An Nawawi's Forty Hadith. 2. Hadith 24: ... ﻲِﺳْﻔَﻧ ﯽَﻟَﻋ َمْﻟﱡظﻟا ُتْﻣﱠرَﺣ ﻲﱢﻧِإ:يِدﺎَﺑِﻋ ﺎَﯾ. Thursday
14th March 2013. Lecture by Sister Eman al Obaid.
An Nawawi’s Forty Hadith
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An Nawawi’s Forty Hadith
Hadith 24: ...
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Thursday 14th March 2013 Lecture by Sister Eman al Obaid www.alhudasisters.wordpress.com
Divine Hadith Hadith al Nabawi – Hadith 1 to 23 Hadith al Qudsi – Hadith 24 onwards Hadith al Qudsi is everything Prophet Muhammad sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam narrated about Allah subhana wa ta'ala.
We have three sources; The Quran – Allah’s Attributes Hadith al Qudsi – Prophet Muhammad sallallahu ‘alayhi wa sallam reports a statement and he refers it directly to Allah subhana wa ta'ala. Hadith Nabawi – one of the Companions reports the Prophet’s statements, deeds, or things that happened in his presence and he approved of. Differences between the Qur’an and the Hadith Qur’an When you read the Qur’an you get the reward.
Hadith al Qudsi When you read Hadith al Qudsi you will get not receive any reward. There is no such challenge regarding the hadith.
In the Quran Allah subhana wa ta'ala challenges the human and jinn to bring something like it they can’t. Allah subhana wa ta'ala guarantees the Qur’an is preserved.
Hadith al Qudsi are: sahih, or hasan, of a lesser degree, weak, or dhaif, fabricated. With the Hadith al Qudsi you can just read the translation.
When you read the Qur’an as it was revealed (Arabic), you are rewarded. Someone in a state of janaba, impure they cannot recite the Qur’an.
Hadith al Qudsi can be read in a state of janaba.
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An Nawawi’s Forty Hadith What did Allah subhana wa ta'ala say? O My servants! I have forbidden dhulm (oppression) for Myself, and I have made it forbidden amongst you, so do not oppress one another. O My servants, all of you are astray except those whom I have guided, so seek guidance from Me and I shall guide you. O My servants, all of of you are hungry except those whom I have fed, so seek food from Me and I shall feed you. O My servants, all of you are naked except those whom I have clothed, so seek clothing from Me and I shall clothe you. O My servants, you commit sins by day and by night, and I forgive all sins, so seek forgiveness from Me and I shall forgive you. O My servants, you will not attain harming Me so as to harm Me, and you will not attain benefiting Me so as to benefit Me. O My servants, if the first of you and the last of you, and the humans of you and the jinn of you, were all as pious as the most pious heart of any individual amongst you, then this would not increase My Kingdom an iota. O My servants, if the first of you and the last of you, and the humans of you and the jinn of you, were all as wicked as the most wicked heart of any individual amongst you, then this would not decrease My Kingdom an iota. O My servants, if the first of you and the last of you, and the humans of you and the jinn of you, were all to stand together in one place and ask of Me, and I were to give everyone what he requested, then that would not decrease what I Possess, except what is decreased of the ocean when a needle is dipped into it. O My servants, it is but your deeds that I account for you, and then recompense you for. So he who finds good, let him praise Allah, and he who finds other than that, let him blame no one but himself. It was related by Muslim. O My servants! I have forbidden dhulm (oppression) for Myself, and I have made it forbidden amongst you, so do not oppress one another.
O My servants! Ya – Allah is calling Ibadi - His servant
2 types of ibadAllah Uboodiyyah Khasa – Intentionally a Slave of Allah As you learn more about Allah subhana wa ta'ala, you learn about His Perfection and your faults. Your relationship with Allah subhana wa ta'ala will be more like that of a Servant of Allah. You will see Allah subhana wa ta'ala’s Perfection and how weak and poor and in need of Allah subhana wa ta'ala you are. General Uboodiyyah – Everyone is a Slave of Allah by force. You will feel that you are doing everything yourself, you feel self-sufficient, but by force you are a Slave of Allah by the decree of Allah subhana wa ta'ala. Your creation, every detail in your life, when you will die, is all by force. On the Day of Judgment everyone will realize they are a Slave of Allah.
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An Nawawi’s Forty Hadith Chapter (19) sūrat maryam (Mary)
19:93 There is no one in the heavens and earth but that he comes to the Most Merciful as a servant.
