ICOPH 2016 - International Conference on Public Health

Book of Abstracts The 2nd International Conference on Public Health (ICOPH 2016)

28th and 29th of July, 2016 Colombo, Sri Lanka

Committee of the ICOPH - 2016 The International Institute of Knowledge Management (TIIKM) Tel: +94(0) 11 3132827 [email protected]

Disclaimer The responsibility for opinions expressed, in articles, studies and other contributions in this publication rests solely with their authors, and this publication does not constitute an endorsement by the ICOPH or TIIKM of the opinions so expressed in them. Official website of the conference www.publichealthconference.co

Book of Abstracts of the 2nd International Conference on Public Health 2016 Edited by Udayangani Premarathne and Others

ISBN: 978-955-4903-58-6

Copyright @ TIIKM All rights are reserved according to the code of intellectual property act of Sri Lanka, 2003 Published by The International Institute of Knowledge Management (TIIKM)

Tel: +94(0) 11 3132827 Fax: +94(0) 11 2835571

ii

Academic Partners: MONASH University, Malaysia MAHSA University, Malaysia Indian Institute of Public Health - Gandhinagar (IIPHG), India Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka Strategic Partners: Sri Lanka Convention Bureau, Sri Lanka International Society for Children’s Health and the Environment Organized By: The International Institute of Knowledge Management (TIIKM), Sri Lanka

ICOPH 2016 Committee PROF. DR. HEMATRAM YADAV

(Conference Co-Chair, ICOPH 2016) Department of Community Medicine, MAHSA University, Malaysia

PROF. DR. RUSLI BIN NORDIN

(Conference Co-Chair, ICOPH 2016) Professor of Public Health Medicine & Head Clinical School Johor Bahru Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences MONASH University Malaysia

PROF. RAJ BHOPAL

(Keynote Speaker, ICOPH 2016) Bruce and John Usher Professor of Public Health and Honorary Consultant in Public Health Medicine, The University of Edinburgh Center for Population Health Sciences

PROF. NALIKA GUNAWARDENA

(Keynote Speaker, ICOPH 2016) WHO, Country Office, Sri Lanka

PROF. K.A.K.K. WIJEWARDANA

(Keynote Speaker, ICOPH 2016) Senior Professor, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka

PROF. DATO’ DR. RAVINDRAN JEGASOTHY

(Keynote Speaker, ICOPH 2016) Dean of the Faculty of Medicine, MAHSA University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

iii

DR. VIMAL S. KARANI

(Plenary Speaker, ICOPH 2016) Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6AP, UK

DR. DEEPIKA ATTYGALLE

(Plenary Speaker, ICOPH 2016) President of College of Community Physicians of Sri Lanka

PROF. (DR). FORHAD AKHTAR ZAMAN

(Plenary Speaker, ICOPH 2016) Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences, India

ASSOC. PROF. KAVITHA MENON

(Session Chair, ICOPH 2016) Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar, India

ASST. PROF. KIRTI UDAYAI

(Session Chair, ICOPH 2016) International Institute of Health Management Research, India

DR. B.C.V. SENARATHNA

(Session Chair, ICOPH 2016) Senior Lecturer, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka

DR. BEENA VSRGHESE

(Session Chair, ICOPH 2016) Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar, India

DR. C.S.E. GOONAWARDANE

(Session Chair, ICOPH 2016) Senior Lecturer, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka

DR. LIYA DENNEY

(Session Chair, ICOPH 2016) Nestle Research Center, Switzerland

DR. M. DULSHIKA AMARASINGHE WAAS

(Session Chair, ICOPH 2016) University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka

DR. RIZA G. ABILGOS-RAMOS

(Session Chair, ICOPH 2016) Philippine Rice Research Institute, Philippines

DR. SANAM ANWAR

(Session Chair, ICOPH 2016) Oman Medical College, Oman

iv

DR. SHALINDRA RANASINGHE


DR. THALATHA LIYANAGE


DR. MOHD DZULKHAIRI

(Session Chair, ICOPH 2016) Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Malaysia

DR. MALATHIE DISSANAYAKE

(Session Chair, ICOPH 2016) South Asian Institute Medicine, Sri Lanka

PROF. SARDER MAHMUD HOSSAIN

of

Technology

and

(Session Chair, ICOPH 2016) Northern University Bangladesh, Bangladesh

DR. SHIROMI MADUWAGE

(Session Chair, ICOPH 2016) Ministry of Health, Sri Lanka

DR. ANOMA BASNAYAKE

(Session Chair, ICOPH 2016) Consultant, Community Physician Nutrition, Ministry of Health Sri Lanka

MR. ISANKA. P. GAMAGE

(Conference Program Chair, ICOPH 2016) The International Institute of Knowledge Management

MR. OSHADEE WITHANAWASAM

(Conference Publication Chair, ICOPH 2016) The International Institute of Knowledge Management

MR. SARANGA MEEPITIYA

(Conference Coordinator, ICOPH 2016) The International Institute of Knowledge Management

v

Editorial Board-ICOM Board- ICOPH2013 - 2016 Editorial Editor in Chief Prof. Dr. Hematram Yadav, Department of Community Medicine, MAHSA University, Malaysia

Editorial Board Prof. Dr. Rusli Bin Nordin, Public Health Medicine & Head Clinical School, Johor Bahru Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, MONASH University Malaysia Ms. Udayangani Premarathne, The International Institute of Knowledge Management The Editorial Board is not responsible for the content of any research paper

Scientific Committee - ICOPH - 2016 Prof. Oyaziwo Aluede, Department Of Educational Foundations And Management, Ambrose Alli Prof. Hematram Yadav, MAHSA University, Malaysia Prof. Dato Dr. Ravindran Jegasothy, MAHSA University, Malaysia Dr. Ahmad Munir Qureshi, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, MONASH, Malaysia Dr P Thayaparan a/l Ponnudurai, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, MONASH, Malaysia Dr. Kavitha Menon, Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar, India Assist. Prof. Somen Saha, Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar, India Dr Beena Varghese, Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar, India Dr. Asna Urooj, PG Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Mysore, Mysore, India Dr. Muhammad Irfan Khan, Moorfields Eye Hospital Centre Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates Dr. Muhammad Ibrar Shinwari, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan Associate Prof. Auxilia Chideme-Munodawafa, Africa University , Mutare, Zimbabwe Prof. Mika Gissler, Nordic School of Public Health, Sweden Dr. Declan Patton, School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, Health Sciences Centre, University College Dublin, Ireland Assist. Prof. Dr. Dawria Adam, Shendi University, Sudan

