21 Jun 1988 ... grammar topics such as antonyms and ... bachillerato exam. The vocabulary
outlined in the course was taken directly from past exams in order ...
! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
!
English Bachillerato Prep Course A Guide to Preparing Students for the Ministry of Education’s Graduation Exam !
By Megon Coon, Ken Ferrell and Kevin Klott Peace Corps TEFL Volunteers Costa Rica ! !
Dear Fellow Volunteers, All high school seniors (11th grade for liceo and colegio académico, or 12th grade for colegio técnico) must pass the English graduation exam (bachillerato de inglés) in order to graduate from high school. This exam focuses entirely on reading comprehension skills, and without adequate preparation, passing this exam can be a major challenge for native Spanish speakers. Students are allowed two and a half hours to complete 70 multiple-choice questions. They will encounter 16 or 17 reading texts with two to six questions per text. The names of the subjects in the table below are listed as they appear in the Ministry of Education (MEP) curriculum. The subjects are also listed in order of appearance on the exam. In this manual, we 1. Achievements of Our National Athletes have changed some of the 2. Costa Rican Art, Music and Crafts subject names for 3. Costa Rican Typical Food simplification but the 4. Types of Food (recipes) content remains the same. Also included in the exam is a short grammar section that focuses on important grammar topics such as antonyms and synonyms, prefixes and suffixes, linking words, conjunctions, homographs, and homophones.
5. Eating Habits and Behaviors at the Table 6. Holidays and Celebrations in Costa Rica and Other English Speaking Countries 7. Causes and Effects of the Misuse of Natural Resources 8. Travel 9. Common Illnesses and New Diseases and Epidemics 10. Our Democratic Tradition 11. Careers, Jobs and Lifestyles 12. Science and Technology 13. Morals and Values 14. Mass Media and Communication
Important reading comprehension skills for the test include: deducing meaning from context, finding key words within a text, focusing on general meaning (not the meaning of every word), and understanding how modal verbs change a sentence’s meaning. Some important test taking skills for the test include: reading questions first to identify required information, using a process of elimination to discount nonsense answers, and identifying important words or phrases that can alter a question’s meaning (not, isn’t). The purpose of this manual is to provide the lesson plans, worksheets, and practice readings an instructor would need to conduct a preparatory course for the English bachillerato exam. The vocabulary outlined in the course was taken directly from past exams in order to best prepare students for actual language seen on the exam. The lessons were designed to be conducted mostly in Spanish, considering the low level of spoken English of many high school students. Good luck!
Megon, Ken and Kevin
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sELEccr6N 0nrce
Read the text. Choose the correct option that answers each question 11,2, 3,4, 5 and 6).
SPECIAL OLYMPICS FROM COSTA RICA
Erick,
a
33-year-old swimmer and the oldest son of Eli6cer
Zumbado and Aracelly Mora, was happy when he received the
news that he would be one of the five new members of the Costa Rican Sports Hall of Fame. Erick is the first athlete with a disability (Down syndrome) who is.part of the Hall of Fame. He attributes his achievement to his hard work and dedication to training and swimming tournaments under the guidance
of his trainer Heriberto Cespedes. Erick gets up at dawn from Monday
through
Saturday to travel from his home in Vuelta de Jorco in Aserrl to Desamparados to
work until 3:00 p.m. at the Labor Workshop of Good Will lndustries. After work, he goes to Barreal de Heredia to train from 3:30 p.m. to 5:30 p.m: swimming 3,700
meters. He began swimming at the age of 14, in 1989, when his parents d6cided to enroll him in a recreational swimming program in Heredia. Without realizing it, they were setting out on a road of success for the entire family. "Knowing that Erick had
Down syndrome was very painful because it is something that you never expect. We.were ovenrvhelmed at first, but we faced it," Mrs. Mora remembered. lnstead of
being disappointed, she and her husband accepted the situation and resolved to give Erick the opportunity to grow and succeed. Erick has won 48 medals'in local competitions, as well as nine awards in three Special Olympics World Games: Connecticut (USA) in 1995, North Carolina, USA in 1999 and Dublin, lreland, in 2003.
1)
,.
.t .'
'
., .,'
Howold'was Erick when he started training?
A) B) C) D) lN11-08
Just nine Fourteen
Thirtythree More than fourteen
2')
For how long has Erick,been swirnming?
A) B) C)
Since 1g9S For nineteen years For thirty-three years
D)'Sinee.hgiiias sgventeen 'tl ,l'
t
: . '*
3)
C) D) A!
I 4)
Around fourteen Less thal forty-nine More than forty eight Less than thirty-three
\Mrere does Erick go to train? He goes to train to
A) B) C) D) 6)
Advanced Beginners Professional Entertainment
How many medals has Erick won until now?
A) B) C) D)
-I
,.i
t''l' '
\A/hat type of program did Erick's parents enroil him?
A) B)
5)
. .-
Guadatupe Desamparados Vuelto de Jorco
Barrealde Heredia
What time does Erick train?
A) B) C) D) tN11-08
ln the evening ln the afternoon Very early in the morning ln the middle of the morning
2
t!
sELECcrOru 0nrCR Read the text below.
T:\
/ ADRIAN ROBERT: THE LEGEND
Adri6n Robert Bonilla was born onr March 24, 1966 in Barrio Escalante,. San Jos6, Costa Rica. He is Hilda Bonilla's and Fernando Robert's' youngest son: As a child, Adri5n was very healthy and energetic. Adri6n has four brothers, Fernando, Daniel, .:Enrique,' qnd Arturo. They taught him how to ride .motorcycles. The first time ,he rode one, he was eleven years old. All the males in the Robert family have almost'the same physical appearance, mainly the shape of their face. That is why many people ' get confused, and they are not.always sure about who is who,in the Robert family. AdriSn is a very skillful motordycle rider who has won 39 national competitions and 1,5 Latin American tournaments. He is considering retiring pretry soon frorn motocross. He will continue participating in motocross tournaments just for fun but not to compete.
t
\
Transtated a:nd adapted from'La NablOn ny Virgina Jara.
Based on the text above, choose the appropriate option that completes each sentence. (ltems from 1 to 5)
1)
Adri6n Robert is considered
A) B) C) D)
rN11-09
a very successful
motorcycle rider because he
is healthy and energetic has won many championships has won more than 39 national championships has the same physical appearance as his brothers
2)
This outstanding athlete has raced'not only. in Costa Rica but also
A) B) C) D) 3)
Barrio Escalante foreign countries his country San Jose
"
The writersaysthat:Adriin is.thinking of , ;
in
,,
,,
1,. ,,t .: ...
this sport as a pro{,essional ,' A) practicing B)' retiring gpm competitive racing
C) racing motorcycles D) havi4gafamily
'
l
4)
,
Adri6n had his first experience as a motorcycle rider when he was a(n)
A) B) C) D) 5)
. '
adult teenager young boy elderly man
.
Adridn has
A) won more national than international competitions B) won more internationalthan local competitions C) ridden motor.cycles professionatly all of his life D) "gotten confused during many competitions ,
|N11.09
.2
:
SELECCION UNICA Read the text below.
:
NATTONAL SURFTNG CHAMPTONSHTPS
Costa Rican summer has arrived in Jaco. Each year the countryls best talents fight against waves that occasionally reach great heights.
.
Diego Naranjo, Jason Torres, and.Gilbbrth Brown were the national champions in the Men's Open Category in 2007. -
.
Germain, "Nino" Myrie, was the national champion for the first time, in 2003. "Nino", came out on top after a rough final heat. "l want to compete well," he said at that moment; by mentioning "to compete well", he meant to fight against experienced and talented competitors. These competitors are former national champions with other international titles. So, "Nino" attacked each set as if it were the last one,. until he finally wo0" Torres, who was tne former Pan-American Jur$or Champion, won second place in the 2006-2007 National Circuit. He said, ulrly goal is to iecoming excellent ailrletes, ready to cornpete internationelly.
m5i.R.s;f.ryS!.rGlsi$Ef,_.:..:
8ai ed on the text above, from
1)
1to5)
The text is about two A) B)
c) D) lN31-
choose the appropriate optlon that cr::nlpleies each
-o9T
exceptional exams athletes' bietgraph ies water and indoor sports national surfing champions
sentence.
(rtems
r, :
'IEllllg***!ii
!r"::;;:.ry'
t'
2) '
Lisbeth Vindas has
A) B) C) D) 3)
won
competed in only just participated in
be better than Lisbeth
win over and over agaln be the yor-rngest girl from Jaco become an awardeci surfing champion
Lisbeth was the
A) B) C) D) 5)
lost
Bernold's best achievement at fourteen was to
A) B) C) D) 4,
'five surfing competitions.
best surfer of the Female Open Surfing Competition newest surfer in national competitions smartest maih student worst suder in Jaco
According to Vindas's own words,'she was day of the surfing competition.
