Environmental Sustainability: Concepts, Principles ...

Environmental Sustainability: Concepts, Principles, Evidences and Innovations ISBN: 978-93-83083-75-6

First Impression: 2014

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ISBN: 978-93-83083-75-6

Publishing by EXCELLENT PUBLISHING HOUSE Kishangarh, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi – 110070 Tel.: 9910948516, 9958167102 E-mail: [email protected] Typeset by Excellent Publishing Services, New Delhi – 110070

Environmental Sustainability: Concepts, Principles, Evidences and Innovations

Editor: Prof. (Dr.) Govind Chandra Mishra

Publishing by EXCELLENT PUBLISHING HOUSE Kishangarh, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi – 110070 Tel.: 9910948516, 9958167102 E-mail: [email protected] Online Link: www.krishisanskriti.org/Publications/Books/AFEESSA

Preface

29th March, 2014

From the Desk of Editor……………… I extend my heartiest and warmth welcome to the distinguished delegates and participants of the International Congress on “Agriculture, Food Engineering and Environmental SciencesSustainable Approaches” (AFEESSA- 2014) being held at Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, on 29th and 30th March, 2014, organized by Krishi Sanskriti. Surely, this Conference will help a lot to increase your knowledge bank. The conference is a source of powerful influence as it draws upon the expertise from various disciplines and also able to bring together leading authorities from academia, industry, R&D Institutions and sustainable management societies for focusing on new approaches in the field of Agriculture, Food Technologies and Environment in order to achieve universal goal of sustainable development. The importance of this conference lies in the fact that during this duration, the feasibility of certain policies for innovations within the frame work of these important subjects which has direct impact in terms of productivity, combating hunger with special emphasis on dealing with malnutrition in down trodden section of the society especially in third world countries with the help of genetic engineering is very significant. This is the third publication in the form of edited book of the Society “Krishi Sanskriti”. The society is a non-partisan, non-profit making registered voluntary organization of academics, researchers, entrepreneurs social activists and interested and concerned citizens engaged in the study and understanding of the problems of the general public in India as well as the world. Since its inception in 2003, it has been organizing seminars, workshops, lectures and discussions on issues of current interest for sustainable development of the society. The present volume of the outcome of a two-day world congress organized by “Krishi Sanskriti” on 29th-30th March 2014 on “Environmental Sustainability: Concepts, Principles, Evidences and Innovations”. A number of papers were presented in the world congress and form the core of this volume. This world congress acted as a major forum for the presentation of innovative ideas, approaches, developments and research projects in the area of Agricultural Sciences, Biological Sciences, Food Technologies, Biotechnology as well as different streams of environmental technologies in order to

Environmental Sustainability: Concepts, Principles, Evidences and Innovations - ISBN: 978-93-83083-75-6

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Preface

full-fill the dreams of sustainable development into reality. The (AFEESSA- 2014) committee invited original Submissions from researchers, faculties, scientists and students that illustrate analytical research results, review works, projects, survey works and industrial experiences describing significant advances in the areas related to the relevant themes and tracks of the conferences. This effort guaranteed submissions from an unparalleled number of recognized toplevel researchers. All the submissions underwent a strenuous peer-review process which comprised expert reviewers. Besides the members of the Technical Program Committee, external reviewers were invited on the basis of their specialization and expertise. The papers were reviewed based on their technical content, originality and clarity. The entire process which includes the submission, review and acceptance processes was done electronically. There were a total 428 submissions to the conference and the Technical Program Committee selected 180 full length papers and 70 abstracts for presentation (oral as well as poster) at the conference and Subsequent publication in the edited book and abstract book. This small introduction would be incomplete without expressing our gratitude and thanks to the General and Program Chairs, members of the Technical Program Committees, and external reviewers for their excellent and diligent work. Thanks to the Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, for providing venue for this conference. Finally, we thank all the authors who contributed to the success of the conference. We also sincerely wish that all attendees will get benefited academically from the conference and wish them every success in their research Endeavour.

