بسم ه الرحمن الرحيم University of Khartoum Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Department P. O. Box 321, P. Code 11111, Khartoum, Sudan 771577Tel. 0249-11E-mail:
[email protected]
جامعة الخرطوم كلية الهندسة قسم الهندسة المدنية 321 ص ب خرطوم – سودان 771577 :تلفون
GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION
FOR
TOWERS OF ELECTRICITY TRANSMISSION LINE POJECT IN PORT SUDAN
BBY Y D Drr.. M Ma ag gd dii ZZuum mrra aw wii SSo oiill & & RRo oa ad d SSe ec cttiio onn JJU ULLY Y 22001111
بسم اه الرمن الرحيم
CONTENTS Page No. 1. Introduction……....….…....…...….....……….…………………….2 2. Project Description….........……..….........………………………...3 3. Field Investigation...….………..........……….……………..……...4 4. Laboratory Testing….............................................…………….…..5 5. Soil Profile.......……......…………………...………………………7 6. Soil Bearing Capacity...…………………...….……………………8 7. Conclusions & Recommendations ………………………….…..10 8. Appendix ....………..………..…......……….....…..……….……..12
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
1
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
G GE EO OT TE EC CH HN NIIC CA AL L IIN NV VE ESST TIIG GA AT TIIO ON N 1. Introduction This is a detailed geotechnical report that presents the results of the field and laboratory investigation that carried out by the Soil and Road Section, Civil Engineering Dept., Faculty of Eng., University of Khartoum for the proposed towers of electricity transmission line at Port Sudan in Red Sea State as requested by the contractor CPP. The field work was comprised of drilling boreholes and performing Standard Penetration Test (SPT) to satisfactory depths. The field program was performed by the technical team of Tehila for Services and Design Company involved in drilling the boreholes and performing the SPT. The laboratory testing was carried out by the technical staff of the soil mechanics laboratory, Khartoum University. The field and laboratory tests were carried out to provide the subsoil profile and the soil physical and chemical properties required for calculations of the foundation soil bearing capacity and help in foundation design. The field work was carried out in June 2011 and the laboratory testing followed. This report presents the results of the field and laboratory investigation together with the recommendations.
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
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By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
2. Project Description The project is the proposed towers of electricity transmission lines at Port Sudan in Red Sea State. In this project seventeen boreholes were required to be drilled at different locations. The site area of Bashair substation at Port Sudan is 90m length by 70m width. In this site nine boreholes (SK1 to SK5 and SJ1 to SJ4) were drilled to 15m and 8m depths. There are eight towers of electricity transmission line were proposed to be located beside the asphalt road alignment. For each tower one borehole was drilled to 5m depth, thus eight boreholes (XK1 to XK8) were drilled. The drilled boreholes in the substation site are graphically shown in Figure 1. 90 m
N
70 m
SK1
SJ1
SK2
SJ2
SK3
SJ3
SK4
SJ4
SK5
Fig (1): The site layout of Bashair substation and the boreholes Location for the electricity transmission line at Port Sudan Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
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By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
3. Field Investigation The investigation was comprised of drilling seventeen boreholes and performing the Standard Penetration Test (SPT). In the site of Bashair substation nine boreholes were drilled and beside the asphalt road alignment at the towers locations eight boreholes were drilled. Thus it seems drilling seventeen boreholes and performing SPT for this project will be satisfied. The location of the boreholes is shown in Fig. (1). 3.1 Drilling Boreholes The field work was started with drilling boreholes in the area of the proposed substation at Bashair and the towers location along the asphalt road to have an idea about the subsoil profile and uniformity or not of the soil. In Bashair substation five boreholes (SK1 to SK5) were drilled to 15m and four boreholes (SJ1 to SJ4) were drilled to 8m depth at different locations to cover the site area as shown in Figure (1). Eight boreholes (XK1 to XK8) were drilled at the towers locations scattered along the asphalt road alignment. The borings were drilled by an auger drilling machine. Disturbed soil samples were obtained at one meter intervals and were taken up to the end of the borehole. These soil samples were kept in plastic bags, labeled and transported to the soil mechanics Laboratory
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
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By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
in Khartoum University for visual inspection and testing. 3.2 Standard Penetration Test (SPT) The Standard Penetration Test (SPT) was performed for each borehole at a depth interval of 1.5 m. and soil samples were taken. A split spoon sampler, 50 mm in diameter was driven by the blows of a standard hammer weighing 64kg and falling freely from a height of 760 mm. The number of blows required to give a tube penetration of 300 mm was taken as SPT–N value of the soil tested at a specified borehole depth. The SPT were done according to International Standards. The results are displayed in the summary tables of Appendix (A).
4. Laboratory Testing The Laboratory program was comprised of performing tests on the disturbed soil samples obtained from the drilling. The testing procedures followed were in general conformance with those recommended in BS 1377 and the soils were classified according to the Unified System for Classifying Soils (USCS). The laboratory tests performed included the following:– Atterberg Limits tests (Liquid Limit & Plastic Limit) – Grain size analysis (Wet sieve analysis)
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
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By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
– Shear strength (Direct Shear test) – Chemical tests 4.1 Atterberg Limits The tests performed were liquid limit (LL) and plastic limit (PL) tests. These tests were carried out on representative soil samples. Disturbed soil samples were taken at one meter intervals depths of the boreholes. The samples tested were about ninety three samples and the results obtained are listed in the summary tables of Appendix (A). 4.2 Sieve Analysis Test These tests were carried out on representative soil samples taken at one meter intervals depths of the boreholes. The wet sieve analysis tests were performed on ninety three samples and the results of these tests are shown in Appendices (A) & (B). 4.3 Shear Box Test This test was performed using soil samples taken at certain depths of the boreholes. The test was carried out to determine the soil shear strength parameters (cohesion "C" and angle of internal friction "Ø") of the soil in this locality. The shear box tests were carried out on seventy five soil samples and the results of these tests are given in Appendix (A) & (C). Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
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By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
4.4 Chemical Test Chemical tests were carried out on soil sample taken from shallow depths (1m to 3m) of the boreholes. The tests measure the amount of sulphate and chloride in the soil. The tests results are given in tables in Appendix (D).
5. Soil Profile 5.1 Bashair Substation The nine boreholes drilled at the locations in the substation at Bashair (SK1 to SK5 & SJ1 to SJ4) as shown in Figure (1) indicated a general subsoil profile that consists of four main zones. The First top ground layer of 2m thick is sandy Clay of low plasticity was encountered. This is underlain by a layer of silty clayey Sand was encountered up to 5m depth. A layer of sandy Silt was encountered between 5m and 8m depth. This is followed by a thick layer of sandy Clay of low plasticity was encountered at 8m and extended down to the end of the borehole at 15m depth. Ground water table was not encountered in this investigation.
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
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By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
5.2 Towers Locations The eight boreholes drilled at the locations of the towers (XK1 to XK8) indicated a general subsoil profile that consists of two main layers. The First top layer of 2m thick is silty Sand soil was encountered. This is underlain by a layer of clayey Sand was encountered at 2m and extended down to the end of the borehole at 5m depth. Ground water table was not encountered during this site investigation.
