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Jan 16, 2014 ... Moral Tribes: Emotion, Reason, and the. Gap Between Us and Them edn. Penguin Press HC, The, IS: ISBN-10: 1594202605, ISBN-13: 978-.
January 16:

Klaus Ammann, Prof. emeritus University of Bern, Switzerland

Help Fundamentalists Donate Brain

Forgot what we are protesting We are programmed in millions of years of evolution to be alarmed and act accordingly What helps: Constant framing And moral selflicensing

http://www.nearlygood.com/

Merritt, A.C., Effron, D.A., & Monin, B. (2010) Moral Self-Licensing: When Being Good Frees Us to Be Bad. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 4, 5, pp 344-357 http://www.askforce.org/web/Fundamentalists/MerrittMoral-Self-Licensing-2010.pdf

Genepeace,

Not Greenpeace

For the major crops, there is no indigenous original center of landraces existing

Map of history of movement of crops around the globe

Defense of the Motherland... Dubock, A.C. (2009) Crop conundrum. Nutrition Reviews, 67, 1, pp 17-20 ://WOS:000261881200002 AND http://www.botanischergarten.ch/Golden-Rice/Dubock-Crop-Conundrum-2009.pdf

A list of reasons and behavior for the anxiety of the population on GMOs 1. (Moral self licensing Field liberations) 2. GMOs, non-GMOs not radically different 3. (Power of protest and industrial corporates, conspiracy theories: Seed companies and revolving doors) 4. (Framing processes) and 5. (Science of Fear: Evil always fascinates, Goodness rarely entertains) 6. (Tribal Life) 7. (Semiotic views about Nature) 8. Science, Ethics and Religion: Halal, Sharia, Vatican, Kosher Food, Amish Farmers 8. Professional discourse of the second Generation 9. (Need for New World Visions)

Our brains were designed for tribal life, for getting along with a select group of others (Us) and for fighting off everyone else (Them) Greene Joshua (2013), Moral Tribes: Emotion, Reason, and the Gap Between Us and Them edn. Penguin Press HC, The, IS: ISBN-10: 1594202605, ISBN-13: 9781594202605. pp. 437, http://www.amazon.de/gp/product/1594 202605/ref=oh_details_o00_s00_i00?ie =UTF8&psc=1

Gardner gives example after example of how societal minions make us believe something and then watch as we bite their bait. Is research ever considered? You'll be surprised as to how little it actually is. Gardner, D. (2008, 2009), The Science of Fear. Why we fear the things we shouldn't - and put ourselves in greater Danger. Paperback 2009 Science of Fear: How the Culture of Fear Manipulates Your Brain edn. Dutton, Penguin Group USA, inc., IS: 798-0-52595062-2. pp. 341, http://www.amazon.com/Science-Fear-Shouldnt--OurselvesGreater/dp/B001U0OGAY/ref=sr_1_2?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1319 887666&sr=1-2 AND http://www.amazon.com/Science-FearCulture-ManipulatesBrain/dp/B0030EG0OS/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1319887 666&sr=1-1

Urban Myth, Anxiety Genetic Engineering is fundamentally different from Natural Mutation,

lots of new and unknown risks Wrong: Natural Mutation and Transgenesis are identical on the molecular level Ammann, K. (20120706) Genomic Misconception: A fresh look at the biosafety of transgenic and conventional crops, a plea for a process agnostic regulation New Biotechnology, in press, pp 32 http://www.ask-force.org/web/NewBiotech/Genomic-Misconception-20120706-names-def.pdf

NAS National Academy of Sciences, Kelman, A., Anderson, W., Falkov, S., Fedoroff, N., & Levin, S. (1987) Introduction of Recombinant DNA-Engineered Organisms into the Environment: Key Issues. National Academy Press, Washington DC, USA, pp 24 http://www.ask-force.org/web/NAS/NAS-Introduction-Recombinant-DNAEngineered-Environment-1987.pdf NAS National Academy of Sciences, Committee on Genetically Modified Pest-Protected Plants, Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources, & National Research Council (2000) Genetically Modified Pest-Protected Plants: Science and Regulation, Prepublication and IS: ISBN: 0-309-06930-0, def: 0-309-50467-8 pp 290 http://www.nap.edu/catalog/9795.html AND prepublication: http://www.askforce.org/web/NAS/National-Research-Council-GM-Pest-Protectedprepublication-2000.pdf http://www.ask-force.org/web/NAS/NAS-Introduction-Recombinant-DNAEngineered-Environment-1987.pdf AND final copy: http://www.askforce.org/web/NAS/National-Research-Council-GM-Pest-Protected-def2000.pdf

Genomic Misconception Clearly declared in 1987 By the US National Academies

No difference between conventional and transgenic crops

“There is no evidence that unique hazards exist either in the use of R-DNA techniques or in the transfer of genes between unrelated organisms”, and:

“The risks associated with R-DNA engineered organisms are the same in kind as those associated with the introduction into the environment of unmodified organisms and organisms modified by other genetic techniques.” and: “Assessment of the risks of introducing R-DNAengineered organisms into the environment should be based on the nature of the organism and the environment into which it will be introduced, not on the

Pontifical Academy of Science, Vatican Bishop Marcelo Sanchez – Sorondo, Secretary

