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BIOTECHNOLOGY AND SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE 2006 AND BEYOND

Biotechnology and Sustainable Agriculture 2006 and Beyond Proceedings of the 11th IAPTC&B Congress, August 31-18, 2006 Beijing, China

Edited by

Zhihong Xu Peking University, China

Jiayang Li Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

Yongbiao Xue Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

and

Weicai Yang Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

A C.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress.

ISBN 978-1-4020-6634-4 (HB) ISBN 978-1-4020-6635-1 (e-book)

Published by Springer, P.O. Box 17, 3300 AA Dordrecht, The Netherlands. www.springer.com

Printed on acid-free paper

All Rights Reserved © 2007 Springer No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work.

CONTENTS 2006 Science and Technology Exhibitors…............………………….…xix Opening Speech by Zhihong Xu, President of the IAPTC&B..………....xxi PLENARY LECTURES Plant Biotechnology and Crop Improvement in China……………………3 Zhihong Xu Facing the Future with Pharmaceuticals from Plants…………………….13 Rainer Fischer, Richard M. Twyman, Stephan Hellwig, Jürgen Drossard, and Stefan Schillberg Embryogenesis In Vitro…………………………………………………..35 Jim M. Dunwell Multigene Strategies for Engineering the Phytoremediation of Mercury and Arsenic…………………………………………………..49 Richard B. Meagher, Aaron P. Smith, Melissa Pischke, Tehryung Kim, Om Prakash Dhankher, and Andrew C.P. Heaton Molecular Control of S-RNase-based Self-Incompatibility……………...63 Jian Huang, Lan Zhao, and Yongbiao Xue The Use of Sexual Model Systems to Identify Elements of Apomixis………………………………………………………………77 Ueli Grossniklaus, Philippa Barrell, Amal Johnston, Ramaurthy Baskar, Jacqueline Gheyselinck, Lukas Brand, and Mark Curtis Agricultural Biotechnology in China: Past, Present and Future………………………………………………………………...81 Valerie J. Karplus and Xing Wang Deng

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SYMPOSIA Current Advances in Plant Tissue Culture Techniques Regulation of Plant Morphogenesis In Vitro: Role of Ethylene and Polyamines………………………………..……….89 Eng-Chong Pua Lingfasu and Its Use on Plant Tissue Culture In Vitro……………..…....97 Xu Hong-Yuan, Xu Hong-Zhang, He Bing, and Zhou Feng-Jue PPV-Specific Hairpin RNAs is an Effective Method for Plum Pox Potyvirus Resistance……………………………..……….103 Lining Tian, Shuocheng Zhang, HJIPne SanfaHon, Antonet Svircev, Daniel C. Brown, and Rui Wen An Efficient Novel Method of Producing Virus Free Plants from Garlic Root Meristem…………………..………………….107 Md. Shahidul Haque, K. Hattori, A. Suzuki, and T. Tsuneyoshi Site-Directed Homologous Recombination in Tobacco Cell Cultures via Zinc Finger Nucleases………………………..………111 Charles Q. Cai, W. Michael Ainley, Trevor N. Collingwood, Robbi J. Garrison, Lisa L. Schulenberg, Andrew Worden, Philip D. Gregory, Beth C. Rubin-Wilson, and Joseph F. Petolino Generation of Genetically Modified Strawberries in Temporary Immersion Bioreactor System…………………….……..115 Kati Hanhineva, Harri Kokko, and Sirpa Karenlampi

Current Advances in Plant Molecular Biology The Positioning of the Division Plane Is Determined by a Cortical Division Site at the Plasma Membrane…………………...121 Danny Geelen Repression of Plant Gene Expression via Chromosomal Remodelling Using Histone Deacetylases………………………………125 Lining Tian, Keqiang Wu, Brian Miki, and Dan Brown

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Functional Genomics DNA-METHYLTRANSFERASE 1 is a Member of FIS Polycomb Complex and is Involved in Seed Development in Arabidopsis...............131 Ming Luo, Mingzhu Luo, Fred Berger, E.S. Dennis, Jim W. Peacock, and Abed Chaudhury Integrating Transcriptional and Metabolic Profiling to Unravel Secondary Metabolite Biosynthesis in Plants………………………...…135 Heiko Rischer, Matej Oresic, Alain Goossens, Dirk Inzé, and Kirsi-Marja Oksman-Caldentey

