Book of abstracts

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Book of abstracts

XVIII° CONGRES UISPP PARIS JUIN 2018 18th UISPP WORLD CONGRESS, PARIS, JUNE 2018 1

The explosion of ramified chaines op´ eratoires during the Late Middle Palaeolithic. Laurence Bourguignon

∗† 1

, Cyrielle Mathias

2

1

INRAP ; UMR 7041 - ArScAn, AnTet – Institut National de Recherches Archeologiques Preventives, Universit´e Paris X - Paris Ouest Nanterre La D´efense, Institut national de recherches arch´eologiques pr´eventives – Pˆ ole Mixte de Recherche, 24260, Campagne, France 2 UMR 7194 Histoire Naturelle de l’Homme Pr´ehistorique – Univ de Perpignan Via Domitia, Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle - MNHN (FRANCE) – av. L´eon Jean Gr´egory, 66720, Tautavel, France

This paper (or communication) follows the one presented by C. Mathias and L. Bourguignon on the oldest indications of Middle Palaeolithic ramification in the south of France. It will focus on demonstrating the development of this phenomenon until its explosion during the Late Middle Palaeolithic periods in Southwestern France. This quantitative (proportions in industries) and qualitative demonstration will be based on data from our studies but also from those collected in the published literature. As a successive development of secondary production(s) from matrices obtained by d´ebitage (main production system), these ramified chaines op´eratoires have different status within the industries although they are systematically represented regardless of the production system: Levallois, Quina or Discoid. It is only within the Levallois system that a great diversity of ramification modalities is visible and where the objectives of the d´ebitage are complementary to the main production with a search for small products or tools. In the Discoid and Quina systems, the ramification functions are additional (same products as the main productions) with only a search for dimensional reduction (microlitization). It is also in these systems that the combined-matrices (both productional and functional) are present. The goal of these pieces is the production of small flakes and the manufacture of a tool simultaneously. A more or less strong development of ramified chaines op´eratoires in these sites seems more related to cultural (techno-complex) and economic aspects (site status) rather than to the type of site (open-air site or cave, short or long duration of occupation), and a raw material economy (rich or poor in siliceous rocks, good or bad quality...). In all cases, the development and explosion of this phenomenon seem linked to a search for small products/tools that became increasingly important. This phenomenon seems significant when we know that in the Upper Palaeolithic the cultures ∗ †

Speaker Corresponding author: [email protected]

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could be differentiated sometimes on the basis of this micro-production (straight and twisted bladelets in the Aurignacian for example).

Keywords: Recent Middle Palaeolithic, ramification, combined, matrices, small flake

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