of hemp seed (Cannabis ... products of Cannabis sativa have been used as ..... in hemp (Cannabis sati- va) germplasm resources. Econ. Botany. 57:545-558.
Italian Journal of Animal Science 2015; volume 14:3473
PAPER
Effects of different levels of hemp seed (Cannabis sativa L.) and dextran oligosaccharide on growth performance and antibody titer response of broiler chickens
Introduction
Abstract
N on
co m
A total of 384 Ross 308 male broilers were used in a randomised complete design for a period of six weeks. The experiment was conducted as a 4×2 factorial arrangement with 4 levels of hemp seed (HS) (0, 25, 50 and 75 g/kg) and 2 levels of dextran oligossacharide (DOS) (0 and 1 g/kg). Each of the 8 dietary treatments was fed to 4 replicate pens (12 birds/pen) from 1 to 42 d of age. The results indicated that diets containing 25 g/kg HS caused significant decrease in average daily feed intake and average daily gain (ADG), whereas total serum cholesterol, low and very low density lipoprotein, and TG levels was minimised at 75 g/kg of HS, but serum high density lipoprotein (HDL) was increased with increasing HS levels (P0.05). Pens were randomly assigned to the eight treatments (four
Vaccine programme
on ly
Experimental animals and diets
al us e
Materials and methods
pens for per treatment). All the pens were maintained under a uniform temperature and lighting control system during the entire period of study. The treatment structure consisted of a 4×2 factorial arrangement as a completely randomised design. A basal diet was formulated based on corn and soybean meal for the starter (0 to 14 d), grower (15 to 28 d) and finisher (29 to 42 d) periods. Basal diets were formulated to meet or exceed all nutrient recommendations published in the Ross rearing guideline (Table 2; Aviagen, 2014). Supplemental DOS (Meito Healthy Friend, MHF-Y; Meito Sangyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) was substituted for equivalent amounts of corn in the basal diet. Diets were isoenergitic and isonitrogeneous and provided in mash form. The treatments were as follow: T1, basal diet; T2, basal diet+25 g/kg of HS; T3, basal diet+50 g/kg of HS; T4, basal diet+75 g/kg of HS; T5, basal diet+1 g/kg of DOS; T6, basal diet+25 g/kg of HS+1 g/kg of DOS; T7, basal diet+50 g/kg of HS+1 g/kg of DOS; and T8, basal diet+75 g/kg of HS+1 g/kg of DOS. The experiment lasted six wk. Birds had ad libitum access to feed and water during the experimental period and light was on continuously during the first day and 23 h/d afterward.
m er ci
that prebiotic supplementation resulted in significant improvement in antibody responses in broilers and layers (Raju and Devegowda, 2002; Shashidhara and Devegowda, 2003). Shafey et al. (2001) reported no such improvement in the antibody titers against IBDV and NDV in broilers fed prebiotics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different levels of dietary HS and DOS as prebiotic on average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily gain (ADG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), NDV and IBV antibody responsiveness, complete blood count (CBC), serum cholesterol and triglycerides (TG) on broiler chicks.
Ingredient, g/kg Corn° Soybean meal (43% CP) Fish meal Plant oil Oyster shell Na-bicarbonate DCP Salt Met Lys Premix# Calculated composition ME, MJ/kg CP, % CF, % Ca, % P, % Met, % Lys, % Met+Cys, %
Starter, days 0 to 14
Grower, days 15 to 28
Finisher, days 29 to 42
556 356 20 29 14 1 12 2 2 3 5
562 337 20 48 12 1 10 2 2 1 5
599 310 0 54 12 2 13 2 2 1 5
12.66 22.00 3.90 1.04 0.50 0.55 1.45 0.85
13.19 21.00 3.78 0.91 0.45 0.54 1.24 0.83
13.40 19.000 3.67 0.84 0.44 0.50 1.07 0.75
CP, crude protein; DCP, dicalcium phosphate; Met, methionine; Lys, lysine; ME, methionine; CF, crude fibre; Ca, calcium; P, phosphorus; Cys, cysteine. °For dextran oligosaccharides (DOS) groups, DOS was substituted for equivalent amounts of corn. #Provided (per kilogram of diet): vitamin A, 400 U; vitamin D3, 250 U; vitamin E, 30 mg; vitamin C, 30 mg; vitamin K3, 13 mg; vitamin B1, 10 mg; vitamin B2, 16 mg; vitamin B6, 12 mg; vitamin B12, 0.1 mg; Ca pantothenate, 60 mg; folic acid, 0.2 mg; nicotinic acid, 83 mg; choline, 105 mg; Co, 0.4 mg; Cu, 3.7 mg; I, 0.5 mg; Mn, 86 mg; Mg, 108 mg; Zn, 62 mg; Fe, 42 mg; Ca, 11 mg; Na, 390 mg; Cl, 671 mg; K, 78 mg; Met, 45 mg.
[Ital J Anim Sci vol.14:2015]
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Mahmoudi et al.
lipoprotein (LDL) and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) concentrations. Determinations were performed using an automated biochemical analyzer (Multianalyser Technicon RA-XT, Bayer do Bresil) with colorimetric methods, following the instructions of the manufacturer of the corresponding reagent kit (Zhongsheng Biochemical Co. Ltd., Beijing, China), and complete blood counts were counted manually.
Statistical analysis Statistical analysis of results was performed by using the GLM procedure of SAS (SAS, 2006) according to the following general model:
The results indicated that interaction effects between HS and DOS for ADG were significant (P
