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REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE I. REPORT 9W4Uell
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Elite Spec.ial Forces: Physiological Description
I'T"or"e'
and Ergoganic Influence of Blood Infusion______________
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Stpe 9. Muza, Michael N. Sawka, Andrew J. Young, Richard C. Dennis, Richard R. Gonzalez, James W.
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Martin, Kent B. Pandoif and C.R. Valeri I- PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NASIE AND AbbRESS
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U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine
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A.GOVT ACCESSION4 NO:S RECIFIENT'S CATALOG NUMBER
A' 4 TITLE (and Subtilul)
Natick, MA
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01760-5007
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MONITORING AGIENCY NAMEt 6 ADDRSS1(il different Itm Controlling Ollee)
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KEY WORDS (Coninuo en ryvwee aide itneseeary adIdeifIy by &leok aflie)
polycythemia, maximal oxygen uptake, exercise
e measurid the physical 9
is unlimited.
xercise capab
ties of U.S. Army Spec al Forces
lf*:ed maximal exercis treadmill s) c bjects blood reirifusion. Twel -2nvironment. Six S were later a"'~C dp -99) testing mn'a comfortable lucosetransfused;with a 600 ml autologous red blood :-ell (50% lHct) NaCi and 10-01ays phosphate holution and completed identical ma-,.imal exercise tears post-transfusion. Pro-trans(usion, the 12 Ss had a maximal oxygen\ take (VO" i f /mm n54 ml/kg/min with a heart rate of 188 10 max) 4.3O.56 JAN
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nd ventilatory.equivalent foroxygein o A1i ) or the 6 reinfused So, hemoglobin aud -ted cell volume-(RCV) increased I0t (P(O..0) and 11% (P,'O(05), roe ively, pos-rtansfusion.-1ainf sa1 incroase0.05) V02 max fro , 05llkglmin) and 4.630.21 5ml/kz/min) 'to 4.7 0.42 1/min ( *±In.4_L 426r0.22 1/min (56ml /kg/min) at 3 and 10 days post-transfusion, respectively. No ignificant relationship was found between the individual change in RCV and 02 max values pre- to post-transfusion. We conclude that Special Forces soldiers have high levels of aerobic fitness that can be further increased by blood rainfusion for at least 10 days.
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ELITE SPECIAL FORCES: PHYSIOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION AND ERGOGENIC INFLUENCE OF BLOOD REINFUSION
Stephen R. Muza, Ph.D., Michael N. Sawka, Ph.D., Andrew 3. Young, Ph.D., Richard C. Dennis, MJ7.,' Richard R. Gonzalez, Ph.D., 3ames W.Martin, M.D., Kent B. Pandoif, Ph.D. and C.R. Valeri, Md>",
US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine Natick, Massachusetts 01l760-3007 and
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Naval Blood Research Laboratory/Boston University School
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of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118
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Abbreviated Titles Elite Special Forces
Mailing Address:
Avriilrqblj it. ,u /o Avhi,1 :w
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Dr. Stephen R. Muza U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine Kansas Street Natick, MA 01760-3007 617-631-4834
Abstract We measured the physical exercise capabilities of U.S. Army Special Forces soldiers (male) and determined the subsequent ergogenic influence of autologous blood reinfusion. Twelve subjects (Ss) completed maximal exercise treadmill testing in a comfortable (Ta = 200C, Tdp = 90 c) environment. Six Ss were later transfused with a 600 ml autologous red blood cell (50% Hct) NaCl glucose-phosphate solution and completed identical maximal exercise tests 3 and 10-days post-transfusion.
Pre-transfusion, the 12 Ss had a maximal oxygen
uptake (002 max) of 4.36±0.56
/min and 55±4 ml/kg/min with a heart rate of
188&±10 b-min -1 and ventilatory equivalent for oxygen of 37±3.
For the 6
reinfused Ss, hemoglobin and red cell volume (RCV) increased 10% (P < 0.05) and 11% (P
