Page 1 ! " # $ " % " " " " ! # & " " # & ' " " " " % " ( " ( " " " ) * + , -./0) 1 , 2 * 3 ...

1 downloads 0 Views 2MB Size Report
Table (APX1.3): Monthly average of air temperature at Luxor area. (1998-2008). ... Table (APX2.3): Pumping test results in the area west of Armant.
       

             

  !    "     #  $ "                               %          

"  "        " 

                            "  !    #  &  "          "               

    #  &  '   " "             "                      "                 

       %                   

 "               (    "  (    "          

"    "     

         

 ! ""! "# 

  $ % & 

    )* + ,  -./0)1 ,

 2   * 3    ' "

)

    4   

  3    ' "

  )56+7/8980)

                        



   

   

            

      

      

     

      

            



   

   !

"#"$%&  #   



' ( )*   ' +                       

                       !     "   

      #         $   !%  !      &  $   '         '     ( $         '     # %  % )   %*   %'      $ 

'          +     "  %

   &   '   ! #  

           $,    (   $     - $$$   . /"/"#012"    )*3- +) *  !4 !& 5!6%55787&  %   2  9:;567!%2  ?9:;567!; 0 @!   *     A    &  B $, -./010/2210/2.30/  (!$+        C        2                                   !   "C                   (    %                   2 

  %  %  %  %         $          $      $C               C                         

CC -  $$$    /"/"#012"    )*3- +) *  !4 !& 5!6%55787&  %) C   9:;567!%D?9:;567!; 0 @!     E & "   E + CA

  B $, -./010/2210/2.30/ -C F8>78C  /"/"#012"    )*3- +)   

"  

  &  8>78

7RP\SDUHQWP\ZLIH DQGDOOP\SURIHVVRUV









TABLE OF CONTENTS



TABLE OF CONTENTS

3

LIST OF TABLES

5

LIST OF FIGURES

8

PREFACE

13

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

15

INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND

17    

GEOMORPHOLOGY AND GEOLOGICAL SETTING 2.1. GEOMORPHOLOGY OF THE STUDY AREA 2.2. GENERAL GEOLOGY OF THE STUDY AREA

26  

LANDUSE CHANGES USING REMOTE SENSING AND GIS

43    

1.2. LOCATION OF STUDY AREA 1.3. AIM OF THE STUDY. 1.4. METHODOLOGY AND DATA ACQUISITION.

3.1. INTRODUCTION 3.2. METHODOLOGY 3.3. LANDUSE CHANGES IN THE AREA 3.3.5 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF LANDUSE AND FUTURE CHANGES

FLOOD HAZARD POTENTIALITY 4.1. INTRODUCTION 4.2. CLIMATOLOGICAL CONDITION

59   

HYDROGEOLOGICAL SETTING 5.1. INTRODUCTION 5.2. AQUIFER DISTRIBUTION. 5.3. GROUNDWATER FLOW.

87      

4.3. QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE DRAINAGE BASINS

5.4. AQUIFER RECHARGE AND DISCHARGE 5.5. THE AQUIFER HYDRAULIC PROPERTIES. 5.6. GROUNDWATER MANAGEMENT IN THE STUDY AREA





HYDROCHEMICAL ASPECTS 6.1. INTRODUCTION

118       

GROUNDWATER QUALITY

162 

6.2. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF THE GROUNDWATER 6.3. CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF THE GROUNDWATER 6.4. GROUNDWATER TYPES. 6.5. HYDROCHEMICAL COEFFICIENTS. 6.6. HYPOTHETICAL SALT COMBINATION. 6.7. HYDROCHEMICAL GENETIC CLASSIFICATION.

7.1. GROUNDWATER QUALITY OF THE STUDY AREA 7.2 DEVELOPMENT OF GROUNDWATER QUALITY INDEX IN THE STUDY AREA:   7.3 ASSESSING GROUNDWATER QUALITY USING GIS. 

