(Diptera, Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae) in the ...

© EUROASIAN ENTOMOLOGICAL JOURNAL, 2009

Евразиатский энтомол. журнал 8(4): 421–428

New data on the taxonomy and distribution of Tokunagaia Sæther (Diptera, Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae) in the Russian Far East Íîâûå äàííûå ïî òàêñîíîìèè è ðàñïðîñòðàíåíèþ õèðîíîìèä ðîäà Tokunagaia Sæther (Diptera, Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae) ðîññèéñêîãî Äàëüíåãî Âîñòîêà E.A. Makarchenko, M.A. Makarchenko Å.À. Ìàêàð÷åíêî, Ì.À. Ìàêàð÷åíêî Institute of Biology and Soil Sciences, Russian Academy of Sciences, Far East Branch, 100 let Vladivostoku ave. 159, Vladivostok 690022 Russia. E-mail: [email protected]. Биолого-почвенный институт ДВО РАН, просп. 100 лет Владивостоку 159, Владивосток 690022 Россия.

Key words: Diptera, Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae, Tokunagaia, new species, Russian Far East. Ключевые слова: Diptera, Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae, Tokunagaia, новые виды, российский Дальний Восток. Abstract. Two new species of Tokunagaia Sæther, T. interdicta Makar. et Makar., sp.n., T. singula Makar. et Makar., sp.n., are described and figured as males from Amur River basin of the Russian Far East. The descriptions of the pupa and larva of T. oleantoni Makar. et Makar. and pupa of T. parexcellens Tuiskunen are presented for the first time. Diagnoses of the pupa of T. scutellata (Brundin) and of the preimaginal stages of T. kibunensis (Tokunaga) are made. A key to the pupae of the genus for the Russian Far East is provided. Резюме. Приведены описания самцов двух новых для науки видов рода Tokunagaia Sæther, T. interdicta Makar. et Makar., sp.n. и T. singula Makar. et Makar., sp.n., первоописания куколки и личинки T. oleantoni Makar. et Makar., куколки T. parexcellens Tuiskunen по материалам из бассейна р. Амур российского Дальнего Востока. Также даны диагнозы куколки малоизвестного вида T. scutellata (Brundin) и преимагинальных стадий развития T. kibunensis (Tokunaga). Составлена определительная таблица для куколок дальневосточных видов рода Tokunagaia.

Introduction The genus Tokunagaia Sæther, 1973 was erected for Spaniotoma (Orthocladius) kibunensis Tokunaga, 1939, previously placed in Adactylocladius Sæther by Sæther [1969]. Now this genus includes about 45 Palaearctic species, mostly from Japan, 7 species are known from China and 11 species are recognized for the Russian Far East [Sæther et al., 2000; Yamamoto, 2004; Liu, Wang, 2006; Makarchenko, Makarchenko, 2006, 2007]. Only 3 species are recorded from Nearctic region [Oliver et al., 1990]. In present paper we are describing from Amur River basin males of a new species T. interdicta sp.n., T. singula sp.n., and for the first time pupa and larva of T. oleantoni Makar. et Makar., pupa of T. parexcellens

Tuiskunen. Also diagnosis of the pupa of little-known species T. scutellata (Brundin) and of the preimaginal stages of T. kibunensis (Tokunaga) are adduced. A key to pupae of the genus Tokunagaia for the Russian Far East is provided.

Materials and Methods The morphological nomenclature follows Sæther [1980]. Material at first was fixed by 70 % ethanol or Odemans solution, later mounted on slides following the procedure outlined by Makarchenko [1985]. Holotypes and paratypes of a new species described in this paper are deposited in the Institute of Biology and Soil Sciences, Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia (IBSS FEB RAS).

Taxonomy Tokunagaia interdicta Makarchenko et Makarchenko, sp.n. Figs 1–2.

Material. Holotype: #, Prosiolochnaya River, Lazovsky

Nature Reserve, Primorye Territory, Russian Far East, 22.V.2007, leg. O. Zorina. Paratype: 1#, the same data as holotype.