19:94 He has enumerated them and counted them a [full] counting. Your test is to realize you are a Slave of Allah. If you did not realize it, this will be a personal choice. A person who realizes they are a Slave of Allah in the dunya they will be so happy on the Day of Judgment. Those during their life did not feel that they were a Slave of Allah, the Day of Judgment will be a difficult situation for them. Allah subhana wa ta'ala will make them to feel the slavery; They will be chained The angels will take them They will be accountable They don’t have a choice. Your test is to realize you are a Slave of Allah then you will benefit. Ya ibadi – ‘My slave’ - this is for you, you will feel the closeness and honor of being a Slave of Allah. Allah subhana wa ta'ala is drawing Himself closer to the people. Also this is gentle advice from your Creator. The Hadith al Qudsi have a greater effect on people. What is the command from Allah subhana wa ta'ala?
I have forbidden dhulm (oppression) for Myself Allah subhana wa ta'ala is saying this. We need to fill our hearts with the love of Allah subhana wa ta'ala. Everyone needs to do everything for Allah subhana wa ta'ala, even sacrifice themselves for Allah subhana wa ta'ala. Before Allah subhana wa ta'ala commands you to do something He is telling you about Himself; ‘Verily I forbade oppression upon Myself’ Meaning Allah subhana wa ta'ala will never, never oppress any of His Servants – ‘I have made it forbidden on Myself’. Can anyone make anything forbidden on Allah subhana wa ta'ala? No, except if Allah subhana wa ta'ala made something forbidden on Himself. Allah huwa al Malik, He doesn’t need to forbid, He can do whatever He wills. But to make us realize how much Allah subhana wa ta'ala is so Merciful, Allah subhana wa ta'ala will talk to us in a way to understand and to do something. Return to Allah subhana wa ta'ala Though Allah subhana wa ta'ala is able to do everything. Allah subhana wa ta'ala is able to put all of creation into Hellfire, He will not be unjust and He has forbidden this from Himself. Allah subhana wa ta'ala always deals with His creation with gentleness, with guidance, with mercy, with compassion, love 4
An Nawawi’s Forty Hadith and forbearing. This is for one reason, to make everyone return to Allah subhana wa ta'ala. Allah subhana wa ta'ala brings angels, Messengers, divine books, the whole Universe, just for you, to be scared of Allah subhana wa ta'ala, not to associate with Allah subhana wa ta'ala. Allah subhana wa ta'ala made the zulm forbidden on Himself. Justice Chapter (18) sūrat l-kahf (The Cave) And your Lord does injustice to no one. Allah subhana wa ta'ala deals with the wicked ones with justice, and the good ones with fadl, Allah subhana wa ta'ala will give you more. This will make you love Allah subhana wa ta'ala. Allah subhana wa ta'ala can forbid anything for Himself and one thing He forbids is the ‘zulm’. The opposite is that no one can oblige Allah subhana wa ta'ala to do anything unless He obliges Himself. Mercy Chapter (6) sūrat l-anʿām (The Cattle) 6:12 He has decreed upon Himself mercy. Allah subhana wa ta'ala obliged Himself with mercy. Look at who you are, this is for you. Chapter (18) sūrat l-kahf (The Cave) 18:49 And your Lord does injustice to no one. Allah subhana wa ta'ala has mercy which encompasses everything, reaches everywhere but we are doing zulm, wronging ourselves. Allah subhana wa ta'ala – only He can forbid things from Himself Allah subhana wa ta'ala – only He can enjoy and command from Himself Allah subhana wa ta'ala commanded ‘rahma’ for Himself and forbade oppression for Himself. There are many ayat’s in the Qur’an where Allah subhana wa ta'ala forbids zulm for Himself. Free Allah subhana wa ta'ala of all imperfections Chapter (41) sūrat fuṣṣilat (Explained in Detail)
41:46 And your Lord is not ever unjust to [His] servants. Sometimes when something seems bad it does not mean there is zulm, Allah subhana wa ta'ala will never be unjust. If people are in Hellfire it does not mean Allah subhana wa ta'ala is unjust to them. If you see poverty or difficulties in life it does not mean that Allah subhana wa ta'ala is unjust. You need to say ‘SubhanAllah’, free Allah subhana wa ta'ala from all imperfections. Allah is Praiseworthy. Hikmah When people don’t know about Allah subhana wa ta'ala, when they don’t know what He said about Himself, they can easily exceed their boundaries. We cannot say something is haram unless Allah subhana wa ta'ala says it is haram. We cannot say something is zulm, who said it is zulm? Behind everything that happens in the Universe there is a hikmah. So for you, you don’t worry about anybody else. Why do people waste their energy? – because they worry about ‘he is like this, she is like that’ etc. Just worry about yourself because you are afraid of thinking bad about Allah subhana wa ta'ala. 5