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS.192 REFERENCES



250



LIST OF TABLES Table (4.1):1DPHVRIVRPHZDGLVUHSUHVHQWVWKHEDVLQV   Table (4.2):$UHD NP OHQJWK NP ZLGWK NP DQGSHULPHWHU NP RIWKHVWXGLHGEDVLQV  Table (4.3):%LIXUFDWLRQUDWLR 5E GUDLQDJHIUHTXHQF\ )G  GUDLQDJHGHQVLW\ 'G DQGWKH7H[WXUHUDWLR 5W RIWKHVWXGLHG EDVLQV   Table (4.4):+D]DUGGHJUHHDVVHVVPHQWIRUHDFKGUDLQDJHEDVLQLQ WKHDUHD %DVHGRQ(O6KDP\E    Table (4.5):(VWLPDWHGSHDNIORRGIORZV PVHF IRUWKHVWXGLHG VFHQDULRVRISUHFLSLWDWLRQ  Table (4.6):7KHH[SHFWHGPD[LPXPYDOXHVRIUXQRII 0&0 IRU WKHVWXGLHGGUDLQDJHEDVLQVIRUGLIIHUHQWVFHQDULRVRISUHFLSLWDWLRQ Table (5.1):&ODVVLILFDWLRQRIWKHDTXLIHUSRWHQWLDOLW\DFFRUGLQJWR WKHWUDQVPLVVLYLW\YDOXHV  Table (5.2):7KHUHVXOWVRIWKHK\GUDXOLFSURSHUWLHVRIWKHDTXLIHULQ WKHVWXG\DUHD   Table (6.1):7KHFODVVLILFDWLRQRIZDWHUFODVVHVEDVHGRQWKH7'6 FRQFHQWUDWLRQ&KHERUDWHY     Table (6.2):&ODVVLILFDWLRQRIZDWHUDFFRUGLQJWRGHJUHHRI KDUGQHVV   Table (6.3):&ODVVLILFDWLRQRIZDWHUDFFRUGLQJWRLWVFKORULGH FRQWHQW6FKROOHU     Table (6.4):&ODVVLILFDWLRQRIZDWHUDFFRUGLQJWRLWVVXOIDWHFRQWHQW 6FKROOHU     Table (6.5):&ODVVLILFDWLRQRIZDWHUDFFRUGLQJWRLWVELFDUERQDWH FRQWHQW6FKROOHU     Table (6.6):7KHZDWHUW\SHJURXSVDQGLWVSHUFHQWRIWKHFROOHFWHG JURXQGZDWHUVDPSOHVLQWKHWZRVWXGLHGDUHDV   Table (6.7):&ODVVLILFDWLRQRIZDWHUDFFRUGLQJWRLWVU&OU +&2 &2 UDWLR 6LPSVRQ 7RGG   Table (6.8):7KHGRPLQDWLQJK\SRWKHWLFDOVDOWFRPELQDWLRQJURXSV RIWKHFROOHFWHGJURXQGZDWHUVDPSOHVLQ(O0DUDVKGDDUHD   Table (6.9):7KHGRPLQDWLQJK\SRWKHWLFDOVDOWFRPELQDWLRQJURXSV RIWKHFROOHFWHGJURXQGZDWHUVDPSOHVLQWKHDUHDZHVWRI$UPDQW   Table (7.1):/LPLWDWLRQRIZDWHUTXDOLW\IRUWKHGRPHVWLFXVHV $5(  