Prof. (Dr.) Govind Chandra Mishra Editor


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Contents Preface 1. Climate Change Adaptation Strategies for Rural Household’s Food Security and Sustainability in South West Nigeria

i 1

A. B. Sekumade, A.O. Adedapo

2.

Waste Minimization

11

Abhishek Jain, M.K. Singhal

3.

Physico-Chemical Parameters of Water in Madiwala Lake of Bangalore

19

Alimuddin

4.

Water Quality Assessment of Chambal River in National Chambal Sanctuary of Madhya Pradesh

24

N.S. Yadav, M.P. Sharma, A. Kumar, and S. Pani

5.

Need of the hour: Pollution free Environment or Sophisticated Technology?

36

Anjum Hassan, Neelam Seam

6.

Water Quality of Village Pond for Aquaculture Development

44

Gadhia Mohini, Ansari Ekhalak and Surana Ranjana

7.

Incorporating Benefits of Nanomaterials in Membrane Filtration Process for Producing Safe Drinking Water

52

N. Mehta, S. Basu, A. Kumar

8.

Impact of Climate Change on River Water Quality: A Case Study on the Yamuna River

57

Bendangtola Walling, C.T. Dhanya, and Arun Kumar

9.

Use of Vegetable oils and its Derivatives in CI Engines-A Review

67

Mehar Sheel Caprihan, Vinayok Dubey, Ashok Yadav

10.

Water Footprint of Transplanted and Direct Seeded Rice

75

B. Chakrabarti, U. Mina, P. Pramanik, D.K. Sharma

11.

Modeling the Impacts of Climate Change on Runoff in a River Basin of Eastern India

80

B. Uniyal, M.K. Jha, and A. K. Verma

12.

Bioremediation of Monocrotophos and Malathion by Bacillus sp.

88

Bini Samal, Parul Bhatt Kotiyal

13.

Character Association and Path Analysis for Yield and its Components in Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern and Coss)

94

Diana Sagolsem, Th. Renuka Devi, Pushparani Senjam, N Brajendra Singh, Prabhat K Singh and Shabir H Wani

14.

Developing Hybrid Wind and Solar Powered Irrigation System

99

Divyesh Chandra, Pankaj Kumar Appu Singh, Tauhid Alam, Ramniwas Bishnoi, Ajit Kumar Singh

15.

“Study of Antifertility Effect of Tephrosia Purpurea plant”

106

Gourav Luhadia, Nalinee Kumari, P.C. Mali


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Contents

16.

Organoleptic Properties of Water Reservoir in Phagwara City (Punjab)

109

Harashit Kumar Mandal

17.

A Review on the Experimental and Analytical Analysis of Earth Air Tunnel Heat Exchanger System

116

Jagjeet Kaur, Prem Singh, Harminder Kaur

18.

Environmental Exposure to Lead and Breast Cancer: Is there any Association?

121

Jyoti Singh, Madhu Anand, VK Singh and MKJ Siddiqui

19.

Envirnomental Friendly Remote Controlled Solar Sprint Car

128

Kaushal Pratap Singh, Girish Dutt Gautam, Ashish Bhatia, Ankush Verma, Gavendra Norkey

20.

Assessment of Climate Change Impact on Rice Yield

135

K C Swain and R Moitra

21.

Urban Rooftop Farm Monitoring System (URFMS) using WSN

143

Bandri Manoj, Kondapalli S Rami Reddy and Sai Prakash S.K.L.V

22.

Carbon Sequestration, Its Methods and Significance

151

K. Dhanwantri, P. Sharma, S. Mehta, P. Prakash

23.

Carbon Trading: A Mitigation Approach to Climate Change

158

K. Dhanwantri, S. Mehta P. Sharma, P. Prakash

24.

Organochlorine Pesticides and its Association with Preterm Deliveries: A Case Control Study from Agra

163

Anand M. and Taneja A.

25.

Agricultural Waste Utilization in Civil Engineering

170

Manpreet Kaur and Jaspal Singh

26.

Bacterial Contamination of Air in Lucknow Charbagh Railway Station

176

Pankaj K. Tyagi, Nida Khan and Mansi Mishra

27.

