Zootaxa 3527: 79–82 (2012) www.mapress.com / zootaxa/ Copyright © 2012 · Magnolia Press
ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition)
Correspondence
ZOOTAXA ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition)
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:D529F2D7-8E68-42BC-8ADB-9BD1A59EB334
Description of the male, redescription of the female and new records of Odo patricius Simon, 1900 (Araneae: Zoridae) ANDRES TAUCARE-RIOS1 & ANTONIO D. BRESCOVIT 1
Departamento de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Arturo Prat, Casilla 121, Iquique, Chile. E-mail:
[email protected] Laboratório Especial de Coleções Zoológicas, Instituto Butantan, Av. Vital Brasil, 1500, 05503-900, São Paulo, SP, Brasil. E-mail:
[email protected] 2
The family Zoridae (F.O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1893) is currently represented by 14 genera and 79 species distributed worldwide (Platnick, 2012), of which only the genera Xenoctenus Mello-Leitão, 1938 and Odo Keyserling, 1887 are present in Americas. Xenoctenus is represented by four species, all endemic to Argentina, while Odo has, so far, a total of 27 species distributed in Central America, South America, West Indies and Australia (Platnick, 2012). The type species of Odo is O. lenis Keyserling, 1887, a specimen female described from Nicaragua. The genus Odo has never been revised and given its wide distribution and number of species, it is probably a polyphyletic genus and a complete revision is required. Also, no new material of O. lenis or O. patricius has been described since 1900. As a result of a series of collections by the first author in recent years in the Tarapaca Region of northern Chile, several specimens from one species of the genus Odo were collected. To date, the only species described from Chile is Odo patricius Simon, 1900 and this species was easily identified by illustrations of the type and specimens provided by Dr. Diana Silva. Odo patricius was described by Simon (1900: 53) based on a brief description of shape the female epigynum: “Plaga genitalis ovato transversa, rufula, antice, in medio profunde et obtuse emarginata, utrinque rotunda et foveolata, in medio processu lato, arcuato, leviter canaliculato, apicem versus leviter ampliato et obtuso divisa”. There has not been any subsequent reference of this species in Chile. Thus, the objective of this study is to characterize correctly this species, presenting the redescription of female, the first description of male and in addition to provide data on the natural history and new records of distribution. Measurements, in millimeters, were made using a Leica S6E stereoscopic microscope with an ocular micrometer with a linear scale. The spination was described according to Petrunkevitch (1925). The nomenclature for female genitalia was proposed by Sierwald (1989) and that for structures of the male palp by Coddington (1990). Abbreviations used in the text are: ALE anterior lateral eyes; AME anterior median eyes; PLE posterior lateral eyes; PME; posterior median eyes, RTA, retrolateral apophysis of the tibia of the palp. The material examined is deposited in the following collections with curators in parenthesis: IBSP, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo (D.M.Barros Battesti); AMNH, American Museum of Natural History, New York (N.I. Platnick); CAS, California Academy of Sciences, California (C. Griswold); MNHNC, Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Chile, Santiago (M. Elgueta).
Taxonomy Family Zoridae F.O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1893 Genus Odo Keyserling, 1887 Diagnosis. Species of Odo can be separated from other Neotropical Zoridae by the distinctive tegular process, which almost extends to the embolic apex (Fig. 3, see also Silva 2003, fig. 18a) in the male palp. These processes appear to have at least two independent origins, as they are found in species of Odo (Silva 2003) and Zorocratidae (Griswold et al., 1999).