Table (7.2)::DWHUFODVVLILFDWLRQDFFRUGLQJWR6$5  Table (7.3)::DWHUFODVVLILFDWLRQDFFRUGLQJWRVDOLQLW\  Table (7.4):7KH866DOLQLW\/DERUDWRU\FODVVLILFDWLRQ  IRU WKHLUULJDWLRQZDWHU   Table (7.5):&ODVVLILFDWLRQRILUULJDWLRQZDWHUEDVHGRQ663 7RGG    Table (7.6):6XLWDELOLW\RILUULJDWLRQZDWHUDFFRUGLQJWR56&YDOXH   Table (7.7):/LPLWDWLRQVJXLGH VDOLQHZDWHUVIRUOLYHVWRFNDQG SRXOWU\ 1DWLRQDO$FDGHP\RI6FLHQFHDQG1DWLRQDO$FDGHP\RI (QJLQHHULQJ    Table (7.8)::DWHUFODVVLILFDWLRQDFFRUGLQJWRTXDOLW\LQGH[  Table (7.9):ZHLJKWDQGUHODWLYHZHLJKWRIFKHPLFDOSDUDPHWHUV XVHGLQJURXQGZDWHUHYDOXDWLRQIRUGULQNLQJ  Table (7.10):SHUFHQWDJHRIZDWHUVDPSOHVWKDWIDOOVXQGHUGLIIHUHQW FODVVHVRIJURXQGZDWHUTXDOLW\IRUGULQNLQJ   Table (7.11):ZHLJKWDQGUHODWLYHZHLJKWRISDUDPHWHUVXVHGLQ JURXQGZDWHUHYDOXDWLRQIRULUULJDWLRQ  Table (7.12):SHUFHQWDJHRIZDWHUVDPSOHVWKDWIDOOVXQGHUGLIIHUHQW FODVVHVRIJURXQGZDWHUTXDOLW\IRULUULJDWLRQ  Table (APX1.1): 0RQWKO\DYHUDJHRIDLUWHPSHUDWXUHDW1DJ +DPPDGLDUHD    Table (APX1.2): 0RQWKO\DYHUDJHRIDLUWHPSHUDWXUHDW4HQDDUHD     Table (APX1.3):0RQWKO\DYHUDJHRIDLUWHPSHUDWXUHDW/X[RUDUHD     Table (APX1.4):0RQWKO\DYHUDJHRIUHODWLYHKXPLGLW\LQWKHVWXG\ DUHDIURP    Table (APX1.5): 0RQWKO\DYHUDJHRISUHFLSLWDWLRQDQGHYDSRUDWLRQ LQWKHVWXG\DUHDIURP     Table (APX1.6):7KHFULWLFDOGHSWKRIHYDSRUDWLRQIURPWKH JURXQGZDWHUVXUIDFH P LQWKHVWXG\DUHD   Table (APX2.1):7KHK\GURJHRORJLFDOGDWDRIWKHZHOOVGULOOHGLQ WKHVWXG\DUHD   Table (APX2.2):3XPSLQJWHVWUHVXOWVLQ(/0DUDVKGDDUHD  Table (APX2.3):3XPSLQJWHVWUHVXOWVLQWKHDUHDZHVWRI$UPDQW   Table (APX3.1):S+7'6DQG(&YDOXHVIRUWKHFROOHFWHG JURXQGZDWHUVDPSOHVIURPWKHVWXG\DUHD  





Table (APX3.2):&RQFHQWUDWLRQRIPDMRUFDWLRQVDQGDQLRQV SSP HSPDQGH RIWKHFROOHFWHGJURXQGZDWHUVDPSOHVIURPWKHVWXG\ DUHD   Table (APX3.3)::DWHUFODVVHVDFFRUGLQJWRWKHWRWDOKDUGQHVVRI WKHFROOHFWHGZDWHUVDPSOHVIURPWKHVWXG\DUHD   Table (APX3.4)::DWHUFODVVHVDFFRUGLQJWR &O FRQWHQWLQ HSP  RIWKHFROOHFWHGZDWHUVDPSOHVIURPWKHVWXG\DUHD  Table (APX3.5)::DWHUFODVVHVDFFRUGLQJWR 62 FRQWHQWLQ HSP RIWKHFROOHFWHGZDWHUVDPSOHVIURPWKHVWXG\DUHD   Table (APX3.6)::DWHUFODVVHVDFFRUGLQJWR +&2 FRQWHQWLQ HSP RIWKHFROOHFWHGZDWHUVDPSOHVIURPWKHVWXG\DUHD   Table (APX3.8):7KHFDOFXODWHGK\SRWKHWLFDOVDOWFRPELQDWLRQ   IRUWKHFROOHFWHGZDWHUVDPSOHVIURPWKHVWXG\DUHD   Table (APX4.1):,UULJDWLRQZDWHUFODVVLILFDWLRQDFFRUGLQJWR6$5 IRUWKHFROOHFWHGJURXQGZDWHUVDPSOHVIURPWKHVWXG\DUHD   Table (APX4.5):*URXQGZDWHUTXDOLW\LQGH[DFFRUGLQJWRLUULJDWLRQ HYDOXDWLRQIRUWKHFROOHFWHGJURXQGZDWHUVDPSOHVIURPWKHVWXG\ DUHD  





