Method for Identification of A Molecular Marker Linked

0 downloads 0 Views 157KB Size Report
surfactants selected from the group consisting of fatty alcohol ethoxylates, methyl ester. 10 sulphonate, or combination thereof; from 10% to 15% by weight of ...
1

9 June 2011(amended) (MPOB/11MY26/Tai)

A Microemulsion Cleaning Composition

FIELD OF INVENTION

5

The present invention relates to a microemulsion cleaning composition. More particularly, relates to a palm-based microemulsion cleaning composition that exhibits excellent grease and/or oily soil properties.

BACKGROUND OF INVENTION 10 In the recent, microemulsion based cleaners with its promised detergency are increasingly gaining interests in the global cleaning market, especially for grease and oily soil removals. The microemulsion-based cleaners are thermodynamically stable mixtures of surfactants, oils, water, and/or co-surfactant. These microemulsion cleaners generally have extremely fine 15

particle size, visibly transparent and low viscosity.

Conventional microemulsion cleaners are well known with their superior cleaning performance over those liquid and powdered detergents. However, they are not considered as an economic alternative. A large amount of relatively expensive co-surfactants, particularly 1, 20

2 alkanediols, such as 1, 2 butanediol and 1, 2 hexanediol are required to stabilize the current microemulsions formulation.

2

9 June 2011(amended) (MPOB/11MY26/Tai)

An example relating to microemulsion cleaner includes U.S Patent Application US7902123(B2), which teaches the mixtures of surfactant and propionate as co-surfactant incorporated into a cleaning composition for wellbore cleanup and other downhole remediating operations. This invention alleviates limitations of most microemulsion cleaners, 5

which are inherently temperature sensitive. Furthermore, although the introduction of propionates into the microemulsion cleaner has substantially reduced the amount of surfactants used in stabilizing the microemulsion, the high production costs remained unsolved. This is because the propionates are expensive materials.

10

Another example of patent disclosure is U.S Patent Application US 2009093390. This cited prior art discloses a hard surface cleaning composition, preferably in an oil-continuous microemulsion. Said composition comprises primary solvents, polar solvents, primary emulsifiers, secondary emulsifiers, co-surfactants, thickeners and water. Optionally, auxiliary additives may be included into the composition.

15 It is therefore a primary object of the present invention to alleviate the aforementioned limitations by providing a microemulsion cleaning composition with improved detergency at a low production cost.

20

It is yet another object of the present invention to provide glycerol derivatives, particularly glycerol-mono-tert-butyl ether (GMTBE) as a natural-derived and cost-effective co-surfactant in producing a stable microemulsion.

3

9 June 2011(amended) (MPOB/11MY26/Tai)

It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a microemulsion cleaning composition that is effectively in grease and oily soils removal and could leave a shiny appearance on the cleaned surface.

5

SUMMARY OF INVENTION

In one aspect of the present invention, a cleaning composition, in the form of oil-in water microemulsion with improved detergency is provided. Said cleaning microemulsion composition further comprising from 10 % to 20% by weight of surfactants, wherein said 10

surfactants selected from the group consisting of fatty alcohol ethoxylates, methyl ester sulphonate, or combination thereof; from 10% to 15% by weight of co-surfactants, wherein said co-surfactants selected from the group consisting of 1,2 alkanediols, glycerol derivatives or mixture thereof; from 5% to 10 % by weight of natural organic solvent; and the remainder, water total said composition to 100% by weight. The composition may further comprising oil

15

soluble additives, preferably natural insect repellents based on Cymbopogon nardus or “Serai Wangi, in an amount from 2% to 7% by weight.

In a preferred embodiment, the cleaning microemulsion composition comprising approximately 15 - 20% (w/w) of mixed surfactant consisting of fatty alcohol ethoxylates 20

with 7 moles of ethylene oxide (FAE 7) and fatty alcohol ethoxylates with 2 moles of ethylene oxide (FAE 2), wherein the ratio of FAE 7 to FAE 2 is 75: 25; and approximately 10 - 15% (w/w) of co-surfactants consisting of 1, 2 hexanediols or glycerol mono-tert-butyl ether (GMTBE).

