geotechnical investigation for

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0.001. 0.010. 0.100. 1.000. 10.000. %. PA. SS. IN. G. PARTICLE SIZE(mm). UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM. FACULTY OF ENGINEERING. CIVIL ENG. DEPT.
‫بسم ه الرحمن الرحيم‬ University of Khartoum Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Department P. O. Box 321, P. Code 11111, Khartoum, Sudan 771577Tel. 0249-11E-mail: [email protected]

‫جامعة الخرطوم‬ ‫كلية الهندسة‬ ‫قسم الهندسة المدنية‬ 321 ‫ص ب‬ ‫خرطوم – سودان‬ 771577 :‫تلفون‬

GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION

FOR

TOWERS OF ELECTRICITY TRANSMISSION LINE POJECT IN PORT SUDAN

BBY Y D Drr.. M Ma ag gd dii ZZuum mrra aw wii SSo oiill & & RRo oa ad d SSe ec cttiio onn JJU ULLY Y 22001111

‫بسم اه الرمن الرحيم‬

CONTENTS Page No. 1. Introduction……....….…....…...….....……….…………………….2 2. Project Description….........……..….........………………………...3 3. Field Investigation...….………..........……….……………..……...4 4. Laboratory Testing….............................................…………….…..5 5. Soil Profile.......……......…………………...………………………7 6. Soil Bearing Capacity...…………………...….……………………8 7. Conclusions & Recommendations ………………………….…..10 8. Appendix ....………..………..…......……….....…..……….……..12

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

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By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

G GE EO OT TE EC CH HN NIIC CA AL L IIN NV VE ESST TIIG GA AT TIIO ON N 1. Introduction This is a detailed geotechnical report that presents the results of the field and laboratory investigation that carried out by the Soil and Road Section, Civil Engineering Dept., Faculty of Eng., University of Khartoum for the proposed towers of electricity transmission line at Port Sudan in Red Sea State as requested by the contractor CPP. The field work was comprised of drilling boreholes and performing Standard Penetration Test (SPT) to satisfactory depths. The field program was performed by the technical team of Tehila for Services and Design Company involved in drilling the boreholes and performing the SPT. The laboratory testing was carried out by the technical staff of the soil mechanics laboratory, Khartoum University. The field and laboratory tests were carried out to provide the subsoil profile and the soil physical and chemical properties required for calculations of the foundation soil bearing capacity and help in foundation design. The field work was carried out in June 2011 and the laboratory testing followed. This report presents the results of the field and laboratory investigation together with the recommendations.

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

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By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

2. Project Description The project is the proposed towers of electricity transmission lines at Port Sudan in Red Sea State. In this project seventeen boreholes were required to be drilled at different locations. The site area of Bashair substation at Port Sudan is 90m length by 70m width. In this site nine boreholes (SK1 to SK5 and SJ1 to SJ4) were drilled to 15m and 8m depths. There are eight towers of electricity transmission line were proposed to be located beside the asphalt road alignment. For each tower one borehole was drilled to 5m depth, thus eight boreholes (XK1 to XK8) were drilled. The drilled boreholes in the substation site are graphically shown in Figure 1. 90 m

N

70 m

SK1

SJ1

SK2

SJ2

SK3

SJ3

SK4

SJ4

SK5

Fig (1): The site layout of Bashair substation and the boreholes Location for the electricity transmission line at Port Sudan Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

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By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

3. Field Investigation The investigation was comprised of drilling seventeen boreholes and performing the Standard Penetration Test (SPT). In the site of Bashair substation nine boreholes were drilled and beside the asphalt road alignment at the towers locations eight boreholes were drilled. Thus it seems drilling seventeen boreholes and performing SPT for this project will be satisfied. The location of the boreholes is shown in Fig. (1). 3.1 Drilling Boreholes The field work was started with drilling boreholes in the area of the proposed substation at Bashair and the towers location along the asphalt road to have an idea about the subsoil profile and uniformity or not of the soil. In Bashair substation five boreholes (SK1 to SK5) were drilled to 15m and four boreholes (SJ1 to SJ4) were drilled to 8m depth at different locations to cover the site area as shown in Figure (1). Eight boreholes (XK1 to XK8) were drilled at the towers locations scattered along the asphalt road alignment. The borings were drilled by an auger drilling machine. Disturbed soil samples were obtained at one meter intervals and were taken up to the end of the borehole. These soil samples were kept in plastic bags, labeled and transported to the soil mechanics Laboratory

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

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By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

in Khartoum University for visual inspection and testing. 3.2 Standard Penetration Test (SPT) The Standard Penetration Test (SPT) was performed for each borehole at a depth interval of 1.5 m. and soil samples were taken. A split spoon sampler, 50 mm in diameter was driven by the blows of a standard hammer weighing 64kg and falling freely from a height of 760 mm. The number of blows required to give a tube penetration of 300 mm was taken as SPT–N value of the soil tested at a specified borehole depth. The SPT were done according to International Standards. The results are displayed in the summary tables of Appendix (A).

4. Laboratory Testing The Laboratory program was comprised of performing tests on the disturbed soil samples obtained from the drilling. The testing procedures followed were in general conformance with those recommended in BS 1377 and the soils were classified according to the Unified System for Classifying Soils (USCS). The laboratory tests performed included the following:– Atterberg Limits tests (Liquid Limit & Plastic Limit) – Grain size analysis (Wet sieve analysis)

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

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By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

– Shear strength (Direct Shear test) – Chemical tests 4.1 Atterberg Limits The tests performed were liquid limit (LL) and plastic limit (PL) tests. These tests were carried out on representative soil samples. Disturbed soil samples were taken at one meter intervals depths of the boreholes. The samples tested were about ninety three samples and the results obtained are listed in the summary tables of Appendix (A). 4.2 Sieve Analysis Test These tests were carried out on representative soil samples taken at one meter intervals depths of the boreholes. The wet sieve analysis tests were performed on ninety three samples and the results of these tests are shown in Appendices (A) & (B). 4.3 Shear Box Test This test was performed using soil samples taken at certain depths of the boreholes. The test was carried out to determine the soil shear strength parameters (cohesion "C" and angle of internal friction "Ø") of the soil in this locality. The shear box tests were carried out on seventy five soil samples and the results of these tests are given in Appendix (A) & (C). Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

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By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

4.4 Chemical Test Chemical tests were carried out on soil sample taken from shallow depths (1m to 3m) of the boreholes. The tests measure the amount of sulphate and chloride in the soil. The tests results are given in tables in Appendix (D).

5. Soil Profile 5.1 Bashair Substation The nine boreholes drilled at the locations in the substation at Bashair (SK1 to SK5 & SJ1 to SJ4) as shown in Figure (1) indicated a general subsoil profile that consists of four main zones. The First top ground layer of 2m thick is sandy Clay of low plasticity was encountered. This is underlain by a layer of silty clayey Sand was encountered up to 5m depth. A layer of sandy Silt was encountered between 5m and 8m depth. This is followed by a thick layer of sandy Clay of low plasticity was encountered at 8m and extended down to the end of the borehole at 15m depth. Ground water table was not encountered in this investigation.

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

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By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

5.2 Towers Locations The eight boreholes drilled at the locations of the towers (XK1 to XK8) indicated a general subsoil profile that consists of two main layers. The First top layer of 2m thick is silty Sand soil was encountered. This is underlain by a layer of clayey Sand was encountered at 2m and extended down to the end of the borehole at 5m depth. Ground water table was not encountered during this site investigation.