Plant Transformation Technology Application of Two New Selectable Marker Genes, dsdA and dao1 in Maize Transformation……………………………..….141 Fang-Ming Lai, Kangfeng Mei, Luke Mankin, and Todd Jones Efficient Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation of Various Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Genotypes……………..……..143 Goetz Hensel, Vladimir Valkov, Conny Marthe, and Jochen Kumlehn

In vitro System as the Model for Discovery in Molecular Biology Use of Alfalfa In Vitro Cultures in Studies on Regulation of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase (CDK) Functions……………………..…..149 Dénes Dudits, Mátyás Cserháti, Pál Miskolczi, Attila Fehér, Ferhan Ayaydin, and Gábor V. Horváth Phytohormone Regulation of Cotton Fiber Development In Vitro……...153 Barbara A. Triplett, Hee Jin Kim, Doug Hinchliffe, Sing-Hoi Sze, Peggy Thaxton, David Stelly, and Z. Jeffrey Chen Patterns of Growth and Cell Death in Diploid Arabidopsis Cell Cultures with Synchronised Cell Cycle……………………............157 Ranjith Pathirana, Phillip West, and Jocelyn Eason

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Molecular Control of Abiotic Resistance Engineering of Reactive Species Detoxification Pathways for Increasing Stress Tolerance in Plants…………………………..……163 Gábor V. Horváth, Zoltán Turóczy, Mátyás Cserháti, Petra Kis, Katalin Török, László Sass, and Dénes Dudits Orchid Flower Fragrance Biosynthesis Pathway and Its Key Enzyme Geranyl Diphosphate Synthase…………………………..…….167 Yu-Yun Hsiao, Wen-Chieh Tsai, Chang-Sheng Kuoh, Tian-Hsiang Huang, Hei-Chia Wang, Yann-Lii Leu, Tian-Shung Wu, Wen-Huei Chen, and Hong-Hwa Chen Cytokinin Function in Drought Stress Response and Subsequent Recovery……………………………………..………...171 M. Novakova, P. Dobrev, V. Motyka, A. Gaudinova, J. Malbeck, J. Pospisilova, D. Haisel, H. Storchova, J. Dobra, M.C. Mok, D.W.S. Mok, R. Martin, and R. Vankova Xenogenomics: Bioprospecting for Genetic Determinants of Cold and Freezing Stress Tolerance in the Cryophilic Antarctic Hair Grass Deschampsia antarctica E. Desv. …………..……175 U.P. John, R.M. Polotnianka, A. Sivakumaran, L. Mackin, M.J. Kuiper, J.P. Talbot, O. Chew, E. Ribarev, D. Azria, D. Gunawardana, and G.C. Spangenberg

Plant Insect Interaction Biotechnological Control of Plant Parasitic Nematodes………...............181 P.E. Urwin Molecular Basis of Colorado Potato Beetle Adaptation to Potato Defence Mechanisms………………………………..........…...191 N. Slapar, M. Pompe-Novak, M. Buh, M. Ravnikar, B. Štrukelj, M.A. Jongsma, and K. Gruden

Molecular Mechanisms on Plant-Microbe Interactions An Arabidopsis Nudix Hydrolase Modulates the Innate Immune Response Independent of NPR1 and Salicylate………….……199 Yiji Xia, Xiaochun Ge, Guo-Jing Li, and Huifen Zhu

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RNA-Mediated Resistance to Cassava Geminiviruses in Transgenic Cassava…………………………………………...………201 Hervé Vanderschuren, Rashid Akbergenov, Mikhail M. Pooggin, Thomas Hohn, Wilhelm Gruissem, and Peng Zhang The Molecular Basis of Cold-Induced Pollen Sterility in Rice………....205 Sandra N. Oliver, Xiaochun Zhao, Elizabeth S. Dennis, and Rudy Dolferus Regulation of the Rice NADPH Oxidase by Binding of Small GTPase Rac and Ca2+ to Its N-terminal Extension……………………...209 Hann Ling Wong, Reinhard Pinontoan, Kana Hasegawa, Takashi Yaeno, Koh Iba, Ryo Tabata, Kokoro Hayashi, Chojiro Kojima, Tsutomu Kawasaki, and Ko Shimamoto Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing of the p23 Silencing Suppressor of Citrus tristeza Virus Confers Resistance to the Virus in Transgenic Mexican Lime…………………………..…...211 Carmen Fagoaga, Carmelo López, Alfonso Hermoso de Mendoza, Pedro Moreno, Luis Navarro, Ricardo Flores, and Leandro Peña Phloem Feeding Regulates the Plant Defense Pathways Responding to Both Aphid Infestation and Pathogen Infection………...215 Yinghua Huang