vi

MESSAGE FROM PROF. DR. HEMATRAM YADAV CONFERENCE CO-CHAIRICOPH 2016

As the conference chair it gives me great pleasure to invite all of you to attend the International Conference on Public Health 2016 in Colombo, Sri Lanka. The theme of the conference is ‘Bridging the gap between research and policy and creating a global platform to discuss evidence based health polices and interventions in public health’. This conference is the premier forum for the new advances in research results in the areas of global health and health systems. Public health has faced numerous challenges during the last century but it has also made much progress. Childhood immunizations, antibiotics and clean water are just a few of the public health advances of the 20th century that have influenced our health status. WHO is especially proud of the eradication of polio and small pox in the last century. In the last 30 years, it has been reported that about 30 new viral, bacterial, and parasitic diseases have been classified as “emerging diseases” or they have occurred for the first time. In terms of non-communicable diseases hypertension, diabetes and stroke are increasing. The obesity trends need to be reversed, but will require broad societal changes in current views about food, eating habits, and integrating physical activity in all of us. We expect experts in the field of public health to attend this conference and present their finding of their research and exchange ideas from other work being done in the world. It will give a golden opportunity to the public health professionals to strengthen their network and finally Malaysia has been chosen for this conference because of the excellent public health infrastructure and this will provide an opportunity to participants to how health care is being delivered effectively and efficiently in the developing world. Prof. Dr. Hematram Yadav Department of Community Medicine, MAHSA University, Malaysia

vii

MESSAGE FROM PROF. DR. RUSLI BIN NORDIN CONFERENCE CO-CHAIRICOPH 2016

Welcome to the second International Conference on Public Health 2016 (ICOPH 2016) in Colombo, Sri Lanka. The theme of ICOPH 2016 is “Bridging the gap between research and policy and creating a global platform to discuss evidence based health policies and interventions in public health.” In tandem with the current global emphasis on evidencebased medicine (EBM), the 21st century public health approaches is also evidence-based and will remain solidly anchored in valid scientific evidence to justify health policies and interventions. There is, therefore, an urgent need to bridge the gap between research and public health policies so that the best possible outcomes could be realized. I hope that this conference will generate strong research and training opportunities among participants so that we will be able to promote the best public health research platform and funding opportunities. Let us continue to network and find opportunities that will benefit academics, researchers and students that will benefit all nations through the new public health approach. I am also taking this opportunity to welcome all of you to the Third International Conference on Public Health 2017 (ICOPH 2017) that will be held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia from 28-29 July 2017. Lastly, I humbly pray for your safe journey to Colombo for the ICOPH 2016 and hope that everyone will have a wonderful and memorable experience. Best Regards

Prof. Dr. Rusli Bin Nordin Clinical School Johor Bahru, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, MONASH University, Malaysia ICOPH 2016 22 July 2016 viii

Table of Contents

Page No KEYNOTE SPEECH

Abortions- A Public Health Issue. What Should Be Our Response?

3

Professor Dr. Ravindran Jegasothy

ORAL PRESENTATIONS ELDERLY, QUALITY OF LIFE AND SOCIAL ISSUES 01. Health Care Needs and Services Available for Elders in the Batticaloa District

7

K. Arulanandem 02. Global Sex Selection Techniques: Social Issues and Harmful Effects

8

Pragya Rai 03. Community Based Intervention for Widows of Silver Age

9

Shiromi Maduwage

04. The Level of Cognition is Significantly Associated with the Quality of Life in a Sample of Physically Independent Institutionalized Elderly People in Galle District

10

Madushika W.K Gamage

05. The Relationship between Knowledge and Attitude of Elderly with Participation in the Implementation of Posbindu Lansia Sejahtera in the Cipasung Village, Darma Subdistrict , Kuningan Regency 2013

11

Indrayani

06. Effect of Hospital Follow-up Appointment System for Ageing Patients with Non Communicable Diseases in Rural Health Settings, Sri Lankan Online Social-Constructivist Model for Professional Development of School Principals in Indonesia Hirimuthugoda

ix

12

07. Acid Attacks: Addressing Gender-Based Violence and Women’s Rights in Bangladesh

13

Sifat Yusuf 08. Tricresyl Phosphate (TCP) Induced Polyneuropathy: A Case Series from Dehgam, Gujarat, India

14

Jayesh Solanki

NON COMMUNICABLE DISEASE

09. Islamic Knowledge and Practice on Type II Diabetes Mellitus among Adults in

15

Kampung Ayer Gelugor Tenai, Negeri Sembilan Mohd Hafiz Bin Jaafar 10. Improving Compliance, Reducing Complications- A Diabetes Study in

16

Mumbai, India Hussain Nulwala 11. Breast Cancer in Nepal: A Review

17

Subhojit Dey

12. Knowledge and Attitudes Regarding Use of Insulin among Diabetic Patients in Selected Hospitals in Colombo District

18

D.S Wijesinghe

13. Glycaemic Control and Its Associated Dietary Related Factors among Tamil Patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus

19

Gnanaselvam Kisokanth

14. Women’s Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices about Breast Cancer in a Rural District of Central India

20

Nitin Gangane

15. Barriers and Facilitating Factors of Community Based Screening for Cervical Carcinoma among Women of Tea Garden Areas in Darjeeling District : A Qualitative Analysis Shashi Kala Tiwary

x

21

16. Gender Difference and Its Determinants in Treatment Seeking Behavior of Rural Diabetic Patients

22

M. M. Aktaruzzaman

MENTAL HEALTH

17. Effectiveness of Play Therapy in Reducing Stress among School Age Children

23

Admitted in Paediatric Wards of Bpkihs Basant Kumar Karn 18. Quality Assessment of Treatment Care at Psychiatry Clinic, General Hospital

24

Kalutara, Sri Lanka Krishan Hirimuthugoda 19. Mediation Effect of Work-Family Conflict between Worktime and Depression

25

of Married Working Men in Korea Bo-Eun Gim

20. Risk Factors of Injury: A Cohort Study Examining Depressive Symptoms

26

Tarzia Choudhury

21. The Predictive Effect of Depression on Self Rated Health: A One Year Longitudinal Study among Adult Population in Bangladesh

27

Nafisa Huq

22. Assessment of Mental Health Literacy in School-Going Adolescents

28

Malvika Sharma

23. Rana Plaza after Three Years: Physical and Mental Morbidities among Survivors

29

John Richards and Labin Rahman

24. Mental Health Issues of Women in Pakistan Sarah H. Naqvi

xi

30

OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH

25. Nature and Prevalence of Occupational Hazards and Musculoskeletal

31

Disorders among Dental Students and Practitioners in Riyadh City Zainah Mohammed Alshehri 26. Assessment of Pattern of Health Problems among the Tannery Workers in

32

Dhaka, Bangladesh Sarder Mahmud Hossain 27. Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infection and Its Correlation with the Type of

33

Job among Children in Bantar Gebang Landfill, Bekasi Muhammad Khoirul Huda

28. Musculoskeletal Disorder among Handloom Workers

34

M. M. Aktaruzzaman

29. Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Breast Self-Examination among Female Health Workers in Siaya County Referral Hospital

35

Oduor Jarim Omogi

30. The Knowledge Regarding the Warning Labels of Smoking and the Impact It has had on the Adult Working Population of Selected Districts in Sri Lanka

