PART II

          

                     

                                     

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‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹…—Ž–—”‡• Šƒ’–‡” 

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‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡‘ˆƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒ

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Šƒ’–‡”  ”‘™Š‡”‡ ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹…—Ž–—”‡‘ˆƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒ…‘‡•á™Š‡”‡‹–‹•áƒ† ™Š‡”‡‹–•Š‘—Ž†‰‘ 

 

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Šƒ’–‡” 

‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹…—Ž–—”‡‘ˆ…—ƒ†‘”

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Šƒ’–‡” —„Ž‹…‘Ž‹…‹‡•‹‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ƒ†‡†‹ƒ›•–‡‹…—ƒ†‘”

61

Šƒ’–‡”  ”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ƒ†’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹•‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•‹…—ƒ†‘”

89

Šƒ’–‡”  ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘‹…—ƒ†‘”ᔋ‰Š–‘”’—„Ž‹…•‡”˜‹…‡ë

 

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Šƒ’–‡”  ‘…‡’–—ƒŽ ”ƒ‡™‘”

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Šƒ’–‡”  ‡–Š‘†‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ ”ƒ‡™‘”‘ˆ…‘–‡š–—ƒŽƒƒŽ›•‹•

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Šƒ’–‡” Š‡’‡”…‡’–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡‹ˆŽ—‡…‡ˆƒ…–‘”•‘ˆ…—ƒ†‘”‹ƒŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•

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Šƒ’–‡”  Š‡•‡Žˆæ’‡”…‡’–‹‘‘ˆ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ”‘Ž‡•‘ˆ…—ƒ†‘”‹ƒŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•

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Šƒ’–‡”  Š‡‹†‡ƒ‘ˆ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–›‘ˆ…—ƒ†‘”‹ƒŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•

185

Šƒ’–‡”  Š‡‡–Š‹…ƒŽ‰—‹†‡Ž‹‡•‘ˆ…—ƒ†‘”‹ƒŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•

205

Šƒ’–‡”  Š‡’‡”…‡’–‹‘‘ˆ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽƒ—–‘‘›‘ˆ…—ƒ†‘”‹ƒŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•

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Šƒ’–‡” Š‡–”—•–Ž‡˜‡Ž•‹‹•–‹–—–‹‘•‘ˆ…—ƒ†‘”‹ƒŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•

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‘…Ž—•‹‘•

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‡ˆ‡”‡…‡•

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‡š‡•

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–”‘†—…–‹‘ Š‡ •‡…‘† ‡†‹–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‹• „‘‘ ’”‡•‡–• ƒ ”‡˜‹ ‡™á —’†ƒ–‡ ƒ†  ‰”ƒ’Š‹… ‹’”‘˜‡‡–  ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒƒŽ›•‹• ‘ˆ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ ‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘” ƒ•”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡‘ˆ–Š‡†‡ƒ”‡‰‹‘ƒ†ƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒä‹…‡ –Š‡ Žƒ•– –™‘ †‡…ƒ†‡• ‘ˆ –Š‡ –™‡–‹‡–Š …‡–—”›á ƒ •–‡ƒ†› ‹…”‡ƒ•‡ ‹ ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š ‹ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• Šƒ• ˆ‘…—•‡† ‘ –Š‡ ƒƒŽ›•‹• ‘ˆ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•– ƒ† –Š‡‹”’”‘†—…–•…‘–‡–•ä‘™‡˜‡”á‹–‹•‘Ž›”‡Žƒ–‹˜‡Ž›”‡…‡–Ž›–Šƒ–‹–Šƒ• ƒŽ•‘ –ƒ‡ ‹–‘ ƒ……‘—– –Š‡ …‘–‡š– ‹ ™Š‹…Š –Š‡ ‡˜‹”‘‡– ƒ† –Š‡ ˜ƒ”‹‘—••›•–‡• ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽá‡…‘‘‹…á•‘…‹ƒŽá…—Ž–—”ƒŽá‡†‹ƒá–‡…Š‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽá ‡–…ä•—””‘—†‹‰–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ƒ†–Š‡‡†‹ƒƒ”‡’”‡•‡–ä Š‹•†‡…‘–‡š–—ƒŽ‹œ‡†’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡Šƒ•„‡‡áƒ†‹•„‡‹‰á—…Š …”‹–‹…‹•‡† ˆ‘” „‡‹‰ ”‡†—…–‹‘‹•–á ’ƒ”–‹ƒŽ ƒ† Š‘‘‰‡‡‘—•ä ‘” –Š‡•‡ ”‡ƒ•‘•á ƒ† ˆ‘”‘–Š‡”•™Š‹…Š™‹ŽŽ„‡†‹•…—••‡†–Š”‘—‰Š‘—––Š‡„‘‘á–Š‹••–—†›‹…Ž—†‡• –Š‡ ™‘” ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•á –Š‡‹” ’‡”…‡’–‹‘• ƒ† –Š‡‹” ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ’”ƒ…–‹æ …‡• ƒ• ‹–‡‰”ƒ–‡† ƒ…–‹˜‹–‹‡• ‹ ƒ …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹… …‘–‡š– ƒ† ™‹–Š ƒ —‹“—‡ ‹†‹‘•›…”ƒ•›ä ƒ•‡†‘–Š‹•‹†‡ƒá‹–ƒ––‡’–•–‘•Š‘™ƒ˜‹•‹‘áƒ•…Ž‘•‡Ž›ƒ•’‘••‹„Ž‡á‘ˆ–Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡‘ˆ…—ƒ†‘”ƒ†–Š‡’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ•™Š‘ƒ”‡ ‹‡”•‡†‹ ‹–ä ‘–Š‹•‡†áˆ”‘ƒ—Ž–‹Ž‡˜‡ŽƒƒŽ›•‹•á™‡ƒƒŽ›•‡–Š‡†‹‡•‹‘•‘ˆs •‡Žˆæ ’‡”…‡’–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ”‘Ž‡át ‹†‡ƒ‘ˆ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–›áu ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ‰—‹†ƒ…‡á v ’‡”…‡’–‹‘ ‘ˆ ƒ—–‘‘›á w  –”—•– Ž‡˜‡Ž ‹ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘•á ƒ† x ƒ••‡••‡– ‘ˆ–Š‡‹ˆŽ—‡…‹‰ ˆƒ…–‘”•ä Š‡•–—†›‹•„ƒ•‡†‘–Š‡‘”‡–‹…ƒŽˆ‘—†ƒ–‹‘•á‹‘”†‡”–‘•—„•‡“—‡–Ž›ˆ‘æ …—•‘–Š‡ò‘’‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‹œ‹‰óŠ‘™–‘‡’‹”‹…ƒŽŽ›‡ƒ•—”‡–Š‡–Š‡‘”‡–‹…ƒŽ ’”‘’‘•ƒŽ•  ƒ† –Š‡ ò‡’‹”‹…ƒŽ…‘…‡’–—ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘ó Š‘™–‘ –Š‡‘”‡–‹…ƒŽŽ› ‡š’Žƒ‹–Š‡’”ƒ…–‹…‡•ƒ†•–ƒ†ƒ”†•‘ˆ–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡‘ˆ…—ƒ†‘”ä Š‡„‘‘‹••–”—…–—”‡†‹–Š”‡‡’ƒ”–•ä –Š‡ˆ‹”•–‘ˆ–Š‡…Šƒ’–‡”• á ƒ† –Š‡ …‘…‡’– ‘ˆ ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… —Ž–—”‡• ƒ† ‹–• ‹’Ž‹…ƒ–‹‘• –‘ –Š‡ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ƒ†•–—†‹‡•‹–Š‡ƒ”‡ƒ‹•†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡† ƒ†ƒƒ’’”‘ƒ…Š–‘ –Š‡ …‘…‡’–ƒ† –Š‡ ”‡ƒŽ‹–› ‘ˆ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹… ‘ˆ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ ƒ• ƒ ”‡‰‹‘ ‹• …ƒ””‹‡† ‘—–ä Š‡ •‡…‘† ’ƒ”– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ™‘” …Šƒ’–‡”• –‘ „‡‰‹•™‹–Š–Š‡Ž‘…ƒ–‹‘ƒ†…‘–‡š–—ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘‘ˆ‘—” ‘„Œ‡…–‘ˆ•–—†›á–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹…ƒ†…‘—‹…ƒ–‹˜‡”‡ƒŽ‹–›‘ˆ…—ƒ†‘”ä‘–



‘Ž›•‘‡ ‘ˆ–Š‡‰”‡ƒ–ˆ‡ƒ–—”‡•–Šƒ–†‡ˆ‹‡–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡‘ˆ–Š‡ †‡ƒ…‘—–”›á„—–ƒŽ•‘–Š‡‡†‹ƒ•›•–‡‹™Š‹…Š‹–‹•‡…‘’ƒ••‡†ƒ† ‹–• ‹’Ž‹…ƒ–‹‘•ˆ‘” ‘—” •—„Œ‡…– ‘ˆ •–—†› ƒ”‡ ƒƒŽ›•‡† ‘ –Š‡•‡ ’ƒ‰‡•ä  –Š‹• ”‡‰ƒ”†á ‹– ‹•‹’‘”–ƒ– –‘ ‡–‹‘ –Š‡ ‡™ …—ƒ†‘”‹ƒ Žƒ™ ƒ™ ‘ˆ ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘á —‡ twá trsu á •‹…‡ ‹– Šƒ• …‘‡ –‘ …Šƒ‰‡ –Š‡ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘•›•–‡‘ˆ–Š‡ …‘—–”› ƒ† ‹–• ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’ ™‹–Š „‘–Š –Š‡ ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ’‘™‡”ƒ†–Š‡ •‘…‹‡–›‹–•‡ŽˆäŠ‡•‡…Šƒ’–‡”•ƒŽ•‘†‡˜‡Ž‘’–™‘‘ˆ –Š‡…—””‡–†‡„ƒ–‡•‹…—ƒ†‘”ã–Š‡’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘’”‘…‡••‘™Š‹…Š Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• Šƒ• „‡‡ ‡„ƒ”‡† ƒ† –Š‡ ’”‘’‘•ƒŽ –‘ ‹…‘”’‘”ƒ–‡ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ƒ•ƒ’—„Ž‹…•‡”˜‹…‡ä Š‹•–Š‡‘”‡–‹…ƒŽ„ƒ•‹•™‹ŽŽƒŽŽ‘™–Š‡”‡ƒ†‡”–‘”‡ƒ…Š–Š‡–Š‹”†’ƒ”–‘ˆ–Š‡ „‘‘…Šƒ’–‡”• –‘ ™‹–Š•—ˆˆ‹…‹‡–…‘…‡’–—ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘•ƒ† …‘–‡š– ƒƒ‰‡‡––‘†‡Ž˜‡‹–‘‡ƒ…Š‘ˆ–Š‡†‹‡•‹‘•‘ˆ–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡ ƒ††”‡••‡†äˆ–‡”ƒ‡–Š‘†‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽƒ†…‘…‡’–—ƒŽˆ”ƒ‡™‘”‡š’Žƒƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ–Š‹• ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹…—Ž–—”‡•‘ˆ…—ƒ†‘”’”‘Œ‡…–á–Š‡”‡•—Ž–•‘ˆ–Š‡•ƒ‡ƒ”‡ –Š‘”‘—‰ŠŽ› ƒƒŽ›•‡† ‹ ‡ƒ…Š ‘ˆ –Š‡ ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰ …Šƒ’–‡”•ä Š—•á –Š‡ ’”‘Œ‡…– ƒ††”‡••‡•–Š‡ƒ‹ˆƒ…–‘”•–Šƒ–…—ƒ†‘”‹ƒŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•’‡”…‡‹˜‡–‘„‡ –Š‡ ‘•–‹ˆŽ—‡–‹ƒŽ‹–Š‡‹”†ƒ‹Ž›™‘”ƒ†–Š‡’‡”ˆ‘”ƒ…‡‘ˆ–Š‡ ˆ—…–‹‘• ‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒ‹™Š‹…Š–Š‡›™‘”â–Š‡’‡”…‡’–‹‘–Šƒ––Š‡›Šƒ˜‡‘ˆ–Š‡”‘Ž‡• ƒ† ˆ—…–‹‘• –Šƒ– –Š‡‹” ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ ‡‡–• –‘†ƒ›â ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ ‰—‹†‡Ž‹‡• –Šƒ–Ž‡ƒ† –Š‡‹” ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘â–Š‡ †‡‰”‡‡ ‘ˆ ƒ—–‘‘› ™‹–Š ™Š‹…Š –Š‡›ˆ‡‡Ž –Š‡›†‡˜‡Ž‘’ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ‹ …—ƒ†‘” ƒ† –Š‡ Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘ˆ –”—•– –Šƒ– –Š‡ ˜ƒ”‹‘—• ’—„Ž‹… ƒ† ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘• ‹ …—ƒ†‘” †‡•‡”˜‡á ƒƒŽ›•‡† ‹ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘ –‘ ’—„Ž‹… †‹• –”—•–‹–Š‡•‡‹•–‹–—–‹‘•ä ‘” –Š‡ †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– ‘ˆ –Š‹• •–—†› ™‡ Šƒ˜‡ ™‘”‡† ™‹–Š ƒ •ƒ’Ž‡ ‘ˆ us …—ƒ†‘”‹ƒ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•á ™‹–Š ƒ ’”‘ˆ‹Ž‡ ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… ’”‘æ ˆ‡••‹‘ ‹ –‡”• ‘ˆ ƒ‰‡á ‰‡†‡”á ’‘•‹–‹‘ ‹ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒá Ž‡‰ƒŽ ƒ–—”‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ’—„Ž‹…á ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ ƒ† …‘—‹–›  ƒ† ˆ‘”ƒ– –‡Ž‡˜‹•‹‘á ‡™•’ƒ’‡” ƒ† ”ƒ†‹‘ ä ŽŽ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ™‡”‡ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡† ‹ †‡’–Šá ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰ ‹–‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ •–ƒ†ƒ”†• ‹ ‘”†‡” –‘ …ƒ””› ‘—– ƒƒŽ›•‹• –‘ „‡ …‘’ƒ”‡† ™‹–Š –Š‡ ”‡•—Ž–• ‘„–ƒ‹‡†‹‘–Š‡”…‘—–”‹‡•äŽ–Š‘—‰Š –Š‡ ”‡•—Ž–•’”‡•‡–‡†‹ –Š‡ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰ ’ƒ‰‡• ƒ”‡ ‘– •–ƒ–‹•–‹…ƒŽŽ› •‹‰‹ˆ‹…ƒ– ƒ† …ƒ ‘– „‡ ‡š–”ƒ’‘Žƒ–‡† –‘ ƒŽŽ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘”á –Š‡› ƒ”‡ ‹–‡”‡•–‹‰ ˆ‘” –Š‡ ƒƒŽ›•‹• ƒ† ƒ”‡ ˜ƒŽ‹† ˆ‘” ƒ ˆ‹”•– ƒ’’”‘ƒ…Š –‘ –Š‡ …—ƒ†‘”‹ƒ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ä Š‹• ƒ’’”‘ƒ…Š ™‹ŽŽ ƒŽŽ‘™ –‘ ‘™ ‘– ‘Ž› –Š‡ …‘–‡š– ‹ ™Š‹…Š –Š‡ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹˜‡ ™‘” ‘ˆ–Š‹•…‘—–”›‹•†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡†á„—–ƒŽ•‘–Š‡Ž‡˜‡Ž‹™Š‹…Š‡š–‡”ƒŽˆƒ…–‘”•ƒ”‡



‹ˆŽ—‡…‹‰ « ‹ˆ ‘– †‡–‡”‹‹‰ « –Š‡ †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– ‘ˆ –Š‡ …—ƒ†‘”‹ƒ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•– ƒ† ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ ‡†‹ƒ •›•–‡ ‹–•‡Žˆá ‹ ™Š‹…Š –Š‡ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ‡†‹ƒ Žƒ™• ’ƒ••‡† ‹ –Š‡ Žƒ•– ˆ‡™ ›‡ƒ”• ‹…Ž—†‹‰ –Šƒ– ‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘”  Šƒ˜‡ …‘‡ –‘ ”‡•Šƒ’‡ –Š‡ ƒ’ ‘ˆ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘á ‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‹‰ –Š‡•‡Ž˜‡• ƒ• ƒ ƒŽ–‡”ƒ–‹˜‡’”‘’‘•‹–‹‘ˆ”‘ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒä





&KDSWHU,

‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹…—Ž–—”‡• sä &XOWXUHDQG &RPPXQLFDWLRQ Š‡ …—””‡– …‘…‡’– ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ …‘‡• ˆ”‘ –Š‡ Žƒ–‡ sz–Š …‡–—”›á™Š‡–Š‡•‘æ…ƒŽŽ‡† ò†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡†…‘—–”‹‡•óƒ†‘’–‡†–Š‡†‡‘…”ƒ–‹… ‹†‡ƒŽƒ• ƒ ’”‹…‹’Ž‡ ‘ˆ ‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ’‘™‡” Š‘’•‘á s{{wã t ä Š‹•†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘• ‘ˆ †‡‘…”ƒ…› ™ƒ• ˆ‘”‰‡† ‹ ƒ ƒ”‡– ‡…‘‘› ƒ† ƒ …ƒ’‹–ƒŽ‹•– ”‡‰‹‡ –Šƒ– ‹…Ž—†‡† –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒä ‘” –Š‡•‡ ”‡ƒ•‘•á –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‘†‡” …—Ž–—”‡á ™Š‡”‡ ò…—Ž–—”ƒŽ ƒ† ‹†‡‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ ‡š’‡”‹‡…‡ ‹• †‡‡’Ž› •Šƒ’‡† „› –Š‡ •’”‡ƒ† ‘ˆ •›„‘Ž‹… ˆ‘”• –Š”‘—‰Š †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ƒ•• ‡†‹ƒó Š‘’•‘á s{{uã t{sæt{t ᕇ–•‘—– ƒ‡†Ž‡••—„‡”‘ˆ…‘…‡’–—ƒŽ’‘••‹„‹Ž‹–‹‡•‘ˆ•‘æ…ƒŽŽ‡†Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡ä ‹–Š‹ ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ …‹‡…‡•á –Š‡ …‘…‡’– ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ ‹• Š‡–‡”‘‰‡‡‘—• ƒ† …ƒ „‡ ˆ‘”‡† „ƒ•‡† ‘ ƒ –Š‹ Ž‹‡ –Šƒ– •‡’ƒ”ƒ–‡• ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ …—Ž–—”‡•ƒ†–Š‡ƒŽ‘•–—Ž‹‹–‡†…‘…‡’–‘ˆ…—Ž–—”‡ƒ•ƒŽ‹ˆ‡•–›Ž‡ã ‘ˆ•–‡†‡ s{zr  ”‡ˆ‡”• –‘ òƒ–‹‘ƒŽ …—Ž–—”‡•ó ™‹–Š‹ ƒ ƒ…”‘掇˜‡Ž –Šƒ– ‹…Ž—†‡• –Š‡ ƒ––‹–—†‡•á ˜ƒŽ—‡• ƒ† „‡Ž‹‡ˆ•ä ‹–Šá ‡–‡”•‘ ƒ† …Š™ƒ”–œ trrt  —†‡”•–ƒ† –Šƒ– …—Ž–—”‡ ‹• ‘”‡ ˆ‘…—•‡† ‘ –Š‡ ‹…”‘ ‘” ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ Ž‡˜‡Ž ƒ• –Š‡ ƒƒŽ›•‹• ‘ˆ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ• ‹ ƒŽŽ ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ •–—†‹‡• „‡…‘‡• ‡…‡••ƒ”›ä ‹ŽŽ‹ƒ• s{wzã sz  †‡ˆ‹‡• ‹– ƒ• ƒ ò…‘’Ž‡–‡ Ž‹ˆ‡•–›Ž‡óä ƒŽŽ s{w{ã us  •–ƒ–‡• –Šƒ– ò‹– ‹• –Š‡ ™ƒ› ‘ˆ Ž‹ˆ‡ ‘ˆ ’‡‘’Ž‡óä ƒŽŽ‡”•–‡‹ s{{sã sw{  ƒŽŽ—†‡• –‘ ‹– ƒ• òƒ ’ƒ–Š ‘ˆ ƒ› ‘–Š‡”• ‹ ™Š‹…Š –Š‡ ‰”‘—’• ‰‡– †‹ˆˆ‡”‡–‹ƒ–‡† ˆ”‘ ‡ƒ…Š ‘–Š‡”óä Ž˜‡••‘ trrtã u  Žƒ‡–• –Šƒ– ò…—Ž–—”‡ ‹• ƒ –”‹…› …‘…‡’– ‹ –Š‡ •‡•‡ –Šƒ– ‹– ‡ƒ•‹Ž› …‘˜‡”• ‡˜‡”›–Š‹‰ „—– †‘‡• ‘– ”‡Žƒ–‡ –‘ ƒ›–Š‹‰óä ”…Š‡” s{{xã t  •ƒ›• –Šƒ– ò…—Ž–—”‡ ‹• ƒ ’”‘„Ž‡ –Šƒ– •‹• ‹–‘ ƒ …‘…‡’–—ƒŽ •™ƒ’ ˆ”‘ ™Š‹…Š ƒ ’”‘’‡” •‘…‹‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ …‘…‡’– ‘ˆ…—Ž–—”‡…‘—Ž†‘–‡‡”‰‡óä • •Š‘™ ‹ –Š‡ ’”‡˜‹‘—• ’ƒ”ƒ‰”ƒ’Šá …—Ž–—”‡ Šƒ• „‡‡ ‹–‡”’”‡–‡† ˆ”‘ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡•ä  –Š‡ ˆ‹ˆ–‹‡•á ƒ–Š”‘’‘Ž‘‰‹•–• Ž‹‡ Ž—…Š‘Š s{wr ƒ† ”‘‡„‡” s{wt  Ž‹•–‡† ‘”‡ –Šƒ sxv †‡ˆ‹‹–‹‘• ‘ˆ –Š‡ –‡” ò…—Ž–—”‡óä ’‡…‹ˆ‹…ƒŽŽ›á Ž—…Š‘Š s{wsã z{  †‡ˆ‹‡† ‹– ƒ• òƒ ’ƒ––‡” ‘ˆ ™ƒ›• ‘ˆ



•›„‘Ž‹… ‡ƒ• –Šƒ– …‘•–‹–—–‡ –Š‡ †‹•–‹…–‹˜‡ ‘ˆ …‡”–ƒ‹ Š—ƒ ‰”‘—’•óä ‡ƒ™Š‹Ž‡á”‘‡„‡”s{wtãsrv •–ƒ–‡†–Šƒ–ò…—Ž–—”‡‹•–”ƒ•‹––‡†„›–Š‡ ‹æ –‡”æ…‘†‹–‹‘• ‘ˆ œ›‰‘–‡• –Šƒ– ƒ”‡ –”ƒ•ˆ‡””‡† –Š”‘—‰Š ’‡‘’Ž‡ ƒ† –‡† –‘ ƒ ƒ‘›‘—• ƒ† •—’”ƒæ’‡”•‘ƒŽ …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡” –Šƒ– …”‡ƒ–‡ ”‡‰—Žƒ” ’ƒ––‡”•‘ˆ •–›Ž‡•ƒ†‡ƒ‹‰•–Šƒ–‡„‘†›…‡”–ƒ‹˜ƒŽ—‡•ƒ†‡ƒ‹‰•óä ‡†‡œ trru  ƒ”‰—‡• –Šƒ– …—Ž–—”‡ „”‹‰• —• –‘ •‘‡–Š‹‰ –Šƒ– „—‹Ž†• ‘” ‹– ‹• „—‹Ž† ƒ……‘”†‹‰ –‘  –Š‡ ™ƒ› ‘ˆ ‘—” ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’•á ™Š‹…Š ‡ƒ• –ƒ‹‰ ‹–‘ƒ……‘—––Š”‡‡ƒ‹‹†‡ƒ•ã Š‡ˆ‹”•–‘‡ƒˆˆ‹”•–Šƒ–•‘…‹ƒŽ”‡ƒŽ‹–›‹•ƒ†‡‘ˆ…‘•–”—…–‹‘•ƒ† …”‡ƒæ –‹˜‹–›á–Šƒ–‹•á‹–‹•‘–ƒˆƒ…–‘”ƒ•‡–‘ˆˆƒ…–•–Š‡•‡Ž˜‡•á„—–‹–…‘•‹•–•‘ˆ ƒ•‡”‹‡•‘ˆ’”‘…‡••‡•–Šƒ–‡‡–ƒ†•‡’ƒ”ƒ–‡†‹ƒŽ‡…–‹…ƒŽŽ›ä Š‡•‡…‘†‘‡”‡ˆ‡”•–‘–Š‡”‡Žƒ–‹‘ƒŽá†‹ƒŽ‘‰‹…ƒ†—Ž–‹æŽ‘‰‹…ƒŽ …‘’‘æ ‡– ‘ˆ …—Ž–—”‡ä Š‹• ‹• ™Š‡”‡ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ •–”‡‰–Š‡• ‹–• Ž‹• ™‹–Š …—Ž–—”‡ –‘ ‹–• ˆ—ŽŽ ƒ••‹‹Žƒ–‹‘ä Šƒ– ‹•á –Š‡ …—Ž–—”ƒŽ ‹• ‡ƒ– ƒ• ƒ ™ƒ› ‘ˆ –ƒ‹‰ ˆ—ŽŽ ƒ†˜ƒ–ƒ‰‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹–‡”ƒ…–‹˜‡ ’‘••‹„‹Ž‹–‹‡• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’• „—‹Ž––Š”‘—‰Šƒ…–‹‘ä Š‡ Žƒ•– ‹†‡ƒ ”‡ˆ‡”• –‘ –Š‡ ˆƒ…– –Šƒ– –ƒŽ‹‰ ‘ˆ …—Ž–—”‡ ƒ• ƒ •‘…‹ƒŽ ’”ƒ…–‹…‡ Ž‡ƒ†• –‘ …‘ˆ‹” –Šƒ– –Š‡”‡ ‹• ‘ …—Ž–—”‡ ™‹–Š‘—– •‘…‹‡–›á ƒ† ‘ ‰”‘—’ ‘” ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ™‹–Š‘—–…—Ž–—”‡• ä Ž‘‰ –Š‡ •ƒ‡ Ž‹‡• –Šƒ– …‘‡…– …—Ž–—”‡ ƒ† …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘á ƒ”–À ƒ”æ „‡”‘ trrs  ”ƒ‹•‡† –Š‡ ‡‡† –‘ ƒƒŽ›•‡ –Š‡ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ˆ”‘ –Š‡ …—Ž–—æ ”ƒŽ •’Š‡”‡ „‡…ƒ—•‡ –Š‡ ”‡†‡ˆ‹‹–‹‘ ‘ˆ …—Ž–—”‡ ‹• –Š‡ ‡› –‘ —†‡”•–ƒ† ‹–• …‘—‹…ƒ–‹˜‡ ƒ–—”‡ä Šƒ– ‹•á ‹–• …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡” ‘ˆ ’”‘†—…‡” ’”‘…‡•• ‘ˆ ‡ƒæ ‹‰• ƒ† ‘– ‘ˆ ‡”‡Ž› ƒ ˆŽ‘™ ‘ˆ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ†á –Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡á ‹ ™Š‹…Š –Š‡ ”‡…‡‹˜‡” ‹• ‘– ƒ ‡”‡ †‡…‘†‡”á „—– ƒŽ•‘ ƒ ’”‘†—…‡”ä Š—•á ˆ”‘ –Š‹• ’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡á …—Ž–—”‡ ‹• ’”‡•‡–‡† ˆ”‘ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ• ƒ †›ƒ‹… ‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ–‹‘ „ƒ•‡† ‘ –”ƒ•ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘á ‡˜‘Ž—–‹‘á …Šƒ‰‡ ƒ†•‡Žˆæ …‘•–”—…–‹‘â ò…‘•‡“—‡…‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ –”ƒ•ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† •‡Žˆæ’”‘†—…–‹‘‘ˆ …—Ž–—”‡ ƒ• ƒ …‘—‹–›ó ‹‡””ƒ ƒ† —ž”‡œá trrrã tt á •‘ –Šƒ– …‘—æ ‹…ƒ–‹‘áˆ”‘–Š‡…—Ž–—”ƒŽ’‘‹–‘ˆ˜‹‡™á„‡‰‹•ˆ”‘•‘…‹ƒŽ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•ƒ•…‡–”ƒŽ …‘’‘‡–•‘ˆ•‘…‹ƒŽ’”ƒ…–‹…‡äƒ•“—ƒŽ‹s{yzãwsæwt ƒˆˆ‹”•–Šƒ– ‹”‡‰ƒ”† –‘–Š‡ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰ã 



Š‡–‡”…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘•Š‘—Ž†„‡”‡•‡”˜‡†–‘–Š‡‡š…Šƒ‰‡‘ˆ‡••ƒ‰‡•ƒ–ƒ ƒ–Š”‘’‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ Ž‡˜‡Ž „‡–™‡‡ ƒ‰‡–• ƒ† Š—ƒ ’ƒ–‹‡–• ‹ ‰‡—‹‡Ž› ”‡…‹’”‘…ƒŽ ‘” †‹ƒŽ‘‰‹… ƒ…–‹‘á ‹…Ž—†‹‰ †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– ƒ† ‡–ƒŽ —†‡”•–ƒæ †‹‰ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡••ƒ‰‡ä ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ‹• ‡“—ƒŽŽ› ƒ ’”‘…‡•• ‘ˆ „”‘ƒ†…ƒ•–‹‰ ‘ˆ ‡••ƒ‰‡•á „—– ”ƒ–Š‡” •ƒ˜‡• ƒˆˆ‹‹–› ™‹–Š –Š‡ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘ƒŽ …ƒ–‡‰‘”› ‘ˆ …ƒ—•ƒŽ‹–›ä Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡á …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ‘” –Š‡ ”ƒ’’‘”– ‘ˆ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ‹ ‹–• ’—”‡ •–ƒ–‡ ‹• –Š‡ Š—ƒ …‘—‹–› ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’ –Šƒ– …‘•‹•–• ‘ –Š‡ ‡‹••‹‘ ƒ† ”‡æ …‡’–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‡••ƒ‰‡• „‡–™‡‡ ‹–‡”Ž‘…—–‘”• ‹ ƒ –‘–ƒŽ •–ƒ–‡ ‘ˆ ”‡…‹’”‘…‹–›á –Š—• „‡‹‰ƒ‡••‡–‹ƒŽˆƒ…–‘”‘ˆ…‘‡š‹•–‡…‡ƒ†ƒ†‡–‡”‹‹‰‡Ž‡‡–‘ˆ–Š‡ˆ‘”• –Šƒ–Š—ƒ•‘…‹ƒ„‹Ž‹–›ƒ••—‡•ä

Š‡ˆ—…–‹‘•–Šƒ–ƒ” s{uz s ‰‹˜‡•–‘…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘‹–Š‡…—Ž–—”ƒŽ’”‘æ …‡•• ƒ”‡ ƒ‹Ž› ˆ‘—”ã s  …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ …”‡ƒ–‡•á ‘” ƒ– Ž‡ƒ•– ‹– ƒ‡• ’‘••‹æ „Ž‡á–Šƒ–…‘•‡•—•ƒ†—†‡”•–ƒ†‹‰ƒ‘‰–Š‡‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ•…‘’‘•‹‰–Š‡ •‘…‹ƒŽ‰”‘—’–Šƒ– —Ž–‹ƒ–‡Ž› ’”‘˜‹†‡• –Š‡ –Š‡ …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”á ‘– ‘Ž› ‘ˆ•‘…‹‡–›á „—– ‘ˆ …—Ž–—”ƒŽ —‹–›â t  –Š‡ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡• –Š‡ ˆ”ƒ‡™‘” ‘ˆ …—•–‘• ƒ† —–—ƒŽ ‡š’‡…–ƒ–‹‘• –Šƒ– —‹–‡• •‘…‹ƒŽ ‡–‹–‹‡• ƒ•†‹˜‡”•‡ ƒ• ˆƒ‹Ž›á –”ƒ†‡ —‹‘• ‘” ƒ”‡– „ƒ”‰ƒ‹‡”•â u  …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ƒ‹–ƒ‹• –Š‡ ‡…‡••ƒ”›Šƒ”‘›–Šƒ–ƒŽŽ‘™•–Š‡ˆ—…–‹‘‹‰‘ˆ•‘…‹‡–›â ƒ†v –Š‡ˆƒ‹Ž› ‰”‘—’á  –Š‡  Žƒ„‘—”  ‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ–‹‘  ƒ†  ‘–Š‡”  ˆ‘”•  ‘ˆ  •‘…‹‡–›á ™‹–Š –Š‡ ‡š…‡’–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘•– ˆŽ‡‡–‹‰ ‘‡•á Šƒ˜‡ ƒ Š‹•–‘”› ƒ† ƒ –”ƒ†‹–‹‘ä Š”‘—‰Š…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘–Šƒ––”ƒ†‹–‹‘‹•’ƒ••‡†‘äŠ—•á –Š‡…‘–‹—‹–› ‘ˆ’—„Ž‹…‡–‡”’”‹•‡•ƒ†•‘…‹ƒŽ‹•–‹–—–‹‘•‹•‡•—”‡†ä Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡á–ƒŽ‹‰ƒ„‘—–Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡‡ƒ•ƒˆˆ‹”‹‰–Š‡ „‹Žƒ–‡”ƒŽ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’„‡–™‡‡…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ƒ†…—Ž–—”‡ãò—Ž–—”‡‹• ƒ‹ˆ‡•–‡† ‹Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡’ƒ––‡”•áƒ…–‹˜‹–‹‡•ƒ†„‡Šƒ˜‹‘—”•–Šƒ–ƒ…–ƒ•‘†‡Ž•‹ƒ…–• ‘ˆ…‘‘ƒ†ƒ’–ƒ–‹‘–‘•‘‡…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘•–›Ž‡•–Šƒ–ƒŽŽ‘™—•–‘ Ž‹˜‡ ‹•‘…‹‡–›ƒ†‹ƒ’ƒ”–‹…—Žƒ”‰‡‘‰”ƒ’Š‹…ƒŽ‡˜‹”‘‡–™‹–Šƒ ’ƒ”–‹…—Žƒ” –‡…Š‹…ƒŽ †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– ƒ† ‹ ƒ ’ƒ”–‹…—Žƒ” ’‡”‹‘† ‘ˆ –‹‡ å …—Ž–—”‡ ‹• ’‡”•‹•–‡–á’‡”ƒ‡–ƒ†‘‹’”‡•‡–󃏑˜ƒ”á‘”–‡”ƒ† ƒ‹á s{zsã tvætw ä