6. Soil Bearing Capacity The bearing capacity of the foundation soil can be determined using Terzaghi bearing capacity equation: qu = CNc Sc + q Nq + 0.5 γ B N γ S γ
6.1 The Substation Bearing Capacity The foundation of the substation was recommended to be placed at 3m on silty clayey Sand layer encountered between 2m to 5m depth. The average foundation soil properties at 3m depth can be obtained from the tests results as given in appendix (A):
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
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By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
Average bulk density (γ) = 16.4 KN/m3 Soil cohesion (C) = 3 KN/ m2 Angle of internal friction (ф) =34◦ Foundation depth = 3 m Foundation width (assumed) = 10 m The bearing capacity coeff. : Nc = 24, Nq = 11.7, N γ= 9.2 Vertical surcharge pressure q = 16.4 * 3 = 49.2 KN/ m2 Foundation rectangular shape coeff. Sc = 1.3, S γ = 0.80 By substituting the above properties in Terzaghi’s equation, the ultimate bearing capacity qu = 1276 KN/m2. By using factor of safety equal 5, the allowable bearing capacity qa = 255 KN/m2. To support the structure of medium to high load, it is recommended to use raft foundation at a depth not less than 3m below ground surface.
6.1 The towers locations Bearing Capacity The towers foundations was recommended to be placed at 4m on a layer of clayey Sand encountered between 2m to 5m depth. The average foundation soil properties at 4m depth can be obtained from the tests results as given in appendix (A): Average bulk density (γ) = 15 KN/m3 Soil cohesion (C) = 3 KN/ m2 Angle of internal friction (ф) =38◦ Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
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By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
Foundation depth = 4 m Foundation width (assumed) = 4 m The bearing capacity coeff. : Nc = 31, Nq = 17.3, N γ= 15.3 Vertical surcharge pressure q = 15 * 4 = 60 KN/ m2 Foundation rectangular shape coeff. Sc = 1.3, S γ = 0.80 By substituting the above properties in Terzaghi’s equation, the ultimate bearing capacity qu = 1529 KN/m2. By using factor of safety equal 5, the allowable bearing capacity qa = 306 KN/m2. To support the structure of medium to high load, it is recommended to use raft foundation at a depth not less than 4m below ground surface.
7. Conclusions and Recommendations The report summarizes the results of the field and laboratory investigation performed for the proposed substation at Bashair and the towers of electricity transmission line beside the asphalt road alignment in port Sudan. Seventeen boreholes with depths of 15m (SK1 to SK5), 8m (SJ1 to SJ4) and (XK1 to XK8) were drilled and the Standard Penetration Tests (SPT) at each borehole was performed at the site to reveal the subsoil profile and physical properties. The laboratory tests were performed on representative soil samples taken from the drilled boreholes. From the tests results and analysis of the soil profile, four main zones were identified in Bashair Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
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By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
substation: sandy Clay, silty Sand, sandy Silt and sandy Clay. On the hand, there are two main layers were identified in the towers locations: silty Sand and clayey Sand. The foundation of the substation is recommended to be placed on the silty Sand layer at 3m depth. The towers foundation was to be placed on a layer of clayey Sand at a depth not less than 4m. The allowable bearing capacity of the foundation soil in the substation area was determined at 3m depth is qa = 255 KN/m2 and it is recommended to use raft foundation. In the towers locations the allowable bearing capacity for the soil at 4m depth was determined to be 306 KN/m2 and it is recommended to use raft foundation.
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
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By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
Appendix (A)
Soil Profile and Summary of Laboratory Tests Results
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
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By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
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By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
10.0
9.5
9.0
8.5
8.0
7.5
7.0
6.5
6.0
5.5
5.0
4.5
4.0
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
(m)
Depth
SK 1
Continue ……..
dark grey, loose silty Sand, non plastic, low density
Light grey, sandy Silt, non-plastic, low density
Light brown, silty Sand, non-plastic, low density
Light brown, sandy Silt, non-plastic, low density
Description
Total Boring Depth (m): 15
Borehole No:
SM
ML
SM
ML
Symbol
Group
9
0
0
0
%
GRAVEL
45
33
64
37
%
SAND
46
67
36
63
%
SILT / CLAY L.L %
N.P.
N.P.
N.P.
N.P.
P.L % P. I %
Atterberge Limits
1.1
1.5
1.0
Cont. %
Water
13.5
13.4
15.3
(KNlm3)
Density
Cohesion (kpa)
3.7
1.3
2.6
Elevation
Coordinate
42
35
37
Friction Angle (o)
Shear Strength
Table (1-5) : The Soil Profile and Summary of Laboratory and Field Tests for Bashair Substation
Electricity Transmission line Towers Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State
بسم اه الرحمن الرحيم University of Khartoum Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Dept.- Road & Soil Section
0,0,0,0,1
0,1,0,1,1
5,2,3,4,4
2,2,2,2,3
6,4,4,3,2
4,3,2,3,3
No. of Blows
1
3
13
9
13
11
N - value
E
37° 17' 46.34587" 14.50 SPT
N
19° 23' 20.52351"
Remarks
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
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By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
Description
15.0
14.5
Bottom of borehole @ 15m
14.0 Same as the above ……..
13.5
13.0 Same as the above but with some gravel ……..
12.5
12.0
11.5
11.0 Whitish, silty sandy Clay of low plasticity, medium density.
10.5
(m)
Depth
Borehole No: SK 1 Total Boring Depth (m): 15
Group
CL
Symbol
11
14
0
%
GRAVEL
21
36
19
%
SAND
68
50
81
%
SILT / CLAY
48
45
38
19
18
22
29
27
16
P.L % P. I %
Atterberge Limits L.L %
Water
1.1
2.2
Cont. %
13.5
12.8
(KNlm3)
Density
3.7
0.2
Cohesion (kpa)
42
36
Friction Angle (o)
Shear Strength
Elevation
Coordinate
3,3,2,4,4
5,4,4,5,5
4,4,4,4,4
6,5,4,5,5
No. of Blows
SPT
13
18
16
19
N - value
19° 23' 20.52351" 37° 17' 46.34587" 14.50
N E
Remarks
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
15
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
10.0
9.5
9.0
8.5
8.0
7.5
7.0
6.5
6.0
5.5
5.0
4.5
4.0
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
(m)
Depth
SK 2 15
Continue ……..
Same as the above ……..
Whitish, loose silty Clay of low plasticity, low density
Same as the above ……..
Same as the above ……..
Dark grey, silty Sand, non-plastic, low density
Light brown, sandy Silt, non-plastic, low density
Description
Total Boring Depth (m):
Borehole No:
CL
SM
ML
Symbol
Group
7
7
0
0
0
%
GRAVEL
33
20
50
55
18
%
SAND
60
73
50
45
82
%
SILT / CLAY
33
35
L.L %
18
18
N.P.
N.P.
N.P.
P.L %
16
17
P. I %
Atterberge Limits
1.7
1.1
0.5
Cont. %
Water
13.2
14.4
16.0
(KNlm )
3
Density
Cohesion (kpa)
5.9
2.7
4.2
Elevation
36
39
32
Friction Angle ( )
o
Coordinate
Shear Strength
Table (1-6) : The Soil Profile and Summary of Laboratory and Field Tests for Bashair Substation
Electricity Transmission line Towers Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State
بسم اه الرحمن الرحيم University of Khartoum Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Dept.- Road & Soil Section
0,0,0,0,1
0,0,0,0,1
3,1,0,1,2
3,3,3,3,2
2,2,1,1,1
6,4,4,4,3
No. of Blows
1
1
4
11
5
15
N - value
Remarks
E
37° 17' 48.90739" 13.64 SPT
N
19° 23' 20.78166"
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
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By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
Description
15.0
14.5
15
Bottom of borehole @ 15m
14.0 Same as the above ……..
13.5
13.0
12.5
12.0
11.5
11.0 Same as the above ……..
10.5
(m)
Depth
Borehole No: SK 2 Total Boring Depth (m):
Group
CL
Symbol
6
6
%
GRAVEL
20
18
%
SAND
74
76
%
SILT / CLAY
41
37
21
20
P.L %
20
17
P. I %
Atterberge Limits L.L %
Water
1.3
1.3
Cont. %
12.1
12.9
(KNlm3)
Density
2.0
1.8
Cohesion (kpa)
40
40
Friction Angle (o)
Shear Strength
Elevation
Coordinate
7,4,5,6,6
9,5,5,6,8
4,4,5,5,6
0,1,1,1,1
No. of Blows
SPT
21
24
20
4
N - value
19° 23' 20.78166" 37° 17' 48.90739" 13.64
Remarks
N E
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
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By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
10.0
9.5
9.0
8.5
8.0
7.5
7.0
6.5
6.0
5.5
5.0
4.5
4.0
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
(m)
Depth
SK 3 15
Continue ……..
dark grey, silty sandy Clay of low plasticity, medium density.