36

Melani Wijesuriya

31. Gender-Based Violence and Correlates in Underprivileged Tea Plantation Sectors of Sri Lanka

37

Muzrif Munas

32. Gender Disparity in Management of Tuberculosis Patients among Garments Workers

38

Irin Hossain

33. Estimating Environmental Tax on Coastal Structures Using Stated Preference Choice Experiment

39

Boaz Barak

34. Exploring the Experiences of Coastal Population Affected by Cyclone Sidr and Aila Russell Kabir

xii

40

35. The Association between Air Pollution and Outpatient and Inpatient Visits in Shenzhen, China

41

Jian Xu

36. Capacity Building on Tobacco Cessation Using Hybrid Training Model

42

Sandeep Mahapatra

37. Factors Affecting Public Health: A Case Study of Construction Workers in Gandhinagar

43

D. Sriram

38. Evaluating the Effectiveness of Tobacco Product Warning Labelling

44

Nguyen Thi Minh Tam

39. Behavioral Interventions in Tobacco Cessation in Primary Care: Findings from Two States of India

45

Rajmohan Panda

CURATIVE CARE

40. Cancer Survivor and Survivorship in India: A Review

46

Subhojit Dey 41. Predictive Value of Urethral Discharge Syndromic Diagnosis vs. Laboratory

47

Etiology Diagnosis in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Surafel Fentaw 42. Frequency of Autoantibodies in Subjects with and without Oral Addictive

48

Habits Kashif Muhammad

43. Knowledge of Use of Zinc Supplementation in the Management of Childhood Diarrhea among Young Doctors in Atertiary Care Hospital

49

Nabeela Fazal Babar

44. Implementation of Quality and Safety Wound Dressing in a Base Hospital: An Observational Study G. Sukunan xiii

50

45. The Caregiving Burden among Family Caregivers of Adult Cancer Patients

51

Umadevi Vasudevan

46. Predicting Risks of Osteoporotic Fractures among Elderly Visiting Outpatient Department in Kulim Hospital

52

Selvanaayagam Shanmuganathan

47. Relations between Gravidity and the Varicose of the Lower Limbs

53

Niken Bayu Argaheni

48. Profile of Bacterial Uropathogens and Their Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns in Clinically Suspected Cases of Urinary Tract Infections in a Rural Hospital in Haryana, India

54

Meenakshi N

49. Relationship between Selected Anthropometric Measures with NT Pro BNP Level Regarding the Severity of Chronic Heart Failure in Sri Lanka ̵ A Preliminary Study

55

K. W. W. Dilshani

50. Cost of Haemodialysis in Khartoum State – Sudan

56

Ashwag Abudulrahim

ADOLESCENT HEALTH 51. Sexual Assertiveness as a Predictor for College Students’ Sexual Behaviors

57

Indah Amelia 52. Effect of Socioeconomic Status on Neurocognitive Performance in Early

58

Adolescents Living in Galle District, Sri Lanka H. J. H. Madhushanthi 53. Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior of High School Students towards

Reproductive Health and Factors Associated Observed in Tarakan City, North Kalimantan Province, Indonesia Dewi Andini Putri

xiv

59

54. Knowledge and Attitude on Social Health and Its Related Illness among Youth in Felda Bukit Rokan, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia

60

Tengku Amatullah Madeehah Tengku Mohd

55. An Insight to Menstrual Hygiene and Practices among Adolescent Girls Age above 15 Years in Tangalle Educational Division

61

C.S.E Goonewardena

56. Risk of Sedentary Activity and Physical Activity for Overweight among School Children Aged 14 - 15 Years in the District of Kalutara

62

Indrani Padmalatha Godakanda

57. Correlates of Early Menarche in School Going Adolescent Omani Girls

63

Sanam Anwar

58. Menstruation: Celebrating Veracity or Practicing Bigotry

64

Jasmine Pattanayak, Kanika Gupta and Kirti Udayai

59. Persistent Stunting in Middle Childhood and Health Outcomes as a Young Adult: The Case of Andhra Pradesh Using Longitudinal Data

65

Rozana Himaz

60. Indigenous Reproductive Health Belief among Adolescents Girls in Tengger

66

Nurlaela Widyarini

61. Why Adolescents Sexual Health Needs are Not Met: A Systematic Review of Adolescents and Service Providers Views on Access to Sexual and Reproductive Health Information and Services

67

Franklin Onukwugha

62. The Pattern of Physical Activity, among School Children Aged 14-15 Years in the Kalutara District Indrani Padmalatha Godakanda

xv

68

MATERNAL HEALTH

63. Proportion and Risk Factors of Unintended Pregnancy among Currently

69

Pregnant Sudanese Women at Omdurman Maternity Hospital, 2016 Esra Salah Aldin Abdalwahab Saleh 64. Self-Concept Analysis in Patients Pre-Eclampsia and Eclampsia, Semarang,

70

Central Java, Indonesia 2012 Siti Walidah Mailina Istiqomah 65. Determinant of Voluntary Counselling and Testing Utilization among

71

Sudanese Pregnant Women Asma. A. Mohamed Sharif

66. Anemia Maternal in Pregnancy as a Risk Factor of Low Birth Weight: A Systematic Review

72

Herlena Hayati

67. Health Protection for Women and Adolescents during Disasters in India

73

Muzaffar Ahmad

68. Misconceptions Regarding Family Planning among Pregnant Women in Selected Districts of Sri Lanka

74

Manoshini Ethiraj

69. Women in Saudi Arabia and the Prevalence of Cardiovascular Risks a Systematic Review

75

Mashael K Alshaikh

70. Identifying Factors Associated with Low Maternal Health Seeking Behavior in Bangladesh: Does Women’s Autonomy Matter?

76

Samia Aziz

71. Nature and Extent of Abuse Experienced by Women from Health Providers During Institutional Deliveries in Varanasi, Northern India

77

Shreeporna Bhattacharya

72. Indications Factor of Sectio Caesarea in Indonesia: A Systematic Review Siti Fatimah

xvi

78

73. Mothers' Views about Sexuality Education to Adolescent Girls: A Qualitative Study in Iran

79

Mohsen Shams

74. Maternity Health Policies in India with Special Reference to Assam

80

Archana Sarma

75. Attitudes and Different Practices Related to Abnormal Vaginal Discharge among Women Living in an Estate Community in Sri Lanka

81

I.M.P.S Ilankoon

76. Misconceptions Regarding Breast Feeding among Pregnant Women in Selected Districts of Sri Lanka

82

Manoshini Ethiraj

77. Indigenous Medicine Use for Sex Selection During Pregnancy and Risk of Congenital Malformations and Stillbirths

83

Sutapa B Neogi

78. Misconceptions Regarding Pregnancy among Pregnant Women in Selected Districts of Sri Lanka

84

Manoshini Ethiraj

HEALTH CARE SERVICES

79. Assessing Governance and Transparency in Medicines Procurement and Distribution at Four Selected Local Government Units in the Philippines