An Nawawi’s Forty Hadith Everyone will be paid for what they did. Allah subhana wa ta'ala will account everyone separately. Don’t judge anyone – this brings problems and is such a waste. Chapter (40) sūrat ghāfir (The Forgiver God) 40:31 And Allah wants no injustice for [His] servants. Zulm oppression– what is the opposite of zulm? Adil – firmness / justice. Za la ma = decreasing. Something should be full but you are decreasing it. Zulm also means not putting something in their proper place. For example not being good to people is zulm – not putting something in it’s rights place. The Universe Everything you see in the Universe, everything Allah subhana wa ta'ala creates, there is NO zulm in it, everything is in its proper place. There is no zulm for what Allah subhana wa ta'ala creates for you – this is justice, in its proper place. The Legislation Everything Allah subhana wa ta'ala sent with legislations and rules – Halal and Haram, do and don’t do – there is no zulm in it. The legislation from Allah subhana wa ta'ala suits all people, different kinds of people. You cannot say ‘how can these people do that or this or it is too hot to pray or to fast’. There is no zulm in Allah subhana wa ta'ala’s legislation. Zulm is far away from Allah subhana wa ta'ala, everything Allah subhana wa ta'ala creates for His creation is in its exact place. You cannot argue about anything in Allah subhana wa ta'ala creation, and in the decree of Allah subhana wa ta'ala there is no zulm. And everything that Allah subhana wa ta'ala legislates, there is no zulm in it. Everything you see in this Universe is just – out of Allah subhana wa ta'ala’s fadl and generosity. But when you look around why is there so much injustice? Because of the people. Everything Allah subhana wa ta'ala brings is so pure and there is no wrong in it. That’s how Allah subhana wa ta'ala brings the religion. It is the zulm of the people spoiling the harmony of the Universe. So Allah subhana wa ta'ala is telling us about Himself.
and I have made it forbidden amongst you, Allah subhana wa ta'ala forbade zulm from Himself, so what about us? Allah subhana wa ta'ala advises us very gently.
جع تهAllah subhana wa ta'ala ‘made it’, the zulm between you
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- Haram – you as a person, do not be unjust in this Universe because Allah subhana wa ta'ala made the whole 6
An Nawawi’s Forty Hadith Universe with justice. When you oppress somebody you are spoiling the Universe. Chapter (55) sūrat l-raḥmān (The Most Gracious)
55:7 And the heaven He raised and imposed the balance
55:8 That you not transgress within the balance.
55:9 And establish weight in justice and do not make deficient the balance. Allah subhana wa ta'ala created everything with justice – the number of ants on the Earth, the percentage of oxygen - every minute detail is with justice with balance. Then in this hadith Allah subhana wa ta'ala mentions ‘you’ – you don’t exceed your boundaries, you don’t make zulm. Deal with everything with justice. In life you want to deal with the good, you want everything to happen smoothly and to be in harmony – you need to be just. Zulm creates disturbance and destruction. Allah subhana wa ta'ala ’s Kingdom is created with justice. Allah subhana wa ta'ala made the zulm ‘haram’ – abstain from it, don’t do zulm. There is some reason for it being forbidden. Allah subhana wa ta'ala made everything in the universe with ‘adil’ – why? In order to make you to do the best in your job. What is your job? – to worship Allah subhana wa ta'ala. How will you do ibadahAllah if everything is upside down? Justice is for your own benefit. This is a command. When there is zulm in the house or in society it will disturb your ‘reasoning’, your mind will be occupied with it. When everyone is fulfilling their rights everything goes smoothly so we can do our best and achieve what Allah subhana wa ta'ala wants from us.