6. Soil Bearing Capacity The bearing capacity of the foundation soil can be determined using Terzaghi bearing capacity equation: qu = CNc Sc + q Nq + 0.5 γ B N γ S γ

6.1 The Substation Bearing Capacity The foundation of the substation was recommended to be placed at 3m on silty clayey Sand layer encountered between 2m to 5m depth. The average foundation soil properties at 3m depth can be obtained from the tests results as given in appendix (A):

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

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By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

Average bulk density (γ) = 16.4 KN/m3 Soil cohesion (C) = 3 KN/ m2 Angle of internal friction (ф) =34◦ Foundation depth = 3 m Foundation width (assumed) = 10 m The bearing capacity coeff. : Nc = 24, Nq = 11.7, N γ= 9.2 Vertical surcharge pressure q = 16.4 * 3 = 49.2 KN/ m2 Foundation rectangular shape coeff. Sc = 1.3, S γ = 0.80 By substituting the above properties in Terzaghi’s equation, the ultimate bearing capacity qu = 1276 KN/m2. By using factor of safety equal 5, the allowable bearing capacity qa = 255 KN/m2. To support the structure of medium to high load, it is recommended to use raft foundation at a depth not less than 3m below ground surface.

6.1 The towers locations Bearing Capacity The towers foundations was recommended to be placed at 4m on a layer of clayey Sand encountered between 2m to 5m depth. The average foundation soil properties at 4m depth can be obtained from the tests results as given in appendix (A): Average bulk density (γ) = 15 KN/m3 Soil cohesion (C) = 3 KN/ m2 Angle of internal friction (ф) =38◦ Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

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By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

Foundation depth = 4 m Foundation width (assumed) = 4 m The bearing capacity coeff. : Nc = 31, Nq = 17.3, N γ= 15.3 Vertical surcharge pressure q = 15 * 4 = 60 KN/ m2 Foundation rectangular shape coeff. Sc = 1.3, S γ = 0.80 By substituting the above properties in Terzaghi’s equation, the ultimate bearing capacity qu = 1529 KN/m2. By using factor of safety equal 5, the allowable bearing capacity qa = 306 KN/m2. To support the structure of medium to high load, it is recommended to use raft foundation at a depth not less than 4m below ground surface.

7. Conclusions and Recommendations The report summarizes the results of the field and laboratory investigation performed for the proposed substation at Bashair and the towers of electricity transmission line beside the asphalt road alignment in port Sudan. Seventeen boreholes with depths of 15m (SK1 to SK5), 8m (SJ1 to SJ4) and (XK1 to XK8) were drilled and the Standard Penetration Tests (SPT) at each borehole was performed at the site to reveal the subsoil profile and physical properties. The laboratory tests were performed on representative soil samples taken from the drilled boreholes. From the tests results and analysis of the soil profile, four main zones were identified in Bashair Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

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By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

substation: sandy Clay, silty Sand, sandy Silt and sandy Clay. On the hand, there are two main layers were identified in the towers locations: silty Sand and clayey Sand. The foundation of the substation is recommended to be placed on the silty Sand layer at 3m depth. The towers foundation was to be placed on a layer of clayey Sand at a depth not less than 4m. The allowable bearing capacity of the foundation soil in the substation area was determined at 3m depth is qa = 255 KN/m2 and it is recommended to use raft foundation. In the towers locations the allowable bearing capacity for the soil at 4m depth was determined to be 306 KN/m2 and it is recommended to use raft foundation.

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

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By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

Appendix (A)

Soil Profile and Summary of Laboratory Tests Results

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

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By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

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By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

10.0

9.5

9.0

8.5

8.0

7.5

7.0

6.5

6.0

5.5

5.0

4.5

4.0

3.5

3.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0

(m)

Depth

SK 1

Continue ……..

dark grey, loose silty Sand, non plastic, low density

Light grey, sandy Silt, non-plastic, low density

Light brown, silty Sand, non-plastic, low density

Light brown, sandy Silt, non-plastic, low density

Description

Total Boring Depth (m): 15

Borehole No:

SM

ML

SM

ML

Symbol

Group

9

0

0

0

%

GRAVEL

45

33

64

37

%

SAND

46

67

36

63

%

SILT / CLAY L.L %

N.P.

N.P.

N.P.

N.P.

P.L % P. I %

Atterberge Limits

1.1

1.5

1.0

Cont. %

Water

13.5

13.4

15.3

(KNlm3)

Density

Cohesion (kpa)

3.7

1.3

2.6

Elevation

Coordinate

42

35

37

Friction Angle (o)

Shear Strength

Table (1-5) : The Soil Profile and Summary of Laboratory and Field Tests for Bashair Substation

Electricity Transmission line Towers Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State

‫بسم اه الرحمن الرحيم‬ University of Khartoum Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Dept.- Road & Soil Section

0,0,0,0,1

0,1,0,1,1

5,2,3,4,4

2,2,2,2,3

6,4,4,3,2

4,3,2,3,3

No. of Blows

1

3

13

9

13

11

N - value

E

37° 17' 46.34587" 14.50 SPT

N

19° 23' 20.52351"

Remarks

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

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By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

Description

15.0

14.5

Bottom of borehole @ 15m

14.0 Same as the above ……..

13.5

13.0 Same as the above but with some gravel ……..

12.5

12.0

11.5

11.0 Whitish, silty sandy Clay of low plasticity, medium density.

10.5

(m)

Depth

Borehole No: SK 1 Total Boring Depth (m): 15

Group

CL

Symbol

11

14

0

%

GRAVEL

21

36

19

%

SAND

68

50

81

%

SILT / CLAY

48

45

38

19

18

22

29

27

16

P.L % P. I %

Atterberge Limits L.L %

Water

1.1

2.2

Cont. %

13.5

12.8

(KNlm3)

Density

3.7

0.2

Cohesion (kpa)

42

36

Friction Angle (o)

Shear Strength

Elevation

Coordinate

3,3,2,4,4

5,4,4,5,5

4,4,4,4,4

6,5,4,5,5

No. of Blows

SPT

13

18

16

19

N - value

19° 23' 20.52351" 37° 17' 46.34587" 14.50

N E

Remarks

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

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By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

10.0

9.5

9.0

8.5

8.0

7.5

7.0

6.5

6.0

5.5

5.0

4.5

4.0

3.5

3.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0

(m)

Depth

SK 2 15

Continue ……..

Same as the above ……..

Whitish, loose silty Clay of low plasticity, low density

Same as the above ……..

Same as the above ……..

Dark grey, silty Sand, non-plastic, low density

Light brown, sandy Silt, non-plastic, low density

Description

Total Boring Depth (m):

Borehole No:

CL

SM

ML

Symbol

Group

7

7

0

0

0

%

GRAVEL

33

20

50

55

18

%

SAND

60

73

50

45

82

%

SILT / CLAY

33

35

L.L %

18

18

N.P.

N.P.

N.P.

P.L %

16

17

P. I %

Atterberge Limits

1.7

1.1

0.5

Cont. %

Water

13.2

14.4

16.0

(KNlm )

3

Density

Cohesion (kpa)

5.9

2.7

4.2

Elevation

36

39

32

Friction Angle ( )

o

Coordinate

Shear Strength

Table (1-6) : The Soil Profile and Summary of Laboratory and Field Tests for Bashair Substation

Electricity Transmission line Towers Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State

‫بسم اه الرحمن الرحيم‬ University of Khartoum Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Dept.- Road & Soil Section

0,0,0,0,1

0,0,0,0,1

3,1,0,1,2

3,3,3,3,2

2,2,1,1,1

6,4,4,4,3

No. of Blows

1

1

4

11

5

15

N - value

Remarks

E

37° 17' 48.90739" 13.64 SPT

N

19° 23' 20.78166"

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

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By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

Description

15.0

14.5

15

Bottom of borehole @ 15m

14.0 Same as the above ……..

13.5

13.0

12.5

12.0

11.5

11.0 Same as the above ……..

10.5

(m)

Depth

Borehole No: SK 2 Total Boring Depth (m):

Group

CL

Symbol

6

6

%

GRAVEL

20

18

%

SAND

74

76

%

SILT / CLAY

41

37

21

20

P.L %

20

17

P. I %

Atterberge Limits L.L %

Water

1.3

1.3

Cont. %

12.1

12.9

(KNlm3)

Density

2.0

1.8

Cohesion (kpa)

40

40

Friction Angle (o)

Shear Strength

Elevation

Coordinate

7,4,5,6,6

9,5,5,6,8

4,4,5,5,6

0,1,1,1,1

No. of Blows

SPT

21

24

20

4

N - value

19° 23' 20.78166" 37° 17' 48.90739" 13.64

Remarks

N E

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

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By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

10.0

9.5

9.0

8.5

8.0

7.5

7.0

6.5

6.0

5.5

5.0

4.5

4.0

3.5

3.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0

(m)

Depth

SK 3 15

Continue ……..

dark grey, silty sandy Clay of low plasticity, medium density.