Etymology. The name of this species arises from Latin interdicta = protected (in nature reserve). Description. Male imago (n=2). Total length 2.3–3.2 mm. Total length/wing length 1.22–1.50. Coloration dark brown. Head. Eyes naked, with short wedge-shaped elongation. Temporal setae including 7–9 verticals and 2–4 postorbitals. Clypeus with 4 setae. Antenna with 13 flagellomeres and well developed plume; AR 1.32–1.40. Lengths (µm) of palpomeres — 33 : 60–65 : 90–103 : 98–105 : 158–170. Head width/palp length 1.18–1.29. Thorax. Antepronotum with 2–4 lateral setae. Acrostichals 23–25, about 125 µm long, starting not far from

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antepronotum; dorsocentrals 8–10, prealars 3–4. Scutellum with 11–16 setae. Wing. Typical for genus. Length 1.88–2.10 mm. Anal lobe developed and roundish. Squama with 12–21 setae. R with 3–5 setae, R1 without setae, R4+5 with 2–3 setae in the end. Costal extension 13–25 µm. R 4+5 ending distal of M3+4. Cu1 curved. Legs. BR1 2.2, BR2 2.2, BR3 3.8. Spur of front tibia 53–55 µm long. Spurs of middle tibia 20 µm and 30 µm long, of hind tibia 58 µm and 23 µm long. Hind tibial comb with 11 setae. Length (µm) and proportions of legs as in Table 1.

Hypopygium (Figs 1–2). Tergite IX without anal point and with 10–11 setae in 2 groups. laterosternite IX with 11– 14 setae. Ttransverse sternapodeme 100–108 µm long and good developed oral projections. Virga short, 15–18 µm long, consists of 2 different length setae. Gonocoxite length 203–223 µm. Inferior volsella large, wedge-shaped or triangular. Gonostylus 100 µm long, with lobe in distal part. Megaseta 13–15 µm long. HR 2.03–2.23. Diagnosis. The male of T. interdicta sp.n. is most close related to T. rowensis (Sæther) and can be distinguished from latter by higher AR=1.32–1.40 (T. rowensis AR=0.49–

Figs 1–6. Male imagines of Tokunagaia interdicta sp.n. (1–2) and T. singula sp.n. (3), pupa of T. kibunensis (Tokunaga) (4–6). 1, 3 — total view of hypopygium, from above; 2 — part of hypopygium without tergite IX; 4 — tergite IV; 5 — lateral setae of segment VIII; 6 — tergite VIII and anal segment. Scale bars are as follows: Figs 1–3, 5 — 50 µm, Fig. 4 — 200 µm; Fig. 6 — 100 µm. Ðèñ. 1–6. Èìàãî ñàìåö Tokunagaia interdicta sp.n. (1–2) è T. singula sp.n. (3), êóêîëêà T. kibunensis (Tokunaga) (4–6). 1, 3 —îáùèé âèä ãèïîïèãèÿ, ñâåðõó; 2 — ÷àñòü ãèïîïèãèÿ áåç òåðãèòà IX; 4 — òåðãèò IV; 5 — ëàòåðàëüíûå ùåòèíêè ñåãìåíòà VIII; 6 — òåðãèò VIII è àíàëüíûé ñåãìåíò. Ìàñøòàáíûå ëèíåéêè äëÿ ðèñ. 1–3, 5 — 50 ìêì, ðèñ. 4 –200 ìêì, ðèñ. 6 — 100 ìêì.