so do not oppress one another Now Allah subhana wa ta'ala directly forbids you – don’t wrong each other in any form. There are different forms of zulm. Oppression can be stealing, causing chaos etc. the zulm is ‘not putting things in their place. If we limit the zulm, limit it’s forms and types we don’t know we are doing it. Zulm has different forms. What does zulm include? 2 zulms: Zulm al Nafs – The worst zulm is to your self Zulm al Nas – zulm to the people. 7
An Nawawi’s Forty Hadith To understand zulm we need to know how one can oppress themselves, be zulm to themselves which is haram. Zulm al Nafs How can somebody be zulm to themselves? SHIRK By committing shirk Chapter (31) sūrat luq'mān
31:13 Indeed, association [with him] is great injustice." Allah subhana wa ta'ala created you, provides for you, gave to you different favour’s, different blessings and; you want the favour’s from others, you want the reward from others, or you give the credit to yourself or somebody else. When I turn or flee to someone rather than Allah subhana wa ta'ala – this is shirk. Shirk is zulm for whom? Shirk is zulm for yourself. You deprive yourself of a good life in the dunya and hereafter. If someone does shirk they are wronging themselves, nobody is oppressing Allah subhana wa ta'ala, Allah subhana wa ta'ala is the Most Rich. In life if you doing something for yourself i.e. not for Allah subhana wa ta'ala, to get the praise, there is more pressure. When you do something for Allah subhana wa ta'ala there is no pressure because Allah subhana wa ta'ala will not put pressure on you. We put pressure on ourselves because we want to achieve some level or submit something, or people have certain expectations of you, or you want to gain some sort position in life. This is what causes stress. But Allah subhana wa ta'ala will appreciate one letter, one ayah you read. You are the one making your life miserable with the stress. Anything not for the Sake of Allah subhana wa ta'ala, misery comes with it. Any relationship not based on La illaaha illa Allah it will be misery because you have so many expectations – you want something. When you do everything for Allah subhana wa ta'ala this is the freedom because Allah subhana wa ta'ala appreciates everything. Committing ‘shirk’ is as if you are following a mirage – you don’t know what you are doing so you are stressed and at the end of the day it is a mirage. Chapter (55) sūrat l-raḥmān (The Most Gracious)
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An Nawawi’s Forty Hadith 55:27 And there will remain the Face of your Lord, Owner of Majesty and Honor. Everything will perish and die except the deeds you will do for Allah subhana wa ta'ala – the Owner of the Honor and the Majesty. Allah subhana wa ta'ala will honor you, He will give you the best. Zulm al nafs is with the shirk. Thinking of someone other than Allah subhana wa ta'ala will make you miserable in the life. Hadith: If someone is attached to somebody other than Allah subhana wa ta'ala, he will be tested and afflicted with that thing’ If your heart is filled with something, the misery will come from that particular thing. If you attachment is with the money or people etc, your misery is from this. If you didn’t repent, you deprive yourself from Paradise. Only the pure go to paradise. Allah subhana wa ta'ala will not forgive the shirk if you didn’t repent in the dunya. It is not fair that you go to Paradise when Allah subhana wa ta'ala gave you everything and you were attached to other than Allah subhana wa ta'ala. Shirk is making zulm to yourself. Allah subhana wa ta'ala said ‘I am the most Richest partner. If anybody associates a partner with Me, I leave them with their shirk.’ AL MA’SIY – THE SINS This is any sin except the shirk, this is committing what is haram. When you do the haram you harm yourself, you do zulm to yourself. You will destroy yourself in the dunya and in the akhirah. The greater the sins the more miserable you will be – your body is disturbed i.e. feeling sad and you don’t know why, you don’t why problems happen. So repent. When you have a problem, repent. Don’t give excuses, don’t blame anyone except yourself – this is because of my sins so I need to ask Allah subhana wa ta'ala for forgiveness. When you feel sad for example this is a sign from Allah subhana wa ta'ala to repent to Allah subhana wa ta'ala. The whole of creation celebrates when a sinner dies. We see the faults of other people as huge as a mountain and we see our own faults as small as a fly. The advice from Allah subhana wa ta'ala is don’t commit zulm on yourself with the SHIRK or with the SINS. Zulm al Nas Zulm of the people. Someone oppressing others, how? By not giving others their rights. The husband not giving rights to the wife, the wife will not give the rights to husband, same with parents / children, leaders / people. Don’t worry about what people are giving you, you will NOT be questioned for other peoples actions. Don’t make zulm to other people. 9
An Nawawi’s Forty Hadith Rights of People Take a moment to think and write down what is your duty? If married your duty to your husband, or your children Your neighbor’s, your sisters, the muslimeen, your cat But we only think about ‘What people need to do for me’ ! – My children need to respect me. Before you want this from your children you need to ask yourself, are you doing your rights towards them. Don’t ask anybody ‘You need to this / that’. If you fulfill your rights towards them they will give you your rights. Think about how you will give your rights to the people. This is one of your responsibilities. If you don’t give people their rights you will be accountable because this is the zulm and on the Day of Judgment, on the siratt, you will fall. Fulfilling the rights, your responsibilities, this is what makes people on the siratt. The problems in society are everyone pointing at each other. Exceeding the limits with people Don’t be bad to others i.e. talk bad of them, steal from them. This is a transcript of a lecture given by Sister Eman al Obaid. We ask Allah subhana wa ta’ala for His forgiveness and His Mercy. Anything that is good from these notes is from Allah subhana wa ta’ala. Any mistakes & misrepresentations are my own. I ask Allah subhana wa ta’ala for His forgiveness and to put forgiveness in the hearts of those who read them. JazakAllah Khairan.
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