Metabolic Engineering Towards Metabolic Engineering of Carotenoid Content in Sweet-orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osb.)………………………..…...223 Marcio G.C. Costa, Amanda F.S. Mendes, Luciana C. Cidade, Walter S. Soares-Filho, Wagner C. Otoni, and Gloria A. Moore Engineering New Crops for Safe Castor Oil Production………..............227 Grace Q. Chen, Yeh-Jin Ahn, and Louisa Vang Biochemical and Structural Bases for (Iso)flavonoid Biosynthetic Diversity………………………………………..…………231 Chang-Jun Liu, Wang Cheng, Joseph P. Noel, and Richard A. Dixon

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Utilization of Plant Metabolic Engineering for Production of Pharmaceuticals in Tea…………………………………………….....235 A. Borthakur, R.K. Dutta, S. Borchetia, and Sudripta Das

Improving Nutritional Quality of Crops Success Towards Alleviating Peanut Allergy: The Major Allergen Ara h 2 is Silenced via RNA Interference (RNAi)………….…261 K.N. Konan, O.M. Viquez, F.C. Chen, and H.W. Dodo Transgenic Poplar for Phytoremediation………………..………………265 Won-Yong Song, Young-Im Choi, Donghwan Shim, Do-Young Kim, Eun-Woon Noh, Enrico Martinoia, and Youngsook Lee The Africa Biofortified Sorghum Project – Applying Biotechnology to Develop Nutritionally Improved Sorghum for Africa……………………………………………………..…………273 Zuo-yu Zhao Genetic Engineering of Strawberry for Taste Improvement and Enhanced Disease Resistance by Introduction of thauII Gene………….279 K.A. Schestibratov, and S.V. Dolgov Genetic Engineering of Crops for Improved Nutritional Quality……….283 Samuel S.M. Sun, Qiaoquan Liu, and Rebecca M.L. Chan Transcriptome Profiling of Wheat Genotypes Differing in Bread Baking Quality under Different Environments……………..…289 Yongfang Wan, Rowan Mitchell, Tim Wheeler, Mike Gooding, Rebecca Poole, Keith Edwards, Clare Mills, Peter Skeggs, Salvador Gezan, Sue Welham, Christina Shenton, Tong Zhu, and Peter Shewry

Signal Transduction Cotton 14-3-3L Gene Is Preferentially Expressed in Fiber……….….…295 Xue-Bao Li, Hai-Yan Shi, Xiu-Lan Wang, Wen-Liang Xu, Deng-Di Li, and Hong Wang

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Inositol Polyphosphate 6-/3-kinase (AtIpk2β), an Early Auxin-Responsive Gene, Positively Regulates Axillary Shoot Branching in Arabidopsis thaliana...........................................................299 Zai-Bao Zhang, Guang Yang, Zhen Chen, Yan Li, Fernando Arana, and Hui-Jun Xia

Apomixis Genetic Analyses of Aposporous Embryo Sac Formation in Sorghum………………………………………………………………305 John G. Carman, Michelle S. Jamison, Jayasree Pattanayak, Jeff Lacey, Jeong-Soon Kim, Estella G. Elliott, Patricia Klein, Tom Ulrich, and Krishna Dwivedi Epigenetic Regulation of Seed Development………………..……….…309 Claudia Köhler

Biotechnology in Cereals Optimisation of Tissue Culture, Regeneration and Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation Paramaters in Winter Wheat Cultivars (T.durum cv. Kızıltan-91 and T.aestivum cv. Bezostaja-01).............................................................315 M. Kavas; H.A. Öktem, and M. Yücel Enhancement of the Brassinosteroid Biosynthesis Pathway Improves Grain Yield in Rice………………………………………..….319 Chuan-Yin Wu, Shing Kwok, Sam Harris, Anthony Trieu, Parthiban Radhakrishnan, Andres Salazar, Ke Zhang, Jiulin Wang, Jianmin Wan, Shozo Fujioka, Ken Feldmann, and Roger Pennell Functional Genomics of Hexaploid Wheat…………………….………..323 Yasunari Ogihara

Biotechnology in Economic Crops Isolation and Characterization of Senescence-Associated Ethylene Genes from Dendrobium Orchids………………………..……327 Zuliana Razali, S. Chandran, Lee Ai Ling, A.N. Boyce, and Helen Nair

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Biotechnological Improvement of Forage Crops…………………..……333 Zeng-Yu Wang, Jeremey Bell, Xiaofei Cheng, Yaxin Ge, Kun Jun Han, Xuefeng Ma, Elane Wright, Yajun Xi, Xirong Xiao, Ji-Yi Zhang, Andrew Hopkins, and Joseph Bouton

