Signal Processing. This issue is composed of eight invited papers and 20 contributed papers. The area of Optical Signal. Processing is quite broad, so we have ...
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Guest Editorial Optical Signal Processing
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S Guest Editors, we are pleased to introduce the JOURNAL LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY Special Issue on Optical Signal Processing. This issue is composed of eight invited papers and 20 contributed papers. The area of Optical Signal Processing is quite broad, so we have chosen invited papers that span a range of topics and applications, including system demonstrations, device fabrication, and mathematical tools. From another viewpoint, applications include RF photonics and analog-to-digital conversion as well as high-speed communications. Both linear and nonlinear processing are covered as well. The thread that ties this broad area together is processing in the optical domain. It is an exciting time for the field given the availability of advanced fabrication processes to build more integrated and complex optical systems, coupled with developments in high-speed electronics and communications that push us toward developing processing techniques for ultrafast, ultrawideband signals and systems. More specifically, this special issue includes the following topics: • time-frequency processing, including applications for equalization; • RF photonic processing, including arbitrary waveform generation; • advanced integrated optical devices for linear and nonlinear processing; • analog-to-digital conversion; • photonic logic and variable delay lines; • sensing. The invited papers are as follows: • “Optical Adaptive Equalization of High-speed Signals Using Time-domain Optical Fourier Transformation,” by T. Hirooka and M. Nakazawa • “Synthesis of Optical Coherence Function and its Applications in Distributed and Multiplexed Optical Sensing,” by K. Hotate and Z. He • “All-Optical Signal Processing Using C2 Nonlinearities in Guided Wave Devices,” by C. Langrock et al. • “Design Considerations of All-optical A/D Conversion: Nonlinear Fiber-Optic Sagnac Loop Interferometer-Based Optical Quantizing and Coding,” by K. Ikeda et al. • “Ultrafast Optical Signal Processing Based Upon SpaceTime Dualities,” by J. van Howe and C. Xu OF
Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/JLT.2006.879647
• “Ultrafast Optical Distortion Equalizer Using Time-Frequency Domain Processing,” by T. Konishi et al. • “Optical Frequency Combs From Semiconductor Lasers and Applications in Ultra-Wideband Signal Processing And Communications,” by P. Delfyett et al. • “OTDM Add–Drop Multiplexer Based on Time-Frequency Signal Processing,” by P. J. Almeida et al. A key focus is on time-frequency processing with several invited and contributed papers on this subject. The invited paper by Howe and Xu describes space-time dualities and applications. The Konishi et al. invited paper focuses on distortion equalizer applications for ultrafast signals. P. Almeida et al. describes an OTDM add-drop multiplexer based on time-frequency processing. Hirooka and Nakazawa apply time-frequency processing to distortion equalization. Another major area is RF photonic processing. Several contributed papers focus on this area. Mora et al. describes a tunable microwave bandpass filter using a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, and Capmany discusses incoherent optical filters for microwave processing. Jiang et al. demonstrate line-by-line control for arbitrary waveform generation, and Azana et al. describes the use of frequency upshifting for arbitrary waveform generation. Predistortion is discussed by Bortnik et al. for precision arbitrary waveform generation. Chan and Minasian have a contributed paper on RF phase shifters and tunable notch filters. Several device and subsystem papers provide a technology platform that will enable multiple optical signal processing applications. The invited paper by Delfyett et al. reviews recent work on optical frequency combs using semiconductor lasers and bridges multiple areas including time-frequency processing, analog-to-digital processing, and RF photonics. He then describes several applications that span from analog-to-digital conversion, using their low jitter sources, to arbitrary waveform generation. All-optical analog-to-digital conversion is the focus of the Ikeda et al. invited paper. Nonlinear processing using periodically poled lithium niobate is reviewed in an invited paper by Langrock et al.. The underlying device technology and fabrication are discussed, as are advanced devices. In addition to optical mixers, the applications include photonic logic, label swapping, and header recognition in packet networks. Two-photon absorption for high-speed communications networks is discussed in a contributed paper by Maguire et al. Other device-related contributed papers include active filters by Kannan et al., arrayed-waveguide grating routers for spectrum analysis by Takada and Satoh, and the use of spatial light modulators by Xian et al.
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JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY, VOL. 24, NO. 7, JULY 2006
Besides the inherent ultra-wideband nature of optics, its ability to offer unique advantages for sensing applications is compelling. The signal processing challenge is typically related to unraveling time-frequency-encoded data to obtain spatially resolved information. Multiplexed optical sensing is the focus of Hotate and He’s invited paper. Fiber Bragg gratings, a synthesized dynamic grating, and distributed stress sensing by Brillouin frequency shift are discussed for two- and three-dimensional distributed measurements. In a contributed paper, Hotate discusses lateral stress sensing by stepwise frequency modulation. As Guest Editors, we would like to thank Prof. Alan E. Willner, Editor-in-Chief, for the opportunity to pursue this special issue. We are also deeply indebted to Douglas Hargis, the Publication Coordinator, for his persistent work in bringing this special issue into existence.
