Development of a mini UAV from telemetry to teleoperation - SEE

1 downloads 0 Views 412KB Size Report
civilian uses of UAVs fall into movie filming, fire fighting, remote surveying or ..... 6. Acknowledgments. The authors would like to thank Bingwei Su, Joan Sola,.
!

"# "$% & '(") % *& " " ( & ' " " " + ", ( & ' "" " - ( %" %( & " ( . /&( 0 %( , % (( & ' "" " - ( , & " " ( + % . /&( % (% & , ( %" ( ((" ( ( / %( & " ( % , " / " .% % " .( & (% , % ( ( %( ( % &" ( & %1 ( 0 -, & , % ( '( ".% % . /&( 2 % ( ! (

"

%

*&

(

( %-

%(

%

( "( /( & ( ( %- - ( ( ( # & 5 / ( & % ( .. -) !

" #

$

( %- - ( 6

& " " . (%" ( ' "" " - ( ( &( ' ( + % % . /&( % (% & %( / % " / ( . " %" ( ( " " ((" & - ( &, 0/ %

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

Ω 3 M3 +

ω3 + = ω3 +

,M



ε3 + = ε3 +

# )



,( &

−+3

−% 3

;

% 3

−+3

+3

−% 3

;

% 3

+3

; Ω3 =

3



3



3 3

., + (

"% ( & ' '

ε

( ((

( &

# ) ( & ( ( & ( ((" # ( ((" .' "% ( ( .2 ".% 2 % " .2 ".% ) . %%.( 2 % " + (% ( & %. % C?" (% % . % ( .% + (% ( % / ". %( & ( ((" ( % ( % /&( . %, %" " (" %' "& % ( & B?" (% . / % %( . % (% / %#%( . (% .' "- .% % ( ( .2 " .% 2% " ' "- .% ) & (( (% & "%.( . / (" , ( & ""( (( ε ,& & ( ( & /-% (% 0 %" / / ( & = . (%, ( (3 ( ( ( ." (%' , #, ( & ' %( %% " /( & (() "( ' > ,&( ,( & % M & % ( " . , .% ( &

(&& + ) +

=

= Ω +ε + = +

#B)

,& % = !

+

= !

!(

!(

− − +

!



!(

!

) )

!



!(

)

+ !

+ −

!



!(

)

!



) )



!(

!

+ !



!

+

!

( & ( % .% ( ( %2#.% .2 ".% ( ' ") " % (" ( ( & + (% ( & + ( (( ( & (% . ( &% % (% ( ( & + ( ' ( & % ( & (" ( ( & %( & /% ( - N 9; ; JA : " ( ( & .( %( & & 4 (% ./% ( -6 &% ( & ( ( & (( & %( " "% ( . ( ( & (% . ( &% / %%( % ( & ( & /- .( & /-% (% # ( ) 3 ( & %( ( ( %(% ( & "%.(ε + ( %( ( " (' ( (" & ( % ( (% ( & ( &% ( . %( &4 / ( . " ( & (% . %( &4 / ( . " %( & .% #, ( & % %( ' %( ) ( & % ( " (' > ,&( ., "% " ( & ( % ( (% " ( & + ( ' ' .% ' ( % ( 3

"

#

#C)

( 1 (/ ( & 2( " "= 3 ( & ' ( ( ( .I # &

0 (% + ( ( &( ' % ( 3 "3D %

; & ( " ( ( ((" / ( & &- ( & % /. /&( ETTC 2005 – European test & Telemetry Conference

/ " ( %

( ( .( & ( (( % .%

, + (

(("

,

" %' & % ( & ,%( ( )

/ %( &

( &

R R

( (( & %" (" (( ( ( $ = $ #H) ( (( & % ( %2 2( % ( ' = % &'&% + #@) ( B (( & = / %% " /( ( & %% . % (E

θR

( )

(

)



* = ' & ( & ( &'& ( + )( #O) ( & ?( & . ( %2 )( ( & ?( & ( . ( ( %2 ) & ( % / ( ( & () " / ( &( % ( % %% ("P, ( ( & (( & ( ( ( %2 % '( % % "( & % ( ' - &% ( C (( & % ( %2 " ( ' = ' − * & ( &' #A) ( H ( ( & (( ( ( "( , ( & % ("( $ = $ + *&" − # $ #J) ( ,& % "( ( & ?( & % ( % " %% ( -( & 1 ' ( %2 . "#

(

&

( ))

/ %( & ( & (, ( "" % ".% 9B: "9C:

" %' "

0/ %

/ ( (

(

%%

.