Accepted by C. Vink: 21 Sept. 2012; published: 26 Oct. 2012
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Odo patricius Simon Figs 1–6 Odo patricius Simon, 1900: 53 (Female holotype from Las Palmas, Valparaíso, Chile, deposited in National Museum of Histoire Naturelle, Paris, examined and illustrated by Diana Silva). Material examined: PERU: Departament of Arequipa: Arequipa: Capac, near Chala (15°51'57"S, 74°14'49"W), 200 m, 9.XII.1951, Weyrauch & Exline col., 1male, 1 female, 4 juv. (CAS); Sul of Cocachacra (17°05'38"S , 71°45'52"W) SW Arequipa, 500 m, 6.VIII.1977, L. Peña col., 1female , 1 juv. (AMNH). CHILE: Arica y Parinacota Region. Arica Province: Arica (18°28'43"S, 70°18'19"W), 14 m, M. Ferru col., 1juv. (MHNS); Parinacota Province: 2 km S Zapahuira (18°16'S, 69°35'W), 3420 m, 3.II.1994, Platnick, Catley & Calderon col., 1 male , 1 female, (AMNH); Tarapacá Region: Iquique Province: Cerro Guanacos (20°10'60"S, 70° 04'W), 5-VII-10, 2 males juv. (MNHNS); Punta Gruesa (20°15’S ;70°00’W), 10.V.2011, 7 m, A. Taucare-Rios col., 1male , 1 female (MNHNS). Tamarugal Province: Canchones, Pampa del Tamarugal (20°26'60"S, 69°37'W), 7.XI.2010, 1001 m, 1 male , 1 female, A. Taucare-Rios col. (IBSP 161856; 161857); Pozo Almonte, Pampa del Tamarugal (20º12'66"S, 69º47'49''W), 1047 m, 10/VII/2012, 1 male, A.D. Brescovit, A.J. Santos & A. Taucare-Rios col. (IBSP 161852); Pozo Almonte, La Tirana, Pampa del Tamarugal, (20°19'75''S, 69°42'3''W), 1023 m, 10/VII/2012, 2 females, A.D. Brescovit, A.J. Santos & A. Taucare-Rios col. (IBSP 161853); Altos de Pica, 20.V.2012, 2 juv. (20°20'57"S, 69°00'19"W), 3.000m; Berenguela (19°15'14"S, 69°11'07"W), 3774 m, 18.XII.2010, M.R. de Gamboa col. 1 juv. (MNHNS); Huara, Reserva Nacional Pampa del Tamarugal (19º46 '96''S, 69º51'17''W), 1148 m, 11.VII.2012, 4 females, A.D. Brescovit, A.J. Santos & A. Taucare-Rios col. (IBSP 161854 –161855). Diagnosis. Odo patricius can be distinguished from other species by the male palp, which has short and conical RTA, acute at the apex (Figs 3–4). The female epigynal plate has a narrow atrium with posterior extensions that are very elongated and enlarged at tip (Fig. 5), and small and rounded spermathecae (Fig. 6).
FIGURES 1–2. Odo patricius Simon, 1900, male and female from Canchones, Chile. 1. Male habitus, dorsal view. 2. Female, dorsal view. Scale bars = 3 mm.
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FIGURES 3-6 . Odo patricius Simon, 1900, male and female from Canchones, Chile. Left male palpus: 3. Ventral view; 4. prolateral view. 5. Epigynum, ventral view; 6. dorsal view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm. Abbreviations: AB, accessory bulb; CD , copulatory ducts; E, embolus; STP, sclerotised tegular process at embolic base.
Description. Male (Canchones, IBSP 161856). Total length: 12.4. Carapace length: 6.5. Colouration: grayishbrown carapace, with two reddish-brown bands and marginally with six small brown spots. Eye diameters: AME 0.17; ALE 0.12; PME 0.24; PLE 0.25; interdistances: AME-AME 0.04; PME-PME 0.07; AME-PME 0.06; ALE-PLE 0.12. Chelicerae reddish brown, with brownish setae. Sternum and coxae brown, labium and endites reddish brown, with weak scopulae . Legs red brownish dorsally and ventrally with dark rings on femora, patella and tibia. Abdomen yellow-gray back dorsally, with small brown spots, venter gray (Fig.1). Spinnerets brownish. Chelicerae: promargin with three
DESCRIPTION AND REDESCRIPTION OF ODOPATRICIUS