Same as the above ……..

Light grey, sandy Silt, non-plastic, low density

Same as the above but with less silt ……..

Light brown, silty Sand, non-plastic, medium density

Description

Total Boring Depth (m):

Borehole No:

CL

ML

SM

Symbol

Group

6

0

0

0

0

%

GRAVEL

17

42

39

83

52

%

SAND

77

58

61

17

48

%

SILT / CLAY

36

L.L %

21

N.P.

N.P.

N.P.

N.P.

P.L %

15

P. I %

Atterberge Limits

1.6

1.0

0.4

Cont. %

Water

12.5

14.3

17.2

2.6

2.7

1.7

Elevation

39

39

35

Friction Angle ( )

o

Coordinate

Shear Strength

3 (KNlm ) Cohesion (kpa)

Density

Table (1-7) : The Soil Profile and Summary of Laboratory and Field Tests for Bashair Substation

Electricity Transmission line Towers Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State

‫بسم اه الرحمن الرحيم‬ University of Khartoum Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Dept.- Road & Soil Section

0,0,0,0,1

0,0,0,0,1

2,1,1,1,1

4,2,3,3,2

5,3,3,3,4

7,4,4,5,5

1

1

4

10

13

18

No. of Blows N - value

Remarks

E

37° 17' 47.73096" 14.05 SPT

N

19° 23' 19.78044"

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

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By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

15.0

14.5

Bottom of borehole @ 15m

14.0 Same as the above ……..

13.5

13.0 dark grey, stiff sandy Clay of high plasticity, medium density.

12.5

15

Description

12.0 Same as the above ……..

11.5

11.0

10.5

(m)

Depth

Borehole No: SK 3 Total Boring Depth (m):

Group

CH

CL

Symbol

8

0

8

%

GRAVEL

18

44

29

%

SAND

74

56

63

%

SILT / CLAY

50

67

37

22

27

21

P.L %

28

40

16

P. I %

Atterberge Limits L.L %

Water

1.0

1.0

Cont. %

12.5

12.9

2.0

1.3

o

37

41

Friction Angle ( )

Shear Strength

3 (KNlm ) Cohesion (kpa)

Density

Elevation

Coordinate

6,3,4,3,5

10,7,8,8,9

4,5,6,6,7

0,0,0,0,1

15

32

24

1

No. of Blows N - value

SPT

19° 23' 19.78044" 37° 17' 47.73096" 14.05

Remarks

N E

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

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By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

6.0

10.0

9.5

9.0

8.5

8.0

7.5

7.0

6.5

Continue ……..

Same as the above ……..

dark grey, loose silty Sand, non plastic, low density

Same as the above ……..

Light grey, loose sandy Silt, non-plastic, low density

5.5

Same as the above ……..

5.0

Light brown, silty Sand, non-plastic, low density

Light brown, stiff silty Clay of low plasticity, medium density.

Description

4.5

4.0

3.5

3.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0

(m)

Depth

SK 4

Total Boring Depth (m): 15

Borehole No:

CL

ML

SM

CL

Symbol

Group

0

0

0

0

%

GRAVEL

16

30

59

6

%

SAND

84

70

41

94

%

SILT / CLAY

37

42

L.L %

21

N.P.

N.P.

23

16

19

P.L % P. I %

Atterberge Limits

1.0

1.0

0.8

Cont. %

Water

14.0

13.7

16.3

(KNlm )

3

Density

Cohesion (kpa)

1.1

2.1

3.2

Elevation

39

35

35

Friction Angle ( )

o

Coordinate

Shear Strength

Table (1-8) : The Soil Profile and Summary of Laboratory and Field Tests for Bashair Substation

Electricity Transmission line Towers Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State

‫بسم اه الرحمن الرحيم‬ University of Khartoum Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Dept.- Road & Soil Section

0,0,0,0,1

5,3,3,1,2

1,0,1,1,2

4,2,2,2,1

5,2,2,2,2

5,4,4,5,5

No. of Blows

1

9

4

7

8

18

N - value

Remarks

E

37° 17' 46.48425" 14.20 SPT

N

19° 23' 18.74713"

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

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By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

Description

Bottom of borehole @ 15m

15.0 Same as the above but becoming whitish and very stiff……..

14.5

14.0 Same as the above ……..

13.5 density.

13.0 dark grey, stiff gravelly sandy Clay of low plasticity, medium

12.5

12.0 Same as the above becoming alittle pit hard ……..

11.5

11.0 dark grey, very soft silty Sand, non-plastic, low density

10.5

(m)

Depth

Borehole No: SK 4 Total Boring Depth (m): 15

Group

CL

SM

Symbol

12

20

24

0

%

GRAVEL

21

27

25

51

%

SAND

67

53

51

49

%

SILT / CLAY

41

35

31

20

18

19

N.P.

21

17

12

P.L % P. I %

Atterberge Limits L.L %

Water

0.4

0.4

Cont. %

12.8

14.1

(KNlm )

3

Density

0.1

0.4

Cohesion (kpa)

o

39

41

Friction Angle ( )

Shear Strength

Elevation

Coordinate

11,7,9,7,10

9,6,6,6,6

2,2,2,2,4

0,0,0,0,1

No. of Blows

SPT

33

24

10

1

N - value

19° 23' 18.74713" 37° 17' 46.48425" 14.20

Remarks

N E

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By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

10.0

9.5

9.0

8.5

8.0

7.5

7.0

6.5

6.0

5.5

5.0

4.5

4.0

3.5

3.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0

(m)

Depth

Continue ……..

dark grey, very soft clayey Sand, low plasticity, low density

Same as the above ……..

Dark grey, soft sandy Clay of low plasticity, medium dense.

Same as the above but becoming very soft ……..

Light brown, silty Sand, non-plastic, low dense

Description

Total Boring Depth (m): 15

Borehole No: SK 5

SC

CL

SM

Symbol

Group

8

0

4

0

0

%

GRAVEL

51

29

28

58

50

%

SAND

41

71

68

42

50

%

SILT / CLAY

29

31

28

L.L %

16

18

18

N.P.

N.P.