LIST OF FIGURES Figure (1.1)/RFDWLRQRIWKHVWXG\DUHD   Figure (1.2): 7KHGLJLWDOHOHYDWLRQPRGHORIWKHVWXG\DUHD   Figure (2.1):7KHWHUUDFHVRIJUDYHODQGVDQGLQWKHVWXG\DUHD   Figure (2.2):7KHJHRPRUSKRORJLFDOXQLWVRIWKHVWXG\DUHD   Figure (2.3):&RPSRVLWHVHFWLRQIRUURFNXQLWVLQWKHVWXG\DUHD   Figure (2.4)7UDYHUWLQHVRI,VVDZLD)RUPDWLRQLQWKHVWXG\DUHD  Figure (2.5):*HRORJLFPDSRIWKHVWXG\DUHDDIWHU&21&2 VFDOH   Figure (3.1):/DQGVDW066LPDJHVKRZLQJWKHODQGXVHEHIRUH DW(O0DUDVKGDDUHD   Figure (3.2):/DQGVDW066LPDJHVKRZLQJWKHODQGXVHEHIRUH DWWKHDUHDZHVWRI$UPDQW  Figure (3.3 /DQGVDW70LPDJHEDQGVVKRZLQJWKHODQGXVH EHIRUHDW(O0DUDVKGDDUHD  Figure (3.4):/DQGVDW70LPDJHEDQGVVKRZLQJWKHODQGXVH EHIRUHDWWKHDUHDZHVWRI$UPDQW  Figure (3.5)(O0DUDVKGD/DQGXVHFKDQJHVEHWZHHQDQG    Figure (3.6):/DQGXVHFKDQJHVEHWZHHQDQGDWZHVWRI $UPDQWDUHD   Figure (3.7 /DQGVDW(70LPDJHEDQGVVKRZLQJWKH ODQGXVHEHIRUHDW(O0DUDVKGDDUHD  Figure (3.8):/DQGVDW(70LPDJHEDQGVVKRZLQJWKH ODQGXVHEHIRUHDWZHVWRI$UPDQWDUHD   Figure (3.9):(O0DUDVKGD/DQGXVHFKDQJHVEHWZHHQDQG    Figure (3.10): /DQGXVHFKDQJHVEHWZHHQDQGDWZHVWRI $UPDQWDUHD   Figure (3.11):$HULDOSKRWRIURP*RRJOHVKRZLQJWKHODQGXVH EHIRUHDW(O0DUDVKGDDUHD  Figure (3.12):$HULDOSKRWRIURP*RRJOHVKRZLQJWKHODQGXVH EHIRUHDWWKHDUHDZHVWRI$UPDQW  Figure (3.13)(O0DUDVKGD/DQGXVHFKDQJHVEHWZHHQDQG    Figure (3.14)/DQGXVHFKDQJHVEHWZHHQDQGDWZHVWRI $UPDQWDUHD  