Preparation of a Microbial Consortium for Efficient Disposal of Human Waste and Improving its Fertilizer Value

182

Vijay Kumar N, Deepika Khanduri, Suman Chehar, Achintya Kumar Sen Gupta

28.

Environmental Policies

189

Neha Singh and Indu Bala Gautam

29.

Landscape Degradation and Restoration

197

Ar. Pallavi Sharma, Ar. Raina Garg, Kumud Dhanwantri, Shashi Mehta

30.

Environment Friendly Material

203

Ar. Pallavi Sharma, Ar. Raina Garg, Kumud Dhanwantri, Shashi Mehta

31.

Integrated Townships to Resume Cities’ Environmental Sustainability

209

Pallavi Tak Rai

32.

Carbon Sequestration within Landfill by Alkaline Waste: An Innovative Exploration

224

Poonam Kumari, Dhruv Gaur and Arvind Kumar Nema

33.

Computational Study of Nanomaterials Invoking DFT based Descriptors

239

Prabhat Ranjan, Ajay Kumar and Tanmoy Chakraborty

34.

Life Cycle Analysis

243

Ar. Raina Garg, Ar. Pallavi Sharma


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Contents

35.

Renewable Sources of Energy

249

Ar. Raina Garg, Ar. Pallavi Sharma

36.

Green Growth Technology for Livelihood Security & Sustainability

255

Rajesh Kumar Dubey, Nidhi Shukla

37.

Role of East Equatorial Indian Ocean on Indian Northeast Monsoon

265

Ramesh Kumar Yadav

38.

Effects of Cadmium Stress on Plants

271

Rita Bagheri, Humayra Bashir, Javed Ahmad, Affan Baig, M. Irfan Qureshi

39.

Impact of Cadmium, Salt and their Combination on Oxidative Stress, Chlorophylls and Thylakoid Structure of Spinacia Oleracea

278

Rita Bagheri, Javed Ahmad, Humayra Bashir, M. Irfan Qureshi

40.

Potential Utilisation of Industrial Waste (Red Mud) in Concrete

284

M.P. Sureshkumar, S.K. Gowtham

41.

Land Use and Water Management

291

Salman Beg and Mubeen Beg

42.

Ground Water Contamination with Hexavalent Chromium and its Health Effects: Debatable and Unsettled Issue of Regulation

300

Shakeel Zaidi, Mayur Panchal, Vrushank Parekh, Aqib Shaikh, Uzma Zaidi, Urjit Desai, Kanaiyalal Patel, Kardam Dave, Sahir Ansari, Pradeep Upadhayay and Vijay Shivgotra

43.

Sustainability: A Challenge for Urban Development

311

S. Mehta, K. Dhanwantri, P. Sharma

44.

Management of Solid Waste: A Growing Concern of Indian Cities

317

S. Mehta, K. Dhanwantri, P. Sharma

45.

Climate Change Scenario and Vulnerability in Mountain Ecosystem: Focusing on India

323

Sneh Gangwar

46.

Organic Agriculture: its Concept, Scenario and Distribution

332

Sneh Gangwar

47.

Mutagenic Effect in Vegetables by Pesticides

338

Shilpa Nag, A.K. Jain, M.S. Dhanya

48.

Environmental Ethics from a Non-anthropocentric Point of View

344

Shruti Srivastava, R. K. Shukla, Vandana Pandey

49.

Is Raw Eaten Vegetables and Salads are Safe for Consumption? A Microbiological Investigation in the Context of Food Safety

350

Sujeet Kumar Mritunjay and Vipin Kumar

50.

Biodegradation of Atrazine (herbicide) using Pseudomonas sp.

360

Suraj Kumar, P.K. Bajpai

51.

Role of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) in Sustainable Energy Generation in India

367

Swami Prakash Srivastava, Sachin Prakash Srivastava, Surat Prakash Srivastava

52.

Locale and Gender as Determinants of Environmental Awareness among School Children

383

Kang T.K. and Grewal D.K.


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Contents

53.