Same as the above ……..
Light grey, sandy Silt, non-plastic, low density
Same as the above but with less silt ……..
Light brown, silty Sand, non-plastic, medium density
Description
Total Boring Depth (m):
Borehole No:
CL
ML
SM
Symbol
Group
6
0
0
0
0
%
GRAVEL
17
42
39
83
52
%
SAND
77
58
61
17
48
%
SILT / CLAY
36
L.L %
21
N.P.
N.P.
N.P.
N.P.
P.L %
15
P. I %
Atterberge Limits
1.6
1.0
0.4
Cont. %
Water
12.5
14.3
17.2
2.6
2.7
1.7
Elevation
39
39
35
Friction Angle ( )
o
Coordinate
Shear Strength
3 (KNlm ) Cohesion (kpa)
Density
Table (1-7) : The Soil Profile and Summary of Laboratory and Field Tests for Bashair Substation
Electricity Transmission line Towers Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State
بسم اه الرحمن الرحيم University of Khartoum Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Dept.- Road & Soil Section
0,0,0,0,1
0,0,0,0,1
2,1,1,1,1
4,2,3,3,2
5,3,3,3,4
7,4,4,5,5
1
1
4
10
13
18
No. of Blows N - value
Remarks
E
37° 17' 47.73096" 14.05 SPT
N
19° 23' 19.78044"
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
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By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
15.0
14.5
Bottom of borehole @ 15m
14.0 Same as the above ……..
13.5
13.0 dark grey, stiff sandy Clay of high plasticity, medium density.
12.5
15
Description
12.0 Same as the above ……..
11.5
11.0
10.5
(m)
Depth
Borehole No: SK 3 Total Boring Depth (m):
Group
CH
CL
Symbol
8
0
8
%
GRAVEL
18
44
29
%
SAND
74
56
63
%
SILT / CLAY
50
67
37
22
27
21
P.L %
28
40
16
P. I %
Atterberge Limits L.L %
Water
1.0
1.0
Cont. %
12.5
12.9
2.0
1.3
o
37
41
Friction Angle ( )
Shear Strength
3 (KNlm ) Cohesion (kpa)
Density
Elevation
Coordinate
6,3,4,3,5
10,7,8,8,9
4,5,6,6,7
0,0,0,0,1
15
32
24
1
No. of Blows N - value
SPT
19° 23' 19.78044" 37° 17' 47.73096" 14.05
Remarks
N E
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
19
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
6.0
10.0
9.5
9.0
8.5
8.0
7.5
7.0
6.5
Continue ……..
Same as the above ……..
dark grey, loose silty Sand, non plastic, low density
Same as the above ……..
Light grey, loose sandy Silt, non-plastic, low density
5.5
Same as the above ……..
5.0
Light brown, silty Sand, non-plastic, low density
Light brown, stiff silty Clay of low plasticity, medium density.
Description
4.5
4.0
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
(m)
Depth
SK 4
Total Boring Depth (m): 15
Borehole No:
CL
ML
SM
CL
Symbol
Group
0
0
0
0
%
GRAVEL
16
30
59
6
%
SAND
84
70
41
94
%
SILT / CLAY
37
42
L.L %
21
N.P.
N.P.
23
16
19
P.L % P. I %
Atterberge Limits
1.0
1.0
0.8
Cont. %
Water
14.0
13.7
16.3
(KNlm )
3
Density
Cohesion (kpa)
1.1
2.1
3.2
Elevation
39
35
35
Friction Angle ( )
o
Coordinate
Shear Strength
Table (1-8) : The Soil Profile and Summary of Laboratory and Field Tests for Bashair Substation
Electricity Transmission line Towers Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State
بسم اه الرحمن الرحيم University of Khartoum Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Dept.- Road & Soil Section
0,0,0,0,1
5,3,3,1,2
1,0,1,1,2
4,2,2,2,1
5,2,2,2,2
5,4,4,5,5
No. of Blows
1
9
4
7
8
18
N - value
Remarks
E
37° 17' 46.48425" 14.20 SPT
N
19° 23' 18.74713"
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
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By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
Description
Bottom of borehole @ 15m
15.0 Same as the above but becoming whitish and very stiff……..
14.5
14.0 Same as the above ……..
13.5 density.
13.0 dark grey, stiff gravelly sandy Clay of low plasticity, medium
12.5
12.0 Same as the above becoming alittle pit hard ……..
11.5
11.0 dark grey, very soft silty Sand, non-plastic, low density
10.5
(m)
Depth
Borehole No: SK 4 Total Boring Depth (m): 15
Group
CL
SM
Symbol
12
20
24
0
%
GRAVEL
21
27
25
51
%
SAND
67
53
51
49
%
SILT / CLAY
41
35
31
20
18
19
N.P.
21
17
12
P.L % P. I %
Atterberge Limits L.L %
Water
0.4
0.4
Cont. %
12.8
14.1
(KNlm )
3
Density
0.1
0.4
Cohesion (kpa)
o
39
41
Friction Angle ( )
Shear Strength
Elevation
Coordinate
11,7,9,7,10
9,6,6,6,6
2,2,2,2,4
0,0,0,0,1
No. of Blows
SPT
33
24
10
1
N - value
19° 23' 18.74713" 37° 17' 46.48425" 14.20
Remarks
N E
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
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By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
10.0
9.5
9.0
8.5
8.0
7.5
7.0
6.5
6.0
5.5
5.0
4.5
4.0
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
(m)
Depth
Continue ……..
dark grey, very soft clayey Sand, low plasticity, low density
Same as the above ……..
Dark grey, soft sandy Clay of low plasticity, medium dense.
Same as the above but becoming very soft ……..
Light brown, silty Sand, non-plastic, low dense
Description
Total Boring Depth (m): 15
Borehole No: SK 5
SC
CL
SM
Symbol
Group
8
0
4
0
0
%
GRAVEL
51
29
28
58
50
%
SAND
41
71
68
42
50
%
SILT / CLAY
29
31
28
L.L %
16
18
18
N.P.
N.P.