A)
leaving her town
C) D)
taking the national math exam deciding to stop con-rpeting in surfing
lN3n-no.
\
the same
sElEccroru
0uca
Read the article and choose the option that answers each question correcly.
ALVARO SABORIO LEADING SOCCER PLAYER Alvar,s Saborfo Chac6n born on March 2lth, 1gB2 is a Gosta Rican:soccer player, .who currenfly plays striker for Deportivo Saprjssa of the Costa,Rican soccer league. Saborio was the leading goal-scorer of the 2003-200t4 Costa Rican season finishing the year with 25 goals, five above Whayne Wilson. H,e is also an irnportant player for the Costa Rica national soccer team at numerous levels. He represented the U23 team at the 2004 Olympics, scoring the qualifying goal that took them there, and subsequenfly playing 3 of 4 games for the team, scoring a goal against portugal. He has also been capped for the full national team, playing for the team during 2006 World Cup. With Saprissa, he has won a national championship and a CONCACAF Champions Cup, and was part of the team that played the 2005 FIFA Club World Championship Toyota Cup, where Saprissa finished third behind Sao Paulo Futebol Clube and Liverpool F.C. the tournament, he scored two goals and ended up tied with 3 more players as the top scorers.
At
1)
Whdt was Saborio's highest achievement in the season 2003-200 4? To
A) B) C) D) 2)
finish his contract with Deportivo Saprissa own the Costa Rican Soccer League score a total of 2lgoals meet Whayne Wilson
What teams has he played for?
A) B) C) D)
Saprissa and the U-23
Liverpool F.C. and Portugal Olympics and Liverpool F.C.
Sao Paulo Clube and Saprissa 2
3)
What soccer championship did Saborio's team win? championship 'The
A) B) Cl D)
4)
CONCACAF 2004 OlymPics FIFA Ctub
World ,
Sao Paulo Futebol Cluber
what intemational toumament did he participate in? The
A) ToYota B) Portugal C) 2}OzWorld D) National Team
5)
What was Saborio's most recent achievement? To
A) B) C) D)
6)
!I
play against WhaYne Wilson finish third in the ToYota CuP score 2 goals in the OlYmPics be part of the National'Team in the World Cup
Where has Saborio scored rRore goals? ln
A) OlympicchamPionshiPs B) national tournaments , C) Liyerpool, England D) world cups 3
cup
SELECCION UNICA Read the following text
JUAN ARNOLDO CAYASSO
-x'WjJuanArnoldo.Cayasso,bornonJune24,1g61,isaCosta nican soccer player who shone during the 1980s and 1990s.
"'-ryf,j #h g
f
Cayasso played in Qosta Rica.for two teams, starting out in L.D.
'uffi
rf {.
Alajuelense in the early 80's, and later switching to their arch:
rivals Saprissa before the 1988 s,eason. His transfer caused a lot
of national attention, due to the fact that he was considered one of the most talented players in Costa Rica at the time.
Cayasso won'several national championships, both with Saprissa and Alajuela, as
well as two CONCACAF Champions Cup titles, with L.D. Alajuelense in 1986 anci with Saprissa in 1995. He also played regularly with Costa Rica's National Team, and he is usually remembered for scoring the first Costa Rican goal in a World Cup, against Scotland during the 1990 Worfd Cup. During the early 90's, Cayasso played in the German Bundesliga with Stuttgarter Kickers, and later came back to Saprissa,
where he retired. Then, he coached the soccer,team in Limon,' his,hometown,
in
Costa Rica's second division. Adapted from www. e n.wikiped
ia. orglwikifiu a n_cayasso
Based on the text above, choose the appropriate option that completes each sentence. (ltems from 1 to 5)
1)
Cayasso began playing soccer with the Alajuela Team
A) B) C) D)
rN21-09
in the BOs befor:e 1980 in June,1961 in the early 90's
2)
Juan Arnoldo Cayasso
A) B) C) D) 3)
After playing in,Germany, Juan Arnoldo played for
A) B) C) 'D)
4,
played in Scotland played only in Costa Rica never won a championship scored a goal in a World Cup
Saprissa
_
.,
Alajuelense
Lim6n'S team'
StuttgarterKickers
During the 19Sfs and 1990s, Cayasso
A)
B) , C) D)
became the trainer of Limonense
was the Stuttgarter Kickers'best player became the only champion of AlAjuelense' 'was known as one of the best nationalsoccer players n,
5)
Cayasso retired when he was playing
A) B) C) D)
rN21-09
SaPrissa I' ' '
with : with the Bundbsliga in the second division only with the nationalteam
,
2
Claudia Maria Poll Ahrens holds a distinct place among Costa Ricans, as the only Costa Rican to ever win an Olympic gold medal. As a short-distance swimmer, she also has won more Olympic medals than any other Costa Rican. She attained this status during the Atlanta Olympic Games in 1996, winning the 200-meter freestyle. Later, at the 2000 Sydney Games, she won two bronze medals. Her gold was not only the first for a Costa Rican, but for any person from Central America. Poll was born in Nicaragua on December 21, 1972 to parents who had emigrated from Germany. Her family moved to Costa Rica when she was very young after an earthquake and rising political tensions. Her family includes her older sister, Silvia, also an Olympic medal-winning swimmer. Aside from swimming, Poll graduated from university with a degree in Business Administration in 1998. She had her first child, a daughter, in 2007, just a year after setting records at the Central American and Caribbean Games. 1. Claudia Poll’s parents are from what country: a. Costa Rica b. Nicaragua c. Germany d. Spain 2. Claudia Poll won her first Olympic medal in which city: a. Sydney b. San José c. Athens d. Atlanta 3. In total, Poll has won how Olympic medals: a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. 1 4. Claudia Poll represents the country she was born in, in the Olympics.
True
False
5. Claudia Poll is the only member of her family to swim in the Olympics. True
False
6. Claudia Poll was not the first Central American to win a gold medal.
False
7. In what year did Poll give birth to her first child?
True
__________________
During his career with the Costa Rican national soccer team, Paulo Wanchope scored 45 goals, the second most in the history of the team. He is one of the most famous soccer players in Costa Rica’s history, not just for his goals on the national team, but also for his play for professional clubs in Europe. Born Pablo César Wanchope Watson in Heredia in 1976, he was known as Paulo Wanchope as a player. Wanchope began his soccer career with CS Herediano, a soccer team playing in Costa Rica’s top league. When he was just 20 years old, he was signed to play for Derby County of the English Premier League. He played for Derby County with great success for two years and was then sold to West Ham United, where he enjoyed another two successful years, and then was sold to Manchester City. During his time at Manchester City, Wanchope suffered multiple injuries to his knee, but still scored some important goals for the team. After seven seasons in England, Wanchope played professionally in Spain, Argentina, Qatar, Costa Rica, Japan, and the United States. He was never able to play as well as he had before his knee injury though. On the international scene, Wanchope achieved his greatest success in the 2006 World Cup, when he scored two goals in a single game. He also played in the 2002 World Cup. Wanchope retired in 2007.
1. Paulo Wanchope played for all of the following teams except: a. CS Herediano b. Manchester United c. West Ham United d. Derby County 2. Wanchope’s best moment in international soccer occurred during the: a. 1998 Gold Cup b. 2002 World Cup c. 2006 World Cup d. 1998 World Cup 3. Wanchope played the majority of his career in: a. Costa Rica b. Spain c. England d. Argentina 4. Wanchope suffered injuries while playing for: a. Malaga b. West Ham United c. Manchester City d. Derby County 5. How many goals has Wanchope scored for the Costa Rican national team?__________ 6. The first foreign team Wanchope played for was: ______________________ 7. How many World Cups has Paulo Wanchope played in? _____________
Hanna Gabriel Valle is a Costa Rican world champion boxer. She is the current world champion in the junior middleweight (70 kgs) category for the World Boxing Organization. She was born in 1983 and was raised in an athletic family; her father was a boxer and her brother is a professional soccer player. As a teenager, Hanna competed in track and field, but injuries forced her to stop running. After many years without competing in any sports, Hanna’s father recommended she start boxing to stay healthy. She began competing in 2007 and won her first fight by knockout. Her career record is 11-0-1 and she has won six of her fights by knockout. She first won a world championship in 2009, but soon lost the title. After again winning the junior world championship in 2010, she has successfully defended it twice. 1. Gabriel is the world champion for what category? ____________________ 2. Who inspired Gabriel to begin boxing?