85

Anthony R.G. Faraon 80. Factors Influencing Utilization of Institutional Delivery in a Disadvantaged

86

Community of Lalitpur, Nepal Manju Karmacharya 81. Strengthening Knowledge: Reaching the Last Mile Vidyunmala Agarwal

xvii

87

82. Cross-Sectional Survey of Internal Migrants in Nasik, India to Determine their Socio-Demographic Profile and Access to and Utilisation of Healthcare Services

88

Anjali Borhade

83. Kidney Organ Donation and Transplant Services Sought by Foreigners in the Philippines: A Realist Analysis of a Case Study

89

Maria Soledad Antonio

84. Effectiveness of Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (BTI) Application in Aedes aegypti Larva Control in Without-Lighting Water Container in Rawasari Village, Central Jakarta, Indonesia

90

Dewi Andini Putri

85. Hidden Maladies: The Urban Truth

91

Sneha A. Wankhade

86. Drivers of Family Size amongst Men from Urban Slums in South-Western Nigeria: Implications on Demographic Transition

92

Olalemi Adewumi and Obembe Taiwo

87. A Delphi Method to Construct a Competence Indicator of Gender in Healthcare Professional Education

93

Hsing-Yuan Liu

88. Creating Access to Health Services in Under Privileged Tribal Area: A Case Study of Mobile Medical Units in Shahdol District, MP

94

Sneha Nikam

89. Innovations in Primary Healthcare: Development of Assessment Framework

95

Nitya Saxena

90. Behaviour Change - The Missing Link

96

Sneha Nikam

91. Health Services Utilization of Beneficiaries Under the Conditional Cash Transfer Program in Negros Oriental Maria Theresa C. Belcina Jr

xviii

97

CHILD AND HEALTH 92. Knowledge Regarding Neonatal Jaundice Management among Mothers: A Descriptive Study Done in a Tertiary Level Hospital of Dhaka City

98

Sazia Huq 93. De-Worming in Pregnancy Has No Effect to Reduce Neonatal Mortality in

99

Nepal Purusotam Raj Shedain 94. Profile of Newborns Admitted to Special Newborn Care Units: Rajasthan,

100

India Pujitha S. Padmanabhan

95. Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF): A Gap Analysis Between Policy and Practice

101

Pujitha S. Padmanabhan

96. Effectiveness of the Training on Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices among Anganwadi Workers at a Rural Teaching Hospital: A Cross Sectional Study

102

Sunidhi Karol

97. Maternal Health and Child Mortality: A Case Study of Two Slums of Guwahati

103

Rashmi Bhattacharyya

98. Mothers’ Awareness of Developmental- Milestones and Advantages of EarlyIdentification of Delayed-Milestones among 18 Month Old Children Attending Immunization Clinics in Colombo District

104

A. F. F Fazla

99. Maternal Factors Affecting Child Nutrition of Rice-Based Farm Households in Central Luzon, Philippines

105

Riza G. Abilgos-Ramos

100. Economic Assessment of a Safe Childbirth Checklist Program to Improve Birth Outcomes in India Somen Saha

xix

106

101. House of Healthy : Actualization of Childhood Disability for Brighter Future (For Treatment, Education and Rehabilitation)

107

Nabigh Abdul Jabbar

102. Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) Training Through the Lens of the Participants

108

Rowena M. Turtal

103. Intervention to Improve the Identification of the Preterm Babies among Institutional Deliveries in Two Government District Hospitals in Bihar, India

109

Prairna Koul

104. Exploring Capacity Building Needs for Comprehensive Diarrhea Control in Four States in India under Save the Children ‘Stop Diarrhea Initiative

110

Farhad Ali

105. Sudanese Child Protective Service Officers: Profile, Qualifications and Experiences

111

Duha Abuobaida Abdalla

106. Preterm Birth and Tobacco Smoking during the Pregnancy

112

Andrea Fogarasi-Grenczer

107. Association of Daily Light and Dark Exposure with Prevalence of Glasses Using in High School Students in Tarakan, North Kalimantan, Indonesia

113

Dewi Andini Putri

108. Putting Women at the Center: A Review of Indian Policy to Address PersonCentered Care in Maternal and Newborn Health, Family Planning, and Abortion

114

Aradhana Srivastava

109. Risk of Blood Pressure among School Children of Salinity Areas

115

Irin Hossain

110. Effect of Home Based Child Care on Child Mortality and Malnutrition in a Tribal Belt: Result of Field Cluster Randomized Control Trial Ashish Satav

xx

116

111. Tracking of the Weak Newborns: An Intervention to Improve their Identification and Care in Bihar, India

117

Sweta Roy

112. Exploring Supply Chain Management Issues in Childhood Diarrhea Prevention and Treatment– Research Findings in Stop Diarrhea Initiative of Save the Children in four States in India

118

Farhad Ali

113. How Do Social and Economic Factors Influence Fruit and Vegetable Consumption amongst Regional and Remote Western Australian Children

119

Stephanie Godrich

114. Saving Newborn Lives: Evaluation of the WHO Safe Childbirth Checklist Program, Rajasthan, India

120

Beena Varghese

115. Bridging the Gaps Between Religious Barriers to the Uptake of Maternal and Child Health Services and Health Providers Training Programs in Muslim Majority Areas in Nigeria

121

Yahaya Hashim

116. A Qualitative Enquiry into Enablers and Barriers to Behaviours Related to 7 Point Plan on Comprehensive Diarrhea Control in 4 Districts of India

122

Farhad Ali

NURSING AND MIDWIFERY

117. Nursing Education in Sri Lanka: New Directions

123

A. A. T. D. Amarasekara 118. Whose Job is it? Perceived by Midwifery–Trained Registered Nurses in

Intranatal Units at Tertiary Care Hospitals in the Western Province of Sri Lanka M. R. Sunethra Jayathilake

xxi

124

119. Midwifery Education in Bangladesh- A New Pathway to Reduce Maternal

125

and Neonatal Mortality and Morbidity: Towards Achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGS) K. M. Zahiduzzaman

120. A Study on Occurrence of Anemia in Primigravid Women Attending Antenatal Ward of BPKIHS”. Dharan, Nepal

126

Upendra Yadav

121. The Differences Influence of Cooperative Learning between Jigsaw and Group Investigation Method with Scientific Attitude towards Midwifery Students’ Learning Outcome

127

Gita Kostania

122. Factors That Contribute to Public Sector Nurses’ Turnover in Limpopo Province of South Africa

128

Takalani G. Tshitangano

NUTRITION

123. A Study in Improving Micronutrient Status of Communities Using Crystal

129

Salt Enriched with Multiple Micronutrients Malavika Vinodkumar 124. Dietary Intake Pattern of Type 2 Diabetic Patients

130

Harshi Gunawardena 125. Current Practices in Food and Childcare-Services Provisions in

