Applied research and development of intelligent buildings on green architecture bases prof. Ing. D. Katunský, PhD.*, doc. Ing. M. Lopušniak PhD.** and Ing. M. Labovský * Technical University of Košice/Civil Engineering Faculty, Košice, Slovakia
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Abstract—when selecting the optimum operating mode of the double skin facade the designing team of experts must rely on theoretically justified choice supported by calculations and simulations of individual variation of operation modes. Creating an experimental part of the double skin facade there is the opportunity to monitor and evaluate the impact of different modes of operation in order to reduce the energy load of the building in summer and for an increase of energy gain in winter.
I.
INTRODUCTION
Double skin facade with integrated, automated management systems of business process fulfils also the role of environment technology, which is one of the elements of intelligent buildings. Such facade uses one of the most, renewable energy sources, which is the solar energy. Double skin facade helps energy gain from the solar radiation for energy efficiency in winter period. During the summer period reduces the thermal load on the transformation of solar radiation into thermal radiation in the cavity of the façade [1]. Currently, scientific research of double skin facade focuses on the issue of shielding double skin facade, while more important parameter is the position of shield blades compared to their rotation angle [2, 3], hereinafter focuses on issues of differences between the measurements and simulation prediction in both of heat and airflow [4] and evaluating the daylight for a cloudy sky [5]. The data obtained by measuring the double skin facade of the building Technicom used to verify the accuracy of simulation tools as well as to selecting the optimal operating modes of the facade. II.
Figure 1. Double skin facade of Technicom with highlighting the experimental part of façade, oriented to the south
Figure 2. Operating mode A – air flows in height of one field, in width of two fields
METODOLOGY
The Building envelope of Technicom will consist of a double skin facade along the entire length of the western and southern parts of the façade (Fig. 1). Experimental part of double skin facade of the building Technicom will be oriented to the south and will consist of four fields in the horizontal direction and four fields in the vertical direction (Fig. 1). They will be adjusted as necessary so that the air flows: in the height of only one floor (field) in the height of two floors, in the height of all four floors or in the height of the whole experimental part of the facade and their subsequent use for HVAC systems (Fig. 2 - 6). Figure 3. Operating mode B – air flows in height of two fields, in width of two fields
From the obtained data and after subsequent processing it will be possible to find the optimal operating mode of double skin facade, as well as its changes during the whole year (operating mode: winter, summer) and during the summer day (operating mode: night, day). At the same time will evaluate the impact of shading elements (horizontal blinds) for heat gain and visual comfort of internal spaces. III. CONCLUSION Data obtained in situ either confirm or deny the theoretical conclusions of selection of optimal operating mode of the double skin facade. Also quantified the impact of shading elements to energy performance (reducing heat gain in summer) while maintaining sufficient daylight. Figure 4. Operating mode C – air flows in height of all four fields, in width of two fields
ACKNOWLEDGMENT This article is prepared within the Project implementation: University Science Park TECHNICOM for Innovation Applications Supported by Knowledge Technology, ITMS: 26220220182, supported by the Research & Development Operational Programme funded by the ERDF. "We support research activities in Slovakia/this project is being co-financed by the European Union". REFERENCES [1] [2]
[3] [4] Figure 5. Operating mode D – air flows in height of all four fields, in all width of facade
Figure 6. Operating mode E – air flows in height of all four fields, in width of two fields or else in all width of façade and goes into air-condition unit
[5]
B. Bielek, Dvojité transparentné fasády budov, 1. ed., Bratislava: Coreal, 2002, pp. 206, ISBN 80-968846-0-3. T.E. Jiru, Y.Taob and F. Haghighat, "Airflow and heat transfer in double skin facades," Energy and Buildings, vol. 43, no. 10, 2011, pp. 2760-2766. H.S. Lim, J.T. Kim and G. Kim, "Impact of different placements of shading device on building thermal performance," 2013. D. Kim and C. Park, "Difficulties and limitations in performance simulation of a double skin façade with Energy Plus," Energy and Buildings, vol. 43, no. 12, 2011, pp. 3635-3645. M.A. Shameri, M.A. Alghoul, O. Elayeb, M.F.M. Zain, M.S. Alrubaih, H. Amir and K. Sopian, "Daylighting characteristics of existing double-skin façade office buildings," Energy and Buildings, vol. 59, 2013, pp. 279-286.