P.L %

13

13

10

P. I %

Atterberge Limits

1.1

2.1

1.6

Cont. %

Water

15.1

14.0

17.4

2.8

4.2

3.1

Elevation

Coordinate

43

40

34

Friction Angle (o)

Shear Strength

(KNlm3) Cohesion (kpa)

Density

Table (1-9) : The Soil Profile and Summary of Laboratory and Field Tests for Bashair Substation

Electricity Transmission line Towers Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State

‫بسم اه الرحمن الرحيم‬ University of Khartoum Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Dept.- Road & Soil Section

0,0,0,0,1

0,0,0,0,1

3,3,2,1,1

1,2,1,2,2

3,2,1,1,1

5,4,3,3,4

1

1

7

7

5

14

No. of Blows N - value

Remarks

E

37° 17' 49.04611" 13.60 SPT

N

19° 23' 19.00527"

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

22

By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

Description

Bottom of borehole @ 15m

15.0 Same as the above ........

14.5

14.0 Whitish, stiff clayey gravelly Sand, low plasticity, density

13.5

13.0 Same as the above but with some sand and gravel.....

12.5

12.0

11.5

11.0 dark grey, very soft silty Clay of low plasticity, low density

10.5

(m)

Depth

Borehole No: SK 5 Total Boring Depth (m): 15

Group

SC

CL

Symbol

31

10

2

%

GRAVEL

32

25

10

%

SAND

37

65

88

%

SILT / CLAY

40

37

42

20

18

21

P.L %

20

19

21

P. I %

Atterberge Limits L.L %

Water

1.2

1.4

Cont. %

13.0

14.7

2.9

4.9

o

37

35

Friction Angle ( )

Shear Strength

3 (KNlm ) Cohesion (kpa)

Density

Elevation

Coordinate

14,10,8,8,7

14,7,7,5,8

13,7,7,7,7

0,0,0,0,1

33

27

28

1

No. of Blows N - value

SPT

19° 23' 19.00527" 37° 17' 49.04611" 13.60

Remarks

N E

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

23

By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

8.0

7.5

7.0

6.5

6.0

5.5

5.0

4.5

4.0

3.5

Bottom of the borehole @ 8m

Same as the above but with more clay of low plasticity.

Same as the above …..……...

Same as the above but becoming almost sand and nonplastic.

very dense.

2.5

3.0

Brown, very stiff clayey Sand with some gravel, low plasticity,

Brown, very stiff sandy Clay of high plasticity, dense.

Description

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0

(m)

Depth

Borehole No: SJ 1 Total Boring Depth (m): 8

CL

SC

CL

Symbol

0

0

0

0

0

%

24

30

38

63

19

%

76

70

62

37

81

%

Group GRAVEL SAND SILT / CLAY

Water

Density

30

27

29

36

18

18

19

NP

22

12

9

10

13

0.7

1.9

0.7

0.4

13.4

13.9

14.5

15.7

4.0

3.9

4.8

5.4

Elevation

Coordinate

40

34

33

33

Friction Angle (o)

Shear Strength

L.L % P.L % P. I % Cont. % (KNlm3) Cohesion (kpa)

Atterberge Limits

Table (1-1) : The Soil Profile and Summary of Laboratory and Field Tests for Bashair Substation

Electricity Transmission line Towers Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State

‫بسم اه الرحمن الرحيم‬ University of Khartoum Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Dept.- Road & Soil Section

0,0,0,0,1

2,1,2,2,4

3,2,1,1,2

5,3,3,1,1

5,3,3,3,4

No. of Blows

SPT

1

9

6

8

13

N

19° 23' 20.65628" 37° 17' 46.66265" 13.85

Remarks

N E

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

24

By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

Description

8.0

7.5

7.0

6.5

6.0

5.5

5.0

4.5

4.0

3.5

Bottom of the borehole @ 8m

Same as the above but with more clay of low plasticity.

Same as the above …..……...

Same as the above but becoming almost sand and nonplastic.

very dense.

2.5

3.0

Brown, very stiff clayey Sand with some gravel, low plasticity,

Brown, very stiff sandy Clay of high plasticity, dense.

8

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0

(m)

Depth

Total Boring Depth (m):

Borehole No: SJ 2

SM

CL

Symbol

0

0

0

0

%

66

55

85

43

%

34

45

15

57

%

Group GRAVEL SAND SILT / CLAY

Water

Density

32

NP

NP

NP

20

12

1.5

1.3

0.3

0.2

14.4

14.6

14.5

16.8

0.3

0.9

2.2

2.3

Elevation

Coordinate

36

37

41

39

Friction Angle (o)

Shear Strength

L.L % P.L % P. I % Cont. % (KNlm3) Cohesion (kpa)

Atterberge Limits

Table (1-2) : The Soil Profile and Summary of Laboratory and Field Tests for Bashair Substation

Electricity Transmission line Towers Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State

‫بسم اه الرحمن الرحيم‬ University of Khartoum Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Dept.- Road & Soil Section

1,0,1,1,2

1,1,2,3,3

3,1,1,2,3

4,3,3,3,3

4,2,3,3,2

No. of Blows

4

9

7

12

10

N

Remarks

E

37° 17' 46.41420" 13.80 SPT

N

19° 23' 19.64800"

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

25

By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

8.0

7.5

7.0

6.5

6.0

5.5

5.0

4.5

4.0

3.5

Bottom of the borehole @ 8m

Same as the above but with more clay of low plasticity.

Same as the above …..……...

Same as the above but becoming almost sand and nonplastic.

very dense.

2.5

3.0

Brown, very stiff clayey Sand with some gravel, low plasticity,

Brown, very stiff sandy Clay of high plasticity, dense.

Description

8

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0

(m)

Depth

SJ 3

Total Boring Depth (m):

Borehole No:

SM

ML

Symbol

0

0

0

0

%

39

45

63

45

%

61

55

37

55

%

Group GRAVEL SAND SILT / CLAY

Water

Density

27

18

NP

NP

NP

9

1.6

1.2

0.7

1.2

13.7

14.1

14.5

15.2

7.0

2.9

0.5

8.2

Elevation

Coordinate

43

38

36

27

Friction Angle (o)

Shear Strength

L.L % P.L % P. I % Cont. % (KNlm3) Cohesion (kpa)

Atterberge Limits

Table (1-3) : The Soil Profile and Summary of Laboratory and Field Tests for Bashair Substation

Electricity Transmission line Towers Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State

‫بسم اه الرحمن الرحيم‬ University of Khartoum Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Dept.- Road & Soil Section

0,0,0,01

1,0,1,1,2

1,0,1,0,1

3,1,2,1,2

7,3,3,3,2

No. of Blows

1

4

2

6

11

N

Remarks

E

37° 17' 48.97571" 13.51 SPT

N

19° 23' 19.90583"

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

26

By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

8.0

7.5

7.0

6.5

6.0

5.5

5.0

4.5

4.0

3.5

Bottom of the borehole @ 8m

Same as the above but with more clay of low plasticity.

Same as the above …..……...

Same as the above but becoming almost sand and nonplastic.

very dense.

2.5

3.0

Brown, very stiff clayey Sand with some gravel, low plasticity,

Brown, very stiff sandy Clay of high plasticity, dense.

Description

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0

(m)

Depth

Borehole No: SJ 4

Total Boring Depth (m): 8

CL

SM

Symbol

0

0

0

0

%

28

58

62

73

%

72

42

38

27

%

Group GRAVEL SAND SILT / CLAY

Water

Density

31

18

NP

NP

NP

13

1.5

1.0

0.8

1.0

13.7

14.4

15.3

14.7

5.1

1.2

0.8

5.9

Elevation

38

36

33

31

Friction Angle ( )

o

Coordinate

Shear Strength

L.L % P.L % P. I % Cont. % (KNlm3) Cohesion (kpa)

Atterberge Limits

Table (1-4) : The Soil Profile and Summary of Laboratory and Field Tests for Bashair Substation

Electricity Transmission line Towers Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State

‫بسم اه الرحمن الرحيم‬ University of Khartoum Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Dept.- Road & Soil Section

2,2,1,1,1

3,1,1,1,1

4,3,3,3,3

5,2,2,1,1

5,2,3,4,4

No. of Blows

5

4

12

6

13

N

Remarks

E

37° 17' 47.81097" 13.85 SPT

N

19° 23' 18.88064"

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

27

By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

5.0

4.5

4.0

3.5

3.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0

(m)

Depth

XK 1

Description

Bottom of the borehole @ 5m

Same as the above but becoming very hard.............

Same as the above.............

