new generation of blood com.ppt [Compatibility Mode]

New Generation of Blood Components Professor A pourazar Medical Science University of Isfahan Isfahan IRAN

James Blundell

Blundell’s transfusion devices included the impellor (A), which consisted of a cup, tube , and syringe; and the gravitator (B), consisting of a receptacle held high above the patient with an attached tube through which the blood was injected into the patient.

Plastic Blood Bags & Component Separation

Transition from Blood Banking to Transfusion Medicine. Recent technological advancements and automation has redefined component preparation ü Better equipments used for preparation of components and their storage ü Quality assurance and GMP Increased demand of components ü Chemotherapy for variety of malignant diseases ü Organ transplant ü Surgical interventions ü Immunodeficiency diseases

Blood Cells Have Different Sizes and Densities

Platelet Red Blood Cell White Blood Cell

Blood components preparation

Whole Blood Heavy Spin

Light Spin

Platelet rich plasma

Packed Red Cells

Platelet poor plasma

Heavy Spin Platelet concentrate

Cryo poor plasma

Cryoppt Fresh frozen plasma Fractionation

Light spin 2000 x g for 3 min, Heavy spin 5000 x g for 5 min, g = 28.38 x R(rpm/1000)

“Soft” Spin

}

Platelet Rich Plasma

}

Packed Red Cells

“Hard” Spin

} } }

Plasma

Buffy Coat

Packed Red Cells

Blood Components ¢

Cellular components l l l

¢

Plasma components l l l

¢

Red cell concentrate Platelet concentrate Granulocyte concentrate

Fresh frozen plasma Plasma Cryoprecipitate

Plasma fractions

Whole blood derived components Product Quantity Collected RBCs Platelets FFPlasma Cryoprecipitate Granulocytes

280+-60 ml 5.5 x 109in 50-60ml 200-250 ml 10-20ml 1.25 x 109Gr in 20ml

Advantages of Components S Storage of each component under

optimal conditions to maintain function for clinical use of blood S Improvement in therapeutic conditions S Avoid volume overload S Leucoreduction of cellular products S Optimization of resource management

Clinical Efficacy of Products Achieving intended outcome (save, prolong, improve life) Adverse Effects short term/ long term

MODIFIED PRODUCTS Packed Red Cells with additives ¢ Frozen red Cells ¢ Saline washed red cells ¢ Leucodepleted red cells ¢

Why leucodepletion ? ¢ ¢ ¢ ¢ ¢ ¢

Leucocytes in blood components are responsible for many complications associated with blood transfusion as FNHTRs 6.8% after red cell transfusion l 37.5% after platelet transfusion Formation of antibodies that make future transfusions less likely to be effective and more likely to cause a reaction.” Transmission of Viruses like CMV, HTLV 1 and 2 and some prions carried inside leucocytes Increased perioperative infections and increased cancer recurrence rate. Transfusion associated acute lung injury.

Approximate Number of Leucocytes in Cellular Blood Components

Whole blood Red cell concentrate Platelet concentrate Apheresis platelets Fresh frozen plasma

109 108 -109 107 - 108 106