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SERIES EDITORIAL
MEETING THE BANDWIDTH DEMAND CHALLENGE: TECHNOLOGIES AND NETWORK ARCHITECTURAL OPTIONS
Osman S. Gebizlioglu
I
Hideo Kuwahara
n this month’s Optical Communications Series (OCS), we have selected contributions addressing developments that are needed toward meeting the continuing growth in bandwidth demand. As the global economy’s recovery continues, telecommunications service providers and suppliers compete to announce initiatives addressing the current pace of global demand growth for Internet, video, TV, and telecommunications services along with forecasts for future needs. As described in our November 2010 editorial, we saw the introduction of fiber optic communications technologies and systems into the global telecom networks in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Although the initial capacities were based on DS-3, we have witnessed rapid multiplication of the transmission rates through the introduction of synchronous optical network (SONET) systems in the early 1990s with the initial standardization of OC-48 transmission rates. With the advancements that resulted in the availability of OC-192 and dense wavelength-division multiplexing (DWDM) systems placing 40 and 80 OC-192 systems on the same fiber pair, the transmission capacity appeared to be unlimited. However, we know today that the explosive demand growth we have been seeing was not anticipated. As discussed in the report by Prof. Fabio Neri, the global effort to meet the bandwidth challenge was recently showcased at the 36th European Conference in Optical Communications (ECOC) held in Torino, Italy, on 19–23 September, 2010. This premiere conference on optical communications presented ongoing work and developments addressing technology and architecture issues from the edges of the network — cell sites, businesses, and neighborhoods — into the core of the network toward finding ways to more effectively manage bandwidth and bandwidth demand. In parallel with the developments from ECOC 2010, we have selected two contributions to address the current patterns of bandwidth demand growth, and current and future needs in communications technology and architecture to
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Vijay Jain
John Spencer
meet the demand forecasts. In the first contribution, entitled “Technology and Architecture to Enable the Explosive Growth of the Internet,” Adel Saleh and Jane Simmons address the technology and architecture needs to meet the anticipated thousand-fold growth in Internet traffic over the next 20 years. At current growth rates, Internet traffic will increase by a factor of 1000 or three orders of magnitude in roughly 20 years. It will be challenging for transmission and routing/ switching systems to keep pace with this level of growth without requiring prohibitively large increases in network cost and power consumption. The authors present a highlevel vision for addressing these challenges based on both technological and architectural advancements. At the current pace of growth, Internet traffic is doubling approximately every two years, leading to a factor of 1000 growth in the next two decades. They show that such staggering growth can indeed be supported, while keeping the network cost and power consumption in check. This requires advances in both technology and architecture, to increase the capacity of transmission and routing/switching systems, and effectively reduce the network capacity requirements, respectively. Although this article deals with only the core/backbone portion of the network, access networks will need to scale as well, through a combination of advanced broadband fiber, cable, and wireless technologies. Of course, while the pace of Internet growth can be expected to slow at some point, eventually the thousand-fold growth figure will be exceeded, and this will require even deeper and further innovations. The second contribution, “MC-FiWiBAN: An Emergency-Aware Mission-Critical Fiber-Wireless Broadband Access Network” by Ahmad Dhaini and Pin-Han Ho, addresses quality of service (QoS), security, and fault recovery issues in converging wireless and optical access networks as attractive economical broadband solutions. The emergency-aware architecture presented takes advantage of layer 2 virtual private networks (VPNs) to support mission-critical (MC) services. Each VPN is designed to
IEEE Communications Magazine • January 2010
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SERIES EDITORIAL support a specific MC system requirements bundle that is stipulated in the service level agreement (SLA) and fulfilled via an effective resource management paradigm. Simulation results show that MC-FiWiBAN can commit to guaranteed QoS for emergency and non-emergency services. The MC coverage can be extended to improve public safety and disaster relief (PSDR) communications in rural areas and emerging MC multimedia services. A QoS-provisioning framework was also presented to address the resource management problem arising from the establishment of VPNs.