131

Bangladesh’s Ready-Made Garment Factories Md. Lenin Khan

126. Use of Household Food Security Status and Dietary Diversity as Indicators of Nutritional Status of Urban and Rural Preschool Children

132

Thamilini Joshepkumar

127. The Perceptions and Practices of Diet and Nutrition among Lactating Mothers in a Peri-Urban Area of Dhaka, Bangladesh Rushdia Ahmed

xxii

133

128. Intake of Dietary Supplements in Pregnant Indian Women: Too Much of a Good Thing?

134

Kavitha Menon

129. Knowledge, Attitude and Practice towards Dates Consumption among Local Residents in Pulau Langkawi, Kedah

135

Mohd Dzulkhairi Mohd Rani

130. A Study of Fast Food Consumption among Adolescent School Children in an Urban Area in South India

136

V .T. Krishnadas Menon

131. Iodine Nutritional Status in Pregnant Mothers, Neonates, School Age Children, Adolescent Girls in Uttarakhand State, India

137

Umesh Kapil

132. Association of Folic Acid, Homocysteine with Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases: Meta-Analysis

138

Rizwana Muzaffar

133. Which Food Security Determinants are Associated with Remoteness in Western Australia?

139

Stephanie Godrich

134. The Ugly Truth of a Beautiful City- Malnutrition in an Urban Slum, India

140

Sneha A. Wankhade

135. Do Men Need Anemia Screening?

141

Hussain Nulwala

136. Complementary Feeding of 6 to 23 Month Olds in China, US and Mexico

142

Liya Denney

COMMUNICABLE DISEASE

137. The Correlation Between Knowledge Level of Cleaning Services about

Mosquito Nest Eradication with the Density and Dissemination Index of Larva Aedes Aegypti in Universitas Indonesia Salemba 2015 Arie Prasetyawan

xxiii

143

138. Differential Survival for Men and Women with HIV/AIDS related Active

144

Antiretroviral Therapy in Central Java Indonesia Sigit Ari Saputro 139. Hepatitis E Outbreak in Urban Population of Batala, Punjab, India, 2016 – A

145

Challenge to Public Water Supply System Satish Kumar

140. Knowledge and Practices Regarding Preventive Measures of Dengue Fever among Hospitalized Patients in Infectious Disease Hospital, Sri Lanka

146

J.A.A.U. Jayasinghe

141. Effectiveness of Health Education Society of Knowledge and Attitudes in Disease Prevention Efforts Tuberculosis at Desa Biru Kecamatan Majalaya Kabupaten Bandung 2016

147

Aditiya Puspanegara

142. Reconsidering Malaria Elimination Program 2030 in Indonesia's Context

148

Kristian Wongso Giamto

143. Zero-Inflated Poisson Model to Identify Risk Factors of Human Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever in Pakistan

149

Tariq Abbas

144. Development and Evaluation of HIV/AIDS Literacy Scale for Iranians (HALSI)

150

Mohsen Shams

145. Community Participation to Improving Compliance Therapy TB MDR Patients in Jember, Indonesia

151

Prasetyowati Irma

POSTER PRESENTATIONS

146. Trends in Proportion of Indications for Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

in Taiwan—A Country with National Health Insurance Scheme Hsin Min

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155

147. Maternal and Child Health, Immunization Association between Fertility Decline and Child Health Care in India

156

Pushpendra Kumar 148. The Effect of Work Transition on Mental Health of Middle-Aged and Older

157

Adults：8 Years Follow up Study Yan-Ping

149. The Relationships of Nursing Stuffing, Burnout and Pressure Sores in Different Hospitals and Units: A Multilevel Analysis

158

Li-Ting Kuo

150. A Study on the Demand of Psychological Counseling of Infertile Women in Korea

159

Lee Hee-Myung

151. Mass Rapid Transit Jakarta to Reduce the Prevalence of Non-Communicable Disease

160

Wismoyo Nugraha Putra

152. Availability and Accessibility to the Health Services at Grass Root Level: Experience from Bangladesh

161

Md. Tarek Hossain and Sharmin Khan Luies

153. Self-Reporting by Mothers in Childhood Diarrhea is Equally Good Compared to Community Health Volunteers’ Reported Data for Calculating Incidence and Prevalence– An Experience of Save the Children Implemented ‘Stop Diarrhea Initiative’ in India

162

Farhad Ali

154. ‘Doing’ Masculinity in Male Nurses in Academic and Clinic Nursing: A Qualitative Meta-Synthesis

163

Hui-Chen Tseng

155. The Influence of Korea Married Nurses’ Work-Family Spillover on Mental Health

164

Sung-Kuk Kim

156. Difference Between Income Inequality and Self-Perceived Health in Korea

165

Tae-Young Kim

157. Active Ageing and Health: Long-Term Effects of Elder Caregivers and Child Caregivers on Well-Being Wan-Chen xxv

166

VIRTUAL PRESENTATIONS

158. Equality in Education; Analyzing of Educational and Legislative Policies

169

relating to Physically Disabled Children in Sri Lanka Niluka Damayanthi 159. Relationship between Work Performance and Health Related Fitness in

170

Private Company Employee Ijan Aprijana, Riza Adriyani and Lia Siti Camelia

160. Mental Health Services in Protracted Armed Conflict Area of Manipur, India: Understanding the Challenges for Policy Makers

171

Prashant Kesharvani and Kalpana Sarathy 161. Maternal Mortality as a Millennium Development Goal of the United

172

Nations: A Systematic Assessment and Analysis of Available Data in Threshold Countries Using Indonesia as Example Evelyn Reinke, Upi Supriyatiningsih and Jörg Haier

162. Socio-Demographic Risk Factors of Postpartum Depression among Parents of Newborns in Colombo

173

Lasara Kariyawasam and Hansini Gunasekara

163. A Descriptive Study on Knowledge and Attitudes Regarding Neonatal Care and Associated Factors among Antenatal Mothers in a Teaching Hospital, Sri Lanka

174

A.M.N.T Bandara and A.A.T.D Amarasekara

164. Protection of Human Rights of People Living With HIV/AIDS in Sri Lanka; Special Reference to the International Standards

175

H.N.D. Gamalath

165. Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act: A Boon or a Bane for a Woman in India- A Critical Analysis

176

Pyali Chatterjee

166. Community Based Child Health Program Evaluation: Early Initiation of Breastfeeding among the Deprived Population in Rural Niger Naoko Horii

xxvi

177

167. Review of Vitamins

178

B. Tharshika

168. Return on Investment Model for Clinical Decision Support System

179

Tudawe Dantanarayana Gilmini Geethika

169. Completing Medical Record in the Hospital: Whether Medical Doctors Do It Voluntarily or Because of an Obligation

180

Ernawaty

170. Fulfilment Efforts of Medical Doctor Specialist of C Class General Hospital in Remote Areas. Case Studies : Haji Abdoel Madjid Batoe General Hospital

