Common intestinal infectious diseases in the Republic of Armenia

Abstracts / International Journal of Infectious Diseases 53S (2016) 4–163

83%) and multiple resistance to fosfomycin, oxytetracycline and gentamicin (n=8, 67%). None of the bacterial isolates were susceptible (except to enrofloxacin). Samples obtained from 1098 animals (spread over forty six livestock farms) were screened for bovine TB and brucellosis. Twenty-three were positive for Brucella sp., representing a 4.2% prevalence. We did not find any positive cases of bovine tuberculosis. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that milk raw could be a source of exposure to multidrug resistant E. coli and S. aureus strains as a result of poor livestock practices in the Sumapaz region (Colombia). Training in good farming practices is key to improve sustainable food production and avoiding antibiotic-resistant foodborne disease outbreaks. Further studies to characterize the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance are necessary. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2016.11.183 19.130 Molecular characterization of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from different hospitals in Kathmandu valley S. Aryal a,∗ , S.P. Lekhak b , P. Parajuli a a

St. Xavier’s College, Department of Microbiology, Kathmandu/NP b Annapurna Neurological Institute and Allied Sciences, Kathmandu/NP Purpose: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the deadliest and common major infectious diseases in developing and industrialized countries. Global TB control efforts have been severely hampered by the lack of diagnostic tests that are rapid, accurate, simple to use and can be applied at the point of clinical care. The aim of this study is to identify multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the tuberculosis patients through genotyping. Methods & Materials: A total of 238 isolates from Kathmandu valley were tested for drug resistance. Extracted DNA was processed for Multiplex Allele Specific Polymerase Chain Reaction (MAS-PCR) for the detection of TB by using MPB64 and IS6110 primers and later mutation in katG and rpoB was detected using specific primers for drug resistance patterns. Results: Out of 238 suspected cases, MAS-PCR was found to be positive for 35 (14.70%) isolates. Among 35 positive isolates, rpoB526 mutation and katG315 mutation was found in 5 (14.29%) and 3 (8.57%) isolates respectively. Two (5.71%) isolates showed resistance to both rpoB and katG confirming the multidrug resistant (MDR) tuberculosis. Conclusion: The use of these assays in the clinical setting would significantly reduce the time to diagnosis of MDR tuberculosis, enabling the administration of appropriate treatment regimens at the outset of therapy and to estimate the economic and disease burden of tuberculosis which is essential to inform health policy, increase disease awareness and assess the impact of tuberculosis control technologies. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2016.11.184

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19.132 Common intestinal infectious diseases in the Republic of Armenia T. Balayan ∗ , N. Grigoryan, L. Torosyan, S. Melikjanyan, A. Vanyan National Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ministry of Health, Republic of Armenia, Yerevan/AM Purpose: The group of common intestinal infectious diseases (dysentery, yersiniosis, acute intestinal infections with unknown etiology, gastroenterocolitis with known etiology, enterovirus and rotavirus infections, nutritional toxicoinfections caused by staphylococci) are very common in the world, particularly in developing countries. The WHO estimates that about two million children worldwide die each year from diseases that cause diarrhea. This study was conducted to reveal the epidemiological situation in Armenia and to come up with the conclusions about the measures against the further development of the spread. Methods & Materials: Data from the National Epidemiological Routine Surveillance of 2005-2015 were analyzed. Questionnaires, interviews, and field observations were used to assess the epidemiological situation and to find out the probable source and transmission routes for the infections. Results: The incidence of common intestinal infectious diseases per 100,000 population from 2005 to 2015 was as follows: 2005: 147.6, 2006: 165.6, 2007: 167.9, 2008: 178.7, 2009: 175.2, 2010: 263.3, 2011: 242.4, 2012: 255.5, 2013: 272.4, 2014: 312.6 and 2015: 407.1. About 80% of the total cases were registered among children, which made up 1663.2 per 100,000 and which was 1.33 times higher than 2014. More than half of the cases were associated with contaminated food and in almost all foodborne cases, the cause of the infection was the incorrect preservation of food and lack of maintaining hygienic and anti-epidemic rules by vendors as well as by the consumers. Conclusion: Sanitary and epidemiological control over food safety must be strengthened. Requirements for food safety should be based on evidence, taking into account relevant standards. The Law of the Republic of Armenia on food safety should be enforced. Awareness-raising programs should be conducted. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2016.11.185 19.133 Effects of some amphizoic amoeba spread in human environments - new incidences of the emerging threat with the vision-threatening disease of public health significance W. Baltaza a,∗ , K. Pionkowski b , M. Padzik b , M. Dybicz c , L. Chomicz b a

Medical University of Warsaw, Department of Disaster Medicine, Warsaw/PL b Medical University of Warsaw, Department of Medical Biology, 73 Nowogrodzka Street, Warsaw/PL c Medical University of Warsaw, Chair and Department of General Biology and Parasitology, 5 Chałubinskiego Street, Warsaw/PL Purpose: Some strains of free-living amoebae, ubiquitous in various natural and man-made environments, are causative agents of Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK), the vision-threatening disease mainly related to improper contact lens hygiene. Currently, AK incidences occur with increasing frequency in various parts of the world, also in