Brown, very stiff clayey Sand, low plasticity, dense.

Light brown, hard silty Sand, non-plastic, low dense

Total Boring Depth (m): 5

Borehole No:

SC

SM

Symbol

0

0

0

0

%

73

77

73

82

%

27

23

27

18

%

Group GRAVEL SAND SILT / CLAY

Water

Density

27

24

34

19

18

17

NP

8

7

16

1.4

2.1

18.8

15.5

10.4

4.4

Elevation

Coordinate

44

28

Friction Angle (o)

Shear Strength

L.L % P.L % P. I % Cont. % (KNlm3) Cohesion (kpa)

Atterberge Limits

Table (2-1) : The Soil Profile and Summary of Laboratory and Field Tests for The Towers Line

Electricity Transmission line Towers Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State

‫بسم اه الرحمن الرحيم‬ University of Khartoum Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Dept.- Road & Soil Section

8,10,12,12,14

5,4,4,5,6

34,17,15,12,7

No. of Blows

48

19

51

N

Remarks

E

37° 12' 51.78525" 22.74 SPT

N

19° 32' 14.15948"

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

28

By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

5.0

4.5

4.0

3.5

3.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0

(m)

Depth Description

Bottom of the borehole @ 5m

Same as the above.............

Same as the above but with more clay.............

Light brown, stiff clayey Sand, low plasticity, medium dense.

Total Boring Depth (m): 5

Borehole No: XK 2

SC

Symbol

12

9

26

%

45

47

53

%

43

44

21

%

Group GRAVEL SAND SILT / CLAY

Water

Density

38

49

32

18

20

16

20

30

16

1.1

1.7

15.1

14.8

0.5

0.2

Elevation

Coordinate

40

43

Friction Angle (o)

Shear Strength

L.L % P.L % P. I % Cont. % (KNlm3) Cohesion (kpa)

Atterberge Limits

Table (2-2) : The Soil Profile and Summary of Laboratory and Field Tests for The Towers Line

Electricity Transmission line Towers Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State

‫بسم اه الرحمن الرحيم‬ University of Khartoum Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Dept.- Road & Soil Section

5,15,18,18

8,7,7,7,9

12,7,7,5,5

No. of Blows

51

30

24

N

Remarks

E

37° 13' 02.11779" 24.40 SPT

N

19° 32' 10.68222"

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

29

By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

5.0

4.5

4.0

3.5

3.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0

(m)

Depth

5

Description

Bottom of the borehole @ 5m

Same as the above .............

Same as the above .............

Same as the above .............

Same as the above but becoming more plastic.............

Brown, stiff clayey Sand, low plasticity, medium dense.

Total Boring Depth (m):

Borehole No: XK 3

SC

Symbol

6

10

7

9

31

%

55

60

57

61

52

%

39

30

36

30

17

%

Group GRAVEL SAND SILT / CLAY

Water

Density

45

46

57

42

23

21

22

22

19

16

24

24

35

24

7

1.4

1.3

14.5

16.4

8.2

6.3

Elevation

Coordinate

33

44

Friction Angle (o)

Shear Strength

L.L % P.L % P. I % Cont. % (KNlm3) Cohesion (kpa)

Atterberge Limits

Table (2-3) : The Soil Profile and Summary of Laboratory and Field Tests for The Towers Line

Electricity Transmission line Towers Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State

‫بسم اه الرحمن الرحيم‬ University of Khartoum Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Dept.- Road & Soil Section

11,9,11,10,21

12,11,12,11,13

4,7,11,9,9

No. of Blows

51

47

36

N

Remarks

E

37° 13' 39.30990" 22.60 SPT

N

19° 30' 51.90027"

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

30

By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

5.0

4.5

4.0

3.5

3.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0

(m)

Depth

XK 4 5

Description

Bottom of the borehole @ 5m

Light grey, very hard silty Sand, non-plastic, very dense

Brown, very stiff clayey Sand with some gravel, low plasticity,

Light brown, hard silty Sand, non-plastic, low dense

Total Boring Depth (m):

Borehole No:

SM

SC

SM

Symbol

14

2

5

13

16

%

68

85

44

56

73

%

18

13

51

31

11

%

Group GRAVEL SAND SILT / CLAY

Water

Density

31

27

NP

NP

20

15

NP

11

12

0.6

1.0

17.6

15.5

2.0

4.9

Elevation

Coordinate

40

35

Friction Angle (o)

Shear Strength

L.L % P.L % P. I % Cont. % (KNlm3) Cohesion (kpa)

Atterberge Limits

Table (2-4) : The Soil Profile and Summary of Laboratory and Field Tests for The Towers Line

Electricity Transmission line Towers Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State

‫بسم اه الرحمن الرحيم‬ University of Khartoum Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Dept.- Road & Soil Section

21,16,21,14

12,9,10,8,9

11,8,10,10,11

No. of Blows

51

36

39

N

Remarks

E

37° 14' 33.09147" 27.50 SPT

N

19° 28' 29.88570"

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

31

By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

5.0

4.5

4.0

3.5

3.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0

(m)

Depth

XK 5

Description

Bottom of the borehole @ 5m

Light grey, hard silty Sand, non-plastic, very dense

Same as the above .............

Same as the above .............

Brown, stiff sandy Clay of low plasticity, low dense.

Total Boring Depth (m): 5

Borehole No:

SM

CL

Symbol

20

0

0

0

%

42

45

23

25

%

38

55

77

75

%

Group GRAVEL SAND SILT / CLAY

Water

Density

26

37

35

NP

19

23

19

7

14

17

1.2

2.3

15.0

13.3

3.8

3.3

Elevation

44

41

Friction Angle ( )

o

Coordinate

Shear Strength

L.L % P.L % P. I % Cont. % (KNlm3) Cohesion (kpa)

Atterberge Limits

Table (2-5) : The Soil Profile and Summary of Laboratory and Field Tests for The Towers Line

Electricity Transmission line Towers Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State

‫بسم اه الرحمن الرحيم‬ University of Khartoum Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Dept.- Road & Soil Section

26,51

4,3,4,3,4

5,4,5,4,6

No. of Blows

51

14

19

N

Remarks

E

37° 15' 29.82366" 16.00 SPT

N

19° 28' 48.65460"

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

32

By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

5.0

4.5

4.0

3.5

3.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0

(m)

Depth

XK 6 5

Description

Bottom of the borehole @ 5m

Same as the above but becoming very hard.

Dark grey, stiff silty Sand, non-plastic, dense.

Grey, hard sandy silty Gravel, non-plastic, very dense

Total Boring Depth (m):

Borehole No:

SM

GM

Symbol

13

0

57

%

43

73

31

%

44

27

12

%

Group GRAVEL SAND SILT / CLAY

Water

Density

NP

NP

NP

0.6

0.6

14.8

16.2

1.0

0.2

Elevation

Coordinate

37

43

Friction Angle (o)

Shear Strength

L.L % P.L % P. I % Cont. % (KNlm3) Cohesion (kpa)

Atterberge Limits

Table (2-6) : The Soil Profile and Summary of Laboratory and Field Tests for The Towers Line

Electricity Transmission line Towers Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State

‫بسم اه الرحمن الرحيم‬ University of Khartoum Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Dept.- Road & Soil Section

10,13,14,19,5

10,8,11,9,11

13,10,11,13,17

No. of Blows

51

39

51

N

Remarks

E

37° 16' 12.70747" 13.46 SPT

N

19° 27' 30.89950"

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

33

By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

5.0

4.5

4.0

3.5

3.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0

(m)

Depth

XK 7

Description

Bottom of the borehole @ 5m

Same as the above .............

Same as the above .............