181

Indriya Purnamasari

171. Health Related Quality of Life and Perceived Quality of Health Care among People with Physical Disabilities in Bangladesh

182

Sarita Verma

172. Transgender Community and Health Care Issues in India: A Critical Study

183

Nimisha Mishra

173. Critical Account on Policy Context of Perinatal Survival in Nepal

184

Mohan Paudel

174. Impacts of Socio-Economic Factors: Chronic Kidney Disease of Uncertain Aetiology in North Central Province in Sri Lanka Shanika Jayasinghe

xxvii

185

xxviii

The 2nd International Conference on Public Health (ICOPH 2016)

KEYNOTE SPEECH

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ABORTIONS - A PUBLIC HEALTH ISSUE. WHAT SHOULD BE OUR RESPONSE? Professor Dr. Ravindran Jegasothy FRCOG Dean, Faculty of Medicine, MAHSA University, Malaysia Of the 46 million abortions that take place each year worldwide, 20 million are considered unsafe, resulting in roughly 70 000 deaths and hundreds of thousands of disabilities. Almost all (95%) occur in developing countries. Asia has the largest total number of unsafe abortions (roughly 10 million) and the highest number of deaths from unsafe abortions (34 000) per year. Women across the reproductive age span experience abortions. Most women who seek abortion are married women, trying to limit their family size or space births because of economic difficulties or other reasons. Safe motherhood and reproductive health services are closely linked to several basic human rights, including the fundamental right to life, as well as the rights to high quality health care, nondiscrimination and reproductive self- determination. A number of important international policies and commitments acknowledge these rights. Three studies were carried out in Malaysia on the issue of abortions with funding from the World Health Organisation. In a study on medical officers, over 80% of doctors (respondents) have some understanding of abortion including what is a safe medical procedure, but have limited knowledge on contraceptive prevalence rate, abortion methods and their associated risks of complications. Slightly more than one third of the doctors were able to identify the preferred methods for first-trimester and second trimester abortion. Over 80% of doctors knew that abortion is legal under certain circumstances, but majority of them either did not know or were unsure about whether abortion is allowed in case of rape or foetal abnormalities. Most of the medical officers were conventional and “pro-life” in their attitudes towards sexuality and abortion. Majority of them either remained neutral (33%) or would resist (41%) in carrying out abortion under any circumstances when it is against their personal religious beliefs. In a study on medical students, about 70% of were aware on what was a safe abortion procedure, but less than one quarter were aware that CPR for modern methods in Malaysia is less than 40%. Generally students from the private university had a higher level of awareness on abortion issues and contraception as compared to those from the public universities. 60% of them were aware that abortion is permissible under certain conditions, while 22% were of the view that abortion is illegal under all circumstances in Malaysia. More than 80% were of the view that foetus has the right to live (pro-life). About 22% approved of pre-marital sex, majority stated that sex education (including contraceptive information) should be introduced in school. When women were surveyed in a qualitative study, the majority of the respondents have poor knowledge of SRH: inadequate contraception information (OC pills and IUCD are most commonly known); unaware of the early signs of pregnancy; not knowing complications of abortion; access to related knowledge and service provision was lacking. Most of them viewed abortion as a sin and religiously unacceptable and that abortion is illegal, there are mixed reactions of post-abortion emotions (relief/regret).

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These studies emphasise that at the national level, laws and policies are an important tool for assuring the provision of quality services, whether for safe abortion, post-abortion care or contraceptive provision. Myths that hinder women’s ability to abortion such as that the incidence of abortion will be lower if abortion is illegal or that abortion will no longer occur if women have access to family planning should be addressed and post-abortion care should always be offered. The women had little knowledge of the procedures or of the laws governing abortions in Malaysia even though they knew it is commonly practiced from hearsay. Their own experience of rejections and negative attitudes by doctors and nurses to their abortion requests both from the public and private sector suggested to them that abortions are probably illegal. There is no shortcut to success (avoid shortcuts). There must be system changes for sustainable progress. Any health system for access to abortions must be benchmarked against established systems and best practices. Competency must be emphasised to ensure skilled care for delivering abortions. There must be documentation of every instance of progress. All interventions must be evidenced based. Frank explanations must be provided to policy makers regarding the public health issues arising from abortions. Widely disseminated guidelines served to spread the message. There is an A-G for converting unsafe abortions into safe abortions.

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ORAL PRESENTATIONS

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[01] HEALTH CARE NEEDS AND SERVICES AVAILABLE FOR ELDERS IN THE BATTICALOA DISTRICT Arulanandem, K1, Jayawickramarajah, P.T, Ramanayake, R.P.J.C2, Hettige, S and Kisokanth, G3 1

Department of Primary Health Care, Faculty of Health Care Sciences, Eastern University, Sri Lanka 2 Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka 3 Department of Supplementary Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Care Sciences, Eastern University, Sri Lanka

ABSTRACT The global and national ageing population has led to much health, social and economic concerns. The study was aimed at addressing the health care needs of elders and assessing the availability of health, social services in Batticaloa district. This community based cross sectional descriptive study was conducted among 845 elders selected by proportionate random sampling and interviewer administrated questionnaire was used. Seventy eight percentages were in the young old category and two thirds of elders were from rural residences whereas 77% were in poor socio economic status. The identified chronic medical problems were hypertension (39%), muscular skeletal problems (32%), bronchial asthma (18%) and diabetes mellitus (17%). Further, impairments in visual (64%), hearing (23%) and mobility (16%) were found. Eighty eight percentages elders sought medical attention for their acute conditions at Outpatient department at government while around 50% had followed their clinics for chronic conditions. The health services in Batticaloa District lacked geriatric services and elders were not treated as a special group and not provided with separate ward/unit, other infrastructure facilities and geriatric healthcare professionals. Though, National Secretariats for Elders, Social Ministry had launched many programmes, most of the elders were unaware and not benefitted much. The healthcare problems, health and social services for elders were not adequately met. Strengthening primary care within existing national health system is needed for improvement of their wellbeing. Initiating a pragmatic caring system through multi sectoral partnerships of intergovernmental, nongovernmental, private-sector and voluntary organizations in the district is much anticipated. Keywords: elders, health care, social services

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[02] GLOBAL SEX SELECTION TECHNIQUES: SOCIAL ISSUES AND HARMFUL EFFECTS Rai, P1, Neogi, S.B2 and Ganguli, A3 1, 2, 3