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JOSÉ AZAÑA, Guest Editor Institut National de la Recherche ScientifiqueÉnergie, Matériaux et Télécomunications (INRS-EMT) Montreal, QC H5A 1K6, Canada CHRISTI MADSEN, Guest Editor Texas A&M University College Station, TX 77843 KOICHI TAKIGUCHI, Guest Editor NTT Photonics Laboratories NTT Corporation Kanagawa, 311–0122 Japan GABRIELLA CINCOTTI, Guest Editor Department of Applied Electronics University “Roma Tre” Rome, Italy
José Azaña (M’03) was born on December 8, 1972 in Toledo, Spain. He received the Ingeniero de Telecomunicación (six years engineering program) and Ph.D. degrees in the areas of optical signal processing and fiber Bragg gratings from the Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Madrid, Spain, in 1997 and 2001, respectively. He completed part of his Ph.D. work at the University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, and the University of California, Davis. From September 2001 to mid 2003, he was Postdoctoral Research Associate with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, PQ, Canada. Recently, he joined the Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Montreal, where he is a Research Professor with the Ultrafast Optical Processing group. His research work has resulted in more than 50 publications in top scientific and engineering journals, and it has been recognized with several distinctions in Spain and Canada. His current research interests focus on fiber and integrated technologies for ultrafast optical signal processing and optical pulse shaping for various applications, including optical telecommunications, ultrafast metrology, biomedical imaging, and microwave waveform manipulation. Dr. Azaña is a Member of the Optical Society of America (OSA).
Christi Madsen (SM’96) received the Bachelor’s degree from The University of Texas at Austin in 1986, the Master’s degree from Stanford University, Standford, CA, in 1987, and the Ph.D. degree from Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, in 1996, all in electrical engineering. She joined AT&T Bell Laboratories in 1987 and worked for the submarine systems business unit. After completing her Ph.D., she transferred to the integrated photonics research department at Bell Laboratories. Since then, her research has focused on the application of digital filter and signal processing techniques to optical filters for high-speed, high-capacity optical communication systems. In 1998, she invented a class of tunable, multistage optical allpass filters that allow any phase response to be approximated and have application in chromatic dispersion compensation and polarization mode dispersion compensation. She has given a short course on "Optical Filters for WDM Systems: Theory, Technologies, and Applications" at OFC and was the 2004 General Chair for the Integrated Photonics Research (IPR) Conference. She was promoted to Distinguished Member of the Technical Staff at Bell Laboratories in 2002 and achieved Fellow ranking in the Optical Society of America in 2003. She holds 24 U.S. patents and has given over 80 technical talks and papers. She is a professor at Texas A&M University, College Station.
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Koichi Takiguchi (M’89) was born in Ibaraki, Japan. He received the B.S. degree in electronic engineering and the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering, all from the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan, in 1987, 1989, and 1992, respectively. His graduation thesis and doctoral dissertation concerned a GaAs/AlGaAs distributed feedback (DFB) semiconductor laser and a resonator-type fiber-optic gyroscope (RFOG), respectively. Since joining NTT, Kanagawa, Japan, in 1992, he has been engaged in the research and development of silica-based planar waveguide filters including a tunable dispersion compensator (TDC) and high-speed optical transmission systems. He demonstrated the first TDC in 1995. From 1998 to 1999, he was a visiting scholar at the University of California at Santa Barbara (UCSB), where he was engaged in work on semiconductor-based photonic functional devices. He is now interested in optical signal processing devices including a dynamic compensator, a pulse waveform synthesizer, and an optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) encoder/decoder, as well as their applications to next-generation optical network systems. Dr. Takiguchi is a Member of the Institute of Electronics, Information, and Communication Engineers (IEICE) of Japan, the Japan Society of Applied Physics (JSAP), and the Optical Society of Japan (OSJ). He served on as a member of Technical Program Committees at IPR and CLEO/Pacific Rim conferences.
Gabriella Cincotti (M’00–SM’06) was born in Naples, Italy, in 1966. She received the M.Sc. degree (cum laude) in electronic engineering from the University of Rome “La Sapienza,” Rome, Italy, in April 1992. She was a Project Engineer at the microwave laboratory of ALENIA, Aeritalia, and Selenia S.p.A., Rome, from 1992 to 1994. In October 1994, she joined the Department of Electronic Engineering of the University “Roma Tre” as an Assistant Professor, and in May 2005, she moved to the Department of Applied Electronics as an Associate Professor. Her ongoing research areas include passive optical devices, such as optical filters, wavelength demultiplexing, encoders/decoders, and polarizing devices, and her research results have been recorded in over 60 refereed papers and summarized in nearly 20 conference and symposium presentations. Prof. Cincotti is a Senior Member of the IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society (LEOS) and of the Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Telecomunicazioni (CNIT).