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’”‡†‹•’‘•‹–‹‘• ƒ• –Š‡ †‘‹ƒ– ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ …—Ž–—”‡ä Š‡•‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ‹†‡‘Ž‘‰‹‡•‘……—’›ƒ•’‡…‹ˆ‹… ’‘•‹–‹‘™‹–Š‹–Š‡•’ƒ…‡‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ ƒ† ‘”‰ƒ‹•‡ –Š‡•‡Ž˜‡• ƒ‰ƒ‹•– ‘–Š‡” –›’‡• ‘ˆ ‹†‡‘Ž‘‰‹‡•ä ”‘ –Š‹•’‘‹– ‘ˆ ˜‹‡™á –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ ‹• ‘”‡ –Šƒ –Š‡ ‹†‡‘Ž‘‰›á ‹– ‹• ™Š‡”‡–Š‡ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ‹†‡‘Ž‘‰‹‡• …‘‡ –‘‰‡–Š‡” –‘ ”‡ƒ…Š ƒ ‹–‡”’”‡–ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ •‘…‹ƒŽ ˆ—…–‹‘ ƒ† –Š‡ ‹†‡–‹–› ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ä  –Š‡ ƒƒŽ›•‹• ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•á ‹†‡‘Ž‘‰› ‹• —†‡”•–‘‘†á ˆ‹”•–á ƒ• ƒ •›•–‡ ‘ˆ ‹†‡ƒ•ƒ†á•‡…‘†Ž›á ‹–‡”•‘ˆ†‹•’—–‡ ‘˜‡”…‘–”‘Žƒ†’‘™‡” ƒ‹–œ•…Šá trry ä s  Š‡ ‹– ‹• —†‡”•–‘‘† ƒ• ƒ •›•–‡ ‘ˆ ‹†‡ƒ•á ‹†‡‘Ž‘‰› ‹• …‘•–‹–—–‡† ƒ• ‘”‰ƒ‹•‡† –Š‘—‰Š–• –Šƒ– ˆ‘” …‘•‹•–‡– ™ƒ›• ‘ˆ ‹–‡”ƒŽ –Š‘—‰Š– –Šƒ– ƒ”‡ ƒ‹ˆ‡•–‡† ƒ• ƒ •‡– ‘ˆ ˜ƒŽ—‡•á ‰—‹†‡Ž‹‡• ƒ† ’”‡†‹•’‘•‹–‹‘• —ŽŽá trrr ä Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡á ò‹†‡‘Ž‘‰› ‹• •‡‡ ƒ• ƒ …‘Š‡•‹˜‡á …‘…‹Ž‹ƒ–‘”› ƒ† •‘…‹ƒŽ‹•‹‰ •–”‡‰–ŠóŠ‘‡ƒ‡”ƒ†‡‡•‡s{{sãwv áòˆ‘”‡”‘ˆƒ•Šƒ”‡† ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ‹†‡‘Ž‘‰›–Šƒ–ƒ…–•ƒ•ƒ…—Ž–—”ƒŽ„ƒ•‹•ó‡—œ‡átrrwãvvxævvy •Š‘™‹‰ Œ‘—”æ ƒŽ‹•–• ƒ• ƒ ‰”‘—’ ƒ† Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ƒ•ƒ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘â„‡‹‰–Š‹• ˆ‘—†ƒ–‹‘–Š‡ ‹†‡–‹–›‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ä t  Š‡ ‹– ‹• ”ƒ‹•‡† ƒ• …‘–”‘Ž ƒ† ’‘™‡”á ‹†‡‘Ž‘‰› ƒ‹–ƒ‹• ƒ …”‹–‹…ƒŽ ’‘•‹–‹‘á™Š‡”‡–Š‡’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡•‘ˆ•–”—…–—”‡‘ˆ’‘™‡”‡–™‘”•ƒ†–Š”‡ƒ†• ‘ˆ Š‡‰‡‘› ƒ”‡ ‹…Ž—†‡†á †‡˜‡Ž‘’‹‰ –Š‡ …‘…‡’– ‘ˆ ‡”…Šƒ†‹•‡ƒ• –Š‡ ’”‘…‡•• ‹ ™Š‹…Š –Š‡ •‘…‹ƒŽ ‡–ƒ„‘Ž‹• ƒ”šá s{z{  ƒ† ò•–ƒ–‡ •’‹”‹–ó ƒ’’‡ƒ” ƒ• ƒ …‘–‹—ƒ–‹‘ –‘ –Š‡ ’ƒ•– ƒ† –Š‡ ˆ—–—”‡  ”ƒ•…‹á s{ytã ty ä ‡‰ƒ”†‹‰ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•á ‹†‡‘Ž‘‰› ‹• ƒ •Šƒ”‡” ‹ –Š‡ …‘…‡’–• ‘ˆ ò•–ƒ–‡ •’‹”‹–ó ƒ† ò‡”…Šƒ†‹•‡ó ™Š‡ ‹– ‹• †‹•’Žƒ›‡† ƒ• ƒ ‡š’”‡••‹‘ ‘ˆ ™‡•–‡” …—Ž–—æ ”ƒŽ Š‡‰‡‘› ‘˜‡” Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… ’”ƒ…–‹…‡• –Šƒ– †‹ˆˆ‡” ˆ”‘ –Š‡•‡ •–ƒ†ƒ”†•ä Š‡•‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ‹†‡‘Ž‘‰‹‡• ‘……—’› ƒ •’‡…‹ˆ‹… ’‘•‹–‹‘ ™‹–Š‹ –Š‡ •’ƒ…‡ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡á™Š‹…Šƒ”‡™‹–Š‹‹–ƒ†–Š‡›‘”‰ƒ‹•‡–Š‡•‡Ž˜‡•ƒ‰ƒ‹•– ‘–Š‡” –›’‡• ‘ˆ ‹†‡‘Ž‘‰‹‡•ä Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡á –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ ‹…Ž—†‡• ƒŽŽ –Š‡ ƒ‹ ‘”‹‡–ƒ–‹‘• ˜ƒŽ—‡•á ƒ––‹–—†‡• ƒ† „‡Ž‹‡ˆ• á ’”ƒ…–‹…‡• ƒ†ƒ”–‡ˆƒ…–• ’”‘†—…–•ƒ†–‡š–• ‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ƒ‹–œ•…Šátrry ä

uä -RXUQDOLVWLF&XOWXUH Š‡ Š‡–‡”‘‰‡‡‘—• ƒ–—”‡‘ˆ –Š‡ …‘…‡’– ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡ …ƒ—•‡• ‹– –‘ „‡ …‘•‹†‡”‡† ˆ”‘ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ƒ‰Ž‡•ã ‡™• …—Ž–—”‡ ‡‹†‡”›…šá s{{u â Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡• ƒ‹•„‘”†á trrrâ ‘ŽŽ‹ˆ‹‡Ž†á ‘•‹…‹ ƒ† ‡…‡”á trrsâ



‘•„ƒ…Šƒ†ƒ––‡”•‘átrrv⃖–‡”•‘ƒ†‘•„ƒ…Šátrrx⇇„Ž‡átrrw â ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ …—Ž–—”‡ ‡—œ‡á trrt ⠐‡™•’ƒ’‡” …—Ž–—”‡ ‘––á  ƒ””‘ŽŽ ƒ† ‡›‡”átrrt ␇™•’”‘†—…–‹‘…—Ž–—”‡…Š—†•‘átrru â Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡ ƒ’„‡ŽŽátrrvâ —”‡˜‹–…Šƒ†Ž—Ž‡”átrrv â’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ …—Ž–—”‡••‡”á trrv ᇖ…䑈•–‡†‡s{zr ‹–‡”’”‡–•‹–ƒ•–Š‡–Š‹„‘”†‡”–Šƒ––Š‡†‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ…—Ž–—”‡•ˆ‘”áƒ†ƒ”Š—”•–trru ƒ•ƒ…‘•–‡ŽŽƒ–‹‘‘ˆ ’”ƒ…–‹…‡• –Šƒ– Šƒ˜‡ ƒ…“—‹”‡† ƒ •’‡…‹ƒŽ Ž‡˜‡Ž ™‹–Š‹ –Š‡ „”‘ƒ† †‘ƒ‹ ‘ˆ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ä ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ ƒ‹–œ•…Š trry á –Š‡ ‹†‡ƒ•á ‘” •’‡…‹ˆ‹… …‘‰æ ‹–‹‘á ‘ˆ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•– ƒ”‡ „ƒ•‡† ‘ Š‹• …—Ž–—”ƒŽ ‹†‡ƒ•á –Š”‘—‰Š ™Š‹…Š Š‡ …”‡ƒ–‡• Š‹• ‘™ •‹‰‹ˆ‹…ƒ– ”‡ƒŽ‹–› –Šƒ– ƒŽŽ‘™• Š‹ –‘ ˆ‘” Š‹• ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ „‡Šƒ˜‹‘”•™‹–Š‹–Š‡…‘ŽŽ‡…–‹˜‡‘™Ž‡†‰‡ä ”‘–Š‡•‡†‡ˆ‹‹–‹‘•á‹–‹•…Ž‡ƒ”–Šƒ–Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ƒ†Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ïƒ––‹–—†‡• ƒ”‡‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡†‹ƒŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡–Šƒ–…‘–ƒ‹•–Š‡–›’‹…ƒŽƒ†–”ƒæ †‹–‹‘ƒŽ˜ƒŽ—‡‘ˆƒ…‘‘™ƒ›–‘ƒ…–ä …‘•‡“—‡…‡á–Š‡•‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡• ƒ”‡ ò—‹“—‡ó ƒ† ò•‹‰—Žƒ”ó ƒ†á ƒ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ ••‡” trrv á…ƒ ‘– „‡ —†‡”•–‘‘† ƒ• Š‘‘‰‡‡‘—• …‘—‹–‹‡• ‘ˆ ˜ƒŽ—‡•ä ƒ–Š‡”á –Š‡› ƒ”‡Š›„”‹†•‹™Š‹…Š–”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‡Ž‡‡–•Ž‹‡†–‘ ‹–‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ‘‡•’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‡á‹–‡”ƒ…–‹‰™‹–Š‡ƒ…Š‘–Š‡”†›ƒ‹…ƒŽŽ›ä Š—•á òŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹• …ƒ ‘Ž› „‡ †‡ˆ‹‡† ‹ ‹–• ‘™ ™‘”á ƒŽ™ƒ›• ˆƒ•–á ‹‘æ ˜ƒ–‹˜‡ƒ††‹ˆˆ‹…—Ž––‘…‘†‹ˆ›óƒ‡Žƒ†ž†ƒ„ƒás{{{ãsw –Šƒ–ò„—‹Ž†• –Š‡ ‹†‡–‹ˆ›‹‰ ˆ‡ƒ–—”‡• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”‘Ž‡• ƒ† ”‘—–‹‡• –Šƒ–á ‹ –Š‡ ƒ„•–”ƒ…– Ž‡˜‡Žá ”‡’”‡•‡– –Š‡ •›„‘Ž‹… ˆ”ƒ‡™‘” ‘ˆ ƒ …‘ŽŽ‡…–‹˜‡ä –• ‘™Ž‡†‰‡á –Š‡á „‡æ …‘‡• ‡••‡–‹ƒŽ –‘ –Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ „‡…ƒ—•‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ †‡ˆ‹‡• –Š‡ ’‡”‹‡–‡”•—””‘—†‹‰Š‹•™‘”óŽŽ‡”ƒ†ƒ””‡†‘átrsuãsr ä —‡ –‘ –Š‡ ™‹†‡” ”ƒ‰‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹†‡ƒ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡á –Š‡ ƒ‹ …ŠƒŽŽ‡æ ‰‡ ‘ˆ ƒ ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š –Šƒ– ƒƒŽ›•‡• ‹– Ž‹‡• ‹ –Š‡ ‡’‹•–‡‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ †‘ƒ‹ ‘ˆ –Š‹• …‘…‡’–ä ‹”•– „‡…ƒ—•‡ ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡”•á ™Š‡ ƒƒŽ›•‹‰ ƒ …—Ž–—”ƒŽ ƒ† Œ‘—”ƒæ Ž‹•–‹… …‘–‡š– †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– –‘ –Š‡‹”•á –‡† –‘ •‡‡ ‹– ƒ• ƒ ‹† ‘ˆ ò•ƒˆƒ”‹ ”‡•‡ƒ”…Šó ƒ–”ƒ‹•ƒ†ƒ‰‡ás{{xã v ‹™Š‹…Šò†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡•ƒ”‡ …‘’ƒ”‡† „ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡‹” ‘™ …—Ž–—”ƒŽ ˜ƒŽ—‡•ó ƒ‹–œ•…Šá trr{„ã vtt ä Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡á ƒ –Š‘”‘—‰Š —†‡”•–ƒ†‹‰ ‘ˆ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ ‘ˆ ƒ …‘—æ –”› ‘” ”‡‰‹‘ …ƒ””‹‡• ƒ ‹† ‘ˆ …”‘••æ…—Ž–—”ƒŽ •–—†› –Šƒ– ‘ˆ–‡ ‹’Ž‹…‹–Ž› ƒ••—‡•ƒ‡–Š‘†‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽá–Š‡‘”‡–‹…ƒŽƒ†…‘…‡’–—ƒŽ —‹˜‡”•ƒŽ‹•ä ‘”–Š‹•”‡ƒ•‘á–Š‡ ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹…—Ž–—”‡•‘ˆ…—ƒ†‘””‘Œ‡…–”‘›‡…–‘—Žæ –—”ƒ ‡”‹‘†À•–‹…ƒ †‡ …—ƒ†‘”  ƒ’’”‘ƒ…Š‡• ƒ ƒƒŽ›•‹• ‘ˆ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹…



…—Ž–—”‡‘ˆƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒƒ†…—ƒ†‘”ˆ”‘–Š‡…‘…‡’–—ƒŽƒ††‹–‹‘‘ˆ ƒŽŽ –Š‡†‡ˆ‹‹–‹‘•‰‹˜‡ƒ„‘˜‡áƒ˜‘‹†‹‰–Š‡†‹•…ƒ”†•›•–‡ä”‹ƒ”‹Ž›„‡…ƒ—æ •‡ ”ƒ”‡Ž›‹• –Š‡ …‘…‡’– ‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ •–—†‹‡† ‹ƒ …‘—–”›‹ ƒ ‹æ†‡’–Š™ƒ›–Šƒ––ƒ‡•‹–‘ƒ……‘—–ƒŽŽ–Š‡•–”—…–—”ƒŽ†‹‡•‹‘•‘ˆ –Š‡ …‘…‡’– ƒ† –Š‡ ‡’‹”‹…ƒŽ ”‡ƒŽ‹–‹‡• –Šƒ– ƒ”‡ ‹˜‘Ž˜‡† ‹ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘á–Š‡‡†‹ƒƒ†Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ä –—†›‹‰ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•– ‹ ƒ …‘–‡š–—ƒŽ‹•‡† ™ƒ› ‡–ƒ‹Ž• ‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‹‰ ƒ •–”—…–—”ƒŽˆ”ƒ‡™‘”‘ˆ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽƒƒŽ›•‹•‘”†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡†ˆ”‘ ”‡Žƒ–‹˜‡Ž› Š‘‘‰‡‡‘—•‰”‘—’• –Šƒ–ƒŽŽ‘™•‘„–ƒ‹‹‰—‹“—‡”‡•—Ž–•‘ˆ–Š‡•—„Œ‡…– ‘ˆ •–—†›ä ‡…ƒ—•‡ ò–Š‡ ‘‘•t ‘ˆ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… ˆ‹‡Ž† ‹• ”‡ˆŽ‡…–‡† ‹ –Š‡ –”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽ ˜ƒŽ—‡• –Šƒ– ƒ”‡ †‡‡’Ž› ‹–‡‰”ƒ–‡† ‹–‘ –Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ …—Ž–—”‡• ‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•óƒ‹–œ•…Šátrsrãvy{ ä – ‹• –Š—• …‘•‹†‡”‡† –Šƒ– ò–Š‡ ‹†‡–‹–› ƒ† ’‡”•‘ƒŽ‹–› ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•– ƒ…– ƒ• ƒ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š…‡–”‡‘–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡óŽŽ‡”ƒ†‡‹‡”átrstãus â•‘‹– ‹• ’‘••‹„Ž‡ –‘ •–—†› –Š‡ Ž‹• „‡–™‡‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ƒ† …—Ž–—”ƒŽ …‘–‡š– ƒ‹–œ•…Šátrry ä

&RQFOXVLRQV • •‡‡ –Š”‘—‰Š‘—– –Š‹• …Šƒ’–‡”á –Š‡ …‘…‡’– ‘ˆ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ …—Ž–—”‡ ƒ•–‹á trrw⋃ŽŽás{{t ƒ’’‡ƒ”•…Ž‘•‡–‘–Š‡…‘…‡’–‘ˆ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹†‡‘Ž‘‰›  ‘Žæ †‹ƒ†ŽŽ‹‘–ás{y{â…Š—†•‘ás{{r 䊋•’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹†‡‘Ž‘‰›á ƒ••‘…‹ƒ–‡† ™‹–Š –Š‡ ˜ƒŽ—‡• ‘ˆ ‹’ƒ”–‹ƒŽ‹–›á ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–› ƒ† ƒ……—”ƒ…›  ‘Ž†‹‰ ƒ† ŽŽ‹‘–á s{y{ ᑈ–‡•Š‘™•–Š‡—‹˜‡”•ƒŽ‹†‡ƒŽ•–ƒ–—•ˆ‘”Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ƒ†”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡”•‹ –Š‡†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–‘ˆ–Š‡‹”’”ƒ…–‹…‡•ƒ†•–—†‹‡•äŠ‡•‡“—‡•–‹‘•Ž‡ƒ†ƒ—–Š‘”• •—…Š ƒ• ƒ‹–œ•…Š trry  –‘ ’”‘’‘•‡ ™Š‡–Š‡” –Š‡”‡ ‹• ƒ…–—ƒŽŽ› ƒ …‘‘ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ …—Ž–—”‡ ‹ –Š‡ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ”‡‰‹‘• ƒ”‘—† –Š‡ ™‘”Ž†â‘”‡‡•‡ trrsã syz á ™Š‘ †‡Ž˜‡• ‹–‘ –Š‡ †‡„ƒ–‡ ‘˜‡” –Š‡ ‡š‹•–‡…‡ ‘ˆ ƒ ‹† ‘ˆ ò…‘•‘’‘Ž‹–ƒ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ó –Šƒ– •Šƒ”‡• ƒ ‹†‡‘Ž‘‰› ƒ† ƒ …‘‘ ’”‘æ ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ…‘…‡’–—ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘‹–Š‡™‘”Ž†‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ä  ‘”†‡” –‘ ƒ•™‡” –Š‡•‡ “—‡•–‹‘•á ‹– ‹• ‡••‡–‹ƒŽ –‘ Šƒ˜‡ ƒ …Ž‡ƒ” ‘’‡”ƒæ –‹‘ƒŽ …‘…‡’–—ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ ™‹–Š‹ ƒ †‹˜‡”•‡ …—Ž–—”ƒŽ …‘–‡š–䐎›–Š‡á™‘—Ž† ‹–„‡ ƒ…Š‹‡˜‡†áƒ•ƒ‹–œ•…Štrry •–ƒ–‡•á–Š‡ ƒš‹— •–ƒ„‹Ž‹–› ƒ† …‘…‡’–—ƒŽ ˜ƒŽ‹†‹–› ™‹–Š‹ –Š‡ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– …—Ž–—”ƒŽ …‘–‡š–•ä Š‹• ’”‘Œ‡…– –ƒ‡• ƒ• ‘‡ ‘ˆ ‹–• •–ƒ”–‹‰ ’‘‹–• –Š‡ “—‡•–‹‘‹‰ –Šƒ– ƒ›



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‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡‘ˆƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒ $EVWUDFW

‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡•–Šƒ–†‹ˆˆ‡”ˆ”‘–Š‡‡•–‡”•–ƒ†ƒ”† ‹–‡”‡†‹ƒ–‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡• «ƒ”‡ˆ‹”•–•–—†‹‡†—†‡”ƒŽ‘…ƒŽ’ƒ”ƒ†‹‰á„ƒ•‡†‘ –Š‡…‘–‡š–—ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ••‡†‹ƒˆ‹‡Ž†‘ˆ–Š‡”‡‰‹‘‘”–Š‡ …‘—–”› ƒƒŽ›•‡†äŠ‹•‡™‹˜‡•–‹‰ƒ–‹˜‡ƒ”…Š‡–›’‡Šƒ•‡ƒ––Šƒ–Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ƒ”‡ •–—†‹‡†™‹–Š‹–Š‡‹”…‘–‡š–‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽŽ‡˜‡Žá‹•–‹–—–‹‘Ž‡˜‡Žáƒ†•›•–‡ Ž‡˜‡Žä Š‡ –Š‡‘”‡–‹…ƒŽ ƒƒŽ›•‹• ‘ˆ –Š‹• ’”‘Œ‡…– •Š‘™• Š‘™ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ ‘ˆ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ ‹• •–‹ŽŽ ‹„—‡† ™‹–Š …‘Ž‘‹ƒŽ‹•– ƒ† ‹’‡”‹ƒŽ‹•– …‘‘–ƒ–‹‘•–Šƒ–…‘•–‹–—–‡ƒ††‡ˆ‹‡–Š‡‹”‡†‹ƒ•›•–‡•ƒ† …‘—æ ‹…ƒ–‹‘˜ƒŽ—‡•ä‘™‡˜‡”დ—ƒŽ‹–ƒ–‹˜‡ƒ†“—ƒ–‹–ƒ–‹˜‡…Šƒ‰‡ ”‡‰ƒ”†‹‰ –Š‡…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘’‘Ž‹…›‹–Š‹•”‡‰‹‘…ƒƒŽ•‘„‡•‡‡–‘†ƒ›äŠ‡”‡ˆ‘”‡á ™‡ …ƒ •ƒ› –Šƒ– –Š‡ •‘æ…ƒŽŽ‡† òƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ ‹–‡”‡†‹ƒ–‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ó‹•†‡ˆ‹‡†‘–Š‡„ƒ•‹•‘ˆ‹–•—Ž–‹…—Ž–—”ƒŽƒ†—Ž–‹‡–Š‹……Šƒ”ƒ…æ –‡”ƒ†ˆ”‘‹–•‘™’ƒ”–‹…—Žƒ”‹–‹‡•ƒ†‹†‹‘•›…”ƒ•‹‡•ä ‘”–Š‡•‡ ”‡ƒ•‘•á ‹–Š‹•…Šƒ’–‡”‹–‹•ƒƒŽ›•‡†ˆ”‘ƒ†›ƒ‹…ƒ†ò‰Ž‘…ƒŽó’‘‹–‘ˆ˜‹‡™‘ˆ …—Ž–—”‡â”‡ˆŽ‡…–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡–”ƒ•ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘•á‹ˆŽ—‡…‡•ƒ†•‘…‹ƒŽá ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽá ‡…‘‘‹…á…—Ž–—”ƒŽáŠ‹•–‘”‹…ƒŽá‹†‡‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽƒ†‡†‹ƒ‹…‘•‹•–‡…‹‡•‹–Š‹• ”‡‰‹‘äŠ‡•‡ƒ•’‡…–•Šƒ˜‡‡š’‘•‡†–Š‡—‹ˆ›‹‰…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹…•‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒæ Ž‹•–•ƒ†–Š‡‡†‹ƒ‹”‡Žƒ–‹‘–‘–Š‡ƒ‹•–”—…–—”ƒŽ…‘”‡•‘ˆ…—””‡–ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ†‡‘…”ƒ…‹‡•ä



,QWURGXFWLRQ ‡…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹…‘ˆƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒ‹•‹–•†‹˜‡”•‹–›ƒ† —Ž–‹æƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‹–›á ‡˜‡„‡›‘†‰‡‘’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ„‘—†ƒ”‹‡•–Šƒ–ˆ‘”‡ƒ…Š‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡…‘—–”‹‡•‹ –Š‹•”‡‰‹‘äŠ‡‡”‹…ƒ•—„…‘–‹‡–ᇘ‡–‘†ƒ›á…‘–‹—‡•–‘„‡ …Šƒæ ”ƒ…–‡”‹•‡†„›–Š‡…‘Œ—…–‹‘‘ˆƒ‰”‘—’‘ˆ”‡‰‹‘•†‡ˆ‹‡†ˆ”‘‹–•‘™ ƒ–—”‡• ƒ† •‹‰—Žƒ”‹–›ä Š‹• ‹• –Š‡ ”‡ƒ•‘ ™Š›á ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š ’‘‹– ‘ˆ˜‹‡™á‹–‹•ƒ†‹ˆˆ‹…—Ž–”‡‰‹‘–‘ƒƒŽ›•‡ƒ––Š‡‘”‡–‹…ƒŽƒ†’”ƒ…–‹…ƒŽŽ‡˜‡Žä ‹…‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• „‡‰ƒ –‘ „‡ •–—†‹‡† „ƒ… ‹ –Š‡ ‹‡–‡‡ –Š‹”–‹‡•á ƒ ‡‘”‘—•—„‡”‘ˆ•–—†‹‡•Šƒ˜‡ƒ––‡’–‡†–‘†‡…‹’Š‡”–Š‡ ’ƒ”ƒ‡–‡”• –Šƒ–†‡ˆ‹‡–Š‹•’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ä‘™‡˜‡”ዐƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒ–Š‡”‡™ƒ•‘–ƒ”‡ƒŽ ’—•Šˆ‘…—•‡†‘–Š‡ƒ”‡ƒ‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ƒ†…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘—–‹Ž–Š‡ Žƒ•– –Š”‡‡†‡…ƒ†‡•‘ˆ–Š‡tr–Š…‡–—”›â‘”‡‘˜‡”ዐ‹–‹ƒŽŽ›á–Š‡•‡•–—†‹‡• ™‡”‡ ’‡”ˆ‘”‡† ‹ ƒ †‡…‘–‡š–—ƒŽ‹œ‡† ™ƒ›á ‹•‘Žƒ–‹‰ –Š‡ ‘„Œ‡…– ‘ˆ ƒƒŽ›•‹• ‹ “—‡•–‹‘ä•‡ŽŽƒ†‘trr{ãsr •–ƒ–‡•áò–Š‡”‡•‡ƒ”…Š–‘’‹…•Šƒ˜‡„‡‡‘”‡ ‘”‹‡–‡†–‘™ƒ”†•–Š‡”‡…‡‹˜‡”á–Š‡‡†‹—‘”–Š‡‡••ƒ‰‡ˆ‘”–Š‡•‡Ž˜‡•á ‘––‘–Š‡–”ƒ•‹––‡”ƒ••—„Œ‡…–‹ˆŽ—‡…‡†ƒ†…‘†‹–‹‘‡†„›ƒ …‘–‡šæ –—ƒŽƒ†’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ”‡ƒŽ‹–›óä Š‡‡‡† –‘‘™–Š‡…‘–‡š–•—””‘—†‹‰ –Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•– ƒ†–Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ‘ˆƒ”‡‰‹‘áŠƒ•…ƒ—•‡†…‘–‡š–—ƒŽ‹•‡†•–—†‹‡•ƒ„‘—–Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡• ‘ˆ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ”‡‰‹‘• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‰Ž‘„‡ –‘ Šƒ˜‡ ƒ’’‡ƒ”‡† ‹ ”‡…‡– ›‡ƒ”•ä Š‹• ‹• –Š‡ …ƒ•‡ ‹ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ ™Š‡”‡á —†‡” –Š‡ ’ƒ”ƒ†‹‰ ‘ˆ ‹–‡”‡†‹ƒ–‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡áŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•‹••–—†‹‡†„ƒ•‡†‘Ž‘…ƒŽ•‘…‹ƒŽá ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽá ‹†‡‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽá –‡…Š‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽá Š‹•–‘”‹…ƒŽá ‡–Š‹… ƒ† ‡…‘‘‹… ƒ•’‡…–• « ƒ† ‰Ž‘„ƒŽƒ†”‡‰‹‘ƒŽ…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹…•‹ˆŽ—‡…‡†ˆ”‘‡•–‡”Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡á‹’”‡‰ƒ–‡†™‹–Š…‘‡”…‹ƒŽá•–ƒ†ƒ”†‹•‡†á…‘Ž‘‹ƒŽ‹•–ƒ†‹’‡æ ”‡ƒŽ‹•–…‘‘–ƒ–‹‘•ä ‘”–Š‡”‡ƒ•‘•Ž‹•–‡†ƒ„‘˜‡á–Š‡ƒƒŽ›•‹•‘ˆ–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡‘ˆ ƒæ –‹‡”‹…ƒ—•–•–ƒ”–ˆ”‘–Š‡…‘…‡’–‘ˆƒ†›ƒ‹…ƒ†…Šƒ‰‹‰ …—Ž–—æ ”‡á”‡ˆŽ‡š‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡’ƒ••ƒ‰‡‘ˆ–‹‡ƒ†•‘…‹ƒŽ–”ƒ•ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘•ä–—†‹‡• ‘ˆ …—Ž–—”‡’‡”ˆ‘”‡†‹–Š‡Žƒ–‡tr–Šƒ†‡ƒ”Ž›ts•–…‡–—”›•Š‘™–Šƒ–‘‡‘ˆ –Š‡…‡–”ƒŽ…‘”‡•‘ˆ…Šƒ‰‡Šƒ• „‡‡–Š‡…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘–Šƒ–ᆗ‡–‘–Š‡ ‹•–ƒ„‹Ž‹–›–Šƒ–Šƒ•‡š‹•–‡†‹–Š‡”‡‰‹‘áŠƒ•ƒ…–‡†ƒ••Šƒˆ–‘ˆãs ƒ—–‘…”ƒ…‹‡•  ‘˜‡”‡–•‹™Š‹…Š–Š‡ƒ—–Š‘”‹–›”‡•–•™‹–Š‘‡’‡”•‘ƒ†™‹–Š‘—–ƒ› Ž‹‹–â t  †‹…–ƒ–‘”•Š‹’• ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–• ‡‡”‰‡† ‹–Š‡s{–Š…‡–—”› ƒ†•’”‡ƒ†‹•‘‡…‘—–”‹‡•‹–Š‡ƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒ”‡‰‹‘—–‹Ž –Š‡ Žƒ–‡ tr–Š



…‡–—”›á „ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡ ‰‘˜‡”‹‰ ‘ˆ ƒ Ž‡ƒ†‡” ‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡†„› ‹ˆ‘”ƒŽ ‡…Šƒ‹••«•‘‡–‹‡•ƒ—–Š‘”‹–ƒ”‹ƒƒ†•—’’‘”–‡†„›ƒ‰”‡ƒ– ƒ‘—– ‘ˆ ’‡‘’Ž‡â u  –Š‡ Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘ ™ƒ”• « „ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡ ƒ–‹æ‹’‡”‹ƒŽ‹•á ‡…‘‘‹… ‡‘…‘Ž‘‹ƒŽ †‡’‡†‡…‡ ƒ† ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘ ’”‘…‡••‡•™Š‹…Š ‡‡”‰‡† –Š”‘—‰Š‘—– –Š‡ tr–Š …‡–—”› ‹ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒâ ƒ† v  …‹˜‹Ž™ƒ”• « ™ƒ” …‘ˆŽ‹…–•™‹–Š‹ƒ•ƒ‡…‘—–”›™‹–Š–™‘‘’’‘•‹‰’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ‰”‘—’•ä  •‘‡ ƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒ…ƒ•‡•–Š‡•‡™‡”‡–Š‡’”‘†—…–‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ‹‘ˆ•‡…‡••‹‘ ‘ˆ ’ƒ”– ‘ˆ ƒ –‡””‹–‘”› ‹ –Š‡ ™ƒ”• ‘ˆ †‡…‘Ž‘‹•ƒ–‹‘ ƒ……‹ƒ ƒ˜ƒátrr{⊃˜‡”‘ƒ† ŽŽ‡”átrsv ä Š‹• ‡™ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ …‘•–”—…– Šƒ• ‡‡”‰‡† ƒ• ƒ ‡› ’‘‹–‹–Š‡–‹‡ ™Š‡–Š‡’‡‘’Ž‡Šƒ˜‡„‡‡ƒ™ƒ”‡‘ˆãs –Š‡‡‡†–‘’Žƒ›ƒƒ…–‹˜‡”‘Ž‡ ™‹–Š‹ –Š‡‹” •‘…‹‡–› ƒ† t  –Š‡ ‡‡†• …”‡ƒ–‡† ƒ– ƒŽŽ Ž‡˜‡Ž• ‹ –Š‡ ƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒ ”‡‰‹‘ä Š‹• •‹–—ƒ–‹‘ Šƒ• Ž‡† –‘ ƒ …Šƒ‰‡á ‰‡‡”ƒ–‘” ‘ˆ Ž‹„‡”–ƒ”‹ƒ •‘…‹ƒŽ ‘˜‡‡–• „ƒ•‡† ‘ •‡Žˆ †‡–‡”‹ƒ–‹‘ä Š‡ ƒ„‹Ž‹–› –‘ •‡Žˆ†‡–‡”‹ƒ–‹‘ ‹• „ƒ•‡†‘–Š‡’‘••‹„‹Ž‹–›‘ˆ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽƒ†…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘‡†—…ƒ–‹‘ ˆ‘” ‡ƒ…Š ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’‡‘’Ž‡ –Šƒ– ˆ‘” ƒ òƒ…–‹˜‡ ’ƒ”–ó ‘ˆ –Š‡ •‘…‹‡–‹‡•‹ ™Š‹…Š –Š‡› Ž‹˜‡ä ”‹ƒ”‹Ž› †—‡ –‘ –Š‡ ˆƒ…– –Šƒ–á ‡˜‡ –‘†ƒ›á –Š‡”‡ ‹• –Š‡”‹• –Šƒ– –Š‡ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ …‹˜‹Ž •‘…‹‡–› ƒ…“—‹”‡• –Š‡ ’ƒ••‹˜‡ ”‘Ž‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡’ƒ•–ƒ†–Šƒ–…—””‡– †‡‘…”ƒ…‹‡• ‰”‘—†‡† ‹ •‘…‹ƒŽ ’‘Ž‹…›á ‹ ‘•– ‘ˆ –Š‡ …‘—–”‹‡• ‘ˆ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ…‘ŽŽƒ’•‡Šƒ˜‡”‘ƒ†ŽŽ‡”átrsv ä „˜‹‘—•Ž›á –‘ •–”‡‰–Š‡ –Š‡•‡ †‡‘…”ƒ…‹‡• ƒ› ƒ› ‘„•–ƒ…Ž‡• •Š‘—Ž† „‡ ”‡‘˜‡†ä ‘‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡•‡ ƒ”‡ —†‡”’‹‡† „› –Š‡ Žƒ… ‘ˆ ƒ ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ƒ† …‹æ ˜‹… …—Ž–—”‡ ™‹–Š‹ •‘…‹‡–›ä ‘†ƒ›á –Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡–á –Š‡ ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ’ƒ”–‹‡•á –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ƒ† –Š‡ …‹–‹œ‡• ƒ‹–ƒ‹ ƒ Š‡ƒ–‡† †‡„ƒ–‡ ‘ –Š‡ ƒ’’”‘’”‹ƒ–‡‡•• ‘ˆ –Š‡ †‡‘…”ƒ–‹… ”‡‰‹‡á ™‹–Š‘—– ƒ…–—ƒŽŽ› …‘•‹†‡”‹‰ –Š‡ —Ž–‹’Ž‡ ˜ƒ”‹ƒ–• ‘ˆ –Š‹•ä  –Š‡ …ƒ•‡ ‘ˆ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒá ˜‹”–—ƒŽŽ› ƒŽŽ ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ •›•–‡• ƒ”‡ „ƒæ •‡† ‘ ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡ †‡‘…”ƒ…‹‡• ‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡† „› —‹˜‡”•ƒŽ •—ˆˆ”ƒ‰‡ä Š‹• •‹–—ƒ–‹‘‡ƒ•–Šƒ–ƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒ…‹–‹œ‡• ƒ”‡‡–‹–Ž‡†–‘˜‘–‡á„—–†‘‘– Šƒ˜‡ƒ›‹ˆŽ—‡…‡‘–Š‡ˆ‹ƒŽ†‡…‹•‹‘•‘ˆ ‘˜‡”‡–™Š‡‹–‹•‹’‘™‡”ä ‘™‡˜‡”á –Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡ •–—†‹‡•á •—…Š ƒ• –Š‡ ‘‡ …ƒ””‹‡† ‘—– „›  ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ —„Ž‹… ’‹‹‘ ”‘Œ‡…–  ‹ trrx ‹ sx …‘—–”‹‡• ‹ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒá ™Š‹…Š …‘””‘„‘”ƒ–‡ –Šƒ– …‹–‹œ‡•Š‹’á ‹ ‰‡‡”ƒŽá ƒ†˜‘…ƒ–‡• ƒ ò’”‘…‡†—”ƒŽ ”‡æ ’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡ †‡‘…”ƒ…›óá ‡š’ƒ†‹‰ –Š‡ ƒ––”‹„—–‡• ‘ˆ ‹‹ƒŽ‹•– †‡‘…”ƒæ …› „ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡ •–ƒ–—• ‘ˆ ‡Ž‡…–‘”ƒŽ †‡‘…”ƒ…›  ƒ† ƒ††‹‰ „ƒ•‹… ˆ”‡‡†‘• –‘‡•—”‡’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‹‘ƒ†…‘’‡–‹–‹‘ƒ––Š‡‡Ž‡…–‹‘•‡””—‡–‘ƒ†ƒ˜‹ƒá



trsu 䊋•…ƒ—•‡…‘ˆ‹”•–Šƒ––Š‡‡Ž‡…–‹‘‹•ƒ‡…‡••ƒ”›…‘†‹–‹‘„—–‘– •—ˆˆ‹…‹‡–á ƒ• ‡ŽŽ trryã vs  ”ƒ–‹ˆ‹‡•á •–ƒ–‹‰ –Šƒ– ò–Š‡ †‡ˆ‹‹–‹‘ ‘ˆ †‡‘…”ƒ…› —•– ‹…Ž—†‡ ’”‘…‡†—”‡• ƒ† ‘– „‡ ”‡†—…‡† –‘ ƒ ‹† ‘ˆ ‡Ž‡…–‹‘•óä Š‹• …Šƒ’–‡” •Š‘™• –Šƒ– ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ †‡‘…”ƒ…‹‡• •Šƒ”‡ ƒ ”‡Žƒ–‹˜‡Ž› Š‘‘‰‡‡‘—••–”—…–—”‡†‡•’‹–‡–Š‡…‘’Ž‡š‹–›‘ˆ‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‹‰ƒ …‘‘ ˆ”ƒ‡™‘”‘ˆƒƒŽ›•‹•äŠ—•á‹‘”†‡”–‘‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š–Š‡…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹…• –Šƒ– †‡ˆ‹‡–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡‘ˆ–Š‹•”‡‰‹‘á‹–—•–„‡‘™ã–Š‡’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ƒ†‡…‘‘‹…•›•–‡–Šƒ–†‡ˆ‹‡•‹–á–Š‡•–”—…–—”‡‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒ•›•–‡á–Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ•–ƒ–—•‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•á–Š‡‡™”‘Ž‡‡š‡”…‹•‡†„›–Š‡ ƒ…ƒ†‡›á –Š‡’‘••‹„‹Ž‹–‹‡•‘ˆƒ……‡••–‘‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘ƒ†–Š‡”‘Ž‡ ‘ˆ …‹˜‹Ž•‘…‹‡–›‹ƒ’”‘…‡••‘ˆ…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘†‡ˆ‹‡†„›’Š‡‘‡ƒ•—…Šƒ• ‰Ž‘„ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘ƒ†Ž‘…ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘ä

 'HILQLQJ FKDUDFWHULVWLFV RI WKH MRXUQDOLVWLF FXOWXUH LQ /DWLQ $PHULFD Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ ‹• —†‡”•–‘‘† ƒ• –Š‡ •’‡…‹ˆ‹… ‹†‡ƒ ‘ˆ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•– ™‹–Š‹ –Š‡ …‘ŽŽ‡…–‹˜‡ ‘™Ž‡†‰‡ä Š‡”‡„›á ƒŽŽ ƒ…–‹‘•á ƒ––‹–—†‡• ƒ† ‹†‡ƒ• ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ƒ”‡ ‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡† ™‹–Š‹ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ ‘ˆ ƒ …‘—–”› ‘” ”‡‰‹‘áò•‡––‹‰ƒ…‘‘…‘—”•‡‘ˆƒ…–‹‘óŽŽ‡”ƒ†‡‹‡”átrstãus ä ‘” –Š‡•‡ ”‡ƒ•‘•á ò–Š‡ •–—†› ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡• •Š‘—Ž† ˆ‘…—• ‘ •‘…‹ƒŽ ˜ƒæ Ž—‡•á„‡Ž‹‡ˆ•ƒ†ƒ––‹–—†‡•–Šƒ–†‡ˆ‹‡–Š‘•‡…—Ž–—”‡•óƒ‹–œ•…Šátrsuƒãs{s ä †‡”•–ƒ†‹‰ …‘””‡…–Ž› ƒ† …‘’”‡Š‡•‹˜‡Ž› –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ ‘ˆ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ ‡–ƒ‹Ž• …‘’Ž‡–‡Ž› ƒ••‹‹Žƒ–‹‰ –Š‡ …‘…‡’– ‘ˆ ‹–‡”‡†‹ƒ–‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ ƒ† –Š‡ ’”‡Ž‹‹ƒ”› ƒƒŽ›•‹• ‘ˆ ‡•–‡” Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡á •‹…‡ –Š‹•Žƒ•– ‘‡ Šƒ• „‡‡–ƒ‡ƒ• ƒ ‘†‡Ž –Š”‘—‰Š‘—––Š‡‰Ž‘„‡á „‘–Š‹–Š‡‡™•”‘‘•ƒ†‹ƒ…ƒ†‡‹…‡˜‹”‘‡–•ä Ž–Š‘—‰Š‘™ƒ†ƒ›•–Š‹•Š‘‘‰‡‹•‹‰ƒ†‘”ƒŽ‹•‹‰’”‘懕–‡” …‘æ …‡’–‹‘’‡”•‹•–•á‹–‹•–‹‡–‘„”‡ƒ–Š‡•‡•–ƒ–‹……‘…‡’–•‹‘”†‡”–‘‰‘ˆ‘” ‘”‡…‘’Ž‡šƒ†’”‘ˆ‘—†”‡ˆŽ‡…–‹‘•’‘•‡†„›‹–‡”‡†‹ƒ–‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡• ƒ• ‡†‹ƒ •›•–‡• ™‹–Š ‹–• ‘™ …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹…• ™‹–Š‹ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– …‘–‡š–•äŠ‡”‡ˆ‘”‡á”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡”••Š‘—Ž†…”‡ƒ–‡ƒ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š•–”—…–—”‡ ™‹–Š •…Š‡‡•ƒ†ƒ—–‘…Š–Š‘‘—•ƒ’’”‘ƒ…Š‡•ä Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡á–Š‡’ƒ”ƒ†‹‰‘ˆ‹–‡”‡†‹ƒ–‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡•‹• †‡ˆ‹‡†ƒ•



ƒ ˆ‘” ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• –Šƒ– ƒ…–• ƒ• ƒ …‘—–‡”’ƒ”– –‘ –Š‡ …‡–”‡ ’‡”‹’Š‡”› …‘…‡’–ᙋ–Š‹–•‘™…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹…•–Šƒ–†‹ˆˆ‡”ˆ”‘‡•–‡” Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… •–ƒ†ƒ”†•–Šƒ–á–‘–Š‹•†ƒ›áŠƒ˜‡ƒ…–‡†—†‡”ƒ…‡–”‹•–…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”䑐•‡æ “—‡–Ž›áˆ”‘‹†‡ƒ•–Šƒ–†‡–‡”‹‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ƒ•ò…—Ž–—”ƒŽ‹–‡”‡†‹ƒ”‹‡•ó ‘—”†‹‡—s{zvãuwv ƒ†ƒ•ƒò‹–‡”’”‡–‹˜‡…‘—‹–›ó‡Ž‹œ‡”átrrvãwt á ‹ –Š‹• ™‘” –ƒ‡• ’Žƒ…‡ ƒ ”‡…‘…‡’–—ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡‹” ’”‘ˆ‡•‹‘ƒŽ ”‘Ž‡ ™‹–Š‹‡†‹ƒ‹–Š‡•‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡•ä –‡”‡†‹ƒ–‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡• ƒ”‡ ‹ ”‡‰‹‘• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ™‘”Ž† …‘•–‹–—–‡†„› —†‡”†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡†á †‡˜‡Ž‘’‹‰á ’‘•–æ…‘Ž‘‹ƒŽ …‘—–”‹‡• ƒ† ™‹–Š –‘–ƒŽ‹–ƒ”‹ƒ ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ”‡‰‹‡• ‘” —…‘•‘Ž‹†ƒ–‡† †‡‘…”ƒ…‹‡•ä Š‹• •‹–—ƒ–‹‘ Ž‡ƒ†•–Š‡ –‘…”‡ƒ–‡ƒ’ƒ”–‹…—Žƒ”‡†‹ƒ…‘—‹–›†‡ˆ‹‡†„›‡š–‡”ƒŽŽ›‹’‘•‡† ”—Ž‡• ƒ† ƒ••—‡† ƒ• ‹–• ‘™ „› Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ‹ –Š‡‹” •’‡‡…Š‡•ä Š‹•…‹”…—•–ƒ…‡ ƒ‡• –Šƒ– Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ƒ’’‡ƒ” ‹ ƒ •‹–—ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ …‘•–ƒ– ‡‰‘–‹ƒ–‹‘ƒ† ”‡Žƒ–‹˜‹•‹”‡Žƒ–‹‘–‘–Š‡†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–…—Ž–—”ƒŽ’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡•ŽŽ‡”ƒ†ƒ””‡†‘á trsu ä Š‡ƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒ”‡‰‹‘á…‘•‹†‡”‡†™‹–Š‹–Š‡‹–‡”‡†‹ƒ–‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡•áŠƒ•„‡‡–”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽŽ›•–—†‹‡†ƒ•™Š‘Ž‡áƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š‹–‹• …‘’‘•‡† ‘ˆ†‹ˆˆ‡”‡––‡””‹–‘”‹‡•ƒ†…‘—–”‹‡•–Šƒ–Šƒ˜‡‹’‘”–ƒ–†‹ˆˆ‡”‡…‡• „‡æ –™‡‡–Š‡ƒ†–Šƒ–‹•†‡–‡”‹‡†„›ƒ‹†‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹• …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•‡† „› –Š‡ —Ž–‹’Ž‹…‹–› ƒ† —Ž–‹’‘Žƒ”‹–›ä Š‹• •‹–—ƒ–‹‘ ‹• …ƒ—•‹‰ –Š‡ ƒ„ƒæ †‘‡–‘ˆ•–—†‹‡•„ƒ•‡†‘Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹…‹–‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘áƒ”‡†„›ƒ •–”‘‰Š‘‘‰‡‹•‹‰…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”ƒ†ƒ™‡•–‡”’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡‘ˆ–Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‡•æ •‹‘ä ‘…‡”‹‰ –Š‡ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ ”‡‰‹‘á –Š‡ ‹†‡ƒ• ‘ˆ …‘Ž‘‹ƒŽ‹• ƒ† ‹æ ’‡”‹ƒŽ‹• …‘–‹—‡ –‘ ’‡”‡ƒ–‡ –Š‡ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ˜ƒŽ—‡•  •‘‡–‹‡• …‘•‹†‡”‡†á —†‡” ‡•–‡” •–ƒ†ƒ”†•á ƒ• —†‡”†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡† ƒ† ™‹–Š ƒ ’‘‘” ‡†‹ƒ …—Ž–—”‡ä —…‹Ž›á –Š‹• ’‡”…‡’–‹‘ Šƒ• „‡‡ …Šƒ‰‹‰ ‹ –Š‡ ”‡…‡– †‡…ƒ†‡•á •—’’‘”–‡† „› –Š‡ —Ž–‹ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ƒ† —Ž–‹‡–Š‹… …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡” –Šƒ– †‡æ ˆ‹‡• ‹–• †‹˜‡”•‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡•ä Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡á –Š‡ …—””‡– •–—†‹‡• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ –‡† –‘™ƒ”†• ƒ ƒƒŽ›•‹• ‘ˆ ò–Š‡ …‘æ ’Ž‡š ƒ–—”‡ ‘ˆ „‡”‘ ‡”‹…ƒ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘á ‘™ „› ‹–• ‰‡‘’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ …‘–‘—”• ƒ† ‡–Š‘攇Ž‹‰‹‘—• „ƒ…‰”‘—†•á™Š‹…Š ƒ”‡ –Š‡ ƒ‹ ˜ƒ”‹ƒ„Ž‡•–‘ —†‡”•–ƒ†‹‰–Š‡—Ž–‹…—Ž–—”ƒŽ ‡–™‘” ‘ˆ‹–•‹š‡† ‹†‡–‹–›óƒ”“—‡•†‡ ‡Ž‘á trsrã {  ƒ† –Š‡ †‡ˆ‹‹–‹‘ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ƒ• ’”‘†—…‡”•á ƒƒ‰‡”•ƒ† ”‡…‡‹˜‡”•‘ˆ•›„‘Ž•ƒ†‡ƒ‹‰•ä



Š‡‘†‡”Š‹•–‘”›‘ˆƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒ‹•†‘––‡†™‹–Šƒ—„‡”‘ˆ’”‘„Ž‡• ƒ†‹••—‡•–Šƒ–Šƒ˜‡†‡ˆ‹‡†–Š‡‹†‹‘•›…”ƒ•›‘ˆ–Š‹•”‡‰‹‘„‡…ƒ—•‡‹–‹• ƒ—Ž–‹…—Ž–—”ƒŽ–‡””‹–‘”›ˆ‘”‡†„›ƒŠ—‰‡‘•ƒ‹…‘ˆ‹†‡–‹–‹‡•ƒ† Š›„”‹† …—Ž–—”‡• ƒ”…Àƒæƒ…Ž‹‹ás{{r 䊋•Ž‡ƒ†•‹–ሔ‘ƒ‡†‹ƒ’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡á–‘ ’”‡•‡–ƒ‘”‡†‹˜‡”•‡–ŠƒŠ‘‘‰‡‡‘—••‡–‘ˆ•›•–‡•—…ƒás{{x  ƒ†–‘„‡…‘‡˜‡”›†‹ˆˆ‹…—Ž––‘‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Šƒ…‘‘•–”—…–—”ƒŽˆ”ƒ‡™‘” ˆ‘”–Š‹•”‡‰‹‘‡ŽŽƒ†‘átrr{ƒ 䇕’‹–‡–Š‡•‡†‹ˆˆ‹…—Ž–‹‡•á–Š‡”‡ƒ”‡…‘æ ‘ˆ‡ƒ–—”‡•–Šƒ–…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•‡‹–ã ‘–ƒŽ‹–ƒ”‹ƒ ‘˜‡”‡–•â ‹•–ƒ„‹Ž‹–›â …‘–‹—‘—•á –”ƒ—ƒ–‹… ƒ† ƒ„”—’– ’‘™‡”…Šƒ‰‡•ƒ†–”ƒ•‹–‹‘•–‘”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡†‡‘…”ƒ…‹‡•–Š”‘—‰Š‘—––Š‡ Žƒ•– ›‡ƒ”•ã ò—”‹‰ –Š‡ ‡‹‰Š–‹‡•á ‡”‹…ƒ …‘—–”‹‡• ™‡”‡ ‘˜‹‰ ˆ”‘ ‹Ž‹–ƒ”› ”‡‰‹‡• –‘ †‡‘…”ƒ–‹…ƒŽŽ› ‡Ž‡…–‡† ‰‘˜‡”‡–•ó ‡ä‰ä ”‰‡–‹ƒá ”ƒœ‹Žƒ†”—‰—ƒ› ‘†”À‰—‡œƒ†—”’Š›ás{{yã uw 䊋••‹–—ƒ–‹‘Šƒ• ‡ƒ––Šƒ–‡˜‡‘™ƒ†ƒ›•‘•–‘ˆ–Š‡…‘—–”‹‡•‘ˆ ƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒŠƒ˜‡ƒ Ž‘™ Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘ˆ †‡‘…”ƒ–‹… †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– wä • ‡ŽŽƒ†‘ ƒ† ƒ‰‘•trsuãsr  …Žƒ‹‡†á ò‹ ƒ› ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ …‘—–”‹‡•á †‡…‡–”ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ”‡‰‹‘ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘ Šƒ˜‡ „‡‡ …‘•‹†‡”‡† ƒ• ’”‹‘”‹–‹‡• ‹ –Š‡ ’”‘…‡•• ‘ˆ ”‡æ †‡‘…”ƒ–‹•ƒ–‹‘ä ‡–”ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† …‡”–ƒ‹ †‡…‹•‹‘æƒ‹‰ Šƒ˜‡ ƒ”‰‹ƒŽ‹•‡†”‡‰‹‘ƒŽ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‹‘‘ˆƒ›…‘—–”‹‡•á•‘‡–Š‹‰–Šƒ–Šƒ• ƒˆˆ‡…–‡†á —†‘—„–‡†Ž›á –Š‡ †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ƒ† ‹–• ‘’‡”ƒ–‹‘óä ‡•‹†‡•áƒ™‹†‡‰ƒ’”‡ƒ‹•‘ƒ‹†‡‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽƒ†’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽŽ‡˜‡Žä‡–Š‡ ‘‡ Šƒ†á ò–Š‡ ‹…—”•‹‘ ‘ˆ ƒ ™ ”‹‰Š–ï –Šƒ– †‡˜‡Ž‘’• —‡˜‡Ž› ‹ –Š‡ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡–…‘—–”‹‡•‘ˆƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒ‹•‘„•‡”˜‡†ˆ”‘trsr󃐅‹‘ ƒ† Š”‹•–‡•‡átrsrãss 䐆ᑐ–Š‡‘–Š‡”Šƒ†á–Š‡‡™‡†Ž‡ˆ– ’ƒ”–‹‡•ï –Šƒ– ƒ„ƒ†‘‡† –Š‡ •–”ƒ–‡‰› ‘ˆ –ƒ‹‰ ’‘™‡” –Š”‘—‰Š ‹•—””‡…–‹‘á ƒ† ‹–‡‰”ƒ–‡†–Š‡†‡‘…”ƒ…›‹–‘–Š‡‹”‹†‡‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ’”‹…‹’Ž‡•ƒ•ƒ ’‡”ƒ‡– ˜ƒŽ—‡‹–Š‡‹”…‘…‡’–‹‘•‘ˆ•‘…‹‡–›óƒ…‹‘ƒ†Š”‹•–‡•‡átrsrãsu ä Š‡…—””‡–…”‹•‹•‹ƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒ‹•‘‡‘ˆ…”‡†‹„‹Ž‹–›áƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š‹–‹• ƒŽ•‘ Šƒ’’‡‹‰‰Ž‘„ƒŽŽ›äƒ”–•‘ˆ–Š‡™‘”Ž†ï• ‘˜‡”‡–•ƒ”‡‡š’‡”‹‡…‹‰ ƒ Žƒ…‘ˆŽ‡ƒ†‡”•Š‹’–Šƒ–‹•†”‹˜‹‰–Š‡‹”’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽŽ‡ƒ†‡”•–‘Šƒ˜‡Ž‘™‡” ƒ† Ž‘™‡”…”‡†‹„‹Ž‹–›”ƒ–‹‰xä ‹–—ƒ–‹‘…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•‡†„›ƒ‹‹—†‡‰”‡‡á‘”‡˜‡ƒ„”‡ƒ‹–Š‡‘•– •‡”‹‘—•…ƒ•‡•á‘ˆ…‘‘’‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒ†‹–‡”ƒ…–‹‘„‡–™‡‡–Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡–ƒ† •‘…‹ƒŽ ƒ…–‘”•ä Š‡ ”‡•—Ž– ‘ˆ –Š‹• ‹• ƒ ”‡†—…–‹‘ ‹ –Š‡ •‘…‹ƒŽ ‘”†‡” ™‹–Š •‡”‹‘—•‡…‘‘‹… …‘•‡“—‡…‡•ä



Š‡‡š‹•–‹‰†‹•’—–‡‘˜‡”–Š‡‡ƒ‹‰‘ˆò…‘–‹‡–ƒŽ‹–‡‰”ƒ–‹‘óƒ……‹ƒ ƒ˜ƒátrr{ ‹•†—‡–‘ƒƒ—–Š‘”‹–ƒ”‹ƒƒ††‹•…”‹‹ƒ–‘”›…—Ž–—”‡á ’‘Ž‹–‹æ …ƒŽ†‹•’—–‡•ƒ†…—Ž–—”ƒŽƒ†•‘…‹ƒŽ†‹˜‡”•‹–›…ƒ—•‡†„› òƒ‡Ž–‹‰’‘–‘ˆ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡–á Š‡–‡”‘‰‡‡‘—• ƒ† †‹•–‹…– ”ƒ…‡• ƒ† …—Ž–—”‡•á ”‡•—Ž–‹‰ ˆ”‘ –Š‡—‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡‹†‹‰‡‘—•™‹–Š—”‘’‡ƒáˆ”‹…ƒƒ†•‹ƒ ‡‹‰”ƒ–•ó ž”ƒ–‡átrssãs 䊇’”‘‘ˆ‘ˆ–Š‹•‹•–Šƒ––‘†ƒ›áƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒ”‡ƒ‹•‘‡ ‘ˆ–Š‡”‡‰‹‘•™‹–Š‰”‡ƒ–‡•–•‘…‹ƒŽƒ†‡…‘‘‹…†‹•’ƒ”‹–‹‡•‹–Š‡ ™‘”Ž† ˆ‹‰—”‡u䎖Š‘—‰Š–Š‡ˆƒ…––Šƒ–ò–Š‡ƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒ”‡‰‹‘Šƒ• •—ˆˆ‡”‡†á ƒ†•—ˆˆ‡”•á’”‘„Ž‡•‘ˆ’‘˜‡”–›á•‘…‹ƒŽƒ†‡…‘‘‹…‹‡“—ƒŽ‹–›ƒ† ‡šæ …Ž—•‹‘óž”ƒ–‡átrssãs …ƒ‘–„‡‹‰‘”‡†á–Š‡‡ˆˆ‘”–•ƒ†‡ƒ”‡’ƒ›‹‰‘ˆˆ ‹”‡…‡–›‡ƒ”•á‡•—”‹‰–Šƒ––Š‡’‘˜‡”–›Ž‡˜‡ŽŠƒ•†”‘’’‡†‹‘•–‘ˆ–Š‡ …‘—–”‹‡•yä ‘•‡“—‡–Ž›á†‡•’‹–‡–Š‡ƒ––‡’––‘–ƒŽ‘ˆƒ—‹–‡†…‘–‹‡–ƒ–ƒ‡…‘‘æ ‹…á…—Ž–—”ƒŽá’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽƒ†•‘…‹ƒŽŽ‡˜‡Žá–Š‡”‡ƒ”‡†‹•…”‡’ƒ…‹‡•–Šƒ–†‘‘– ƒŽŽ‘™–Š‹•…‘Š‡•‹‘áƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š–Š‡”‡ƒ”‡…‘‘‰‘ƒŽ••—…Šƒ•…”‡ƒ–‹‰ƒ •–ƒ„Ž‡á‡“—‹–ƒ„Ž‡…‹˜‹Ž•‘…‹‡–›…ƒ’ƒ„Ž‡‘ˆƒ••—‹‰–Š‡”‡•’‘•‹„Ž‡‡š‡”…‹•‡ ‘ˆ…‹–‹œ‡•Š‹’ä Š‡ ‘’’‘•‹–‡ ‡ˆˆ‡…– –‘ –Š‡ ’”‡˜‹‘—• Žƒ•– ›‡ƒ”•á ‹• „ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡ ƒ••‹‹Žƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ …—Ž–—”ƒŽ ƒ† •‘…‹ƒŽ †‹˜‡”•‹–› ‘ˆ ‡ƒ…Š ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ ”‡‰‹‘•á †‡æ ˆ‹‡† „› „‡‹‰ —Ž–‹…—Ž–—”ƒŽ –‡””‹–‘”‹‡• ˆ‘”‡† „› ƒ „”‘ƒ† ‘•ƒ‹… ‘ˆ ‹†‡æ –‹–‹‡•ƒ†Š›„”‹†…—Ž–—”‡• ƒ”…Àƒæƒ…Ž‹‹ás{{r 䋐…‡áƒ•Š‘‡trstãsvy  ƒ”‰—‡•á ò‹‘”‹–› ‡–Š‹… ‰”‘—’• Šƒ˜‡ ƒ …—Ž–—”ƒŽ ‹†‡–‹–› –Šƒ– ‹• ‘– ‘Ž› †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– –‘ –Š‡ †‘‹ƒ– …—Ž–—”‡•á „—– ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡”• Šƒ˜‡ ƒ†˜‘…ƒ–‡† ƒ —Žæ –‹…—Ž–—”ƒŽ‹•–Šƒ–”‡…‘‰‹•‡•–Š‡‹†‡–‹–›‘ˆ–Š‡•‡ƒ”‰‹ƒŽ‹•‡†‰”‘—’•ó䊃– ‹• ƒ ƒ‹ ˆƒ…–‘” ‹ –Š‡ •–—†› ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡•á •‹…‡ ò–Š‡ ‹†‘ˆ …‹–‹œ‡‹ƒ’ƒ”–‹…—Žƒ”‡˜‹”‘‡–ƒ†’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽá•‘…‹ƒŽƒ†Š‹•–‘”‹…ƒŽ‘‡–á ‹• ƒ ˆƒ…–‘” –‘ „‡ –ƒ‡ ‹–‘ …‘•‹†‡”ƒ–‹‘ ™Š‡ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ‡†‹ƒ•›•–‡• ƒ†Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹…‘†‡Ž•ƒ”‡ƒƒŽ›•‡†ó‡ŽŽƒ†‘ƒ†ƒ‰‘•átrsuãst ä Š‡ ’‘Žƒ”‹œƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‡…‘‘‹… ’‘Ž‹…‹‡• „‡–™‡‡ ‡‘Ž‹„‡”ƒŽ Žƒ•– –Š”‡‡ †‡æ …ƒ†‡• ƒ†…‘–”ƒ”›”‡ƒ…–‹‘•–‘–Š‡•‡Šƒ˜‡Ž‡†–‘ƒ”‹•‡‹†‹•…”‹‹–‘”›ƒ† •‡‰”‡‰ƒ–‹‰ ƒ––‹–—†‡• ƒ† –Š‡ ‹…”‡ƒ•‡ ‘ˆ ’”‘„Ž‡• ‘ˆ ’‘˜‡”–› ƒ† •‘…‹ƒŽ ‹‡“—ƒŽ‹–›äŠ‡‹’Ž‡‡–ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ‡‘Ž‹„‡”ƒŽ’‘Ž‹…‹‡•™ƒ•ƒ‹†‡‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ–‘‘Ž ƒ––Š‡•‡”˜‹…‡‘ˆ–Š‡’”‹˜ƒ–‡…ƒ’‹–ƒŽá’”‘†—…‡”‘ˆƒ†‹••‹‹Žƒ” †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– ‹ ˆƒ˜‘—” ‘ˆ •ƒŽŽ ’”‹˜‹Ž‡‰‡† ‹‘”‹–‹‡• ƒ† ƒ‰ƒ‹•– ƒ ƒ”‰‹ƒŽ‹•‡† ƒŒ‘”‹–› ˆ‘”‡†á ‘•–Ž›á „› •‘…‹ƒŽŽ› •—„Œ—‰ƒ–‡† ‰”‘—’• ƒ• ‹†‹‰‡‘—• ‘” ˆ”‘æ



†‡•…‡†ƒ–•ä Š‹• ‘†‡Ž ™ƒ• ’”‘’‘•‡† ‹ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ ˆ”‘ –Š‡ Ž‹„‡”ƒŽ ‘†‡Ž• ‡‡”‰‡† ‹ ‰Žƒ†á ”ƒ…‡ ‘” –Š‡‹–‡†–ƒ–‡ƒ†ƒ’’Ž‹‡†™‹–Š‘—– ƒ›…‘–‡š–—ƒŽ‹•‹‰’ƒ”ƒ‡–‡”℃•‡†‘Ž›‘–Š‡ –”‹‘‹ƒŽ ˆ‘”‡† „› –Š‡ ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽá ‘”ƒŽ ƒ† ‡…‘‘‹… …‘”‡• ƒ––ƒ…Š‡†–‘Ž‹„‡”ƒŽ‹•ž”ƒ–‡á trss ä Š‹••‹–—ƒ–‹‘Šƒ•Ž‡†–‘†‹ƒ‡–”‹…ƒŽŽ›‘’’‘•‡†‡…‘‘‹…’‘Ž‹…‹‡•ä–Š‡‘‡ Šƒ†á ƒ– –Š‡ ‡† ‘ˆ Žƒ•– …‡–—”›á ‹ ƒŽ‘•– ƒŽŽ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ …‘—–”‹‡• ‡‘Ž‹„‡”ƒŽ –Š‹‹‰ ™ƒ• ‹–”‘†—…‡† ƒ• ƒ ‹†‡ƒŽá ™Š‡”‡ƒ• ‘ –Š‡ ‘–Š‡”Šƒ†á †—”‹‰–Š‡ˆ‹”•–†‡…ƒ†‡‘ˆ–Š‡ts•–…‡–—”›á…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•‡†„›ƒ„‹’‘Žƒ”–”‡†á –Š‡”‡ ™ƒ• ƒ ”‡Žƒ–‹˜‡ …‘•‡•—• ƒ„‘—– –Š‡ †‡•‹”ƒ„‹Ž‹–› ‘ˆ ƒ‹–ƒ‹‹‰Ž‹„‡”ƒŽ ‡…‘‘‹…’‘Ž‹…‹‡•ƒ•‹–Š‡…ƒ•‡‘ˆŠ‹Ž‡ƒ†”ƒœ‹Ž«—”‰‡•á trsr⃐…‹‘ ƒ†Š”‹•–‡•‡átrsr ƒ†‘–Š‡”‘’’‘•‹–‡–”‡†•„ƒ•‡†‘ƒ•‘…‹ƒŽ’‘Ž‹…›  ™‹–Š –Š‡ ‡šƒ’Ž‡• ‘ˆ ‡‡œ—‡Žƒá ‘Ž‹˜‹ƒ ƒ† …—ƒ†‘”ä Š‡ “—ƒ–‹–ƒ–‹˜‡ ƒ† “—ƒŽ‹–ƒ–‹˜‡ ‹…”‡ƒ•‡ ‹ …‹–‹œ‡ ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† •‘…‹ƒŽ ‘˜‡‡–•ãò–Š‡’—„Ž‹…•’Š‡”‡‹•‘–‘™”‡•‡”˜‡†‘Ž› ˆ‘”‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ‘” ‹ŽŽ—•–”ƒ–‡† ƒ…–‘”•á •‹…‡ ‘™ ‹– ‹• —†‡”•–‘‘† ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ’‘‹– ‘ˆ ˜‹‡™‘ˆ …‹˜‹Ž•‘…‹‡–›óƒ‹‰”‡–átrrwãuxtâƒÓ‹œžŽ‡œátrssãtz 䊇‹’‘”–ƒ…‡‘ˆ •‘…‹ƒŽ ‘˜‡‡–•á ™‹–Š‹ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ ”‡ƒŽ‹–‹‡•á Šƒ• Ž‡† –‘ ƒ †›ƒ‹… …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ™Š‡”‡ ‡˜‡”›–Š‹‰ ‹• ’ƒ”– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‰Ž‘„ƒŽ •‘…‹ƒŽ •›•–‡á ƒ •‘…‹ƒŽ•›•–‡–Šƒ–Šƒ•’—•Š‡†ˆ‘”–Š‡…”‡ƒ–‹‘‘ˆƒ‡™’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ •…‡ƒ”‹‘ „ƒ•‡†‘Ž‡ˆ–‹•– ‘˜‡”‡–•ƒ†…‘•‘Ž‹†ƒ–‡†‹•–”‘‰•‘…‹ƒŽ‘˜‡‡–• ‹•—’’‘”–‘ˆ–Š‡•‡ä ‘”‡‘˜‡”á †‡‘…”ƒ–‹… ‹‘˜ƒ–‹‘• Šƒ˜‡ ‘’‡‡† ‡™ ’ƒ–Š• –Š”‘—‰Š –Š‡ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ …‹–‹œ‡ ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‹‘ä Š‡ ƒ„‹Ž‹–› ƒ† –Š‡ ’‘••‹„‹Ž‹–›‘ˆ ’—„Ž‹… ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‹‘á ™Š‡ •’‡ƒ‹‰ ‘ˆ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘á …‘‡ ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ’‘••‹„‹Ž‹–› ‘ˆ ƒ……‡•• –‘ –Š‡ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘ä ˆ …‹–‹œ‡• †‘ ‘– Šƒ˜‡ –Š‹• ƒ……‡••á –Š‡› …ƒ‘– ’Žƒ› ƒ ƒ…–‹˜‡ ”‘Ž‡ ‹ †‡…‹•‹‘æƒ‹‰ ‹ –Š‡ †‡‘…”ƒ–‹… ’”‘…‡••ä † Ž‹‡™‹•‡á †‡‘…”ƒ–‹… •–”ƒ–ƒ …ƒ‘– Šƒ˜‡ ˆ‡‡†„ƒ… ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ”‡•—Ž–• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹†‡‘Ž‘‰› ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘á ƒ ‡› …‘’‘‡– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹†‡‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ”‡‡™ƒŽ‹™Š‹…Šƒ›†‡‘…”ƒ…›–Šƒ–‡Œ‘›•‰‘‘†Š‡ƒŽ–Š‹•„ƒ•‡†ä Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡á –Š‡ ”‘Ž‡ ‘ˆ …‘”’‘”ƒ–‡ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‘˜‡”‡–•ƒ† ’—„Ž‹… ‹•–‹–—–‹‘• „‡…‘‡• ‡••‡–‹ƒŽ ™Š‡ ƒ…–‹‰ ƒ• –Š‡ „ƒ…„‘‡ ƒ†…Šƒ‡ŽŽ‡” ‡Ž‡‡–‘ˆ–Š‡‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ƒ••‡„Ž‡†á’”‘†—…‡†ƒ††‹”‡…–‡†–‘ …‹–‹œ‡•ä Š‡Š‹‰Š’”‘’‘”–‹‘‘ˆƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒ•–Šƒ–’”‡ˆ‡”‡…‘‘‹…†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– „‡ˆ‘”‡–Š‡…‘•‘Ž‹†ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ†‡‘…”ƒ…›zä……‘”†‹‰–‘ƒ’—–‘trrv á–‘ƒ Žƒ”‰‡”’ƒ”–‘ˆ–Š‡’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘‘ˆƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒ‹–™‘—Ž†‘–ƒ––‡”‹ˆ –Š‡›



