Integral Perspective on Development of Creative ...

24 downloads 0 Views 2MB Size Report
Psychological Development of Creative Adolescents through the Theory of Positive Disintegration. Krystyna Laycraft, Ph.D. The Center for CHAOS Studies,.
Psychological Development of Creative Adolescents through the Theory of Positive Disintegration Krystyna Laycraft, Ph.D. The Center for CHAOS Studies, Canada 1th International Scientific Symposium Kazimierz Dabrowski and his Work in Contemporary Psychology Oct. 18-19, 2013, Lublin, Poland

Participants

Process of Interpretation

Integrating “Poem”

Creating Symbolic Reference

“Model of Creativity”

Analyzing Indexical Reference II

“Psychological Development”

Recognizing , Understanding Indexical Reference I

“Developmental Potential” Presenting Iconic Reference

“Life Story”

Me

The Pattern Models of Creativity and Developmental Dynamisms Human Development The Theory of Positive Disintegration (K. Dabrowski)



Complexity Science The Theory of Self-Organization (I. Prigogine)



Theories of Emotions The Psycho-Evolutionary Theory of Emotions (R. Plutchik)



Gifted and Creative People display

Symptoms of increased psychic excitability, nervousness & psychoneuroses cause

create

A condition for a broader, deeper, and more complex pattern of experiences

Inner tensions, internal and external conflicts lead

Development through Positive Disintegration

Theory of Positive Disintegration as a model of Adolescent Development 22

19

Late Adolescence/Young Adulthood Pozna Mlodosc/ Wczesna doroslosc Organized Multilevel Disintegration Dezintegracja zorganizowana Emerging Order

A need for integration (potrzeba zintegrowania) Middle Adolescence (Srodkowa mlodosc) 16

Spontaneous Multilevel Disintegration (Dezintegracja spontaniczna) Chaotic Attractor

A need for differentiation (potrzeba zroznicowania) 13 Early Adolescence (wczesna mlodosc) Unilevel Disintegration (dezintegracja jednopoziomowa) Cycle Attractor

10

(Dabrowski, 1964,1967, 1970, 1972,1973, 1996) (Laycraft, 2011, 2012)

Self-organization The spontaneous emergence of new patterns in complex, dynamic, and open systems (pojawienie sie nowych form)

Irreversible process (Proces nieodwracalny) The need of conditions for far- from-equilibrium (chaotic) states (Potrzeba stanu chaotycznego)

Complexity and orderliness of the system increase as a result of coupling of interacting elements of the system (Prigogine & Stengers, 1984)

The Psycho-Evolutionary Theory Opening a boundary Interest/Anticipation

Zainteresowanie

Gaining

Joy Radosc

Moving toward

Anger Gniew

Acceptance Akceptacja

Rejection Odrzucenie

Fear

Expelling

Sadness Smutek

Taking in

Strach

Surprise Zaskoczenie

Losing

Primary Emotions

Moving away from

Closing a boundary

(Plutchik, 1980)

Emotion System • Is highly sensitive to changes in the internal and external environment • A concrete situation activates a discrete emotion that organizes and motivates behavior • The activated emotion, depending on the context of its situation recruits another emotion • These emotions self-organize into a coherent pattern of interacting emotions

Secondary Emotions during Creative Process Joy Radosc

Love/Friedlinness

Interest Zainteresowanie

Eagerness

Milosc / Przyjazn

Zapal

Acceptance Akceptacja

Curiosity

Interest Zainteresowanie

Resourcefulness

Joy Radosc Interest Zainteresowanie

Ciekawosc

Pomyslowosc

Delight Zachwyt Confusion /Conflict Konflikt

Acceptance Akceptacjac Joy Radosc

Surprise Zaskoczenie Acceptance Akceptacja Surprise Zaskoczenie

Surprise Zaskoczenie

Tertiary Emotions during Creative Processes Interest Zainteresowanie

Enthusiasm Entuzjazm

Acceptance Akceptacja

Joy Radosc Interest Zainteresowanie

Enjoyment of unknown Radosna niepewnosc

Surprise Zdziwienie

Joy Radosc

Acceptance Akceptacja

Open Mindness Wyzwanie/Otwartosc

Interest Zainteresowanie

Surprise Zdziwienie

Acceptance Akceptacja

Attraction Atrakcyjnosc Surprise Zdziwienie

Joy Radosc

The Unilevel Disintegration - Cycle Attractor Pattern Model of Depression Moving away

Moving toward

Anger

Fear

Contempt Pogarda

“I always was scared what I would do when I was having suicidal thoughts. Then I had to go to talk to my mom…

Embarrassment Zaklopotanie

Loneliness Sadness

Rejection Expelling

Samotnosc

Losing

(They feel different, weird, rejected, lonely, disconnected, unworthy, & depressed.)