Indian Institute of Public Health, Public Health Foundation of India, India

ABSTRACT With the increasing wish of couples to choose the gender of their offspring and limit the family size, more scientific sex selection methods and techniques have evolved over time, enhancing the existing sex ratio disproportion in developing countries like India. We sought to explore the different methods of sex selection, both primitive (natural and traditional) and advanced forms available around the world, their underlying principles, timing of use, cost comparison, success rates and usage pattern. The studies include Shettles technique, Whelan method, pre-conception diet and gender selection kits like GenSelect and Smart Stork that broadly rely on the theory of timing of intercourse, vaginal environment, selective diet and nutraceuticals. More advanced methods included Ericsson’s method, Microsort, Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis and Urobiologics PreGender test which employ screening and selection of desired chromosome sperm followed by in vitro fertilization, and analyzing urine sample to identify the alternating pattern of the hormonal environment. Traditional postconception methods employed include consumption of indigenously prepared formulations sold as ‘sex selection’ drugs. Side effects of any such sex selection techniques may include vaginal infections, hyperstimulation syndrome, multiple pregnancies, congenitally malformed delivery and still births. Although being used worldwide, the targeted markets for these techniques have been reported to be in developing nations like India, where the birth of a son is desired. The enormous publicity of such gender selection techniques mandates urgent intervention in view of the social harm for instance, women trafficking for forced and inter-country marriages, unwarranted gender bias and diversion of medical resources from genuine medical need, leading to an imbalanced sex ratio nationwide as well as globally. Keywords: sex selection/ gender selection, Shettles technique/ sperm sorting, gender planning services, prenatal/ preconception/ post-pregnancy, sex selection drugs

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[03] COMMUNITY BASED INTERVENTION FOR WIDOWS OF SILVER AGE Maduwage, S Elderly & Disability Unit, Ministry of Health, Colombo, Sri Lanka ABSTRACT Background: In Sri Lanka elderly population is increasing rapidly. More elderly women are living than males in the country. Purpose of study: To identify reasons affected for active healthy ageing and an intervention to promote wellbeing. Methodology: Gampaha Medical Officer of Health area was selected for the study. Focus group discussions (FGD) to identify problems among widows. Total of six FDG were held three per each of elderly widows who are getting monthly pension and widows who are not getting monthly pension. Participants for each group included 08-12 elderly widows. Based on the identified reasons in FGDs an intervention was designed. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria 36 elderly widows without pension for the intervention group (IG) and 35 for the control group (CG) were participated. Four educational sessions to promote active ageing concept were held for the IG and four general health sessions were held for the CG. Pre and posttest were done using an interviewer administered questionnaire. Major Results: Both groups did not have emotional support and sharing. Economic issues were more among widows with non-pensions. Getting legal advices, poor preparedness to face old age, ill treatment by daughter-in-law, poor relationship with younger generation were highlighted. Poor social contacts, isolation, problems in maintaining dignity were some other problems they had. A statistically significant increase in post intervention in developing relationships with youth, & family members, social contacts, leisure time activities, sharing of own feelings . The differences between pre-post values for any of the above were not statistically significant in CG Implications: Community based interventions are useful for Elderly widows. Keywords: community based interventions, elderly widows

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[04] THE LEVEL OF COGNITION IS SIGNIFICANTLY ASSOCIATED WITH THE QUALITY OF LIFE IN A SAMPLE OF PHYSICALLY INDEPENDENT INSTITUTIONALIZED ELDERLY PEOPLE IN GALLE DISTRICT Gamage, M.W.K1, Hewage, D.C2 and Pathirana, K.D3 1

Faculty of Medicine, University of Ruhuna, Sri Lanka Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka 3 Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ruhuna, Sri Lanka 2

ABSTRACT The number of institutionalized elderly people has been increasing in Sri Lanka as a result of population ageing. Elderly people under the institutional care will not receive that much of personnel attention and care when compared with care from family members at home. Therefore cognitive functions will be increasingly important for them for independent living. This study was conducted to assess the association between cognition and quality of life (QOL) in a sample of elderly people. Study was conducted with 180 institutionalized elderly people in Galle District. The cognition was assessed via MMSE (Mini mental state examination) and QOL (Quality of Life) was assessed via WHOQOL-BREF (WHO quality of life-BREF). Correlation was assessed through spearmen correlation coefficient (r) and significant level was kept at p 20 years of age. Greater proportions of anemic women were from the non-sedentary groups than the sedentary. Both mild and moderate anemia were more among Primigravid women with >40 gestational week. Conclusion: Understanding the extent and severity of anemia among pregnant women is essential to the development and implementation of effective anemia control for the normal delivery and healthy baby in Nepal Keywords: anemia, primigravid women

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[121] THE DIFFERENCES INFLUENCE OF COOPERATIVE LEARNING BETWEEN JIGSAW AND GROUP INVESTIGATION METHOD WITH SCIENTIFIC ATTITUDE TOWARDS MIDWIFERY STUDENTS’ LEARNING OUTCOME Kostania, G Midwifery Program, Health Polytechnic of Surakarta, Indonesia

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of cooperative learning between Jigsaw and Group Investigation method with scientific attitude towards midwifery students’ learning outcome. It’s a quasi-experimental research design, by testing Jigsaw and Group Investigation method with scientific attitude, by comparing two groups. Samples were 45 and 46 of Midwifery student, the analysis using varian-analysis. The passing rate of Jigsaw as many as (80%), and Group Investigation as many as (87%). The average rate of Group Investigation as many as 76.43, Jigsaw as many as 72.20. By analizing using ANOVA, there is an influence in students’ learning outcome (p-value 0.042 ≤ 0.05). The p-value for students' scientific attitude toward the student learning outcome is 0.004 ≤ 0.05. Analysis of interaction between Jigsaw and Group Investigation, and the scientific attitude of students toward the student learning outcome, has p-value as many as 0.491 ≥ 0.05. Cooperative learning methods (Jigsaw and Group Investigation) are influenced in increasing students’ learning outcome. Group Investigation method is more influential in increasing student learning outcome than Jigsaw method. Students’ scientific attitudes affects students’ learning outcome. Cooperative learning methods and scientific attitude does not interact on the results of learning outcome. This research could be a consideration in arranging the preparation of learning as a strategy in order to reach high score of student learning outcome, with being driven by high scientific attitude in each of learning process. So, there is high spirit of learning in Midwifery subjects. Keywords: cooperative learning, jigsaw, group investigation, the scientific attitude, learning outcome

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[122]

FACTORS THAT CONTRIBUTE TO PUBLIC SECTOR NURSES’ TURNOVER IN LIMPOPO PROVINCE OF SOUTH AFRICA Tshitangano, T.G Department of Public Health, University of Venda, South Africa