__________________
3. What is the weight limit for Hanna Gabriel’s boxing category? _________________ 4. Gabriel has won ______ fights by knockout a. 7 b. 11 c. 1 d. 6 5. What is Hanna Gabriel’s brother’s profession? a. personal trainer b. boxer c. soccer coach d. soccer player 6. When did Gabriel first become a world champion? a. 2011 b. 2007 c. 2009 d. 2010
Bryan Ruiz González is an internationally known soccer player from Costa Rica. He currently plays for FC Twente and the Costa Rican national team. He has occasionally been the captain of the Costa Rican national team. He plays as a forward but can also play as a midfielder. In two years playing for Twente he has scored 33 goals. He has also scored nine goals for his national team. Ruiz was born in 1985 in San José. He began playing professionally for Alajuelense, a team in Costa Rica’s top professional league, when he was 18 years old. After playing three seasons with Alajuelense, Ruiz moved to KAA Gent of the top league in Belgium. He would play two seasons there, and would be the team’s top scorer and captain during one of those seasons. He then moved to his current team, Twente. During the 2009-10 season, Ruiz was the top scorer for Twente and helped them become the champions of the top league in the Netherlands. 1. Bryan Ruiz is always the captain of the Costa Rican national team.
True
2. Which of the following teams has Ruiz not played for? a. Alajuelense b. KAA Gent c. Twente d. PSV Eindhoven 3. During which season did Ruiz lead Twente in scoring? a. 2008-09 b. 2007-08 c. 2010-2011 d. 2009-10 4. How long did Ruiz play for KAA Gent?
____________________
5. What position does Ruiz play? ____________________
False
Rolando Fonseca is one of the most famous players in Costa Rican soccer history. His 47 goals for the Costa Rican national team are the most by any player in the country’s history. He has played for the national team during most of two decades and finished his international career in 2011 with 112 appearances. Professionally, he has had a long and successful career both in his native Costa Rica and abroad. At three different times, he has played for Comunicaciones of the Guatemalan league. He played for both Saprissa and Alajuelense in Costa Rica, winning two championships with Saprissa and four with Alajuelense. Fonseca will be remembered both for his great goal scoring ability and his longevity, playing top-level soccer for more than twenty years. 1. Fonseca only played professional soccer in Costa Rica.
True
False
2. Fonseca won more championships with Alajuelense than with Saprissa. True
False
3. Rolando Fonseca played for Comunicaciones multiple times.
False
4. How many games did Fonseca play for his nation’s team? a. 112 b. 47 c. 147 d. 201 5. Fonseca’s career could be described as: a. short and prolific b. long and average c. successful and brief d. long and successful
True
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MARGARITAB.ERTEI.EAU' , ' ",i ONE OF CO STA RICA' S IVtrO,ST' F.f*IgE Am_ffXggg',l I
Margarita Bertheatr was born in: .
:
j
t,:
and
j
died in 1975. She stu'died artistic, j
i
San Jos6, Costa Rica in fgil'B
painting and:ballet in C-trba,,sp6 .is'1 ii . ,...,1i
Colombia. Fler aonttib-uttlon to,the'
,1:!
in
Costa 'Rica.: was , '. :. i ,,.,'a! ., important since; .in: adi1ition, to i
ballet
being a professor and a choreographer at the Ballet Academy, she d,es-igned, of the.board of the School
Arts of the University of Costa Rica
l:,i
,',i
of, 'i
in 1942. Her teaching of the watercotor, : :j
technique and the force of her personality, manaEed to create a true school in that dispipline. For the first time in Costa Rica she was allowed to, teaeh. with nude models.'Her pictorialwoik is vast and varied. lt shows not only a,diversity'of '''l'!
subjects and techniques, but a wonderful use of color and gr-eat freedom
in,,,the'
outline and claroscuro. She used the watercolor technique most, but her oil paintings were also of great success. She made a series of rnurals',to-the,jresh t'
,i
air of very well obtained dimensions. She also painted abstract works, althoqgh , j I ' , ';;;' this technique was not very popular in her time. "j.'
7)
The artist Margarita Bertheau
A) B) C) D)
had no success with oil paintinEs contributed to Costa Rican arts rnanaged only one technique made just a couple of murals
4
}
8)
Bertheau was the first artist who could
A) B) C) D)
9)
create a ballet academy in Colombia study artistic Painting in 1913 have a limited'Pictorialwork
use nude models
in her paintings.
Margarita Bertheau used
A) B) C) D)
a varietY of subjects only the human figure
just the watercolor technique numerous mountain landscaPes
artist(s)'in Costa Rica who painted abstract
10) Margarita Bertheau was . works at her time.
A)
the last
C) D)
one of the few. one of the manY
She held an honorable Position
A) in the Colombian Ballet AcademY B) at the Universrty of Costa Rica C) at the School of Arts in Cuba D) in the School of DisciPline 5
Read the text. Choose the best alternative to complete each sentence.
4
tF*
6)
One of Sarchils greatesttourist attractions is its
A) B) C) D)
unusual tour buses multicolored churcfr handmade factories delighttul light btue square
.;'
7l
The
A) B) C) D)
8)
:.
relatd to those of &e orcar'ts.
size and,shape indoor decor:ations
olors ad designs numerous fumishirgs
Many touris$'mm6 to $archi
A) B) C) D)
9)
of the chureh are
to buy handmade fumiture to sell handmade crafts in delighttul blue colors on a traditional oxcart
The
A) B) C) D)
have turned into Sarchi's most significant art crafl church fumiture factories small square villages olors of the church handmade oxcarts
ri
Read the text below.
ART GALLERY IN COSTA RICA :
; To find a small, quaint art,galtery in Costa Rica, one
'
must be willing to search. 'Especiafly now that rainy
r days seem like they are here to stay, leaving the i
cornforts of home to go in search of good art can be a {i comforts A u challenge. But imagine the possibility of viewing and
\l
! purctrasing
high-quality contemporary art and design
online gatlery, Sylvia Rodriguez, director of The Fine Arts Cellar, has bridged a gap between CentralAmerican artists and art enthusiasts around the world.
The Fine Arts Cellar has two different f,acets: the physical gallery in the eastern San Jos6 suburb of San Pedro and the on-line gallery,at ww-w.lneaftcellar.com
The small gallery spice is like a hidden treasure. During a visit last month, large paintings by Costa Rican artist Marianela Salgado filled the space with an exhibit entitled "Unnumbered Series". The paintings were largg, textured, colorful and full of hidden images and symbols, Her art is unique !n the sense that the more you look at it, the more subtleties you
encounter.
tF
Based on the text above, choose the appropriate option to complete each sentence. (ltems from 6 to 10)
6)
A web site
A) B) C) D)
lN21-09
an online virtual gallery to feature various artists.
offers needs closes prepares
3
,!
7)
to buy pieces of art through the lnternet.
ln Costa Rica it is
B)
:possible
,
;;::. C) ''impnobable::' ,,.,-1
,D),
'
'a disad,teritage
\,
:
'l
: : r I F. l:
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8)
Sylvia
A) '
.,,
r
l;
Rodriguez
::
owns
, B),' manages ;i: .,i ,:; i : : G),- 6ssitned ', ., t .,
'o)
exhibited
:
9)
the Fine Arts Cellar'
j
'-'
: l
.
'
'
in -
.
:
' l:
'
: ''
i : :'
. , Marianeta Salgado's works of ariare j
. .1',,,A) . Purcllased.fast
B) , C) ' ' D) 10)
,
lacking texture
full of symbols without color
'
in San Pedro.
The Fine Arts Cellar
A) B) C) D)
lN21-O9
will rent a gallery bought paintings searches places has its location
4
! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
!
Homework Readings Art and Music !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Read the article and choose the alternative that best answers each question.
TICO TRUMPETER IN INTERNATIONAL GOMPETITION
A Costa Rica, trurnpeter is one of five semifinalists invited to compete in Ellsworth Smith lnternational Solo Trumpet Competition in Birmingham, Alabama. Luis Miguel Araya, from
Alajuela, stands
to win a first-place prize of
$10,000 or a second-place prize of $5,500 in an event With notable trumpeters from around the world.
Araya is one of Costa Rica's most distinguished players of classical and Latin music for the
{,',
trumpet. He has played in ensembte and solo before audiences in Venezuela, sweden, Japan, puerto Rico and the United states. He started his musical training at the conservat"ri"
c"r;;, ;;;;
the University of Costa Rica, then earned a Master of Music from Loyola University in New Orleans. Presently, he is Second Trumpet w1h the Costa Rican National Symphonic Orchestra and teaches at the National lnstitute of Music.
Luis Miguet Araya was invited to compete after submitting an unedited recording of his music for evaluation, and will stand oft four other
musicians, two from the United States, one from Canada "grinrt and the fourth from
Hungary. This event is held every four years and is sponsored by the
{J,
lnternational rrumpet Guird and the columbus Foundation of ohio.
n
Where will the trumpet competition be?