P.L %
13
13
10
P. I %
Atterberge Limits
1.1
2.1
1.6
Cont. %
Water
15.1
14.0
17.4
2.8
4.2
3.1
Elevation
Coordinate
43
40
34
Friction Angle (o)
Shear Strength
(KNlm3) Cohesion (kpa)
Density
Table (1-9) : The Soil Profile and Summary of Laboratory and Field Tests for Bashair Substation
Electricity Transmission line Towers Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State
بسم اه الرحمن الرحيم University of Khartoum Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Dept.- Road & Soil Section
0,0,0,0,1
0,0,0,0,1
3,3,2,1,1
1,2,1,2,2
3,2,1,1,1
5,4,3,3,4
1
1
7
7
5
14
No. of Blows N - value
Remarks
E
37° 17' 49.04611" 13.60 SPT
N
19° 23' 19.00527"
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
22
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
Description
Bottom of borehole @ 15m
15.0 Same as the above ........
14.5
14.0 Whitish, stiff clayey gravelly Sand, low plasticity, density
13.5
13.0 Same as the above but with some sand and gravel.....
12.5
12.0
11.5
11.0 dark grey, very soft silty Clay of low plasticity, low density
10.5
(m)
Depth
Borehole No: SK 5 Total Boring Depth (m): 15
Group
SC
CL
Symbol
31
10
2
%
GRAVEL
32
25
10
%
SAND
37
65
88
%
SILT / CLAY
40
37
42
20
18
21
P.L %
20
19
21
P. I %
Atterberge Limits L.L %
Water
1.2
1.4
Cont. %
13.0
14.7
2.9
4.9
o
37
35
Friction Angle ( )
Shear Strength
3 (KNlm ) Cohesion (kpa)
Density
Elevation
Coordinate
14,10,8,8,7
14,7,7,5,8
13,7,7,7,7
0,0,0,0,1
33
27
28
1
No. of Blows N - value
SPT
19° 23' 19.00527" 37° 17' 49.04611" 13.60
Remarks
N E
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
23
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
8.0
7.5
7.0
6.5
6.0
5.5
5.0
4.5
4.0
3.5
Bottom of the borehole @ 8m
Same as the above but with more clay of low plasticity.
Same as the above …..……...
Same as the above but becoming almost sand and nonplastic.
very dense.
2.5
3.0
Brown, very stiff clayey Sand with some gravel, low plasticity,
Brown, very stiff sandy Clay of high plasticity, dense.
Description
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
(m)
Depth
Borehole No: SJ 1 Total Boring Depth (m): 8
CL
SC
CL
Symbol
0
0
0
0
0
%
24
30
38
63
19
%
76
70
62
37
81
%
Group GRAVEL SAND SILT / CLAY
Water
Density
30
27
29
36
18
18
19
NP
22
12
9
10
13
0.7
1.9
0.7
0.4
13.4
13.9
14.5
15.7
4.0
3.9
4.8
5.4
Elevation
Coordinate
40
34
33
33
Friction Angle (o)
Shear Strength
L.L % P.L % P. I % Cont. % (KNlm3) Cohesion (kpa)
Atterberge Limits
Table (1-1) : The Soil Profile and Summary of Laboratory and Field Tests for Bashair Substation
Electricity Transmission line Towers Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State
بسم اه الرحمن الرحيم University of Khartoum Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Dept.- Road & Soil Section
0,0,0,0,1
2,1,2,2,4
3,2,1,1,2
5,3,3,1,1
5,3,3,3,4
No. of Blows
SPT
1
9
6
8
13
N
19° 23' 20.65628" 37° 17' 46.66265" 13.85
Remarks
N E
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
24
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
Description
8.0
7.5
7.0
6.5
6.0
5.5
5.0
4.5
4.0
3.5
Bottom of the borehole @ 8m
Same as the above but with more clay of low plasticity.
Same as the above …..……...
Same as the above but becoming almost sand and nonplastic.
very dense.
2.5
3.0
Brown, very stiff clayey Sand with some gravel, low plasticity,
Brown, very stiff sandy Clay of high plasticity, dense.
8
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
(m)
Depth
Total Boring Depth (m):
Borehole No: SJ 2
SM
CL
Symbol
0
0
0
0
%
66
55
85
43
%
34
45
15
57
%
Group GRAVEL SAND SILT / CLAY
Water
Density
32
NP
NP
NP
20
12
1.5
1.3
0.3
0.2
14.4
14.6
14.5
16.8
0.3
0.9
2.2
2.3
Elevation
Coordinate
36
37
41
39
Friction Angle (o)
Shear Strength
L.L % P.L % P. I % Cont. % (KNlm3) Cohesion (kpa)
Atterberge Limits
Table (1-2) : The Soil Profile and Summary of Laboratory and Field Tests for Bashair Substation
Electricity Transmission line Towers Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State
بسم اه الرحمن الرحيم University of Khartoum Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Dept.- Road & Soil Section
1,0,1,1,2
1,1,2,3,3
3,1,1,2,3
4,3,3,3,3
4,2,3,3,2
No. of Blows
4
9
7
12
10
N
Remarks
E
37° 17' 46.41420" 13.80 SPT
N
19° 23' 19.64800"
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
25
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
8.0
7.5
7.0
6.5
6.0
5.5
5.0
4.5
4.0
3.5
Bottom of the borehole @ 8m
Same as the above but with more clay of low plasticity.
Same as the above …..……...
Same as the above but becoming almost sand and nonplastic.
very dense.
2.5
3.0
Brown, very stiff clayey Sand with some gravel, low plasticity,
Brown, very stiff sandy Clay of high plasticity, dense.
Description
8
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
(m)
Depth
SJ 3
Total Boring Depth (m):
Borehole No:
SM
ML
Symbol
0
0
0
0
%
39
45
63
45
%
61
55
37
55
%
Group GRAVEL SAND SILT / CLAY
Water
Density
27
18
NP
NP
NP
9
1.6
1.2
0.7
1.2
13.7
14.1
14.5
15.2
7.0
2.9
0.5
8.2
Elevation
Coordinate
43
38
36
27
Friction Angle (o)
Shear Strength
L.L % P.L % P. I % Cont. % (KNlm3) Cohesion (kpa)
Atterberge Limits
Table (1-3) : The Soil Profile and Summary of Laboratory and Field Tests for Bashair Substation
Electricity Transmission line Towers Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State
بسم اه الرحمن الرحيم University of Khartoum Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Dept.- Road & Soil Section
0,0,0,01
1,0,1,1,2
1,0,1,0,1
3,1,2,1,2
7,3,3,3,2
No. of Blows
1
4
2
6
11
N
Remarks
E
37° 17' 48.97571" 13.51 SPT
N
19° 23' 19.90583"
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
26
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
8.0
7.5
7.0
6.5
6.0
5.5
5.0
4.5
4.0
3.5
Bottom of the borehole @ 8m
Same as the above but with more clay of low plasticity.
Same as the above …..……...
Same as the above but becoming almost sand and nonplastic.
very dense.
2.5
3.0
Brown, very stiff clayey Sand with some gravel, low plasticity,
Brown, very stiff sandy Clay of high plasticity, dense.
Description
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
(m)
Depth
Borehole No: SJ 4
Total Boring Depth (m): 8
CL
SM
Symbol
0
0
0
0
%
28
58
62
73
%
72
42
38
27
%
Group GRAVEL SAND SILT / CLAY
Water
Density
31
18
NP
NP
NP
13
1.5
1.0
0.8
1.0
13.7
14.4
15.3
14.7
5.1
1.2
0.8
5.9
Elevation
38
36
33
31
Friction Angle ( )
o
Coordinate
Shear Strength
L.L % P.L % P. I % Cont. % (KNlm3) Cohesion (kpa)
Atterberge Limits
Table (1-4) : The Soil Profile and Summary of Laboratory and Field Tests for Bashair Substation
Electricity Transmission line Towers Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State
بسم اه الرحمن الرحيم University of Khartoum Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Dept.- Road & Soil Section
2,2,1,1,1
3,1,1,1,1
4,3,3,3,3
5,2,2,1,1
5,2,3,4,4
No. of Blows
5
4
12
6
13
N
Remarks
E
37° 17' 47.81097" 13.85 SPT
N
19° 23' 18.88064"
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
27
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
5.0
4.5
4.0
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
(m)
Depth
XK 1
Description
Bottom of the borehole @ 5m
Same as the above but becoming very hard.............
