Fillet Welds Unit 15

This sample chapter is for review purposes only. Copyright © The Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. All rights reserved.

186

Welding Print Reading

Unit 15

Size of single-fillet weld

Fillet Welds

Both sides fillet weld symbols for two joints

1 2

1 2

1 2

Desired weld

Symbol

Desired weld

Symbols

A—Welding symbol for arrow side fillet weld.

After completing Unit 15, you will be able to: H Name the parts of a fillet weld. H Determine weld size and weld length by interpreting the fillet welding symbol. H Read and interpret a fillet welding symbol used for intermittent and staggered intermittent welds. H Determine the weld face contour of a fillet weld.

Key Words

Size of equal double-fillet welds

Size of unequal double-fillet welds 1 4

1 4

1 2

1 2

1 2

1 2

Symbol

General Use of Fillet Weld Symbol Welding symbols for fillet welds are shown in Figure 15-2. The dimension for an arrow side fillet weld is placed on the arrow side of the reference line (the same side as the weld symbol). Weld size is shown on the left side of the weld symbol. Unless otherwise noted on the print, the minimum size of a fillet weld is the specified dimension.

Leg

Symbol

D—Welding symbol for both sides fillet welds for two joints.

Figure 15-2. There are variations of the welding symbol for a fillet weld.

When a fillet welding symbol does not include weld size, a general note governing weld size is usually found elsewhere on the print. Sometimes a company has specific specifications for fillet weld sizes without indicating size on the print. If no size is given on the print,

A Toe

1 2

Desired weld

B—Welding symbol for arrow side and other side fillet welds.

A fillet weld is usually used when joining two surfaces perpendicular to each other or at an angle, Figure 15-1. It is approximately triangular in shape. The parts of the weld include the weld root, leg, toe, face, (Refer to Unit 13) and throat. The actual throat is the shortest distance between the weld root and the face of the weld. The throat affects the strength of the weld.

1 2 1 2

1 2

1 4

Desired weld

pitch staggered intermittent weld

actual throat hatching intermittent weld

C—Welding symbols for unequal double-fillet welds.

ask your supervisor or foreman about the required size before you start to weld, Figure 15-3. At times, fillet welds with unequal legs will be specified. Weld orientation is not indicated by the symbol but is shown on the print, Figure 15-4.

3 8

Face 2

Actual throat Toe

3

1 16

A Weld root Leg

11

4

1 2

A-A NOTEI. UNLESS OTHERWISE INDICATED, ALL 1 FILLET WELDS 8 IN.

Figure 15-3. If the weld size is not given on the welding symbol, it is found somewhere else on the print or drawing.

Figure 15-1. Study the parts of a fillet weld. 185


Unit 15

Fillet Welds

187

1 4

×

Fillet weld-all-around.

1 2

Orientation shown on drawing 1 2

Desired weld


The extent and location of a fillet weld may be given graphically on a print view by hatching. Hatching is shown in Figure 15-8. Additional arrows pointing to each section of the joint are used when you must make abrupt changes in weld direction. This is illustrated in Figure 15-9.

Size of fillet weld having unequal legs 10

188

90˚ 10 10

1 4

Symbol

Desired weld Dimensions are in mm.

When used, the weld length is included to the right of the weld symbol. Refer to Figure 15-5. The weld is made completely across the joint when no weld length dimension is given with the welding symbol. Regardless of the geometric shape of the joint, a weld-all-around symbol means the weld is to be made continuously around the joint. Refer to Figure 15-6. For round parts, sometimes the weld length is indicated in degrees. Figure 15-7 shows an example of a fillet weld indicated for 90° of the joint. The starting and finishing location are usually indicated on the print.

Weld finish

Symbol

Figure 15-4. This welding symbol is used for a fillet weld having unequal legs.

A

Weld start 1 4

Fillet weld-all-around.

1 4

1 4

Fillet welds are sometimes used in circular joints or slots. An all-around fillet weld specified for a hole feature is shown in Figure 15-12.

Symbol

Specifying Fillet Weld Contours

Length of fillet weld

6 Fillet weld on several planes (weld continues around periphery).

Weld length 6

S

The continuity of an intermittent weld is broken by recurring unwelded spaces, Figure 15-10. The pitch (center-to-center spacing) of an intermittent weld (formerly known as a skip weld) is expressed as the distance between centers of increments on one side of the joint. The pitch (in inches or millimeters) is shown to the right of the length dimension. Notice the length of the weld is the first number followed by the pitch. Figure 15-11 shows the welding symbol for staggered intermittent fillet welding. A staggered intermittent weld occurs on both sides of the joint, with weld increments on one side alternated with respect to those on the other side. For a staggered intermittent fillet weld, the side of the reference line where the weld symbol is closest to the leader indicates the side of the joint that starts with the weld. The side of the reference line where the weld symbol is furthest from the leader indicates the side that starts without the weld (the skip). Often intermittent welds do not end evenly at the end of the joint. There may not be enough room for another intermittent weld. Be sure to ask your supervisor to explain how the space at the end of the intermittent weld should be finished.

Fillet Welds in Holes and Slots

Desired weld

B

24

Intermittent Fillet Welds

24

Figure 15-7. A print usually indicates the starting and finishing location of the weld when the length is given in degrees.

The weld face contour of a fillet weld may be specified when a certain welded shape is required. The shape (flat, convex, or concave) is indicated by a contour symbol used with the fillet weld symbol. Figure 15-13 shows contour symbols.

0.3 Desired weld

Desired weld S = Size of weld

Symbol

Figure 15-5. The number to the right of the welding symbol indicates the weld length.