A) B) C) D)
ln Alajuela ln Alabama
ln Costa Rica il
Around the world
:x H
4
,*
$ 's tg rlH
#
8)
Where has Araya played the trumpet? ln
A) ' B) C) D)
9)
JaPan and Canada
Venezuela and Paris Hungary and Sweden
Puerto Rico and JaPan
What will the Prizes consist of?
Classical and Latin music A) ': B) AtriP around the world C) Large sums of moneY D) Notable trumpets
I
10)
when do the organizers develop this intemational competition?
A) B) C) D)
11)
Every four Years
After receiving a Prizeof $5,000 Before audiences play in Venezueta
I
Before submitting unedited recordings
plays What does Luis Miguel Araya do in the present? He
A) B) C) D)
with the Columbus Foundation
the fourth trumPet in Hungary with a sYmPhonic orchestra in New Orleans
5
Read the text below.
PRE.COLUMBIAN GOLD COLLECTION
Museum offers tourist inforrnation, gruided tours for groupS, and, a gift lop: Here, visitorsrcan find a variety of works by Costa Rican artisand: books, publications- and replicas of the: gold pieces with profound symbolic content and expressions of the mythological thought of indigenous groups. Representations of varied fauna and , humans with animal attributes demonstrate thei 'blending' of real and mythological worlds. According to indigenous belief, what"was interestind waq n-oi the anirnaf itself but its essential qualities. Costa Rican gold$miths primari!;{ depicted birds, toads, and frogs in their designs, both as individual figures and as forming paf of human figures' Without a doubt, the ornaments that accompanied warriors and .priests in special activities, such as wars, were a fundamental part of their personalities, representing guidance, protection and defense for their communities.
Based on the te.xt above, choose the appropriate optiorl to complete each'sentence(ltems from 6 to 10)
6)
ln the museum, there is an exhibit of three different collections.
A) B) C) D)
tN11-09N
cerdmics, urban design, and indigenous figures mythology,"goldsmiths, and human figur.es ornaments, warriors, and protection gold, ceramics, and fine arts
3
.t
7) ,
lf one of the gold pieces in the exhibit catches your interbst, you can
,'
A) B)
:
C-)
'D)
look for a duplicate in,the gift shop show the figure of animal attributes repr:oducb an object in the gift shop demonStrate their mythological world ii"l
{
8)
lndigenousipeopleblended real --.-.: world, -.--'. I \
A) - B) C) D) 9)
to join:mythology and the l
joads and frogs fauna'ahd mylhology Qirds;
animals and',humans lndians and humans
The exhibitio4 of this collection is sponsored by
A) B) C) D)
indigenous groups Plaza de la Cultura Pre-Columbian artisans the Central Bank of Costa Rica
'.
10)
Besides the exhibitions,'the museum has other sections like
A) B) Cj D)
rN11-09N.
a gift shop an additional bank a room for priests and personalities the war protection and defense community
Read the
text. Choose the correct option to answer each question
(7, 8, 9, 10 and.11).
NATIONAL SYMPHONY ORCHESTRA VISITING JAPAN
The National Symphony Orchestra has had a great experience in Japan for a week.
This Symphony Orchestra gave four concerts that featured works of Costa Rican composers such as Benjamin Guti6rrez and Eddie Mora. Preceding the shows in
that country, the National Symphony Orchestra offered a couple of concerts to inaugurate a Music Hall in France. Accompanying the orchestra were the renowned pianist Jacques Sagot and soprano lvette Rojas. ConcertS culminated in a performance at Kobe lnternational House, on September
12, after a series of presentations in several Japanese cities including: Kanazawa,
Fukui, and Aichi. The visit was sponsored by the Ministry of Culture, Youth and Sports, several Costa Rican companies, as wetl as by the Japanese government.
7)
How many performances did the National Symphony Orchestra offer in the inauguration of the Music Hall in France?
A) B) C) D)
Just two Almost four Around twelve More than three
l'I .1: ,.:::
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3
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8)
why did the National symphony orchestra go to Franee? To participate in the launch of
A) B) C) D) 9)
What do Benjamin Guti6nez and Eddie Mora do? They
A) B) C) D)
.f 10)
C
11)
are music writers are piano performers accompany the group rnanage the orchestra
According to the writer, where did the National Symphony Orchestra perform the last concert? ln the
A) B) C) D)
,.
Eddie Mora's work drawing exhibitions a musical auditorium a nationat muiicat festival
Music Hall Japanese park Kanazawa companies lnternational House in Kobe
Based on the reading, how was the National Symphony Orchestra's experience?
A) B) C) D)
tN11-08
Outstanding Not very nice A litfle fantastic Not really great
4
Read the text. Choose the appropriate alternative to complete each sentence.
THE NATIONAL THEATER
The world-renowned prima Donna, Adelina appeared with a traveling opera company Guatemala, but could not perform in Costa Rica because there was no appropriate theater. ln response, newly rich coffee'merchants financed I
the construction of a theater with a tax on every bag of coffee exported from the country. Belgian architects
were called in to design and supervise the building, and the metal structure was ordered from Belgian mills. Painters and decorators were brought from ltaly, along with that country's famous marble. The National Theater was inaugurated in 1894 with
$unod's Faust and an"opening-night cast that included singers from the Paris Opera. A source of cultural pride, the theater was made into a national monument in 1965. Extensive restoration work has recently renewed its beautiful ceiling paintings and sumptuous d6cor.
Costa Rica's National Youth Symphony Orchestra was inaugurated
in
1972 by ex-
quote: "We need to concern ourselves not only with the standard of living but the quality of life as wetl. Why have tractors without violins?" Many of the young musicians trained in the Youth Symphony have graduated to participate in the National Symphony, which pe.rformed in the National Theater. President Figuere's famous
lnternationally famous guest directors and soloists were often featured.
7)
The National Theater was built because
A) B) C) D)
architects from Belgium donated it' President Figueres said it was important a famous singer had nowhere to perform Costa Ricans wanted to see a Paris Opera
\ tN11-0712
3
8)
could perform atthe National
According to the *ritert Theater
A) B) C) D)
Everyone Only well known artists i: Newly rieF,rcof_@$r.orruers Just paint+r*:aRddbebetors .!::,.
1,,:j
9) :erchiGct$,,ftora,
A) B) C) D)
5
$upervised the-building of the National Theater.
ltaly France Belgium Costa Rica
10) ' Materials used to build'the.National Theater were brought from
-
A) B) C) D)
11)
According to the text, Theater.
A) B) C) D)
tN11-0712
ltaly and France Belgium and ltaly France and Belgium ltaly, Belgiurn, and France
paid for the building of the National
tax on coffee Belgian architects presider{t Figueres' the National Symphony
4
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Read the a(icle and choose the alternative that best answers each question.
I{E CARIBBEAN CU
The caribbean cuisine is very well recognized, in Lim6n and all over the country due to the mastery in the preparation of delicious dishes.
Making use of rich condiments and ingredients characteristic of the African legacy, they are combined with the flavors of different regions that, like their people, obtain an exquisite mix. The traditions have L""n transmitted from one generation to another one, and stiil the youngest generations know and maintain the traditional and authentic flavor of their meals.
To travel to Lim6n and not taste its delights is like not going at all. ln order to try the true Lim6n taste you must have ,lrond6n,,, ,,rice
a
and
beans", "pati", and the "agua de sapo", a refreshment prepared with lemon juice, molasses (a dark brown syrup produced during the refining of sugar), ginger roots and something erse... famiry secret, ."rn* ,r, we don't have to recommend a restaurant to try the Lim6n derights, at any small "soda" (cafeteria) you can have a great fish with caribbean sauces, patties and sweet homemade desserts. The locals in every town are the best gastronomic guides and they can recommend the best places and foods to order.
6
\ HowhasthemixofdifferentlegaciescontributedtoCaribbeancuisine? It has Provided
B)
many condiments and flavors a very limited legacY
c)
a few ingredients
D)
no traditions
A)
13) What culture shavecontributedtotheCaribbeancuisine?
A) B) C)
OnlY the African OnlY the new generation
Those from Africa and other regions
D)Cultureswithoutauthenticflavorsintheirmeals
14)WhatcharacteristicsdefinetheCaribbeancuisine?
A) B) C) D)
Poor preparation with lack of traditions Non-authentic flavors and few condiments Diverse ingredients and proper preparation The absence of African and regional legacy
15) which traditional
A) B) C) D)
recipe has a "secret ingredient"?
Rice and beans Agua de saPo Rond6n Patti
7
Read the text below.
