into the fu tu re and A rm y 21 which spans o ut to 30 years into the future. Some battlefield tren d forecasts w ith definite technological im plications include: E xpanded close operations area; shortened tim elines for com bat execution; accelerated tem po o f operations; sim ultaneous deep an d close operations; and defensive force capabilities to choose the tim e and place o f engagem ent. T o achieve ou r vision o f the fu tu re we m ust continue to m odernize. This requires integration o f new concepts, designs, training and technologies with new equipm ent. To guide I R E A t t PPM S I this m odernization we have initiated functional area m odernization plans th at link •FReeOOM OP ACTION requirem ents to developm ent, acquisition, fielding and sustainm ent over tim e within fiscal co nstraints. T he first tw o such plans are the A rm y A viation M odernization P lan and the H eavy Force M odernization P lan. These m o d ern izatio n plans define the basic w eapon system tim efram es and characteristics needed to defeat the threat. The A rm y T echnology Base M aster P la n contains the technological underpinning for these m odernization plans and provides top dow n guidance to the technology base com m unity to: •

E nsure the A rm y ’s technology base program supports the A rm y’s m ost critical w arfighting capability needs.



B alance the technology base across several dim ensions: (1) (2 ) (3)

near-, m id-, and far-term needs; technology “ p u sh ” vs requirem ents “ p u ll;” and p roper balance betw een w eapon systems and other requirem ents to sustain the A rm y on the m odern battlefield.



Distribute technology base resources in four areas: systems o f the future, supporting capabilities, solutions to systemic issues, and emerging technologies.



Seize and retain the technological initiative th ro u g h such endeavors as Com petitive Strategies, Balanced Technology Initiatives (BTI), and sound technology forecasts.



Increase retu rn on investm ent by leveraging the research and developm ent efforts being conducted outside the A rm y.



Speed the fielding o f advanced technology th rough a focused set o f A dvanced Technology T ransition D em onstrations (A TTD s).



R estore A rm y technology base program and plan stability, thereby im proving product quality, efficiency, and responsiveness to the user.



P rovide to p -d o w n guidance to all A rm y organizations and create an atm osphere which will allow them sufficient responsibility, a u th o rity , and flexibility to seize th e science a n d technology initiative and pursue the m ost prom ising, innovative opportunities.

T he p a y -o ff fro m a sound technology base is illustrated by its co n trib u tio n to L H X system characteristics as show n in Figure 1. F orecasted benefits o f key technology e ffo rts in su p p o rt o f the H eavy Force M odernization P lan are show n in Figures 2 and 3 for the Block III T a n k a n d A dvanced Field A rtillery System (A FA S), respectively. ajocK«

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