ABSTRACT Background: The ongoing worldwide phenomenon of a shortage of about 4.3 million nurses and midwives poses a threat to health service delivery. Limpopo province had the worst nurse shortage of over 60% in 2010. Authors attribute this shortage to turnover of nurses. The quest to describe factors contributing to nurses’ turnover led to this study in Limpopo province, South Africa. Objectives: To explore and describe factors that contribute to nurses’ turnover in Limpopo province of South Africa by assessing public sector nurses’ job satisfaction in relation to common determinants of job satisfaction. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional approach used primary quantitative data collected from 141 of 380 respondents (31.1% response rate) contacted incidentally. Self-administered hand-delivered questionnaires were used to gather ordinal data, which were analysed in terms of frequency and percentage tables using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 6. The sum of positive and negative effects was used to determine satisfaction; if positive effects were greater than negative effects respondents were judged to be satisfied and vice versa. Results: Frequency and percentage tables revealed that nurses in Limpopo province were more dissatisfied (53.9%) than satisfied (37.8%) with their jobs. Factors which respondents were found to be dissatisfied with included staffing (85.2%), availability of workplace resources (83.7%), salaries (78.8%), workplace safety (73.7%), career development opportunities (64.5%) and hours of work (47.6%). Conclusion: Nurses’ turnover is attributed to nurses’ dissatisfaction with staffing, resources, salaries and workplace safety. Attention needs to be given to these specific issues if retention of nurses is to be achieved. Keywords: public sector, nurses, turnover, job satisfaction, determinants

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[123] A STUDY IN IMPROVING MICRONUTRIENT STATUS OF COMMUNITIES USING CRYSTAL SALT ENRICHED WITH MULTIPLE MICRONUTRIENTS Kumar, M.V1 and Erhardt, J, G2 1

2

Sundar Serendipity Foundation, India VitMin lab, Kastanienweg 5, Willstaett, Germany

ABSTRACT Aim: To combat micronutrient deficiencies using a multiple micronutrient fortified crystal salt enriched with Iron, iodine, Vitamin B12, folic acid and zinc. Methods: A Randomized controlled study on children aged 5 to 17 years and all the women, with the households in the experimental villages (N=117) being provided the fortified salt and no intervention in the control villages (N=95) for 8 months. The tests done were hemoglobin, serum ferritin, soluble transferrin receptor, AGP, CRP, urinary iodine and serum zinc. Results: In the experimental group Hemoglobin increased significantly by 1.05gms/dL, serum Zinc by 12.23μg/dL, Serum ferritin by 6.97μg/L, Body Iron stores by 0.73mg/kg body weight and there was a significant decrease in the prevalence of anaemia from 67.5% to 29.1% and zinc deficiency from 32.7% to 12.4%. Conclusion: The multiple micronutrient crystal salt was efficacious in decreasing multiple micronutrient deficiencies. Keywords: multiple micronutrient fortified salt, micronutrient deficiencies, biochemical assessment, women and children, India

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[124] DIETARY INTAKE PATTERN OF TYPE 2 DIABETIC PATIENTS Gunawardena, H.P1, 2, Silva, K.D.R.R1 and Sivakanesan, R3 1

Department of Applied Nutrition, Faculty of Livestock, Fisheries & Nutrition, Wayamba University of Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka 2 Postgraduate Institute of Science, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka 3 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka

ABSTRACT Comprehensive studying and understanding of dietary pattern would aid in developing specific dietary interventions to manage the diabetes. Therefore the present study was conducted to assess the dietary intake pattern of type 2 diabetic patients (T2DM). Seventy nine T2DM were recruited. Their dietary intake was assessed using five day diet diary. Dietary intake was analyzed using Food base 2000 software consists of Sri Lankan food composition data. Average total dietary energy intake of the subjects was 1536 kcal. Energy from carbohydrates, proteins and fats were 62%, 11% and 26%, respectively. Intake of SFA, MUFA and PUFA was 53%, 18% and 23%, respectively. Ninety two percent of diabetics obtained dietary energy from carbohydrate more than the recommendation (55%). Twenty four percent of diabetics consumed high number of servings of cereal group. Major carbohydrate sources of diabetics were rice, rice products, yams and wheat flour products. Major dietary fat sources were coconut milk and coconut oil. Vegetable and fruit consumption was very low. Nearly 90% of the diabetics have not met the recommended daily servings of vegetables and fruits. Major dietary sources of protein were pulses, fish, dry fish and eggs. Daily milk and milk products consumption was 5mIU/L were found in 55.3 (USN), 76.4 (N) and 72.8 (PG) percent of neonates. Conclusion: UIC level in PMs and TSH levels amongst neonates indicates prevalence of ID in three districts surveyed.

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[132] ASSOCIATION OF FOLIC ACID, HOMOCYSTEINE WITH RISK OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES: META-ANALYSIS Muzaffar, R1, 2, Khan, M.A1, 4, Nasir, M3, Ali, M.A2, 3 and Mushtaq, M.H1 1

2

Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University of Lahore, Pakistan University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, University of Lahore, Pakistan 3 Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, UVAS, Pakistan 4 University Institute of Public Health, University of Lahore, Pakistan

ABSTRACT Background: Folic acid intake has been advocated to have protective effect against homocysteine level in blood. Numerous epidemiologic studies showed the homocysteine level is consider a warning of cardiovascular disease. However results have been inconsistence. Methods and Results: Data sources were MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library of Medicine, contact with investigators, and reference lists of studies, without language restrictions. We included metaanalysis studies published since 1970-2015. After reviewing total 1291 abstracts, we included 8 metaanalysis studies related to homocystine and cardiovascular diseases and 10 meta-analysis studies related to folic acid and homocysteine. The primary outcome was the incidence of cardiovascular diseases with elevated level of homocystine, furthermore we evaluate the low level of folic acid help to promote the homocysteine in blood. All published risk estimate were analyzed by meta-analysis using a fixed-effect and random-effect model. The pooled estimate of relative risk of association of low level of folic acid with homocystine and (RR: 1.20, 95% CI: 1.04-1.31) in random effect and (RR: 1.02, 95% CI: 1.00-1.04) in fixed effect and (p=0.000). Furthermore, the association of homocysteine with cardiovascular diseases in random effect (RR: 1.43, 95% CI: 1.22-1.65) and (RR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.05-1.22) is in fixed effect and (p=0.000) Conclusions: folic acid significantly contributing to increase the level of homocysteine in blood on the other hand homocysteine is potential biomarker for cardiovascular diseases.

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[133] WHICH FOOD SECURITY DETERMINANTS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH REMOTENESS IN WESTERN AUSTRALIA? Godrich, S1, Lo, J2, Davies, C3, Darby, J4 and Devine, A5 1,2,4,5

Edith Cowan University, Western Australia, Australia 3 The University of Western Australia, Australia

ABSTRACT This study aimed to contribute to the sparse evidence base regarding food security in regional and remote Western Australia (WA), by exploring which food security determinants were associated with remoteness. Pictorial surveys were conducted with caregiver-child dyads (n=257) across WA. Questions explored fruit and vegetable consumption, habits, as well as the food security dimensions of food supply, access to food and utilisation of food (Food and Agriculture Organisation, 2006). Participants were from across WA regions (Department of Regional Development, 2014) and degrees of remoteness (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2014). Data analyses including Chi-Square tests were conducted using IBM SPSS (version 23). A number of food security determinants were significantly associated with remoteness; Remote WA caregivers were more likely to indicate they would eat healthier food if food outlets in their community offered healthier options (53.7% vs. 21.6%, p