4

9 June 2011(amended) (MPOB/11MY26/Tai)

In another preferred embodiment, the cleaning microemulsion composition comprising approximately 15 - 20 % (w/w) of mixed surfactant consisting of fatty alcohol ethoxylates with 7 moles of ethylene oxide (FAE 7), fatty alcohol ethoxylates with 2 moles of ethylene oxide (FAE 2) and methyl ester sulphonate (MES), wherein the ratio of FAE 7 to FAE 2 to 5

MES is 60: 20: 20 and approximately 10 – 15 % (w/w) of co-surfactants consisting of 1,2 hexanediols and glycerol mono-tert-butyl ether (GMTBE).

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

10

Figure 1 shows the chemical structure of glycerol mono-tert-butyl ether (GMTBE) employed in the present invention.

Figure 2 shows the detergency of the cleaning composition of Example 1 (F1) at various dilution factors. 15 Figure 3 shows the detergency of the cleaning composition of Example 2 (F2) at various dilution factors.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 20 Further understanding of the object, construction, characteristics and functions of the invention, a detailed description with reference to the embodiments is given in the following.

5

9 June 2011(amended) (MPOB/11MY26/Tai)

The present invention provides a cleaning composition for a variety of hard surfaces. The cleaning composition is an oil-in water microemulsion that is formed by mixing palm-based esters with water at a predetermined composition ratio. The composition ratio of palm–based esters to water preferably includes 15:85, 20:80, 30:70, 50:50, and more preferably 25:75. The 5

droplet size of the microemulsion is ranging from 10nm to 100nm. In order to provide a thermodynamically stable liquid dispersion that is transparent or translucent in appearance, said microemulsion is stabilized with surfactants and co-surfactants.

In a preferred embodiment, said cleaning composition comprising from about 10% to 20% by 10

weight of surfactants, from about 10% to 15% by weight of co-surfactants, and from about 5% to 10% by weight of organic solvents. The cleaning composition of the present invention also comprises water to bring the total composition to 100% by weight.

In accordance to the preferred embodiment, suitable surfactants include nonionic surfactants 15

generally known in the cleaner art. However, the preferred nonionic surfactants of the present invention are fatty alcohol ethoxylates (FAE), as understood, the condensation products of linear fatty alcohols and ethylene oxide (EO). Fatty alcohol ethoxylates resulted from a reaction between ethylene oxide in an amount ranging from 1 mole to 10 moles and linear fatty alcohols, are preferred. In the present invention, a mixture of fatty alcohol ethoxylates

20

with ethoxylation degree of 2 moles (FAE 2) and fatty alcohol ethoxylates resulted based on 7 moles of ethylene oxide (FAE 7) in a ratio of 25:75 are more preferred to be incorporated in the cleaning composition.

6

9 June 2011(amended) (MPOB/11MY26/Tai)

In accordance to the preferred embodiment, a mixture of nonionic surfactants and anionic surfactant is also preferred to enhance the cleaning performance of the cleaning composition, especially during removal of unwanted products, for example oily soils, stain soils and particulate soils of the surface of a substrate. The anionic surfactant includes methyl esters 5

sulphonate (MES), preferably those derived from renewable natural resources such as palms. It is observed that a mixture of FAE 7, FAE 2, and palm-based methyl esters sulphonate in a ratio of 60:20:20 could substantially stabilize and thus improve the detergency of the cleaning composition if compared a mixed surfactant system that merely consisted of nonionic surfactants.

10 Co-surfactants of the present invention are selected from a group of co-surfactant consisting of 1, 2 alkanediols, glycerol derivatives and combination thereof. The preferred co-surfactants are 1, 2 hexanediols and glycerol mono-tert butyl ethers as shown in Figure 1, and more preferably mixture thereof. Other suitable 1, 2 alkanediols, for example, 1, 2 ethanediol and 1, 15

2 butanediol could be employed in the present invention.