Same as the above.............
Brown, very stiff clayey Sand, low plasticity, dense.
Light brown, hard silty Sand, non-plastic, low dense
Total Boring Depth (m): 5
Borehole No:
SC
SM
Symbol
0
0
0
0
%
73
77
73
82
%
27
23
27
18
%
Group GRAVEL SAND SILT / CLAY
Water
Density
27
24
34
19
18
17
NP
8
7
16
1.4
2.1
18.8
15.5
10.4
4.4
Elevation
Coordinate
44
28
Friction Angle (o)
Shear Strength
L.L % P.L % P. I % Cont. % (KNlm3) Cohesion (kpa)
Atterberge Limits
Table (2-1) : The Soil Profile and Summary of Laboratory and Field Tests for The Towers Line
Electricity Transmission line Towers Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State
بسم اه الرحمن الرحيم University of Khartoum Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Dept.- Road & Soil Section
8,10,12,12,14
5,4,4,5,6
34,17,15,12,7
No. of Blows
48
19
51
N
Remarks
E
37° 12' 51.78525" 22.74 SPT
N
19° 32' 14.15948"
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
28
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
5.0
4.5
4.0
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
(m)
Depth Description
Bottom of the borehole @ 5m
Same as the above.............
Same as the above but with more clay.............
Light brown, stiff clayey Sand, low plasticity, medium dense.
Total Boring Depth (m): 5
Borehole No: XK 2
SC
Symbol
12
9
26
%
45
47
53
%
43
44
21
%
Group GRAVEL SAND SILT / CLAY
Water
Density
38
49
32
18
20
16
20
30
16
1.1
1.7
15.1
14.8
0.5
0.2
Elevation
Coordinate
40
43
Friction Angle (o)
Shear Strength
L.L % P.L % P. I % Cont. % (KNlm3) Cohesion (kpa)
Atterberge Limits
Table (2-2) : The Soil Profile and Summary of Laboratory and Field Tests for The Towers Line
Electricity Transmission line Towers Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State
بسم اه الرحمن الرحيم University of Khartoum Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Dept.- Road & Soil Section
5,15,18,18
8,7,7,7,9
12,7,7,5,5
No. of Blows
51
30
24
N
Remarks
E
37° 13' 02.11779" 24.40 SPT
N
19° 32' 10.68222"
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
29
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
5.0
4.5
4.0
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
(m)
Depth
5
Description
Bottom of the borehole @ 5m
Same as the above .............
Same as the above .............
Same as the above .............
Same as the above but becoming more plastic.............
Brown, stiff clayey Sand, low plasticity, medium dense.
Total Boring Depth (m):
Borehole No: XK 3
SC
Symbol
6
10
7
9
31
%
55
60
57
61
52
%
39
30
36
30
17
%
Group GRAVEL SAND SILT / CLAY
Water
Density
45
46
57
42
23
21
22
22
19
16
24
24
35
24
7
1.4
1.3
14.5
16.4
8.2
6.3
Elevation
Coordinate
33
44
Friction Angle (o)
Shear Strength
L.L % P.L % P. I % Cont. % (KNlm3) Cohesion (kpa)
Atterberge Limits
Table (2-3) : The Soil Profile and Summary of Laboratory and Field Tests for The Towers Line
Electricity Transmission line Towers Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State
بسم اه الرحمن الرحيم University of Khartoum Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Dept.- Road & Soil Section
11,9,11,10,21
12,11,12,11,13
4,7,11,9,9
No. of Blows
51
47
36
N
Remarks
E
37° 13' 39.30990" 22.60 SPT
N
19° 30' 51.90027"
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
30
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
5.0
4.5
4.0
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
(m)
Depth
XK 4 5
Description
Bottom of the borehole @ 5m
Light grey, very hard silty Sand, non-plastic, very dense
Brown, very stiff clayey Sand with some gravel, low plasticity,
Light brown, hard silty Sand, non-plastic, low dense
Total Boring Depth (m):
Borehole No:
SM
SC
SM
Symbol
14
2
5
13
16
%
68
85
44
56
73
%
18
13
51
31
11
%
Group GRAVEL SAND SILT / CLAY
Water
Density
31
27
NP
NP
20
15
NP
11
12
0.6
1.0
17.6
15.5
2.0
4.9
Elevation
Coordinate
40
35
Friction Angle (o)
Shear Strength
L.L % P.L % P. I % Cont. % (KNlm3) Cohesion (kpa)
Atterberge Limits
Table (2-4) : The Soil Profile and Summary of Laboratory and Field Tests for The Towers Line
Electricity Transmission line Towers Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State
بسم اه الرحمن الرحيم University of Khartoum Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Dept.- Road & Soil Section
21,16,21,14
12,9,10,8,9
11,8,10,10,11
No. of Blows
51
36
39
N
Remarks
E
37° 14' 33.09147" 27.50 SPT
N
19° 28' 29.88570"
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
31
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
5.0
4.5
4.0
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
(m)
Depth
XK 5
Description
Bottom of the borehole @ 5m
Light grey, hard silty Sand, non-plastic, very dense
Same as the above .............
Same as the above .............
Brown, stiff sandy Clay of low plasticity, low dense.
Total Boring Depth (m): 5
Borehole No:
SM
CL
Symbol
20
0
0
0
%
42
45
23
25
%
38
55
77
75
%
Group GRAVEL SAND SILT / CLAY
Water
Density
26
37
35
NP
19
23
19
7
14
17
1.2
2.3
15.0
13.3
3.8
3.3
Elevation
44
41
Friction Angle ( )
o
Coordinate
Shear Strength
L.L % P.L % P. I % Cont. % (KNlm3) Cohesion (kpa)
Atterberge Limits
Table (2-5) : The Soil Profile and Summary of Laboratory and Field Tests for The Towers Line
Electricity Transmission line Towers Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State
بسم اه الرحمن الرحيم University of Khartoum Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Dept.- Road & Soil Section
26,51
4,3,4,3,4
5,4,5,4,6
No. of Blows
51
14
19
N
Remarks
E
37° 15' 29.82366" 16.00 SPT
N
19° 28' 48.65460"
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
32
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
5.0
4.5
4.0
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
(m)
Depth
XK 6 5
Description
Bottom of the borehole @ 5m
Same as the above but becoming very hard.
Dark grey, stiff silty Sand, non-plastic, dense.
Grey, hard sandy silty Gravel, non-plastic, very dense
Total Boring Depth (m):
Borehole No:
SM
GM
Symbol
13
0
57
%
43
73
31
%
44
27
12
%
Group GRAVEL SAND SILT / CLAY
Water
Density
NP
NP
NP
0.6
0.6
14.8
16.2
1.0
0.2
Elevation
Coordinate
37
43
Friction Angle (o)
Shear Strength
L.L % P.L % P. I % Cont. % (KNlm3) Cohesion (kpa)
Atterberge Limits
Table (2-6) : The Soil Profile and Summary of Laboratory and Field Tests for The Towers Line
Electricity Transmission line Towers Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State
بسم اه الرحمن الرحيم University of Khartoum Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Dept.- Road & Soil Section
10,13,14,19,5
10,8,11,9,11
13,10,11,13,17
No. of Blows
51
39
51
N
Remarks
E
37° 16' 12.70747" 13.46 SPT
N
19° 27' 30.89950"
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
33
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
5.0
4.5
4.0
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
(m)
Depth
XK 7
Description
Bottom of the borehole @ 5m
Same as the above .............
Same as the above .............