Every culture has used the flesh and milk of the coconut
in its own way. "Not shy" is one 'way to describe the coconut milk presence in many Caribbean stews and dishes. For example, the famous "rondon" or "rundown",
, a traditional Afro-Caribbean
dish from the Caribbean
province of Limon, is usually made for a large group. "Rondon" is a seafood stew
featuring local tubers such as "yucca'r (cassava or manioc) and "camote" (a type bf I
e' .-$'-
i(n
Caribbean sweet potato). The stew is gently simmered and'exquisitely spiced with "cinnamon, allspice, ginger, coffee and hot chilies. The Caribbean version of curry, "rond6n" is a must when visiting Puerto Viejo and Cahuita.
Another exarn;ie of the coconut's use is rice and beans, Limon's delicious "gallo pinto", made with, refreshing coconut milk, diff€rent spices and,peppers, regularly accompanying baked chicken with coconut
coconut is
r*-
ed
.
r
glqvi: ln other
parts of Costa Rica, the
sweets and desserts. Look for classic "cocadas" or delicious
"tartaras" which are baked in pastry of coconut and molasses.
'
Based on the text above, choose the appropriate alternative to answer each question.
(ltems from 11 to 15)
11)
What ingredient do l'rondon" and rice and beans have in common?
A) B) C) D)
tN21-09
Cassava Coconut Sweet potato Baked chicken
5
A) B)
'
Two Five
',',E)'J,fq1gg
': ':
I
,13) ''Should people use flavsr':t'd nrake, rice:4rd beans?
; ,, ' I A). " Yes', they'shou'ld use flavors. :
D)
''
No, people do not need any flavors at all.
,14) ,What is !rpnd6n'made of? lt is prepared with
I
A), ,,fiCe,and fleSh fish
C) D) 15)
,,,.
'"
,
,
refilled hot peppers chicken full of curry
Which one of the dishes has Afiican roots?
A) "Tdrtaras" B) "Cocadas" C)
"Rundoffi"
D)
"Gallo
rN21-oE
pinto"
.
.
:
''
6
':
3,n:1:* l?:"t?f
below, choose the appropriate oprion to comprete each staterns;.11.
-t
The Pear-Shaped Fruit
11)
I I
"Chayotes" are they are futty mJtureC
I
ln the southern . United States, "chayotes"
A) B) C) D)
I
I I
are
known as mirliton
or
christophene.
sweet smooth fteshy and spiny crunchy and pale
12) ln the United States, christophenes
1-hey appear in a
usually substitute
number of recipes complernenting and substituting squash iri Creoie and Cajun
A) B) C) D)
cooking.
The
pear-shapecl fi.uit is pale or dark green, and pecple eat it as young
squash potatoes cassavas sweet potatoes
and
tender 4O-tlay_ol,j baby fruits (which are crunchy, slveet ancl fast lo cook) or as larger, fuily rnature, gO_day_old, fist_sized fruit, mCIre v.va,tery,,, usually thorny
' 13) A tender ,,cha1rote,,
A) B) C) D)
and with
tough skin, vueighirrg up to 500 grams -i-hir each CIr ffore. ,,chayote,, root is a
tuber delicacy thal can replace root
vegetables *clrclr as potatoes, cassavas or sWeel potatuei.
T-he
"cha_vi:te's,. so_called
cooks rapidly is more watery has hard dark skin weighs up to 500
14) A characteristic it
A) B) C) D)
bland flavor
allovr-s it to receive a certain amount of a ggressivc sea-soning iviihout losing any of its character. -l-his, along with its
grarns
of the ,,chayote,, .---J is that
has a sour flavor replaces root vegeta b les changes flavor without seasoninq keeps its own quality even if spiced
unique
shape aniJ versaiility, adds style and e\otic flavor to dishes
from all over the r1rr:rld. lts relatively low cost is an added
bQnu-*.
Adapted from the lnternet rN3
-l
-o9T
15)
The price of a mirliton is considered very
A) B) C) D)
inexpensive unaffordable inconvenient unreasonable
Empanadas Throughout Costa Rica, small restaurants and stands can be found selling empanadas. These small stuffed pastries, (like a turnover) which are baked or fried, are an incredibly popular dish in Costa Rica. In general, the most popular empanadas in Costa Rica are made with corn dough and filled with cheese, or cheese with seasoned meats. Somewhat unique to Costa Rica are empanadas filled with cubed potatoes or with rice and beans. Sweet empanadas are made with wheat flour and in Costa Rica are normally filled with pineapple, guava, or squash jelly or dulce de leche (a caramel like sauce). Empanadas trace their roots from the Spanish word empanar, which means to coat in bread. They trace their roots to Northeastern Spain and Portugal during medieval times. These original empanadas were usually filled with seafood and vegetables. It is thought that they were inspired by samosas brought by the Arabs, when they ruled the Iberian Peninsula. Brought to Latin America by Spanish colonists, they are now a mainstay throughout Costa Rica. 1. Sweet empanadas are often filled with ____________________________________ 2. Empanadas come from ______________ a. France and Italy b. Portugal and Spain c. Mexico d. Spain and Italy 3. Empanadas are a type of ___________ a. cake b. pastry c. pasta d. cookie 4. In Costa Rica, empanadas are filled with meat and cheese.
True
False
5. It is believed that samosas were brought by the Persians to Spain.
True
False
6. The only way to prepare empanadas is to bake them.
True
False
Popular throughout the coastal regions throughout the Americas, ceviche is a seafood dish made with raw fish. Ceviche is made by marinating raw fish in citrus juices (like lemon or lime). Chili peppers, onion, salt, and pepper are put into the citrus juice to add flavor. Ceviche is almost always prepared fresh, and traditionally it took about three hours to marinate completely, but now there are faster ways to prepare it. Various types of fish or other seafood are used depending on the region, and different regions eat ceviche with different side dishes as well. It is thought that ceviche was first made in Peru in the 16th century, as the local foods and foods brought over by the Spanish colonists were combined. Because Peru was one of the major centers of the Spanish American colonies, the dish spread quickly throughout the region. Ceviche only recently gained popularity in the United States, even though it had been eaten for centuries throughout the rest of the Americas. 1. Ceviche is served the same way throughout Latin America.
True
False
2. It is thought that ceviche was first made in Spain.
True
False
3. Ceviche has been popular in the United States for a long time.
True
False
4. The fish used in ceviche is usually cooked first.
True
False
5. Ceviche is popular in what type of regions? a. mountainous b. rural c. hilly d. coastal 6. Ceviche used to take how long to make? a. 2 hours b. 4 hours c. 3 hours d. 30 minutes 7. What fruit is used to make ceviche? a. apple b. pineapple c. lime d. grape
! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
!
Homework Readings Costa Rican Food !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Read the text and choose the correct option to complete each sentence.
is
a
15) Banana leaves are used
to
14) La Casa de Dofia Lela DO YOU WANT TO ENJOY EATING OUTSIDE?
A) B) C) D)
"La Casa de Doffa Lela" offers You the most varied typical food in its four locatipns around San Jos6. Main
courses
are served on
wooden
platters covered with banana leaves. Troops of waiters serve portions of food of all shapes and sizes to large family gatherings, most consisting of three generations. High chairs are provided for the tots, and a sPecial kiddies' menu is available and served with a variety of trimmings. However, there is no seafood on the menu. All main courses come with rice, refried beans, tortillas, fried sweet plantain, picadillo (diced potatoes or vegetables, or a mixture of both). The restaurant is not licensed to serve alcohol (beers, wine, rums, etc.), but
offers a selection of non-alcoholic beverages such as: horchata, fresh
A) B) C) D)
vegetarian restaurant sea food restaurant typical restaurant fruit market
serve alcohol cover plafters serye seafood provide the tots
16) The menu
of this
restaurant
fruit drinks, agua dulce, etc.
A) B) C) D)
includes seafood includes vegetables doesn't include drinks doesn't include food for kids
17) At Dofia Lela's restaurant, allowed to sell
A) B) C) D)
7
alcohol picadillos agua dulce refried beans
it is not
Read the text. Choose the correct alternative to complete each sentence (19 and
20).
COMPARING EATING HABIT$ The main difference between Chinese and
western eating habit
is that unlike
the
West, where everyone has their own plate of food, in China the dishes are placed on the table and everybody shares. lf you are being treated by a Chinese host be prepared for a wide variety of dishes. Chinese are very proud of their culture of ,cuisine and will do their best to show their hospitality. Sometimes the Chinese
host uses their chopsticks to put food in your bowl or plate; this is a sign of politeness. The appropriate thing to do would be to eat it and say how yummy it is. lf you feel uncomfortable with this, you can just say a polite thank you and leave the food there. Don't stick your chopsticks upright in the rice bowl. lnstead, lay them on your dish. The reason for this is that when somebody dies, the shrine to them contains a bowl of sand or rice with two sticks of incense stuck upright in it. So if you stick your chopsticks in the rice bowl, it looks like this shrine and is equivalent to wishing death upon a person at the table!