The organic solvents embodying the present invention include those organic compounds that could dissolve grease. Non-limiting examples of organic solvents include limonene, lower alkyl esters, dibutyl adipate, dipropyl adipate, diisopropyl adipate, mono adipate, ethanol, 20

isopropyl adipate, and alkylphenol and lower alkyl ethers ethyl ether. The preferred organic solvent of the present invention are fatty acid methyl esters, particularly which derived from palms.

7

9 June 2011(amended) (MPOB/11MY26/Tai)

Optionally, the cleaning composition of the present invention could be formulated with oil soluble additives include, but not limited to perfumes or fragrances, dyes or pigments, thickening agents, abrasive agents, disinfectants, radical scavengers, bleaches, chelating agents, insect repellent, pesticide, bactericide or mixtures thereof. 5

These additives are

preferred to be included in the cleaning composition in an amount of ranging from 2% to 7%, by weight. The preferred oil soluble additive is natural insect repellent based on Cymbopogon nardus or “Serai Wangi.

In a preferred embodiment, a method for use in cleaning a variety of hard surfaces is 10

disclosed. The method involves applying the cleaning composition as described herein onto a surface to be cleaned. Said step of applying the cleaning composition may include pouring, spraying, wiping with, for example, a sponge or cloth, dipping or the like. It should be understood that the cleaning composition of the present invention could be applied to surfaces include, but not limited to tile floors, table, sinks, tiled walls and linoleum. Instead of being

15

used for cleaning purposes, the composition embodying the present invention could also be applied to agrochemical-based products for crop protections as well as public health sector.

The present invention is further illustrated as described in the following non-limiting Examples: 20

25

8

9 June 2011(amended) (MPOB/11MY26/Tai)

Example 1

The following example illustrates a cleaning composition of the present invention (designated as F1) that was prepared by mixing palm-based esters (PME) with water at a ratio of 25:75 5

and subsequently mixed with following ingredients in a mixture batch to provide a stable microemulsion cleaning composition:

About 10 to 20% by weight of mixed nonionic surfactant consisting of fatty alcohol ethoxylates with 7 moles of ethylene oxide (FAE 7) and fatty alcohol ethoxylates with 2 10

moles of ethylene oxide (FAE 2), wherein ratio of the FAE 7 to the FAE 2 is 75: 25; About 10 to 20% by weight of mixed co-surfactant consisting of 1, 2 hexanediol or glycerol mono tert-butyl ether (GMTBE); About 5 to 10% by weight of palm-based fatty acid methyl esters as solvents; About 2 to 7% by weight of ‘serai wangi’ as a natural insect repellent;

15

Water to bring the total composition to 100% by weight.

The well-mixed composition was kept at room temperature and at 45 ± 2°C for about a month. The phase behavior of the ternary-phase system was observed using polarized light periodically and shown in a ternary phase diagram. It was observed that an optimum 20

microemulsion region is formed when the introduction of the mixed surfactants and cosurfactants with a concentration of approximately 15 - 20% and approximately 10 - 15%, respectively, into the cleaning composition.

9

9 June 2011(amended) (MPOB/11MY26/Tai)

Example 2

Another cleaning composition (designated as F2) embodying the present invention with the following ingredients was prepared according to the procedures as described in Example 1: 5 About 10 to 20% by weight of mixed nonionic and anionic surfactant consisting of fatty alcohol ethoxylates with 7 moles of ethylene oxide (FAE 7), fatty alcohol ethoxylates with 2 moles of ethylene oxide (FAE 2), and palm methyl ester sulphonate (MES), wherein the ratio of the FAE 7 to FAE 2 to MES is 60:20:20; 10

About 10 to 20% by weight of mixed co-surfactant consisting of 1, 2 hexanediol or glycerol mono tert-butyl ether (GMTBE); About 5 to 10% by weight of palm-based fatty acid methyl esters as solvents; About 2 to 7% by weight of ‘serai wangi’ as a natural insect repellent; Water to bring the total composition to 100% by weight.

