Period: ___ Date Started: ______ Date Due: ______ Final Grade: ______/100 ... MS-LS1-2: Develop and use a model to describe the function of a cell as a ...
2016 -17 Cellular Encounter – Designing a Model Cell – (P 1)
Name: ______________________________________ Period: ___ Date Started: ________ Date Due: __________ Final Grade: _______/100 Table 1 Members: _________________________________________________ Investigation preview. In recent lessons, we learned that living things are made of cells and that each cell carries out functions necessary to sustain life. In this cumulative study, students advance their understanding of the cell “as a system working together” by designing an interactive model that simulates membrane transport, cell communication, and the special compounds or inputs needed by each organelle and what is the resultant product. Using a set of criteria, students determine which cell type they model from one of four possible organisms: yeast, strawberry plant, bacteria, or human (animal). Once the specific cell is determined, students find their companion cell at another, undisclosed table from which molecules are received for membrane transport and/or use in the cell. The final model demonstrates how organelles communicate to exchange compounds, letting cells grow into complex tissues, organs, and organ systems.
FOCUS QUESTION: How does the structure and function of a cell and its organelles allow the cell to communicate and function as a whole system?
I.
Objectives of Investigation.
A. Student abilities/skills required: Applying evidence and reasoning to construct a cell model Mobilizing data, facts, observations, and conclusions to explain cellular structure and function B. NGSS/7A Lesson objectives/performance expectations: MS-LS1-2: Develop and use a model to describe the function of a cell as a whole and ways parts of cells contribute to the function. MS-LS1-7: Develop a model to describe how food is rearranged through chemical reactions forming new molecules that support growth and/or release energy as this matter moves through an organism. Gather and organize data to emphasize that cells carry out basic life functions. Demonstrate how organelles carry out life functions within cells, including extraction of energy from food; getting rid of wastes, and photosynthesis.
II. Working groups of four Table groups assign the following responsibilities to individuals for recording, writing, and planning by placing their name below: Part I, Pre-investigation questions & Table 1. Name: ____________________ Part II, all students identify cell using Table 2 and find matching cell. Part III, Table 3: Cell compounds and organelles. Name: _________________ Part IV.B, Assign roles for design/drawing of cell. Name: ________________ Part IV.C, completion of Table 5, check-off using cell rubric, and retrieving cellular molecules from cell’s companion table. Name: __________________ Participation of all members and reporting their roles, is mandatory for full credit.
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III. Homework/class work: pre-investigation questions. 1. Organelles working together. Select three organelles and describe their function. Then, describe how one of more of the organelles might work with another organelle. Select from the following: chloroplast, ribosome, mitochondrion, nucleus, cell wall, cell membrane, lysosome, vacuole, endoplasmic reticulum, flagellum, Golgi body. (6 points) A.______________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ B. _____________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ C. _____________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 2. Using the textbook, Cells and Heredity (Prentice Hall Science Explorer, 2002), describe three differences between a bacterial (prokaryotic, page 24) and human (eukaryotic, page 21) cell. Do not include size or color in your answers. (3 points). ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 3. Explain three places a membrane is found. Be as specific as possible. (3points) A.______________________________________________________________________ B. __________________________________________________________________ C. _____________________________________________________________________ 4. What are five compounds, needed by cells, found in living things? (Use book, Cells and Heredity, Chapter 3; pages 27-30, and Table 6 in Part VI, reference. (10 points). Table 1. Compounds of life. Compound Role (function) in living organisms: Carbohydrates
Lipids (fats)
Protein
Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids Water
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5. Review: what is a chemical reaction? ______________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ (2 points).