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New data on the taxonomy and distribution of Tokunagaia in the Russian Far East Table 1. Length (µm) and proportions of leg segments of Tokunagaia interdicta sp.n., male (n=2) Òàáëèöà 1. Äëèíà ÷ëåíèêîâ íîã (ìêì) è èõ èíäåêñû ñàìöà Tokunagaia interdicta sp.n. (n=2) P

f

t

ta1

ta2

ta3

ta4

ta5

LR

SV

BV

P1

680-740

810-880

480-520

350-390

240-270

150-170

110-130

0.59

3.10-3.11

2.23-2.32

P2

740-750

750-830

360-380

200-230

170-190

110-120

100-120

0.46-0.48

4.14-4.16

2.97-3.19

P3

770-800

850-940

460-540

290-320

220-240

120-130

120-130

0,54

3.22-3.52

2.77-2.78

0.77), more evident crista dorsalis in distal part of gonostylus and by more short virga. Диагноз. Самец T. interdicta sp.n. наиболее близок T. rowensis (Sæther), от которого отличается высокими значениями AR=1,32–1,40 (у T. rowensis AR=0,49–0,77), более развитой в дистальной части гоностиля кристой и короткой виргой. Distribution. Known only from type locality — Prosiolochnaya River, Lazovsky Nature Reserve, Primorye Territory of the Russian Far East.

Tokunagaia kibunensis (Tokunaga, 1939) Figs 4–6. Spaniotoma (Orthocladius) kibunensis Tokunaga, 1939: 318. Adactylocladius kibunensis (Tokunaga); Sæther, 1969: 54. Tokunagaia kibunensis (Tokunaga); Sæther, 1973: 58; Sasa, 1990: 44; Makarchenko, Makarchenko, 2001: 184; 2007: 186.

New material. Russian Far East, Khabarovsk Territory: 3 pupae, 4 larvae, Tatarka River, Ulchsky District, Tatarsky Bay basin, 15.VIII.2006, leg. G. Korotenko. Remarks. Descriptions of the male, pupa and larva were given by Tokunaga [1939] and Sæther [1969], and redescription of male imagines from the Russian Far East was prepared by Makarchenko, Makarchenko [2007]. However, some features of pupa and larva in different populations are variational and we decided to adduce here diagnosis of these stages based on Far-Eastern material. Diagnosis. Pupa (n=3). Total length 2.0–2.7 mm. Cephalothorax. Frontal apotoma with small warts, without setae. Thorax with smooth cover, sometimes with small tubercles. Median antepronotals 2–3, lateral antepronotals 1. Thoracic horn absent. Precorneals length: Pc 1–63–67 µm, Pc2–38–50 µm, Pc3–23 µm. Abdomen. Tergite I without shagreen. Tergites II–V even covered by shagreen. Tergites IV–V with caudal hooklets, number of which on these tergites respectively 30, 35 (Fig. 4). Tergites VI–VIII without caudal hooklets, with shagreen in middle part. Tergite VIII with very tender shagreen and with some rows of spines in posterior part (Fig. 6). Segment I with 1–2 pair of lateral setae; segments II–VII with 3–4 pairs of lateral setae; segment VIII with 3 hair-like and short lateral setae and 1 strong spine-like seta 40–47 µm long (Fig. 5). Anal lobe 140–180 µm long; Anal macrosetae subequal length 132–160 µm. Genital sac of male overreaching anal lobe by 80–120 µm. Fourth instar larva (n=3). Total length 2.9–3.5 mm. Head. Dark-brown. Length 300–375 µm. SI simple. Antenna brownish-yellow. Length of antennal segments (in µm): 50–56 : 16–20 : 10–12 : 8–10 : 4. AR 1.18–1.32. First segment with large ring organ in basal part; laurerborn organ amount middle of 3rd antennal segment; blade of second segment amount to middle part of 4th antennal segment. Premandible brown, with 1 apical tooth. Mandible with 4 dark brown teeth and 2–3 seta-like long molar spines; seta interna branched to 4–5 parts. Mentum with 1 middle tooth and 5 pairs of lateral teeth; middle tooth in 3,5 times wider of first lateral tooth; ventromental plates not so good visible.

Abdomen. Supraanal seta length 50–60 µm. Procercus low, light-yellow, 22 µm long and 20 µm wide, with 6–7 anal setae different length and 2 lateral seta different length. Distribution. East Palaearctic species, known from Japan, the Vrangel Island and Tatarsky Bay basin of Khabarovsk Territory in the Russian Far East.

Tokunagaia oleantoni Makarchenko et Makarchenko, 2007 Figs 7–19. Tokunagaia oleantoni Makarchenko et Makarchenko, 2007: 188.