15 It was observed that the optimum concentration of surfactants and co-surfactant to be introduced for producing a stable microemulsion solution is approximately 15 - 20% (w/w) and approximately 10 - 15% (w/w), respectively based on the resulted ternary phase diagram.

20

Example 3

The physical properties of the cleaning composition as prepared from Example 1 and Example 2 were determined and shown in Table 1.

10

9 June 2011(amended) (MPOB/11MY26/Tai)

Table 1: Properties of Palm Oil-based Microemulsion Liquid Cleaners Formula F1 15% FAE 7/FAE2 F2 (15% FAE 7/ FAE2/ MES) F1 (20% FAE 7/ FAE 2) F2 (20% FAE 7/ FAE 2/ MES)

Conductivity (µSm)

Particle Size (nm)

Viscosity (cP)

pH

137

9.5

12.6

5.0

919

8.8

12.7

4.8

141

9.0

15.4

5.4

976

7.5

15.1

5.1

Based on Table 1, it was found that cleaning composition in accordance of the present invention, conductivity thereof is varied with the type of mixed surfactants system employed 5

in the composition. The mixed surfactant system includes methyl ester sulphonate (MES) has higher conductance to that of merely consisted of FAE 7 and FAE 2. However, particle size, viscosity and pH values of the cleaning composition are not affected with the composition of the mixed surfactant system. It should be understood that the cleaning composition embodying the present invention, with its relatively small particle size (approximately 7.5 to

10

9.5nm) and low viscosity, is advantageous over those well-known powdered cleaners in removal of grease and oily soils.

Example 4

15

The detergency of the cleaning compositions obtained from Example 1 and Example 2 were determined using conventional standard cleaning tests. A commercial all-purpose liquid cleaner was provided and served as a control subject to evaluate the cleaning performance of cleaning compositions embodying the present invention using Detergent Cleaning Tester 10

11

9 June 2011(amended) (MPOB/11MY26/Tai)

(DCT). Said evaluation was measured by a “Glossmaster 60 0” (Sheen Instrument Ltd, England) and shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3.

Based on the results, the cleaning composition in accordance of the present invention showed 5

superior and comparable cleaning efficiency to the commercial liquid cleaner even after several dilutions. Mixed surfactant system of the present invention consisting of FAE 7, FAE 2 and methyl ester sulphonate provided better cleaning performance if compared to that with a mixture of FAE 7 and FAE 2. It was also observed that the cleaning composition of the present invention could provide a prolonged shiny surface to a substrate it treated if compared

10

with the commercial cleaner.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments and examples thereof, it is apparent to those skilled in the art that a variety of modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present 15

20

invention which is intended to be defined by the appended claim.

12

9 June 2011(amended) (MPOB/11MY26/Tai)

CLAIMS

1.

A cleaning composition in the form of oil in water microemulsion comprising:

from 10 % to 20% by weight of surfactants, wherein said surfactants selected from the group 5

consisting of fatty alcohol ethoxylates, methyl ester sulphonate, or combination thereof; from 10% to 15% by weight of co-surfactants, wherein said co-surfactants selected from the group consisting of 1,2 alkanediols, glycerol derivatives or mixture thereof; from 5% to 10 % by weight of organic solvent; and the remainder, water to total said composition to 100% by weight.

10 2.

A cleaning composition as claimed in Claim 1, wherein said oil-in-water

microemulsion is formed by mixing palm-based esters with water at a predetermined composition ratio.

15

3.

A cleaning composition as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the preferred composition

ratio of palm-based esters to water is 25: 75.

4.

A cleaning composition as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the oil-in-water

microemulsion has a droplet size ranging from 10nm to 100nm. 20 5.

A cleaning composition as claimed in Claim 1, wherein said fatty alcohol ethoxylates

preferably include condensation products of linear fatty alcohol and from 1 to 10 moles of ethylene oxide.

13

9 June 2011(amended) (MPOB/11MY26/Tai)

6.

A cleaning composition as claimed in Claim 1, wherein said surfactant is a mixed

surfactant system consisted of fatty alcohol ethoxylates with 2 moles (FAE 2) of ethylene oxide and fatty alcohol ethoxylates with 7 moles of ethylene oxide (FAE 7).