Light brown, hard silty Sand, non-plastic, medium dense
Total Boring Depth (m): 5
Borehole No:
SM
Symbol
0
0
0
%
72
74
83
%
28
26
17
%
Group GRAVEL SAND SILT / CLAY
Water
Density
NP
NP
NP
1.0
1.3
15.0
16.0
1.2
1.7
Elevation
Coordinate
40
39
Friction Angle (o)
Shear Strength
L.L % P.L % P. I % Cont. % (KNlm3) Cohesion (kpa)
Atterberge Limits
Table (2-7) : The Soil Profile and Summary of Laboratory and Field Tests for The Towers Line
Electricity Transmission line Towers Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State
بسم اه الرحمن الرحيم University of Khartoum Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Dept.- Road & Soil Section
6,5,5,5,5
13,10,9,9,9
12,10,6,8,9
No. of Blows
20
37
33
N
Remarks
E
37° 16' 22.73960" 18.97 SPT
N
19° 26' 34.69780"
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
34
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
5.0
4.5
4.0
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
(m)
Depth Description
Bottom of the borehole @ 5m
Same as the above .............
Same as the above .............
Same as the above .............
Brown, silty Sand, non-plastic, low dense
Total Boring Depth (m): 5
Borehole No: XK 8
SM
Symbol
0
0
0
0
%
52
65
67
74
%
48
35
33
26
%
Group GRAVEL SAND SILT / CLAY
Water
Density
25
18
NP
NP
NP
7
1.2
0.5
15.0
16.1
2.4
3.7
Elevation
Coordinate
38
34
Friction Angle (o)
Shear Strength
L.L % P.L % P. I % Cont. % (KNlm3) Cohesion (kpa)
Atterberge Limits
Table (2-8) : The Soil Profile and Summary of Laboratory and Field Tests for The Towers Line
Electricity Transmission line Towers Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State
بسم اه الرحمن الرحيم University of Khartoum Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Dept.- Road & Soil Section
16,10,8,5,5
6,4,5,6,7
5,3,3,2,2
No. of Blows
28
22
10
N
Remarks
E
37° 16' 29.13574" 24.12 SPT
N
19° 23' 35.22897"
Appendix (B)
Grain Size Distribution
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
35
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 37%, Silt / Clay = 63%} BH (SK1) 100 90
%PASSING
80
Depth = 0.0 - 2.0 m
70
60 50
40 30 20 10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM
1.000
10.000
SAND COARSE
FINE
GRAVEL
MEDIUM COARSE
FINE
MEDIUM
Cob COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 64%, Silt / Clay = 36%} BH (SK1) 100 90
80
%PASSING
70
Depth = 2.0 - 4.0 m
60 50
40 30
20 10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM
1.000
10.000
SAND COARSE
FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
GRAVEL FINE
MEDIUM
Cob COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
36
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 33%, Silt / Clay = 67%} BH (SK1) 100
90 80 Depth = 4.0 - 7.0 m
%PASSING
70 60 50
40 30
20 10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM
1.000
10.000
SAND COARSE
FINE
MEDIUM
GRAVEL COARSE
FINE
MEDIUM
Cob COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 9%, Sand = 45%, Silt / Clay = 45%} BH (SK1) 100
90 80 Depth = 7.0 - 10.0 m
%PASSING
70 60 50
40 30 20 10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT
CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
1.000
10.000
SAND FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
GRAVEL
FINE
Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
37
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 19%, Silt / Clay = 81%} BH (SK1) 100
90 80 Depth = 10.0 - 12.0 m
%PASSING
70 60 50
40 30 20 10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT
CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
1.000
10.000
SAND FINE
GRAVEL
MEDIUM COARSE
FINE
Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curves {Gravel = 11%, Sand = 21%, Silt / Clay = 50 %} BH (SK1) 100
90 80 Depth = 12.0 - 13.0 m
%PASSING
70 60 50
40 30
20 10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
1.000
10.000
SAND FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
FINE
GRAVEL Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
38
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curves {Gravel = 14%, Sand = 36%, Silt / Clay = 69%} BH (SK1) 100
90 80
%PASSING
70
Depth = 13.0 - 15.0 m
60 50
40 30
20 10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT CLAY
FINE
1.000
10.000
SAND
MEDIUM COARSE
FINE
GRAVEL
MEDIUM COARSE
FINE
Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 18%, Silt / Clay = 82%} BH (SK2) 100 90
%PASSING
80
Depth = 0.0 - 1.0 m
70
60 50
40 30 20 10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM
1.000
10.000
SAND COARSE
FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
GRAVEL FINE
MEDIUM
Cob COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
39
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 55%, Silt / Clay = 45%} BH (SK2) 100
90 80
%PASSING
70
Depth = 1.0 - 4.0 m
60 50 40 30 20
10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
1.000
10.000
SAND FINE
GRAVEL
MEDIUM COARSE
FINE
Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 50%, Silt / Clay = 50%} BH (SK2) 100
90 80 Depth = 4.0 - 6.0 m
%PASSING
70 60 50
40 30
20 10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
1.000
10.000
SAND FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
GRAVEL
FINE
Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
40
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 45%, Silt / Clay = 55%} BH (SK2) 100
90 80 Depth = 6.0 - 8.0 m
%PASSING
70 60 50
40 30 20 10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT
CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
1.000
10.000
SAND FINE
GRAVEL
MEDIUM COARSE
FINE
Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curves {Gravel = 6 - 7%, Sand = 18 - 33%, Silt / Clay = 60 - 76%} BH (SK2 100
90 80 Depth = 6.0 - 8.0 m
%PASSING
70
Depth = 8.0 - 10.0 m
60
Depth = 10.0 - 13.0 m
50
Depth = 13.0 - 15.0 m
40 30 20 10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT
CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
1.000
10.000
SAND FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
GRAVEL
FINE
Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
41
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 52%, Silt / Clay = 48%} BH (SK3) 100 90
%PASSING
80
Depth = 0.0 - 3.0 m
70
60 50
40 30 20 10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM
1.000
10.000
SAND COARSE
FINE
GRAVEL
MEDIUM COARSE
FINE
MEDIUM
Cob COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 83%, Silt / Clay = 17%} BH (SK3) 100
90 80
%PASSING
70
Depth = 3.0 - 4.0 m
60 50 40 30 20
10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
1.000
10.000
SAND FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
GRAVEL
FINE
Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
42
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curves {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 39 - 42%, Silt / Clay = 58 - 61%} BH (S 100
90 80 Depth = 4.0 - 6.0 m
%PASSING
70
Depth = 6.0 - 7.0 m
60 50
40 30
20 10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM
1.000
10.000
SAND COARSE
FINE
GRAVEL
MEDIUM COARSE
FINE
MEDIUM
Cob COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 6%, Sand = 17%, Silt / Clay = 76%} BH (SK3) 100
90 80 Depth = 7.0 - 11.0 m
%PASSING
70 60 50
40 30 20 10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT
CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
1.000
10.000
SAND FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
GRAVEL
FINE
Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
43
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 6%, Sand = 17%, Silt / Clay = 76%} BH (SK3) 100
90 80 Depth = 7.0 - 11.0 m
%PASSING
70 60 50
40 30 20 10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT
CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
1.000
10.000
SAND FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
FINE
GRAVEL Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curves {Gravel = 0 - 8%, Sand = 18 - 44%, Silt / Clay = 56 - 74%} BH (SK3) 100
90 80
Depth = 11.0 - 12.0 m
%PASSING
70
Depth = 12.0 - 13.0 m
60
Depth = 13.0 - 15.0 m
50
40 30
20 10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
1.000
10.000
SAND FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