New material. Russian Far East, Khabarovsk Territory: 3 mature pupae, 1 pupa, 7 larvae, Tatarka River, Ulchsky District, Tatarsky Bay basin, 15.VIII.2006, leg. G. Korotenko. Remarks. This species was described only by male imagines from the Kamchatka Peninsula and the southern part of the Primorye Territory [Makarchenko, Makarchenko, 2007]. We are describing here pupa and larva for the first time. Description. Pupa (n=4). Total length 2.5–3.2 mm. Cephalothorax light brown or brown, abdomen yellowishgreenish, sometimes with tints of blue. Exuvia brownish or brownish-grey. Cephalothorax. Frontal apatoma slightly rugose, without setae and tubercles. Antennal case in basal part with tubercle (Fig. 7). Thorax with rugose or weak rugose cover. Median antepronotals 2, lateral antepronotals 1. Dorsocentrals 4, Dc2 more short and weak than other setae; most long and strong Dc1 and Dc3 setae. Thoracic horn present, 420– 550 µm long, with more wide basal half and narrow distal part (Figs 9–11), which covered by short and thin spinules (Fig. 8). Precorneals length: Pc1–32–65 µm, Pc2–32–65 µm, Pc3–100–125 µm. Pc3 more strong than other precorneals. Abdomen. Tergite I without shagreen. Tergites II–VI with 2–3 rows short sharply triangular spines in anterior part and with 1–2 rows of narrow spines 40–60 µm long. Between anterior and posterior groups of spines these tergites covered by shagreen (Figs 14, 16). Tergites III–V with caudal hooklets, number of which on these tergites respectively 13–17, 14–15, 15–17 (Figs 15–16). Tergites VI–VIII without caudal hooklets. Tergite VII with transverse group small spines in anterior part and more a long spines in posterior part; posterior spines shorter than on tergites II– VI. Tergite VIII only with posterior spines like on tergite VII. Tergites VII–VIII only with tender shagreen in anterior part which not so good visible (Fig. 17). Sternites III–IV with tender shagreen in anterior part and with group of spines in posterior part (Figs 12–13). Sternites VI–VII with caudal hooklets, number of which on these sternites respectively 13–17, 15–19. Segments I–VII with 3–4 hair-like lateral setae 80–108 µm long. Anal macrosetae subequal length 210–220 µm. Genital sac of male overreaching anal lobe by 19–27 µm (Fig. 17). Fourth instar larva (n=5). Total length 3.0–4.2 mm. Coloration of thoracic segments yellowish and abdominal segments bluish-grey or yellowish-blue. Head dark-brown.

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Figs 7–19. Pupa (7–17) and larva (18–19) of Tokunagaia oleantoni Makar. et Makar. 7 — frontal apatoma and basal part of antennal cases with tubercle; 8 — distal part of thoracic horn; 9–11 — thoracic horn; 10 — precorneal setae and thoracic horn; 12 — sternite IV; 13 — group of spines in posterior part of sternite IV; 14 — spines of posterior part of tergite II and anterior part of tergite III; 15 — spines of posterior part of tergite III; 16 — tergites II–IV; 17 — tergites VI–VIII and anal segment; 18 — mentum; 19 — antenna. Scale bars are as follows: Figs 7, 9–12, 16–17 — 200 µm, Figs 8, 13–15 — 50 µm; Figs 18–19 — 20 µm. Ðèñ. 7–19. Êóêîëêà (7–17) è ëè÷èíêà (18–19) Tokunagaia oleantoni Makar. et Makar. 7 — ôðîíòàëüíàÿ àïàòîìà è áàçàëüíàÿ ÷àñòü ÷åõëîâ àíòåíí ñ áóãîðêîì; 8 — äèñòàëüíàÿ ÷àñòü òîðàêàëüíîãî ðîãà; 9–11 — òîðàêàëüíûé ðîã; 10 — ïðåêîíåàëüíûå ùåòèíêè è òîðàêàëüíûé ðîã; 12 — ñòåðíèò IV; 13 — ãðóïïà øèïèêîâ ó çàäíåãî êðàÿ ñòåðíèòà IV; 14 — øèïû çàäíåãî êðàÿ òåðãèòà II è ïåðåäíåãî êðàÿ òåðãèòà III; 15 — øèïû çàäíåãî êðàÿ òåðãèòà III; 16 — òåðãèòû II–IV; 17 — òåðãèòû VI–VIII è àíàëüíûé ñåãìåíò; 18 — ìåíòóì; 19 — àíòåííà. Ìàñøòàáíûå ëèíåéêè äëÿ ðèñ. 7, 9–12, 16–17 — 200 ìêì, ðèñ. 8, 13–15 — 50 ìêì, ðèñ. 18–19 — 20 ìêì.

