Interaction Design for Ubiquitous Computing

New textile materials • Intelligent textiles? • Smart textiles? • Functional textiles? • Active textiles? • Textiles with dynamic properties?

Electronic materials • • • • • •

Actuators Sensors Computational devices Communication Power (generation, storage) Connectors

• All of these can be more or less integrated into textile materials

Non-electronic active textiles • Cyclodextrine, microencapsulation

• Antibacterial coatings (e.g. proteins) • Curtains with one-way viewing

Phase-Change Materials (PCM) For extreme temperature conditions Can be microencapsulated and coated onto textiles

Everything can be an I/O device • Potentially, all surfaces can be used as displays and/or sensing devices for computers • Including textiles…

Computer displays everywhere • Most displays have been optimized for hi-res graphics and text

Electroluminescense • EL-wire • EL-sheets • Typically used for backlighting of LCDs • Emits light in itself

Chromic materials, dynamic colors • Thermochromic • Photochromic • Electrochromic • Does not emit light in itself

ProxT

By Anders Öhlund and Björn Sarnold

By Linda Melin

Rubella

Termocromic screenprint

Heatelement applicated behind fabric printed with termocromicpaint

Adding computer-controlled motion to textiles • Integrate microactuators into the textile material • E.g. shape-memory alloys (SMA), mainly used for medical applications • Affect the acoustic properties of a room with dynamic textiles • Micro- and macrolevel physical movement • Static electricity, MEMS...?

Mute • dynamic sound absorbing textiles that clearly change expression and acoustic properties of an environment. • these properties can also be used to represent information and create new awareness of sound or other local activity. • By Margareta Zetterblom & PLAY

Tactile feedback/attention

Together with Arméns markstridsskola and FMV Master work by Johan Andersson and Annika Lundberg

Sensors • Discrete eletronics vs. Integrated into textiles – Add-on vs. Add-in

• Biophysical monitoring – Lots of sensors

• Force, elongation – Conductive elastomers

• Capacitive proximity sensors • Etc..

Physiological monitoring • Immediate sensing – Pulse – Heart rate – ECG – Fall detection

• Long-term monitoring – Early signs of e.g. Parkinsons – Time for walking stairs etc… – Accelerometers

Pulse & Breating rate from PVDF

Wealthy (EU Project)

Energy generation • Batteries of course • Mechanical energy (footsteps etc) • Thermal energy, Seebeck effect • Light energy, Photovoltaic effect (photo cells)

Heel-Strike Generator Using Electrostrictive Polymers (SRI)

Thermoelectric power generator Temperature differance induces electric current (Seebeck effect) Using e.g. body heat to gerenate electric energy Wristwatch, belt, shirt buttons…

Really integrated electronics • ”Textile transistors” on yarns and fibers (e.g. FiCom, Arianne) • Passive components – E.g. inductors

• Electronic matrix for e.g. displays – Electroluminescent – Thermochromic – Electrochormic – LEDs…

Woven RFID Antenna (A. Neudeck, TITV-Greitz)

Electroluminenscent textiles (A. Neudeck, TITV-Greitz)

Connectors • Electrically conductive Velcro • Conductive sheets • Capacitive coupling • Inductive coupling • Person-area networks • Body-area networks

Weaving with conductiv yarn, carbon and metall wire

The construction

Scalability? • Larger networks and surfaces

Networked surfaces - Pin&Play (Lancaster U.)

Large-scale, self-organizing networks Can be cut in any size and shape Infineon + Vorwerk carpets

Thanks!