Transition to the Higher Level Bifurcation from Cycle to Chaotic attractor Taking in

acceptance

Love/Friendliness Milosc/Przyjazn

joy

Resourcefulness Pomyslowosc optimism

Interest Opening a boundary

Gaining A need for differentiation

Transition Przejscie “…It got me out of my shell and I was able to prove who I am.” (S.) “Students here embrace strangeness. If you are different, it’s not bad things, it’s good because you have something different to offer.”(A.)

The Spontaneous Multilevel Disintegration – Chaotic Attractor Dynamisms Astonishment with oneself Zdziwienie w stosunku do siebie Opening a boundary Closing a boundary

anticipation

conflict

surprise

“I don’t know what is going with me…” “Nie wiem co dzieje sie ze mna.”

Disquietude with oneself Zaniepokojenie sie soba

anticipation Anxiety Niepokoj

conflict fear Moving away

“I know that whatever it is, it’s not good…”

surprise

Alarm/Awe Trwoga

Transition from Spontaneous into Organized Multilevel Disintegration Creative Dynamisms I A need for integration

Curiosity

Taking in

Ciekawosc

Closing a boundary

surprise

acceptance Resourcefulness

Love

Pomyslowosc

Pasja

conflict

Delight Zachwyt

interest Opening a boundary

Enthusiasm

joy Gaining

“I feel that it is something that I love doing, that I am passionate about…” (K.)

The Organized Multilevel Disintegration –Emerging Order “Subject-Object” in oneself “Podmiot-przedmiot” w sobie sadness joy Delight

Optimism Enthusiasm

Opening a boundary

Zachwyt

Rozczarowanie

surprise

anticipation

Curiosity

Resourcefulness Pomyslowosc

Disappointment

Ciekawosc

acceptance

“…My frustration leads me to be persisting and trying again. I find that I have to be more patient to myself..” (K.) “…I begin to understand what I was going through and coping with it by reversing a little bit because I am not so bad anymore.” (S.)

The Organized Multilevel Disintegration – Emerging Order Creative Dynamisms II love joy

acceptance 4. curiosity

satisfaction surprise

4.

4. Love

Love curiosity

love

Acceptance Akceptacja Resourcefulness Pomyslowosc

3.

2. conflict

delight Joy Radosc

1. Interest Zainteresowanie

Eagerness Zapal/ Gotowosc

The Organized Multilevel Disintegration – Emerging Order

Tertiary Emotions Open a boundary

1.

Taking in

acceptance

anticipation

“If I don’t enjoy the process and leads me into ego direction, I don’t want to do.”

joy Open a boundary

2.

Gaining

anticipation

3.

anticipation

surprise

 Open-mindedness Wyzwanie/Otwartosc

“I came to the realization that all art is the process… It’s more in what state you are in when you are making it…”

joy acceptance

 Enjoyment of unknown Radosna niepewnosc

“I challenge myself… It’s interesting process, dealing with the unknown.”

surprise acceptance

4.

Closing a boundary

surprise joy

=>Enthusiasm

 Attraction Atrakcyjnosc

“It’s coming from me and through my hands… It’s like ego disappears if you are doing right... It’s like meditation making art….

• Multiple occurrence of complex emotions or emotion-cognitive sequences may lead to the stabilization and formation of self-identity or traits of personality of young people • Creativity helps them grow into resourceful, optimistic, sanguine, open-minded, confident, and prideful human being • Their positive experiences during adolescence stimulate the healthy development of brain and body, great social skills, highly developed cognitive abilities, and emotional and spiritual development

References  Dabrowski, K. (1964). Positive disintegration. Boston: Little, Brown and Company.  Dabrowski, K. (1967). Personality shaping through positive disintegration. Boston: Little, Brown & Company.  D abrowski, K., Kawczak, A. & Piechowski, M. (1970). Mental growth through positive disintegration. London: Gryf Publication Ltd.  Dabrowski, K. (1972). Psychoneurosis is not an illness. London: Gryf Publications Ltd.  Dabrowski, K. (1973). The dynamics of concepts. London: Gryf Publications Ltd.  Dabrowski, K. (1996). Mutlilevelness of emotional and instinctive functions. Lublin: Towarzystwo Naukowe Katolickiego Uniwersytetu Lubelskiego.  Laycraft, K. (2011). Theory of positive disintegration as a model of adolescent development. Nonlinear Dynamics, Psychology, and Life Sciences, Vol. 15, No.1, pp. 29-52.  Laycraft, K. (2012). The development of creativity: The study of adolescents and young adults. Ph.D. dissertation  Plutchik, R. (1980). Emotion. A psychoevolutionary synthesis. New York, Cambridge, Philadelphia, San Francisco, London, Mexico City, Sao Paulo, Sydney: Harper & Row, Publishers  Prigogine, I. & Stengers, I. (1984).Order out of chaos. Toronto, New York, London, Sydney: Bantam Books.

www.krystyna-laycraft.com www.chaosstudies.com