New data on the taxonomy and distribution of Tokunagaia in the Russian Far East Head. Length 300–350 µm, width 250 µm. S I simple. Antenna brownish-yellow. Length of antennal segments (in µm ): 49–55 : 16–29 : 6 : 6–8 : 3,5–4. AR 1.37–1.43. First segment with large ring organ in basal part and small ring organ in little distal of middle part; laurerborn organs good visible and the same length as segment 3; blade of second segment amount to middle part of 5 th antennal segment (Fig. 19). Premandible with 1 apical tooth. Mandible with 4 dark brown or black teeth and 2–3 seta-like long molar spines; apical tooth shorter of total length of inner 3 teeth; seta interna branched to 5 parts. Mentum brown, with 1 middle tooth and 5 pairs of lateral teeth; middle tooth in 3.5–4 times wider of first lateral tooth; ventromental plates good visible, narrow, basal part more wide and roundish (Fig. 18). Abdomen. Setae length of middle segments compose 1/4–1/5 of these segment’s length; setae length of posterior segments compose 1/2 of these segment’s length. Supraanal seta length 150–162 µm. Procercus yellow, 33–35 µm length, 19–20 µm wide, with 6 anal setae 350–370 µm and 2 lateral setae, from which one seta weak and short and second seta strong 107–125 µm long. Anal tubules subequal. Comments. Pupa of T. oleantoni is separated from all known species of the genus by presence of thoracic horn. This feature is absent in the diagnosis of Tokunagaia but it is typical for pupae of most species of Eukiefferiella. Shape of thoracic horn and presence of caudal hooklets on sternites VI–VII of T. oleantoni are similar or the same as in pupae of Eukiefferiella gracei group. Larva of T. oleantoni also can be including into E. gracei group by key of Cranston et al. [1983]. Thus, in our case only male imagines of T. oleantoni is typical member of Tokunagaia and preimaginal stages are typical for Eukiefferiella gracei group. We believe revision of the genera Tokunagaia and Eukiefferiella in near future is required. Distribution. East Palaearctic species. Known from the southern part of the Kamchatka Peninsula, Tatarsky Bay basin of Khabarovsk Territory and the southern part of the Primorye Territory of the Russian Far East.

Tokunagaia parexcellens Tuiskunen, 1986 Figs 20–26. Tokunagaia parexcellens Tuiskunen: Tuiskunen, Lindeberg, 1986: 387. Tokunagaia parexellens Tuiskunen: Halvorsen, Sæther 1987: 176 [key]; Makarchenko, Makarchenko, 2007: 188. New material. Russian Far East. Khabarovsk Territory, Amur River basin: 1#, Obdergan River, Bureya River basin, 18.IX.2006, leg. E. Makarchenko; 1#, Bolshoi Chalbach River, Bureya River basin, 19.IX.2006, leg. E. Makarchenko; 1#, the same region, Talaya River, 20.IX.2006, leg. E. Makarchenko. Amursky Region, Amur River basin: 1 mature pupa, Sinel River, Bureya River basin, 17.IX.2006, leg. T. Tiunova.