%

(Q E

( B

!%

" "

+ .2 &!2 . 2&+

. ,2&3 !! ! &δ +

%

,& % "

%

+ +& + ϕ

/ / %%(

# ;)

(& / %%(

(% " ( " (. " (( θ ψ ϕ %

(&

/ & " / / "% / / & -, / - ' "1 (" '- ( & ( % .% / / ' -( , ( % %' % ' B ( % ," / & %. % %( ((" ( % , ' '( "'- /( & " ."% δ = 9 #θ − θ ) − : # ) δ = 9 #ϕ − ϕ ) − : ,& % % ( % % (% ( / % ( % " %" ( ((" .( & /& ' ", "( & "θ ϕ ! * BB ?8 / " & .( & / " -( ( ( % ( & & " / .( & ! * "( ( % ( & (% ( '( , ( ( %1 (%- " " %" ( %1 (%- ,& ( & ! * 3 %( & /&( & ( & / " -( " 4 5(56 #74(8 4 77 45 4 7 (5(78 785 74 " # (8 & ((" & " / ( % & %% % ." %" " ( & /&( ( % " "( ( & (& / ( % ( ((( ( & ((" & " / ( % (%( . ( " "( (( & 2 . . "' 3 (% & %. % ( & ". ( " . (%, 4( 2 " ( ( ( & ((" & " / ( % , δ = 9 #θ − θ ) − : # ) + # 5#9 − 9; ) ,& % 9 " ( ( & ( & /&( .( & ! *P 9 ; %"& /&( P 5 #•) " ( (%( . ( / ( % / / "( & (% " ( '( , % %". /&(( %1 (%' ( % "'- "1 ( / / / " ( & " (% / " , '( " (%( . ( " & % . %( & % ((" & " / ( % & & " / ( % , δ = 9 #ϕ − ϕ ) − : # B) + ψ 5 #ψ −ψ ) + ∆: 5 #∆: )

( H

&

ϕR

,-&! 1&- &δ +

( & " 7 " 7 " "" ( & % '

( C

"

R R

+ + . - &/ . 0&-- + & + + θ

,& % ∆: "

'

+ ( .( & ! * "% / ( % /&( . /&( "( + ( .( & . /&( (( & ' %( % /( & " ( " %" % - (

( ( &

(% " (

%% %

(

B

( & % " (. "

& ( % ( %( ( %

. ! * (2( & .%(

ETTC 2005 – European test & Telemetry Conference

'

%& " " / % / ( % " (, ( %" " ( &

% " ( ( ( &% /& ( & ( % , #" / " " ' / (") ,& &, ,( & %(%( / &/& %" % # ((" " & " /) " ( % ( & . /&( & " (" ,( &( & " ( & (( & %( & %(% %" ( & " ( (( %(% % (( & % 2 ' ( & " ( (( 3 . % .2 "( %(% ( ( " /% 9@: & .. ( . ( & ( (3 2 ( ' + (( -% % ("'-( & . , /0 / % B #

"6 -

(& %

? ' "" " (% , ( &% " (( &%, B8 & "

. /

* ,

% #

, / ( & .( & "( ( -

& ( , .%( "% ( , / ' "" " % " % " % / , % ( (" . /&( B8 , /& ' ( (" ( & ' %(%- " ' / (" 2 % ( / % ( ,( & "..% (( % / ' / " (" %" % ( ( '1 ( " '1 ( -"..% (( %( ./ %(

Perfect Robot

'

% % ( (""

"

(( /

-

-( ( %" . -( (" ( > ( %1 (%- 2 ( & 0/ % H

" ( & ' ( %-( " % /% . /&( . . /&(

" 5 "

"

