Critical review Photons detected by magnetic resonance are ...

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Critical review

Abstract

K Lenger1*, G Lang2

Introduction Homeopathy, a complementary healing method to cure body and mind, was founded by Samuel Hahnemann (1755–1843). He produced highly potentised remedies from minerals, plants, venoms or animals, and succussed them 10 times after every dilution step. From the exceeded Avogadro constant, it had been clarified that there were no molecules left in the highly diluted solutions. According to Hahnemann’s Law of Similars (similia similibus curentur), patients had been cured administering minute doses of a remedy. According to this principle, the symptoms produced by any substance on a group of healthy individuals are similar to those in a sick person by application of the same substance, which is then used in high dilution. The actual reason of healing in the patients could not be found: whether it is patient’s belief or an energy. Many trials had been carried out, although no one knows the conditions to start an experiment that was reproducible. After the detection of photons in homeopathic remedies by Lenger, a new thinking of homeopathic fundamental laws and research experiments is discussed in this critical review. Finally, a biochemical and biophysical model of homeopathic function is discussed. * Corresponding author Email: [email protected] 1 2

I nstitute of Scientific Homeopathy, Germany European Committee for Homeopathy (ECH), Praxis Natura-Sanat, Burgstr.112,CH-4125 Riehen, Switzerland

Conclusion The credibility of homeopathy including the production of homeopathic remedies, the reproducibility of provings, clinical trials and research experiments will give it a chance to obtain a scientific base and appreciation in natural sciences. This is a propensity for ill people being cured without any side effects and esoteric ideas.

Introduction

Until now, there was no possibility to perform quality controls of homeopathic remedies. There is much doubt about the possible h ealing effect of succussed dilutions having exceeded Avogadro constant in patients or in successful clinical trials and research experiments. As long as the working mechanism of homeopathic remedies is not clarified, all homeopathic fundamental laws and trials are called into question. Since Lenger1–3 detected photons with frequencies in the megahertz region using highly potentised remedies by two magnetic resonance methods, a quality control of homeopathic remedies is possible. These results led to new considerations about the Law of Similars, which can be now expressed as follows: the frequencies of the homeopathic remedy photons must match those of the patients. The different manufacturing methods of remedies must be investigated, because the question arises: is an ethanolic distinct remedy comparable with an aqueous remedy of the same potency? A renewed consideration of provings, clinical trials, and biochemical and biophysical experiments has to be done. Finally, a biochemical and biophysical model of homeopathic function is discussed.

Discussion

The authors have referenced some of their own studies in this review. These studies were conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki (1964) and the protocols of these studies were approved by the relevant ethics committees related to the institution in which they were performed. All human subjects in these referenced studies gave informed consent to participate. All authors followed the Association for Medical Ethics (AME) ethical rules of disclosure.

Production of homeopathic remedies Dilutions There are different methods of production of homeopathic reme dies. Hahnemann’s prescriptions of producing homeopathic remedies from ethanolic extracts (43–87%, mother tinctures) of plants, insects or snake venoms to high potencies by dilution and succussion are originally described in the Homöopa thisches Arzneibuch HAB4. Dilution steps are 1:10 (D-potencies), 1:100 (C-potencies) and 1:50000 (LM1, LM2 or Q-potencies). Concentrations are maintained and succussion is done manually 10 times. This method is called several glass-vessel method. The one-glass-vessel method is applied to produce Korsakovian pot encies5 altering Hahnemann’s manufacturing method of C-potencies. The concentration is not maintained exactly. Only a “drop” is left in the vessel that is refilled with ethanol and again succussed. Another sort of potencies called Fincke5 potencies are produced by continuous stirring of mother tincture alternating with

Licensee OA Publishing London 2014. Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY)

For citation purposes: Lenger K, Lang G. Photons detected by magnetic resonance are efficious in homeopathy: a critical review. OA Alternative Medicine 2014 Feb 22;2(1):4.

Competing interests: none declared. Conflict of interests: none declared. All authors contributed to the conception, design, and preparation of the manuscript, as well as read and approved the final manuscript. All authors abide by the Association for Medical Ethics (AME) ethical rules of disclosure.

Homeopathy

Photons detected by magnetic resonance are efficacious in homeopathy: a critical review

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Critical review

Ethanolic and aqueous potencies—nanoparticles Ethanolic (43–87%) mother tinctures contain water- and ethanol-soluble substances. Amazingly, it is reported that nanoparticles7,8 exist in highly diluted and succussed homeopathic potencies beyond Avogadro’s number (6 × 1023 solved particles exist in 1 mol/l), which normally means that no more atoms or molecules exist in these potencies. Generally it is well known that only solved substances can be potentised. Nanoparticles are not solved and cannot be potentised. These nanoparticles accompany the dilutions during the production process randomly. Some of the reasons are as follows: (1) the dilutions are not filtered or centrifuged during manufacturing; residual non-soluble nanoparticles are in the mother tincture. (2) Nanoparticles can be produced by the succussion steps destroying the protein structures and denaturing proteins. (3) Nanoparticles9,10 are solved by the aqueous or ethanolic homeopathic remedies from the glass or polyethylene vessel. (4) During the manufacturing process, a change from ethanol to water will result in precipitation of the ethanol-soluble substances as nanoparticles. This step might have consequences for the produced remedy: its corresponding symptom picture in the Materia medica11,12 obtained by provings is not that obtained with ethanolic remedies. Camomile solved in