Light brown, hard silty Sand, non-plastic, medium dense

Total Boring Depth (m): 5

Borehole No:

SM

Symbol

0

0

0

%

72

74

83

%

28

26

17

%

Group GRAVEL SAND SILT / CLAY

Water

Density

NP

NP

NP

1.0

1.3

15.0

16.0

1.2

1.7

Elevation

Coordinate

40

39

Friction Angle (o)

Shear Strength

L.L % P.L % P. I % Cont. % (KNlm3) Cohesion (kpa)

Atterberge Limits

Table (2-7) : The Soil Profile and Summary of Laboratory and Field Tests for The Towers Line

Electricity Transmission line Towers Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State

‫بسم اه الرحمن الرحيم‬ University of Khartoum Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Dept.- Road & Soil Section

6,5,5,5,5

13,10,9,9,9

12,10,6,8,9

No. of Blows

20

37

33

N

Remarks

E

37° 16' 22.73960" 18.97 SPT

N

19° 26' 34.69780"

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

34

By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

5.0

4.5

4.0

3.5

3.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0

(m)

Depth Description

Bottom of the borehole @ 5m

Same as the above .............

Same as the above .............

Same as the above .............

Brown, silty Sand, non-plastic, low dense

Total Boring Depth (m): 5

Borehole No: XK 8

SM

Symbol

0

0

0

0

%

52

65

67

74

%

48

35

33

26

%

Group GRAVEL SAND SILT / CLAY

Water

Density

25

18

NP

NP

NP

7

1.2

0.5

15.0

16.1

2.4

3.7

Elevation

Coordinate

38

34

Friction Angle (o)

Shear Strength

L.L % P.L % P. I % Cont. % (KNlm3) Cohesion (kpa)

Atterberge Limits

Table (2-8) : The Soil Profile and Summary of Laboratory and Field Tests for The Towers Line

Electricity Transmission line Towers Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State

‫بسم اه الرحمن الرحيم‬ University of Khartoum Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Dept.- Road & Soil Section

16,10,8,5,5

6,4,5,6,7

5,3,3,2,2

No. of Blows

28

22

10

N

Remarks

E

37° 16' 29.13574" 24.12 SPT

N

19° 23' 35.22897"

Appendix (B)

Grain Size Distribution

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

35

By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 37%, Silt / Clay = 63%} BH (SK1) 100 90

%PASSING

80

Depth = 0.0 - 2.0 m

70

60 50

40 30 20 10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM

1.000

10.000

SAND COARSE

FINE

GRAVEL

MEDIUM COARSE

FINE

MEDIUM

Cob COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 64%, Silt / Clay = 36%} BH (SK1) 100 90

80

%PASSING

70

Depth = 2.0 - 4.0 m

60 50

40 30

20 10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM

1.000

10.000

SAND COARSE

FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

GRAVEL FINE

MEDIUM

Cob COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

36

By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 33%, Silt / Clay = 67%} BH (SK1) 100

90 80 Depth = 4.0 - 7.0 m

%PASSING

70 60 50

40 30

20 10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM

1.000

10.000

SAND COARSE

FINE

MEDIUM

GRAVEL COARSE

FINE

MEDIUM

Cob COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 9%, Sand = 45%, Silt / Clay = 45%} BH (SK1) 100

90 80 Depth = 7.0 - 10.0 m

%PASSING

70 60 50

40 30 20 10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT

CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

1.000

10.000

SAND FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

GRAVEL

FINE

Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

37

By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 19%, Silt / Clay = 81%} BH (SK1) 100

90 80 Depth = 10.0 - 12.0 m

%PASSING

70 60 50

40 30 20 10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT

CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

1.000

10.000

SAND FINE

GRAVEL

MEDIUM COARSE

FINE

Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curves {Gravel = 11%, Sand = 21%, Silt / Clay = 50 %} BH (SK1) 100

90 80 Depth = 12.0 - 13.0 m

%PASSING

70 60 50

40 30

20 10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

1.000

10.000

SAND FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

FINE

GRAVEL Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

38

By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curves {Gravel = 14%, Sand = 36%, Silt / Clay = 69%} BH (SK1) 100

90 80

%PASSING

70

Depth = 13.0 - 15.0 m

60 50

40 30

20 10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT CLAY

FINE

1.000

10.000

SAND

MEDIUM COARSE

FINE

GRAVEL

MEDIUM COARSE

FINE

Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 18%, Silt / Clay = 82%} BH (SK2) 100 90

%PASSING

80

Depth = 0.0 - 1.0 m

70

60 50

40 30 20 10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM

1.000

10.000

SAND COARSE

FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

GRAVEL FINE

MEDIUM

Cob COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

39

By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 55%, Silt / Clay = 45%} BH (SK2) 100

90 80

%PASSING

70

Depth = 1.0 - 4.0 m

60 50 40 30 20

10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

1.000

10.000

SAND FINE

GRAVEL

MEDIUM COARSE

FINE

Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 50%, Silt / Clay = 50%} BH (SK2) 100

90 80 Depth = 4.0 - 6.0 m

%PASSING

70 60 50

40 30

20 10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

1.000

10.000

SAND FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

GRAVEL

FINE

Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

40

By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 45%, Silt / Clay = 55%} BH (SK2) 100

90 80 Depth = 6.0 - 8.0 m

%PASSING

70 60 50

40 30 20 10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT

CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

1.000

10.000

SAND FINE

GRAVEL

MEDIUM COARSE

FINE

Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curves {Gravel = 6 - 7%, Sand = 18 - 33%, Silt / Clay = 60 - 76%} BH (SK2 100

90 80 Depth = 6.0 - 8.0 m

%PASSING

70

Depth = 8.0 - 10.0 m

60

Depth = 10.0 - 13.0 m

50

Depth = 13.0 - 15.0 m

40 30 20 10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT

CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

1.000

10.000

SAND FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

GRAVEL

FINE

Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

41

By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 52%, Silt / Clay = 48%} BH (SK3) 100 90

%PASSING

80

Depth = 0.0 - 3.0 m

70

60 50

40 30 20 10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM

1.000

10.000

SAND COARSE

FINE

GRAVEL

MEDIUM COARSE

FINE

MEDIUM

Cob COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 83%, Silt / Clay = 17%} BH (SK3) 100

90 80

%PASSING

70

Depth = 3.0 - 4.0 m

60 50 40 30 20

10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

1.000

10.000

SAND FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

GRAVEL

FINE

Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

42

By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curves {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 39 - 42%, Silt / Clay = 58 - 61%} BH (S 100

90 80 Depth = 4.0 - 6.0 m

%PASSING

70

Depth = 6.0 - 7.0 m

60 50

40 30

20 10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM

1.000

10.000

SAND COARSE

FINE

GRAVEL

MEDIUM COARSE

FINE

MEDIUM

Cob COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 6%, Sand = 17%, Silt / Clay = 76%} BH (SK3) 100

90 80 Depth = 7.0 - 11.0 m

%PASSING

70 60 50

40 30 20 10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT

CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

1.000

10.000

SAND FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

GRAVEL

FINE

Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

43

By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 6%, Sand = 17%, Silt / Clay = 76%} BH (SK3) 100

90 80 Depth = 7.0 - 11.0 m

%PASSING

70 60 50

40 30 20 10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT

CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

1.000

10.000

SAND FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

FINE

GRAVEL Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curves {Gravel = 0 - 8%, Sand = 18 - 44%, Silt / Clay = 56 - 74%} BH (SK3) 100

90 80

Depth = 11.0 - 12.0 m

%PASSING

70

Depth = 12.0 - 13.0 m

60

Depth = 13.0 - 15.0 m

50

40 30

20 10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

1.000

10.000

SAND FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

GRAVEL FINE

Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

44

By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 6%, Silt / Clay = 94%} BH (SK4) 100 90