”‡–—”‡†–‘ƒ—–Š‘”‹–ƒ”‹ƒ‹•‹–Š‡‹–‡”‡•–•‘ˆƒ‰”‡ƒ–‡”ƒ–‡”‹ƒŽ™‡Žˆƒ”‡ä Š‡ ‡š‹•–‡…‡ ‘ˆ †‡‡’ •‘…‹ƒŽ ƒ† ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡• ˆ”‘ •‘—–Š‡” —”‘æ ’‡ƒ …‘—–”‹‡• Ž‹‡ ’ƒ‹ ‘” ‘”–—‰ƒŽ —…ƒá s{{x  ƒ† –Š‡ ‹†‡‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ ƒ† ”‡Ž‹‰‹‘—• ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡• ‰”‘—†‡† ‹ –Š‡ ƒ–Š‘Ž‹… Š—”…Š ‹á trrx ä Š‡ ˆŽ‘™ ‘ˆ ‹‰”ƒ–‹‘ –Šƒ– Šƒ• „‡‡ ‹…”‡ƒ•‹‰ ƒ…”‘•• –Š‡ ™Š‘Ž‡ …‘–‹‡– –‘™ƒ”†• —”‘’‡ƒ …ƒ’‹–ƒŽ•á …ƒ—•‹‰ …Šƒ‰‡• ‹ –Š‡ †”ƒ™‹‰ ‘ˆ –Š‡ „‘—†ƒæ ”‹‡•‘ˆ–Š‡†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–ƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒ…—Ž–—”‡•ƒ‹•„‘”†ás{{zâž”ƒ–‡á trss ä Š‡‡†‹ƒ‹ƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒá–Š”‘—‰Š–Š‡›‡ƒ”•áŠƒ˜‡ƒ‹–ƒ‹‡†ƒ •–‡ƒ†› –”‡†–‘™ƒ”†•…‘…‡–”ƒ–‹‘ž…Š‡œátrr{ ‹•‘‡…ƒ•‡•âƒ†á‹ƒ› ‘–Š‡” …ƒ•‡•á ò–Š‡ ”‘Ž‡ ‘ˆ ‘˜‡”‡– Šƒ• ‡š‡”–‡† ƒ ‘”‡ ‡‰ƒ–‹˜‡ –Šƒ ’‘•‹–‹˜‡‹ˆŽ—‡…‡‘–Š‡‡†‹ƒ•›•–‡”‡‰ƒ”†‹‰’”‡••ˆ”‡‡†‘áˆ”‘ ‹–• ‹–‡”˜‡–‹‘‹–Š‡•›•–‡ ‘ˆ’—„Ž‹…•‡”˜‹…‡ „”‘ƒ†…ƒ•–‹‰ƒ†–Š‡•–”‘‰ Ž‡‰ƒŽ’”‘–‡…–‹‘•óƒŽŽ‹ƒ†ƒ…‹‹átrstãt{y ä  ”‡…‡– †‡…ƒ†‡•á –™‘ ƒŒ‘” ‡˜‡–• Šƒ˜‡…Šƒ‰‡†–Š‡ƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒƒ† ‰Ž‘„ƒŽ •‘…‹‡–›ã ‰Ž‘„ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† †‹‰‹–ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘ ƒ”‡ŽŽ‹á trsv ä ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ ƒ”–Àæƒ”„‡”‘ trsvã suz á ò‰Ž‘„ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘ ‹• ‘– ‡”‡Ž› ƒ ƒ˜ƒ–ƒ” ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡…‘‘› ƒ† –Š‡ ƒ”‡–â ‹– ‹• ƒ ‘˜‡‡– –Šƒ– „—‹Ž†• …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘á –Š‡ ‡› –‘ ƒ ‡™ ‘†‡Ž ‘ˆ •‘…‹‡–›ä Š‹• ‘‡ ’—•Š‡• ƒŽŽ •‘…‹‡æ –‹‡• –‘ ƒ ‹…”‡ƒ•‡ ‘ˆ …‘‡…–‹‘ ƒ† …‘ˆŽ‹…–• ™‹–Š‹–Š‡ ‡–™‘”á‡š’‘æ •‹‰…—Ž–—”‡•–‘‰‡–Š‡”Ž‹‡‡˜‡”„‡ˆ‘”‡óä  ƒ††‹–‹‘á –Š‹• ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’ „‡–™‡‡ …—Ž–—”‡ ƒ† –‡…Š‘Ž‘‰› ‹• †‡ˆ‹‡† „› ƒ ƒ”‡† –‡…Š‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ †‡–‡”‹‹•ä Š‡•‡ ƒ”‡ ’”‘…‡••‡• –Šƒ– ƒ”‡ †”ƒƒæ –‹…ƒŽŽ› …Šƒ‰‹‰ –Š‡ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ …—Ž–—”‡ã –Š‡ ”‡˜‹–ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹†‡æ –‹–›ƒ†–Š‡–‡…Š‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ”‡˜‘Ž—–‹‘ž”ƒ–‡átrss 䇈‹‹–‡Ž›átär –‡…Š‘Ž‘æ ‰‹‡• ƒ”‡ –”ƒ•ˆ‘”‹‰ •’ƒ…‡• †‡•–‹‡† –‘ –Š‡ ‹–‡”ƒ…–‹‘ ƒ† ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‹‘ ƒ‹†ƒ†”…‹Žƒátrss ∃˜‘—”‹‰–Š‡’”‘…‡••‘ˆò‰Ž‘„ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘ó ƒ…‹‘ƒ† Š”‹•–‡•‡átrsr ä 

• …ƒ „‡ •‡‡á ‹ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ –Š‡ Š‹•–‘”› ‘ˆ ‡†‹ƒ ƒ† ‹–• Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ Šƒ˜‡ ‡˜‘Ž˜‡† ‹ ’ƒ”ƒŽŽ‡Žá ƒ† Šƒ˜‡ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡† ‡ƒ…Š ‘–Š‡”á ™‹–Š‹ ƒ …‘–‡š– ‘ˆ ‡…‘‘‹… ‹•–ƒ„‹Ž‹–› ƒ† ‡‘”‘—• ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ –”ƒ•ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘• ‘†”À‰—‡œƒ†—”’Š›ás{{y ä’‡…‹ˆ‹…ƒŽŽ›á‡‡…ƒŽs{zx ”‡ˆ‡”•–‘–Š‡ „—æ •‹‡••á –Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡– ƒ† –Š‡ •‘…‹ƒŽ ƒ† …—Ž–—”ƒŽ ‘˜‡‡–•ï Ž‘‰‹…ä ‘æ …ƒ‰Ž‹‘Ž‘ s{{x  †‹•–‹‰—‹•Š‡• ƒ ‡…‘‘‹… Ž‘‰‹… „ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡ „‡‡ˆ‹–• –Šƒ–



…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•‡ …‘‡”…‹ƒŽ ƒ•• ‡†‹ƒá ƒ ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ Ž‘‰‹… ‹†‡–‹ˆ‹‡† ™‹–Š –Š‡

‘˜‡”‡–‡†‹ƒ‘”–Š‘•‡ƒ••‘…‹ƒ–‡†™‹–Š…‡”–ƒ‹’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ’ƒ”–‹‡•ƒ†•‘…‹‘æ …—Ž–—”ƒŽ Ž‘‰‹… –Šƒ– †‡ˆ‹‡• …‘—‹–› ‡†‹ƒä ”—‡––‹ trrr  •–ƒ–‡•–Šƒ– ‹ˆ –Š‡ ƒ•• ‡†‹ƒ ƒ†† –Š‡ ‡†—…ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ‡Ž‡‡–á –Š‹• …‘—Ž† ‡ƒ•‹Ž› Š‡Ž’ –‘ ‡…‘—”ƒ‰‡ƒ‰‡–•–‘‹’”‘˜‡–Š‡…‘†‹–‹‘•ƒ†…ƒ’ƒ„‹Ž‹–‹‡•‘ˆ–Š‡‹”ƒ—†‹‡…‡ä  –Š‹• …‘–‡š–á ‹– ‹• ’‘••‹„Ž‡ –‘ †‡–‡…– –Š”‡‡ Ž‡˜‡Ž• ‘ˆ …‘–‡š–—ƒŽ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡ ‘Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ãs „‡Ž‹‡ˆ•á˜ƒŽ—‡•ƒ†‘™Ž‡†‰‡–Šƒ–Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•Šƒ˜‡ƒ†ƒ’’Ž› ‹ ƒ ’ƒ”–‹…—Žƒ” ™‘” ƒ…–‹˜‹–›á ƒ† ‹ –Š‡ ’‡”•‘ƒŽ …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹…• –Šƒ–†‡ˆ‹‡ –Š‡â t  …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹…• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’Žƒ…‡• ‘ˆ ™‘”  ’Š›•‹…ƒŽ ƒ† †‹‰‹–ƒŽ •–”—…–—”‡•á ”‘Ž‡• ƒ† ”‘—–‹‡• «á ƒ• ™‡ŽŽ ƒ• ‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘• ƒ† ‡†—…ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ƒ†’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‡–‹–‹‡•”‡Žƒ–‡†–‘–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–ა†u ‘™Ž‡†‰‡ƒ†•‘…‹ƒŽ •–”—…–—”‡•‹Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•‡ŽŽƒ†‘átrr{„ ä ‹ƒŽŽ›á–Š‡†‡ˆ‹‹‰…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹…•‘ˆ…‘–‡’‘”ƒ”›ƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒ •‘æ …‹‡–‹‡•á ‡–‹‘‡† ƒ„‘˜‡á Šƒ˜‡ ‡ƒ– –Šƒ– –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ’Žƒ› ƒ ƒ‹ ”‘Ž‡â „‡‹‰ ‰‡‡”ƒ–‘”•á ‡†‹ƒ–‘”• ƒ† ”‡…‡‹˜‡”• ‘ˆ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘á ƒ† …”‡ƒ–‘”• ƒ†–”ƒ‹‡”•ƒ–Ž‡ƒ•–’ƒ”–Ž› ‘ˆ–Š‡’—„Ž‹…Ꮗ†‹ƒƒ†’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ« ƒ‰‡†ƒ• –Šƒ–•‡–’—„Ž‹…‘’‹‹‘ä‘•‹†‡”‹‰–Š‹•á…—””‡–Ž›á–Š‡”‡ƒ”‡–™‘–Š‘—‰Š–• †‡–‡”‹‡†„›–Š‡‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‡•‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒãò–‘‹ˆŽ—‡…‡ƒ†–‘’”‘ˆ‹–ó‘æ ””ƒ–átrrtãwz ä

 7KHHIIHFWRIWKHSURFHVVHVRIJOREDOLVDWLRQFRQYHUJHQFHDQG ORFDOLVDWLRQLQWKHMRXUQDOLVWLFFXOWXUHRI/DWLQ$PHULFD ‡À–‡œæ‘Œ‘ trrs  –ƒ‡• ƒ• ƒ •–ƒ”–‹‰ ’‘‹– ‹ Š‹• ƒƒŽ›•‹• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’Š‡‘æ ‡‘ ‘ˆ …—Ž–—”ƒŽ ‰Ž‘„ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘ ‹ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ –Š‡ ™‘”†• ‘ˆ ƒ”–À s{ys  sz{sˆ”‘Š‹•™‘”—‡•–”ƒ±”‹…ƒ—”‡”‹…ƒ ãò ”ƒˆ–‹‘—””‡’—„Ž‹…• –Š‡ ™‘”Ž†â „—– –Š‡ –”— —•– „‡ –Šƒ– ‘ˆ ‘—” ”‡’—„Ž‹…•óä Š‡ ƒ—–Š‘” ’Žƒ…‡• •’‡…‹ƒŽ ‡’Šƒ•‹• ‘ –Š‡ ƒƒŽ‘‰› „‡–™‡‡ –Š‡ ò–”—ó ƒ† –Š‡ ò…—Ž–—”‡óá „› –ƒ‹‰–Š‡•‡ …‘…‡’–• ƒ• •‘‡–Š‹‰ƒŽ‹˜‡á •‘‡–Š‹‰ ‰”‘™‹‰äŠ‹•†›ƒ‹… ƒ–—”‡ ‘ˆ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ ‹• ƒ‹ˆ‡•–‡† ‹ ‡ƒ…Š ‘ˆ–Š‡ ’ƒ”–•«…‘—–”‹‡•ƒ†”‡‰‹‘•«–Šƒ–…‘’‘•‡‹–䎖Š‘—‰Š †‹•’ƒ”‹–‹‡•‡š‹•–ƒ– –Š‡ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ Ž‡˜‡Žá –Š‡ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡…‡• „‡–™‡‡ –Š‡ …‘—–”‹‡• Šƒ˜‡ „‡‡ †‡…”‡ƒ•‹‰ ‘˜‡” –‹‡ †—‡ –‘ –Š‡ ‡ˆˆ‡…– ‘ˆ ‰Ž‘„ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘ä ‘–Š‡ ‡š–‡––Šƒ– –Š‡‡š‹•–‡…‡‘ˆƒ•‹‰Ž‡‰Ž‘„ƒŽ‘†‡Ž‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡„ƒ•‡†‘˜ƒŽ—‡•á ƒ––‹–—†‡• ƒ† ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ’”ƒ…–‹…‡• •Šƒ”‡† „› Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ‹• …‘•‹†‡”‡†ä Š‹• ‹••—‡ „”‹‰• –‘ –Š‡ –ƒ„Ž‡ –Š‡ ‡‡† ˆ‘” ƒƒŽ›•‹• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡ƒ† –Š‡ ‡ˆˆ‡…–• –Šƒ– –Š‡ ’”‘…‡••‡• ‘ˆ …‘˜‡”‰‡…‡ ‘” Š‘‘‰‡‹•ƒ–‹‘ ƒ†



‰Ž‘„ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ •›•–‡ ‹ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ ‹ ƒ–‹ ‡æ ”‹…ƒŠƒ˜‡ä —””‡–Ž›á –Š‡ ‘•– ’‘™‡”ˆ—Ž •‡– ‘ˆ Ž‘…ƒŽ‹•• ‹• –Š‡ ò‡‘Ž‹„‡”ƒŽ ‰Ž‘„ƒŽ‹•ƒæ –‹‘ó჎•‘…ƒŽŽ‡†á•›‘›‘—•Ž›á òŠ‡‰‡‘‹…‰Ž‘„ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘ó‘” ò‰Ž‘„ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘ ˆ”‘ ƒ„‘˜‡ó ƒ–‘•á trrsã yx ä – …ƒ „‡ —†‡”•–‘‘† –Šƒ– ‡‘Ž‹„‡”ƒŽ ‰Ž‘æ „ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘ ‹’Ž‹‡• ƒ ‡™ ™ƒ› ‘ˆ ‡’‹•–‡‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ ƒ† …—Ž–—”ƒŽ ‹’‡”‹ƒŽ‹• ‰—‹Ž×átrsr †—‡–‘–Š‹•‡™…‘Ž‘‹ƒŽ‹•––”‡†‹ƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒã –Š‡Žƒ–‡tr–Š…‡–—”›á™Š‡–Š‡–Š‹”†™ƒ˜‡‘ˆ‰Ž‘„ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘–‘‘ƒ‹””‡æ ˜‡”•‹„Ž‡ †›ƒ‹…á –Š‡ ‡–Š‹…搃–‹‘ƒŽ ‘˜‡‡–•á –Šƒ– ‹…Ž—†‡† ‹ –Š‡‹” •’‡‡…Š ƒ •–”‘‰ ”‡Œ‡…–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘„ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘ï ƒ• ƒ ™Š‘Ž‡ ƒ† ‹ •‘‡ …ƒ•‡•–‘–Š‡ƒ……‡Ž‡”ƒ–‡†‘†‡”‹•ƒ–‹‘’”‘…‡••‡•á„‡‰ƒ–‘ƒ‹ˆ‡•–ƒæ …‹‘átrrzãy{æsrt⃐…‹‘ƒ†Š”‹•–‡•‡átrsr ä Š‹• ’”‘…‡•• Šƒ• Ž‡† ƒ—–Š‘”•á Ž‹‡ ƒ‡”œ s{{z á –‘ •–ƒ–‡ –Šƒ– ™‡ •Š‘—Ž† •’‡ƒ ‘ˆ ‹–‡””‡Žƒ–‡† …—Ž–—”‡•  …”‡‘Ž‡ …—Ž–—”‡• « „‡…ƒ—•‡ ‰Ž‘„ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘ ‹˜‘Ž˜‡• –™‘ …‘–”ƒ”› ’”‘…‡••‡•ä ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ ‡ƒ–Š‡”•–‘‡ s{{r á ‹ –Š‡ ˆ‹”•–‘‡á™‡ƒŽŽ‹…”‡ƒ•‹‰Ž›ƒ’’”‘ƒ…Š‘—”’‘•‹–‹‘•ƒ†‹†‡‘Ž‘‰‹‡•…ƒ—•‹‰ ƒ ‰‡‡”ƒŽ •–ƒ†ƒ”† „ƒ•‡† ‘ …‘•—‡”‹• ƒ† ‘™Ž‡†‰‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡‘–Š‡”ƒ†á‹ –Š‡•‡…‘†‘‡á™‡ˆ‹†–Š‡‘’’‘•‹–‡‡ˆˆ‡…–…ƒ—•‡†„›–Š‡’”‘…‡••‘ˆ…—Ž–—”ƒŽ ‹–‡‰”ƒ–‹‘ƒ††‹•‹–‡‰”ƒ–‹‘Šƒ˜‡”‘ƒ†ŽŽ‡”átrsv ä Š‡ ’Š‡‘‡‘ ‘ˆ ‰Ž‘„ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘ ‹• ’”‘†—…‹‰ ƒ ’ƒ”ƒŽŽ‡Ž ‡ˆˆ‡…– „ƒ•‡† ‘ Ž‘…ƒŽ‹•á ‹ ™Š‹…Š ‹…”‡ƒ•‹‰ ƒ––‡–‹‘ ‹• †‡†‹…ƒ–‡† –‘ –Š‡ ”‡ˆ‡”‡…‡ ‰”‘—’ ƒ– Ž‘…ƒŽ ƒ† ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ Ž‡˜‡Ž Šƒ˜‡”‘ ƒ† ŽŽ‡”á trsv ä Š‹• ‡™ ’‘Žƒ”‹•ƒ–‹‘ Šƒ•ƒ––”ƒ…–‡†áƒ……‘”†‹‰–‘ƒ—ƒs{{{ ჉‘”ƒ’Š‘„‹ƒá‡™•’ƒ…‡ —–‘’‹ƒ• ƒ† –‡””‹–‘”‹ƒŽ …Šƒ‰‡• –Šƒ– Šƒ˜‡ ƒ”‡†á ƒ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ –Š‡ ‹†‡ƒ ‘ˆ ‡•‡ s{{yãu áò–Š‡•‡•‡‘ˆ‹–‡”…—Ž–—”ƒŽ…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ää䙊‡”‡’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–•‹ –Š‹• ’”‘…‡•• ‘ˆ ‰Ž‘„ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘ ƒ”‡ ˆ‘”…‡† –‘ „‡Ž‘‰ –‘ –Š‡ ƒŒ‘”‹–› ‘”‘”‡ ’‘™‡”ˆ—Ž …—Ž–—”‡óä  •‹–—ƒ–‹‘ –Šƒ–á ƒ• ”‹‡†ƒ s{{vã ztæzv  •—‰‰‡•–•á ò…ƒ—•‡• ƒ›’”‘„Ž‡• ‘ˆ ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ –Š‡ ’‡”•‘ƒŽ ‹†‡–‹–› ƒ‹†ƒŽŽ–Š‡ ‹’‡”•‘ƒŽˆ‘”…‡•ƒ–ƒ‰Ž‘„ƒŽŽ‡˜‡Žóä —””‡–Ž›á –Š‡ ˆ‹‡Ž† ‘ˆ •–—†› ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• Šƒ• ‡š’ƒ†‡† ƒ† „‡…‘‡ ‘”‡ …‘’Ž‡š†—‡–‘–Š‡”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’„‡–™‡‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•á‡†‹ƒƒ†’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽƒ† ‡…‘‘‹… ‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘• ™‹–Š‹ ƒ Ž‘…ƒŽá ”‡‰‹‘ƒŽ ƒ† ‰Ž‘„ƒŽ •’ƒ…‡ä Š‡•‡ …‘’Ž‡š”‡Žƒ–‹‘•†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡†„‡–™‡‡–Š‡†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–•–”—…–—”‡•ƒ†ƒ–†‹ˆˆ‡”‡– Ž‡˜‡Ž•‡–ƒ‹Ž–Š‡‡‡†–‘†‡‡’‡–Š‡ƒƒŽ›•‹•‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡•–Šƒ–†‹ˆˆ‡”



ˆ”‘‡•–‡”•–ƒ†ƒ”†•ä‘†ƒ›á•–—†‹‡•ƒ”‡„‡‹‰ …ƒ””‹‡†‘—–ƒ‹–œ•…Š trr{ á••‡”trrv ᑐ•„ƒ…Štrrz ᑐ•„ƒ…Šƒ†ƒ––‡”•‘ trrv á ƒ‘‰‘–Š‡”•«™Š‡”‡–Š‡†‘‹ƒ–’ƒ”ƒ†‹‰•‘ˆƒ”á–Š‡‰Ž‘揇”‹…ƒá Šƒ• „‡‰— –‘ „‡ “—‡•–‹‘‡†ä ‘ –Š‹• ‹• ƒ††‡† –Š‡ ‡š‹•–‹‰ †‹••‘ƒ…‡ „‡–™‡‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ƒ†ƒ…ƒ†‡‹ƒá™Š‹…Š‡…Š‘‡•–Š‡‹””‡‰—Žƒ”‡š‹•–‡…‡‘ˆ –Š‡†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹••–Šƒ–…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•‡–Š‡”‡‰‹‘•‘ˆ–Š‡™‘”Ž†ƒŠŽæ

‘”‰‡•‡ƒ†ƒ‹–œ•…Šátrr{ ä ‡‰—Žƒ–‘”› –ƒ•• Ž‹•–‡† –ƒ‡ ƒ •’‡…‹ƒŽ ”‡Ž‡˜ƒ…‡ –‘†ƒ› „‡…ƒ—•‡ –Š‡ ’”‘…‡•• ‘ˆ ‰Ž‘„ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ‹• …‘•–ƒ–Ž› ƒ……‡Ž‡”ƒ–‹‰ ƒ† ‹…”‡ƒ•‡• –Š‡‹” ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‹‘ ‘”‡ ƒ† ‘”‡ ‘–‹˜ƒ–‡† „› –‡…Š‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ ƒ†˜ƒ…‡• ƒ•æ •‡”ƒ ƒ† ‡‡”á trr{ ä • ”ƒ…‘ trr{ã uv á ‹ Š‹• ™‘” –‹…‹’ƒ–‹‰ “—‡•–‹‘• –Šƒ– –Š‡ †‹‰‹–ƒŽ ”‡˜‘Ž—–‹‘ ™‹ŽŽ „”‹‰á •–ƒ–‡•ã òŠ‡”‡ ƒ”‡á Šƒ”†Ž›á ‘–Š‡” ƒ…–‹˜‹–‹‡• ‹ ™Š‹…Š –Š‡ ™‘”† ‘„ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘ï Šƒ• ƒ• —…Š ‡ƒ‹‰ ƒ• ‹ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ƒ† †‹‰‹–ƒŽ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•á –Šƒ• –‘ –Š‡ ‹–‡”‡–ä ˜‡á –Š‡ ƒ”‰—æ ‡– ‘ˆ Ž‘™ …‘‡…–‹˜‹–›‹• ‡ƒ•‹Ž› …‘–”‘˜‡”•‹ƒŽã Œ—•– Ž‘‘ ƒ– –Š‡ ƒ……‡Ž‡”ƒ–‡† ‹–”‘†—…–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‘„‹Ž‡ –‡Ž‡’Š‘› ‘ –Š‡ …‘–‹‡–ä – …‡”–ƒ‹Ž› ™‹ŽŽ Šƒ’’‡ –Š‡ •ƒ‡ ™ƒ› ™‹–Š –Š‡ ‹–”‘†—…–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹–‡”‡–óä ‹ƒŽŽ›á ƒ– ƒ –‹‡ ™Š‡ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ƒ”‡ ƒ ‹•‡’ƒ”ƒ„Ž‡ ’ƒ”– ‘ˆ –Š‡ •‘…‹ƒŽ ‡˜‹”‘‡– ƒ† ‹ ™Š‹…Š –Š‡ ™‘”Ž† ‹• „‡…‘‹‰ ƒ ò‡†‹ƒ’‘Ž‹•ó  ‹‰—”‡ s « ‹Ž˜‡”•–‘‡á trryã tw á ‘”ƒ–‹˜‡ –ƒ•• ’”‡•‡–‡† ƒ• ˆ—†ƒ‡–ƒŽ ƒ”‡ã ˆ‹”•–á –‘ †‡ˆ‹‡ ò™Š‘ ‹• Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•– ƒ† ™Šƒ– ‹• Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ó ”–‡‰ƒ ƒ† —æ ƒ‡•átrrr„⛃––átrryãtu{ætvr ╇…‘†á–‘†‡…‹†‡ƒ††‡ˆ‹‡™Šƒ–™‡ —†‡”•–ƒ† ƒ• ‰Ž‘„ƒŽ ’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡ ‹ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• •–—†‹‡• —””ƒ› ƒ† ‘‘”‡á trru ƒ†á –Š‹”†Ž›á òŠ‘™ …ƒ –Š‡•‡ „‡ ‹˜‡•–‹‰ƒ–‡†ó ڈˆ‡ŽŠ‘Žœƒ† ‡ƒ˜‡”á trrzã tzwæt{v  ƒ† òŠƒ˜‡ „‡…‘‡ ‹ –Š‡ ™æ‡••ï ‹ –Š‹• ‡”ƒ ‘ˆ ‰Ž‘„ƒŽ‹æ •ƒ–‹‘ó’ƒ”•átrryãstxæsur ä  



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7KHJORFDOSKHQRPHQRQDQGLWVHIIHFWVRQ/DWLQ$PHULFD ……‘”†‹‰–‘–Š‡šˆ‘”†‹…–‹‘ƒ”›‘ˆ‡™‘”†•s{{sãsuv á–Š‡–‡”ò‰Ž‘æ …ƒŽó ‹• ƒ ƒ……‡’–ƒ–‹‘ –Šƒ– —‹–‡• ‹–‘ ƒ •‹‰Ž‡ …‘…‡’– –Š‡ ’Š‡‘‡ƒ ‘ˆ ‰Ž‘„ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† Ž‘…ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘ä Š‹Ž‡ …—Ž–—”‡ ‰Ž‘„ƒŽ‹•‡•á ƒ• ‘ŽÀ˜ƒ” trrs ’‘‹–• ‘—–á Šƒ”†‡” …Žƒ‹• ˆ”‘ ’”‹ƒ”› …—Ž–—”ƒŽ ‹†‡–‹–‹‡• ”‡ƒ’’‡ƒ”ã †‡–‡æ ””‹–‘”‹ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘…ƒ—•‡•‡™…—Ž–—”ƒŽ–‡””‹–‘”‹ƒŽƒ…–‹‘•äŠ‹• ’‘‹–ƒ’’‡ƒ”•ƒ• ’ƒ”–‹…—Žƒ”Ž› ‹’‘”–ƒ–á •‹…‡ †‡•’‹–‡ –Š‡ ‰Ž‘„ƒŽ ƒ”‡– ‡…‘‘›á –Š‡”‡ƒ”‡ …—Ž–—”‡•  ƒ† Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡• « •–”‘‰Ž› ƒ”‡† „› ‹–• …—Ž–—”ƒŽ …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹…• ƒ† ‡˜‡ ‘”‡ ƒ……‡–—ƒ–‡† „› –Š‡ ’Š‡‘‡‘ ‘ˆ ‰Ž‘„ƒæ Ž‹•ƒ–‹‘ä ‡…‡á –Š‡‹” •–—†› …ƒ‘– „‡ …‘†—…–‡† ‹ –Š‡ •ƒ‡ ™ƒ› ƒ• ‹ ‡•–‡”Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹…’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ…—Ž–—”‡•ŽŽ‡”ƒ†ƒ””‡†‘átrsu ä ”‘ƒƒƒŽ›–‹…ƒŽƒ†‹–‡”’”‡–‹˜‡’‘‹–‘ˆ˜‹‡™á–Š‡…‘…‡’–‘ˆ‰Ž‘„ƒŽ‹æ •ƒ–‹‘™Š‹…Š‹˜‘Ž˜‡•–Š‡ƒ……‡’–ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ‰Ž‘…ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘«Šƒ•ƒ••—‡†–Š‡ •‹—Ž–ƒ‡‹–›ƒ†–Š‡‹–‡”’‡‡–”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ™Šƒ–‹•…‘˜‡–‹‘ƒŽŽ›…ƒŽŽ‡† –Š‡ ‰Ž‘„ƒŽƒ†–Š‡Ž‘…ƒŽá‘”«‘”‡ƒ„•–”ƒ…–Ž›«–Š‡—‹˜‡”•ƒŽƒ†–Š‡’ƒ”–‹…—Žƒ” ‘„‡”–•‘átrrr ä—…Š–Šƒ––‘—†‡”•–ƒ†–Š‡”‡ƒ•‘•‘ˆ–Š‡ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡…‡• „‡–™‡‡ ƒ–‹‘• ™‡ •Š‘—Ž† ƒƒŽ›•‡ –Š‡ ‰Ž‘„ƒŽ ‡†‹ƒ ƒ”‡– ˆ”‘ ‹–• ƒ†ƒ’–ƒ–‹‘•–‘–Š‡Ž‘…ƒŽ«‘”’ƒ”–‹…—Žƒ”«…‘†‹–‹‘•äŠ‡•‡’ƒ”–‹…—Žƒ”‹–‹‡•™‹ŽŽ ‰‹˜‡ –Š‡ ‡› –‘ –Š‡ Š‡–‡”‘‰‡‡‹–› –Šƒ– †‡ˆ‹‡• –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… ‹…”‘æ…—Ž–—æ ”‡• –Šƒ– …‘’”‹•‡ –Š‡ ‘˜‡”ƒŽŽ ƒ…”‘•–”—…–—”‡ä  ‘–Š‡” ™‘”†•á –Š‹• †‹˜‡”•‹–› ’”‘˜‹†‡† „› –Š‘•‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡• ‘ˆ –Š‡ •‘æ…ƒŽŽ‡† ò‹–‡”‡†‹ƒ–‡ …‘—æ



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ƒ†˜‡”–‹•‹‰ ƒ† –‘ ™‘”‘–™‘ƒ†—’ –‘–Š”‡‡ ‡†‹ƒóä  ƒ††‹–‹‘ –‘ –Š‡ —‡”‹…ƒŽ †ƒ–ƒá –Š‹• •—”˜‡› ƒŽŽ‘™‡† –Š‡ –‘ …‘ŽŽ‡…– ƒ •‡”‹‡•‘ˆ –‡•–‹‘‹ƒŽ• –Šƒ– †‡‘•–”ƒ–‡ –Š‡ †‡’”‡••‡† ‡’Ž‘›‡– •‹–—ƒ–‹‘ ˆ”‘Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ä  ƒ††‹–‹‘ –‘ –Šƒ–á ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ ™ƒ• –Š‡ •‡…‘† ‘•– †ƒ‰‡”‘—• ”‡‰‹‘ˆ‘” Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹trss጗•–ƒˆ–‡”–Š‡‹††Ž‡ƒ•–äsz…ƒ•‡•‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•„‡‹‰‹ŽŽ‡† ™‡”‡ ”‡…‘”†‡† ƒ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ –Š‡ ƒ—ƒŽ ”‡’‘”– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡’‘”–‡”• ‹–Š‘—– ‘”†‡”• ssä Š‡ ˆ‹”•– †‡…ƒ†‡‘ˆ –Š‡ ts•– …‡–—”› Šƒ• †‡ˆ‹‡†–Š‡ –”ƒ‹–• ƒ† …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡æ ”‹•–‹…• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ Žƒ„‘” ƒ”‡– ‹ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ ‡ŽŽƒ†‘á trr{„ã s{y ã ò ”‡‡ ƒ”‡–á Š‹‰Š ‹‰”ƒ–‹‘á ‡˜‹”‘‡–ƒŽ ‹••—‡•á ‰Ž‘„ƒŽ ˆŽ‘™• ‘ˆ ˆ‹ƒæ …‡á —‡– •‘…‹ƒŽ †‡ƒ†•á Š‹‰Š ‡…‘‘‹… …‘…‡–”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ƒ––‡’–‡† ‡•æ –ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘™Ž‡†‰‡ •‘…‹‡–›á ™Š‡”‡ –Š‡ –‡…Š‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ ”‡˜‘Ž—–‹‘á –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ …‘˜‡”‰‡…‡ ƒ† –Š‡ ”‘Ž‡ ‘ˆ …‘•—‡”• Šƒ˜‡ –”ƒ•ˆ‘”‡† –Š‡ ”Š›–Š• ƒ† –Š‡ ™ƒ›• ‹ ™Š‹…Š –Š‡ ‡••ƒ‰‡• ƒ† –Š‡ ˆ‘”• ‘ˆ ‡š’”‡••‹‘ ‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•á ‘……—”óä‘”‡‘˜‡”ვ‹…אtrsrƒãy •ƒ›•á–Š‡”‡‹•ƒ†‹˜‘”…‡ „‡–™‡‡–Š‡ ‡†‹ƒƒ†Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ãò–Š‡‡†‹ƒƒ”‡†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–ˆ”‘Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ä ƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒá –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ …Š‘‘•‡ –‘ †‡ˆ‡† –Š‡ „—•‹‡•• ™‘”Ž† ƒ† •‘ –Š‡› „‡…‘‡’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ƒ…–‘”• ™‹–Š ƒ ƒ‰‡†ƒ ‘ˆ Ž‹„‡”ƒŽ ƒ”‡– ‘†‡Žä

‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ƒ† –Š‡“—ƒŽ‹–› ‘ˆ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ”‡ ‘– ‹–‡”‡•–‹‰ ˆ‘” –Š‡ä Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡á Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ƒ”‡ ”—‹‰ ‘—– ‘ˆ …”‡†‹„‹Ž‹–›á ™‹–Š ‘ Œ‘„ ƒ† ‘ ’Žƒ…‡ ‹ –Š‡ ™‘”Ž†ä Š‡›ƒ”‡ ƒ„ƒ†‘‡† ƒ† ƒ––‡† –Š‡ •‡’ƒ”ƒ–‹‘ ˆ”‘ ‡‹” Š—•„ƒ†ïá –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒóä Š‡•‡ …Šƒ‰‡• –Šƒ– ƒ”‡ ‘……—””‹‰ ‹ –Š‡ ‡ƒ”Ž› ts•– …‡–—”› ƒ”‡ ‘– ‹•‘Žƒ–‡† ™‹–Š‹ ƒ ”‡‰‹‘ ‘” ƒ ’ƒ”–‹…—Žƒ” ƒ”‡– ‹ ƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒä Š‡›ƒ”‡‘……—””‹‰ ‰Ž‘„ƒŽŽ› †—‡ –‘ –Š‡ ‡š‹•–‡…‡ ‘ˆ ƒ Žƒ”‰‡ …‘…‡–”ƒ–‹‘ ‹ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒá–Š‡ –”ƒ•ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‡†‹ƒ •–”—…–—”‡•ƒ†–Š‡‹’ƒ…–‘ˆ‰Ž‘„ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘ƒ• ƒ ™ƒ› ‘ˆ ƒ†Œ—•–‡– –‘ –Š‡ ‡™ ƒ”‡– ‡‡†•ä ò ˆ ™‡ ƒ‡ ƒ †‡–ƒ‹Ž‡†ƒƒŽ›•‹• ‘ ƒ ‰Ž‘„ƒŽ Ž‡˜‡Žá ™‡ …ƒ •‡‡ Š‘™ ƒŽŽ –Š‡•‡ ˆ‡ƒ–—”‡• ƒ”‡ ‘……—””‹‰‹ƒ› ‘–Š‡”…‘—–”‹‡•ƒ”‘—†–Š‡‰Ž‘„‡óŽŽ‡”ƒ†ƒ””‡†‘átrsuãux ä

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…‡–—”›á–Š‡…‘…‡’–‘ˆ…‹˜‹Ž•‘…‹‡–›„‡‰ƒ–‘–ƒ‡’”‘‹‡…‡á ‡•’‡…‹ƒŽŽ› ˆ”‘–Š‡‹‡–‡‡•‹š–‹‡•äŠ‹•…‹”…—•–ƒ…‡…”‡ƒ–‡†ƒƒ–‹æƒ—–Š‘”‹–ƒ”‹ƒ ‘†‡Ž„ƒ•‡†‘ƒ‡‘Ž‹„‡”ƒŽ…‘…‡’––Šƒ–Ⴥ…‘”†‹‰‹”Ž‡trrr á…ƒ—•‡† ‘•– ‘ˆ –Š‡ …‘—–”‹‡• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”‡‰‹‘ –‘ •–ƒ† ˆ‘” ƒ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ ‡…‘‘‹… ˆ”‡‡†‘–Šƒ–ˆƒ˜‘—”•†‡”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘ä ‘™‡˜‡”á –Š‡ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ …‹˜‹Ž •‘…‹‡–› ™ƒ• ‘– ƒ†ƒ’–‡† –‘ ƒ ‘†‡Ž „ƒ •‡† ‘‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ ‹–‡”‡•–• †—‡ –‘ –Š‡ ‡‡†•…”‡ƒ–‡†ƒ–ƒ ‰”‘—’ Ž‡˜‡Žá ™Š‹…Š ƒ†‡ –Š‡ †‡’‡†‡– ‘ ‡ƒ…Š ‘–Š‡”ä Šƒ– ‹•á ƒ …‹˜‹Ž •‘…‹‡–› –Šƒ– ‹• „‡––‡” —†‡”•–‘‘†ˆ”‘–Š‡‡‰‡Ž‹ƒ’Š‹Ž‘•‘’Š›äŠ‡”‡ˆ‘”‡ã ƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒ•‘…‹‡–›Šƒ•ƒ†ƒ’–‡†–‘–Š‡•‡•‘…‹ƒŽƒ†Œ—•–‡–’‘Ž‹…‹‡• –Šƒ–á ƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š‹–Šƒ†‡‰ƒ–‹˜‡ •‘…‹ƒŽ‹’ƒ…–•á™‡”‡•—’’‘”–‡† «ƒ– Ž‡ƒ•–’ƒ••‹˜‡Ž›«„› ‘•– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘á ™Š‹…Š ’‡”…‡‹˜‡† –Š‡ ƒ• –Š‡ ‘Ž› ™ƒ› –‘ •–‘’ Š›’‡”‹ˆŽƒ–‹‘ ƒ† Ž‘™‡” –Š‡ ‹…”‡ƒ•‹‰Ž› —ƒ……‡’–ƒ„Ž‡ …‘”’‘”ƒ–‹•– ’”‹˜‹Ž‡æ ‰‡• ƒ……——Žƒ–‡† „› ‡’Ž‘›‡”• ƒ† ‹††Ž‡ æ …Žƒ•• •‡…–‘”• ‡’Ž‘›‡† „› –Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡–‘”„›–ƒ–‡ …‘’ƒ‹‡•‘”Œátrrwãtz ä

”‘ –Š‹• ‘‡–á •‘…‹ƒŽ ’‘Ž‹…‹‡• ‹ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ „‡‰‹ –‘ ”‡ƒŽ‹•‡ –Š‡ ‹’‘”–ƒ…‡‘ˆƒ†ƒ’–‹‰–‘–Š‡‡‡†•‘ˆ•‘…‹‡–›â‡…‘—”ƒ‰‹‰ƒ ’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡ „‡›‘†–Š‡‰Ž‘„ƒŽ†›ƒ‹…•„ƒ•‡†‘ òƒ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ”‡ƒŽ‹‰‡––Šƒ–‹•–Š‡ ”‡•—Ž–‘ˆ†‡…‘•–”—…–‹‘‘ˆ†‡‘…”ƒ–‹…†‹•…‘—”•‡™‘”Ž†™‹†‡ó ƒ‹–œ•…Šá trryãuyt ä —”‹‰ –Š‡ Žƒ•– –™‘ †‡…ƒ†‡• ‘ˆ Žƒ•– …‡–—”› ƒ† –Š‡ ˆ‹”•– ‘ˆ –Š‡ …—””‡–á ƒæ –‹‡”‹…ƒ ’‘Ž‹…› «ƒ†–Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡–Š‡•‘…‹‡–› « Šƒ• „‡‡ –—”‹‰ –‘™ƒ”†• ƒ †‡‘…”ƒ–‹… ‘†‡Ž –Šƒ– Šƒ• ’”‘†—…‡† ƒ ‘”‡ ‹†‡’‡†‡– ‡†‹ƒ •›•–‡ ‘ˆ ‘˜‡”‡–ƒ‰‡…‹‡•—…ƒás{{x 䊇ƒ’’”‘ƒ…Š‹•„ƒ•‡†‘–Š‡‹†‡ƒ –Šƒ– …‹–‹œ‡• ”‡“—‹”‡ ˆ—ŽŽ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ –‘ ‡ƒ„Ž‡ –Š‡ –‘ „‡ ™‡ŽŽ ‹ˆ‘”‡† ™Š‡ƒ‹‰–Š‡‹”‘™†‡…‹•‹‘•‘†”‹…Šátrr{ ä Š‹• ‡™ ”‡ƒŽ‹–› Ž‡ƒ†• –‘ ƒ ”‡–Š‹‹‰ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”‘Ž‡ ‘ˆ …‹–‹œ‡• „ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡ …‘…‡’–‘ˆò‰Ž‘„ƒŽ…‹˜‹Ž•‘…‹‡–›óƒˆˆ‡Š‘Žœƒ†’—”átrrxãx ä ‘•‹†‡”‡†á ƒ……‘”†‹‰–‘Žƒ”trruãv áòƒ•ƒ’‘–‡–‹ƒŽŽ›’‘•‹–‹˜‡”‡ˆŽ‡…–‹‘–‘‹ˆŽ—‡…‡ ™‹–Š‹–Š‡ˆ”ƒ‡™‘”‘ˆƒŽ‘…ƒŽ ‘˜‡”‡–ሑ•–‡”‹‰†‡„ƒ–‡ƒ†…‘„ƒ–‹‰ –Š‡ —„ƒŽƒ…‡† •‘…‹ƒŽ †‹˜‹•‹‘óä ’‡…‹ˆ‹…ƒŽŽ›á ˆ”‘ ƒ ƒƒŽ›–‹…ƒŽ ƒ† †‡•…”‹’–‹˜‡ ’‘‹– ‘ˆ˜‹‡™á –Š‡–‡” ò‰Ž‘„ƒŽ…‹˜‹Ž •‘…‹‡–›ó ”‡ˆ‡”• –‘–Š‡ ò•–—†› ‘ˆ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘•á ƒ…–‘”• ƒ† ‡˜‡–•á ‡šƒ‹‹‰ ‹–• …‘’Ž‡š †›ƒ‹…• « —•‹‰ –Š‡‘”‡–‹…ƒŽ†‹•–‹…–‹‘•á‡’‹”‹…ƒŽ‹˜‡•–‹‰ƒ–‹‘•ƒ†Œ—†‹…‹ƒŽ”‡’‘”–•«–‘”ƒ‹•‡



•‘‡ …‘…Ž—•‹‘• ƒ„‘—– ‹–• ‘”‹‰‹•á …—””‡– †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– ’ƒ––‡”•ƒ† …‘•‡“—‡…‡•ó ‡ƒ‡á trruã u ä ‹‘–‡‘ trrwã usv  ‰‘‡• ˆ—”–Š‡” ƒ† ‡–‹‘• –Š‡ ƒ’’‡ƒ”ƒ…‡ ‘ˆ ƒ ò…‘ŽŽ‡…–‹˜‡ ‹–‡ŽŽ‹‰‡…‡óá „‡ˆ‘”‡ ™Š‹…Šá –Š‡ ‘™‡”‹•«‡–ƒ’Š‘”‹…ƒŽŽ›«ƒƒ‰‡†‹ƒ†‹Ž—–‡†ˆ‘”stä

7KHULJKWRIDFFHVVWRLQIRUPDWLRQLQ/DWLQ$PHULFD ‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡†‡‘…”ƒ…›á‡Œ‘›‡†„›ƒŽŽƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒ…‘—–”‹‡•á‹•„ƒæ •‡†‘ƒ……‡••–‘Œ—•–‹…‡áƒ……‡••–‘‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ƒ†–Š‡’‘••‹„‹Ž‹–›‘ˆ…‹–‹œ‡ ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‹‘ä•±”‡œƒ†ƒ‘™‹ƒtrrv …Žƒ‹áƒ––Š‡–Š‡‘”‡–‹…ƒŽŽ‡˜‡Ž ‘ˆ ˆ—†ƒ‡–ƒŽ ”‹‰Š–• ƒ† ˆ”‡‡†‘• ‹– ‹• ‹’‘”–ƒ– –‘ ’Žƒ…‡á –‘ •–ƒ”– ‘ˆˆá ƒ……‡•• –‘ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ä ‹ˆˆ‡”‡– †‡‘…”ƒ–‹… Žƒ™• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ …‘—–”‹‡•—†‡”Ž‹‡–Š‡”‹‰Š–‘ˆƒ……‡••–‘‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ƒ†…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ˆ”‘‹…Ž—•‹˜‡á’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‘”›á†‹˜‡”•‡ƒ†‹–‡”揗Ž–‹æ’‘Ž›æ…—Ž–—”ƒŽ’—„Ž‹… ’‘Ž‹…‹‡•‹ƒŽŽ•’ƒ…‡•ƒ†’Š›•‹…ƒŽƒ††‹‰‹–ƒŽ‡†‹ƒˆ”‘–Š‡‘™ ‘†‡Ž• ƒ†•›„‘Ž•‘ˆ†‹˜‡”•‡•‘…‹ƒŽ‰”‘—’•«†‡ˆ‹‡†„›–Š‡‹”—Ž–‹æ‡–Š‹…ƒ† ‹–‡”…—Ž–—”ƒŽ…‘†‹–‹‘ä ƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒ–Š‡”‡ƒ”‡ƒ—„‡”‘ˆ…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹…•–Šƒ–†‡–‡”‹‡ –Š‡ ”‹‰Š–•‘ˆƒ……‡••–‘‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ã ‹”•–á –Š‡ Š‡–‡”‘‰‡‡‹–› –Šƒ– ƒ”• –Š‡ ‡š‹•–‹‰ •‘…‹ƒŽ †‹•’ƒ”‹–›ä Š‡ ‰”‡ƒ– •‘…‹ƒŽ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡…‡• †‡ˆ‹‡ –Š‡ ƒ……‡••‹„‹Ž‹–› –‘ –Š‡ ’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘ä ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒá ‹ ”‡‰ƒ”† –‘ ‡…‘‘‹… †‹•’ƒ”‹–‹‡•á ‹• ‘‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”‡‰‹‘• ‹ –Š‡ ™‘”Ž† ™‹–Š –Š‡Š‹‰Š‡•–‹…‘‡‹‡“—ƒŽ‹–‹‡• ‹‰—”‡tä ‡ƒ•—”‡† „› –Š‡ ‹‹ …‘‡ˆˆ‹…‹‡–á ™Š‡”‡ r …‘””‡•’‘†• –‘ ’‡”ˆ‡…– ‡“—ƒŽ‹–› ƒ† s –‘ –‘–ƒŽ ‹‡“—ƒŽ‹–›á ”‡† …‘—–”‹‡• Šƒ˜‡ ‘”‡ ‹‡“—ƒŽ‹–› –Šƒ …‘—–”‹‡• ‹‰”‡‡ä ‘™‡˜‡”á –Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡ ‰”‘—†• ˆ‘” ‘’–‹‹• ‹ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒá •‹…‡ …—””‡–Ž› ‹– ‹• •‹–—ƒ–‡† ƒ• –Š‡ •‡…‘† Ž‘™‡•– —‡“—ƒŽ ”‡‰‹‘ ƒˆ–‡” —”‘’‡ ƒ† ‡–”ƒŽ •‹ƒ ‹‰—”‡u«ƒ……‘”†‹‰–‘–Š‡”‡•—Ž–•‘ˆ–Š‡—ƒ‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–‡’‘”– trsx ’—„Ž‹•Š‡†„›‹–‡†ƒ–‹‘•‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–”‘‰”ƒ‡ ä



‹‰—”‡tä …‘‡‹‡“—ƒŽ‹–‹‡•„‡–™‡‡…‘—–”‹‡• ‘—”…‡ã—ƒ‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–‡’‘”–„›–Š‡trrw ä

InequalityInequalityInequalityHuman CoefficientInequalityadjusted lifeInequality adjusted Inequality adjusted education in income Development Inequality-adjusted of human in life expectancy in Index (HDI) inequalityexpectancy index education index income index HDI (IHDI)

Regions Arab States East Asia and the Pacific Europe and Central Asia Latin America and the Caribbean South Asia Sub-Saharan Africa

Value

Difference Overall from HDI Value loss (%) rank

2015

2015

0.687 0.720 0.756 0.751 0.621 0.523

0.498 0.581 0.660 0.575 0.449 0.355

2015

27.5 19.3 12.7 23.4 27.7 32.2

2015

— — — — — —

(%)

Income inequality Quintile Palma Gini ratio ratio coefficient

Value

(%)

Value

(%)

Value

2015 2010–2015 2015

2015

2015

2015

2015 2010–15 2010–15 2010–15

27.1 19.0 12.6 22.9 27.1 32.1

17.9 11.2 13.2 14.0 23.9 34.9

0.642 0.740 0.702 0.730 0.570 0.389

37.1 18.3 7.9 19.7 39.5 34.0

0.347 0.505 0.670 0.537 0.314 0.297

26.2 27.4 16.7 34.9 17.8 27.4

0.556 0.526 0.611 0.486 0.504 0.386

— — — — — —

— — — — — —

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‹‰—”‡u䗏ƒ†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– †‡š ‘—”…‡ã—ƒ‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–‡’‘”–trsx ä

—”–Š‡”‘”‡á –Š‡ —•‡ ‘ˆ ‡™ –‡…Š‘Ž‘‰‹‡• …‘—Ž† Š‡Ž’ –‘ ”‡†—…‡ –Š‹• ‰ƒ’su „‡–™‡‡ ”‹…Š ƒ† ’‘‘”ä ‘” –Š‹• ”‡ƒ•‘á ’—„Ž‹… ‹•–‹–—–‹‘• « ‡˜‡ –Š‡ ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ « •Š‘—Ž† ‡š’Ž‘‹– –Š‡•‡ –‘‘Ž• –‘ ˆƒ…‹Ž‹–ƒ–‡ –Š‡ ƒ……‡•• –‘ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ˆ‘” ƒŽŽ’‡‘’Ž‡ä ‡…‘†á –Š‡ …‘‡š‹•–‡…‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘– …‘–‡’‘”ƒ”›  ƒ•›…Š”‘› «ä  ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒá ‡Ž‡‡–• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’ƒ•– ƒ† –Š‡ ’”‡•‡– Ž‹˜‡ •‹—Ž–ƒ‡‘—•Ž›ä Š‹• ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’á ™Š‹…Š ƒ– ˆ‹”•– ‹• ‘– …ƒ—•ƒŽá …ƒ—•‡•á †‡’‡†‹‰ ‘ –Š‡ •‘…‹ƒŽ •–”ƒ–—á …‡”–ƒ‹ ‰”‘—’• –‘ …ƒ””› ‘—– –Š‡ •ƒ‡ « ‘” •‹‹Žƒ” « ƒ…–‹˜‹–‹‡• ™‹–Š



Š‹• ‹• ƒ ”‡ƒŽ‹–› –Šƒ– —•– „‡ –ƒ‡ ‹–‘ ƒ……‘—– „› „‘–Š –Š‡ ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ƒ—æ –Š‘”‹–‹‡•á ™Š‡ ƒ’’”‘˜‹‰ –Š‡‹” ’—„Ž‹… ’‘Ž‹…‹‡•á ƒ† ‡†‹ƒ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ• ‹ –Š‡‹”†ƒ‹Ž›™‘”äŠ‡‹”…ƒ’ƒ…‹–›‘ˆòƒ†ƒ’–ƒ–‹‘ó–‘–Š‡ƒ…–—ƒŽ •‹–—ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡ ’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘ ™‹ŽŽ †‡ˆ‹‡ –Š‡‹” ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ •—ˆˆ‹…‹‡…›á „‡‹‰ ƒ„Ž‡ –‘ ˆ‹†–Š‡ –‘‘Ž•ƒ†”‡•‘—”…‡•–Šƒ–‡ƒ„Ž‡–Š‡–‘”‡ƒ…ŠƒŽŽ’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘‰”‘—’•ƒ†•–”ƒ–ƒ –Šƒ–á †—‡ –‘ –Š‡‹” •‹–—ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ƒ•›…Š”‘›á ƒ”‡ ‹ ƒ •–ƒ–‡ ‘ˆ ‡š…Ž—•‹‘ˆ”‘ –Š‡…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ’”‘…‡••ä Š‹”†á –Š‡ ƒ……‡•• –‘ †‡…‹•‹‘æƒ‹‰ ’”‘…‡•• ‹ –Š‡ ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ƒ† –ƒ–‡ ’—„Ž‹… ’‘Ž‹…‹‡•ä —„Ž‹… ’‘Ž‹…‹‡•á ƒ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ –Š‡ „•‡”˜ƒ–‘”› ‹ —„Ž‹… ‘Ž‹…‹‡• ‘ˆ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ  svá ƒ”‡ ƒ •‡– ‘ˆ ˆ‘”ƒŽ †‡…‹•‹‘• –Šƒ– ƒ”‡ ‹–‡””‡Žƒ–‡†á †‡’‡†‹‰ ‘ –Š‡ ‹–‡–‹‘ ƒ† †‡–‡”‹ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ƒ ‰”‘—’ ‘ˆ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ•ƒ† ‹•–‹–—–‹‘•â „—– –Š‡› ƒ› ƒŽ•‘ …‘•‹•– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹ƒ…–‹‘ „› –Š‡ ƒ—–Š‘”‹–‹‡•á –Šƒ– ‹•á –Š‡ †‡…‹•‹‘ ‘– –‘ ƒ…– ‘ ƒ ‹••—‡ ‘” ’”‘„Ž‡ƒ–‹… •‹–—ƒ–‹‘”‡“—‹”‹‰–Š‡‹”‹–‡”˜‡–‹‘ä Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡á ’—„Ž‹… ’‘Ž‹…‹‡• ƒ”‡ …‘•‹†‡”‡† ƒ• –Š‡ ”‡•’‘•‹„‹Ž‹–› ‘ˆ –Š‡

‘˜‡”‡–á ‘ˆ –Š‘•‡ ™Š‘ Šƒ˜‡ „‡‡‹˜‡•–‡† ™‹–Š Ž‡‰ƒŽ ƒ† Ž‡‰‹–‹ƒ–‡ ’‘™‡” –‘ ƒ‡ „‹†‹‰ †‡…‹•‹‘• ˆ‘” –Š‡™Š‘Ž‡ ‘ˆ •‘…‹‡–› ƒ† ƒ…– ˆ‘” –Š‡ …‘‘‰‘‘†äŠ‡•‡’—„Ž‹…’‘Ž‹…‹‡•—•–„‡ Ž‡‰‹–‹‹•‡† „ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡ ”‹‰Š– ‘ˆ ƒ……‡•• –‘ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ …‹–‹œ‡•ƒ†–Š‡‘–‹‘‘ˆ–”ƒ•’ƒ”‡…›‹ ’—„Ž‹…†‡…‹•‹‘•ä ˆ–”ƒ•’ƒ”‡…›‹•ƒ‡‡”‰‹‰ …‘…‡’– ‹ ‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ …‹‡…‡á ƒ……‡•• –‘ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ —•– „‡ …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•‡† ˆ”‘ ƒ Ž‡‰ƒŽ ’‘‹– ‘ˆ ˜‹‡™ –Šƒ• –‘ –Š‡ –Š‡‘”› ‘ˆ —ƒ ‹‰Š–•ƒ† ‹˜‹Ž ‹„‡”–‹‡• ±”‡œ ƒ† ƒ‘™‹ƒátrrv ä Š‡ ”‡ƒŽ‹–› –Šƒ– ‡š‹•–• ‹ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒá ƒ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ Šƒ˜‡”‘ ƒ† ŽŽ‡” trsv á‹•–Šƒ––Š‡•‡’—„Ž‹…’‘Ž‹…‹‡•ƒ”‡…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•‡†„›‹…‘•‹•–‡…›á‹•æ –ƒ„‹Ž‹–› ƒ† Žƒ… ‘ˆ …‘–‹—‹–›ä Šƒ‰‡• –Šƒ– …ƒ—•‡ –Š‡ ’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘ •‘ •‡‡ –Š‡‹…”‡ƒ•‹‰†‹ˆˆ‹…—Ž–›‘ˆ–Š‡‹”‡ˆˆ‡…–‹˜‡’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‹‘‹’—„Ž‹…†‡…‹•‹‘•á …”‡ƒ–‹‰–Š‡‰”‡ƒ–‡•–‡‡†ˆ”‘–Š‡’‘‹–‘ˆ˜‹‡™‘ˆƒ……‡••–‘‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ã Šƒ˜‹‰ –Š‡ ‡…‡••ƒ”› …‘–‹—‹–› –Šƒ– ƒŽŽ‘™• –Š‡ ˆ‹ƒŽ ‡š‡…—–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’”‘Œ‡…–•’”‘’‘•‡†ƒ†’Žƒ‡†„›–Š‡ƒ—–Š‘”‹–‹‡•”‡•’‘•‹„Ž‡ˆ‘”–Š‡ †‡æ ˜‡Ž‘’‡–‘ˆ’—„Ž‹…’‘Ž‹…›äŠ‹••‹–—ƒ–‹‘…”‡ƒ–‡•ƒ‰ƒ’‹ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ „‡–™‡‡–Š‡…‘—‹–›ƒ†–Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡–ƒ‰‡…‹‡•á’”‘’–‹‰ƒ”‡“—‹æ ”‡‡–‘–Š‡’ƒ”–‘ˆ•‘…‹‡–›á‹’”‘˜‹‰–Š‡…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘’‘Ž‹…›‘ˆ –Š‡ –ƒ–‡áƒŽŽ‘™‹‰ˆ‘”‰”‡ƒ–‡”ƒ†‘”‡ˆŽ—‹†’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡ ’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘ ‹–Š‡†‡…‹•‹‘ƒ‹‰ä



‘—”–Šá –Š‡ ƒ……‡•• ‹‹–‹ƒ–‹˜‡• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’‡‘’Ž‡ ƒ• ƒ–—”‡ ‘ ™Š‹…Š ‹• „ƒ•‡† –Š‡”‹‰Š–‘ˆˆ”‡‡ƒ……‡••–‘‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘äŠ‡‡š‡”…‹•‡‘ˆ–Š‹•”‹‰Š–•Š‘—Ž†„‡ ƒ”‡“—‹”‡‡–‘ˆ–Š‡•‘…‹‡–›™‹–Š‹…‘–‡’‘”ƒ”›†‡‘…”ƒ…‹‡•áƒ‹‡† ƒ– Šƒ˜‹‰ƒ†‹”‡…–‘”’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‘”›†‡‘…”ƒ…›™Š‡”‡…‹–‹œ‡•Šƒ˜‡ƒ ‰”‡ƒ–‡” ”‘Ž‡‹ ‘˜‡”‡–†‡…‹•‹‘•ä Ž–Š‘—‰Šá ’”‹ƒ”‹Ž›á –Š‡ ˆ—†ƒ‡–ƒŽ ƒ† –Š‡ •‡…‘† ‰‡‡”ƒ–‹‘ ”‹‰Š–• « ‡…‘‘‹… ƒ† •‘…‹ƒŽ « Šƒ˜‡ –‘ „‡ ƒ……‘’Ž‹•Š‡†á ƒ– ’”‡•‡–á –Š‡ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ ”‡‰‹‘ —•– „‡ ˆ‘”‰‡† ‘ –Š‡ „ƒ•‹• ‘ˆ ƒ •‘…‹‡–› …ƒ’ƒ„Ž‡ ‘ˆ ˆ‘”‹‰ƒ ƒ…–‹˜‡ ’ƒ”– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’”‘…‡•• ‘ˆ ƒ…Š‹‡˜‹‰ –Š‡ •‘æ…ƒŽŽ‡† –Š‹”† ‰‡‡”ƒ–‹‘”‹‰Š–• « •‡Žˆ †‡–‡”‹ƒ–‹‘â •‘Ž‹†ƒ”‹–› ”‹‰Š–•â ”‹‰Š– –‘ ’‡ƒ…‡â ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ‹†‡–‹–›â ’‡ƒ…‡ˆ—Ž …‘‡š‹•–‡…‡â ‹–‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ Œ—•–‹…‡â …‘‘ Š‡”‹–ƒ‰‡ ‘ˆ ƒ‹†â †‹‰‹ˆ‹‡† Ž‹ˆ‡â ˆ‘‘†á †‡‘‰”ƒ’Š‹…á ‡†—…ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ƒ† ‡…‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ’”‘„Ž‡•‘Ž—–‹‘•âƒ†ƒŠ‡ƒŽ–Š›‡˜‹”‘‡–ä ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒá ‡˜‡ –‘†ƒ›á ‹• ‹ ƒ …‘–‡š– ‹ ™Š‹…Š ’—„Ž‹… ’‘Ž‹…‹‡• —•– „‡ ƒ†ƒ’–‡† –‘ –Š‡ ˜ƒ”‹‘—• •‘…‹ƒŽ ”‡ƒŽ‹–‹‡• —†‡” ƒ ‹‘˜ƒ–‹˜‡ ’ƒ”ƒ†‹‰ä  ƒ††‹–‹‘á –Š‡› —•– ‡†—”‡ ‘˜‡” –‹‡ ƒ† •’ƒ…‡ ˆ‘” –Š‡ ’‡‘’Ž‡ –‘ ƒ…–‹˜‡Ž› ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‡‹–Š‡á„”‡ƒ‹‰–Š‡‰ƒ’„‡–™‡‡–Š‡–ƒ–‡ƒ†–Š‡…‘—‹–› ˆ‘” …‘…”‡–‡ ƒ† ‘’‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ”‡•—Ž–• –Šƒ– ™‹ŽŽ ƒŽŽ‘™ ‡ˆˆ‡…–‹˜‡ ‡ˆ‘”…‡‡– ‘ˆ ”‹‰Š–• ƒ……‡•• „› –Š‡ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ ’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘ä

&RQFOXVLRQV Š”‘—‰Š‘—– –Š‹•…Šƒ’–‡”á •Š‘™‹‰ ƒ’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡–Šƒ–Ž‡ƒ†• –Š‡ ”‡ƒ†‡” –‘ Šƒ˜‡ƒ•–ƒ–‹…˜‹‡™‘ˆ–Š‡‡ƒ‹‰‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡‹ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ ˆ”‘ƒ‰Ž‘„ƒŽáŽ‘…ƒŽƒ†…‹–‹œ‡’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡Šƒ•„‡‡ƒ˜‘‹†‡†ä˜‡ ‘”‡ •‘™Š‡–Š‡Š‹•–‘”‹…ƒŽá’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽá•‘…‹ƒŽá…—Ž–—”ƒŽá‡–Š‹…ƒ†‹†‡‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ †‡æ ˜‡Ž‘’‡–‘ˆ–Š‹•”‡‰‹‘–”ƒ•…‡†•–Š‡Ž‹‹–•‘ˆƒ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘•—…Šƒ• –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹…ä ‘†ƒ›á‘•–‘ˆ–Š‡”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡•…ƒ””‹‡†‘—–‹–Š‹•”‡‰‹‘ƒ‹–ƒ‹–Š‡‡•–‡” •–ƒ’á ‹‰‘”‹‰ ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡…‡• ‘ˆ ‡ƒ…Š ‘ˆ –Š‡ …‘—–”‹‡•á ƒ–‹‘• ƒ† –‡””‹–‘”‹‡• †‡ˆ‹‡† „› ˜ƒŽ—‡•á ‘”•á ’”ƒ…–‹…‡• ƒ† ƒ––‹–—†‡• –Šƒ–•–”—…–—”‡ ƒ† •—’’‘”– –Š‡‹” Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡•ä Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ ‘ˆ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ…ƒ‘–„‡‡ƒ•—”‡†ˆ”‘–Š‡„‹‘‹ƒŽò•—……‡••æˆƒ‹Ž—”‡ó™Š‡™‡ ‘Ž›…‘•‹†‡”™Š‡–Š‡”–Š‡‹†‡–‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ†‹•–‹…–‹˜‡ƒ†—‹“—‡ˆ‡ƒ–—”‡• ‹ƒ‹˜‡•–‹‰ƒ–‹‘Šƒ•„‡‡ƒ…Š‹‡˜‡†‘”‘–ä ˆ™‡ƒ…–‹–Š‹•™ƒ›á™‡™‹ŽŽ ˆƒŽŽ ‹–‘ ƒ ”‡†—…–‹‘‹• –Šƒ– ™‹ŽŽ Š‹†‡–Š‡ ™‡ƒŽ–Š ˆ”‘ –Š‡ …—Ž–—”ƒŽ ƒ†