water (e.g. as tea) and potentised is not the same as the remedy chamomilla produced in ethanol. It is assumed that their resonance frequencies will differ from each other. This becomes a big problem in the production of homeopathic medicines. It is known that many producers replace the ethanol of low potencies by water until two steps before the desired potency level.Then the water is replaced again at the end by ethanol. This means that finally only pure water is potentised.The bigger molecule of ethanol binds the photons because of its bigger magnetic affinity. This is not the case with water with its much smaller magnetic affinity. The photons are probably created in low and high potencies by the succussion steps by an energy called Lorentz force. The produced photons magnetically bound to the carrier substances, water, ethanol and saccharose globules, have higher affinities for bigger molecules1–3. All photons of ethanolic dilutions are transferred to saccharose globules3, which is confirmed by the Lenger’s experiments3. The separation of the photons3 from their carrier substance has been proved by measuring the potency levels using Lenger’s two methods1–3. A distinct magnetic resonance frequency field separates the photons from their carrier substance2 and the number of photons is characteristic for each potency level1,3. The stability of remedies increases with the increasing molecule size of their carrier3,13. Photons The production of photons, E = hѵ (Max Planck), from matter substance by succussion is explainable only by Einstein’s equation, E = mc2, describing that matter changes into energy and energy changes into matter, which can be seen as a compressed electromagnetic wave. Both equations can be equalised to the formula:

hѵ = mc2

where h is Planck’s constant, c light velocity, ѵ frequency, m mass; frequency and mass are only variables. Two hundred years ago, Hahnemann proposed the method to change matter into energy by the production of remedies and vice versa. Healing by taking remedies means helping the body to create a new healthy matter. Provings Healthy volunteers took a special remedy (e.g. C200) of a substance several times. They reported about the proving symptoms of the body and mind11,12 with opposite symptoms, indicating a stimulation or an inhibition of biochemical pathways, which may depend on the different congenital diseases of the volunteers. The used remedies, which are produced by different methods, containing different nanoparticles causing side effects7–10 will lead to non-comparable results. If the remedies are produced according to only one of the methods of the HAB4 and in glass vessels, the proving symptoms will then be comparable with each other. In provings, enzymes are stimulated or inhibited, which shows the poisoning. Homeopaths neglect the toxicology, indicating which biochemical pathways are attacked and laboratory values are assuring that. It would give more credibility to homeopathy if more laboratory values would be included. Provings with highly potentised remedies mean a poisoning due to magnetic frequencies attacking the same biochemical pathways being attacked by the mother substance, finally changing the frequencies. Homeopathic treatment Often psychological problems cause a chronic illness. Only one similar




water and ethanol. Another method describes that after the second potentising steps, ethanol is replaced by water. The two required last potencies are potentised in ethanol again6. In some countries homeopathic remedies are produced in water5. Medicated saccharose globules4 are produced by pouring the desired ethanolic potency onto pure saccharose globules. Tablets are manufactured by dilution and trituration of a dry substance in Saccharum lactis4.

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remedy determined according to the Law of Similars is enough for curing all diseases of the body and consciousness. This remained as a “holy law” for homeopathic doctors.Later on Hahnemann used even five remedies for one patient14. He told that the chronic diseases will increase with time. He did not know the biochemical substrates, enzymes and inhibitors of a living organism. He produced homeopathic remedies derived from natural sources. It is difficult to determine similar remedies for the patient’s psychological symptoms. Today laboratory values and other medical investigations would be helpful in controlling the illness and the healing and also in indicating which disease the patient has and which biochemical pathways are pathologic. To find the similar remedies, Lenger15 combined the homeopathic laws with biochemical pathways. According to Einstein’s and Max Planck’s equation, body and mind is one, an electromagnetic wave packet. Therefore, it is not necessary to differentiate between a psychological or a physical symptom. More important is only to find characteristic symptoms of body and/or mind. On the basis of Schüßler’s biochemistry and Harisch’s experiments16,17, Lenger developed a biochemical homeopathic therapy: substrates, inhibitors and enzymes in high potencies cured the pathological pathways of the patients15 and the laboratory values became normal. Sequences of biochemical homeopathic remedies in high Korsakovian potencies of the affected biochemical pathways had to be applied, for example each second day not only one C/D200 in a month, till the laboratory values became normal. The patients get ill by going through different states like going down an energetic staircase, where