Prof. Dr. Werner Arber, President Nobel Laureate 1978

Interestingly, naturally occurring molecular evolution, i.e. the spontaneous generation of genetic variants has been seen to follow exactly the same three strategies as those used in genetic engineering14. These three strategies are (after W. Arber, Nobel Laureate 1978) (a) small local changes in the nucleotide sequences, (b) internal reshuffling of genomic DNA segments, and (c) acquisition of usually rather small segments of DNA from another type of organism by horizontal gene transfer. Arber, W. (2002) Roots, strategies and prospects of functional genomics. Current Science, 83, 7, pp 826-828 http://www.botanischergarten.ch/Mutations/Arber-Comparison-2002.pdf Arber, W. (2010) Genetic engineering compared to natural genetic variations. New Biotechnology, 27, 5, pp 517-521 http://www.ask-force.org/web/Vatican-PAS-Studyweek-Elsevier-publ-20101130/Arber-Werner-PAS-Genetic-EngineeringCompared-20101130-publ.pdf

However, there is a principal difference between the procedures of genetic engineering and those serving in nature for biological evolution. While the genetic engineer pre-reflects his alteration and verifies its results, nature places its genetic variations more randomly and largely independent of an identified goal. After ca. 15 years of testing the GM crops are brought to the field by millions in a few years Arber, W. (2002) Roots, strategies and prospects of functional genomics. Current Science, 83, 7, pp 826-828 http://www.botanischergarten.ch/Mutations/Arber-Comparison-2002.pdf Ammann, K. (2014), Genomic Misconception: a fresh look at the biosafety of transgenic and conventional crops. A plea for a process agnostic regulation, New Biotechnology, 31, 1, pp. 1-17, http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1871678413000605 AND http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nbt.2013.04.008 AND open source: http://www.ask-force.org/web/NewBiotech/Ammann-Genomic-Misconception-printed-2014.pdf and with full text references for private use: http://www.ask-force.org/web/NewBiotech/Genomic-Misconception-20130415-names-links.pdf AND German Abstract http://www.ask-force.org/web/NewBiotech/Ammann-German-Abstract-Highlights-20130415.pdf

transgenic vs. control endosperm 14 dpa 28 dpa 8 dpg

Baudo: comparison in genomic disturbance: GM crops are less disturbed (black dots) than classic breeds

2 conventional lines Endosperm 14 dpa 28 dpa leaf at 8 dpg

transgenic vs. conventional Endosperm 14 dpa 28 dpa leaf at 8 dpg

Shewry, P.R. & Jones, H.D. (2005) Transgenic Wheat: Where Do We Stand after the First 12 Years? Annals of Applied Biology, 147, 1, pp 1-14 http://www.botanischergarten.ch/Organic/Shewry-Performance-2006.pdf

Baudo, M.M., Lyons, R., Powers, S., Pastori, G.M., Edwards, K.J., Holdsworth, M.J., & Shewry, P.R. (2006) Transgenesis Has Less Impact on the Transcriptome of Wheat Grain Than Conventional Breeding. Plant Biotechnology Journal, 4, 4, pp 369-380 http://www.botanischergarten.ch/Organic/Baudo-Impact-2006.pdf

Scatter plot representation of transcriptome comparisons, Baudo et al. 2006

Gamma Field for radiation breeding

Radiation breeding as field experiments

100m radius

89 TBq Co-60 source at the center Shielding dike 8m high Institute of Radiation Breeding Ibaraki-ken, JAPAN http://www.irb.affrc.go.jp/

Better spaghettis, whisky

1800 new plants

Radiation site for mutation breeding, Co-60 radioactivity source of 89 TBq in the center, Radius of 100m. Was muss man sich darunter vorstellen?

Gamma Field for Radiation Breeding

89 TBq represents the 140-fold of all Radioactivity of material stored in the German permanent storage site of Morsleben insgesamt eingelagerten Radioaktivität. In this radiation field a human being would receive 3 deadly Sievers units of radiation after the exposure times given below

60 min

3,5 min

Reuters, May 10, 2010

UN's International Atomic Energy Agency since 1963, 2,252 new plant varieties, including Italian durum wheat, have been created using radioactive substances such as cobalt and X-rays. 70% of the crops under cultivation worldwide are radiation mutation varieties Charles Margulis of Greenpeace USA: "But now they tell us that scientists have been artificially hybridizing plants since the 1960s. That's, like, really uncool."

Activists, supported by Jane Rissler, called for a ban, since those irradiated varieties have never been tested for food safety, which would have wiped out 70% of the food products on shelfs.

Rissler: “Compared to these plants, genetically modified food is about as dangerous as a one-legged man in an ass-kicking contest.” But excellent repair mechanisms working like zippers are reducing radiation damage considerably And worldwide there has been no correlation established between radiation mutation and negative food safety facts. (Reuters 2001 continued)

FRANKENSTEIN

Durum Wheat, Triticum durum: all major breeds have gone though massive and inprecise radiation breeding, but with Important success unnecessary fearmongering

European Biosafety and the Cartagena Protocol The biosafety protocol is based on the wrong Premises: See Genomic Misconception in this slides: Natural Mutation and transgenesis are the same on the molecular level. www.strangevehicles.com

European safety attitude: a problem for many countries in the developing world

European Safety Attitude: let not the Europeans decide about Biosafety in Africa and the Near East, do your own safety assessment

Cardow, Ottawa Citizen, 2012

http://www.caglecartoons.com/viewimage.asp?ID={B63D61CA-B96E-479E-B0BD-20421232AA77

http://www.europabio.org/sites/default/files/position/120601_gm_approvals_status_may_2012.pdf#overlaycontext=agricultural/positions/undue-delays-eu-approval-safe-gm-products

Regulation. The trait and product not the technology in agriculture should be regulated, and the regulatory framework should be evidence-based. There is no validated evidence that GM has greater adverse impact on health and the environment than any other technology used in plant breeding. EU GM legislation was formulated when there was not yet sufficient data to substantiate these conclusions, but now there is. Given the experience gained, the legislation, data requirements and level of scrutiny need to be revisited and recalibrated.

EASAC (20130627), Planting the future: opportunities and challenges for using crop genetic improvement technologies for sustainable agriculture edn. EASAC European Academies Science Advisory Council, 21, EASAC, IS: 978-38047-3181-3. pp. 78, http://www.easac.eu/home/reports-andstatements/detail-view/article/planting-the.html AND http://www.ask-force.org/web/EASAC/EASACPlanting-the-Future-FULL-REPORT-20130627.pdf

1. June 2012

Check for updates at http://www.europabio.org/filter/agricultural/type/position or contact EuropaBio for more info

Gómez-Galera, S., Twyman, R.M., Sparrow, P.A.C., Van Droogenbroeck, B., Custers, R., Capell, T., & Christou, P. (2012) Field trials and tribulations—making sense of the regulations for experimental field trials of transgenic crops in Europe. Plant Biotechnology Journal, 10, 5, pp 511-523 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7652.2012.00681.x AND http://www.ask-force.org/web/IP/Gomez-Galera-Field-Trials-Tribulatioins-2012.pdf

Destruction of 30 years of field research Prof. Eddo Ruggini Università di Tusca http://www.freshplaza.it/news_detail.asp?id=48131 Nature Biotechnology “It can be seen as a demolition of a scientific cultural monument, an act of legal vandalism,” says Klaus Ammann from the University of Bern.“ Meldolesi, A. (2012) Destruction of transgenic olive field trial dubbed 'vandalism'. Nat Biotech, 30, 8, pp 736-736 http://www.askforce.org/web/Fundamentalists/Meldoles i-Destruction-Transgenic-Olive-FieldItaly-2012.pdf

Milan, 16 - 17 November 2012

Gómez-Galera, S., Twyman, R.M., Sparrow, P.A.C., Van Droogenbroeck, B., Custers, R., Capell, T., & Christou, P. (2012) Field trials and tribulations—making sense of the regulations for experimental field trials of transgenic crops in Europe. Plant Biotechnology Journal, 10, 5, pp 511-523 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7652.2012.00681.x AND http://www.ask-force.org/web/IP/Gomez-Galera-Field-Trials-Tribulatioins-2012.pdf

Kuntz, M. (2011) Academic and governmental research on GMOs has been the target of numerous acts of vandalism in Europe. In OGM, environnement, santé et politique. Prof. Marcel Kuntz, Grenoble http://www.marcel-kuntz-ogm.fr/article-news-55055856.html , news in English, French and Spanish AND http://ddata.over-blog.com/xxxyyy/1/39/38/37/public-research-vandalized.pdf AND http://www.marcel-kuntz-ogm.fr/article-news-55055856.html AND http://www.ask-force.org/web/Field-Destruction/Kuntz-Public-Government-Research-Vandalism-Europe-2011.pdf Kuntz M. (2012) Destruction of public and governmental experiments of GMO in Europe. GM Crops & Food, 3, 4, pp 1-7 http://www.es.landesbioscience.com/journals/gmcrops/article/21231/?nocache=470501470 AND http://www.ask-force.org/web/Fundamentalists/Kuntz-Field-Trial-Destruction-GM crops-2012.pdf

Paarlberg, R. (2009)

Starved for Science, How Biotechnology is kept out of Africa Harvard University Press; 1 edition (August 5, 2009) Cambridge, USA,

IS: ISBN-10: 0674033477 ISBN-13: 9780674033474 pp 256 http://www.amazon.com/Starved-ScienceBiotechnology-BeingAfrica/dp/0674033477/ref=sr_1_1?s=boo ks&ie=UTF8&qid=1331185222&sr=1-1#_

Changes in per capita agriculture production 1961-2005

Royal-Society (2009) Reaping the benefits: science and the sustainable intensification of global agriculture, Royal Socienty pp 89 RS Policy document 11/09 London (Report) http://royalsociety.org/displaypagedoc.asp?id=35510 AND http://www.ask-force.org/web/Benefits/RS-Reaping-the-Benefits-200910.pdf

Urban Myth Herbicide resistant weeds are caused by transgenic soybeans: A new and dramatic risk

Wrong: Herbicide resistant weeds are an old problem in agriculture, still less severe with transgenic crops than with conventional cropping

Mercosur consolidates as leading soybean region with 52% of world’s production Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and Bolivia harvest 136 million tons annually, compared to the 83 from the United States and the world’s 260 million tons (2011) http://en.mercopress.com/2011/09/17/mercosur-consolidates-as-leading-soybean-region-with-52-of-world-s-production

Development of resistant weeds with herbicide use

Urban Myth Crop varieties have diminished due to modern biotechnology breeding

Wrong: A new worldwide market study shows the contrary: Crop varieties have steadily grown in numbers since WW II

van de Wouw, M., van Hintum, T., Kik, C., van Treuren, R., & Visser, B. (2010) Genetic diversity trends in twentieth century crop cultivars: a meta analysis. TAG Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 120, 6, pp 1241-1252 http://www.botanischergarten.ch/BiotechBiodiv/van-de-Wouw-Genetic-Diversity-Trends2010.pdf

Fig. 4 Wheat genetic diversity (a) and crop genetic diversity (excluding wheat) (b) in the twentieth century based on a weighted meta analysis of 20 publications. The diversity in the decade with the lowest diversity was set to 100 Ammann, K. (20120317) Biodiversity and the debate on GM crops - Can GM crops help to enhance biodiversity? . In ASKFORCE AF-11, Vol. AF-11, pp. 103. K. Ammann, Neuchâtel http://www.ask-force.org/web/AF11-Biodiversity/AF-11-Biodiversity-Biotechnology20120317-numbered.doc http://www.ask-force.org/web/AF-11-Biodiversity/AF11-Biodiversity-Biotechnology-20120317-web.doc http://www.ask-force.org/web/AF-11-Biodiversity/AF11-Biodiversity-Biotechnology-20120317-web.pdf http://www.ask-force.org/web/AF-11-Biodiversity/AF11-Biodiversity-Biotechnology-20120317opensource.doc http://www.ask-force.org/web/AF-11-Biodiversity/AF11-Biodiversity-Biotechnology-20120317opensource.pdf

A Century Ago In 1930 commercial seed houses offered hundreds of varieties as shown in this sampling of ten crops 80 Years Later By 1983 few of those varieties were found in the National Seed Storage Laboratory

Source: National Geographic, July 2011

with completely wrong numbers based on the old RAFI study

Fowler, C. & Mooney, P., R., (1990) US: Shattering : food, politics, and the loss of genetic diversity GB: The threatened gene: Food, politics and the loss of genetic diversity US: The University of Arizona Press GB: Lutterworth Press P.O. Box 60 Cambridge CB12NT Printed Billing & Sons Ltd, Worcester, US: Tucson GB: Cambridge, IS: ISBN 0 7188 2830 5. , pp xvi, 278 p http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0816511810/sr=11/qid=1320748094/ref=olp_product_details?ie=UTF8&me=&qid=1320748094&s r=1-1&seller= AND from the etc Group: http://www.ask-force.org/web/Biotech-Biodiv/Fowler-Mooney-The-threatenedGene-1990.pdf

Heald, P.J. & Chapman, S. (2011) Veggie Tales: Pernicious Myths About Patents, Innovation, and Crop Diversity in the Twentieth Century. SSRN eLibrary, pp http://www.ask-force.org/web/IP/Heldt-Veggie-Tales-Pernicious-Myths-2011.pdf

Heald, P.J. & Chapman, S. (2011) Veggie Tales: Pernicious Myths About Patents, Innovation, and Crop Diversity in the Twentieth Century. SSRN eLibrary, pp http://www.ask-force.org/web/IP/Heldt-Veggie-Tales-Pernicious-Myths-2011.pdf

Urban Myth Organic Farming and Modern Agriculture including Genetic Engineering cannot go together

Wrong: Organic farming needs crops adapted to the special needs of agro-ecology by modern biotechnological methods

Why high tech farmers should adopt Organic management

Ammann, K. (2008) Feature: Integrated farming: Why organic farmers should use transgenic crops, open source citations. New Biotechnology, 25, 2, pp 101 107 http://www.botanischergarten.c h/NewBiotech/AmmannOpinion-Integrated-Farming20080825-names-linksedited.pdf

Ammann, K. (2009) Feature: Why farming with high tech methods should integrate elements of organic agriculture. accepted, corrected proof, open links. New Biotechnology, 4, pp http://www.botanischergarten.c h/NewBiotech/IntegratedFarming-Biotech-Org20090803-openlink.pdf

Ronald, P.C. & Adamchak, R.W. (2008) Tomorrow's Table: Organic Farming, Genetics, and the Future of Food Oxford University Press, USA (April 18, 2008) IS: ISBN-10: 0195301757 ISBN-13: 9780195301755 pp 232 Book review by J. Gressel 2009 http://www.botanischergarten.ch/GresselBook-Ronald-2009.pdf

Sorry friends. What you think about organic food is mostly wrong. The global organic industrial-complex promises everything and delivers nothing. But don't blame organic farmers! They're victims, along with millions of consumers. Being organic is no longer about farming fields. It's about filling forms. Your taxes underwrite this marketing subterfuge and help drive a stake into the heart of the most efficient food system ever known. Who's behind this? You'll be surprised. Popov, M. (2010) Is it Organic? The inside story of who destroyed the organic industry, turned it into a socialist movement and made million$ in the process Polyphase Communication, USA, www.isitorganic.ca, Osoyoos, British Columbia, IS: 978-0-557-54033-4, 978-0-557-54886-6, pp 593 http://www.ask-force.org/web/Organic/Popov-isit-OrganicMessage.pdf AND available through Amazon ttp://www.ask-force.org/web/Organic/Popov-isit-Organicfull-MS.pdf

Bauer de Jonghe in Holland, produziert Gemüse im Bio-Standard ohne Pestizide Foto Claus Lange, Text Michael Miersch Weltwoche 06 2003

Amish farmers in biotech-debate: subsequent partial adoption of transgenic crops: 1999, see:

http://www.ifpri.org/2020conference/PDF/summary_ammann.pdf

Urban Myth Agro-Ecology and organic farming result in more yield compared to biotech crops

Wrong: All comprehensive statistics show that agroecology in average has 20-30% less yield, in optimal cases 5% less

Winter Wheat 90

Organic Yield US Yield

80 70

Bushels/acre

60 50 40 30 20 10 0 CA

ID

MI

OH WI

IL

NY SD MO

IA

NE UT ND MT OK CO NM TX WY

Organic Winter Wheat represented 0.8% of 2008 acres but only 0.5% of total production 100% conversion to Organic would have required 10.4MM additional acres, a 49% increase Savage, S.D. (2008) A Detailed Analysis of US Organic Crops. (publ. Steve Savage) (Audio-Visual Material) http://www.ask-force.org/web/Organic/Savage-Detailed-Analysis-US-Organic-2008.ppt AND http://www.askforce.org/web/Organic/Savage-Detailed-Analysis-US-Organic-2008.pdf see also Applied Mythology http://appliedmythology.blogspot.com

Soybeans 50 Organic Yield US Yield

45 40

Bushels/acre

35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 NE

NY

IN

PA

MO

KS

OH

KY

SD

NC

GA

MD

Organic Soybeans represented 0.13% of 2008 acres in the US, 0.09% of total production, but 0.17% of total soybean payments. Organic soybeans sold at 2 times the price for conventional so with 66% of the yield that represented a net advantage of 1.3 times the gross per acre income. To have produced all the 2008 soybeans Organically would have required 38.2MM additional acres – a 51% increase Savage, S.D. (2008) A Detailed Analysis of US Organic Crops. (publ. Steve Savage) (Audio-Visual Material) http://www.ask-force.org/web/Organic/Savage-Detailed-Analysis-US-Organic-2008.ppt AND http://www.askforce.org/web/Organic/Savage-Detailed-Analysis-US-Organic-2008.pdf see also Applied Mythology http://appliedmythology.blogspot.com

ND

In the US maize yields have accelerated in the last ten years due to modern breeding methods • actual breeding plus cultural practice gain

Source: March 2006. Crop Science. Ref# 46:528-543

Corn yields in France and Italy in the last 10 years fail to show the same positive trends as in the USA 120 100

100 kg/ha

80 France Italy France 95-06 Italy 95-06

60 40 20 0 1955

1960

1965

1970

Source; Eurostat

1975

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

THE GLOBAL INCOME AND PRODUCTION EFFECTS OF GENETICALLY MODIFIED (GM) CROPS 1996-2011 Graham Brookes and Peter Barfoot, manuscript 2013

Organic Tomatoes: No better quality There is scientific proof of the following 1. Tomato quality differs heavily on environmental conditions

http://dingo.care2.com/pictures/greenliving/1078/1077877.large.jpg

Chassy, A.W., Bui, L., Renaud, E.N.C., Van Horn, M., & Mitchell, A.E. (2006) Three-year comparison of the content of antioxidant microconstituents and several quality characteristics in organic and conventionally managed tomatoes and bell peppers. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 54, 21, pp 8244-8252 http://www.ask-force.org/web/Organic/Chassy-AW-Three-Year-ComparisonTomatoes-2006.pdf

2. The claim that organic tomatoes have higher content of antioxidants is false Mitchell, A.E., Hong, Y.J., Koh, E., Barrett, D.M., Bryant, D.E., Denison, R.F., & Kaffka, S. (2007) Ten-Year Comparison of the Influence of Organic and Conventional Crop Management Practices on the Content of Flavonoids in Tomatoes. J. Agric. Food Chem., pp http://www.botanischergarten.ch/Organic/Mitchell-tenyears-tomato-2007.pdf AND http://www.botanischergarten.ch/Organic/Mitchell-2007Fig-4.ppt AND rebuttal Hudson Institute http://www.botanischergarten.ch/Organic/Tomato-Flavonoids-Hudson-2007.pdf

3. The claim that organic food has higher quality has been falsified by several studies Dangour, A.D., Dodhia, S.K., Hayter, A., Allen, E., Lock, K., & Uauy, R. (2009) Nutritional quality of organic foods: a systematic review, including controversy. Am J Clin Nutr, 90, pp ajcn.2009.28041 and 680-685 http://www.botanischergarten.ch/Organic/Dangour-Nutritional-Quality-Organic-2009.pdf AND http://www.botanischergarten.ch/Organic/Benbrook-Methodological-Flaws-Dangour-2009.pdf AND http://www.botanischergarten.ch/Organic/Gibbons-Reply-Dangour-2009.pdf AND http://www.botanischergarten.ch/Organic/Dangour-Replyto-Gibbon-Benbrook2009.pdf

2003 Prevalence of E.coli on Semiorganic, organic and Conventional farms from Which at least one contaminated sample was collected in A 2003 B 2004

2004

Mukherjee, A., Speh, D., Jones, A.T., Buesing, K.M., & Diez-Gonzalez, F. (2006) Longitudinal microbiological survey of fresh produce grown by farmers in the upper midwest. Journal of Food Protection, 69, 8, pp 1928-1936 http://www.botanischergarten.ch/Organic/Mukherjee-Longitudinal-MicrobiolSurvey-2006.pdf

Type:

GIF

Lagi Marco, K. Z. B., Yaneer Bar-Yam, (2011), The Food Crises and Political Instability in North Africa and the Middle East, Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph), NECSI 2011-07-01, pp. 15, arXiv:1108.2455v1 AND http://www.ask-force.org/web/Yield/Lagi-Food-Crises-Political-Instability-2011.pdf Slavo Mac (20110824) Complexity Theorists Predict Food Crisis, Riots and Civil Unrest By April 2013. In SHTFplan.com http://www.shtfplan.com/forecasting/complexity-theorists-predict-food-crisis-riots-and-civil-unrest-by-april-2013_08242011 .

“I eat organic food and drink only green tea– gallons of it when I’m writing. I smoke cigarettes, but organic ones”

Discussing her “healthy” lifestyle in Organic Style magazine March 2005.

Crab-Rhino EVIL ALWAYS FASCINATES GOODNESS RARELY ENTERTAINS

http://seawayblog.blogspot.com/2008/01/chimeras-of-digital-age.html brawlsnapshots.com

The Euro-Bills are made out of transgenic Bt - cotton

bye bye Heliotis bye bye pesticides

Percentage GM cotton in the USA

Bt-toxin may be hazardous to your health, don‘t swallow and keep away from children

Linden, A. & Fenn, J. (2003) Understanding Gartner's Hype Cycles, Gartner Research pp 12 Strategic Analysis Report (Report) http://www.botanischergarten.ch/Discourse/Linden-HypeCycle-2003.pdf

Linden, A. & Fenn, J. (2003) Understanding Gartner's Hype Cycles, Gartner Research pp 12 Strategic Analysis Report (Report) http://www.botanischergarten.ch/Discourse/Linden-HypeCycle-2003.pdf

Linden, A. & Fenn, J. (2003) Understanding Gartner's Hype Cycles, Gartner Research pp 12 Strategic Analysis Report (Report) http://www.botanischergarten.ch/Discourse/Linden-HypeCycle-2003.pdf

Urban Myth Religious circles are against biotech crops Wrong: All major churches including Islam organisations delivered positive statements

Full bibliography of the open source volume of NEW BIOTECHNOLOGY, Elsevier 27/5, p. 445-718, November 30, 2010

All published papers, statements and conference presentations in: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/issue/43 660-2010-999729994-2699796 It must be understood, that statements by the participants regarding the event do not constitute the opinion of the Vatican or the Pontifical Academy of Sciences. The official information, beyond any interview, is laid out in the English version of the ‚Statement’ agreed upon unanimously by all participants http://www.ask-force.org/web/PAS-StatementEnglish.pdf and in additional 15 world languages, see link above For interviews contact Prof. em. Ingo Potrykus [email protected] or Prof. em. Klaus Ammann, [email protected] or anybody else from the participants list: http://www.ask-force.org/web/Participants-List2010.pdf

The spirit of the participants was inspired by the same approach to technology that Benedict XVI expressed in his new Encyclica, in particular that ‘Technology is the objective side of human action, Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter Laborem exercens, 5: loc. cit., 586-589. whose origin and raison d’être is found in the subjective element: the worker himself. For this reason, technology is never merely technology. It reveals man and his aspirations towards development, it expresses the inner tension that impels him gradually to overcome material limitations. Technology, in this sense, is a response to God’s command to till and to keep the land (cf. Gen 2:15) that he has entrusted to humanity, and it must serve to reinforce the covenant between human beings and the environment, a covenant that should mirror God’s creative love’. Caritas in veritate, § 69.

Two recent international conferences on the position of Islam towards modern agriculture yielded positive views:

1. The World Halal Forum 2010 sought to begin discussions on the Islamic stance of Genetically Modified Food. At the end of the workshop panelists and participants unanimously agreed to the a positive statement 2. Sharia Compliance conference 2010 came to the same positive conclusions World Halal Forum (2010) GENETICALLY MODIFIED (GM) CROPS & HALAL WORKSHOP REPORT (eds W.H. Forum), pp. 35. World Halal Forum, Kuala Lumpur Convention Center www.worldhalalforum.org AND http://www.ask-force.org/web/Islam/GM-Crops-World-Halal-Forum-Kuala-Lumpur-2010.pdf

Sharia Compliance (2010) International Workshop for Islamic Scholars: Agribiotechnology: Shariah Compliance, pp. 7. Members of the Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC)], Traders Hotel, Georgetown, Penang, Malaysia http://www.ask-force.org/web/Islam/Shariah-Compliance-Agribiotech-Resolution_Final-20101202.pdf

Possible Solutions 1 Inititation of professional discourses of the second generation

Ammann, K. & Papazova Ammann, B. (2004) Factors Influencing Public Policy Development in Agricultural Biotechnology. In RISK ASSESSMENT OF TRANSGENIC CROPS. (ed S. Shantaram), Vol. 9, pp. 1552. Wiley and Sons, Hoboken, NJ, USA. P. Christou & H. Klee: Handbook of Plant Biotechnology, http://www.botanischergarten.ch/Wiley/Factors-Discourse-Wiley.pdf

unfortunately, planning problems in the field of green biotechnology have now evolved into wicked problems with complex structures and no obvious causal chains

Solving wicked problems needs new, second generation system approaches in communication and decision making

1st Generation

3rd Generation no followup

2nd Generation

Operation Research

Simon (Nobel Prize 1978)

Schön

Rittel

Broadbent Artificial Intelligence

Cognitive Model

Model of reflective Practitioner

Dialogue with Expert Systems ill-structured + wellstructured problems: bounded rationality the situation of the to be better Problem leads to satisfying solutions Planners ?