19)
Chinese people
A) are very proud of their, gastronomic culture g) Oistite to have a variety of food on the table C)
1) 20)
have problems showing the use of their utensils like to put the chopsticks upright in the rice bowls
According to the writer, a sign of Chinese hosts' politeness is when they
A") B)
0
s) lN?1-nR
ask guests to sit down serve guests their beverages keep an enjoyable conversation with their guests put food in the guest'bowl with their own chopstick
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Read the text. ,
SL,oBAL,W.ARM|NG
J
: 'a
.,:
ffi##iffififffiktTffflil$fi:ffffi
i a
since the mid-2Oh century is very expected due to the observedincrease in greenhouse gas .on""ntr"tions:"
@s
The term "global warming" refers (in common usage) to the recedt warming of the gJimate, and it implies a human influence. Thus, the'term "climate change', is'used ior human'-caused change, and "climate variabillty" for other cha4ges.'
Climate models referenced by the IPCC project that global surface temperaturejs are likelytoincrease by 1.1 to 6.4"C between 1990 and 2100. Some effects of ,,global warming" include changes in agricultural yields; glacief - retreat:, reduced srrnr"r' .stream'flowS, species extinctions; sea levbl ris€, intensity bf extreme weagfer events, tn9 amount and pattern bf precipitatiori resufiing in floods an'd drought, and thanges , increases.in the rangeS of,diseases.:.
!
' '
,
r:!
ihe
climate system varies through natural, internal processes and iri rebponse to changes in external factorS, which include solar activity, volcanic emission's; variations^ in the earth's orbit and greenhouse gases+ Contrbstinj with the'scientin" lonr"n;; i;^ that the warming/is caused by natural fluctuations in the climate or that warming is mainly a result of variations in solar radiation. The detailed causes of the reJent w.arming remain an active field of research, Udt tne scientific consensus identifies increased levels of greenhouse gases due to human activity as the main influence.
j
Adapted by Janet Bailey
Based on the text above, choose the appropriate alternative to complete each sentence. (ltems from 19 to 33)
29)
Globalwarming is generally defined as a
i: !
A) B)
i
I
c)
I
i
D)
lN41-10
rise in surface air and water temperature natural transformation of the climate climate normal fl uctuation sea level rise
11 i f
t
30)
The IPCC:study
A) B)
C) D)
gives an unquestionable explanation of global warming . explains that globalwarming is'ddbreasing very slowly introduces a unified theory explaining globalrvarming covers.a period of more than a hundred years
"'is used for changes that are caused
31) The term " primarily due to human intervention.
A) ternperaturers variability B) greenhouse gases C) greenhouse effect D) climate change 32)
Gontrary to the scientific studies, some scientists believe that global warming,is mainly a result,of changes in
'A) B) C) D)
''j
glacier reti'eat .solar radiation greenhouse gases
volcanic emissions
33) One thing that is Rgt considered a globalwarlning :
A) B) C) D)
tN41-10
solar activity
sea level rise greenhouse gases
'
volcanic emissions
'12
external,factor is
Read the text'below.
above, choose the appropriate alternativ6 to answer each question. (ltems from 29 to 33)
29) Who is the pioneer in distributing
A) B)
.
C) D) rN21-09
organic products?
Bio=Productores Oro Verde'S.A. "Members of Healthier Food S.A. The supermarket ownerS
A Costa Rican family
13
30)
Why should Costa Ricans choose organic products? Because theY are
A)
' :
',chbmical'free '
' B)'beingdernanded ,: C) grown in good'so.ils D) cultivated in houses
,: , ,
, ' ,
'
'
,
I
t
II
t?
'
31) what dlilemma do farmers
have due to the growing'need for organic prodqcts?
Sellers
B) C)
losses . demand
experlment economical :cannot fulfill the
.'
'. . "
.
,:
,
t
t
'
"
.
32)
What sflrould farrners do to:increase the distribution of organic products? They should
A) B) C) D)
ask f'or bank loans avoid p-esticides reduce prices get together
33) Why are organic
.
l'I ; $ n
products a gobO option for farmers?
Because
A) B) -C)
D)
N21:b9
they increase the demand of pesticides production costs are lower they adapt to any soil farmers get rich
14
! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
!
Homework Readings Environment !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
t'
':
Read.the text below-
BEST ORGANIC COFFEE AWARDED
Miramontes Mill is an organic coffee plantation in Zarcel'o. Recenfly, it won the lnternet lnternational Auction* of "Golden crop" with a price of $525 a quintal 1i000 kilograms)., For the second year, an important part of their production will be exported to Japan.
Because of their, cultivation methods and results, experts qualified the coffee flavbr produced by Ricardo P6rez and frieridS as i'exotic". ,,1 cultivated 600 trees"of purple avocado'for 10 years" but I realized that the pesticides applied to'litile orange spiders poisoned the trees, my work and my family," Ricardo explained. From that moment on, P6rez decided to grow coffee together with other types of plants and trees. Consequently, pests did not concentrate on coffee plants only, but also in all theiother plants. ln addition, Ricardo P6rezuses micro-organisms to keep the land fertile and healthy. ln such conditions, these coffee.plantations will last up to 25 years instead of producing during.only 10 n
years.
*Auction: a public sa/e af which items are
sold
to the
person
who offers to pay the most money.
TakeT frpm,,Etpaseo rn Ctsfa Rrca,, Magazine
Based on the text, choose the appropriate alternative to complete each sentence.
(ltems from 29 to 33)
29) . To produce a unique cotfee flavor, farmers must
A) kill little spiders B) .use special chemicals C) avoid the use of pesticides D) ,, concentrate pests
rN11-09 .'':
on coffee plants
13
30) By using this 'cultivation method in coffee plantations, I
A) '
a larger pla$ation
gi ton$er:lasting,harvests.
,'
" C) the destruction of pests D) an easierway to produce coffee l
ii
{
I
31)
Micro-organisrns help the land by
, B) bl
A)
,.D)
enriching the soil leaving ttre land sterite increasing the number of pests consuming, the nutrients of the soil
32) Winning'the
A) B) C) D) 33)
'
.
'tcolden CIop" auction was the,result of
good luck hard work growing coffee by regular methods improvisingagriculturaltechniques
r
Miramontes Mill has exported coffee to Japan
A) B)
tor 25 years for 10 years
,C)
twice
D)
once
I I{,
lN11-09
14
Ricardo, P6rez will obtain
t'
*'fitrfi.
text belon1 choose the appropriate alternative to answer each question.,
(ltems from
Deqtruction of The ,Environment
;,tne
29) What envrronment
everything around
A) B) C) D) '
both natural and manmade" A major problem
in the vrcrirl today is the destruciion of tl're natural environment. This is a
millions of plastic bags, containers, toys, and other objects: These stay in the
sources of
article?
u-s,
complicated problem. We burn fuel, and this causes air pollution. We throw away
are some
contamination mentioned
is
in
the
Wastes from factories anrJ trasl: Cancei in humans and anirnals Electricity and aiciilents Non acid rainsto rrns
30) Why is nuclear power
harmful to the
environment? Because
environment. They are not like paper or wood that slourly disappear. We have
A) B) C) D)
made thousands of ne\ry chemicals. Factories that make oi- use chemicals always have chemical wastes. These
of adequate chernical uses of fallout residua ls in the air" of the responsitrle us6'of wastes countries follow strict safety rules
are often poisonous and they stay in the
environment. Since 1g45, several countries have been testing
nuclear
. bombs in the air and underground. The expiosions in the air cause nuclear fallout (radioactive i.ain). The fallout causes
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Read the text. Choose the correct option to complete each sentence (36, 37, 38 and 39).
DEPARTURE GtTy: Aflanta $
SSS
PAGKAGE INGLLIDES:
. 2 nights
accommodation at the Best Western lrazt, San Jos6 (1st & last)
-
o 3 nights accommodation at the Best Western Jac6, Jaco Beach
c Round-trip airfare to San Jos6 o Round-trip airport / hoteltransfers o Round-trip San Jos6 / Jac6 Beach transfers
. All hoteltaxes
& service charges
DAY 01: SAN JOSE: Tourists will be welcomed at the airport and transferred to the hotel in San Jos6 by a luxury bus. DAY 02 - 04: JACO BEACH:
Tourists will enjoy 3 nights at the "Best Western Jac6". Wake up each morning and enjoy the sounds of the ocean, take a swim, and enjoy a canopy tour swinging
through the trees of the jungle with monkeys and hundreds of different bird species. After that, they can take a relaxing dip in the pool of the hotel or just enjoy laying around the beach. DAY 05: SAN JOSE:
Transfer back to the "Best Western lraz{" hotel. Visitor:s cari enjoy this beautiful hotel and its amenities, while staying the last night in costa Rica. DAY 06: SAN JOSE: Tourists are transferred to the airport to take the flight back to the country of origin, or they may choose to stay longer and enjoy a bit more of beautiful Costa Rica.
tN11-08
15
36)
The package includes who take it.