‡†‹ƒò‹•…‡‰‡ƒ–‹‘ó‘ˆƒŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–Šƒ–‡ƒƒ–‡•ˆ”‘–Š‡‹ˆŽ—‡…‡• ˆ”‘ƒ„”‘ƒ†ƒ†–Š‡†‹˜‡”•‡ƒ†”‹…ŠŠ‡”‹–ƒ‰‡‘ˆ‡ƒ…Š‘ˆ–Š‡…‘—–”‹‡•ƒ† –‡””‹–‘”‹‡•–Šƒ–ƒ‡—’–Š‹•”‡‰‹‘ä • ƒ ˆ‹ƒŽ •—ƒ”›á ‹– …ƒ „‡ •ƒ‹† –Šƒ– ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ …‘—–”‹‡• ƒ”‡ ‹…Ž—†‡† ™‹–Š‹ –Š‡ ’ƒ”ƒ†‹‰ ‘ˆ ‹–‡”‡†‹ƒ–‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ ƒ† ƒ‹–ƒ‹ …‘‘ …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹…• •—…Š ƒ•ã s  ƒ ‡†‹ƒ ‹†—•–”› ™‹–Š Ž‘™ Ž‡˜‡Ž• ‘ˆ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹• ƒ† ƒƒ‰‡† „› ƒ « ‡…‘‘‹… ƒ† ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ « ‡Ž‹–‡â t  ƒ Š‹‰Š Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘ˆ ˆ‹ƒ…‹ƒŽ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡ ‘ˆ ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ …ƒ’‹–ƒŽâ u  ƒ •–”‘‰ †‹”‡…– –ƒ–‡ ‹–‡”˜‡–‹‘ « ‡†‹ƒ Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ‘™‡”•Š‹’â v  ƒ Žƒ–‡ ƒ† ƒ–—”‹‰ †‡‘…”ƒ–‹… ’”‘…‡••â w  ƒ Š‹‰Š Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘ˆ ƒ•›…Š”‘‹…‹–› ƒ† †‹ˆˆ‡”‡…‡• ‹ ƒ……‡•• –‘ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ „› –Š‡ ’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘â x  ƒ Žƒ… ‘ˆ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ …‘•‡•—• ƒ‘‰ ‡’‹”‹…ƒŽ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• « ™‹–Š ‘”‡ ‡š’‡”‹‡…‡ « ƒ† –Š‡ ‡™ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ‰”ƒ†—ƒ–‡•â ƒ† y  Ž‘™ ’ƒ› ƒ…”‘•• –Š‡ „‘ƒ”† « ƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š –Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡ …‘—–”‹‡• Ž‹‡ …—ƒ†‘” ™Š‡”‡ ƒ ™ƒ‰‡ ‹…”‡ƒ•‡ ™ƒ• ƒ’’”‘˜‡† ‹ ‡…‡„‡”trstswä Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡á–Š‹•…Šƒ’–‡”–Š‡‘”‡–‹…ƒŽŽ›ˆ”ƒ‡•–™‘ˆ—†ƒ‡–ƒŽƒ•’‡…–•–Šƒ– …‘•–‹–—–‡ ‹–• ‡†‹ƒ ”‡ƒŽ‹–›ä ‹”•–á ƒ ƒƒŽ›•‹• ‘ˆ –Š‡ •‘…‹‘懅‘‘‹…á †‡‘‰”ƒ’Š‹…á’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽá…—Ž–—”ƒŽƒ†’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ…‘†‹–‹‘•–Šƒ–•–”—…–—”‡ –Š‡ …‘‘ˆ‡ƒ–—”‡•–Šƒ–†‡–‡”‹‡–Š‡˜ƒŽ—‡•á’‡”…‡’–‹‘•ƒ†ƒ––‹–—†‡• ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•‹ƒ…‘—–”›‘””‡‰‹‘™‹–Š‹–Š‡•‘æ…ƒŽŽ‡†ƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒ ‹–‡”‡†‹ƒ–‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ä†á •‡…‘†Ž›á ‹–”ƒ‹•‡• ƒ‡™ ”‘Ž‡ ‘ˆƒ …‹˜‹Ž •‘…‹‡–›–Šƒ–á–‘†ƒ›‘”‡–Šƒ‡˜‡”ኃ•–Š‡‘’’‘”–—‹–›–‘‡š‡”…‹•‡–Šƒ– ò…‹–‹œ‡’‘™‡”󖊃–‰‡‡”ƒ–‡•–Š‡‘’’‘”–—‹–›–‘’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‡‹†‡…‹•‹‘•á ’—„Ž‹…•‡”˜‹…‡•ƒ†’‘Ž‹…‹‡•ƒ•ˆ”‘‡š‡”…‹•‹‰–Š‡‹””‹‰Š––‘‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ƒ† …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘‹ƒ†‡‘…”ƒ…›–Šƒ–—•–„‡ƒ•’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‘”›ƒ•’‘••‹„Ž‡ä 1RWHV w ‡…‘˜‡”‡† sz rt swã Š––’•ã ’‘”–‘…˜ä‰‘˜ä…˜ †Š—„ ’‘”–‘ä’‘”4‰Ž‘„ƒŽä‘’‡4ˆ‹Ž‡ë’4†‘…4‹†±sruv ‡‘…”ƒ…› æ†‡šátrst ä x ……‘”†‹‰–‘–Š‡ƒ–‹‘„ƒ”׏‡–”‘•—”˜‡›trss ä y ‡…‘˜‡”‡† s{ rt swã Š––’ã ™™™ä—†’ä‘”‰ …‘–‡– †ƒ ˜‡‡œ—‡Žƒ †‘…• —†’4˜‡4 4trsu䒆ˆ —”˜‡›ƒ„‘—–—ƒ‡˜‡Ž‘’‡‡–á trsu ä z ……‘”†‹‰–‘ƒ•—”˜‡›„›–Š‡‹–‡†ƒ–‹‘•‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–”‘‰”ƒ‡ ä { ƒ–ƒ‘„–ƒ‹‡†ˆ”‘–Š‡‡”‹…ƒˆ‡†‡”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ’”‡•• ‡†‡”ƒ…‹×ƒ–‹‘ƒ‡”‹…ƒƒ†‡ ‡”‹‘†‹•–ƒ• ‡Žƒ’ ‘–Š‡‘”Ž†”‡••ƒ›‹trrtä sr Š‹••—”˜‡›™ƒ•…‘†—…–‡†‹–Š‡ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰…‘—–”‹‡•ã”‰‡–‹ƒá‘Ž‹˜‹ƒá”ƒœ‹ŽáŠ‹Ž‡á ‘Ž‘„‹ƒá‘•–ƒ‹…ƒá—„ƒá…—ƒ†‘”ᎃŽ˜ƒ†‘”á’ƒ‹á —ƒ–‡ƒŽƒá‘†—”ƒ•á‡š‹…‘á ‹…ƒ”ƒ‰—ƒáƒƒƒáƒ”ƒ‰—ƒ›á‡”—á—‡”–‘‹…‘ᑏ‹‹…ƒ‡’—„Ž‹…á”—‰—ƒ›ƒ† ‡‡œ—‡Žƒä ss ‡…‘˜‡”‡†sz rt sw㊖–’ã ‡•ä”•ˆä‘”‰ ‡’‘”–‡”•‹–Š‘—–‘”†‡”•á trss ä



st Š‡ ‘•– …”‹–‹…ƒŽ ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡”• ”‡ˆ‡” –‘ –Š‡ Žƒ… ‘ˆ Ž‡‰‹–‹ƒ…› ‘ˆ –Š‡ •—’’‘•‡† ò‰Ž‘„ƒŽ …‹˜‹Ž •‘…‹‡–›ó †‡”•‘ƒ†‹‡ˆˆá trrv ä su ‹–Š‰‘‘†—•ƒ‰‡á•‹…‡‹’”‘’‡”—•ƒ‰‡…ƒ‹…”‡ƒ•‡–Š‡‰ƒ’ä sv „•‡”˜ƒ–‘”‹‘†‡‘ŽÀ–‹…ƒ•‹…ƒ•’ƒ”ƒ±”‹…ƒ ƒ–‹ƒä sw ‡…‘˜‡”‡†rt ss sxã Š––’ã ™™™ä’”‡•‹†‡…‹ƒä‰‘„䇅 ‰‘„‹‡”‘惐—…‹ƒæŠ‹•–‘”‹…‘æ ‹…”‡‡–‘æ †‡Žæ•ƒŽƒ”‹‘愃•‹…‘憇撇”‹‘†‹•–ƒ•æ›æ–”ƒ„ƒŒƒ†‘”‡•æ†‡æŽƒæ…‘—‹…ƒ…‹‘æ “—‹–‘ætt憋…惐†‡•æƒ–‡æŽƒæƒ—•‡…‹ƒæ†‡æŽ‘•æ”‡’”‡•‡æ–ƒ–‡•æ†‡æŽ‘•æ–”ƒ„ƒŒƒ†‘”‡•æ›æ†‡æŽ‘• á ™‡„•‹–‡‘ˆ–Š‡”‡•‹†‡…‹ƒä‡’ï„Ž‹…ƒ†‡Ž …—ƒ†‘”ä



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•Š‘—Ž†‰‘ $EVWUDFW ƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒ‹•—†‡”‰‘‹‰ƒ’”‘…‡••‘ˆ…Šƒ‰‡ƒ‹‡†ƒ–•–”‡‰–Š‡‹‰‹–• …ƒ’ƒ…‹–› ˆ‘” •‡Žˆæ†‡–‡”‹ƒ–‹‘ –Šƒ– ƒ”‹•‡• ƒ• ƒ ˆ‹ƒŽ •–ƒ‰‡ ‘ˆ …Šƒ‰‡ ˆ‘” ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽá ‡…‘‘‹…á •‘…‹ƒŽ ƒ† ‹†‡‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ •›•–‡• ‹ –Š‡ ”‡‰‹‘ä  –Š‹• ’”‘…‡••á…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ƒ†Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•Šƒ˜‡ˆ—†ƒ‡–ƒŽ”‘Ž‡•ä‡…ƒ—•‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡‹” –”ƒ•˜‡”•ƒŽ …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡” –Š‡› ƒ”‡ ƒ„Ž‡ –‘ ƒ…– ƒ• ‹–‡”‡†‹ƒ”‹‡• ‹ …‘ˆŽ‹…–• …ƒ—•‡† „› –Š‡ Š›„”‹†‹–› ‘ˆ †‡‘…”ƒ–‹… ”‡‰‹‡• ƒ† Ž‹„‡”ƒŽ ‡…‘‘‹… ‘†‡Ž•ä Š‹• ‡™ •‹–—ƒ–‹‘ Ž‡ƒ†• —• –‘ •’‡ƒ ‘ˆ ‡…‘Ž‘‰› ‘ˆ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘•—’’‘”–‡†„›’Ž—”ƒŽ‹•á–Š‡…‘‘‰‘‘†ƒ†–Š‡•‡ƒ”…Š ˆ‘”…‘•‡•—•âƒŽŽ‘™‹‰ƒ‡†‹ƒ”‡ˆ‘”—Žƒ–‹‘„ƒ•‡†‘–Š‡…‘ˆŽ—‡…‡‘ˆ ƒŽŽ •›•–‡• ƒ† Ž‘‰‹… ˆŽ‘™• ‘ˆ ”‡•’‘•‹„‹Ž‹–› ƒ† –”—•–ä Š‡•‡ –Š‡‘”‡–‹…ƒŽ ƒ••—’–‹‘• ’”‘’‘•‡á ‹ …‘…Ž—•‹‘á –Š‡ ‡‡† –‘ ”‡ƒ…Š ƒ ò…‘’Ž‡š Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… ‘†‡Žó ‹ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ ‡•–Ž‡† ‹ –Š‡ ƒ–—”‡ ‘ˆ ‹•…‡‰‡ƒ–‹‘á•‡”‡†‹’‹…ƒ†„‹‘…‡–”‹……Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”ä



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 7KHGHPRFUDWLFFKDUDFWHURIWKH/DWLQ$PHULFDQUHJLRQ ˜‡ –‘†ƒ› ‹– ‹• ˜‡”› …‘’Ž‡š –‘ †‡Ž‹‹– …‘…‡’–—ƒŽŽ› ƒ †‡‘…”ƒ–‹… •–”—…–—”‡™Š‡”‡–Š‡’‘™‡”ზŽ‡ƒ•––Š‡‘”‡–‹…ƒŽŽ›á ‹•‰‡‡”ƒ–‡†‹‡ƒ…Š‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ• –Šƒ– …‘•–‹–—–‡ ƒ •‘…‹‡–›ä  ƒ††‹–‹‘á ƒ• —„‹‘ ƒ””ƒ…‡†‘ s{{v  •–ƒ–‡•á –Š‹• †‡‘…”ƒ–‹… –”ƒ•ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ Šƒ• –”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽŽ› „‡‡ …ƒ””‹‡†‘—––Š”‘—‰Š–Š‡‡‘Ž‹„‡”ƒŽ’ƒ–Š„ƒ•‡†‘–Š‡ƒ”‡–á’‘Ž›ƒ”…Š‹…ƒŽ ƒ†…‘”’‘”ƒ–‹•–‘†‡Ž•ä



”‡–—”á–Š‡•‘æ…ƒŽŽ‡†ò…‹˜‹…”‡’—„Ž‹…ƒ‹•ó‘”ò•‘…‹ƒŽ†‡‘…”ƒ…›ó‡‡”‰‡ —†‡” –Š‡ ’”‘–‡…–‹‘ ‘ˆ ”‡’—„Ž‹…ƒ ’ƒ”ƒ†‹‰• ƒ† ƒ• ƒ ”‡ƒ…–‹‘ –‘ ‡‘Ž‹„‡”ƒŽ ‡…‘‘‹… ‘†‡Ž•ä Š‡ …‘—–”‹‡• ‘ˆ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ …ƒŽŽ‡† ò’”‘‰”‡••‹˜‡ó•–ƒ”–ˆ”‘–Š‡…‘…‡’–‘ˆò…‹–‹œ‡”‡˜‘Ž—–‹‘ó«ƒ•‹–‹•‡ƒ…–‡† ‹…‘—–”‹‡•Ž‹‡…—ƒ†‘”ᄃ•‡†‘s ƒ’‘Ž‹…›–Šƒ–…‘„‹‡•–Š‡•‡ƒ”…Šˆ‘” ƒ…‘–‹—‘—•ƒ†ƒ…–‹˜‡…‹–‹œ‡’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‹‘‹’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽƒ† •‘…‹ƒŽ Ž‹ˆ‡‘ˆ –Š‡…‘—–”›ƒ†t ƒ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ‹‹–‹ƒ–‹˜‡„ƒ•‡†‘ƒ•’‡…–•‘ˆ‡‰‘–‹ƒ–‹‘ƒ† ‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ–‹‘‹•‡ƒ”…Š‘ˆ’—„Ž‹…‰‘‘†•áƒ•’”‘’‘•‡†„›ƒ”„‡”s{zv ‹Š‹• „‘‘–”‘‰‡‘…”ƒ…›äƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‘”›ˆ‘”ƒ‡™‰‡ s{ä Š‹•Ž‡˜‡Ž‘ˆ…‘ˆŽ‹…–‹–Š‡”‡‰‹‘’”‘˜‘‡•ƒ•‹–—ƒ–‹‘‘ˆŠ›„”‹†‹–›‘ˆ–Š‡ ‹’Žƒ–‡† †‡‘…”ƒ–‹… ”‡‰‹‡•á ‹ ™Š‹…Š ”‡’—„Ž‹…ƒ ‹†‡ƒ• ƒ† Ž‹„‡”ƒŽ †‡‘…”ƒ–‹… …‘…‡’–• ƒ”‡ …‘„‹‡†ã ò–Š‡ †‡‘…”ƒ–‹… ‡–Š‘† ‹• –Šƒ– ‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ•›•–‡‘ˆ‰‡•–ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ†‡…‹•‹‘•–Šƒ–”‡ƒŽ‹œ‡•–Š‡ …‘‘ ‰‘‘†á Ž‡ƒ˜‹‰ –Š‡ ’‡‘’Ž‡ –‘ †‡…‹†‡ ˆ‘” –Š‡•‡Ž˜‡• –Š‡ ‹••—‡• ‹ †‹•’—–‡ „› ‡Ž‡…–‹‰ –Š‡ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ• ™Š‘ Šƒ˜‡ –‘ …‘‰”‡‰ƒ–‡ –‘ …ƒ””› ‘—– –Š‡‹”™‹ŽŽó…Š—’‡–‡”trás{xuãuts‹—„‹‘ƒ””ƒ…‡†‘ás{{v 䐇‘ˆ–Š‡ ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‡•–Šƒ–—•–„‡…‘•‹†‡”‡†‹•–Š‡…”‡ƒ–‹‘‘ˆƒ†‡‘…”ƒ–‹…‘†‡Ž‹ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ –Šƒ– ‘˜‡• ƒ™ƒ› ˆ”‘ –Š‡ „‹‘‹ƒŽ …‘ˆ”‘–ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ”‡’—„Ž‹…ƒ‹• Ž‹„‡”ƒŽ‹•‹ò•‡ƒ”…Šˆ‘”ƒƒ‰”‡‡‡–‹™Š‹…Š–Š‡”‘Ž‡‘ˆ …‘•‡•—•’Žƒ›•‹ˆƒ˜‘”‘ˆ‘„–ƒ‹‹‰ƒ†‡‘…”ƒ–‹…•‘…‹‡–›ó Žƒ••‡”ƒ† ™ƒ†átrsvãtyy ä ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ –Š‡ ‡‘…”ƒ…› †‡š trst á …‘†—…–‡† „› –Š‡ …‘‘‹•– –‡ŽŽ‹‰‡…‡‹–  ᙊ‹…Š†‡–‡”‹‡•–Š‡”ƒ‰‡‘ˆ†‡‘…”ƒ…›ts‹sxy …‘—–”‹‡• ƒ”‘—† –Š‡ ™‘”Ž†á –Š‡ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ ”‡‰‹‘ ‹• ‹ –Š‹”† ’Žƒ…‡ xäux‘—–‘ˆsr ƒˆ–‡”‘”–Š‡”‹…ƒƒ†‡•–‡”—”‘’‡ tt䊋•’‘•‹–‹‘ •’‡ƒ•‘ˆƒ†‡‘…”ƒ…›‹–Š‡’”‘…‡••‘ˆ…‘•‘Ž‹†ƒ–‹‘ƒ†ƒ–—”ƒ–‹‘–Šƒ– —•–ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™–Š‡‘†‡Ž•‘ˆ–Š‡’”‘–‡•–‘˜‡‡–•tu–Šƒ–ƒ”‡†‡˜‡Ž‘’‹‰‹ ƒ Žƒ”‰‡ ’ƒ”– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ™‘”Ž†á †‡ƒ†‹‰ ò‡ƒŽ ‡‘…”ƒ…›óä Š‡•‡ …‹˜‹Ž ‘˜‡‡–• ˆ‡‡Ž –Šƒ– –Š‡ †‡‘…”ƒ–‹… ”‡‰‹‡• †‘ ‘– …‘˜‡” –Š‡‹” ‡‡†•á ƒ„ƒ†‘‹‰ –Š‡‹” ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ …‘‹–‡– –‘ –Š‡ ’‡‘’Ž‡ä ‘ –Š‡ ‰‘ƒŽ ‹•á ƒ• —„‹‘惔”ƒ…‡†‘s{{rá’äs{{ ƒˆˆ‹”•áò–‘ˆ‘”—Žƒ–‡ƒ‘”ƒ–‹˜‡‘†‡Ž ‘ˆ †‡‘…”ƒ…› –Šƒ– ƒŽŽ‘™• —• –‘ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡–‹ƒ–‡ „‡–™‡‡ –Š‡ ’”‘’‘•ƒŽ• ˆ‘” …Šƒ‰‡ ’”‡•‡–‡†á –Š‘•‡ –Šƒ– ˆ‘•–‡” ƒ …‘…‡’–—ƒŽ ƒ† ‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ –”ƒ•ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘™Š‹Ž‡”‡ƒ‹‹‰ˆƒ‹–Šˆ—Ž–‘–Š‡•’‹”‹–‘ˆ–Š‡†‡‘…”ƒ…›‘ˆ –Š‘•‡–Šƒ–’”‘’‹–‹ƒ–‡á‹ˆƒ…–á‘Ž‹‰ƒ”…Š‹…ƒŽá‡Ž‹–‹•–‘”’‘’—Ž‹•–†‡˜‹ƒ–‹‘•óä‘ –Šƒ– ˆ‹ƒŽŽ›á –Š‡ …‘…‡’– ‘ˆ ò‡ƒŽ ‡‘…”ƒ…›ó ‹ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ ‹•



…‘…”‡–‹œ‡†ƒ†‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡†—†‡”–Š‡—„”‡ŽŽƒ‘ˆò‹‹—‡‘…”ƒ…›óä ƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒ‹•ƒ†‡˜‡Ž‘’‹‰”‡‰‹‘–Šƒ–Šƒ•„‡‡ƒ†‘’–‹‰ƒ†‡‘…”ƒ–‹… •›•–‡‡‡”‰‹‰ˆ”‘†‹…–ƒ–‘”‹ƒŽáƒ—–‘…”ƒ–‹…ƒ†‘Ž‹‰ƒ”…Š‹…”‡‰‹‡•„ƒ•‡† ‘•‡’ƒ”ƒ–‹•–ᇚ…Ž—•‹‘ƒ”›ƒ†—•–ƒ„Ž‡•–ƒ†ƒ”†•äŠ‹••‹–—ƒ–‹‘‡ƒ• –Šƒ–‡˜‡–‘†ƒ›áƒ•‡–‹‘‡†ƒ„‘˜‡á–Š‡”‡ƒ”‡†‡‘…”ƒ–‹…”‡‰‹‡•‹–Š‡ ’”‘…‡•• ‘ˆ ƒ–—”‹‰á ™Š‹…Š ‰”ƒ†—ƒŽŽ› ƒ„ƒ†‘ –Š‡ Ž‡‰‹–‹‹œ‹‰ —„”‡ŽŽƒ ‘ˆˆ‡”‡† „› ƒ ò›‘—‰ ”‡•–”—…–—”‹‰ †‡‘…”ƒ…›ó –‘ ƒ†‘’– –Š‡ ‘†‡Ž ‘ˆ ƒ òŽ‡‰‹–‹ƒ–‹‰ƒ–—”‡†‡‘…”ƒ…›ó™‹–Š–Š‡”‹‰Š–•ƒ††—–‹‡•‘ˆ…‹–‹œ‡•«ƒ …‹–‹œ‡•Š‹’…‘’‘•‡†‘ˆ–Š‡ƒŒ‘”‹–›ƒ†˜ƒ”‹‘—•‹‘”‹–‹‡•–Šƒ–ƒ‡—’ ƒŽŽ–Š‡’‡‘’Ž‡•ƒ†ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‹–‹‡•‘ˆ–Š‡”‡‰‹‘ƒ•™‡ŽŽƒ•‹‰”ƒ–•ä Š‡•‡†‡‘…”ƒ–‹…•‘…‹‡–‹‡•—•–„‡„ƒ•‡†‘ƒŽŽ–Š‡—‹–• ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ•–Šƒ– ƒ‡ —’ –Š‡ …—””‡– …‹–‹œ‡• ƒ† •Šƒ”‡ …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹…• ‘ˆ „‡Ž‘‰‹‰á ‡’ƒ–Š› ƒ† •›‡”‰›ä Š‹• ‡™ •‘…‹ƒŽ ‘”†‡” ‹• „ƒ•‡† ‘ ‰Ž‘„ƒŽæŽ‘…ƒŽ •›‡”‰› ‰Ž‘…ƒŽ á ƒ‹–ƒ‹‹‰ ƒ ‡–™‘” „‡Šƒ˜‹‘” „ƒ•‡† ‘ ƒ Š‘Ž‹•–‹… ‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ–‹‘™‹–Š‘—–ƒ†‡ˆ‹‡†Ž‡ƒ†‡”䊇”‡Œ‡…–‹‘‘ˆƒ˜‡”–‹…ƒŽŠ‹‡”ƒ”…Š› ƒ† –Š‡ ƒ„ƒ†‘‹‰ ‘ˆ –Š‡ –‘’憑™ …‘…‡’– ‹ ˆƒ˜‘” ‘ˆ „‘––‘æ—’ †‹”‡…–‹‘ƒŽ…Šƒ‰‡”‡ƒŽ‹‰”‡‰‹‘ƒŽ’‘Ž‹–‹…•‹ˆƒ˜‘”‘ˆ–Š‡‡‡†•‘ˆƒ•‘…‹‡–› –Šƒ–‹••–‹ŽŽ’‘Žƒ”‹œ‡†á•‡‰”‡‰ƒ–‡†ƒ††‹•—‹–‡†ä Š‹• ò…‘—ƒŽ †‡‘…”ƒ–‹… •‘…‹‡–›ó —•– „‡ †‡ˆ‹‡† „› –Š‡ ò’”‘æ …‘‘•ó …‘‘•  –‡†‹‰ –‘ „”‡ƒ –Š‡ ò’—„Ž‹…æ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ó „‹‘‹ƒŽ ‹ ˆƒ˜‘”‘ˆ–Š‡…‘—‹–›á‘ˆò…—Ž–—”ƒŽ…‘˜‡”‰‡…‡ó…‘ŽŽ‡…–‹˜‹• ƒ†‘ˆƒ ò‰‡‡”ƒŽ…—Ž–—”ƒŽ”‡ƒ’’”‘’”‹ƒ–‹‘ó…ƒ’ƒ„Ž‡‘ˆ‡†‹‰–Š‡”‡’”‘†—…–‹‘‘ˆ …ƒ’‹–ƒŽ™‹–Š‘—–•‘…‹ƒŽ‡†ä

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Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡•‘ˆƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒä„ƒ•‹•‘ˆ–Š‹•’ƒ”ƒ†‹‰•Š‹ˆ–Šƒ˜‡„‡‡ ’”‘Œ‡…–• •—…Š ƒ• –Š‡ ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ Žƒ ˆ‘” ‘‘† ‹˜‹‰ Žƒ ƒ…‹‘ƒŽ †‡Ž —‡ ‹˜‹” Žƒ—…Š‡†‹…—ƒ†‘”ᄃ•‡†‘–Š‡…‘…‡’–‘ˆò‹ˆ‡‹Ž‡‹–—†‡óîðä Š‡ò‰Ž‘„ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘‘ˆ‘™Ž‡†‰‡ó‹•‘”‡–Šƒ–Š‡•‹’Ž‡Š‘‘‰‡‹œƒ–‹‘‘ˆ ‘™Ž‡†‰‡‘ˆ–Š‡†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–…‘—‹–‹‡•á’‡‘’Ž‡•ƒ†ƒ–‹‘•–Šƒ–ƒ‡—’–Š‡ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ ”‡‰‹‘ä – ‡ƒ• –‘ Ž‡ƒ” –‘ ƒ’’”‡…‹ƒ–‡ ƒ† —†‡”•–ƒ† –Š‡ Š‡–‡”‘‰‡‡‹–› ƒ† –Š‡ …‘–”‹„—–‹‘• ‘ˆ –Š‘•‡á „‡…ƒ—•‡ –Š‡ •— ‘ˆ –Š‡ òŽ‘…ƒŽ ‘™Ž‡†‰‡ó ‹• ‘”‡ –Šƒ –Š‡ ‰Ž‘„ƒŽ‹œ‡† –‘–ƒŽä  ‘”†‡” –‘ ’”‘–‡…– ƒ† ’‡”’‡–—ƒ–‡–Š‹•Ž‘…ƒŽ‘™Ž‡†‰‡á–Š‡…‘…‡’–‘ˆƒ—–‘‘›‹–Š‡ƒƒ‰‡‡– ‘ˆ–Š‡–‡””‹–‘”›ƒ†‹–Š‡’”‡•‡”˜ƒ–‹‘‘ˆƒ…‡•–”ƒŽŽƒ‰—ƒ‰‡•ƒ†Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡•tw > ’”‹‘”†‹ƒŽ –‘‘Ž• ‘ˆ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ‘™Ž‡†‰‡ –”ƒ•‹••‹‘ æ ‹• ˆ—†ƒ‡–ƒŽä‹‹Žƒ”Ž›áƒ•ƒ”–‹æƒ”„‡”‘trsvãsuz •–ƒ–‡•áò‹–‹•‘–ƒ‡”‡ ƒ˜ƒ–ƒ” ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡…‘‘› ƒ† –Š‡ ƒ”‡–á „—– ƒ ‘˜‡‡– –Šƒ– ƒ‡• …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ƒ†‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘–Š‡‡›•–‘–Š‡‡™‘†‡Ž‘ˆ•‘…‹‡–›óä  „ƒ•‹… ’‹ŽŽƒ” ‘ˆ –Š‹• •‘…‹ƒŽ ƒ† …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ •–”—…–—”‡á †‡ˆ‹‹‰ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ …—Ž–—”‡á ‹• –Š‡ †‹•–”‹„—–‹‘ ‘ˆ •‘…‹ƒŽ ”‘Ž‡• ‘ˆ …‹–‹œ‡• –Š”‘—‰Š ò…‘—‹–›‹‰ƒ•ó䊋•’”‘…‡••‘ˆò…‘’Ž‡š…‹˜‹…ƒ–—”‹–›ó‹•„ƒ•‡†‘–Š‡ ’”‡…‡’–‘ˆ•‘Ž‹†ƒ”‹–›„‡–™‡‡‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ•‹™Š‹…Š‡ƒ…Š‘ˆ–Š‡‡„‡”•‘ˆ–Š‡ …‘—‹–›‘™•Š‹•”‘Ž‡ƒ†™Šƒ–†‡’‡†•‘Š‹ƒ•ƒ ò•‘…‹ƒŽ•—„Œ‡…–óä ‡›ˆƒ…–‘”‹ƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒ„‡…ƒ—•‡–Š‡…—””‡–•‘…‹‡–›‘ˆ–Š‹•”‡‰‹‘‹•‹ƒ ’”‘…‡••‘ˆƒ”‡†‹†‡‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ”‡‰”‡••‹‘ ƒ† ’”‡…ƒ”‹‘—•‡•• ‘ˆ ’”‹…‹’Ž‡• > ‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ‹•‘…‹ƒŽ’”‘„Ž‡•‹•–Š‡Š‹‰ŠŽ‡˜‡Ž•‘ˆ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ‹•–Šƒ–†‡ˆ‹‡• –Š‡„‡Šƒ˜‹‘”‘ˆ–Š‡’‡‘’Ž‡™Š‘•Šƒ’‡–Š‡…‘—‹–‹‡•ä Š‹• ’Š›•‹…ƒŽ ƒ† ’•›…Š‹… ‹•–ƒ„‹Ž‹–› ‹• Œ‘‹‡† „› –Š‡ –‡””‹–‘”‹ƒŽ ‘‡ä ‘†ƒ›á ‘”‡–Šƒ‡˜‡”á–Š‡–‡””‹–‘”›ƒ„ƒ†‘•‹–•’Š›•‹…ƒŽƒ†•–ƒ–‹…ƒ–—”‡‹ˆƒ˜‘” ‘ˆƒò˜‹”–—ƒŽ–‡””‹–‘”‹ƒŽ‹–›ó„ƒ•‡†‘–Š‡…‘…‡’–•‘ˆ†‹ˆˆ—•‹‘ƒ††›ƒ‹•ä …”‡ƒ•‹‰Ž›áˆ‘”–Š‡’‡‘’Ž‡™Š‘ƒ‡—’ƒ…‘—‹–›áƒ–‘™‘”ƒƒ–‹‘á–Š‡ ƒ„ƒ†‘‡–‘ˆ–Š‹•ò‡‡†ˆ‘”–‡””‹–‘”›ó>ƒ•ƒˆƒ…–‘”‘ˆ’‡”•‘ƒŽ‹†‡–‹–›>–Šƒ– –Š‡‹” ƒ…‡•–‘”• Šƒ†á „‡…‘‡• ‘”‡ ‡˜‹†‡–ä ‡…‡á …‘…‡’–• •—…Š ƒ• ’ƒ–”‹‘–‹•ƒ†ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‹•ƒ”‡‡˜‘Ž˜‹‰–‘™ƒ”†•–Š‡‘–‹‘•‘ˆò…‹˜‹Ž‹–›óᙋ–Š  ˆ‘” –Š‡ ˆ‡ŽŽ‘™ …‹–‹œ‡• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”‡‰‹‘á ƒ† òˆ‹†‡Ž‹–›ó ƒ† òŽ‘›ƒŽ–›óá ™‹–Š –Š‡ „‡Ž‹‡ˆ•áŠ‹•–‘”›ƒ†‹†‡ƒ•‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒ”‡‰‹‘ä ”‘–Š‡…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ’‘‹–‘ˆ˜‹‡™á–Š‡”‡‹•ƒŠ‹•–‘”‹…ƒŽ†‡„–™‹–Š”‡•’‡…– –‘”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‹–Š‡ƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒ”‡‰‹‘äŠ‡…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘•›•–‡•ƒ†–Š‡ ’Š‡‘‡ƒ ƒ••‘…‹ƒ–‡† ™‹–Š –Š‡ Šƒ˜‡ „‡‡ •–—†‹‡† Žƒ–‡ ƒ† ‹ ƒ



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Š‡ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’ „‡–™‡‡ –Š‡•‡ ƒ…–‘”•  ’‘™‡”• —•– ƒ„ƒ†‘”‡Žƒ–‹‘•„ƒ•‡†‘–Š‡ò’‘™‡”‘ˆ–Š‡•Ž‘‰ƒóƒ†–Š‡‡Ž‹–‹•–…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡” ƒ†•—„‘”†‹ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ•‘‡‘˜‡”–Š‡‘–Š‡”•ä‡›‘†–Š‡•‘æ…ƒŽŽ‡†Š‹‰Š Ž‘™ ‹–‡•‹–›™ƒ”•ƒ†–Š‡ˆƒŽ•‡’‘•‹–‹˜‡•–Šƒ–Š‹†‡†ƒ”‹–‡”‡•–•á–Š‡ƒŽ–‡”ƒ–‹˜‡• ‰‘–Š”‘—‰Š–Š‡…”‡ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ”‹…Šƒ††‹˜‡”•‡‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘…Šƒ‡Ž•–Šƒ–‘’‡—’ ƒŽŽ–Š‡…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘’‘••‹„‹Ž‹–‹‡•„‡–™‡‡–Š‡äˆ–‡”ƒŽŽá—”ƒ˜‡Ž‹‰–Š‡’Ž‘– ‹• ‘–Š‹‰ ‘”‡ –Šƒ •–ƒ”–‹‰ ˆ”‘ ƒ ’”‘…‡•• ‘ˆ –”ƒ•’ƒ”‡…› ‹ …Šƒ”‰‡ ‘ˆ ƒ˜‘‹†‹‰’‡”˜‡”•‡†›ƒ‹…•á†‘—„Ž‡†‹•…‘—”•‡áƒ‹’—Žƒ–‹‘á’”‘’ƒ‰ƒ†ƒƒ† …‘˜‡”–ƒ…–‹‘•–Šƒ–ˆ‡‡†–Š‡ƒŽ‹‡ƒ–‹‰ƒ††‹•…”‹‹ƒ–‘”››–Š•ä

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’ƒ••‹˜‡ƒ†ƒ’–ƒ–‹‘–‘–Š‡…Šƒ‰‡•–Šƒ–ƒ”‡–ƒ‹‰’Žƒ…‡á‘”ò–‡…Š‘Ž‘‰‹œƒ–‹‘ó ƒ•ƒ…‘—‹…ƒ–‹˜‡’”‘…‡••‘ˆ†‡’‡†‡…‡äŠ‡…Šƒ‰‡‹•„ƒ•‡†‘ƒ‡†‹ƒ ”‡ˆ‘”—Žƒ–‹‘áƒ…Šƒ‰‡‘ˆ‡’‹•–‡‡ƒ†ƒ’ƒ”ƒ†‹‰ƒ–‹…–”ƒ•‹–‹‘–Šƒ––ƒ‡• –Š‡‡†‹ƒˆ‹‡Ž†–‘ƒŠ›„”‹†•–”—…–—”‡„ƒ•‡†‘–Š‡…‘ˆŽ—‡…‡‘ˆƒŽŽ–Š‡•›•–‡• ƒ†’”‘…‡†—”‡•–Šƒ–„—‹Ž†ƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒ•‘…‹‡–›ä Š‡ ’ƒ”ƒ†‹‰ ‘ˆ ‘”‰ƒ‹… Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ‹• ƒ…Š‘”‡† –‘ ƒ …‘–‡š– ‹ ™Š‹…Š –Š‡ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡–•›•–‡•>’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽá•‘…‹ƒŽá‡…‘‘‹…Ꮗ†‹ƒáƒ‘‰‘–Š‡” >ƒ”‡„ƒ•‡† ‘ ƒ Ž‘‰‹… ‘ˆ ˆŽ‘™• ‘ˆ …‘攇•’‘•‹„‹Ž‹–› ƒ† –”—•–ä ‘ –Š‹• ‡†á –Š‡ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ‡†‹ƒ•Š‘—Ž†‡’Šƒ•‹œ‡‹–•…‘—‹–ƒ”‹ƒ…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•‡ƒ”…Š‘ˆ –Š‡ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ƒ†–”ƒ‹‹‰‘ˆ…‹–‹œ‡•âƒ˜‘‹†‹‰‡–‡”‹‰‹–Š‡‡†‹ƒ™ƒ”ƒ† ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ‹•–‹… ‹–‡”‡•–• ‹ ™Š‹…Š –Š‡› ƒ”‡ ‹‡”•‡† –‘†ƒ›ä Š‹• …—Ž– ‘ˆ ˜‹‘Ž‡…‡ ‹• Ž‡ƒ†‹‰ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ –‘ „‡ —•‡† ƒ• ™‡ƒ’‘• ‘ˆ ™ƒ” ‹ ™Š‹…Š …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ• ‰‡‡”ƒ–‡ ƒ –›’‡ ‘ˆ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ™Š‡”‡ ‡…”‘’Š‹Ž‹ƒty>’‡”•‘ƒŽá’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽƒ†‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ>‡‡”‰‡•ƒ•ƒ•‹‡“—ƒ ‘…‘†‹–‹‘ä––Š‹•Ž‡˜‡Žá–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹ƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒ‹•ˆ‘”…‡†–‘—–ƒ–‡ ‹–‘ ƒ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ”…‘–‹…• –”ƒˆˆ‹…‡” ‹ …Šƒ”‰‡ ‘ˆ –”ƒ•ˆ‡””‹‰ •Ž‘‰ƒ• „‡–™‡‡‹–‡”‡†‹ƒ”‹‡•ä

‘—”ƒŽ‹•‹ƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒ”‡“—‹”‡•–Š‡‹’Ž‡‡–ƒ–‹‘‘ˆƒ‡…Šƒ‹•‘ˆ …‘•–”—…–‹˜‡•‡Žˆæ…”‹–‹…‹•‹•‡ƒ”…Š‘ˆ–Š‡’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘‘ˆƒŠ‡ƒŽ–Š›ƒ† ’”‘•’‡”‘—• ƒ…–‹˜‹–› –Šƒ– ƒ˜‘‹†• –Š‡ ’”‡…ƒ”‹‘—•‡•• ‘ˆ ‹–• ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ• J Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• > ƒ† –Š‡ •–‡”‡‘–›’‡• ƒ† …Ž‹…Š±• ‘ˆ ‹–• ’”‘†—…–• > …‘–‡–•ä  ƒ††‹–‹‘á‹”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’™‹–Š‘–Š‡”•›•–‡•á•—’’‘”–‡†„›–Š‡’”‘š‹‹–›ƒ† †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–‘ˆƒ’—„Ž‹… ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽŽ‹ˆ‡‹™Š‹…Š…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘‹•–Š‡…‘‘ –Š”‡ƒ†‘ˆƒŽŽ–Š‡•‡”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’•ä Š‡”‡•’‘•‹„Ž‡…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘‹™Š‹…Š–Š‹•–›’‡‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•‹••—•–ƒ‹‡† —•–‘˜‡”…‘‡‘„•–ƒ…Ž‡••—…Šƒ•s –Š‡…”‹•‹•‘ˆƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒ…‹˜‹Ž•‘…‹‡–›á …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹œ‡†„›‰”‡ƒ–†‹ˆˆ‡”‡…‡•ƒ†Š‹‰Š”ƒ–‡•‘ˆ˜‹‘Ž‡…‡ât ‹†‘…–”‹ƒ–‹‘á ™Š‹…Š ƒ‹• –‘ ‹•–‹ŽŽ ‹ –Š‡ …‘—‹–› …‡”–ƒ‹ ‹†‡ƒ• ‘” „‡Ž‹‡ˆ•â u  –Š‡ ’‘Ž‹–‹…‹œƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ƒ…–‹‘•á …‘…‡’–•á ƒš‹‘• ƒ† –Š‘—‰Š–• ™‹–Š‘—– ƒ ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ƒ–—”‡á v  ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ †‹•ƒˆˆ‡…–‹‘á ‰‡‡”ƒ–‹‰ –Š‡ Š‹‰Š‡•– Ž‡˜‡Ž• ‘ˆ ‹•–”—•– –‘™ƒ”†• Ž‡ƒ†‡”• ƒ† ”—Ž‡”•á ƒ† w  –Š‡ Ž‘™ “—ƒŽ‹–› ‘ˆ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ’”‘…‡••‡•á ˆ—‡Ž‡† „› …‘ˆŽ‹…–• ‘ˆ ‹–‡”‡•– ƒ† –Š‡ Žƒ… ‘ˆ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹•‘ˆ‹–•ƒ…–‘”•ä˜‡”…‘‹‰–Š‡•‡‘„•–ƒ…Ž‡•áŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹••Š‘—Ž† „‡†‹”‡…–‡†–‘ƒ‡’‘™‡”‡–‘ˆ…‹˜‹Ž•‘…‹‡–›ƒ†–‘ƒ †‡‘…”ƒ–‹œƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘„ƒ•‡†‘–Š‡ˆ—†ƒ‡–ƒŽ”‹‰Š–‘ˆ…‹–‹œ‡•–‘’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‡ƒ†



„‡‹ˆ‘”‡†‹ƒ–”—–Šˆ—Žáˆƒ‹–Šˆ—Žƒ†’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽƒ‡”ä –Š‹•Ž‹‡á—ˆ–‡ trsvãsy{ ƒ”‰—‡•–Šƒ–ò–Š‡‘†‡Ž•‘ˆ‡†‹ƒ†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–ƒ”‡Ž‡ƒ†‹‰–‘–Š‡ ’”‘Ž‹ˆ‡”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‡™ •’ƒ…‡• ˆ‘” †‡Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘á ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ƒ‰‡…›óä ‘ ƒ‹–ƒ‹–Š‹•–”‡†ƒ–”ƒ•ˆ‡”‹•”‡“—‹”‡†ˆ”‘–Š‡‘†‡Ž‘ˆò–ƒ—–‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽƒ† ’‘Žƒ”‹œ‡† Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ó „ƒ•‡† ‘ ”‡’‡–‹–‹‘ ƒ† •›‘›› ƒ† –Š‡ •‡”˜‹…‡ ‘ˆ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ ‹–‡”‡•–•á –‘ –Š‡ ‘†‡Ž ‘ˆ ò”‡’‘•‡†  ƒ””ƒ–‹˜‡  ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‘”› Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•óä Š‡ ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‡• ‘ˆ –Š‹• ƒ”…Š‡–›’‡ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ƒ”‡ ‘– …‘’ƒ”ƒ„Ž‡ –‘ ƒ ‹–‡”‡•–‡† ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽá ‡…‘‘‹…á •‘…‹ƒŽ ‘” …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ‘„Œ‡…–ä Š‹• ‘†‡Ž ’”‡–‡†•–Š‡ƒ„ƒ†‘‡–‘ˆò‡†‹‘…‡–”‹•ó‹ˆƒ˜‘”‘ˆƒ’‡”•‘ƒŽ‹œ‡†ƒ† †‡…‡–”ƒŽ‹œ‡†Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•„ƒ•‡†‘†‹˜‡”•‹–›áƒ•›‡–”›ƒ†’Ž—”ƒŽ‹–›Ž‡ƒ†•—• –‘ ’”‘’‘•‡ ƒ ò†‹Ž‹‰‡– Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ó ’‡”‹‘†‹•‘ †‹Ž×‰‹…‘ á …ƒ’ƒ„Ž‡ ‘ˆ Šƒ˜‹‰ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡–‡ƒ‹‰•™‹–Š‹–Š‡•ƒ‡…‘–‡š–ä

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 …—ƒ†‘” ‹• ’ƒ”– ‘ˆ –Š‡ †‡ƒ ”‡‰‹‘á „‡‹‰ ˆ‹––‡† ™‹–Š‹ –Š‡ ‹–‡”‡†‹ƒ–‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡• –Šƒ– †‹ˆˆ‡” ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ‡•–‡” •–ƒ†ƒ”†ä Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡á ‹– ƒ‹–ƒ‹• …‘‘ …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹…• ™‹–Š –Š‡ ”‡•– ‘ˆ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒä  –Š‹• …Šƒ’–‡”á ƒŽŽ ’”‘…‡••‡• –Šƒ– †‡ˆ‹‡ –Š‡ …—””‡– Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ ‹ –Š‹• …‘—–”› ™‹ŽŽ „‡ †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡†á „‡‰‹‹‰ ™‹–Š –Š‡ ”‹•‡ –‘ ’‘™‡” ‘ˆ –Š‡ …—””‡– ”‡•‹†‡–჈ƒ‡Ž‘””‡ƒtrry ᙊ‡ƒˆ—†ƒ‡–ƒŽ…Šƒ‰‡™ƒ•’”‘’‘•‡†‹ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘‹••—‡•ä



 -RXUQDOLVWLF&XOWXUHRI(FXDGRU Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ ‹ …—ƒ†‘” „‡‰ƒ –‘ „‡ †‡ˆ‹‡† ˆ”‘ –Š‡ …‘•‘Ž‹æ †ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’”‡•• ‹ –Š‡ Žƒ–‡ s{–Š …‡–—”› ƒ† –Š‡ ‡‡”‰‡…‡ ‘ˆ •‘‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ˆ‹”•– †ƒ‹Ž› ‡™•’ƒ’‡”• –Šƒ–á ‡˜‡ –‘†ƒ›á …‘–‹—‡ –‘ „‡ ’—„Ž‹•Š‡† Ž ‡Ž±‰”ƒˆ‘™ƒ•ˆ‘—†‡†‹szxr᎑‡”…‹‘‹s{rxƒ†Ž‹˜‡”•‘‹s{tt  ƒŽ›•‹•‘ˆ‡†‹ƒ‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–‹…—ƒ†‘”átrss urä ‹‡ ‘–Š‡” ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ …‘—–”‹‡•á –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ ‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘” ‹ –Š‡ Žƒ–‡ tr–Š …‡–—”› ™ƒ• †‡ˆ‹‡† „› –Š‡ ’”‹˜‹Ž‡‰‡† ’‘•‹–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‡…‘‘‹… ’‘™‡”• ò„› –ƒ‹‰ ƒ†˜ƒ–ƒ‰‡ ‘ˆ ’”‹˜ƒ–‹•ƒ–‹‘ ’”‘…‡••‡•á ƒ ˜‡”› ’‡”‹••‹˜‡ Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ƒ †‹˜‡”•‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘ ’”‘‘–‡† „› ‡™ –‡…Š‘Ž‘‰‹‡•á ‹…Ž—†‹‰ ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ‹•–ƒ„‹Ž‹–›ó Š‡…ƒæ ‘†‘›á trst„ã stx ä Ž–Š‘—‰Š …—ƒ†‘” Šƒ• Šƒ† •‹…‡s{yw–Š‡ƒ™‘ƒ†‹‘ƒ†‡Ž‡˜‹•‹‘á™Š‹…Š‹…Ž—†‡• ‡ƒ•—”‡•ƒ‰ƒ‹•– ‡†‹ƒ‘‘’‘Ž›á”‡ˆ‘”‡†ˆ‘”–Š‡ˆ‹”•––‹‡‹s{{tვ‡…‘†–‹‡‹s{{w ƒ†–Š‡Žƒ•––‹‡‹‘˜‡„‡”yátrrtა†–Š‡”‰ƒ‹…ƒ™ ‘ˆ”ƒ•’ƒ”‡…› ƒ†……‡••–‘—„Ž‹… ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘  ƒ†‘’–‡†trrvá –Š‡‘•– •‡”‹‘—• ‘„•–ƒ…Ž‡ –‘ –Š‡ ’”ƒ…–‹…‡ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ‹ –Š‡•‡ ›‡ƒ”•á ƒ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ ƒŽ–‘ ƒ†ƒ›–‘trsr ᙃ•–Šƒ–ƒŽŽ‡†‹ƒ™‡”‡‹–Š‡Šƒ†•‘ˆ’‡‘’Ž‡…‘‡…–‡† ™‹–Š –Š‡ „—•‹‡•• ‡Ž‹–‡á ’‘Ž‹–‹…• ‘” ’ƒ”–‹…—Žƒ” ‰”‘—’•ä Š‡’”‡•‡…‡ ‘ˆ „ƒ• ‹–Š‡‡†‹ƒ™ƒ•‡˜‹†‡–ᇕ’‡…‹ƒŽŽ›ƒˆ–‡”s{{z™‹–Š–Š‡ò†‡‡’‡‹‰ˆ‹ƒ…‹ƒŽ …”‹•‹• ‹ –Š‡ …‘—–”›ó Š‡…ƒæ ‘†‘›á trssã u{ á ™Š‹…ŠŽ‡† –‘ –Š‡ ˆƒ…– –Šƒ– –Š‡ Ž‹•„‡–™‡‡ –Š‡ ˆ‹ƒ…‹ƒŽ ’‘™‡” ‘ˆ –Š‡ …‘—–”›ƒ†–Š‡‡†‹ƒ™‡”‡ ƒ……‡–—ƒ–‡†Š‡…ƒæ ‘†‘›átrstƒâ Ž‘”átrsu ä Š‹••–”—…–—”‡á„ƒ•‡†‘–Š‡‡š–”‡‡…ƒ’‹–ƒŽ‹•á‰ƒ˜‡–Š‡‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ƒ† …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ƒ ‡••‡–‹ƒŽ ”‘Ž‡ ‹ –Š‡ ‡…‘‘‹… †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– ‘ŽƒÓ‘á trrw 䊋•ò…‘‡”…‹ƒŽ…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”ƒ…“—‹”‡†„›–Š‡—•‡‘ˆ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ”‡æ •‘—”…‡•‡ƒ––Š‡‹‡˜‹–ƒ„Ž‡•—„Œ‡…–‹‘–‘–Š‡Žƒ™•‰‘˜‡”‹‰–Š‡ ‘˜‡”ƒŽŽ ’”‘†—…–‹‘ƒ†”‡ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ‰‘‘†•ó‘””‡•ƒ†ƒŽŽ‘ás{{sãxv⃅ƒ”‘ˆˆá trsr ä …—ƒ†‘”á–Š‹••‹–—ƒ–‹‘‡ƒ––Šƒ––Š‡’—„Ž‹…’‘Ž‹…‹‡•‘ˆ†‡”‡‰—æ Žƒ–‹‘ƒ†Ž‹„‡”ƒ–‹‘«‹•‡‡‹‰–‘’”‘‘–‡–Š‡…‘’‡–‹–‹˜‡‡••‘ˆ –Š‡‡†‹ƒ ‹†—•–”›«Ž‡ƒ†–‘ƒ‘‘’‘Ž‹•–‹……‘…‡–”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ‡†‹ƒá’”‘†—…‹‰áƒ•„ƒ† trr{ •–ƒ–‡•á…‹–‹œ‡”‡•–”‹…–‹‘•‘–Š‡—•‡‘ˆ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ˆ‘”–Š‡„‡‡ˆ‹–‘ˆ ’”‹˜ƒ–‡‹–‡”‡•–•ä –Š‡…‘—–”›á–Š‡ˆ‹”•–†‡…ƒ†‡‘ˆ–Š‡‡™‹ŽŽ‡‹—ƒ”‡†ƒ•—„•–ƒ–‹˜‡ …Šƒ‰‡ –‘ ƒŽŽ Ž‡˜‡Ž• « •‘…‹ƒŽá ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽá ‡…‘‘‹… ƒ† ‡†‹ƒä • —”‹ŽŽ‘æ—‹œ trssãsyy ƒˆˆ‹”•áòˆ”‘trrwá’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ’ƒ”–‹‡•áŽ‡ˆ–ƒ†”‹‰Š–™‹‰á•—ˆˆ‡”‡†



ƒ …‘ŽŽƒ’•‡ ˆ”‘ ™Š‹…Š –Š‡› Šƒ˜‡ ‘– ”‡…‘˜‡”‡† ›‡–ä Š‡ ‡‡”‰‡…‡ ‘ˆ ƒ ”‡„‘—†‹‰ •’‡‡…Š ‘ˆ –Š‡ …‘—–”› ™ƒ• ‰ƒ‹‹‰ ‘‡–— ƒ† –Š‘•‡ ™Š‘ …Šƒ’‹‘‡† ‹– ™‡”‡ ’”‡…‹•‡Ž› –Š‘•‡ …‹–‹œ‡ ‘˜‡‡–• –Šƒ– „‡– ‘ ƒ‘–Š‡” ™ƒ› ‘ˆ ’”ƒ…–‹•‹‰ ’‘Ž‹–‹…•óá•‹–—ƒ–‹‘ –Šƒ– Ž‡†–‘ ƒ ”ƒ†‹…ƒŽ …Šƒ‰‡ˆ”‘ trryá ™Š‡ ƒˆƒ‡Ž ‘””‡ƒ „‡…ƒ‡ ”‡•‹†‡– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡’—„Ž‹… ƒ† „‡‰ƒ ™‹–Š ‹–• •‘æ…ƒŽŽ‡†ò‹–‹œ‡•ï‡˜‘Ž—–‹‘ó‡˜‘Ž—…‹× …‹—†ƒ†ƒƒ ä ”‘ –Š‡ „‡‰‹‹‰á ƒˆƒ‡Ž ‘””‡ƒï• ‘˜‡”‡– †‡…‹†‡†–‘”‡•–”—…–—”‡–Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ•›•–‡™‹–Š‹–Š‡…‘—–”›á‹™Š‹…Šƒ•ƒŽŽ‰”‘—’‘ˆ„—•‹‡•• ‘™‡”• ‡š‡”…‹•‡† ƒ •›„‘Ž‹… ƒ† ‡†‹ƒ ’‘™‡” ƒ† Ž‡‰‹–‹‹•‡† –Š‡†‡‡’‡•–˜ƒŽ—‡• ‘ˆ ‡‘Ž‹„‡”ƒŽ‹•á ’‘•‹–‹‘‹‰ ‹–•‡Žˆ ƒ• –Š‡ ‘Ž› †‡ˆ‡†‡”‘ˆ ˆ”‡‡†‘ ‘ˆ ‡š’”‡••‹‘‡›‡•átrsv ä‘…ƒ””›‘—––Š‹•’”‘…‡••á‹–Š‡‘•–‹–—–‹‘’ƒ••‡† ‹trrz‹‘–‡…”‹•–‹á–Š‡”‡ ™ƒ•ƒ”‡ˆ‡”‡…‡ –‘–Š‡‡‡†ˆ‘”…”‡ƒ–‹‰ƒ ‡™ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘•Žƒ™–Šƒ–…ƒ‡ƒ„‘—–«ƒˆ–‡” ƒ’”‘…‡•• ‘ˆ ƒ••‡„Ž› ‘ˆ ˆ‘—” ›‡ƒ”• « ‘ —‡ twá trsu ™‹–Š –Š‡ ƒ’’”‘˜ƒŽ ‘ˆ–Š‡ ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘• ƒ™ ‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘”ä Š‹• ™ƒ• –Š‡ ‘•– ‹’‘”–ƒ– ‘˜‡”‡– ’”‘’‘•ƒŽ •‡‡‹‰ ƒ †‡‘…”ƒ–‹•ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘á ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰ –Š‡’”‘’‘•ƒŽ ‹ ‘–Š‡” ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ …‘—–”‹‡• •—…Š ƒ• ”‰‡–‹ƒá ‡‡œ—‡Žƒá‘Ž‹˜‹ƒƒ† ”—‰—ƒ›usä Š‡ ˆ‹” …‘‹–‡– ‹ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ …ƒ””‹‡† ‘—– „› –Š‡ ‰‘˜‡”‡– ‘ˆ ƒˆƒ‡Ž ‘””‡ƒ Šƒ• „‡‡ •—’’‘”–‡† „› ‹–‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘• •—…Š ƒ• ‡’‘”–‡”• ‹–Š‘—– ‘”†‡”• trsr ut –Šƒ– Šƒ˜‡ „‡– ‘ ƒ Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹‘ ‹ …—ƒæ †‘” –Šƒ– ‡•—”‡• ƒ „‡––‡” „ƒŽƒ…‡ „‡–™‡‡–Š‡ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡––›’‡• ‘ˆ ‡†‹ƒƒ† –Šƒ–…‘ˆ‡”•ƒ‰”‡ƒ–‡”˜‹•‹„‹Ž‹–›–‘•‘‡•‡…–‘”•‘ˆ•‘…‹‡–›ä Ž–Š‘—‰Š–Š‡›ƒŽ•‘ …Žƒ”‹ˆ› –Šƒ– –Š‹• ”‡“—‹”‡‡– ‹’Ž‹‡• ‘– ‰‡––‹‰ …‘ˆ—•‡† ™‹–Š ƒ ‡†‹ƒ ”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘„ƒ•‡†‘…‘‡”…‹˜‡…‘–”‘Ž‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ…–‹˜‹–›‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ä Š‡ ‡ƒ•—”‡• –ƒ‡ „› –Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡– ‘ˆ ƒˆƒ‡Ž ‘””‡ƒ ƒ”‡ ˆ—†ƒ‡æ –ƒŽŽ›…Šƒ‰‹‰–Š‡‡†‹ƒŽƒ†•…ƒ’‡ƒ†–Š‡„ƒ•‹•‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘”ã Š‡ …—Ž–—”ƒŽ ”‡˜‘Ž—–‹‘ „ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡ †‡‘…”ƒ–‹•ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘uu ƒ† ƒ ’‘Ž‹…› ‘ˆ ”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‰ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ƒ”‡– ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ƒ†‘’–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‡™ Ž‡æ ‰‹•–ƒ–‹‘• ‘ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ä Š‡ ’”‹‡ ‡šƒ’Ž‡ ‹• –Š‡ ƒ†‘’–‹‘ ‘ —‡ twá trsu ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒ™ ‘ ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘• ƒ† ”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘• ‘ˆ –Š‹• Žƒ™ ä • ‡–‹‘‡† ’”‡˜‹‘•Ž›á –Š‹• Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹˜‡ ’‘Ž‹…› ‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘” ‹• ‹ Ž‹‡ ™‹–Š …‘—æ –”‹‡• ‹ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ ƒ• ”‰‡–‹ƒ « ƒ™ ‘ˆ —†‹‘˜‹•—ƒŽ ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ‡”˜‹…‡•á trr{â ‡‡œ—‡Žƒ « ‡Ž‡…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘• ”‰ƒ‹… ƒ™á trrrâ ”—æ ‰—ƒ› « ‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ”ƒ†‹‘ ƒ† ‘—‹–› ’‡ á trrt ƒ† ‘—‹–›



‡†‹ƒ ƒ™á trrzâ ƒ† ‘Ž‹˜‹ƒ « ‡‡”ƒŽ ƒ™ ‘ˆ ‡Ž‡…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘•átrssâ ƒ• ™‡ŽŽ ƒ• …‘—–”‹‡• •—…Š ƒ• ”ƒœ‹Ž ‘” ‡š‹…‘á ™Š‘ ƒ”‡ †‹•…—••‹‰ –Š‡‹” ”‡•’‡…–‹˜‡ Žƒ™• ‹ ”‡…‡– ›‡ƒ”•ä ‡•’‹–‡ ’ƒ•– †‹ˆˆ‹…—Ž–‹‡• ‹ ”‡ƒ…Š‹‰‹–• ƒ’’”‘˜ƒŽá –Š‡ ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ …‘‹–‡– –‘ ‡†‹ƒ ”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘ ™ƒ• ‡˜‹†‡– ‹ •–ƒ–‡‡–• Ž‹‡ ƒ‘• trsu ã ò–Š‡ –Š”‡‡ ›‡ƒ”• •‹…‡ –Š‡ „‡‰‹‹‰ ‘ˆ –Š‡ †‹•…—••‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡Žƒ™Šƒ˜‡•Š‘™–Šƒ–‡†‹ƒ’‘™‡”ዐ…—ƒ†‘”á ‹•‘–‘Ž› ƒ ‡–ƒ’Š‘”óä Š‡ …”‡ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† •–”‡‰–Š‡‹‰ ‘ˆ ’—„Ž‹… ‹•–‹–—–‹‘• ‹ –Š‡ ƒ”‡ƒ ‘ˆ …‘æ —‹…ƒ–‹‘ã Š‡ ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ‡Ž‡…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘• ‘—…‹Ž  á –Š‡ —æ ’‡”‹–‡†‡…› ‘ˆ ‡Ž‡…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘•  á –Š‡ ‹‹•–”› ‘ˆ ‡æ Ž‡…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘• ƒ† ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ‘…‹‡–›    ƒ† –Š‡ ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘•‡…”‡–ƒ”‹ƒ– ä Š‡‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡–‘ˆ‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘•”‡•’‘•‹„Ž‡ˆ‘”…‘–”‘Žá”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘ƒ† ’—‹•Š‡–㊇—’‡”‹–‡†‡…›‘ˆ ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ƒ†‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘æ  ƒ†–Š‡‘—…‹Žˆ‘”–Š‡‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘ƒ†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–‘ˆ ˆ‘”ƒæ –‹‘ƒ†‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘   ä Š‡”‡‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‡†‹ƒ•›•–‡™‹–Š–Š‡•–”‡‰–Š‡‹‰‘ˆ ’—„Ž‹… ƒ† ‰‘˜‡”‡–ƒŽ ‘ˆˆ‡”‹‰ „ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡ †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– ‘ˆ ’—„Ž‹… •‡”˜‹…‡‡†‹ƒuv –Š”‘—‰Š–Š‡…”‡ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡’—„Ž‹…”ƒ†‹‘ƒ†‹‘‹…ƒ†‡Ž …—ƒ†‘”trrz â–Š‡–‡Ž‡˜‹•‹‘…Šƒ‡Ž…—ƒ†‘”trrz â–Š‡‡™•’ƒ’‡” Ž‡Ž±‰”ƒˆ‘trrz uwâ–Š‡‡™•’ƒ’‡”Ž‹—†ƒ†ƒ‘trrz â–Š‡‡™•’ƒ’‡” ᎇ”†ƒ†‡”‘trsr ƒ†–Š‡—„Ž‹…‡™•‰‡…›‘ˆ…—ƒ†‘”ƒ†‘—–Š ‡”‹…ƒ «†‡• trr{ ä ‘”‡‘˜‡”á –Š‡ ’”‘’‘•ƒŽ ‘ˆ –Š‡ •–”‡‰–Š‡‹‰ ‘ˆ …‘—‹–› ‡†‹ƒuxä Š‡ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹˜‡ ƒ† ƒ†˜‡”–‹•‹‰ ’”‘’‘•ƒŽ ‘ˆ –Š‡ –ƒ–‡ä ‹”•–Ž›á –Š‡ ‹æ ’Ž‡‡–ƒ–‹‘ˆ”‘trry‘ˆ–Š‡•’ƒ…‡Žƒ…‡‹—†ƒ†ƒ‘ა‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘•’ƒ…‡ ‘ˆ u Š‘—”• ‹ Ž‡‰–Š ™Š‹…Š ‹• „”‘ƒ†…ƒ•– Ž‹˜‡ •‹—Ž–ƒ‡‘—•Ž› ‘ ”ƒ†‹‘ƒ† ’—„Ž‹… –‡Ž‡˜‹•‹‘ä Š‹• ‹• –Š‡ ‘•– —•‡† ”‡•‘—”…‡ „› ”‡•‹†‡– ƒˆƒ‡Ž‘””‡ƒ ™Š‡–”ƒ•‹––‹‰–Š‡ƒƒ‰‡‡–‘ˆŠ‹• ‘˜‡”‡–჈‘”ƒ––Šƒ–ƒ‹•ˆ‘” ƒ……‘—–ƒ„‹Ž‹–›ä †á •‡…‘†Ž›á –Š‡ ‹…”‡ƒ•‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ •’‡†‹‰ ‘‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ ƒ†˜‡”–‹•‹‰ä……‘”†‹‰–‘Š‡…ƒæ ‘†‘›trssãws ò‘ˆˆ‹…‹ƒŽƒ†˜‡”–‹•‹‰‹trrz ”‡’”‡•‡–‡†ƒ„‘—–sy ‹ŽŽ‹‘†‘ŽŽƒ”•äääዐtrr{”‡ƒ…Š‡†vr‹ŽŽ‹‘†‘ŽŽƒ”• ƒ† ‹ trsr ‡š…‡‡†‡† xróä Š—•á ò–Š‡ ‘””‡ƒ ‘˜‡”‡–Šƒ••—……‡‡†‡† ‹ ‹’Ž‡‡–‹‰ƒ•—……‡••ˆ—Ž‡†‹ƒ…ƒ’ƒ‹‰ƒ†’—„Ž‹…”‡Žƒ–‹‘•á„ƒ•‡†ƒ‹Ž› ‘ƒ…‘•–ƒ–ƒ’’‡ƒ”ƒ…‡‹–Š‡‡†‹ƒó—Àátrssãx uyä



Š‡”‡†‹•–”‹„—–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡”ƒ†‹‘ˆ”‡“—‡…›•’‡…–”—áƒ••–‹’—Žƒ–‡†‹”–äsrx‘ˆ –Š‡‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘•ƒ™á™‹–Šuu¨†‹”‡…–‡†–‘’—„Ž‹…‡†‹ƒáuu¨ –‘’”‹˜ƒ–‡ ‡†‹ƒƒ†uv¨–‘…‘—‹–›‡†‹ƒä Š‡ ‡’‘™‡”‡– ‘ˆ …‹–‹œ‡• –Š”‘—‰Š –Š‡ …”‡ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ’Žƒ–ˆ‘”• ƒ† ƒ‰‡æ …‹‡• –‘ ƒ••‡•• …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ’”‘…‡••‡• ƒ† ‡†‹ƒä Š—•á ò–Š”‘—‰Š‘—– –Š‡ ‡–‹”‡ ’”‘…‡•• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒ™á –Š‡ ”‹‰Š– ‘ˆ ’‡”•‘• –‘ ‘”‰ƒ‹•‡ ƒ– ’—„Ž‹… ‘˜‡”æ •‹‰Š– …‘‹––‡‡• ƒ† …‹–‹œ‡• ‡†‹ƒ ‘„•‡”˜ƒ–‘”‹‡• ‹• ˆ‘—†‡†ó ƒ‘• ƒ†

׏‡œátrsvãuru⊃˜‡”‘átrsv ä ’’”‘š‹ƒ–‡—„‡”•‹†‹…ƒ–‡–Šƒ–‹…—ƒ†‘”–Š‡”‡ƒ”‡ƒ”‘—†ƒ–Š‘—敃† ‡†‹ƒ ‘ˆ ”ƒ†‹‘á ’”‹– ƒ† –‡Ž‡˜‹•‹‘ ™‘” ‹…אá trsrƒ ä ……‘”†‹‰–‘–Š‡ ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ‡Ž‡…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘• ‘—…‹Ž  á ‹ trsr –Š‡”‡ ™‡”‡ zv{ ”ƒ†‹‘•–ƒ–‹‘•ázv–‡Ž‡˜‹•‹‘ •–ƒ–‹‘•ƒ†”‘—‰ŠŽ›‘‡Š—†”‡† ’”‹–‡†‹ƒä ‡•’‹–‡ ‘˜‡”‡– ‡ˆˆ‘”–•á –‘†ƒ› –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ †‹•–”‹„—–‹‘ ‹ …—ƒ†‘”á ƒ……‘”†‹‰–‘–Š‡‡‰‹•–‡”‘ˆ‡†‹ƒ‘ˆˆ‡”‡†„›  —‡trsv á ‹•{s¨ ˆ‘”’”‹˜ƒ–‡‡†‹ƒáw¨ˆ‘”’—„Ž‹…ƒ†v¨ˆ‘”…‘—‹–›‡†‹ƒä•„ƒ†trr{  •–ƒ–‡•á …—ƒ†‘” Šƒ• ƒ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ ˆ‘”‡† ‡••‡–‹ƒŽŽ› „› ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ ‡†‹ƒä ”‘‘ˆ ‘ˆ –Š‹• ‹• –Šƒ– ‹ –Š‡ Žƒ–‡•– ”‡’‘”– ‘ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ’”‡•‡–‡† „› –Š‡   ‹ ‡’–‡„‡” trsv uzá ‘ˆ –Š‡ wxs{ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡†Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ávrv{yt¨ ™‘”‹’”‹˜ƒ–‡‡†‹ƒä • „ƒ† trr{ ƒ† ƒ…ƒ”‘ˆˆ trsr ƒˆˆ‹”á –Š‹• Šƒ• Ž‡† –‘ ƒ ƒŽ‹‰‡– ‘ˆ ‘•– ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ ‡†‹ƒ ƒ‰ƒ‹•– –Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡–ï• ’”‘’‘•ƒŽ ‘ ƒŽ‘•– ƒŽŽ ˆ”‘–•ä ‡…‡á–‘—†‡”•–ƒ†™‡ŽŽ–Š‹•†‹ˆˆ‹…—Ž–”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’„‡–™‡‡–Š‡’”‹˜ƒ–‡‡†‹ƒ ƒ†–Š‡–ƒ–‡‹–‹•‡…‡••ƒ”›–‘…‘•‹†‡”–Š‡…—””‡–’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ…‹”…—•–ƒ…‡•‹ …—ƒ†‘”á „‡…ƒ—•‡á ƒ• „ƒ† trsuã s{  …‘•‹†‡”•á ò–Š‡ ˜‹‰‹Žƒ– ƒ† –Š‡ …ŠƒŽŽ‡‰‡” •’‡‡…Š –‘ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ƒ”‡ ‘– ‹ …Šƒ”‰‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ …‹–‹œ‡•Š‹’„—––Š‡ ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ’‘™‡”óä

&RQFOXVLRQV ‡•’‹–‡ –Š‡ •–”‘‰ …‘‹–‡– ‘ˆ –Š‡ –ƒ–‡ –‘ …Šƒ‰‡ –Š‡ …—ƒ†‘”‹ƒ ‡æ †‹ƒ Žƒ†•…ƒ’‡á ‡˜‡ –‘†ƒ› ‘˜‡” {r¨ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ‹• ‹ ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ Šƒ†• ƒ† ‡ƒ”Ž› –Š”‡‡ “—ƒ”–‡”• ‘ˆ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ƒ”‡ ™‘”‹‰ ‹ ‹–ä Š‹• •‹–—ƒ–‹‘ ‹• ƒ ”‡ƒŽ‹–› ‹ …—ƒ†‘” ‡˜‡ –Š‘—‰Š –Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡– †‡˜‡Ž‘’• ƒ ’‘Ž‹…› „ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡ †‡‘…”ƒ–‹•ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘á –Š‡ ”‡…‘ˆ‹‰—”‹‰ ‘ˆ –Š‡‡†‹ƒˆ‹‡Ž†á –Š‡†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–‘ˆ‡™‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘’”ƒ…–‹…‡•„ƒ†átrsu ƒ†ò†—”‹‰–Š‡ Žƒ•– ›‡ƒ”• –Š‡ ”‡•‹†‡– Šƒ• ”‡’‡ƒ–‡†Ž› “—‡•–‹‘‡† –Š‡ …‘†‹–‹‘•‘ˆ ‡†‹ƒ