5

7.

A cleaning composition as claimed in Claim 6, wherein said mixed surfactant system

preferably has a ratio of FAE 7 to FAE2 of 75: 25.

8.

A cleaning composition as claimed in Claim 1, wherein said surfactant is a mixed

surfactant system consisted of fatty alcohol ethoxylates with 2 moles (FAE 2) of ethylene 10

oxide and fatty alcohol ethoxylates with 7 moles of ethylene oxide (FAE 7) and methyl ester sulphonate (MES).

9.

A cleaning composition as claimed in Claim 8, wherein said mixed surfactant system

preferably has a ratio of FAE 2 to FAE 7 to MES of 20: 60: 20. 15 10.

A cleaning composition as claimed in Claim 1, wherein said 1, 2 alkanediols include

1, 2 ethanediol, 1, 2 butanediol and more preferably 1, 2 hexanediol.

11. 20

A cleaning composition as claimed in Claim 1, wherein said glycerol derivatives

include glycerol mono-tert-butyl ether (GMTBE).

12.

A cleaning composition as claimed in Claim 1, wherein said organic solvents include

but not limited to limonene, lower alkyl esters, dibutyl adipate, dipropyl adipate, diisopropyl

14

9 June 2011(amended) (MPOB/11MY26/Tai)

adipate, mono adipate, ethanol, isopropyl adipate, and alkylphenol and lower alkyl ethers ethyl ether.

13. 5

A cleaning composition as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the preferred organic solvents

are fatty acid methyl esters derived from palms.

14.

A cleaning composition as claimed in Claim 1 further comprising from 2% to 7% by

weight of oil soluble additives.

10

15.

A cleaning composition as claimed in Claim 14, wherein said additives include but not

limited to perfumes or fragrances, dyes or pigments, thickening agents, abrasive agents, disinfectants, radical scavengers, bleaches, chelating agents, insect repellent, pesticide, bactericide or mixtures thereof.

15

16.

A cleaning composition as claimed in Claim 14, wherein the preferred oil soluble

additive is natural insect repellents based on Cymbopogon nardus or “Serai Wangi”.

17.

A cleaning composition in the form of oil-in-water microemulsion comprising:

approximately 15 - 20% (w/w) of mixed surfactant consisting of fatty alcohol ethoxyalates 20

with 7 moles of ethylene oxide (FAE 7) and fatty alcohol ethoxylates with 2 moles of ethylene oxide (FAE 2), wherein the ratio of FAE 7 to FAE 2 is 75: 25; and approximately 10 - 15% (w/w) of co-surfactants consisting of 1,2 hexanediols and glycerol mono-tert-butyl ether (GMTBE).

15

9 June 2011(amended) (MPOB/11MY26/Tai)

18.

A cleaning composition in the form of oil-in-water microemulsion comprising:

approximately 15 - 20 % (w/w) of mixed surfactant consisting of fatty alcohol ethoxyalates with 7 moles of ethylene oxide (FAE 7), fatty alcohol ethoxylates with 2 moles of ethylene oxide (FAE 2) and methyl ester sulphonate (MES), wherein the ratio of FAE 7 to FAE 2 to 5

MES is 60: 20: 20 and approximately 10 - 15% (w/w) of co-surfactants consisting of 1,2 hexanediols or glycerol mono-tert-butyl ether (GMTBE).

ABSTRACT

10

A Microemulsion Cleaning Composition

The present invention discloses a microemulsion cleaning composition. Said cleaning microemulsion composition comprising from 10 % to 20% by weight of surfactants, wherein said surfactants selected from the group consisting of fatty alcohol ethoxylates, methyl ester 15

sulphonate, or combination thereof; from 10% to 15% by weight of co-surfactants, wherein said co-surfactants selected from the group consisting of 1,2 alkanediols, glycerol derivatives or mixture thereof; from 5% to 10 % by weight of organic solvent; and the remainder, water to total said composition to 100% by weight.

20