Funaria maryanneae n. sp. and Proleptonchus weischeri n. sp ...

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New Synonyms in Leptonchoided. C. G. GOSECO and V. R. FERRIS z. Abstract: Funaria maryanneae n. sp., distinguished by its large size and long prerectum, ...
Funaria maryanneae n. sp. and Proleptonchus weischeri n. sp. (Nematoda: Dorylaimida) from Europe and New Synonyms in Leptonchoided C. G. GOSECO and V. R. FERRISz Abstract: Funaria maryanneae n. sp., d i s t i n g u i s h e d by its l a rge size a n d l o n g p r e r e c t u m , is described from specimens collected in Bad Sooden, G e r m a n y , D. B. R. T h i s n e m a t o d e was collected also from F r f i k m i i n t e g g (Mt. Pilatus), Switzerland. P r o l e p t o n c h u s weischeri n. sp., w i t h s h o r t h e m i s p h e r o i d female t a i l a n d relatively a n t e r i o r vulva, is de s c ri be d from specimens collected i n K a u f u n g e r W a l d n e a r Kassel, G e r m a n y , D. B. R. T h i s is l he first r e p o r t of e i t h e r ge nus from the c o n t i n e n t of Europe. Le]~tonchus parisii Z u l l i n i , 1973, from Chiapas, Mexico, becomes a j u n i o r synonynt (ff ¥unaria obtusa ( F h o r n e , 1939) (,oseco, Ferris a n d Ferris, 1974. L e p t o n c h u s acutus Z u l l i u i , 1973 becontes Funaria acuta n. cotnb., a nd Funaria rothi Guseco, Ferris a n d Ferris, 1974 becomes a j u n i o r synonym of Funaria acuta. Key Words: T a x o n o m y , L e p t o n c h u s .

F o l l o w i n g p u b l i c a t i o n of o u r r e v i s i o n s (1) of the g e n e r a Funaria v a n d e r L i n d e , 1938 a n d Proleptonchus L o r d e l l o , 1955, we d i s c o v e r e d a n a d d i t i o n a l species of e a c h g e n u s in m a t e r i a l s c o l l e c t e d i n E u r o p e . T h e d i s c o v e r y of t h e two species is b i o g e o g r a p h ically i m p o r t a n t b e c a u s e i t c o n s t i t u t e s t h e first r e p o r t of e i t h e r g e n u s f r o m tlle cont i n e n t of E u r o p e . Z u l l i n i ' s 1973 p u b l i c a t i o n (4) o n n e m a todes of M e x i c o , w h i c h c a m e to o u r att e n t i o n f o l l o w i n g t h e p u b l i c a t i o n of o u r revisions, m a k e s several n o m e n c l a t u r a l changes necessary as a n a d d e n d u m to o u r revisions. MATERIALS

AND METHODS

T h e n e w species d e s c r i b e d h e r e i n were f r o m c o l l e c t i o n s m a d e b y V. R. F e r r i s a n d J. M. F e r r i s in w o o d e d areas o f W e s t Germ a n y a n d in S w i t z e r l a n d , J u n e 1973. N e l n a todes were e x t r a c t e d , w i t h i n several days of c o l l e c t i o n , b y a c o m b i n a t i o n of sieves a n d B a e r m a n n funnels. T h e y w e r e k i l l e d b y g e n t l e h e a t a n d fixed in 5 % f o r m a l i n for t r a n s p o r t to I n d i a n a , U.S.A., w h e r e t h e y were i n f i l t r a t e d w i t h g l y c e r i n b y the slow m e t h o d (3). I l l u s t r a t i o n s w e r e m a d e b y Received for publication 10 November 1975. 1Journal Paper No. 6080, Purdue University Agricultural Experiment Station. This work was supported in part by N.S.F. Grant GB 35499. 2 Postdoctoral fellow and Professor, respectively, Department of Entomology. Purdue University, 3,Vest Lafayette, Indiana 47907. The authors are grateful to Dr. B. Weischer, Biologische Bundesanstalt, Mtmster, Germany. D.B.R., in whose laboratory the described extractions were carried out, and who, together with his colleagues, supplied helpful information regarding collection sites and the identity of flora at the sites. Dr. A. Zullini kindly loaned us paratype specimens of Leptonchus #arisii and L. acutus.

u s i n g a c a m e r a l u c i d a as d e s c r i b e d b y T h o r n e (3). M e a n values a n d s t a n d a r d devia t i o n s were c a l c u l a t e d for m e a s u r e m e n t s w h e n possible. SPECIES DESCRIPTIONS

Funaria maryanneae n. sp. (Fig. l)

Type: H o l o t y p e f e m a l e w i t h d i m e n s i o n s as follows oil slide l a b e l e d 6 / 3 / 7 3 C3 i n P n r d u e N e m a t o d e C o l l e c t i o n ( P N C ) . Coll e c t e d f r o m w o o d e d area, B a d S o o d e n , W e s t Germany. Paratypes: F e m a l e s (14) a n d m a l e (1) on slides l a b e l e d 6,/3,/73 A a n d B2; 6 / 3 / 7 3 A5; 6,/3,/73 B2; 6 / 3 / 7 3 B8; 6 / 3 / 7 3 C3 i n PNC. Measurements: H o l o t y p e f e m a l e : L ---1.93 m m ; a = 40.2; b -----7.5; c = 86.1; V = 5 6 % ; w i d t h = 48 ~m; e s o p h a g u s = 256 /~m; tail -- 22.4/~m; e s o p h a g e a l b u l b = 61 #m; p r e r e c t u m -- 208 ttm. Paratype females (6): L = 1.71 m m ± 0.12 (1.6-1.95); a = 38.4 ± 3.6 (34.4-44.2); b = 7 ___ 0.5 (6.4-7.6); c = 67.4 ± 6.4 (57.376.7); v = 53.8% ± 1.3 (52.3-56); w i d t h = 44.8 t~m +_ 4 (38.4-48); e s o p h a g u s = 242.6 /zm ± 12.2 (224-256); t a i l = 2 5 . 6 / z m ± 2.8 (22.4-28.8); e s o p h a g e a l b u l b = 60.8 t~m - 1.9 (57.6-62.4); p r e r e c t u m = 213.7 /tm ___ 15.1 (185.6-224). Paratype male: L = 1.88 m m ; a = 41.9; b = 7.6; c = 67.7; T = 5 2 . 3 % ; w i d t h = 48 ~tm; e s o p h a g u s = 256 /zn~; t a i l = 28.8 /~m; e s o p h a g e a l b u l b = 61 t~m; s p i c u l e = 55.5 t~m. Digerential diagnosis: Funaria maryanneae r e s e m b l e s F. ourasphaira Goseco, 213

214 Journal of Nematology, Volume 8, No. 3, July 1976 A ,Ii

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FIG. 1-(A-H). Funaria ma~3'anneae n. sp. A) Head. B-C) Esophageal bulbs. D) Vulval region. E) Female posterior portion. 17,) Male posterior portion. G) Spicule. H ) Spermatozoa.

Ferris and Ferris, 1974, but can be distinguished by larger size (total length -- 1.61.95 vs. 1.1-1.4 mm) and by longer prerectum (185-224 vs. 109-176 Fro). The specific epithet honors Mary-Anne Escasa Goseco. Holotype female: Body robust, cylindroid, slightly arcuate. Cuticle finely striated, with the refractive elements usually present in Leptonchidae; subcuticle coarsely striated. Lateral chords 12 t~m wide; body pores distinct, in single row. Head offset, 13 Fm wide; lips and papillae distinct. Amphids cup-shaped, 9 /~m wide, appearing duplex. Stoma sclerotized, 8 ~tm long, thickened around oral opening. Spear slender, straight, 13 t~m long; spear extension as long as spear, sclerotized, arcuate. Nerve ring located about midway along

esophagus. Esophageal bulb cylindroid, 61 /~m long and 16 ,~m wide, occupying about 24% of esophageal length. Cardia distinct, large, 8 t~m long. Vulva longitudinal; vagina 22.4 ttm long, extending about halfway across body width. Ovaries 2, symmetrical, each about 14% body length, reflexed about 52%. Intestine-prerectum junction posterior to vulva, accompanied by three distinct cells. Prerectum about 5.4 anal body widths long; rectum 35 ~tm long. Tail hemispheroid, slightly more than onehalf anal body width. Caudal and terminal papillae present. Paratype male: Similar to female in general morphology. Testes 2, outstretched; sperms cylindroid to spindle-shaped, 7.3 /~m long. Spicules dorylaimoid; lateral guiding pieces present. Seven ventro-median

N e w Species of Funaria a n d Proleptonch us: Goseco, Ferris 215

Proleptonchus weischeri n. sp.

s u p p l e m e n t s start a b o u t 1.5 anal b o d y widths a n t e r i o r to adanal pair. T a i l as long as anal b o d y width, b l u n t l y conoid. C a u d a l a n d t e r m i n a l papillae present. Distribution and habitat: T h e type locality in B a d Sooden, G e r m a n y , is a w o o d e d area w i t h clay soil. T h e vegetation was comprised m a i n l y of large oaks a n d beeches with small beeches in u n d e r s t o r y and m a n y herbaceous plants i n c l u d i n g Con-

(Fig. 2)

Type: H o l o t y p e [emale w i t h d i m e n s i o n s as [ollows on slide labeled Proleptonchus weischeri 6 / 2 / 7 3 A10 in P N C . Collected [ r o m K a u [ u n g e r W a l d , near Kassel, West Germany. Paratypes: Females (2), males (2) on slides labeled 6 / 2 / 7 3 A10 a n d 6 / 2 / 7 3 A9 in P N C . Measurements: H o l o t y p e female: L = 1.33 m m ; a = 33.2; b = 6.5; c = 83.1; V = 53.8%; G~ = 2 4 % ; G~ = 13%; w i d t h = 40 fire; esophagus = 202/~m; tail = 16 ffm; p r e r e c t u m = 160 fire. Paratype ~ernales (2): L = 1.30, 1.48 ram; a = 33.8, 33.0; b = 5.8, 5.8; c --- 73.8, 102; V = 54.0, 5 4 . 0 % ; G~ = 17.0, 2 2 . 9 % ; G~ = 11, 1 6 % ; w i d t h = 38.4, 44.8 ffm;

vallaria rnajalis, Lamiurn galeobdolon, Ranunculus auricomus, Phyteurna spicaturn, Asarurn europeurn, a n d others. I n add i t i o n to the type locality, this species was collected h a l l w a y u p Mt. Pilatus, Frfikmfintegg, Switzerland, in a w o o d e d area o~ coni[ers, blueberries, a n d composites. Collected b y J. a n d V. Fen'is, 3 J u n e 1973.

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FIG. 2-(A-F). Proleptonchus weischeri n. sp. A) Head. B) Esophageal bulb. C) Vaginal region and posterior gonad. D) Female posterior portion. E) Spermatozoa. F) Male posterior portion.

216 Journal o[ Nematology, Volume 8, No. 3, July 1976

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