Figure (3.15): 5DWHRIWKHODQGXVHIURPWRDW(O 0DUDVKGDDUHD  Figure (3.16):5DWHRIWKHODQGXVHIURPWRDWWKHDUHD ZHVWRI$UPDQW   Figure (4.1):'UDLQDJHEDVLQVIRUWKHVWXG\DUHD   Figure (4.2):'UDLQDJHQHWVIRUWKHVWXG\DUHD  Figure (4.3)D 7KH%LIXUFDWLRQUDWLRYV'UDLQDJHGHQVLW\DQGE  7KH%LIXUFDWLRQUDWLRYV'UDLQDJHIUHTXHQF\   Figure (4.4):+D]DUGPDSIRUWKHGUDLQDJHEDVLQVLQWKHVWXG\DUHD   Figure (5.1)/RFDWLRQRIWKHJURXQGZDWHUZHOOVLQWKH(O0DUDVKGD DUHD   Figure (5.2 /RFDWLRQVRIWKHJURXQGZDWHUZHOOVLQWKHDUHDZHVWRI $UPDQW   Figure (5.3):7KHORFDWLRQRIWKHK\GURJHRORJLFFURVVVHFWLRQVLQ WKHVWXG\DUHD   Figure (5.4):+\GURJHRORJLFFURVVVHFWLRQRIWKHVWXG\DUHDLQ $ $    Figure (5.5):+\GURJHRORJLFFURVVVHFWLRQRIWKHVWXG\DUHDLQ % %    Figure (5.6):+\GURJHRORJLFFURVVVHFWLRQRIWKHVWXG\DUHDLQ & &    Figure (5.7)+\GURJHRORJLFFURVVVHFWLRQRIWKHVWXG\DUHDLQ ' '    Figure (5.8):+\GURJHRORJLFFURVVVHFWLRQRIWKHVWXG\DUHDLQ (± (   Figure (5.9)::DWHUWDEOHFRQWRXUPDSRI(O0DUDVKGDDUHD  Figure (5.10)::DWHUWDEOHFRQWRXUPDSRIWKHDUHDZHVWRI$UPDQW   Figure (5.11):/RFDWLRQRISXPSLQJWHVWVFDUULHGRXWLQWKHVWXG\ DUHD   Figure (5.12)7KHOLWKRORJ\RIWZRSXPSLQJWHVWZHOOV  Figure (5.13):7KHSORWRIGUDZGRZQYHUVXVWLPHDW(O0DUDVKGD DUHD   Figure (5.14):7KHSORWRIGUDZGRZQYHUVXVWLPHDWZHVWRI $UPDQWDUHD   Figure (6.1):/RFDWLRQPDSRIWKHFROOHFWHGVDPSOHVIURP(O 0DUDVKGDDUHD 