GRAVEL FINE
Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
44
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 6%, Silt / Clay = 94%} BH (SK4) 100 90
%PASSING
80
Depth = 0.0 - 2.0 m
70
60 50
40 30 20 10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM
1.000
10.000
SAND COARSE
FINE
GRAVEL
MEDIUM COARSE
FINE
MEDIUM
Cob COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 59%, Silt / Clay = 41%} BH (SK4) 100
90 80
%PASSING
70
Depth = 2.0 - 4.0 m
60 50 40 30 20
10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
1.000
10.000
SAND FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
GRAVEL
FINE
Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
45
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curves {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 16 - 30%, Silt / Clay = 70 - 84%} BH (SK4) 100
90 80 Depth = 4.0 - 7.0 m
%PASSING
70
Depth = 7.0 - 10.0 m
60 50
40 30
20 10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM
1.000
10.000
SAND COARSE
FINE
GRAVEL
MEDIUM COARSE
FINE
MEDIUM
Cob COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 51%, Silt / Clay = 49%} BH (SK4) 100
90 80 Depth = 10.0 - 12.0 m
%PASSING
70 60 50
40 30 20 10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT
CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
1.000
10.000
SAND FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
GRAVEL
FINE
Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
46
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curves {Gravel = 12 - 24%, Sand = 21 - 27%, Silt / Clay = 51 - 67%} BH (SK4) 100
90
%PASSING
80 70
Depth = 12.0 - 13.0 m
60
Depth = 13.0 - 14.0 m
50
Depth = 14.0 - 15.0 m
40 30
20 10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT CLAY
FINE
1.000
10.000
SAND
MEDIUM COARSE
FINE
GRAVEL
MEDIUM COARSE
FINE
Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 50%, Silt / Clay = 50%} BH (SK5) 100 90
%PASSING
80
Depth = 0.0 - 2.0 m
70
60 50
40 30 20 10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM
1.000
10.000
SAND COARSE
FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
GRAVEL FINE
MEDIUM
Cob COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
47
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 58%, Silt / Clay = 42%} BH (SK5) 100
90 80
%PASSING
70
Depth = 2.0 - 4.0 m
60 50 40 30 20
10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT CLAY
FINE
1.000
10.000
SAND
MEDIUM COARSE
FINE
GRAVEL
MEDIUM COARSE
FINE
Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curves {Gravel = 0 - 4%, Sand = 28 - 29%, Silt / Clay = 68 - 71%} BH (S 100
90 80 Depth = 4.0 - 6.0 m
%PASSING
70
Depth = 6.0 - 8.0 m
60 50
40 30
20 10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM
1.000
10.000
SAND COARSE
FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
GRAVEL FINE
MEDIUM
Cob COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
48
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 8%, Sand = 51%, Silt / Clay = 41%} BH (SK5) 100
90 80 Depth = 8.0 - 10.0 m
%PASSING
70 60 50
40 30
20 10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM
1.000
10.000
SAND COARSE
FINE
GRAVEL
MEDIUM COARSE
FINE
MEDIUM
Cob COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curves {Gravel = 2 - 10%, Sand = 10 - 25%, Silt / Clay = 65 - 88%} BH (SK5) 100
90 80
%PASSING
70
Depth = 10.0 - 12.0 m
60 Depth = 12.0 - 13.0 m
50
40 30
20 10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
1.000
10.000
SAND FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
GRAVEL FINE
Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
49
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 31%, Sand = 32%, Silt / Clay = 37%} BH (SK5) 100
90 80
%PASSING
70 60 Depth = 13.0 - 15.0 m
50
40 30
20 10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT CLAY
FINE
1.000
10.000
SAND
MEDIUM COARSE
FINE
GRAVEL
MEDIUM COARSE
FINE
Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 19%, Silt / Clay = 81%} BH (SJ1) 100
90
%PASSING
80
Depth = 0 - 1.0 m
70
60 50 40 30 20
10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM
1.000
10.000
SAND COARSE
FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
GRAVEL FINE
MEDIUM
Cob COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
50
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 63%, Silt / Clay = 37%} BH (SJ1) 100
90 80 Depth = 1.0 - 3.0 m
%PASSING
70
60 50 40 30 20
10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
1.000
10.000
SAND FINE
GRAVEL
MEDIUM COARSE
FINE
Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curves {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 24 - 38%, Silt / Clay = 62 - 76%} BH (SJ1) 100
90 80 Depth = 3.0 - 5.0 m
%PASSING
70 Depth = 5.0 - 7.0 m
60 Depth = 7.0 - 8.0 m
50
40 30 20 10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT
CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
1.000
10.000
SAND FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
GRAVEL
FINE
Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
51
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 43%, Silt / Clay = 57%} BH (SJ2) 100
90 Depth = 0 - 1.0 m
%PASSING
80 70
60 50 40 30 20
10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM
1.000
10.000
SAND COARSE
FINE
GRAVEL
MEDIUM COARSE
FINE
Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 85%, Silt / Clay = 15%} BH (SJ2) 100
90 80
%PASSING
70
Depth = 1.0 - 4.0 m
60 50 40 30 20
10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
1.000
10.000
SAND FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
GRAVEL
FINE
Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
52
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 85%, Silt / Clay = 15%} BH (SJ2) 100
90 80
%PASSING
70
Depth = 1.0 - 4.0 m
60 50 40 30 20
10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
1.000
10.000
SAND FINE
GRAVEL
MEDIUM COARSE
FINE
Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 45%, Silt / Clay = 55%} BH (SJ2) 100
90 80 Depth = 4.0 - 6.0 m
%PASSING
70 60 50
40 30 20 10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT
CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
1.000
10.000
SAND FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
GRAVEL
FINE
Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
53
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 66%, Silt / Clay = 34%} BH (SJ2) 100
90 80 Depth = 6.0 - 8.0 m
%PASSING
70 60 50
40 30
20 10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT CLAY
FINE
1.000
10.000
SAND
MEDIUM COARSE
FINE
GRAVEL
MEDIUM COARSE
FINE
Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 45%, Silt / Clay = 55%} BH (SJ3) 100
90
%PASSING
80
Depth = 0 - 1.0 m
70
60 50 40 30 20
10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM
1.000
10.000
SAND COARSE
FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
GRAVEL FINE
MEDIUM
Cob COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
54
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 63%, Silt / Clay = 37%} BH (SJ3) 100
90 80
%PASSING
70
Depth = 1.0 - 4.0 m
60 50 40 30 20
10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
1.000
10.000
SAND FINE
GRAVEL
MEDIUM COARSE
FINE
Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curves {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 39 - 45%, Silt / Clay = 55 - 61%} BH (SJ3) 100
90 80 Depth = 4.0 - 7.0 m
%PASSING
70
Depth = 7.0 - 8.0 m
60 50
40 30 20 10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT
CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
1.000
10.000
SAND FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
GRAVEL
FINE
Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
55
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curves {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 58 - 73%, Silt / Clay = 27 - 42%} BH (SJ4) 100
90 Depth = 0 - 1.0 m
%PASSING
80
Depth = 1.0 - 4.0 m
70
Depth = 4.0 - 6.0 m
60 50 40 30 20
10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM
1.000
10.000
SAND COARSE
FINE
GRAVEL
MEDIUM COARSE
FINE
MEDIUM
Cob COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 28%, Silt / Clay = 72%} BH (SJ4) 100
90 80 Depth = 6.0 - 8.0 m
%PASSING