Remarks. The species was described by Tuiskunen in Tuiskunen and Lindeberg [1986] only by male. Later we added data on some variations of the males from the Russian Far East [Makarchenko, Makarchenko, 2007]. Pupa are describing here for the first time. Description. Pupa (n=1). Total length 2.55 mm. Coloration brown, exuvia brownish. Cephalothorax. Frontal apatoma slightly rugose, without setae and tubercles. Antennal case in basal part with tubercle. Median antepronotals 2, lateral antepronotals 1. Dorsocentrals 4, Dc2 and Dc4 weak and short, Dc1 and Dc3 more a long and strong. Thoracic horn absent. Precorneals length: Pc1–108–113 µm, Pc2–90 µm, Pc3–108–113 µm. Pc1 from one side divided (Fig. 25).

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Abdomen. Tergite I without shagreen. Tergites II–V even covered by shagreen, in posterior part with 2–4 rows more strong spines (Figs 20–21). Tergites III–V in posterior part with caudal hooklets, number of which on these tergites respectively 43, 48, 44 (Figs 20, 22–23). Tergites VI–VIII without caudal hooklets, only with posterior spines in 2–4 rows like in tergites II–V, and with tender shagreen in anterior part (Fig. 20). Sternites I–VIII without shagreen but stertnites V–VIII with group of spines in 2–3 rows in posterior part, though these spines more strong on sternites VI–VII (Fig. 26). Hooklets on sternites absent. Segment I with 1 pair of lateral setae; segments II–VIII with 4 pairs of lateral setae. Length of lateral setae of segments II–VII (in µm) — L1 44–48, L2 44–48, L3 24–28, L4 24–28. Length of lateral setae of segment VIII (in µm) — L1 24, L2 80, L3 60, L4 8–12 (Fig. 24). Anal lobe 180 µm long; anal macrosetae subequal length about 160 µm. Genital sac of male overreaching anal lobe by 100 µm. Larva unknown. Distribution. Palaearctic species, known from Finland, Norway, and the Chukotski Peninsula and the Amur River basin of the Russian Far East.

Tokunagaia rectangularis (Goetghebuer, 1940) Fig. 30. Orthocladius rectangularis Goetghebuer, 1940: 61. Eukiefferiella oestbyei Sæther, 1968: 462. Eukiefferiella rectangularis (Goetghebuer): Brundin, 1956: 89, Fig. 51; Lehmann 1972: 382. Tokunagaia rectangularis (Goetghebuer): Halvorsen, Sæther 1987: 179; Makarchenko, Makarchenko, 2001: 184; 2007: 190. New material. Russian Far East, Khabarovsk Territory, Amur River basin: 1#, Levaya Silinka River, Solnechnyi District, 28.VII.2006, leg. E. Makarchenko. Amursky Region, Amur River basin: 1 mature pupa, Palpaga River, Zeya River basin, 22.VI.2005, leg. T. Tiunova.

Remarks. Descriptions of male, female, pupa and larva are given by Halvorsen, Sæther [1987]. We added data on some variations of the males from the Russian Far East [Makarchenko, Makarchenko, 2007]. It is necessary to notice the mature pupa of T. rectangularis was found in Palpaga River of Zeya River basin in the same benthic sample as the mature pupa of T. scutellata. Distribution. Palaearcic species. In the Russian Far East was found in the Vrangel Island, Chukotski Peninsula and the Amur River basin.

Tokunagaia scutellata (Brundin, 1956) Figs 27–29. Eukiefferiella scutellata Brundin, 1956: 89. Tokunagaia scutellata (Brundin): Halvorsen, Sæther, 1987: 184. Material examined. Russian Far East, Amursky Region, Amur River basin: 1 mature pupa, Malyi Dess Stream, Zeya River basin, 21.VI.2004, leg. T. Tiunova; 1 mature pupa, the same region, Palpaga River, 22.VI. 2005, leg. T. Tiunova.

Remarks. T. scutellata is collected in East Palaearctic for the first time. For this species is known male imagines, pupa and larva [Halvorsen, Sæther, 1987] but we have found expedient to adduce here the diagnosis of pupa collected in Amur River basin. Diagnosis. Pupa (n=2). Thoracic horn absent. Tergite I without shagreen. Tergites II–V even covered by shagreen, in posterior part with 2–4 rows more strong spines (Fig. 28). Tergites III–V also in posterior part with caudal hooklets, number of which on these tergites respectively 31–36, 29–30, 27–32. Tergites VI–VIII without caudal hooklets, only with posterior spines in 2–4 rows like in tergites, and with very

426


tender or without shagreen (Fig. 29). Sternites I–IV without shagreen, stertnites V–VIII in posterior part with tender shagreen. Hooklets on sternites absent. Segment I with 1 pair of lateral setae; segments II with 3 pairs of lateral setae, segments III–VII with 4 pairs of lateral setae. Length of lateral setae of segments II–VII (in µm) — L1 44–48, L2 44–48, L3 24–28, L4 24–28, segment VIII with 3 pairs of lateral setae. Length of lateral setae of segment VIII (in µm) — L2 16, L3 48, L4 24–28 (Fig. 27). Genital sac of male overreaching anal lobe by 66 µm (Fig. 29).

Distribution. Before finding in the Russian Far East this species was known only from Norway.

Tokunagaia singula Makarchenko et Makarchenko, sp.n. Fig. 3.

Material. Holotype: #, environs of Pashkovo Village, Jew-

ish Autonomous Region of Khabarovsk Territory, Russian Far East, 1.VII.2007, leg. M. Zasypkina.

Etymology. The name of this species arises from Latin singula = singular.

Figs 20–30. Pupa of Tokunagaia parexcellens (20–26), T. scutellata (27–29) and T. rectangularis (30). 20 — tergites III–VIII and anal segment; 21 — spinules of posterior part of tergite II; 22 — spinules of posterior part of tergite III; 23 — spinules of posterior part of tergite IV; 24, 27, 30 — lateral setae of segment VIII; 25 — precorneal setae; 26 — shagreen of posterior part of sternite VII; 28 — tergites IV–V; 29 — tergites VII–VIII and anal segment. Scale bars are as follows: Figs 20, 28–29 — 200 µm, Figs 21–25, 27, 30 — 50 µm, Fig. 26 — 100 µm. Ðèñ. 20–30. Êóêîëêà Tokunagaia parexcellens (20–26), T. scutellata (27–29) è T. rectangularis (30). 20 — òåðãèòû III–VIII è àíàëüíûé ñåãìåíò; 21 — øèïèêè çàäíåãî êðàÿ òåðãèòà II; 22 — øèïèêè çàäíåãî êðàÿ òåðãèòà III; 23 — øèïèêè çàäíåãî êðàÿ òåðãèòà IV; 24, 27, 30 — ëàòåðàëüíûå ùåòèíêè ñåãìåíòà VIII; 25 — ïðåêîðíåàëüíûå ùåòèíêè; 26 — øàãðåíü øèïèêîâ ó çàäíåãî êðàÿ ñòåðíèòà VII; 28 — òåðãèòû IV–V; 29 — òåðãèòû VII–VIII è àíàëüíûé ñåãìåíò. Ìàñøòàáíûå ëèíåéêè äëÿ ðèñ. 20, 28–29 — 200 ìêì, ðèñ. 21–25, 27, 30 — 50 ìêì, ðèñ. 26 — 100 ìêì.

427

New data on the taxonomy and distribution of Tokunagaia in the Russian Far East Table 2. Length (µm) and proportions of leg segments of Tokunagaia singula sp.n., male (n=1) Òàáëèöà 2. Äëèíà ÷ëåíèêîâ íîã (ìêì) è èõ èíäåêñû ñàìöà Tokunagaia singula sp.n. (n=1) P