%PASSING

80

Depth = 0.0 - 2.0 m

70

60 50

40 30 20 10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM

1.000

10.000

SAND COARSE

FINE

GRAVEL

MEDIUM COARSE

FINE

MEDIUM

Cob COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 59%, Silt / Clay = 41%} BH (SK4) 100

90 80

%PASSING

70

Depth = 2.0 - 4.0 m

60 50 40 30 20

10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

1.000

10.000

SAND FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

GRAVEL

FINE

Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

45

By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curves {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 16 - 30%, Silt / Clay = 70 - 84%} BH (SK4) 100

90 80 Depth = 4.0 - 7.0 m

%PASSING

70

Depth = 7.0 - 10.0 m

60 50

40 30

20 10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM

1.000

10.000

SAND COARSE

FINE

GRAVEL

MEDIUM COARSE

FINE

MEDIUM

Cob COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 51%, Silt / Clay = 49%} BH (SK4) 100

90 80 Depth = 10.0 - 12.0 m

%PASSING

70 60 50

40 30 20 10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT

CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

1.000

10.000

SAND FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

GRAVEL

FINE

Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

46

By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curves {Gravel = 12 - 24%, Sand = 21 - 27%, Silt / Clay = 51 - 67%} BH (SK4) 100

90

%PASSING

80 70

Depth = 12.0 - 13.0 m

60

Depth = 13.0 - 14.0 m

50

Depth = 14.0 - 15.0 m

40 30

20 10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT CLAY

FINE

1.000

10.000

SAND

MEDIUM COARSE

FINE

GRAVEL

MEDIUM COARSE

FINE

Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 50%, Silt / Clay = 50%} BH (SK5) 100 90

%PASSING

80

Depth = 0.0 - 2.0 m

70

60 50

40 30 20 10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM

1.000

10.000

SAND COARSE

FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

GRAVEL FINE

MEDIUM

Cob COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

47

By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 58%, Silt / Clay = 42%} BH (SK5) 100

90 80

%PASSING

70

Depth = 2.0 - 4.0 m

60 50 40 30 20

10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT CLAY

FINE

1.000

10.000

SAND

MEDIUM COARSE

FINE

GRAVEL

MEDIUM COARSE

FINE

Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curves {Gravel = 0 - 4%, Sand = 28 - 29%, Silt / Clay = 68 - 71%} BH (S 100

90 80 Depth = 4.0 - 6.0 m

%PASSING

70

Depth = 6.0 - 8.0 m

60 50

40 30

20 10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM

1.000

10.000

SAND COARSE

FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

GRAVEL FINE

MEDIUM

Cob COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

48

By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 8%, Sand = 51%, Silt / Clay = 41%} BH (SK5) 100

90 80 Depth = 8.0 - 10.0 m

%PASSING

70 60 50

40 30

20 10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM

1.000

10.000

SAND COARSE

FINE

GRAVEL

MEDIUM COARSE

FINE

MEDIUM

Cob COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curves {Gravel = 2 - 10%, Sand = 10 - 25%, Silt / Clay = 65 - 88%} BH (SK5) 100

90 80

%PASSING

70

Depth = 10.0 - 12.0 m

60 Depth = 12.0 - 13.0 m

50

40 30

20 10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

1.000

10.000

SAND FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

GRAVEL FINE

Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

49

By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 31%, Sand = 32%, Silt / Clay = 37%} BH (SK5) 100

90 80

%PASSING

70 60 Depth = 13.0 - 15.0 m

50

40 30

20 10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT CLAY

FINE

1.000

10.000

SAND

MEDIUM COARSE

FINE

GRAVEL

MEDIUM COARSE

FINE

Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 19%, Silt / Clay = 81%} BH (SJ1) 100

90

%PASSING

80

Depth = 0 - 1.0 m

70

60 50 40 30 20

10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM

1.000

10.000

SAND COARSE

FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

GRAVEL FINE

MEDIUM

Cob COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

50

By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 63%, Silt / Clay = 37%} BH (SJ1) 100

90 80 Depth = 1.0 - 3.0 m

%PASSING

70

60 50 40 30 20

10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

1.000

10.000

SAND FINE

GRAVEL

MEDIUM COARSE

FINE

Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curves {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 24 - 38%, Silt / Clay = 62 - 76%} BH (SJ1) 100

90 80 Depth = 3.0 - 5.0 m

%PASSING

70 Depth = 5.0 - 7.0 m

60 Depth = 7.0 - 8.0 m

50

40 30 20 10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT

CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

1.000

10.000

SAND FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

GRAVEL

FINE

Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

51

By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 43%, Silt / Clay = 57%} BH (SJ2) 100

90 Depth = 0 - 1.0 m

%PASSING

80 70

60 50 40 30 20

10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM

1.000

10.000

SAND COARSE

FINE

GRAVEL

MEDIUM COARSE

FINE

Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 85%, Silt / Clay = 15%} BH (SJ2) 100

90 80

%PASSING

70

Depth = 1.0 - 4.0 m

60 50 40 30 20

10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

1.000

10.000

SAND FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

GRAVEL

FINE

Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

52

By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 85%, Silt / Clay = 15%} BH (SJ2) 100

90 80

%PASSING

70

Depth = 1.0 - 4.0 m

60 50 40 30 20

10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

1.000

10.000

SAND FINE

GRAVEL

MEDIUM COARSE

FINE

Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 45%, Silt / Clay = 55%} BH (SJ2) 100

90 80 Depth = 4.0 - 6.0 m

%PASSING

70 60 50

40 30 20 10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT

CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

1.000

10.000

SAND FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

GRAVEL

FINE

Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

53

By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 66%, Silt / Clay = 34%} BH (SJ2) 100

90 80 Depth = 6.0 - 8.0 m

%PASSING

70 60 50

40 30

20 10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT CLAY

FINE

1.000

10.000

SAND

MEDIUM COARSE

FINE

GRAVEL

MEDIUM COARSE

FINE

Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 45%, Silt / Clay = 55%} BH (SJ3) 100

90

%PASSING

80

Depth = 0 - 1.0 m

70

60 50 40 30 20

10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM

1.000

10.000

SAND COARSE

FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

GRAVEL FINE

MEDIUM

Cob COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

54

By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 63%, Silt / Clay = 37%} BH (SJ3) 100

90 80

%PASSING

70

Depth = 1.0 - 4.0 m

60 50 40 30 20

10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

1.000

10.000

SAND FINE

GRAVEL

MEDIUM COARSE

FINE

Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curves {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 39 - 45%, Silt / Clay = 55 - 61%} BH (SJ3) 100

90 80 Depth = 4.0 - 7.0 m

%PASSING

70

Depth = 7.0 - 8.0 m

60 50

40 30 20 10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT

CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

1.000

10.000

SAND FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

GRAVEL

FINE

Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

55

By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curves {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 58 - 73%, Silt / Clay = 27 - 42%} BH (SJ4) 100

90 Depth = 0 - 1.0 m

%PASSING

80

Depth = 1.0 - 4.0 m

70

Depth = 4.0 - 6.0 m

60 50 40 30 20

10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM

1.000

10.000

SAND COARSE

FINE

GRAVEL

MEDIUM COARSE

FINE

MEDIUM

Cob COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 28%, Silt / Clay = 72%} BH (SJ4) 100

90 80 Depth = 6.0 - 8.0 m

%PASSING

70 60 50

40 30

20 10 0 0.001 CLAY

0.010 SILT FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

0.100

1.000

10.000 GRAVEL

SAND FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

FINE

Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

56

By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 82%, Silt / Clay = 18%} BH (XK1) 100

90

%PASSING

80

Depth = 0 - 1.0 m

70

60 50 40 30 20

10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM

1.000

10.000

SAND COARSE

FINE

GRAVEL

MEDIUM COARSE

FINE

MEDIUM

Cob COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 73%, Silt / Clay = 27%} BH (XK1) 100