A) B) C) D) 37)
'
2 nights in San Jos6, at the end of the trip
enjoy a canopy lay around,the pool hearthe sounds ofthe ocean enjoy the bestfrom tneiungle
On the sixth day, tourists
A) B) C) D) 39)
some free facilities free round transfers to San Jos6 accommodation at lraz0 Best Western
At the sea shore, tourists would be able to
A) B) C) D) 33)
for the people
have to leave the hotel have to stay at the hotel must take the flight to their country can:decide whether to stay or not in Costa Rica
Tourists have to take
A) B) C) D)
|Nl1.08
transportation to enjoy this trip.
tand and air air and water air and public land and water
't6
ooo
Read the text below.
Tourism in Costa Rica
Costa Rica is considered a natural par.adise because people can enjoy a great variety of microclimates and landscapes, fronr smcking '.# volcanoes and lush tropical jungles to niarvelous t,eaches, vrith a diversit), of floi.a ant fauna. These naturar woncers wiil surprise air nationar and intern ational travelers Besides, this extraordinary biodiversity is conrplemented by a v,ride offer cf open ai activities, ranging from bird Watching and exci.;r.sicns along the beach, where it i: possible to dive in crystar crear waters, take white rvater i-afting irips, travel thror:gh the jungle on foot, and stay in one of the few hostels near there. Tortuguero National Park, lraza Volcano Nationa! park, and Manuel Antonio Nationa Park are amcng the mosi impcrtant natural res€FsGS. in the first park, u;; ";" i.l',.], , boat ride'through the Tortuguero canal and admire its exuberant tropic";;";";;:,ir, species of tortoises, and its lovely vrooden houses painted in vivicJ ;ir,* r*rono park !s located to the nerrh of cartago "oiorr. and is one of inu *o=,;;;;;";r:;;rr" Rica due to its "out of this worrd" runar randscape,n*, *r,,";;;;:;;:. ago' The latter park's natural beauty consists of its three beaches, a tropicaljungle with immerse rubber plants, mangrove swamps and the waters of the pecific, clotted by small rocky islands with rich marine life, and the cc,rcovado National park. Adapted from "pestinos Maqazinql reading: Based on text above, choose the appropriate alternative to to 37) *-il r"ntenc€. (trems
"o*pr"t"
32) ln costa Rica, tourists can enjoy the abunrience of frora anci
A) B) C) D)
renting parks any type of business great number of hodtels alien-looking landscapes
11
fauna as rvell q;
i 33) :One of the opportunities that tourists have in Costa Rica is A) hiking in the jungle B) to enrich marine life C) selling colorful boats D) living in wooden houses 341'
One of the sporting activities that tourists can experience.is
A) B) C) D) 35)
.
small country beautiful place to visit land with many divers country with huge rocky islands
large number of wooden houses variety of flora and fauna great arnount of visitors lack of flora and fauna
Tourists will have a great chance to
A) -, B) C) D) .- .
+
Tourists will be surprised by Costa Rica's
- A) B) C) D) 37)
turtles
watching visiting the jungle playing indoor activities
The article mentions that Costa Rica is a
A) B) C) D) 36)
diving
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in
admire wildlife swim in private rivers walk inside the vofcano enjoy a singularly predominant climate
12
Costa
Rica.
! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
!
Homework Readings Travel !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
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g
37) At My. Africa, visitors will
A) B) C) D)
find
tigers and lions ' two kinds of predators* native and foreign species dangerous animal encounters .$
38) Onei .attraction of this place ,is
A) B),
C) D)
the harmony between lions " and tigers to see animals running around the danger of the predators to visit African grounds
39) The zoo is
A) B) C) lJ) ...'
lN41-10
14
out of Costa Rican lands inside an aquatic park in a paradise in Africa near "El Salto River'
r:.
Read the i'nforma'tion rbelow.
Rental cars: 'Agencies:are plentiful in,,Sa,fl, Jose- Among, others,'tourists may find ,Tropical, Budget and Natlonal, All haye late-model vehicles from sgbrcompact to four:Wheef : :: all:terrain veh'icles:' Quality bf ser:vice and prices are reasonable. j
..,:
'':
Tortuguero National Park: A jungle located,on the coast with a targe nr.rmber of wild animal species'tl1at qan
be seen while on boat tours, home to the Caribbean Conservation'Corporation and
sitebfgreensea'turtlenestirlg.',, .' ,' ,
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LankesterGarden:'':'' : It l'ras over 800 species .of. ,orchids:' Near Cartago city,, it is, nsw part of the "
'
Hiking: : \
'" ,' '
.
'
One day hikes are offered to tourists. Many i are hikes tb volcanoes. Reliable
guid.esareavailable.
'
'
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Based on the information above, choose the correct option to complete, eagh sentence. (ltems 34 to 39)
34)
A) B)
reliable guides
C)
,, valuable insights
main attractions
D) 35)
..
when discbvering Costa Rica.
Turtle nestihg is one of the
high quality services
The cars you find in rental agencies
A)
q particular'terrain
'B)
recent
D)
old
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36)'
You can appreciate,
A)
from.a'boat.
800 species of orchids
. C):,,Cartago, , ,' D),' ,wildlife ' ,: .i ., .
'
B), 'uo,."no-eS. ,
:
': 37) An advantage of the hikesris that tourists , j
I
i. ._
-
ir'',1
c)
get good guidance
":_
get late-1nodels
D)
Tico lifestyle
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are sgen ofl',?'bo?t,,.,
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ge-t a:valuable insight'oJ
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38;: ,p""0 the information in the cfiart
1. 2,, ' 3, 4. 5.
lt is in Cartago, only. ,Th.e service,is ,
verygood,
r
Most of them go to lhe volcanoes; ' Some animals lay eggs in this"place. Use the public system to know about their habits.
Fro rn the,observation s a bove, s,taternents n umbe car rqntal and to a national park, resplectively,
A) B)
,1.,
:
" 1and5 2and4
C) ,3and5'
D)
t:
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39)
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:
i
aand5
Visitors can wAtch National Park. ' '
in their habitat
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A) B) C) D)
hundreds of orchids green turtles only plenty of species
a few species
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refer to a
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16
in,
To(uguero
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.
Read the text bglow and choose the correct.alternative to complete each sentence.
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36)
All of the places
A) B) C) D)
37) ,
serve champagne and caviar are located near the sea
have swimming pools
.
offer fruits and flower
The,three packages are just for lt._
A) swimmers
.
I
B) C)
movie stars
D)
honeymooners
ocean viewers :
38) Mi Casita offers the
A) B) C) D)
.
",+.
Package-
longest shortest
iheapest most expensive
l
39)
The three packages include
A) B) 'C) D)
17
breakfast flowers
dinner wine
,
,,
,
,
Read the text below and choose the appropria_te alternative to complete each sentence. 1ttems from 34 to 36). ,
34) You.will
find
tn
most r.ural dreas.,
A) B) C) D)
lChespiritos" ,
QominicalBeach a beautiful panorama : large rice plantations s
35)
Have you ever traveled arbund'rural areas in Costa Rica? Well,'l find that Some of the most relaxing 'experiences are certainly
'
to go on a. tour from high .lands to sea level lands in Costa Rica. It
ti*es 'i
A) a cguple of minutes B) more than a day. C) less than a day D) a few days
towns in the countryside,. stopping at a 'lpulperia" for a soft drink, enjoying the surrounding , scenery, 'and
visit!.ng. small
talking"to hardworking country people. You do not have to.go too far, A round trip of just a few hours will allow'you to tour severai small towns from the mountains to the sea. What about having breakfast at "Chebpiritos" ,in the misty highiands of "Cerro de la fvluerte'; where delicious omelets, homemade eheese tortillas, and sour cream are typically served with hot coffee or chocolate?
'
lf you continue on south to P6r9z Zeled6n, you wltl get to the District of San lsidro, one of the most prospqrous agricultural areas in the courltry. On the way, you can enjoy the sight of large coffee, sygar cane qnd iice plantations:
j
.
l
' About an hgur southwest of San tsidro yotl , wilt find Dominical Beach. Dominical will :invite you !o enjoy Jhe nice warm weathef and the beach. tN'1:1-09
15
: 36) The author
considers counlryside
tourisT'a(n) .
l+:;.
expeflence.