70 60 50
40 30
20 10 0 0.001 CLAY
0.010 SILT FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
0.100
1.000
10.000 GRAVEL
SAND FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
FINE
Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
56
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 82%, Silt / Clay = 18%} BH (XK1) 100
90
%PASSING
80
Depth = 0 - 1.0 m
70
60 50 40 30 20
10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM
1.000
10.000
SAND COARSE
FINE
GRAVEL
MEDIUM COARSE
FINE
MEDIUM
Cob COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 73%, Silt / Clay = 27%} BH (XK1) 100
90 80
Depth = 1.0 - 3.0 m
%PASSING
70
60 50 40 30 20
10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
1.000
10.000
SAND FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
GRAVEL
FINE
Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
57
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curves {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 73 - 77%, Silt / Clay = 23 - 27%} BH (XK1) 100
90 80 Depth = 3.0 - 4.0 m
%PASSING
70
Depth = 4.0 - 5.0 m
60 50
40 30 20 10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT
CLAY
FINE
1.000
10.000
SAND
MEDIUM COARSE
FINE
GRAVEL
MEDIUM COARSE
FINE
Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 26%, Sand = 53%, Silt / Clay = 20%} BH (XK2) 100
90
%PASSING
80 70
Depth = 0 - 2.0 m
60 50 40 30 20
10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM
1.000
10.000
SAND COARSE
FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
GRAVEL FINE
MEDIUM
Cob COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
58
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 9%, Sand = 47%, Silt / Clay = 44%} BH (XK2) 100
90 80
Depth = 2.0 - 5.0 m
%PASSING
70
60 50 40 30 20
10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT CLAY
FINE
1.000
10.000
SAND
MEDIUM COARSE
FINE
GRAVEL
MEDIUM COARSE
FINE
Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 31%, Sand = 52%, Silt / Clay = 17%} BH (XK3) 100
90
%PASSING
80 70 Depth = 0 - 1.0 m
60 50 40 30 20
10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM
1.000
10.000
SAND COARSE
FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
GRAVEL FINE
MEDIUM
Cob COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
59
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 9%, Sand = 61%, Silt / Clay = 29%} BH (XK3) 100
90 80 70
Depth = 1.0 - 2.0 m
%PASSING
60 50 40 30 20
10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT CLAY
FINE
1.000
10.000
SAND
MEDIUM COARSE
FINE
GRAVEL
MEDIUM COARSE
FINE
Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curves {Gravel = 6 - 10%, Sand = 55 - 60%, Silt / Clay = 30 - 39%} B 100
90 80
Depth = 2.0 - 3.0 m
70
%PASSING
Depth = 3.0 - 4.0 m Depth = 4.0 - 5.0 m
60 50
40 30
20 10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM
1.000
10.000
SAND COARSE
FINE
MEDIUM
GRAVEL COARSE
FINE
MEDIUM
Cob COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
60
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 16%, Sand = 73%, Silt / Clay = 12%} BH (XK4) 100
90
%PASSING
80 70 Depth = 0 - 1.0 m
60 50 40 30 20
10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM
1.000
10.000
SAND COARSE
FINE
GRAVEL
MEDIUM COARSE
FINE
MEDIUM
Cob COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 13%, Sand = 56%, Silt / Clay = 31%} BH (XK4) 100
90 80
%PASSING
70
Depth = 1.0 - 2.0 m
60 50 40 30 20
10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
1.000
10.000
SAND FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
GRAVEL
FINE
Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
61
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 5%, Sand = 44%, Silt / Clay = 50%} BH (XK4) 100
90 80 Depth = 2.0 - 3.0 m
%PASSING
70 60 50
40 30 20 10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT
CLAY
FINE
1.000
10.000
SAND
MEDIUM COARSE
FINE
GRAVEL
MEDIUM COARSE
FINE
Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curves {Gravel = 2 - 14%, Sand = 68 - 85%, Silt / Clay = 13 - 17%} BH (XK 100
90 80
Depth = 3.0 - 4.0 m
70
%PASSING
Depth = 4.0 - 5.0 m
60 50
40 30
20 10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM
1.000
10.000
SAND COARSE
FINE
MEDIUM
GRAVEL COARSE
FINE
MEDIUM
Cob COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
62
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curves {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 23 - 25%, Silt / Clay = 75 - 77%} BH (XK5) 100
90
%PASSING
80 70
Depth = 0 - 1.0 m
60
Depth = 1.0 - 2.0 m
50 40 30 20
10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM
1.000
10.000
SAND COARSE
FINE
GRAVEL
MEDIUM COARSE
FINE
MEDIUM
Cob COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 45%, Silt / Clay = 55%} BH (XK5) 100
90 80 Depth = 2.0 - 4.0 m
%PASSING
70 60 50
40 30 20 10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT
CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
1.000
10.000
SAND FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
GRAVEL
FINE
Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
63
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 20%, Sand = 42%, Silt / Clay = 38%} BH (XK5) 100
90 80 Depth = 4.0 - 5.0 m
%PASSING
70 60 50
40 30
20 10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT CLAY
FINE
1.000
10.000
SAND
MEDIUM COARSE
FINE
GRAVEL
MEDIUM COARSE
FINE
Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 57%, Sand = 31%, Silt / Clay = 12%} BH (XK6) 100
90
%PASSING
80 70
60 50 40 Depth = 0 - 1.0 m
30 20
10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM
1.000
10.000
SAND COARSE
FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
GRAVEL FINE
MEDIUM
Cob COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
64
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 73%, Silt / Clay = 27%} BH (XK6) 100 90 Depth = 1.0 - 3.0 m
%PASSING
80 70
60 50
40 30 20 10 0 0.001
0.010 SILT
CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
0.100 FINE
SAND MEDIUM
1.000 COARSE
10.000 GRAVEL FINE
MEDIUM
Cob COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 13%, Sand = 43%, Silt / Clay = 44%} BH (XK6) 100
90 80 Depth = 3.0 - 5.0 m
%PASSING
70 60 50
40 30 20 10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT
CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
1.000
10.000
SAND FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
GRAVEL
FINE
Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
65
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curves {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 72 - 83%, Silt / Clay = 17 - 28%} BH (XK7) 100 90
%PASSING
80 70
60 50
Depth = 0 - 1.0 m
40
Depth = 1.0 - 3.0 m
30
Depth = 3.0 - 5.0 m
20 10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
1.000
10.000
SAND FINE
MEDIUM
GRAVEL COARSE
FINE
MEDIUM
Cob COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curves {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 52 - 74%, Silt / Clay = 26 - 48%} BH (XK8) 100 90
%PASSING
80
Depth = 0 - 1.0 m
70
Depth = 1.0 - 2.0 m
60 Depth = 2.0 - 3.0 m 50
Depth = 3.0 - 5.0 m
40 30 20 10 0 0.001
0.010
0.100
SILT CLAY
FINE
MEDIUM COARSE
1.000
10.000
SAND FINE
MEDIUM
GRAVEL COARSE
FINE
MEDIUM
Cob COARSE bles
PARTICLE SIZE(mm)
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
66
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
Appendix (D)
Chemical Tests Results
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
67
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum
جامعة الخرطوم كلية الهندسة قسم الهندسة المدنية 321 ص ب خرطوم – سودان 771577 :تلفون
University of Khartoum Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Department P. O. Box 321, P. Code 11111, Khartoum, Sudan 771577Tel. 0249-11E-mail:
[email protected]
Oct. 23, 2010 Project: Plot No. 44, Sq. 35 Location: at Khartoum Extension Subject: Chemical Tests Results You will find below the tests results for the two soil samples taken from the two boreholes at 4m depth.
Borehole N0.
Sulphate (gm/lit)
Chloride (%)
PH (@25˚C)
BH 1
0.329
0.007
8.3
BH 2
0.343
0.006
8.1
Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan
68
By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum