Jul 14, 2003 - years to cover t!w entire Pinang River watershed. A linear polynomial r('ctification with a nearesr-!1rigllbour rcsam piing method was employed.
t.'co/. Qui! Enf[ 6 (l), 97-110, 2m:;
97
Feature: Toward river restoration in J=?~t Asia-Pacific Region
CASE STUDY
Application of GIS and remote sensing for measnring and evalnating land-nse change and its impact on water quality in the Pinang River watershed Ahmad Jailani Muhamed YlJNllS*I, Nobukazu NAKAGOSHI' and Ab Latif IBRAHIM"' Ecof. Civil EIlI!. fj(l), 97-110, 2003. 1;' r;mduall! Sdw"/ /iir /nlanallo/Utl f}(I'("!o/Jltiml and CoojJrratiol1, lliroshima {:ml.'i'r,\·l~\', 1- 'J - 1 f(f{jfamiyama, lliJ?
\1&.' ~lJ1d bnd ((,I'er char,t'CC1)Je
pattern"- il\ld land-use cllange,; in 1992 Hl96 ant! 2000, u,;ing ilJ((JI'maliun d>:'ri\wj Imm Land';,(l Thellllllllf'nt ill
indice~
state of \\';ller quality.
wid blld C'Nel" drltlge em phiy
in environmental
the general public. F'or this reason, \vakr qual,
h,J1\dscapt' ,nndili"ns :t;riffith
d~I1i1,
T1lt' .l(oa1 was arhiewd bv RS tcchniq\les Cl1lllet1l 1999:
paramrtcr 'JJepartment of Environment 1994).
Based on thc ,"VQI valut':; range, the water quality is mtt' gorized
:l.~
fn!i(IWS: "Clean" IWQI-,';1.-100), "slightly pol
luted" .:\\'QI -flO-80) and "poll\Tted" (WQl= 0-59 1
Six
watel CjU:llity par:-mwters: dissolwd Qxygen (DO::, pH, bio
ti,m~ in 1996 (lnd 28;) in 2000
unit area).
within the Pi1l' Pl'I' unit area
tri:ll. and c('metery were vVithin the
~tlicly
n:·[la~sified
period. forest n'JnJlllt:d the l:Ilj
,
Public lllilllic,'
I. I"
1
1~""'~"li()nal
:J6.76 ::;,1 L. ::;6 SCi. 74 9.17 70:-;.13
~TI.Jh
~lil1ing
1.7.1
11. :!i'
--'1.(;.'-' !iii. : I :,44. (;4
D, :)7
:},1.47 1. ,I,) 9.02
1'. :-)0
1
I.,
JII, 70
IUl
';2
7::;. -t~ (). :1r;
:lS
D.9S lUI
li,D:': ij,
:,
1.1.11
,
I :,0
,
111·t!.lj7
1
", II,
I I. :,:--,
OJ
W~.-,
I, 17
,
!1 ,1,1
'1
D.2\1
i 1.:;,;
O.7S S.7S
:j
12. Vi I. 17
".23
" 67
12, iiI If, O,7 i l
112
~"'>'I.
,\gricultllral
291.&\ lSil6, :..1 57,j. Ii,'; 0, rH
~ -jO
lH
Iluill-up
:.m, :li-;
: 11\, 71;
12.3-1
,
J(~
:;8,:;,';
71. ,(I D. I,) 3. ,IS ". (;Ii
lD. ]5 -)9.9:'
liliUiu :-:b(I.:)7
1,1:'.S. II'-
fi,(j 1
1,{iS
:-;::'1, ~17
-ccc''c':c'c c- I'dtl h
13.64 .)11-18,27
~7
155
,i
,\n 'Jf
1,I
792
:.~I I
Ar~:1
~:-;I.1J:2
O.
1%.1),1 :!ii. 12 IO,S2 lO73.BS 16S, -1[1 S7.7(i
!S
'.1. 'K; {' . 11'1
S';, ,Iii
,/-j
,
[I I, ;;f)
1,1. 71i
,II. I:-J 1207
h'i
i;1
:.(;.2.1 ..:. '12 ~.
l. 79
I ~ ..)(j
e'.65
] . ,[:?