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equidistant denticles, distal tooth smallest; retromargin with two denticles, one large and one small. Leg formula 4123. Leg spination: femur I: p1-1-1-1 (the first small), d1-1-0 , r1-1-1-1; II: d1-1, p1-1-1,r1-1-1-1; III: d1-1, p1-1-1-1, r1-11-1; IV: d1-1-1, p1-1-1-0 (the first very small), r1-1-1-1 ; patellae I: p1, r1 ; II: p1, r0; III: p0, r0 ;IV: p1,r1; tibia I: d1-1, p1-1-1, v2-2-2, r1-1-0-0; II: d1-1, p1-1, r1-1 , v2-2; III: d1-1-1, p1-1, v2-2-1, r1-1-1; metatarsus I: d1-1, p1-1, v2-1-1, r11-1; II: p1-1, r1-1, v2-2; III: d1-1-1, p1-1-1.v2-2, r1-1-1; IV: d1-1, p1-1-1, r1-1-0, v2-2. Tarsus and metatarsus escopulate. Palpus: tibia with large lateral spines (Figs 3–4); retrolateral tibial apophysis short with conical tip; cymbium elongated distally; tegular projection long and rounded distally; median apophysis large and rounded at tip. Embolus short, prolaterally disposed with enlarged basal projection (Fig. 4). Female (Canchones, IBSP 161857). Total length: 15.5. Carapace length: 7.5. Colouration as in male, except abdomen gray-brown with a pattern of irregular dark spots (Fig. 2). Carapace with recumbent hairs, abundant on the dorsal side between the eye area and the thoracic fovea, with hair reaching to the AME. Eyes: diameters: AME 0.15; ALE 0.12; PME 0.25; PLE 0.26; interdistances: AME-AME 0.05; PME-PME 0.07; AME-PME 0.07; ALE-PLE 0.10. Chelicerae as in male. Leg formula as in male. Leg spination: femur I: d1-1-0, p1-1-0, r1-1-1-1; II: d2-2-1-2, III: d2-2-2, p1-1-1-1, IV: d1-1-1, p1-1-1, r1-1-1-1; patellae I: p1, r1; II: p1,r0; III: p0, r0; IV: p1, r1; tibia I: p2-2-1, r2-2-1, v2-2-2; II: d1, p1-1, r1-1, v1-1; III: d1-1-1, r1-0, v1-1-1; IV: d2-1-1, p1-0, r-2-2; metatarsus I: p1 (proximal very long), r1 (idem); II: p2-1-0, v2-2-1; III: p1-1-1, r1-0-1, v1-1-1; IV: d1-0-1, p1-1-1, v1-1-1, r1-0-1. Tarsus and metatarsus escopulated as in male. Epigynal plate with narrow atrium, with two lateral elongated side edges (Fig. 5). Internally with long and large copulatory ducts; spermathecae with sinuous borders; single fertilization ducts with small lateral sides glands (Fig. 6). Natural History. Odo patricius lives associated with Tillandsia spp. (Bromeliaceae) in the mountain coast, under stones on beaches and in Prosopis tamarugo (Fabaceae) forest in the north of Chile. Specimens have been collected manually on soil and with pitfalls traps. They are found from sea level to altitudes above 3700 m. Distribution. South American, from central to north Chile and southern Peru.
Acknowledgments We thank Diana Silva for the loan of her illustrations of the type of O. patricius and material for study. Thanks to Martin Ramirez for critical comments on the manuscript. Finally, we thank Robert Raven and an anonymous reviewer for their thorough evaluation and constructive recommendations for improving this manuscript. This study was supported by “Conselho Nacional do Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico” (CNPq grant 301776/2004-0) and Fapesp (grant 2011/50689-0) to the second author.
References Coddington, J.A. (1990). Ontogeny and homology in the male palpus of orb-weaving spiders and their relatives, with comments on phylogeny (Araneoclada: Araneoidea, Deinopoidea). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 496, 1–52. Griswold, C.E., Coddington, J.A., Platnick, N.I. & Forster, R.R. (1999) Towards a phylogeny of entelegyne spiders (Araneae, Araneomorphae, Entelegynae). Journal of Arachnology, 27, 53–63. Petrunkevitch, A. (1925). Arachnida from Panama. Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences, 27, 51–248. Platnick, N.I. (2012). The World Spider Catalog. Version 13.0. American Museum of Natural History. http://research.amnh.org/entomology/spiders/catalog/ (assessed 10.IX.2012). Silva, D. (2003). Higher-level relationships of the spider family Ctenidae (Araneae: Ctenoidea). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 274, 1–86. Simon, E. (1900). Liste des arachnides recueillis par M. Ch. E. Porter en 1898-1899 et descriptions d'espèces nouvelles. Revista Chilena de Historia Natural, 4, 49–55. Sierwald, P. (1989). Morphology and Ontogeny of female copulatory organs in American Pisauridae, with special reference to homologous features. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 484, 1–24.
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