IV. Group work. Find Your Matching Cell, complete sections A and B. Part A. Table 2. Properties of your group’s cell and organism are highlighted below. Your organisms is: It is: It is: The organism can reproduce Cell/nuclear division: Nucleus Cell wall Chloroplast DNA
Unicellular Prokaryote Heterotroph Asexually
Multicellular Eukaryote Autotroph Sexually
Mitosis Present Present Present On chromosomes, inside a nucleus
Mitochondrion Cells: Characteristics of life
Present “Stick together” in the right place All six present
Meiosis for reproduction Absent Absent Absent On chromosomes inside the cell itself, lacking a nucleus Absent Cells don’t “stick together” Only some present
Both Both Both
Part B. Based on the properties of your organism shaded in Table 1, determine if it is a yeast, plant, bacteria, or animal cell. Place your choice here: ___________. Your matching cell is at table # ______ (2 pts)
V. Group work. Cell Compounds and Their Organelles. Assignment: Complete table 3 by placing the correct organelle(s) by what it/they make (possible organelles: ribosome, rough endoplasmic reticulum, smooth endoplasmic reticulum, nucleus, mitochondrion, chloroplast, and lysosome). (9 points) Table 3. Cell compounds used within the cell or released through cell membrane. Complete all seven “needs” and their organelles, no matter your group’s organism. Your cell needs: 1. Protein 2. Solar-derived glucose molecules 3. DNA 4. Grow cell wall 5. Repair cell membrane 6. Energy from food 7. Waste removal
Compounds needed for cellular chemical reactions 4 Amino Acids Solar energy; H2O; CO2 4 nucleotide molecules 4 Cellulose molecules 2 Fats + 2 proteins
Name the organelle(s) where the compound is used or made plus
plus
2 Glucose + 2 Oxygen 2 Enzymes + 2 Wastes 3
VI. A. Class work. Design and draw your cell model. On a “draft” paper, draw three cells using pencil first, and following rubric below. After dialogue with your teacher on the cells, obtain permission to move onto final model, done on engineering drafting paper. Then add colors, affix paste-on gap junctions in membrane or plasmodesmata in plant cell walls, and apply correct chemical compounds from your partner table to membrane, organelles and cytoplasm. By retrieving these compounds or inputs from another “cell,” you are demonstrating how one cell communicates with another for nutrients or what happens when these compounds leave one cell for anther.
VI. C. Table 5. Rubric for cell drawing and grading. Guideline
Directions
1. Identification A
Each student’s name and should be placed atop final model in neat lettering Name of organism, type of cell (plant, yeast, animal, bacteria) and mode of reproduction written clearly at top of page Overall plan for drawing and labeling is evident for three cells, touching or next to one another. Each organelle’s function labeled, what it makes, and which other organelle it might work with. Drawing takes up entire paper 4 junctions in membrane for passage of needed cellular molecules using cut out shapes
2. Identification B.
3. Planning
4. Six Organelles*
5. Size 6. Plasmodesmata membrane pathways 7. Placement and numbering of cellular chemicals 8. Group participation 9. Demonstrated understanding Overall TOTAL
Correctly numbered molecules must be placed within membrane, affixed to correct organelle, or in gap junctions. Each person helps distribute group tasks evenly. Evaluated during discussion with instructor and from cell model.
Student Check Off (Initials)
Completed as directed
Completed with details lacking
5 points
3 points
Incomplete or did not follow directions 0 points
Total Score
Full group
2-3 only
1 or 2 only
Complete understanding
Some understanding
Lack of understanding
/45 * Organelle choices for drawing (pick 8 depending on cell type): chloroplast, ribosome, mitochondrion, nucleus, cell wall, cell membrane, lysosome, vacuole, endoplasmic reticulum, flagellum, Golgi body, and plasmodesmata.
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Part VII. Critical thinking: evidence, analysis, and full answer. For each question below, use additional resources in the classroom or from the internet. A. In the area below, collect facts and evidence analyze your information, and then answer the question: “How is a protein made and sent through the membrane? Begin with DNA in nucleus, then consider the roles of the ribosome and endoplasmic reticulum, and finally, how it is packaged and transported through the membrane. To answer, consider the following: functions and properties of your particular cell, membrane transport, and the role of each organelle. Your answer should contain evidence and observations, and 8 to 10 complete sentences with correct punctuation. NOTICE: each student will please write his/her own answer after table brainstorming. No copying. (10 points) ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Attach extra paper if needed.
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B. Homework: Cells and organelles working together. Select one organelle from list below, and construct your response using guidelines below. Cell Wall * Vacuole Nucleus * Ribosome Mitochondrion * Membrane Questions: A. What evidence can you present for the connection between the organelle’s function and the cell’s function? B. What would happen if a cell didn't have this organelle? (10 points) ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________
Part VIII A. Reference Section. Table 6. Cellular Life Functions and their Chemical Reactions Chemical Reaction Product 1. Amino Acid + Amino Acid Proteins 2. Nucleotide + Nucleotide
DNA (a nucleic acid)
3. Cellulose + cellulose
Cell Wall
4. Sunlight Energy + H2O + CO2
Sugar
5. Oxygen + Sugar
Energy
6. Fats + Proteins
Cell membrane
7. Waste + enzymes
Waste removed
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Directions: Cut out these molecules and cell membrane receptors and junctions. Then, retrieve the compounds you need from your partner cell.
Compound Amino acid
Symbol 1 4
Sugars C6H12O6 Nucleotides
1 4
1 4
1 4 1 4
1 4
Cellulose 1 4
1 4
Sunlight 1 4
1 4 Water (H2O)
1 4
Oxygen 1 4
1 4 1 4
1 4 1 4
1 4 1 4
1 4
Protein Carbon Dioxide – CO2
1 4
1 4
Fats
Enzyme
1 Plasmodesmata4
Waste
1 4
1 4 1 4
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