Renewable and Sustainable Fuels for Rural Energy Applications

390

V.S. Yaliwal, N.R. Banapurmath, Iranna Gogeri, P.G. Tewari

54.

Eco-friendly Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles using Extract of Zingber Officinale Rhizome

399

Abhimanyu Kanneganti, G. Sai Priya, K. Anil Kumar, K. Venkateswara Rao, Satish Bykkam

55.

Vanadium Pentoxide Thin Films: Synthesized by Thermal Decomposition, Characterization and Application as a Gas Sensor

405

B.N.S. Nirupama, K.Venkateswara Rao, Suryakanth Patil, V. Sesha Sai Kumar, K.Tulasiram

56.

“Use of Waste Materials in Construction Work: Step Towards waste Minimization”

413

Vikas Kumar, Anil Kumar Chhotu, K. Mani and Deepak Gupta

57.

Evaluation of Water Chemistry along the Coastal and Lagoon Segments of Kavaratti Tropical Island, South West of India

420

Vimexen V., Baiju R.S., Faisal A.K., Aneesh K.S., Ajmal K., Anoop Krishnan K., and Ajayakumar Varma R.

58.

Role of Environmental Factors in Urban Malaria and Dengue Prevalence

427

Josephine Emogor, Vinod Joon and M. Bhattacharya

ABSTRACTS SESSION 1.

Floristic Diversity of Genus Hypochnicium in Himalaya

432

Maninder Kaur, Avneet Pal Singh & Gurpaul Singh Dhingra

2.

Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone (PVP) as an Additive in Starch Based Biodegradable Films

433

Neha Bisht, Chandani Sen, Madhusweta Das

3.

Elemental Profile of Ganoderma Brownii

434

Ranjeet Singh, Gurpaul Singh Dhingra and Richa Shri

4.

A Study of Drug-Receptor Interaction through DFT Based Local Descriptors

435

Tanmoy Chakraborty, Dulal C. Ghosh,

5.

Screening and Enrichment of Polymer Degrading Microbes and their Application in Environmental Engineering

436

Anu Anmol, Anusha Chaudhary, Deepali Vaid, Deepika Rana, Lakshmi Rana, Monika Yadav, Siddharth Srivastava, Sujata Kumari, Akansha Agarwal, Nishant Jain, Ravinder Singh, Siddharth Sirohi, Divya Babjaj, Nalla Vijaya Kumar, Yogender Pal Khasa+


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Climate Change Adaptation Strategies for Rural Household’s Food Security and Sustainability in South West Nigeria A. B. Sekumade1, A.O. Adedapo2 1

Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension Services, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, P.M.B. 5363, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria. 2 Department of Extension Education, Dr Balasaheeb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth, Dapoli - 415 712 Dist: Ratnagiri (Maharasthra State) India.

ABSTRACT The issue of climate change and its influence on farm activities has been a serious concern to food policy makers in recent times. Change in rainfall, water level, ponds, lakes, rivers, springs, streams, frequent storms and drought all have effects on food production, quality, availability, nutrition and security, as a result of this different countries especially the developing countries stimulate different adaptation techniques to manage this challenge. Therefore, this study examine rural household’s climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies for food security and sustainability in south west Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling technique was used and a total of 381 respondents were randomly selected from 45 communities in the selected States. Descriptive statistics and probit regression model were utilized to analyze the collected data. Result shows that all the respondents were adversely affected by climate change. 64.83% of respondents were vulnerable to climate change because of peasant nature of farming in the area. In order to manage this, more than half of the respondents have resulted into monitoring of weather, crop rotation and mixed farming. This study also revealed that climate change has resulted into decrease farmland cultivation and also changed farmer’s future productive plan, hence 9.18% of the farmers are not willing to grow their productivity in subsequent season. This concur that climate change has negative influence on food security status of most of the farmers. 55.12% of the respondents applied adaptation technique for coping with climate change such as weather monitoring, crop rotation and mixed farming. Result of probit model reveals the significant relationship between the determinants vulnerability of climate change and livestock land, land problem (p