90 80

Depth = 1.0 - 3.0 m

%PASSING

70

60 50 40 30 20

10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

1.000

10.000

SAND FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

GRAVEL

FINE

Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

57

By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curves {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 73 - 77%, Silt / Clay = 23 - 27%} BH (XK1) 100

90 80 Depth = 3.0 - 4.0 m

%PASSING

70

Depth = 4.0 - 5.0 m

60 50

40 30 20 10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT

CLAY

FINE

1.000

10.000

SAND

MEDIUM COARSE

FINE

GRAVEL

MEDIUM COARSE

FINE

Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 26%, Sand = 53%, Silt / Clay = 20%} BH (XK2) 100

90

%PASSING

80 70

Depth = 0 - 2.0 m

60 50 40 30 20

10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM

1.000

10.000

SAND COARSE

FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

GRAVEL FINE

MEDIUM

Cob COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

58

By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 9%, Sand = 47%, Silt / Clay = 44%} BH (XK2) 100

90 80

Depth = 2.0 - 5.0 m

%PASSING

70

60 50 40 30 20

10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT CLAY

FINE

1.000

10.000

SAND

MEDIUM COARSE

FINE

GRAVEL

MEDIUM COARSE

FINE

Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 31%, Sand = 52%, Silt / Clay = 17%} BH (XK3) 100

90

%PASSING

80 70 Depth = 0 - 1.0 m

60 50 40 30 20

10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM

1.000

10.000

SAND COARSE

FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

GRAVEL FINE

MEDIUM

Cob COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

59

By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 9%, Sand = 61%, Silt / Clay = 29%} BH (XK3) 100

90 80 70

Depth = 1.0 - 2.0 m

%PASSING

60 50 40 30 20

10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT CLAY

FINE

1.000

10.000

SAND

MEDIUM COARSE

FINE

GRAVEL

MEDIUM COARSE

FINE

Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curves {Gravel = 6 - 10%, Sand = 55 - 60%, Silt / Clay = 30 - 39%} B 100

90 80

Depth = 2.0 - 3.0 m

70

%PASSING

Depth = 3.0 - 4.0 m Depth = 4.0 - 5.0 m

60 50

40 30

20 10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM

1.000

10.000

SAND COARSE

FINE

MEDIUM

GRAVEL COARSE

FINE

MEDIUM

Cob COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

60

By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 16%, Sand = 73%, Silt / Clay = 12%} BH (XK4) 100

90

%PASSING

80 70 Depth = 0 - 1.0 m

60 50 40 30 20

10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM

1.000

10.000

SAND COARSE

FINE

GRAVEL

MEDIUM COARSE

FINE

MEDIUM

Cob COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 13%, Sand = 56%, Silt / Clay = 31%} BH (XK4) 100

90 80

%PASSING

70

Depth = 1.0 - 2.0 m

60 50 40 30 20

10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

1.000

10.000

SAND FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

GRAVEL

FINE

Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

61

By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 5%, Sand = 44%, Silt / Clay = 50%} BH (XK4) 100

90 80 Depth = 2.0 - 3.0 m

%PASSING

70 60 50

40 30 20 10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT

CLAY

FINE

1.000

10.000

SAND

MEDIUM COARSE

FINE

GRAVEL

MEDIUM COARSE

FINE

Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curves {Gravel = 2 - 14%, Sand = 68 - 85%, Silt / Clay = 13 - 17%} BH (XK 100

90 80

Depth = 3.0 - 4.0 m

70

%PASSING

Depth = 4.0 - 5.0 m

60 50

40 30

20 10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM

1.000

10.000

SAND COARSE

FINE

MEDIUM

GRAVEL COARSE

FINE

MEDIUM

Cob COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

62

By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curves {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 23 - 25%, Silt / Clay = 75 - 77%} BH (XK5) 100

90

%PASSING

80 70

Depth = 0 - 1.0 m

60

Depth = 1.0 - 2.0 m

50 40 30 20

10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM

1.000

10.000

SAND COARSE

FINE

GRAVEL

MEDIUM COARSE

FINE

MEDIUM

Cob COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 45%, Silt / Clay = 55%} BH (XK5) 100

90 80 Depth = 2.0 - 4.0 m

%PASSING

70 60 50

40 30 20 10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT

CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

1.000

10.000

SAND FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

GRAVEL

FINE

Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

63

By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 20%, Sand = 42%, Silt / Clay = 38%} BH (XK5) 100

90 80 Depth = 4.0 - 5.0 m

%PASSING

70 60 50

40 30

20 10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT CLAY

FINE

1.000

10.000

SAND

MEDIUM COARSE

FINE

GRAVEL

MEDIUM COARSE

FINE

Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 57%, Sand = 31%, Silt / Clay = 12%} BH (XK6) 100

90

%PASSING

80 70

60 50 40 Depth = 0 - 1.0 m

30 20

10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM

1.000

10.000

SAND COARSE

FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

GRAVEL FINE

MEDIUM

Cob COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

64

By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 73%, Silt / Clay = 27%} BH (XK6) 100 90 Depth = 1.0 - 3.0 m

%PASSING

80 70

60 50

40 30 20 10 0 0.001

0.010 SILT

CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

0.100 FINE

SAND MEDIUM

1.000 COARSE

10.000 GRAVEL FINE

MEDIUM

Cob COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curve {Gravel = 13%, Sand = 43%, Silt / Clay = 44%} BH (XK6) 100

90 80 Depth = 3.0 - 5.0 m

%PASSING

70 60 50

40 30 20 10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT

CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

1.000

10.000

SAND FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

GRAVEL

FINE

Cob MEDIUM COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

65

By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curves {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 72 - 83%, Silt / Clay = 17 - 28%} BH (XK7) 100 90

%PASSING

80 70

60 50

Depth = 0 - 1.0 m

40

Depth = 1.0 - 3.0 m

30

Depth = 3.0 - 5.0 m

20 10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

1.000

10.000

SAND FINE

MEDIUM

GRAVEL COARSE

FINE

MEDIUM

Cob COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

UNIVERSITY OF KHARTOUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENG. DEPT. - ROAD & SOIL SECTION Project: Electricity Transmission Line Project at Port Sudan in Red Sea State Gradiation Curves {Gravel = 0%, Sand = 52 - 74%, Silt / Clay = 26 - 48%} BH (XK8) 100 90

%PASSING

80

Depth = 0 - 1.0 m

70

Depth = 1.0 - 2.0 m

60 Depth = 2.0 - 3.0 m 50

Depth = 3.0 - 5.0 m

40 30 20 10 0 0.001

0.010

0.100

SILT CLAY

FINE

MEDIUM COARSE

1.000

10.000

SAND FINE

MEDIUM

GRAVEL COARSE

FINE

MEDIUM

Cob COARSE bles

PARTICLE SIZE(mm)

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

66

By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum

Appendix (D)

Chemical Tests Results

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

67

By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum



‫جامعة الخرطوم‬ ‫كلية الهندسة‬ ‫قسم الهندسة المدنية‬ 321 ‫ص ب‬ ‫خرطوم – سودان‬ 771577 :‫تلفون‬

University of Khartoum Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Department P. O. Box 321, P. Code 11111, Khartoum, Sudan 771577Tel. 0249-11E-mail: [email protected]

Oct. 23, 2010 Project: Plot No. 44, Sq. 35 Location: at Khartoum Extension Subject: Chemical Tests Results You will find below the tests results for the two soil samples taken from the two boreholes at 4m depth.

Borehole N0.

Sulphate (gm/lit)

Chloride (%)

PH (@25˚C)

BH 1

0.329

0.007

8.3

BH 2

0.343

0.006

8.1

Geotechnical Investigation for Electricity of Transmission Line Towers in Port-Sudan

68

By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi University of Khartoum