Problem: Until today there are no planning machines possible, since any such structure needs at a certain point some guidance, bounded rationality is just not enough. Problems cannot be pre-defined precisely

Problem: Schön‘s instrumentarium is not broad and practical enough

Argumentative Model Symmetry of Ignorance, unite different kinds of knowledge

Problem: Rittels planning unites people with different kinds of knowledge

Expertise as Hypothesis Poppers Conjecture + refutation

Problem: Symm. Of Ignorance Not >> to Symm. of knowlege

Operation Research (Simon)

Systems Approach (Rittel)

Separation of Problem Definition and Problem Solution

Problem Definition and Problem solution cannot be separated

Objectivity of Solution

Political nature of solution

Classification (Taxonomy) of planning problems

Every planning problem is basically unique

Expertise alone

Symmetry of ignorance Different kinds of Knowledge

Ill- and wellstructured problems depends on completeness of problem description

Wicked and Tame Problems are two different classes, no common denominator

Every scientific or technical problem is a social problem. We can call it wicked, complicated or wild…depending on how we operate in society

Elements of second generation communication and decision making: reduce hidden agendas encourage collaborative learning atmosphere Symmetry of ignorance different kinds of knowledge:

to respect different kinds of knowledge is better than the stakeholder concept factual knowledge deontic knowledge explanatory knowledge instrumental knowledge procedural knowledge conceptual knowledge traditional knowledge

only those should Participate who are part of the problem and who are ready for active listening and ready for an open end debate

Possible Solutions 2 Change the international regulatory procedures From process-oriented to product-oriented Procedures: Some preliminary ideas which need discursive Processes for some time to come

The Golden Rice waits for 12 years to feed the poor and help to save hundreds of thousands of lifes, its a crime against humanity not to have it regulated immediately Conventional and transgenic crops cause the same kind of risk

Potrykus, I. (2010) Regulation must be revolutionized. Nature, 466, 7306, pp 561-561 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/466561a AND http://www.ask-force.org/web/Regulation/Potrykus-Regulation-Revolutionized-2010.pdf

Conclusions The above-mentioned 1987 opinion of the National Academy of Science (USA) is now largely confirmed by present day experience: 1) 15 years of cultivation of increasingly larger area of GM crops (from 1.7 million hectares of GM crops in 1996 to 148 million hectares in 2010) without identification of health problems; 2) the data on pre-market GM food safety assessment; and 3) additional research by academic laboratories, for example, as summarized here using large scale “omic” profiling or long-term feeding studies on animals. Thus, on a scientific basis, it may be time to simplify the assessment of food products derived from plants obtained by modern biotechnology (at least those with agronomic traits and no deliberate metabolic changes), and therefore reduce their costs. However, the GM food scare has never been science-based, but rather originates from a different rationality. Kuntz, M. & Ricroch, A. (2012) Is it Time to Adjust the Current Regulatory Risk Assessment for GM Food and Feed? ISB News Report, Agricultural and Environment Biotechnology, February 2012, pp 1-4 http://www.isb.vt.edu/news/2012/Feb12.pdf

The world has seldom seen a greater discrepancy between the inherent hazard of a product and the level of regulatory burden imposed on it than exists today for crops improved through biotech. It is important, here, to be very clear:

There is no basis in science for regulation specific to crops and foods improved through biotech or ‘GMOs‘. Giddings, V., Potrykus, I., Ammann K., & Fedoroff, N. (2012) Confronting the Gordian knot, Opinion. Nature Biotechnology, 30, 3, pp 208-209 http://www.ask-force.org/web/Regulation/Giddings-Confronting-Gordian-Knot-2012.pdf AND Editorial A. Marshall http://www.ask-force.org/web/Genomics/Marshall-Agnostic-About-Agriculture-2012.pdf

The time has come for the scientific community to advance a new generation of international organizations that expressly promote scientific ccooperation — agencies that can help foster technological cooperation for Africa’s economic transformation. Juma, C. (2011) The New Harvest: Agricultural Innovation in Africa Preprint 3 Chapters Oxford University Press (14. Januar 2011) IS: ISBN-10: 0199783195 ISBN-13: 978-0199783199, pp 296 http://www.ask-force.org/web/Developing/Juma-Governing-Innovation-2011.pdf and http://www.ask-force.org/web/Developing/JumaGrowing-Economy-Ch-1-2011.pdf and http://www.ask-force.org/web/Developing/Juma-Introduction-2011.pdf AND https://www.amazon.de/New-Harvest-Agricultural-Innovation-Africa/dp/0199783195/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1320909861&sr=8-1 Juma, C. (2011) Preventing hunger: Biotechnology is key. Nature, 479, 7374, pp 471-472 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/479471a AND http://www.ask-force.org/web/Developing/Juma-Preventing-Hunger-Nature-2011.pdf Juma, C. (2011) Science Meets Farming in Africa. Science, 334, 6061, pp 1323 http://www.sciencemag.org/content/334/6061/1323.short AND http://www.ask-force.org/web/Developing/Juma-Science-Meets-Africa20111209.pdf

African countries should break the logjam by creating an “International Institute for Biotechnology.” The new institute would be created under a charter signed by governments and other invited agencies. The legislative authority should come from the government agencies, private enterprises, universities, scientifi c associations, farmers’ groups, and others charged with advancing biotechnology and allied fields. Juma, C. (2011) The New Harvest: Agricultural Innovation in Africa Preprint 3 Chapters Oxford University Press (14. Januar 2011) IS: ISBN-10: 0199783195 ISBN-13: 978-0199783199, pp 296 http://www.ask-force.org/web/Developing/Juma-Governing-Innovation-2011.pdf and http://www.ask-force.org/web/Developing/JumaGrowing-Economy-Ch-1-2011.pdf and http://www.ask-force.org/web/Developing/Juma-Introduction-2011.pdf AND https://www.amazon.de/New-Harvest-Agricultural-Innovation-Africa/dp/0199783195/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1320909861&sr=8-1 Juma, C. (2011) Preventing hunger: Biotechnology is key. Nature, 479, 7374, pp 471-472 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/479471a AND http://www.ask-force.org/web/Developing/Juma-Preventing-Hunger-Nature-2011.pdf Juma, C. (2011) Science Meets Farming in Africa. Science, 334, 6061, pp 1323 http://www.sciencemag.org/content/334/6061/1323.short AND http://www.ask-force.org/web/Developing/Juma-Science-Meets-Africa20111209.pdf

After (Durham Tim et al., 2011), amended by K. Ammann 2011. The scheme needs amendment also for the three general risk-levels to be assessed as helping scale.