&%) +

* * ,

" % /( & ( %(% , %. % %( .( & (3 # ( % /&( . %, %" . /&( ) % % ( -# ( ((" 8 / " ) & %(% ' %" %" %( 2 ( % & ( (" (3 & ' % ( & ' // ( %( & J;S .& % ( .% ( 9H: ( & ( % %( . % ("-. ( & % , / ,& & ' ", ( &( & ". ".2 ", / " %%.( ? "% ( , / ( & ( ( " / ( & /% " 3 /"% (- (( & ! * ? ' "" " % , / ( & ( ( & "( ( % (( &% /& ' "" " % ,& & ' " % ( ( & ! *# % " %( & %%.( .% ( .# 0 / % C) %' 3 .( & % %T ) (( & /% " ( & " ' % % % 8& " ("" -

"

.%0#1

"

2

& %

(( .( & ( ((" ( ( / %( & (" ( , " (" & ( ((" , 5" % ( , ( & O75%.% & (%( # 0 / % @) ( & ' %(%-

"

3%/

&

4

( & ( & %& " 0 / % O & , ( & %/ .( & / %( & -( & /-% (% ( (# E$ ) "%, ' ( % (% " / ( % % "" ( ( & / %( & ( & (( & /-% ( ( ( (%" (;

"

(%

! ETTC 2005 – European test & Telemetry Conference

(

%( + ( .( & . /&( % (% , " ( ( ( ( & %%.( 4 ( ((" ( &% /& 2( " " = 0 (% 6 ( & ( %" " ." " .( & %%.( " ( " / ( & ( ((" " /( ( % , & ( ( ( ( ( -, (% "" / % ( %( " %( ,& % , % (" ( & & %(% % ( & "( ( % (( &% /& ' "" " % & ( ( %- ( , ( (" % . /&( " % " " / " % ( (& ' "( ( " "( ( & ( ((" ( ( / %( & 0 -, .% " ( & (( ' ( ( % ( & ! * ( & ( ( ( & (( & %(% ( ("% (/ ' "" " % & . (% , %3 ( & %1 ( , & 5 ( & (( . ( /( " %(% % ( &% /& 2 % ( / % ! * ( ,( & "..% (( % / %" %( ( '1 ( " '1 ( - "..% ( ( %( ./ %(

3

*

"

&

"

7%

"

"

' (B; . %/ %- ( ( ( ( & /-% "%.( ( & ( (" / %%( ( &( %/ ( ; E$ .(%B; (BA ., D$ LJ;E% (( % " /( & ( &% 2 "( & ( ((" + (% ( ("

( &% , " 3 ( ( & 3 /, U % ( 5 " ( & > 5 5 .% ( & % %( ( " %( . % ( & %1 ( & 3 , "/ U > % " . %& %( " %(

3 / [1]

9:

9B:

9C:

"

8%9

& % ( ( % ( &% /& ' "" " % , " (" " " (" 0 / % A ( %( ( & ( , .( & "( ( % ( % . /&( , % % 5" / ( & % ( , / ./ %( " " (" ( & % ( , / -( ( % /&( " . /&((% " " /, % %% (- 2 ("

U % 0 8 %32 0 & / V' 7;5 6 (448 6 5 ( 765( 78 W + " 1 % < ! % "% % " / ( ' % ;;B %% %% U %" ?> ' V 7 68 (8( ? @A 'B CBW U % < " 8 (% "4 ( (+ % " / U ;;B 5 = V 7 8 D8 5( 4 8 C 5 44 (5 E ( 5(78 C: 5 = W ! ? ? ?JC? H % / ! %( - ((' %/& JJC >%, ! 6 "%, V 47 4 '7 (5(78(8 C: 5 = D8 5( 4 E ( 5(78 8 D85 5(78W U & 6 " , %3 ;;

9H:

U V 4 8 ( 5 47 65787=76 7 #( 4 W % 8 %( ( . ( ( " -( 7 3 %( - . & /- ;;

9@:

! = " ! ( ( / , % VF 47 = 85 7 8 D== ( 47 5(8 C: 5 = 7 ?8= 88 9 4( 7 5 W % " / . (& ;; ( 6 %3 & '( " 7 (% ( ( % > % - ;;

3 ' & %.%(" %' " ( & ! (% "# "$% " ( .% &

" & '(") - ( .%

" .% % *& ( ( %-(

ETTC 2005 – European test & Telemetry Conference

5(78 7 =( %( ?AC CO & /-