BASIC CONCEPTS OF CHEMISTRY. ➢ Scope /applications of chemistry. ➢ Basic
S.I units. ➢ Accuracy & Precision. ➢ LAWS OF CHEMICAL COMBINTIONS.
MINIMUM LEARNING LEVELS - CHEMISTRY
BASIC CONCEPTS OF CHEMISTRY Scope /applications of chemistry
Basic S.I units
Accuracy & Precision
LAWS OF CHEMICAL COMBINTIONS
DALTON’s ATOMIC THEORY
SCOPE/APPLICATIONS OF CHEMISTRY: Chemical principles are important in weather patterns, functioning of brain, operation of computer, chemical industries etc
Chemistry plays an important role in meeting human needs for food, health care products and other materials aimed at improving the quality of life.
In recent years chemistry has tackled with a fair degree of success some of the pressing aspects environmental degradation
BASIC S.I UNITS: Base Physical Quantity
Symbol for Quantity
Length
Name of SI unit
Symbol for SI unit
l
metre
m
Mass
m
Kilogram
kg
Time
t
Second
s
Electric Current
I
ampere
A
Thermodynamic temperature Amount of substance Luminous Intensity
T
kelvin
K
ACCURACY AND PRECISION
n Iv
mole Candela
mol cd
Precision refers to the closeness of various measurements for the same quantity
Accuracy is the agreement of a particular value to the true value of the result
LAWS OF CHEMICAL COMBINATIONS Law of conservation of mass
Law of definite proportions
Law of multiple proportions
Gay Lussac’s law of gaseous volume
Avogadro law
DALTON’S ATOMIC THEORY Atomic and molecular masses
Mole concept and molar masses
Avogadro concept
Percentage composition
Empirical formula for molecular formula
MLL FOR SOME BASIC CONCEPTS OF CHEMISTRY Importance of Chemistry Base physical quantities
Precision and accuracy
Laws of chemical combination(definitions)
Dalton’s atomic theory
Atomic and molecular mass
Mole concept
Percentage and composition ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-SOME BASIC PRINCIPLES & TECHNIQUES Tetravalence of Carbon
Structural representations of organic compounds
Classification of organic compounds
Nomenclature of Organic compounds
Nomenclature of substituted benzene compounds
Isomerism
Fundamental concepts in organic reaction mechanism
Resonance effect
Methods of purification of organic compounds
Chromatography
Qualitative analysis of organic compounds
Quantitative analysis
MLL FOR ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-SOME BASIC PRINCIPLES & TECHNIQUES To understand reasons for tetra valence of carbon and shapes of organic molecules
Classification of organic compounds
IUPAC system of nomenclature
Concept of organic reaction mechanism
Influence of electronic displacements on structure and reactivity of organic compounds
Techniques of purification of organic compounds
Chemical reactions involved in the qualitative analysis of organic compounds
Principles involved in quantitative analysis of organic compounds
MLL FOR STRUCTURE OF ATOM Discovery of fundamental particle of atom( electron, proton, neutron) charge and mass .Dual nature of electron, properties of electromagnetic radiation wavelength, Frequency, Velocity, Amplitude, wave number.
Definition of Atomic number, mass number calculation of mass number –Isotopes and Isobars, problems.
Postulates of plank’s quantum theory. Plank’s constant=6.63x10-34, completely filled orbitals E= hv-Units
Postulates of Bohr’s atomic model-spectral lines of hydrogen-Lyman, Balmer, paschen,p-fund bracket.
Difference between orbit and orbital, Quantum number,n,l,m,s-problems.
Rules for filling up of electrons- Hunds rule, Aufbauf Principle , paulis exclusion principle n+l rule, Half filled and completely filled orbitals
MLL FOR CLASSIFICATION OF ELEMENTS AND PERIODICITY IN PROPERTIES Mendelev’s periodic law ,periods, columns, triads, classification of periodic table (block,s,p,d &f)
Electronic configuration of elements upto atomic number-54
Periodic properties, atomic radii, trends in property of elements, electron Affinity, Ionization energy, Electronegativity.
oxidation state= Definition, Loss of electrons & gain of electrons, calculation.