A) very exciting B) extenuating C) peaceful D) stressful
Corcovado Located in the Southwest of Costa Rica, Corcovado National Park is a popular tourist destination in that country. It is popular because of its incredible biological diversity, and is considered one of the most biologically diverse places on the earth. The park contains one of the few large areas of lowland tropical rainforests in the world. This is the cause of the park’s biological diversity, and allows for animals like tapirs, jaguars, monkeys, caiman, anteaters, and sloths to inhabit the park. Another reason for the biodiversity is that Costa Rica is part of the so-called ‘land bridge’ that connects North and South America. This famous park covers an area of 425 square kilometers on the Osa Peninsula. It was created in 1975 by President Daniel Oduber. This was done to help prevent logging, which had been proposed by some international logging companies. Although it was protected from this threat, the modern day threat of tourism is becoming more problematic. Even though tourists bring funds to help protect the area, their presence is now threatening the survival of some of the animals in the park. 1. ___________________ created Corcovado National Park. 2. Corcovado National Park is located in the ______________ part of Costa Rica 3. There are no current threats to the park.
True
False
4. Corcovado National Park contains lowland tropical rainforest.
True
False
5. Give two reasons for the biological diversity in Corcovado National Park: ________________________ __________________________ 6. Which of the following pairs of animals are found in the park? a. tapirs and elephants b. jaguars and monkeys c. alligators and sloths d. bats and lemurs
Monteverde Cloud Forest Located in the Tilarán mountain range on the border between the provinces of Puntarenas and Alajuela, the Monteverde Cloud Forest Preserve is one of the most popular tourist destinations in Costa Rica. The Tilarán mountain range runs from north to south in the Northwest region of Costa Rica. The preserve contains over 10,500 hectares of tropical rainforest. It was founded in 1972, by a group of scientists from the United States with the help of some local scientists as a private reserve. These scientists used their own money to buy some of the land, and were able to get other land donated from American settlers and locals. Its first use was for scientific research. Today, the preserve is visited by about 70,000 tourists each year. They come to see the various forms of plant and animal life, especially the many different types of frogs, lizards, and snakes. One animal visitors can no longer see is the golden toad, which was native to the area, but disappeared in the 1980s. Another aspect of the preserve that attracts tourists is the most diverse collection of orchids, a type of flower, in the world. There are over 500 different types of orchids in the Monteverde Preserve. Monteverde Cloud Forest Preserve is located in which mountain range: a. Tilarán b. Talamanca c. Central d. Guanacaste When did the golden toad disappear from Monteverde? a. 1970s b. 1972 c. 1980s d. 1990s The Monteverde Preserve has the largest variety of _________ on the planet a. toads b. lizards c. orchids d. flowers Monteverde Cloud Forest Preserve contains: a. mangrove forests b. grasslands c. tropical plains d. tropical rainforest Who created the Monteverde Cloud Forest Preserve: ____________________________ In what year was Monteverde Cloud Forest Preserve created: _____________ What was the original purpose of the Monteverde Preserve: _______________________
Lankester Botanical Garden Visitors, especially those from northern climes, will be delighted by the Lankester Botanical Garden, located about a half-hour’s drive from San José. Although the ground back home might be blanketed by snow, at Lankester it is always spring, and orchids bloom all year around. In the garden’s trees and greenhouses, about 800 of Costa Rica’s 1,400 species of orchids thrive, along with a spectacular collection of showy, native bromeliads, bamboo, heliconias, palms and cacti. Peak blooming season for the orchid is from February to May, but visitors are assured of finding blossoms any month of the year. Well-tended air trails wind through natural tunnels of bamboo, across rustic bridges, lead to a small butterfly park and a stand of secondary tropical forest. The garden was originally founded by British naturalist Charles H. Lankester, and it is maintained today by the University of Costa Rica. Guided tours are given daily from 9 a.m. to 3:30 p.m. 1. What is the main attraction of Lankester Botanical Garden? The _____________. a. drive from San José b. delightful visitors c. orchid collection d. rustic collection
2. What kinds of scenery is it possible to find in Lankester Garden? a. greenhouses and a butterfly park b. natural and British tunnels c. tropical forests and snow d. rustic bridges and peaks
3. When do people visit Lankester Botanical Garden? a. only from February to May b. from 3:30 p.m. to 9 a.m. c. on any day of the week d. only during spring
4. Who is in charge of Lankester Botanical Garden? a. The University of Costa Rica b. Charles H. Lankester c. British naturalists d. tour guides
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DEPffiSSION, AiIOTHER SILEI{T ENEIIIY According to specialists, common depression could be considered a temporary feeling. lt could also become a relevant disease. :a
.
t
Depression could be considered a state of mind when there is an extemal event that explains the feeling: a divorce, a car crash, a financial crash or tre death of a loved one. ln these *€asbs, depression is a natura!responeeto a grief"
As 1, sedous medicaf'cordition,' depression is an extended ,tim€.'of sadneEs'wtthsgt :an..evident external reason or a disproportionate gioom* in relation to the event (like being sad about a car crash beyond 15 days). ln such o6s€a; depression appears with loss of appetite, insomnia and sleepiness.
lf you find someone in deprbssion, the foflotrrrirqiquestions co-uld'help him/her:
r ls there any external event that explains this fteling? . .How long'has he/she been indepression? , " o Was he/she diagnosed before with any important {isease? ,
ln fact, suggesting simple activities'like enjoy,iqg the sun, walking, and watching funny TV programs could help to ease the problem until the person finOs propei medical treatment. *Gloom:
a feetingof sadness orhopelessness Adapted from "Costa Rica Today"
p.ased.-o1the text above', choose the appropriate alternative to answer each question.
(ltems 40 to
40)
44)
,
tA/hat can be the cause of minor depression?
' B) C) D)
A)
lN11-09
Laziness Boredom
An important loss Any ex{ernalevent
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44) Vvhat s.hould people with persistent depression symptorns do untilthey see a dodor? They should . ..: ...''..',": lt.: , .i l, ':: . , :" rr. ,, r.i:r i ? :i:ij i-!
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18
lRead the text. Choose the correct option to answer each question (40,41,42,43 and
SOME BENEFITS OF FOLIC ACID Whether you're courting pregnahcy
40)
adequate intake of folic acid for both men and women is now. Deficiency of folate can precipitate excess blood
levels of the amino acid homocysteine, a known risk factor
41)
of the
division
lefects and
of
pirth
42)
43)
B)
c)
system. Folic nontoxic, and the
lt is
is
D)
lnfants may be affected. Birth defects may increase. Cancers'symptoms can get worse.
Yeady Weekly Everyday Every month
400
44) Where has research about folic acid been done?
possible
to consume this amount of.folate if you are carefulto maintain a healthy diet.
A)
In different U.S clinics
B)
Where DrOakley works At birth control institutes ln all American institutes
c) D)
tN11-08
Deaths can be avoided.
How often can folate bie taken? A)
anticancer defense
recommended daily intake
According to Mr. Oakley, what could be possible if people intakefolic acid?
A) B) C) D)
50,000 deaths from heart attack each year in the United States. Folate deficiency increases the risk of colon and cervical cancer, and reduces the body's supply of a special protein which is a potent ingredient of our own built in
micrograms.
Anemia Diabetes Heart attacks Breathing problems
developmental
disabilities at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control, research findings here indicate that adequate folate intake . could prevent approximately
acid is
For no one For all men and women lt's essentialfor little kids For a few pregnant women
What can folate insufficiency provoke?
A) B) C) D)
for heart diseases, strokes and some forms of cancer. According to Dr. Godfrey Oakley,
director
Based on the text, for whom is folic acid essential?
A) B) C) D)
or not, the time to think about
44).
17
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Read the text below
"BREAKBONE" FEVER? Breakbone Fever is an acute viral infectibn characterized by
the symptor.n of fever. lt is also named Dengue Fever. Breakbone Fever is caused by a bite from mosquitoes
\ HI |/ h
carrying the Dengue virus. The first indication is a skin
rash and high fever with severe pain in the head and
muscles. Other symptoms may include shaking chills, dianhea, and vomiting.
The secondary fonns of this disorder are called Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever and Dengue Shock Syndrorne. These are usually caused by a secondary infection with a different type of Dengue virus (Type
2).
Several days
after the virus attacks, other symptoms may include fever, bleeding under the skin, red spots on the legs, and bleeding in the intestines.
"A
marked fall in blood pressure
(shock) occurs in very severe cases. Dengue mosquitoes breed in containers that hold water, such as: buckets, discarded tires, plastic bags, plant bases, boats, tin cans, plastic containers, roof gutterings and rainwater tanks. The Dengue mosquito does not breed in riverc, open drains, creeks
or mangroves.' The best form to control this mosquito is to get rid of all mosquito breeding sites around the home
Based on the information above, choose the correct option to answer each question. (ltems 40 to 44)
40)
How do people usually get infected with Deilgue Hemonhagic Fever? By
A) eating contaminated food B) a different type of Dengue virus C) drinking water from rainwater tanks D) the same virus that causes Typel Dengue
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