f

t

ta1

ta2

ta3

ta4

ta5

LR

SV

BV

P1

570

640

420

280

200

130

110

0.66

2.88

2.26

P2

590

560

280

180

140

90

100

0.50

4.11

2.98

P3

650

670

410

240

200

120

110

0.62

3.22

2.58

Description. Male imago (n=1). Total length 2.25 mm. Total length/wing length 1.38. Coloration brown. Head. Eyes naked, with short wedge-shaped elongation. Temporal setae including 7–8 verticals and 2–3 postorbitals. Clypeus with 9 setae. Antenna with 13 flagellomeres and well developed plume; AR 0.70. Lengths (µm) of 2–5 palpomeres — 55 : 95 : 90 : 145. Head width/palp length 1.01. Thorax. Antepronotum with 3 lateral setae. Acrostichals 12, dorsocentrals 6, prealars 2. Scutellum with 8 setae. Wing. Typical for genus. Length 1.63 mm. Anal lobe developed and roundish. Squama with 8 setae. R and R 1 with 7 setae, R4+5 with 1 setae in the end. Costal extension very short. R4+5 ending little proximal or on the same level with apex of M3+4. Cu1 curved. Legs. BR1 2.3; BR2 3.6; BR3 3.8–5.0. Spur of front tibia 43 µm long. Spurs of middle tibia breaked off, spurs of hind tibia 50 µm and 13 µm long. Hind tibial comb with 11–12 setae. Length (µm) and proportions of legs as in Table 2. Hypopygium (Fig. 3). Tergite IX without anal point and with 18 setae; laterosternite IX with 5–6 setae. Ttransverse sternapodeme 105 µm long and with good developed oral projections. Virga very short, consists of 3 small spines. Gonocoxite length 198 µm. Inferior volsella small and flat. Gonostylus 68 µm long. Megaseta 10 µm long. HR 2.91. Diagnosis. The male of T. singula sp.n. is separated from other known species of Tokunagaia by flat inferior volsella and by short virga which consists of 3 small spines. Диагноз. Самец T. singula sp.n. отличается от известных видов рода Tokunagaia плоским и узким нижним придатком гонококсита, а также виргой, которая состоит их трёх маленьких шипиков. Distribution. Known only from type locality in midle part of Amur River basin. Pupa and larva unknown.

KEY

TOKUNAGAIA SÆTHER RUSSIAN FAR EAST

TO THE PUPAE OF

OF THE

1. Tergites II–VI with 1–2 rows of narrow and long (40– 60 µm) posterior spines (Figs 14–15). Sternites VI–VIII with caudal hooklets .................................................... 2 – Tergites II–VI with short sharply triangular posterior spines. Sternites VI–VIII without caudal hooklets ..... 3 2. Thoracic horn present. Sternites III–IV in midlle of posterior part with group of small spines (Fig. 12) ....... ....................................... T. oleantoni Makar. et Makar. – Thoracic horn absent. Sternites III–IV without group of small spines .................... T. ambigua Makar. et Makar. 3. Tergites IV–V with caudal hooklets. Sternites without shagreen. One lateral seta of segment VIII like caudolateral spine (Fig. 5) ....................... ..T. kibunensis (Tokunaga) – Tergite III–V with caudal hooklets. Sternites with shagreen. All lateral setae of abdominal segments hairlike ................................................................................ 4 4. Tergites III–V with 43–48 caudal hooklets ................... ............................................. T. parexcellens Tuiskunen – Tergites III–V with 25–36 caudal hooklets ................. 5

5. Male genital sac overreaching anal lobe by 35 µm ....... ........................................................ T. tonolii (Rossaro) – Male genital sac overreaching anal lobe by 56–87 µm ... ...................................................................................... 6 6. Segment VIII with 2 pairs of lateral setae (Fig. 30). Shagreen on tergites VI–VIII as extensive and coarse as that on tergites III–V ...................................................... ..................................... T. rectangularis (Goetghebuer) – Segment VIII with 3 pairs of lateral setae (Fig. 27). Shagreen on tergites VI–VIII slightly less extensive and coarse than that on tergites III–V, with indication on anterior group shagreen ............ T. scutellata (Brundin)

Acknowledgments We are grateful to the collectors T.M. Tiunova, M.O. Zasypkina, O.V. Zorina and G.A. Korotenko for making material available to us. This investigation partly was supported by funds from the Presidium of the Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (grant No. 09–III–A–06–175).

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