Figure (6.2):/RFDWLRQPDSRIWKHFROOHFWHGVDPSOHVIURPWKHDUHD ZHVWRI$UPDQW   Figure (6.3):7'66SDWLDOGLVWULEXWLRQPDSRIWKHVWXG\DUHD   Figure (6.5):0J6SDWLDOGLVWULEXWLRQPDSRIWKHVWXG\DUHD   Figure (6.7):+&26SDWLDOGLVWULEXWLRQPDSRIWKHVWXG\DUHD   Figure (6.6): 1D.6SDWLDOGLVWULEXWLRQPDSRIWKHVWXG\DUHD   Figure (6.9):&OVSDWLDOGLVWULEXWLRQPDSRIWKHVWXG\DUHD  Figure (6.8):62VSDWLDOGLVWULEXWLRQPDSRIWKHVWXG\DUHD  Figure (6.10):VSDWLDOGLVWULEXWLRQPDSRIZDWHUW\SHDFFRUGLQJWR ZDWHUKDUGQHVV   Figure (6.11)'LVWULEXWLRQRIJURXQGZDWHUW\SHVDFFRUGLQJWRWKHLU FKORULGHFRQWHQWDORQJWZRVWXG\DUHDV   Figure (6.12)'LVWULEXWLRQRIJURXQGZDWHUW\SHVDFFRUGLQJWRWKHLU VXOIDWHFRQWHQWDORQJWKHVWXG\DUHDV   Figure (6.13):'LVWULEXWLRQRIJURXQGZDWHUW\SHVDFFRUGLQJWRWKHLU FDUERQDWHFRQWHQWDORQJWKHWZRVWXG\DUHDV   Figure (6.14)::DWHUW\SHVSDWLDOGLVWULEXWLRQPDSRIWKHVWXG\DUHD   Figure (6.15):7KHDYHUDJHK\SRWKHWLFDOVDOWFRPELQDWLRQIRUWKH FROOHFWHGJURXQGZDWHUVDPSOHVDW(O0DUDVKGDDUHD   Figure (6.16):7KHDYHUDJHK\SRWKHWLFDOVDOWFRPELQDWLRQIRUWKH FROOHFWHGJURXQGZDWHUVDPSOHVDWWKHDUHDZHVWRI$UPDQW   Figure (6.17)::DWHUW\SH¶VFODVVLILFDWLRQXVLQJSLSHU VGLDJUDP DFFRUGLQJWR/DQJJXWK     Figure (6.18): 3LSHUWULOLQHDUGLDJUDPIRUFODVVLILFDWLRQWKH JURXQGZDWHUVDPSOHVDW(O0DUDVKGDDUHD  Figure (6.19)3LSHUWULOLQHDUGLDJUDPIRUFODVVLILFDWLRQWKH JURXQGZDWHUVDPSOHVDWWKHDUHDZHVWRI$UPHQW  Figure (6.20):'XURYGLDJUDPDFFRUGLQJWR /OR\GDQG+HDWKFRDW    Figure (6.21):'XURYGLDJUDPIRUFODVVLILFDWLRQWKHJURXQGZDWHU VDPSOHVDW(O0DUDVKGDDUHD   Figure (6.22):'XURYGLDJUDPIRUFODVVLILFDWLRQWKHJURXQGZDWHU VDPSOHVDWWKHDUHDZHVWRI$UPHQW   Figure (7.1):*UDSKLFDOUHSUHVHQWDWLRQRIZDWHUW\SHDFFRUGLQJWR 6$5YDOXHVLQWKHVWXG\DUHD  Figure (7.2):*URXQGZDWHUVXLWDELOLW\IRULUULJDWLRQDFFRUGLQJWR 86/DEFODVVLILFDWLRQDW(O0DUDVKGDDUHD 





Figure (7.3): *URXQGZDWHUVXLWDELOLW\IRULUULJDWLRQDFFRUGLQJWR 86/DEFODVVLILFDWLRQDWWKHDUHDRIZHVW$UPDQW   Figure (7.4):7KHJURXQGZDWHUTXDOLW\PDSIRUGULQNLQJSXUSRVHV RI(O0DUDVKGDDUHD   Figure (7.5):7KHJURXQGZDWHUTXDOLW\PDSIRULUULJDWLRQXVDJHRI (O0DUDVKGDDUHD  Figure (7.7):JURXQGZDWHUTXDOLW\PDSIRULUULJDWLRQXVDJHRIWKH DUHDZHVWRI$UPDQW  Figure (7.6): 7KHJURXQGZDWHUTXDOLW\PDSIRUGULQNLQJSXUSRVHVRI WKHDUHDZHVWRI$UPDQW 









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





WKH SRWHQWLDO RI JURXQGZDWHU UHVRXUFHV *,6 *HRJUDSKLF ,QIRUPDWLRQ6\VWHPV ZLOOEHXVHGDVDWRROWRHYDOXDWHJURXQGZDWHU DQGDGGUHVVPDQDJHPHQWLVVXHV





ACKNOWLEDGMENTS  ,WLVLPSRVVLEOHWRQDPHHYHU\RQHZKRKDVEHHQDVVRFLDWHGZLWKWKH SURGXFWLRQRIWKLVERRN$PRQJWKRVHZKRGHVHUYHVSHFLDOPHQWLRQ DUH3URI'U$KPHG$$EGHO0RQHLP'U$\PDQ$$KPHGDQG 'U $KPHG 0