each step means a state of an illness and needs one homeopathic remedy for healing. The patients show the last symptom picture of their chronic disease, mixed with symptoms of the illnesses between. Thus, different remedies are necessary for curing such patients15 climbing up the staircase to their healthy state using remedies involved in the pathological pathways. The photons of the biochemical substances, which help curing, are the original similar remedies. It is known that enzymes need a lot of energy to perform the enzymatic reactions. Photons enhance the rea ction energy on higher energy levels of the atoms. Förster18 said that each chemical reaction works on a higher energy level by uptake of energy by resonance. A living body consists of electromagnetic frequencies. The homeopathic remedies have freque ncies in the megahertz region, where cells and enzymes are working19. Therefore, if the Law of Similars is fulfilled, the homeopathic remedies as photons are working by resonance, there are two possibilities: to remove the incorrect frequency of the pathway or to enhance its amplitude. This underlines that the same remedy is able to cure an ill stimulation or an ill inhibition of the pathological pathways. Homeopathy is an electromagnetic regulation therapy. Today there are a number of patients having poisoning symptoms, for example caused by medicaments or by electrosmog; psychological symptoms cannot be detected. This is a state similar to a proving. Later on psychological symptoms will develop. The symptoms of the body will be checked and the remedies will be given, healing simultaneously the psychological symptoms developed. Chronic diseases Psora, sycosis and syphilis (Lues) are the chronic inherited diseases. Many homeopaths tried to explain them.

Ortega20 and Klein21 gave a more scientific explanation. In former times, these three diseases were epidemics on the earth. Slowly these illnesses had been adapted in the genetic material, according to Darwin: Psora, translated Leprosy, including lepromatous and tuberculoid parts caused by Mycobacterium leprae and is transferred to the gene. People will get diseases similar to Lepra or tuberculosis. Sycosis means that people will get diseases similar to gonorrhoeae or to an illness of Chlamydiae. Syphilis caused by Treponema pallidum means that people will get diseases similar to syphilis. A biochemical explanation arranges the remedies in the following way: substrates are psoric remedies, inhibitors are sycotic remedies, and lethal inhibitors and trace elements are syphilitic remedies. Ortega20 said that each symptom picture of a remedy has symptoms of all three chronic diseases depending on the size of their parts. If the psoric part is very big, then it is a psoric remedy; if the sycotic part is bigger, then it is a sycotic remedy and so on. Lenger developed sequences of biochemical remedies involved in the pathological pathways: paralyses of nerve synapses need Naja trip as syphilitic remedy, Atropinum purum as a sycotic remedy and Acetylcho linum as a psoric remedy15.

Research Clinical trials A number of publications describing clinical trials22–24 are available. It is not possible to find out if they used ethanolic or aqueous remedies, but it is obvious that many are not reproducible and not able to prove homeopathy22–24. Only few trials with verified by laboratory values do exist; Mostly the proof is that one symptom was cured by one remedy, which is confirmed subjectively by the patient. If there had been a strong update of laboratory values and other investigations to control the




Critical review

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healing, it would be believable and underline the credibility of homeopathic clinical trials.

Biochemical and biophysical trials A number of biochemical and biophysical experiments25–28 using homeopathic remedies are available. Here also the same problem exists, as mentioned with aqueous or ethanolic remedies. Thus it is easy to understand that some trials gave good evidence-based results and some not. Secondly, Ives et al.9 used healthy enzymes and aqueous remedies in their homeopathic, biochemical experiments. There are two drawbacks. Healthy enzymes have a chance to go into a stimulation or an inhibition state in a ratio of 50:50 under a homeopathic remedy, a so-called proving had been done simultaneously creating the opposite symptoms. In these experiments there is no statistical relevance. The enzymes must be stimulated or inhibited or being in an ill state, so that the investigated enzyme is forced to react only into one direction, to its healthy state by uptaking the remedies’ photons for obtaining its conformational change of DNA polymerase I by resonance29. Biophysical investigations of remedies by UV spectroscopy26 have been carried out and fluorescence emission spectra10 are interpreted as spectra of nanoparticles. The photons of remedies can only be proved by magnetic resonance methods, for example by Tesla coils2 or by NMR30. In general, the electromagnetic and magnetic fields have increasingly become important in biological systems31–33. Living systems emit different patterns of photons in different states34, hereby underlining that a living organism changes its emitted photon pattern in ill states. Homeopathic remedies with suitable frequencies are able to attenuate them and create a healthy state again.

Biophysical model of homeopathic function A living organism is a compact electromagnetic wave with frequencies in a broad spectrum. In a d iseased state, its frequency pattern will change developing pathological pathways. Healing occurs by the uptake of suitable remedies. The photons of homeopathic remedies are separated from their carrier substance, water, ethanol or saccharose by their magnetic frequency. The magnetic field with distinct frequencies of the pathological pathway attacks the photons with the same frequency from the carrier substance and act by resonance: either by attenuating the disease-causing frequencies or by stimulating the amplitude.

Conclusion

It is necessary to develop Lenger’s methods—Teslacoils and delayed luminescence measured by a photomultiplier—to perform quality controls of homeopathic remedies produced in water and ethanol. The manufacturing of homeopathic remedies should be restricted to only one original method in the HAB and to the application of only glass vessels to avoid different sorts of nanoparticles to assure the reproducibility of provings, symptom pictures, clinical trials, and biochemical and biophysical research. It is required that provings and homeopathic treatments of patients are controlled by laboratory values and other medical investigations under consideration of toxicology and biochemistry.

Abbreviation list

HAB, Homöopathisches Arzneibuch

References

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Critical review