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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Changes of Brain Glucose Metabolism in the Pretreatment Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Retrospective PET/CT Study Weishan Zhang1, Ning Ning1,2, Xianjun Li1,3, Gang Niu1, Lijun Bai3, Youmin Guo1, Jian Yang1,3*

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1 Radiology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China, 2 Nuclear Medicine Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China, 3 Department of Biomedical Engineering, the Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China * [email protected]

OPEN ACCESS Citation: Zhang W, Ning N, Li X, Niu G, Bai L, Guo Y, et al. (2016) Changes of Brain Glucose Metabolism in the Pretreatment Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Retrospective PET/CT Study. PLoS ONE 11(8): e0161325. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0161325 Editor: Rafael Rosell, Catalan Institute of Oncology, SPAIN

Abstract Objective The tumor-to-brain communication has been emphasized by recent converging evidences. This study aimed to compare the difference of brain glucose metabolism between patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and control subjects.

Received: December 12, 2015 Accepted: August 3, 2016

Methods

Published: August 16, 2016

NSCLC patients prior to oncotherapy and control subjects without malignancy confirmed by 6 months follow-up were collected and underwent the resting state 18F-fluoro-D-glucose (FDG) PET/CT. Normalized FDG metabolism was calculated by a signal intensity ratio of each brain region to whole brain. Brain glucose metabolism was compared between NSCLC patients and control group using two samples t-test and multivariate test by statistical parametric maps (SPM) software.

Copyright: © 2016 Zhang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Data Availability Statement: Relevant data are included within the paper. The raw image data is subject sensitive and due to ethical and legal restrictions, the data can be obtained by contacting the first affiliated hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University ([email protected]). Funding: This study has received funding by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81171317, 81471631), New Century Excellent Talent Support Plan from Ministry of Education of China (NCET-11-0438), and Fund of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University (2014YK22). The funders had no role in study design, data

Results Compared with the control subjects (n = 76), both brain glucose hyper- and hypometabolism regions with significant statistical differences (P