L. 16 , J9
I,
1. 47
n.67
~19
. ii{:'
O.W 0.16
0.07
I),
11
(1. 03
\ff'-I';l'ch Nwnher
:\1PA-JI,'kan P:lt,h Area
FD-Fr:lctal l)imen~lOn
SDl-Shannon\ Diversity index
SEI-SI",dnrH)ll'" Evenlleo;~ ;nJex
:m';j:; hrin,2 ronveftd to agri'~ultlJr:JI l~nrI IS1,l)i; hal and
110-1;'
ch,mge te, !lw aggravatt river w;Jter qU::Jlity.
built-up areas (41.26 hill. SLb-basins 3 and 'I show enol'·
m(JUs (:hatlK'~ of {qfcst ;tl'eas
tl'
'lgr;cllh.umJ lands from JLJ92
:1 (a:-, six wa(cr
to 200f1. Mon'oVPf tht-'st-' sub-basins arc situated at highly
B
t(J
jt[(·~
The anllual ;weragr le\'e)s of DO r,m,-:e frm\) 0.00 tOJ 8.2 mg
I
54H.r;
t!,2000. A.11 ,t1
~h(lw
low
kvel~
uf [x],
despit[~
tbe fact
Oldwfd adivitie,;
thai WQMS ;) "hows higher le"ds uf anllLl.:t1 mear: DO 1ur 2Un,) 1)';2 mgiI!, which lI1diCl:'!'!l
SCHlIC
sef'1l ill slIfr\)asilJ 4, W]ll'JI' ::;3,]2
Such h~l
Sub-basin:{
shows 8.1:' ba and 15.79 ha uf forest and scrub callsform"d to agricultural
,Lea.
Hl~16
aISi..'
afCClS afC
Ne\wtheles tlO, the river conditions are acceptable for
utilitieo;. De.I!;r;HJed water qllalill',
watcr recreational activities, and for public
ne.c:ativeil' (orrelated with
a~
fore~ted
;,jrea~,
tile three
impoltant in ddennin ll~.;e, ~.crLlb
and IJublic
eXIJeckd, was generally land Lise.
water supply minor purificati0n is required.
The relationship between land use and water quality index.
Conclusion The Impact of built-up ilnd urb;Ln land
Mean annual \vQr values lur 1\'\)2. EI\l6 ,md
~(l[)r\
L1S~';
fr\ r:rirliltu r:d
";-:;9:..'
· ~ l)
1~) 1
· U5'1
, (1 Hi
I~ecreati()nal
,1
171
· (lOi
· ;Ct,1
.x20
,,1%
.3:36
.861 •
"
"
4
Pearson corrl'iatiol1
, ~J76'
• ':l:1(]'
"iig-. (1-tailed)
.ICoI
.035
.030
,1
,
.IXii
Pearson correlation
"::llS
· 97:)'
Sig (]-tailed ,I
.61'12
· ()]J
Li7
1
4
5
.2ID
· fjO:!
.260
.717
I (I~I
.336
1
-1
C
f'tar~'Jll
(oITE'lation
Sig. (l-tni'lrJ.
m,l\- not be effective in \\;Jtcr
TIle' findin;;:< n'inforct t)1I' IV'liun tJwt
man;lJ!emelll "f poinl ,Inl! Ilon-point :t;]llv !lS: :;~l:-;-4(H L. L, & Wiley IV1. J h~tWf'''ll land use / cuv~r and
U~b"rn~
(19NN) Empirit'li(~11 I '1'C"'e~,,~" \kyer, W. It &: TUl'lIn
[I. [\
L
14, H67 -1'IJ;'j, ': 1991,' Changes in l.and-uS!:'
and land c'(l\W: A Glob;i1 I'"r'~pe,'tlv" C;Jll1bridgf' UniversilY l'r~~". C;lmbridgp.
J
(l1I1\[I',d \,'a1l'r~hed, Joumdl of Envinlll1llelll;,l \bn