Backwards test from the Wechsler Memory Scale. ⢠DSB-S: Longest ... Instrumental Activities of Daily Living ... of everyday activities using the Bayer Instrumental.
Alzheimer's genetic and environmental/lifestyle risk scores are differentially associated with latent phenotypes of general cognitive ability (g) and dementia severity (d) Shea J. Andrews1,2, G. Peggy McFall3, Roger A. Dixon3, Nicolas Cherbuin1, Ranmalee Eramudugolla1 & Kaarin J. Anstey5 1Centre
for Research on Ageing, Health and Wellbeing, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia, 2Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA, 3Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute and Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada 5School of Psychology, University of New South Wales and Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia
Introduction
Results
Risk assessment tools are a key component of dementia prevention. In Alzheimer’s disease (AD) such tools can help identify at-risk individuals in the long preclinical phase. Early detection of at-risk individuals or groups may have significant utility in prevention. It is important to evaluate and compare the sensitivity of AD risk assessment tools for detecting early dementia-related cognitive disturbance and distinguishing it from normal cognitive change. Anstey et al. [1] developed a self-report risk measure assessing future risk of AD, the Australian National University Alzheimer's Disease Risk Index (ANU-ADRI), using an evidence-based approach that identifies and extracts the effect size of eleven risk and four protective factors from the literature and combined them into a summary score. • The ANU-ADRI has been externally validated in three cohorts of older adults, and was found to be predictive of AD and dementia [4]. • A higher ANU-ADRI score is associated with an increased risk of progressing to mild cognitive impairment [2]. • It predicts lower brain volumes in the default mode network [3] Here we examine the association between the ANU-ADRI and an AD genetic risk score (GRS) with three models of cognitive performance: 1. General cognitive ability (g); 2. Dementia-related variance in cognitive task performance (d) from variance unrelated to dementia processes (g’) 3. Cognitive domains for verbal ability, episodic memory, executive function and processing speed.
0.01
g
Wave 1 1999-2002
Wave 2 2003-2006
Wave 3 2007-2010
Wave 4 2011-2015
60-64 years 64-68 years 68-72 years 72-76 years n=2551 n=2222 n=1973 n=1645 P rate= 59% R rate= 87% R rate= 89% R rate= 83% Figure 1: Samples size, participation and retention rate (P & R rate) for each cohort and wave in the PATH study. Wave 1 participation rate is from the random sampling. R rate at waves 2, 3 and 4 is the percentage of participants retained from wave to wave.
• Participants were excluded if they were not of European ancestry, had dementia, MCI, MMSE ≤ 24, missing genetic data, a self-reported history of stroke, transient ischemic attack, epilepsy, brain tumours, or brain infection. • This left a final sample of 1,061 ANU-ADRI We used 12 of 15 ANU-ADRI items in this analysis. • Age & gender (Male