Symbol C S = Size of weld Figure 15-6. Fillet welds applied to joints with various geometric shapes. A⎯Welding symbol for all-around fillet weld on round stock. B⎯The same welding symbol is used when stock is square or rectangular in shape. C⎯Note the all-around fillet weld on several planes.

2 Min.

S 4.5

2 Min.

Figure 15-8. Hatching can graphically illustrate the extent and location of a fillet weld.

Desired weld

Symbol

Figure 15-9. When abrupt changes are made in the weld direction, welding symbol arrows point to each section or joint.


Unit 15

Weld C L 's

Fillet Welds

189


Method

Length & pitch of increment of intermittent welds

4

190

Symbol

P

Example

Combination fillet and groove weld with specified root opening.

R

4

Locate welds at ends

Chipping

Fillet weldall-around in hole or slot.

2

C PR S

C S

2

S

2-4

2

Grinding Desired weld

Locate welds at ends Desired Welds Symbol

S = Size of weld

Symbol

Figure 15-12. Study the welding symbol and desired weld for an all-around fillet weld in a hole or slot.

A–Welding symbol used to indicate length and pitch of increments on intermittent fillet welds.

S

G

Symbol

Desired weld G

Figure 15-16. More than one type of weld is specified for this joint. Note how both weld symbols are included on the symbol. Hammering

H H

Locate welds at ends Length & pitch of increments of chain intermittent welds

S Type

Symbol

Example

Machining

M

Weld C L 's

2

M Flat

5 2 5

S S

2-5 2-5

R

Rolling

R

Concave

S

Symbol

Desired weld


Peening

Desired Welds

Symbol

B–Welding symbol showing length and pitch of increments of chain intermittent fillet welds. Figure 15-10. Note the use of the intermittent fillet welding symbol.

5

Weld CL 's

10

S S

Convex

Figure 15-13. Contour symbols used to specify the face contour of a fillet weld. The required shape is shown by the appropriate contour symbol included with the fillet weld symbol.

Length and pitch of increments of staggered intermittent welds


3-10 3-10

P P

Figure 15-14. When the face contour of a weld is to be finished mechanically, a symbol (letter) with the appropriate finish technique is included with the fillet weld and face contour weld symbols.

125

If the weld face contour is to be finished mechanically, a finish symbol for the method of finishing the weld is added to the contour symbol, Figure 15-14. While the degree of finish (smoothness) is not part of the American Welding Society standards, some prints do indicate the desired finish, Figure 15-15.

Combination Weld Symbols

Locate welds at ends Desired welds

DR S

R

2

3 (TYP.)

Combination fillet and bevel weld with specified root opening.

As welded

Symbol

Figure 15-11. The welding symbol for staggered intermittent fillet welds is shown.

When another type of weld is to be used with a fillet weld, weld symbols for both types are included on the welding symbol, Figure 15-16. Shown is a combined fillet and groove weld with specified sizes. Figure 15-17 shows specifications for a combined fillet and bevel weld.

Figure 15-15. The degree of finish or weld smoothness is indicated by a number that specifies (in microinches) the roughest surface acceptable for this particular application. The larger the number, the rougher the surface permitted. A 125 surface is smoother than a 250 finish. The symbol is seldom used.

Figure 15-17. A part requiring a combination fillet and bevel weld for fabrication.


Unit 15

Fillet Welds

191

192


Print Reading Activities

Part II

Part I

Refer to the drawing below to answer the following questions. 1. What is the name of the product to be made?

Refer to the drawing below to answer the following questions. 1. What is the drawing title?

7. The width and thickness dimensions of the material used to make the support are _____″ and _____″. 8. What type of weld is specified? _______________ 9. Name the type of welding rod that is specified.

2. Name the drawing or print number.

2. Name the drawing number. 10. What is the size of the specified weldments?

3. List the number of parts in the assembly.

3. How many parts make up the assembly? 4. What welding process is to be used? 5. The gussets are located _____″ from the edges of the support. 6. The gusset is made from _____″ × _____″ × _____″ stock. There are _____ required in each assembly.

8. The size of the mounting plate is _____″ × _____″ × _____″. 9. The width and thickness dimensions of the material required to make the curved section are _____″ and _____″. 10. The centerline of the curved section is located _____″ from the lower end of the mounting plate on the drawing and _____″ in from the side.

12. Each corner of the bracket is chamfered _____″ × _____°.

5. What type of weld rod is specified?

11. What are the number and size of holes to be made in the mounting plate? A. B.

13. How many holes are to be drilled? _____________

6. Name the size and type of the weld specified.

12. What additional operation must be performed on the drilled holes?

11. Sketch the specified welds on the front and side views in the drawing.

4. What material is specified to make the product?

14. The hole size is _____ diameter. _______________ 15. The complete bracket is to be finished by _____.

7. On the drawing below, make a sketch of the required weld.

13. After welding and machining, what finishing operations are specified? A. B.

GAUTHIER ENTERPRISES, INC.

ROD SUPPORT


Unit 15

Part III

Fillet Welds

193

194


Part IV

Draw the correct welding symbols for these welds.

Draw the correct weld as indicated by the welding symbol.

A

B

M

C

D

E .50

N

F

O

P

Q

R

1 2

.30

3 8

G

H

7 16

I

J

K

L


Unit 15

Part V

Fillet Welds

195

196


Part VI

Draw the correct welding symbol for the following welds.

Explain the following welding symbols.

1.00 – 4.00 .25 x .38

4.

1.

1 2

4 4

.25

2

.25

2 .12

2 2. S

3 4

2 3.

2 5 5 2 2

T

5.

.50 – 1.00 .38 – 2.00