Aug 29, 2018 - Results and Discussion ... difference of tangential electric field between the forward and ... Figure: Setup to measure the field-to-wire coupling. 8 ...
Electromagnetic Field Coupling to Transmission Line Networks of Double-Wire Lines in a Reverberation Chamber Mathias Magdowski 1 , Johanna Kasper1 , Ralf Vick1 , Ildar Zalaliev2 , Roman Chevtaev2 , Evgenii Fedorov2 and Andrey Ferenets2 1 Institute of Medical Engineering Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany 2 Institute of Automation and Electronic Instrument Making Kazan National Research Technical University, Kazan, Russia
August 29, 2018 1
Introduction
Theory
Measurement
Introduction Stochastic fields:
Source: Manuamador, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php? curid=18182119
2
Results and Discussion
Conclusion
Introduction
Theory
Measurement
Results and Discussion
Introduction Stochastic fields:
Transmission line networks:
Source: Manuamador, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php? curid=18182119
Source: Matti Blume, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php? curid=68548407
2
Conclusion
Introduction
Theory
Measurement
Results and Discussion
Existing Simulation Model ψ
Line 2
Line 3 Line 1
Source: M. Magdowski and R. Vick, “Numerical simulation of the stochastic electromagnetic field coupling to transmission line networks”, in Proceedings of the Joint IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility and EMC Europe, IEEE Catalog Number: CFP15EMC-USB, Dresden, Deutschland, Aug. 2015, pp. 818–823, isbn: 978-1-4799-6615-8. doi: 10.1109/ISEMC.2015.7256269
3
Conclusion
Introduction
Theory
Measurement
Results and Discussion
Measurement with Single Wire Lines
Line 2 Line 1
Line 3
Source: J. Kasper, M. Magdowski, and R. Vick, “Measurement of the stochastic electromagnetic field coupling to transmission line networks of single-wire lines above a ground plane”, in International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC EUROPE), IEEE, Ed., IEEE Catalog Number CFP1606F-US, Breslau, Polen, Sep. 2016, pp. 234–239, isbn: 978-1-5090-1415-6
4
Conclusion
Introduction
Theory
Measurement
Results and Discussion
Measurement with Single Wire Lines 50 Ω Line 2 Line 1 50 Ω Line 3 50 Ω Source: J. Kasper, M. Magdowski, and R. Vick, “Measurement of the stochastic electromagnetic field coupling to transmission line networks of single-wire lines above a ground plane”, in International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC EUROPE), IEEE, Ed., IEEE Catalog Number CFP1606F-US, Breslau, Polen, Sep. 2016, pp. 234–239, isbn: 978-1-5090-1415-6
4
Conclusion
Introduction
Theory
Measurement
Results and Discussion
Double-Wire Transmission Line Network Line 3 ψ
Line 2
Line 1
5
100 Ω
Conclusion
Introduction
Theory
Measurement
Results and Discussion
Double-Wire Transmission Line Network Line 3 ψ
Line 2
100 Ω Balun
Line 1 Open circuit
5
Conclusion
Introduction
Theory
Measurement
Overview Theory Measurement Setup Parameters Results and Discussion Quality Factor of the Reverberation Chamber Influence of the Alignment Influence of the Line Length Influence of the Load Resistances Statistic Distribution of the Coupled Voltage Conclusion
6
Results and Discussion
Conclusion
Introduction
Theory
Measurement
Results and Discussion
Conclusion
Modification of the Existing Theory Changes in the source term of the Baum-Liu-Tesche equations: Distributed sources:
difference of tangential electric field between the forward and return conductor
7
Introduction
Theory
Measurement
Results and Discussion
Conclusion
Modification of the Existing Theory Changes in the source term of the Baum-Liu-Tesche equations: Distributed sources:
difference of tangential electric field between the forward and return conductor
Lumped sources:
integral of transverse electric field between the return and forward conductor
7
Introduction
Theory
Measurement
Results and Discussion
Conclusion
Modification of the Existing Theory Changes in the source term of the Baum-Liu-Tesche equations: Distributed sources:
difference of tangential electric field between the forward and return conductor
Lumped sources:
integral of transverse electric field between the return and forward conductor
Characteristic impedance: twice as large for a double-wire line as the corresponding impedance of a single-wire line (with equal cross-section dimensions)
7
Introduction
Theory
Measurement
Results and Discussion
Measurement Setup Inside a Reverberation Chamber Motor controller
Port 1
Vector network analyzer
GPIB
Balun
Port 2 50 Ω
Computer
Figure: Setup to measure the field-to-wire coupling 8
Conclusion
Introduction
Theory
Measurement
Results and Discussion
Measurement Setup Inside a Reverberation Chamber Motor controller
Port 1
Port 2
50 Ω
Balun
GPIB
Vector network analyzer
Computer
Figure: Setup to measure the quality factor of the chamber 9
Conclusion
Introduction
Theory
Measurement
Results and Discussion
Double-Wire Transmission Line Network (Basic Config.)
Line 3 Line 1
Line 2
10
Conclusion
Introduction
Theory
Measurement
Results and Discussion
Double-Wire Transmission Line Network (Basic Config.)
Line 3 Line 1
Open circuit
Line 2
10
100 Ω Balun
Conclusion
Introduction
Theory
Measurement
Results and Discussion
Termination of Line 1 and 2 with Open and Short Circuit
(a) Open circuit
(b) Short circuit
11
Conclusion
Introduction
Theory
Measurement
Results and Discussion
100 Ω Termination of Line 3 with the Balancing Unit
Port A
Port B
12
Conclusion
Introduction
Theory
Measurement
Results and Discussion
Measurement Parameters
Parameters: I 72 stirrer positions between 0° to 355° in steps of 5° I 501 frequency points between 200 MHz to 1 GHz in steps of 1.6 MHz
13
Conclusion
Introduction
Theory
Measurement
Results and Discussion
Conclusion
Quality Factor of the Reverberation Chamber From the scattering parameters between two antennas: π2V · Q = 16 · 3 λ ηtx ηrx
*
|S 21 |2 1 − |S 11 |2
+
Source: T. F. Trost and A. K. Mitra, “Electromagnetic compatibility testing studies”, Department of Electrical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA, Tech. Rep., Jan. 1996, Final Technical Report on Grant NAG-l-1510. [Online]. Available: http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19960020956.pdf, Eq. (3)
V = 180 m3 :
chamber volume
λ:
wavelength
ηtx = ηrx = 80 %: approximated efficiencies of the antennas
14
Introduction
Theory
Measurement
Results and Discussion
Conclusion
Frequency-Dependent Quality Factor of the Chamber 1
·104
Quality factor Q
0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95
Frequency f (in GHz) 15
1
Introduction
Theory
Measurement
Results and Discussion
Conclusion
Conversion: Scattering Parameters → Coupled Voltage Differential mode of the coupled voltage via the balun: U S 21 1 =q · · E0 h 1 − |S 11 |2 Abalun h
s
ωεV ZVNA Q
Derivation: J. Kasper, M. Magdowski, and R. Vick, “Measurement of the stochastic electromagnetic field coupling to transmission line networks of single-wire lines above a ground plane”, in International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC EUROPE), IEEE, Ed., IEEE Catalog Number CFP1606F-US, Breslau, Polen, Sep. 2016, pp. 234–239, isbn: 978-1-5090-1415-6, Sec. III.B.
E0 :
chamber constant
ZVNA = 50 Ω: characteristic impedance of the measurement system ω:
angular frequency
16
Introduction
Theory
Measurement
Results and Discussion
Coupling for Different Alignment Angles Line 1 Line 2
Line 3
90°
60° 0°
30°
17
Conclusion
Introduction
Theory
Measurement
Results and Discussion
Conclusion
Coupling for Different Alignment Angles Experiment: Simulation:
0° 0°
30° 30°
60° 60°
90° 90°
D E U L2,3 2 /(E0 h)2
10
1
0.1
0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95
Frequency f (in GHz)
18
1
Introduction
Theory
Measurement
Transmission Line Resonances Individual transmission line: I at periodic frequencies I depend on: I line length I terminations
19
Results and Discussion
Conclusion
Introduction
Theory
Measurement
Results and Discussion
Transmission Line Resonances Individual transmission line:
Transmission line network:
I at periodic frequencies I depend on:
I complex pattern of periodic frequencies I resonances of individual lines and interconnections I intensification or cancellation I also depend on:
I line length I terminations
I reflection and propagation at nodes
19
Conclusion
Introduction
Theory
Measurement
Results and Discussion
Coupling for Different Line Lengths
(a) 10 cm
(b) 20 cm
(c) 30 cm
(d) 40 cm 20
Conclusion
Introduction
Theory
Measurement
Results and Discussion
Conclusion
Coupling for Different Line Lengths Measurement:
10 cm
20 cm
30 cm
40 cm
50 cm
Simulation:
10 cm
20 cm
30 cm
40 cm
50 cm
D E U L2,3 2 /(E0 h)2
10
1
0.1
0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95
Frequency f in GHz
21
1
Introduction
Theory
Measurement
Results and Discussion
Influence of the Load Resistances Variation of the terminations at the beginning of line 1 and 2: 1. open circuit at line 1, open circuit at line 2 (Z L1,1 = Z L1,2 7→ ∞)
2. open circuit at line 1, short circuit at line 2 (Z L1,1 7→ ∞, Z L1,2 = 0) 3. short circuit at line 1, open circuit at line 2 (Z L1,1 = 0, Z L1,2 7→ ∞) 4. short circuit line 1, short circuit line 2 (Z L1,1 = Z L1,2 = 0)
22
Conclusion
Introduction
Theory
Measurement
Results and Discussion
Coupling for Different Load Resistances Measurement:
10
Z L1,1 = Z L1,2 7→ ∞
Z L1,1 7→ ∞, Z L1,2 = 0
D E U L2,3 2 /(E0 h)2
Z L1,1 = 0, Z L1,2 7→ ∞ Z L1,1 = Z L1,2 = 0 Simulation:
1
Z L1,1 = Z L1,2 7→ ∞ Z L1,1 7→ ∞, Z L1,2 = 0
Z L1,1 = 0, Z L1,2 7→ ∞ Z L1,1 = Z L1,2 = 0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
Frequency f in GHz 23
0.8
0.9
1
Conclusion
Introduction
Theory
Measurement
Results and Discussion
Conclusion
Cumulative distribution function
Normal Distribution of the Real and Imaginary Part 1
< {U }: Measurement Simulation = {U }: Measurement Simulation
0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 −3 −2.5 −2 −1.5 −1 −0.5
Normalized voltage
0
< {U }/σ
0.5
