The InternaƟonal Civil AviaƟon OrganizaƟon (ICAO)1 sets global standards and
.... (c) An ICAO Annex 9 standard requires all non-machine readable passports ...
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International Civil Aviation Organization
ŚĂƉƚĞƌϯ͗/ŶƚĞƌŶĂƟŽŶĂůŝǀŝůǀŝĂƟŽŶKƌŐĂŶŝnjĂƟŽŶ
/ŶƚĞƌŶĂƟŽŶĂůŝǀŝůǀŝĂƟŽŶKƌŐĂŶŝnjĂƟŽŶ dŚĞ /ŶƚĞƌŶĂƟŽŶĂů ŝǀŝů ǀŝĂƟŽŶ KƌŐĂŶŝnjĂƟŽŶ ;/KͿϭ sets global standards and ƌĞŐƵůĂƟŽŶƐŶĞĐĞƐƐĂƌLJĨŽƌĂǀŝĂƟŽŶƐĂĨĞƚLJ͕ƐĞĐƵƌŝƚLJ͕ĞĸĐŝĞŶĐLJĂŶĚƌĞŐƵůĂƌŝƚLJ͕ĂƐǁĞůůĂƐ ĨŽƌ ĂǀŝĂƟŽŶ ĞŶǀŝƌŽŶŵĞŶƚĂů ƉƌŽƚĞĐƟŽŶ͘ /ƚ ŝƐ ƚŚĞ ŽŶůLJ hE ƐƉĞĐŝĂůŝnjĞĚ ĂŐĞŶĐLJ ǁŝƚŚ ƚŚĞ ŵĂŶĚĂƚĞĂŶĚƌĞƐƉŽŶƐŝďŝůŝƚLJĨŽƌĞƐƚĂďůŝƐŚŝŶŐ͕ŵĂŝŶƚĂŝŶŝŶŐĂŶĚƉƌŽŵŽƟŶŐ^ƚĂŶĚĂƌĚƐĂŶĚ ZĞĐŽŵŵĞŶĚĞĚWƌĂĐƟĐĞƐ;^ZWƐͿŽŶƚŚĞŝƐƐƵĂŶĐĞĂŶĚǀĞƌŝĮĐĂƟŽŶŽĨŵĂĐŚŝŶĞͲƌĞĂĚĂďůĞ ƚƌĂǀĞůĚŽĐƵŵĞŶƚƐ;DZdƐͿ͕ƐƵĐŚĂƐƉĂƐƐƉŽƌƚƐ͕ĂŶĚƌĞůĂƚĞĚŝĚĞŶƟĮĐĂƟŽŶŵĂŶĂŐĞŵĞŶƚ and border control issues. In this way, ICAO helps ensure cross-border interoperability, ĞŶŚĂŶĐĞ ĨĂĐŝůŝƚĂƟŽŶ͕ ŝŶĐƌĞĂƐĞ ĐŽŶĮĚĞŶĐĞ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƌĞůŝĂďŝůŝƚLJ ŽĨ ƚƌĂǀĞů ĚŽĐƵŵĞŶƚƐ͕ ĂŶĚ ƐƚƌĞŶŐƚŚĞŶ ŶĂƟŽŶĂů ĂŶĚ ŝŶƚĞƌŶĂƟŽŶĂů ƐĞĐƵƌŝƚLJ͕ ƚŚĞƌĞďLJ ĞŶĂďůŝŶŐ ŵŝŐƌĂŶƚƐ ĂŶĚ ƚŚĞŝƌ ĨĂŵŝůŝĞƐƚŽďĞŶĞĮƚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞŝƌŵŽďŝůŝƚLJ͘/ƚĂůƐŽĐŽŶĚƵĐƚƐƌĞƐĞĂƌĐŚĂŶĚƉƌĞƉĂƌĞƐƌĞƉŽƌƚƐ ŽŶŶĞǁƚĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐŝĞƐĂǀĂŝůĂďůĞƚŽĚĂLJŽƌƉŽƚĞŶƟĂůůLJŝŶƚŚĞĨƵƚƵƌĞĨŽƌƵƐĞŝŶDZdƐ͘Ϯ In assuring travel document security and border security, and also increasingly through ƌŽďƵƐƚ ƵŶŝƋƵĞ ŝĚĞŶƟĮĐĂƟŽŶ ŵĂŶĂŐĞŵĞŶƚ ƐLJƐƚĞŵƐ͕ϯ /K ŚĞůƉƐ ĚĞǀĞůŽƉ ^ƚĂƚĞƐ͛ ĐĂƉĂĐŝƟĞƐ ƚŽ ĞƐƚĂďůŝƐŚ ĂŶĚ ŵĂŶĂŐĞ ƌĞŐƵůĂƌ ĨŽƌŵƐ ŽĨ ĐƌŽƐƐͲďŽƌĚĞƌ ŵŽďŝůŝƚLJ ƚŚĂƚ ĐĂŶ ďĞŶĞĮƚ Ăůů ƐƚĂŬĞŚŽůĚĞƌƐ͘ LJ ĂůŝŐŶŝŶŐ ŝƚƐ ƌĞŐƵůĂƚŽƌLJ ĂŶĚ ĐĂƉĂĐŝƚLJͲďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ ŝŶŝƟĂƟǀĞƐ ĨŽƌ ŝĚĞŶƟĮĐĂƟŽŶ ŵĂŶĂŐĞŵĞŶƚ͕ ƚƌĂǀĞů ĚŽĐƵŵĞŶƚƐ ĂŶĚ ďŽƌĚĞƌ ĐŽŶƚƌŽůƐ ǁŝƚŚ ĞǀŽůǀŝŶŐ ĂǀŝĂƟŽŶ ƐĞĐƵƌŝƚLJ ĂŶĚ ĨĂĐŝůŝƚĂƟŽŶ ĨƌĂŵĞǁŽƌŬƐ͕ ŝƚ ƐƵƉƉŽƌƚƐ ŝŶƚĞƌͲ^ƚĂƚĞ ĐŽŽƉĞƌĂƟŽŶ ŽŶ safer global travel. Secure travel documents and global regimes for document security, ƐƵĐŚĂƐƚŚĞ/KWƵďůŝĐ
