Circadian Rhythms (Jet-Lag)

INTRODUCTION 1. What’s missing? Circadian rhythms (laboratory) Airline pilot (field) Athletic performance (field) 2. Key questions a. Training scheduling b. Methods to improve recovery

EFFECTS OF TRAVEL

Circadian Rhythms (Jet-Lag)

Fatigue/Mood

+

Demands of Travel (Travel Fatigue)

Sleep Disruption

Physical Performance

Illness/Injury

JET LAG


Fatigue/Mood

+


Sleep Disruption


Illness/Injury

PERFORMANCE

Reilly et al. (2001). Int J Sports Med, 22, 166-174.

PERFORMANCE

Facer-Childs & Brandstaetter. (2015). Curr Biol, 25(4), 518-522.

PRACTICAL ADVICE #1


Fatigue/Mood

+


Sleep Disruption


Illness/Injury

SLEEP


Fatigue/Mood

+


Sleep Disruption


Illness/Injury

SLEEP

SLEEP

PRACTICAL ADVICE #2

SYMPTOMS

Prof. T Reilly, Prof. J Waterhouse, Prof. G Atkinson, Dr. B Edwards.

SYMPTOMS

½ day

1 day

SYMPTOMS

Estimate = 12 days

Fowler et al. 2015 (In Submission)

SYMPTOMS

Actual = 5 days Fowler et al. 2015 (In Submission)

SYMPTOMS

Reilly & Edwards. (2015). Physiol Behav, 90(2-3), 274-284.


Fatigue/Mood

+


Sleep Disruption


Illness/Injury

TRAVEL FATIGUE


Fatigue/Mood

+


Sleep Disruption


Illness/Injury

PRACTICAL ADVICE #3

VS.


Fatigue/Mood

+


Sleep Disruption


Illness/Injury


Fatigue/Mood

+


Sleep Disruption

Illness/Injury


Cohen et al. (2009). Arch Intern Med, 169, 62-67.

ILLNESS

ILLNESS

ILLNESS

17%

5%

PRACTICAL ADVICE #4

INJURY

Match injuries

Muscle injuries Injuries amongst heavier & taller forwards

PERFORMANCE

PERFORMANCE


Fatigue/Mood

+

1


Sleep Disruption


Illness/Injury

2 3

TAKE HOME MESSAGE #1

LIMITED UNDERSTANDING OF THE TIMELINE OF SPORT SPECIFIC PERFORMANCE RECOVERY FOLLOWING LONG-HAUL TRAVEL IN ELITE ATHLETES & ASSOCIATED MECHANISMS

RECENT RESEARCH

v

RECENT RESEARCH 2100 m

RECENT RESEARCH

v

STUDY 1 Circadian Rhythms (Jet-Lag)

Fatigue/Mood

+


Sleep Disruption


Illness/Injury

STUDY 2 Circadian Rhythms (Jet-Lag)

Fatigue/Mood

+


Sleep Disruption


Illness/Injury

21 h WEST 8 time-zones

4 day washout

7 day washout

RECENT RESEARCH

21 h EAST 8 time-zones

Baseline

Fowler et al. 2015 (In Preparation)

RECENT RESEARCH

Fowler et al. 2015 (In Preparation)


Fatigue/Mood

+


Sleep Disruption


Illness/Injury

PRACTICAL ADVICE #5

INTERVENTIONS

PRE-TRAVEL

Arendt. (2009). Sleep Med Rev, 13(4), 249-256.

PRACTICAL ADVICE #6

POST-TRAVEL

VS.

Waterhouse et al. (2007). Lancet, 368(9567), 1117-1129.

LIGHT

LIGHT

LIGHT

1. Light exposure 2. Melatonin

3. Light exposure + melatonin

LIGHT

PRACTICAL ADVICE #7

PRACTICAL ADVICE #7

MELATONIN

MELATONIN



MELATONIN

40% 50% 10%

PRACTICAL ADVICE #8

M M M M

PRACTICAL ADVICE #8

M

M

PRACTICAL ADVICE #9

COMBINED

COMBINED



COMBINED

Forbes-Robertson et al. (2012). Sports Med, 42(3), 185-208.

PRACTICAL ADVICE #10

+

TAKE HOME MESSAGE #2

INTERVENTIONS THAT ARE SOUND IN THEORY & MAY HAVE EFFICACY IN LABORATORY-BASED STUDIES, TO DATE HAVE LIMITED IMPACT IN THE FIELD-BASED STUDIES WITH ELITE ATHLETES

THE FUTURE

Racinais et al. (2012). J Therm Biol, 37(4), 351-354.

SUMMARY Timeline of sport specific recovery & associated mechanisms?

Field-based efficacy of interventions?

Practical recommendations