Biotechnology in Medicinal, Woody and Horticultural Plants Lignan and Norlignan Biosynthesis and Biotechnology………...………341 Toshiaki Umezawa Polyketide Metabolism in Hypericum perforatum and Related Species…………………………………………..……...….345 Ludger Beerhues and Benye Liu In Vitro Selection and Molecular Markers for Early Screening of Fusarium Head Blight Resistance Wheat………..………...349 F. Eudes, Ana Badea, A. Laroche, D. Gaudet, R. Graf, and S. Sadasivaiah The Geo-Model for Cell Wall Formation: A Design Tool for Plants……………………………………………………………...…353 Carolina Cifuentes and Anne Mie C. Emons

Tissue Culture for Biodiversity Preservation Integrating In Vitro Methods for Propagating and Preserving Endangered Plants……………………………………………………....363 V.C. Pence, S.M. Charls, B.L. Plair, M.A. Jaskowiak, G.D. Winget, and L.L. Cleveland Micropropagation and Germplasm Conservation of Staple Food Crops and Traditional Medicinal Plants in Micronesia………..….375 Virendra Mohan Verma Efficient In Vitro Bulblet Regeneration from Immature Embryos of Endemic and Endangered Geophyte Species in Sternbergia, Muscari and Fritillaria Genera……………………...…381 Sebahattin Özcan, İskender Parmaksız, Semra Mirici, Satı Çöçü, Serkan Uranbey, Arif İpek, Cengiz Sancak, Ercüment O. Sarıhan, Bilal Gürbüz, Cafer S. Sevimay, and Neşet Arslan

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In Vitro Strategies for Conservation of Plant Diversity in India……..…385 Pramod Tandon

Plants as Bioreacter/Molecular Pharming Molecular Farming in Plants: An Update……………………..………....389 Elisabetta Lupotto and Maria Rosaria Stile In Vivo and In Vitro Studies on Huperzine A Producing Ferns…………397 Somika Bhatnagar, Yuan Qing Deborah Hong, Guang Yuan Wang, and Yan Hong Production of Recombinant Antibodies in Pea Seeds and Their Oral Application in Piglets………………………..……….…399 Isolde Saalbach, Marcus Riehl, Martin Giersberg, Jochen Kumlehn, and Dieter Falkenburg

Molecular Breeding Breeding for Improved and Novel Starch Characteristics in Potato...…..405 Farhad Nazarian Firouzabadi, Geraldine Kok-Jacon, Ji Qin, Jean-Paul Vincken, Luc Suurs, and Richard G.F. Visser Biofortification of Cassava Using Molecular Breeding…………..….….409 Kirsten Jørgensen, Charlotte Sørensen, Susanne Jensen, Marc Morant, Martin Fregene, and Birger Lindberg Møller Evaluation of GM Poplars Expressing Relevant Traits for Herbicide Tolerance, Disease Resistance and Production of Pharmaceutics: Biochemical, Molecular and Microbiological Studies on Plants and Detection of Transgene Sequences in Soil………………...........…. 413 S. Zelasco, D. Carbonera, A. Giorcelli, M. Confalonieri, F. Mattivi, M. Bonadei, M. Gennaro, E. Quattrini, P. Calligari, F. Picco, G. Deandrea, and A. Balestrazzi Molecular Breeding of Low-Phytic-Acid Grains in Rice by Using the Promoter of 18 kDa Oleosin………………………...…….419 Mio Kuwano, Makoto Suzuki, Fumio Takaiwa, and Kaoru T. Yoshida

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Regeneration, Micropropagation and Industrialization A Highly Efficient Protocol for Micropropagation of North American Ginseng……………………………………………..425 Sijun Zhou and Daniel C.W. Brown The Use of Tissue Culture for Successful and Sustainable Cane………………………………………..……..……429 Satjaporn Chantawong, Upsorn Pliansinchai, Chalermpol Kirdmanee, and Pipat Weerathaworn Development of Subclonal Variants from Interspecific Hybrids of Sugarcane……………………………………………..…….433 S. Rajeswari, Shini Sekar, and M. Krishnamurthi Forcing and In Vitro Establishment of Softwood Shoots from Large Stem Segments of Woody Plants……………………..…....437 Faheem Aftab and John E. Preece