Schematic diagram representing the main components of the risk analysis of genetically modified crops. Dark shaded boxes depict policy activities that should be carried out by policy-makers or risk managers. Light grey boxes depict science-based activities that are to be conducted by risk assessors (adapted from (EPA, 1998); (Nickson, 2008; Wolt et al., 2010), amended by K. Ammann, avoiding the Genomic Misconception by introducing a process-agnostic vision, together with the de minimus approach in mind. After (Sanvido et al., 2011) amended by K.Ammann Additional information the original schemes cited in caption of Fig. 21: EPA figures: http://www.askforce.org/web/Regulation/EPA-FIgures-1-21998.pdf Tom Nickson: http://www.botanischergarten.ch/Regulation/Nickso n-Planning-Stress-2008.pdf Jeff Wolt et al. http://www.askforce.org/web/Regulation/Wolt-ProblemFormulation-Environmental-Risk-2010.pdf

The advent of genetically modified crops in the late 1980s triggered a regulatory response to the relatively new field of plant genetic engineering. Over a 7-year period, a new regulatory framework was created, based on scientific principles that focused on risk mitigation. The process was transparent and deliberately sought the input of those involved in crop development from non-governmental organizations, industry, academia and federal research laboratories. The resulting regulations have now been in place for over a decade, and the resilience of the risk-mitigating regulations is evident as there has been no documented case of damage to either environment or human health. Correspondence (fax 306-966-8413; e-mail [email protected])

Smyth, S. & McHughen, A. (2008) Regulating innovative crop technologies in Canada: the case of regulating genetically modified crops. Plant Biotechnology Journal, 6, 3, pp 213-225 http://www.ask-force.org/web/Regulation/Smyth-McHughen-Regulating-Innovative-Crop-Technologies-Canada-2008.pdf

Because of this, government evaluators carefully assess potential impacts before these modified plants can be released into the environment. Environmental safety assessments examine five broad categories of possible impacts of a PNT. (Plant Novel Trait) 1. The potential of the plant to become a weed or to be invasive of natural habitats. 2. The potential for gene flow to wild relatives. 3. The potential for a plant to become a plant pest. 4. The potential impact of a plant or its gene products on non-target species. 5. The potential impact on biodiversity (CFIA, 2004b). Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) (2004b) Directive 94-08: Assessment Criteria for Determining Environmental Safety of Plants with Novel Traits http://www.inspection.gc.ca/english/plaveg/ bio/dir/dir9408e.shtml [accessed on 4 December 2004].

Smyth, S. & McHughen, A. (2008) Regulating innovative crop technologies in Canada: the case of regulating genetically modified crops. Plant Biotechnology Journal, 6, 3, pp 213-225 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7652.2007.00309.x AND http://www.ask-force.org/web/Regulation/Smyth-McHughenRegulating-Innovative-Crop-Technologies-Canada-2008.pdf

Novel food notification/ submission. Source: Health Canada (2006d). Health Canada (2006d) Processing a Novel Food Notification/ Submission in the Food Directorate http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/ fn-an/legislation/guideld/novel_notificationavis-nouveaux_e.html [accessed on 8 March 2007].

Smyth, S. & McHughen, A. (2008) Regulating innovative crop technologies in Canada: the case of regulating genetically modified crops. Plant Biotechnology Journal, 6, 3, pp 213-225 http://www.ask-force.org/web/Regulation/Smyth-McHughen-Regulating-Innovative-Crop-Technologies-Canada-2008.pdf

Switzerland (no copyright)

http://kruemelmonsterag.blogspot.com/2009/05/motivation-des-tages.html

Always say what you think!

piss off !!

you can only die once

Fig. 14 Bryum capillare TYPE C David Smith Stokesley, North Yorkshire, England "Bryum capillare is a common moss that grows unnoticed on stones, walls or paving in most British gardens. Each spring I delight in seeing its nodding, translucent spore capsules glistening in the early morning sunshine, and I hoped to convey this feeling in my photograph. To show them at their best I have photographed the spore capsules life size as they approach maturity and are still translucent, and I have caught them naturally backlit by the rising sun." http://www.igpoty.com/competition0 2/gallery/1_PlantPortraits/Image5_X L.jpg With its hanging capsules the exostome does not readily open, since it must be prevented that the spore mass is just falling out due to gravity.

Timmia megapolitana, caption see fig. 2. http://www.botany.org/plantimages/ImageData.asp?IDN=ca07-029&IS=700 from (Budke et al., 2007).

Sustainable World

Agriculture Foster renewable natural resources, knowledge based agriculture: Organic Precision Biotech Ag, Balance local production with global trade

Socio-Economics Equity: reconcile traditional knowledge with science, foster biomimetics, reduce agricultural subsidies, global dialogue including new creative capitalism

Technologies Innovation supported by artificial intelligence, influence evolution, new technologies to process and use of housing, food, energy

Seasons Greetings with a smile from Allah Attribution: Photo Courtesy of Faye Adams Copyright ©2010 Leona. All Rights Reserved http://eliot.stlwritersguild.org/wordpress/?cat=188