BIOGRAPHIES OSMAN S. GEBIZLIOGLU [M] (
[email protected]) is a principal consultant at Telcordia Technologies. Since he joined Bellcore in 1987, he has been involved with the development of performance and reliability assurance requirements for optical communications components. In addition to his work to support the implementation of optical communications technologies in major service provider networks, he has been involved in reliability assurance and failure analysis efforts on aerospace communications networks. He holds B.Sc and M.Sc degrees in chemical engineering (Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey) and a Ph.D in chemical engineering and polymer materials science and engineering (Princeton University, New Jersey). Before joining Telcordia (then Bellcore) in 1987, he held Monsanto and ExxonMobil postdoctoral fellowships and research scientist appointments in mechanical engineering (Mechanics of Materials Division), chemical engineering (Microstructural Engineering Division), and the Center for Materials Science & Engineering at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge. He is an active member of the American Chemical Society, American Institute of Physics Society of Rheology, Materials Research Society, International Society for Optical Engineering, IEEE Lasers and ElectroOptics Society, and IEEE Communications Society. He has extensively published in various professional society journals, presented his work at international conferences, and delivered invited talks at conferences and university colloquia. He holds five U.S. patents and is the former chair of the Telecommunications Industry Association TR-42.13 Subcommittee on Passive Optical Devices and Fiber Optic Metrology. He also serves as a Series Editor of the IEEE Communications Magazine Optical Communications Series. HIDEO KUWAHARA [F] (
[email protected]) joined Fujitsu in 1974, and has been engaged for more than 30 years in R&D of optical communications technologies, including high-speed TDM systems, coherent optical transmission systems, EDFA, terrestrial and submarine WDM systems, and related optical components. His current responsibility is to lead photonics technology as a Fellow of Fujitsu Laboratories Ltd. in Japan. He stayed in the United
IEEE Communications Magazine • January 2010
States from 2000 to 2003 as a senior vice president at Fujitsu Network Communications, Inc., and Fujitsu Laboratories of America, Richardson, Texas. He belongs to LEOS and ComSoc. He is a co-Series Editor of IEEE Communications Magazine’s Optical Communications Series. He is currently a member of the International Advisory Committee of the European Conference on Optical Communications, and chairs the Steering Committee of CLEO Pacific Rim. He is a Fellow of the Institute of Electronics, Information and Communications Engineers (IEICE) of Japan. He has co-chaired several conferences, including Optoelectronics and Communications Conference (OECC) 2007. He received an Achievement Award from IEICE of Japan in 1998 for the experimental realization of optical terabit transmission. He received the Sakurai Memorial Award from the Optoelectronic Industry and Technology Development Association of Japan in 1990 for research on coherent optical communication. VIJAY JAIN (
[email protected]) is general manager for Access Network Planning and Economics, India and South Asia at Bharti Airtel Limited, India. Prior to joining Airtel, he was program manager for FTTP and CO active and passive fiber optic components at Verizon, where he served as technical leader for risk analysis of FOC and CO components deployment into Verizon's network. He was involved in product identification, procurement, network planning, and field remediation. He has over 15 years of experience in the telecom industry and has worked in three countries (India, the United States, and Canada). Prior to Verizon, he worked as vice president and in management positions for telecom equipment manufacturer and test laboratories, which provided him 360-degree exposure to the overall telecom business and technologies. In the last 15 years he has worked in engineering, R&D, planning, strategic, and business development roles. Achievements include designing and testing of a GSM/CDMA-based wireless antenna, DSP-based VLSI chips, NMS for optical and wireless technologies, fiber optic components, and transport systems with up to OC-768 transmission rates. He holds two Master's degrees in telecom engineering, specializing in wireless technology from the Indian Institute of Technology, India, and in DSP technology from Concordia University, Canada. JOHN SPENCER [SM] (
[email protected]) is a telecom industry veteran with over 37 years of experience. He worked 29 years with BellSouth, 14 of those years as a member of technical staff in the Science & Technology Department. During that time he was involve,d in the introduction of SONET and Erbium doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs), and had a team lead role in the introduction of DWDM technology in the BellSouth network. He worked four years as regional director, Product Marketing Engineering for Mahi Networks, Petaluma, California. He is currently a business and technology strategist for Optelian Access Networks, where he manages industry and customer direction to Optelian’s product line as well as playing a key role in Optelian’s AT&T account management. He was Conference Co-Chair for NFOEC in 1991 and 1998. He has served on the NFOEC Technical Program Committee for 10 years. He served as Secretary and Chairman of ANSI accredited committee T1X1, Digital Hierarchy and Synchronization, which developed the standards for SONET. He is a graduate of the Georgia Institute of Technology (B.E.E.) and is a registered Professional Engineer (PE) in the State of Alabama. He currently serves on the NFOEC/OFC Technical Program Committee.
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