Protoplasts, Haploids and Embryo Culture in Crop Improvement Introgression Breeding Program in Lolium/Festuca Complex Using Androgenesis…………………………………..………447 Toshihiko Yamada, Yang-dong Guo, Yuuko Mizukami, Ken-ichi Tamura, and Kazuhiro Tase Recent Advances in Anther Culture of Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.)…………………………………………..…….……451 P.I.P. Perera, V. Hocher, J.L. Verdeil, D.M.D. Yakandawala, and L.K. Weerakoon Protoplast Isolation and Cultivation from Embryogenic Suspension Cultures and Leaves of Grapevines (Vitis L.)……………….457 Jiang Lu, Xia Xu, and Judy Grosser Protoplast Technology and Citrus Improvement…………..…………....461 W.W. Guo, X.D. Cai, Y.J. Cheng, J.W. Grosser, and X.X. Deng

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Microspore Embryogenesis in the Apiaceae………………..…………...465 A.M.R. Ferrie and T.D. Bethune

Technology Transfer to Developing Countries Integration of Cold Signal Transduction Pathway Related to ABA 8’-hydroxylase in Arabidopsis…………………….………..…..471 Xin Zhou, Fei He, Fengxia Liu, Xue Zheng, Chao Di, Shaoxia Zhou, Hongya Gu, Wenying Xu, and Zhen Su Rice Genetics and Genomics Information as the Ultimate Tool for Rice Improvement………………………………………...……475 Takuji Sasaki, Jianzhong Wu, and Takashi Matsumoto The Development of Agricultural Biotechnology Capacities in Palestine through the UNESCO Biotechnology Educational and Training Center at Bethlehem University………………….……….487 Naim Iraki, Omar Dar-Issa, Basma Sandouka, Michael Sansour, Rami Arafeh, Amani Abu-Sa’da, and Nida’ Salah Author Index………………………………………………..………….491

From left: Arie Altman, Zhihong Xu (President), Indra K. Vasil, Atsushi Komamine, Yongbiao Xue (Chair-Local Organizing Commitee, Co-Editor of In Vitro Plant), Eng-Chong Pua (Editor of In Vitro Plant).

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IAPTC&B President Zhihong Xu announcing the election of Dr. Roger Beachy of USA as President of IAPB for 2006–2010, and of St. Louis as the host city of the 12th Congress in 2010.

Indra K. Vasil on behalf of President Roger Beachy of 12th IAPB (2006–2010) receive the logo from President Zhihong Xu of 2002–2006 of IAPTC&B. xviii

2006 Science and Technology Exhibitors Alto Holdings Limited, New Zealand DBN Group, China Duchefa Biochemie bv, The Netherlands Eppendorf China Ltd., China Phyto Technology Laborateries, USA Sigma-Aldrich Trading Co. Ltd., China Springer, Germany Sunshine Horticulture Co., Ltd., China Yantze Deltaregion Institute of Tsinghua University, Zhejiang, China

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Opening Speech by Zhihong Xu, President of IAPTC&B 2006 Good Morning, Ladies and Gentlemen! It has been 4 years since we met in Orlando, USA in June, 2002. On behalf of the International Association for Plant Tissue Culture and Biotechnology, I would like to express my warm welcome to all the delegates attending the 11th International Congress of Plant Tissue Culture and Biotechnology. This Congress is certainly a world-class event with over 800 participants from 94 countries. In the following 5 days, the best and the brightest of international scientific leaders will present 14 plenary, 34 keynote and 120 symposia lectures covering the entire research field of plant biotechnology, as well as laws and policies regarding transgenic plants and technology transfer. More than 600 posters will augment the formal lecture sessions. The IAPTC&B awarded 15 fellowships to graduate students and post-doctoral associates from developing countries. The International Association for Plant Tissue Culture and Biotechnology is one of major international professional associations in the field of life science. The mission of the Association is to promote research in all aspects of basic and applied research in plant tissue culture and biotechnology. The theme of this Congress is ‘Biotechnology and Sustainable Agriculture’. It is a theme that is especially timely for plant biologists working today. I hope that this Congress will further promote global research activities in the field of plant biotechnology and thus make greater contributions to the world people. Besides scientific activities in the Congress, I hope you will also enjoy your stay in Beijing. Beijing is one of the most attractive and cosmopolitan cities in the world. It is the political and cultural center of ever-growing China, home of 11 million citizens, seat of the Chinese government, a city highly celebrated for its beautiful surroundings and well-preserved historic sites and cultural relics. I would xxi

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like to suggest that you enjoy your hot summer by visiting the Summer Palace where the emperors enjoyed their hot summer in old days. Finally, I wish the Congress success, and all of you a pleasant stay in Beijing.