’”‘†—…–‹‘ ƒ† Šƒ• •Š‘™ –Š‡‹” „—•‹‡••á ˆ‹ƒ…‹ƒŽ ƒ† ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ–‹‡•™‹–Š ‘–Š‡”–”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽ•‡…–‘”•‘ˆ’‘™‡”󃏑•átrsuã ys ä Š‡ ‡™ ‰‘˜‡”‡–ƒŽ ’‘Ž‹…‹‡• ƒ† –Š‡ ˆ‹” …‘‹–‡– –‘ –Š‡ ”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘ ƒ† …‘–”‘Ž ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ Šƒ˜‡ …”‡ƒ–‡† ƒ •‹–—ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ’‘Žƒ”‹•ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† –‡•‹‘á ‹ ™Š‹…Š ƒˆƒ‡Ž ‘””‡ƒ ƒ……—•‡• –Š‡ …—ƒ†‘”‹ƒ ƒ•• ‡†‹ƒ ‘ˆ „‡‹‰ …‘’ƒ‹‡• Ž‹‡† –‘ –Š‡ ‡…‘‘‹… ’‘™‡” ƒ† –‘ Žƒ… ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… ‡–Š‹…• ƒ† ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹•ä Š‹• ƒ––‹–—†‡ …ƒ—•‡• ƒ …‘ˆ”‘–ƒ–‹‘ „‡–™‡‡ –Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡–ƒ†ƒ••‡†‹ƒá‹™Š‹…Š„‘–Š–”›–‘•‡‹œ‡…‘–”‘Ž‘ˆ’—„Ž‹… •’ƒ…‡ ’”‘†—…–‹‘ ‡›‡•á trsv  ƒ† ‘ˆ •‘…‹ƒŽ ‘’‹‹‘á ƒ† –Š‹• Šƒ• …”‡ƒ–‡†ƒˆ”ƒ‡™‘”‘ˆ—…‡”–ƒ‹–›„ƒ†átrsu ä ‘” ‹–• ’ƒ”–á –Š‡ ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ ‡†‹ƒ ƒ……—•‡ –Š‡ ”‡•‹†‡– ‘ˆ ƒ ƒƒ‰‡‡– –Šƒ– ’Žƒ…‡•Š‹ƒ•’ƒ”–‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒŽ‡ˆ–’‘’—Ž‹•–‡˜‹–•›ƒ†‘„‡”–•á trss ‹ ƒ•ƒ„‡æ‡””ƒ‘ ƒ† ƒ”–À‡œá trsv  –Š”‘—‰Š ’”ƒ…–‹…‡• •—…Š ƒ• ò–‡…‘’‘’—Ž‹•ó « ™Š‹…Š ‹˜‘Ž˜‡• ‹…‘”’‘”ƒ–‹‰ Š‹‰Š ’—„Ž‹… ‘ˆˆ‹…‹ƒŽ• ‡š’‡”–• « ƒ† ”ƒ†‹…ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ …‘ˆ”‘–ƒ–‹‘á ’‡”•‘ƒŽ‹• ƒ† –Š‡ ‹†‡ƒ ‘ˆ –Š‡†‡ƒ†‹‰á‡Ž‹‰Š–‡‡†ƒ†”‡†‡‡‡”Ž‡ƒ†‡”‡Žƒ‘””‡átrsu ä‘–Š‡ ‡š–‡– –Šƒ– ‘’’‘‡–• •—…Š ƒ• ƒ—‡Ž ‹Š‡‹”‘ —‹ƒ”ƒ‡•á ˆ‘”‡” •‡‹‘” …‹˜‹Ž •‡”˜ƒ– ‘ˆ ‡”…‘•—” ‹ ”‡ˆ‡”‡…‡ –‘ …—ƒ†‘” « ƒ† ‘Ž‹˜‹ƒá ƒ”ƒ‰—ƒ› ƒ† ‡‡œ—‡Žƒ « •ƒ› –Šƒ– ƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š –Š‡•‡ ‘˜‡”‡–• ™‡”‡ †‡‘…”ƒ–‹…ƒŽŽ› ‡Ž‡…–‡†á–Š‡›†‘ï–‰‘˜‡”†‡‘…”ƒ–‹…ƒŽŽ›ƒ‘•átrst ä 1RWHV ur ƒ•‡†‘ –Š‡ƒ’’Ž‹…ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒ‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– †‹…ƒ–‘”• ˆ”‘ ä us trsvƒ†trswá…‘—–”‹‡••—…Šƒ•‡š‹…‘ƒ†”ƒœ‹Žƒ†‘’–‡†‡™Žƒ™•‘‡†‹ƒáƒ† ”ƒœ‹Žáƒ”ƒ‰—ƒ›ƒ†‡”—ƒ”‡‹ˆ—ŽŽ †‡„ƒ–‡ä ut ……‘”†‹‰–‘‡”˜‹‡—ƒ†ƒ•‘trsr ‹Ž ‘Ž…ž ‡†‹ž–‹…‘ ›•—†‡Ž‹…ƒ†ƒ ‡‰—Žƒ…‹×ä ˆ‘”‡•‘„”‡…—ƒ†‘”ä uu ……‘”†‹‰–‘–Š‡”ƒ’’‘”–…—ƒ†‘”trsuætrsyヅ‹ƒ—‡˜‘•”‡–‘•’‘ŽÀ–‹…‘•›‡…‘×‹…‘• ’—„Ž‹•Š‡†„›Ž‘”‡–‡
¬ —‡…ƒ trsu á ƒƒŽ›•–• ˆ”‘ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– •‡…–‘”• •ƒ› –Šƒ– –Š‡ …Šƒ‰‡• ’”‘’‘•‡† „› –Š‡ –ƒ–‡ —•– „‡”‡ˆŽ‡…–‡†ˆ”‘†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–‹Ž‡•–‘‡•á‹…Ž—†‹‰–Š‡ †‡‘…”ƒ–‹•ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ä uv Š‡ ƒ…–‹‘ ‘ˆ ’—„Ž‹… „”‘ƒ†…ƒ•–‹‰ ‹• „ƒ•‡† ‘ ˆ‘—” ˆ—†ƒ‡–ƒŽ ’”‹…‹’Ž‡•ã —‹˜‡”•ƒŽ‹–›á †‹˜‡”•‹–›á ‹†‡’‡æ†‡…‡ƒ†•’‡…‹ˆ‹…‹–›ƒŽ›•‹•‘ˆ‡†‹ƒ‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–‹…—ƒ†‘”á trss ä uw Š‹•›‡ƒ”‹–„‡…ƒ‡ƒ’—„Ž‹… …‘’ƒ›ä ux ……‘”†‹‰–‘†ƒ–ƒ’”‘˜‹†‡†„›–Š‡‡Ž‡…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘•—–Š‘”‹–›á‹trsr–Š‡”‡™‡”‡‘Ž› –™‘…‘—‹–›”ƒ†‹‘ƒ†‘–‡Ž‡˜‹•‹‘…Šƒ‡Ž‹…—ƒ†‘”Š‡…ƒæ ‘†‘›á trss ä uy ƒ–ƒ‡•–‹ƒ–‡†„›–Š‡•‡ƒ—–Š‘”•á–Š‡›ƒ”‡‘– ‘ˆˆ‹…‹ƒŽä uz ‡…‘˜‡”‡†s{ rt sw㊖–’ã ™™™ä…‘”†‹…‘ä‰‘„䇅 ”‡•—Ž–ƒ†‘•æ†‡æŽƒæ‡…—‡•–ƒæƒ…‹‘ƒŽæ†‡æ ’”‘ˆ‡•‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒæ…‹‘æƒæŽ‘•æ–”ƒ„ƒŒƒ†‘”‡•æ†‡æŽƒæ…‘—‹…ƒ…‹‘ ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ—”˜‡›‘ˆ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘–‘…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘™‘”‡”•átrsv ä



&KDSWHU9

—„Ž‹…‘Ž‹…‹‡•‹‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ƒ† ‡†‹ƒ›•–‡‹…—ƒ†‘” $EVWUDFW Š‹•…Šƒ’–‡”ƒƒŽ›•‡•–Š‡…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹…•‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒ•›•–‡‹ …—ƒ†‘”á ‰‹˜‡‹–•’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽá‡…‘‘‹…á•‘…‹ƒŽƒ†…—Ž–—”ƒŽ’‡…—Ž‹ƒ”‹–‹‡•ä –Š‹•”‡‰ƒ”†á –Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡–‘ˆƒˆƒ‡Ž‘””‡ƒtrry ƒ‹–ƒ‹••–ƒ†ƒ”†•™‹–Š ‘–Š‡” ƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒ …‘—–”‹‡•‹–Š‡‡Žƒ„‘”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ’—„Ž‹…’‘Ž‹…‹‡• ‹ƒ––‡”• ‘ˆ…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘„ƒ•‡†‘–Š‡‡Ž‹‹ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡…‘…‡–”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ ‡†‹ƒ‘™‡”•Š‹’ƒ‘‰–Š‡ƒ‹‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‡•äŠ‡”‡…‘ˆ‹‰—”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”ƒ†‹‘ •’‡…–”— ƒ† –Š‡ …”‡ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –™‘ ”‡‰—Žƒ–‘”› ƒ‰‡…‹‡• ‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘ ƒ†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–‘—…‹Ž‘ˆ ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ƒ†‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘á  ƒ†–Š‡—’‡”‹–‡†‡…›‘ˆ ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ƒ†‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘á ƒ”‡–Š‡ ‘•– ‹’‘”–ƒ– …Šƒ‰‡•…—ƒ†‘” Šƒ•—†‡”‰‘‡•‹…‡ –Š‡ ƒ†‘’æ –‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘•ƒ™‹ —‡trsuá„—––Š‡›ƒ”‡‘––Š‡‘Ž› ‘‡•ã –Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ‘” –Š‡ ‹…”‡ƒ•‹‰ ‘ˆ …‹–‹œ‡ ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‹‘ƒ”‡•‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡‘—–•–ƒ†‹‰…ŠƒŽŽ‡‰‡•‹–Š‡ …‘—–”›ä



–”‘†—…–‹‘ ”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽŽ›á‹…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘•–—†‹‡•á™Š‡ƒƒŽ›•‹‰–Š‡‡†‹ƒ•›•–‡ ‘ˆ ƒ …‘—–”›á –Š‡ ’”‘’‘•ƒŽ ƒ†‡ „› ƒŽŽ‹ ƒ† ƒ…‹‹ trrv  Šƒ• „‡‡ —…Š‡„”ƒ…‡†á•‹…‡‹–‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡•–Š”‡‡‹†‡ƒŽ–›’‡•‘ˆ‡†‹ƒ•›•–‡•„ƒæ •‡†‘–Š‡‹–‡”ƒ…–‹‘–Šƒ–‹•‰‡‡”ƒ–‡†„‡–™‡‡–Š‡ƒ”‡–á–Š‡–ƒ–‡ƒ† –Š‡‡†‹ƒä•’”‘’‘•‡†„›–Š‡•‡ƒ—–Š‘”•á–Š‡…‘ˆ‹‰—”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆƒ ’ƒ”–‹…—Žƒ” ‡†‹ƒ•›•–‡‹•–Š‡”‡•—Ž–‘ˆ…‡”–ƒ‹ˆ‡ƒ–—”‡•ã ƒ ”‡•• ‹†—•–”›ä › •–—†›‹‰ –Š‹•ƒ•’‡…–á‹–‹• –ƒ‡ ‹–‘ ƒ……‘—– ™Š‡ ƒ† Š‘™ –Š‡ „‹”–Š ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ƒ”‡–á ‹–• …‘•‘Ž‹†ƒ–‹‘á –Š‡ •…‘’‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡”—•ƒ†–Š‡…‘•—‡”’”‘ˆ‹Ž‡‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒ‘……—”䊇ˆ‹ƒ…‹‰‘ˆ–Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ‘” –Š‡ †‡‰”‡‡ ‘ˆ ˆ”‡‡†‘ ‘ˆ ‡š’”‡••‹‘ ƒ”‡ ƒ‘‰ –Š‡˜ƒ”‹ƒ„Ž‡• •–—†‹‡†‹–Š‹• •‡…–‹‘ä „ ‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ’ƒ”ƒŽŽ‡Ž‹•ä––Š‹•’‘‹–‹–‹•™‘”–Š•–—†›‹‰–Š‡ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’ „‡–™‡‡ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ƒ† –Š‡ ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ •›•–‡ä † ‹– •Š‘—Ž† „‡ ƒƒŽ›•‡† ™Š‡–Š‡”™‡ƒ”‡†‡ƒŽ‹‰™‹–Š‡†‹ƒ™‹–Šˆ‡ƒ–—”‡•‘ˆ’ƒ”–›’”‡••á‘” ‘‡ ˆ—ŽŽ› ‹†‡’‡†‡– ‘ˆ ƒ› ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ƒˆˆ‹Ž‹ƒ–‹‘ ‘” ƒ ‹–‡”‡†‹ƒ–‡‘†‡Ž „‡–™‡‡ „‘–Šä …

”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹• ƒ† ‹†‡’‡†‡…‡ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ä – ‹• ‘– ‘Ž› –‘

ƒƒŽ›•‡ –Š‡ Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘ˆ –”ƒ‹‹‰ ‘ˆ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ•á „—– ‡˜‡”›–Š‹‰ –Šƒ– •—””‘—†• –Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ã ƒ—–‘‘› –‘ ‡š‡”…‹•‡ ‹–á ‹æ –”—•‹‘á ƒ„‹Ž‹–› –‘ ƒ…– ƒ• ƒ Ž‘„„›á ”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘á ‡„‡”•Š‹’ ‘” ƒ••‘…‹ƒ–‹‘á ‡š‹•–‡…‡ƒ†”‡•’‡…–ˆ‘”‡–Š‹…ƒŽ…‘†‡•á‡–…äòŠ‡•Š‘”–ƒ‰‡‘ˆƒ••‘…‹ƒ–‹‘• ‹•á ˆ‘” •‘‡ ƒ—–Š‘”•á †—‡ –‘ –Š‡ Žƒ… ‘ˆ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹•ó ”–‡‰ƒƒ† —ƒ‡•átrrrƒãsxw ä † ‘Ž‡‘ˆ–Š‡–ƒ–‡ä ‹–•”‘Ž‡ƒ•‰—ƒ”ƒ–‘”‘ˆ–Š‡ˆ—Žˆ‹Ž‡–‘ˆ …‡”–ƒ‹ ˆ—†ƒ‡–ƒŽ”‹‰Š–••—…Šƒ•–Š‡ƒ……‡••–‘‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘á –ƒ–‡•Šƒ˜‡–Š‡ ’‘••‹„‹Ž‹–› –‘‹–‡”˜‡‡‹ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ™ƒ›•ã †‹”‡…–ƒ•–Š‡‘™‡” ‘ˆ–Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ƒ† ”‡Žƒ–‡†  ƒ† ‹†‹”‡…– ‰‹˜‹‰ –Š‡ ˆ”‡“—‡…‹‡• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”ƒ†‹‘ •’‡…–”—‘”ƒ•ƒŽ‡‰‹•Žƒ–‘”‹–Š‹•ƒ––‡” ä Š‡ …‘„‹ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡•‡ ˆƒ…–‘”• ‰‹˜‡• ”‹•‡á ƒ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ –Š‡•‡ ƒ—–Š‘”•á –‘ –Š”‡‡ –›’‡• ‘ˆ ‡†‹ƒ •›•–‡•ä Š‡ ˆ‹”•– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹• –Š‡ ‘”–Š –Žƒ–‹… ‘” ‹„‡”ƒŽá –›’‹…ƒŽ ‘ˆ …‘—–”‹‡• Ž‹‡ –Š‡ ‹–‡† –ƒ–‡•á ƒƒ†ƒá ”‡ƒ– ”‹–ƒ‹ ‘” ”‡Žƒ† ƒ† …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•‡† „› ‡†‹— ˜‘Ž—‡ ‘ˆ …‹”…—Žƒ–‹‘á ƒ ‡‹‡–Ž› …‘‡”…‹ƒŽ ƒ† ‹†‡’‡†‡– ’”‡•• ƒ† ‰‘‘† Ž‡˜‡Ž• ‘ˆ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘ä



Š‡•‡…‘†‘†‡Ž‹•–Š‡‘”’‘”ƒ–‡‡‘…”ƒ–‹…á’”‡•‡–‹–Š‡‘”–Š‘ˆ—”‘’‡ ƒ† ™‹–Š •‹‰‹ˆ‹…ƒ– ˜‘Ž—‡• ‘ˆ …‹”…—Žƒ–‹‘á ƒ …‘‡”…‹ƒŽ ‡—–”ƒŽ’”‡•• ƒ† Š‹‰ŠŽ› Ž‡˜‡Ž• ‘ˆ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘ä ‹ƒŽŽ›á –Š‡ ’‘Žƒ”‹•‡† ’Ž—”ƒŽ‹••›•–‡á –›’‹…ƒŽ‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹–‡””ƒ‡ƒ…‘—–”‹‡•ƒ†…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•‡†„›‡†‹— ˜‘Ž—‡ ‘ˆ …‹”…—Žƒ–‹‘á ”‡Žƒ–‹˜‡Ž› Ž‘™ Ž‡˜‡Ž• ‘ˆ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹• ™‹–ŠŠ ‹‰Š ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ’ƒ”ƒŽŽ‡Ž‹• ƒ† –ƒ–‡ ‹–‡”˜‡–‹‘ ‹ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ •‡…–‘”ä ‘™‡˜‡”á–Š‡•‡‘†‡Ž•Šƒ˜‡‘–‘Ž›–Š‡Ž‹‹–ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ„‡‹‰‹†‡ƒŽ–›’‡•™‹–Š ‡‡†‡† —ƒ…‡•á „—– –Š‡‹” ‘™ ƒ—–Š‘”• ƒ…‘™Ž‡†‰‡ –Šƒ– –Š‡ ‘†‡Ž•…‘—Ž† „‡…Šƒ‰‹‰á‡•’‡…‹ƒŽŽ›„‡…ƒ—•‡‘ˆ–Š‡…Šƒ‰‡‘ˆ†‹”‡…–‹‘‡†‹ƒ‘†‡Ž••—…Š ƒ• –Š‡  ‘‡ „‡‰ƒ –‘ ‰‹˜‡ –‘ •›•–‡• ™‹–Š ‘—–Š‡” —”‘’‡ ˆ‡ƒ–—”‡•ä ‡•‹†‡• –Š‹•á –Š‡ ƒŽŽ‹ ƒ† ƒ…‹‹ trrv  ’”‘’‘•ƒŽ •—ˆˆ‡”• ˆ”‘ „‡‹‰ „ƒ•‡† ‘ —”‘’‡ƒ ƒ† ‘”–Š ‡”‹…ƒ …‘—–”‹‡• –Šƒ–á ‡˜‡ ‹ˆ –Š‡›•Šƒ”‡ …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹…•™‹–Šƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒá‡Œ‘›ƒ”‡Žƒ–‹˜‡Ž›…‘•‘Ž‹†ƒ–‡††‡‘…”ƒ…› ƒ†•–ƒ›ƒ™ƒ›ˆ”‘–Š‡ƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒ‹†‹‘•›…”ƒ•›ä –Š‹•”‡‰ƒ”†áƒ—–Š‘”• Ž‹‡ŽŽ‡”ƒ†ƒ””‡†‘trsu ‹…Ž—†‡–Š‡ƒƒŽ›•‹•‘ˆ–Š‡•‡‡…—ƒ†‘”‹ƒ‡†‹ƒ •›•–‡• ™‹–Š‹ –Š‡ …ƒŽŽ‡† ‹–‡”‡†‹ƒ–‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡• ™Š‡ †‡ˆ‹‹‰ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•

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 &ULWLFLVPVWRWKH+DOOLQDQG0DQFLQL PRGHO Ž–Š‘—‰Š–”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽŽ›–Š‹•ƒƒŽ›•‹•‘†‡ŽŠƒ•„‡‡—•‡†ƒ†‹–•ƒ’’Ž‹…ƒæ „‹Ž‹–›Šƒ•„‡‡†‡‘•–”ƒ–‡†ˆ‘”ƒ›…‘—–”‹‡•á–Š‡’”‘’‘•‡†‘†‡Ž•„› ƒŽŽ‹ƒ†ƒ…‹‹trrv •—ˆˆ‡”ˆ”‘ƒ‡š…‡••‹˜‡ˆ—…–‹‘ƒŽ‹•á„‡…ƒ—•‡ ”‡ƒŽ‹–›Šƒ••Š‘™–Šƒ––Š‡‡†‹ƒƒ”‡‘–ƒƒ—–‘‘‘—•’ƒ”–‘ˆ–Š‡•‘…‹ƒŽ •›•–‡ä ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ ƒ ˆ—…–‹‘ƒŽ‹•– Ž‘‰‹…á –Š‡ Ž‹„‡”ƒŽ ‘†‡Ž ™‘—Ž† ™‘” ƒ—–‘‘‘—•Ž›á„—––Š‡ƒ—–Š‘”•‘ˆ–Š‡„‘‘‘’ƒ”‹‰‡†‹ƒ›•–‡•á „› –ƒŽ‹‰ ƒ„‘—– ò…‘—–‡”æ–‡†‡…‹‡•óá ƒ”‡ …ƒ”‡ˆ—Ž –‘ ™ƒ” –Šƒ– –Š‡ Ž‹„‡”ƒŽ ‘†‡Ž ‹• ‘– –Š‡ –‡†‡…› –‘ ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™ä ‘– •—”’”‹•‹‰Ž›á –Š‡ Ž‹„‡”ƒŽ ‘†‡Ž ‹–•‡Žˆ‹•“—‡•–‹‘‡†ƒ––Š‡–‹‡‘ˆ‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡‘„•‡”˜‡†…‘—–‡”æ–‡†‡…‹‡• Šƒ• ‡ƒ– –Š‡ ‰”‘™‹‰ ‡†‹ƒ ’‘Žƒ”‹•ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† –Š‡ …‘•‡“—‡– ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ƒŽ‹‰‡–‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒ‹–Š‡…‘—–”›™Š‡”‡–Š‡Ž‹„‡”ƒŽ ‘†‡Žˆ‘—†‹–• ‰”‡ƒ–‡•–‡š’‘‡–á–Š‡‹–‡†–ƒ–‡•ä‘”‡‘˜‡”á–Š‹•’”‘’‘•ƒŽ”‡ˆŽ‡…–• ƒ ‘˜‡”‡’Šƒ•‹• ‘ –Š‡ òƒ‹’—Žƒ–‹‘ó ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ƒ• ƒ ”‡•—Ž– ‘ˆ ‹–• ’‘Ž‹æ –‹…‹•ƒ–‹‘á ƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š ‘–Š‡” ƒ—–Š‘”• Šƒ˜‡ •Š‘™ –Šƒ– ‡†‹ƒ …ƒ ‰‡– –‘ ƒ…– ƒ……‘”†‹‰–‘–Š‡‹”‘™Ž‘‰‹…ƒ†‹–‡”‡•–•Šƒ˜‡”‘ƒ†…‘ŽŽäátrsu ä



 –Š‡ Žƒ•– ˆ‡™ ›‡ƒ”•á ‘–Š‡” ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡”• Šƒ˜‡ Š‹‰ŠŽ‹‰Š–‡† –Š‡ ™‡ƒ‡•æ •‡•‘ˆ–Š‡’”‘’‘•ƒŽƒ†‡„›ƒŽŽ‹ƒ†ƒ…‹‹‹trrvä‘Ž„—“—‡”“—‡ trst ᑐ‡‘ˆ–Š‡‹ˆŽ—‡…‹‰ˆƒ…–‘”•‹•–Š‡…”‹•‹•‘ˆ–Š‡–”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽ ‘†‡Ž ‘ˆ‹†‡’‡†‡–Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•‹–Š‡Žƒ•–ˆ‡™›‡ƒ”•áƒ‹Ž›‹ˆŽ—‡…‡†„› –Š‡ ‡‡”‰‡…‡‘ˆ†‹‰‹–ƒŽ‡†‹ƒ’”‘‰”‡••‹˜‡„Ž‘‰‰‡”• 䐑–Š‡”ˆƒ…–‘”–Šƒ––Š‹• ƒ—–Š‘”ƒ––”‹„—–‡•‹•–Š‡‡š…‡••‹˜‡†‡’‡†‡…‡‘‡•–‡”’‘‹–‘ˆ˜‹‡™á ƒ ’‘•‹–‹‘–Šƒ–‹•„‡‰‹‹‰–‘„‡“—‡•–‹‘‡†ƒ–†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–Ž‡˜‡Ž•ä‡‘ˆ–Š‡ ”‡˜‹•‹‘•’”‘’‘•‡†„›Ž„—“—‡”“—‡‹•–Š‡”‡…‘…‡’–—ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘‘ˆò’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ’ƒ”ƒŽŽ‡Ž‹•óჅ‘…‡’––Šƒ–…ƒŠƒ˜‡–™‘Ž‡˜‡Ž•‘ˆƒƒŽ›•‹•äŠ‡ˆ‹”•– ‘‡á „ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’ „‡–™‡‡ –Š‡ ’ƒ”–‹‡• ƒ† –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒá –Šƒ– —•– –ƒ‡ ‹–‘ ƒ……‘—– –Š”‡‡ ˜ƒ”‹ƒ„Ž‡• ‘ˆ ƒƒŽ›•‹•ã ‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘ –›’‡ ‘ˆ Ž‹ „‡–™‡‡–Š‡’ƒ”–›ƒ†–Š‡‡†‹ƒã†‹”‡…–ƒ†‹‹•–”ƒ–‹‘‘”‹ˆ‘”ƒŽ …‘æ –”‘Ž á’ƒ”–‹•ƒ‰‘ƒŽ•†‡‰”‡‡–‘™Š‹…Š’‘•‹–‹‘•‘ˆ–Š‡’ƒ”–›ƒ†–Š‡‡†‹ƒ …‘‹…‹†‡ ƒ†–Š‡•—’’‘”–’”‘˜‹†‡†„›–Š‡’ƒ”–›…‘Š‡”‡…‡„‡–™‡‡‡†‹ƒ ’ƒ”–› ’”‡ˆ‡”‡…‡• ƒ† ”‡ƒ†‡”• ä ‡…‘†á –Š‡ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’ –Šƒ– ‡š‹•–• „‡æ –™‡‡’ƒ”–›•›•–‡•ƒ†‡†‹ƒ•›•–‡•á–Šƒ–‹•á–Š‡”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’„‡–™‡‡ •’‡…‹ˆ‹… ‡†‹ƒ ”‡ƒ†‡”• ƒ† –Š‡ ˜‘–‡• ”‡…‡‹˜‡† „› –Š‡ ’ƒ”–‹‡• ƒ••‘…‹ƒ–‡† ™‹–Š–Š‘•‡‡†‹ƒä ‘–Š‡” ™ƒ”‹‰ ƒ„‘—– –Š‡ ‘†‡Ž‹• –Šƒ– –Š‡ ‹‹–‹ƒŽ ’”‘’‘•ƒŽ‹• ƒ†‡ „ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡ •–—†› ‘ˆ sz …‘—–”‹‡• ™‹–Š •’‡…‹ˆ‹… …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹…•ä ‘™‡˜‡”á …‘—æ –”‹‡• ƒ† ”‡‰‹‘• ™‹–Š †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ˆ‡ƒ–—”‡• ƒ† Š‹•–‘”‹…ƒŽ ’”‘…‡••‡•á •—…Š ƒ• –Š‡ …‘—–”‹‡• ‹ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒá ™‘—Ž† „‡ Ž‡ˆ– ƒ•‹†‡ ˆ‡–•…Šá trsu ä ˜‡ ‹ ”‡•‡ƒ”…Šáƒ•‡ŽŽƒ†‘trr{ •–ƒ–‡•á–Š‡‘•–™‘””›‹‰ƒ•’‡…–‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•‹ –Š‹• ”‡‰‹‘ ‹• –Šƒ– ‹– Šƒ• „‡…‘‡ ƒ ’”‘†—…– ƒ† Š›„”‹† ‘™Ž‡†‰‡ „‡æ –™‡‡‡”‹…ƒƒ†—”‘’‡ƒ ’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡•ä Š‡•‡’‡…—Ž‹ƒ”‹–‹‡•ƒ†‹†‹‘•›…”ƒ…‹‡•ƒ‡‹–‘–’‘••‹„Ž‡–‘ ƒ‡ƒ†‹”‡…– ‡š–”ƒ’‘Žƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘†‡Ž• ‘ˆ ƒŽŽ‹ ƒ† ƒ…‹‹ trrv  –‘ ƒŽŽ …‘—–”‹‡•ä ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ …‘—–”‹‡• ƒ”‡ ‹…Ž—†‡† ‹ –Š‡ •‘æ…ƒŽŽ‡† ò–Š‹”† ™ƒ˜‡ †‡æ ‘…”ƒ…‹‡•ó—–‹‰–‘ás{{s á…‘—–”‹‡•–Šƒ–•–ƒ”––Š‡’”‘…‡••‘ˆ †‡‘…”ƒæ –‹•ƒ–‹‘‹–Š‡yr•â–Š‡›‘—–Š‘ˆ–Š‡•‡†‡‘…”ƒ…‹‡•á‹ …‘„‹ƒ–‹‘™‹–Š–Š‡ ™‡‹‰Š– ‘ˆ ’”‡˜‹‘—• ƒ—–Š‘”‹–ƒ”‹ƒ ”‡‰‹‡•á ƒ”‡ ‡Ž‡‡–• –Šƒ– —Ž–‹ƒ–‡Ž› ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡–Š‡‡†‹ƒ•›•–‡ä  –Š‡ …ƒ•‡ ‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘”á ƒ……‘”†‹‰ –‘–Š‡‡‘…”ƒ…› †‡šá’”‡’ƒ”‡†„›Š‡ …‘‘‹•– –‡ŽŽ‹‰‡…‡‹–u{ዐtrst‹–™ƒ•”ƒ‡†ƒ•zy–Š‘—–‘ˆsxy ™‹–Š ƒ •…‘”‡ ‘ˆwäyz ‘ ƒ•…ƒŽ‡ ‘ˆ ræsr á ™Š‹…Š ’—–• ‹–‹ –Š‡ …ƒ–‡‰‘”›‘ˆòŠ›„”‹† ”‡‰‹‡óä  ”‡•’‘•‡ –‘ –Š‡ ‡ƒ•—”‡‡– …ƒ–‡‰‘”‹‡• ‘ˆ †‡‘…”ƒ…›á…—ƒ†‘”



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ƒ„Ž‡s䇏‘…”ƒ…› †‡štrst䃖ƒˆ‘”…—ƒ†‘” ‘—”…‡ãŠ‡…‘‘‹•– –‡ŽŽ‹‰‡…‡‹–trst ä

 trrx –Š‡ ˆ‹”•– ‡Žƒ„‘”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‹• ‹†‡š á …—ƒ†‘”ï• •…‘”‡ ™ƒ• wäxvä Š‹• ‹†‡š †ƒ–ƒ •—‰‰‡•–• –Šƒ–á ™Š‹Ž‡ ƒ› ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ …‘—–”‹‡• ƒ”‡ ƒ‹‰ ’”‘‰”‡••‹†‡‘…”ƒ–‹•ƒ–‹‘á‹–Š‡”‡‰‹‘–Š‡”‡ƒ”‡•–‹ŽŽƒ›…‘—–”‹‡•™‹–Š ™‡ƒ †‡‘…”ƒ…‹‡• sv …‘—–”‹‡• ‹ –Š‡ ”‡‰‹‘ ˆƒŽŽ ™‹–Š‹ –Š‡ …ƒ–‡‰‘”› ‘ˆ òˆŽƒ™‡† †‡‘…”ƒ…‹‡•ó á ™Š‹Ž‡ –Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡ …‘—–”‹‡• ™‹–Š ˆ—ŽŽ †‡‘…”ƒ…‹‡• ”—‰—ƒ› á ”‡ˆŽ‡…–‹‰ –Š‡ Š‡–‡”‘‰‡‡‹–› ‘ˆ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ ƒ† –Š‡ ’”‡•‡…‡ ‘ˆ•‹‰‹ˆ‹…ƒ–†‹ˆˆ‡”‡…‡•„‡–™‡‡…‘—–”‹‡•ä Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡á ‹ •Š‘”–á ƒ› ”‡ƒ•‘• ™Š› ‹– ‹• ‡…‡••ƒ”› –‘ ’”‡•‡– ƒ ƒŽ–‡”ƒ–‹˜‡‘†‡Ž–‘‡•–‡”ƒƒŽ›•‹•ä……‘”†‹‰–‘Ž„—“—‡”“—‡trsr ã ƒ ‹”‡…– ‡š–”ƒ’‘Žƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹‹–‹ƒŽ ƒƒŽ›•‹• ‘†‡Ž• ‡‡’• –Š‡ ˜‹‡™’‘‹– ‘ˆ –Š‡‡•–ˆ‘”–Š‡ƒƒŽ›•‹•„›–ƒ‹‰ƒ•ƒ”‡ˆ‡”‡…‡‡•–‡”†‡‘…”ƒ…‹‡•ä „ ƒŽŽ‹ ƒ† ƒ…‹‹ trrv  ‘†‡Ž• ƒ”‡ ƒ†‡ „ƒ•‡† ‘ •–ƒ„Ž‡ †‡‘…”ƒ…‹‡•áƒˆ‡ƒ–—”‡–Šƒ–‹•‘––”—‡ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒ…‘—–”‹‡•ä  –Š‡ …ƒ•‡ ‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘”á ‹ –Š‡ ˆ‹”•– †‡…ƒ†‡ ‘ˆ –Š‹• …‡–—”› –Š‡”‡ ™‡”‡ –™‘…‘—’• †ï±–ƒ–trrrátrrw ƒ†ƒ‘–Š‡”ƒ––‡’–‡†trsr ä … „•‡…‡ ‘ˆ ƒ ‘”‡ …‘’Ž‡š †›ƒ‹… ’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡á –ƒ‹‰ ‹–‘ ƒ……‘—– ƒ •…‡ƒ”‹‘ ‘ˆ –”ƒ•‹–‹‘ –‘ ƒ †‡‘…”ƒ–‹… ‰‘ƒŽ ™Š‹…Š †‘‡• ‘– Šƒ˜‡ –‘ „‡ ’”‘’‘•‡†„›–Š‡‡•–ä † ‘—”ƒŽ‹•’”‘’‘•‡†‘†‡Ž•”‡“—‹”‡ƒ…‘’‡–‹–‹˜‡’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ‡˜‹”‘‡– ƒ† ‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ •–ƒ„‹Ž‹–›á ’”‡‹•‡• –Šƒ– …ƒ „‡ ‘” ‘–  ‘ ƒ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– •…ƒŽ‡ä Š‡ ‹’‘”–ƒ…‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ •›•–‡ …‘ˆ‹‰—”ƒ–‹‘ Ž‹‡• ‹ –Š‡ †—ƒŽ ”‘Ž‡ ‹– ’Žƒ›•ãò‡…‘‘‹…ƒ‰‡–ƒ†‹†‡‘Ž‘‰‹œ‹‰ƒ‰‡–󇑔ƒ‡•átrsuãvs 䊋•‹• „‡…ƒ—•‡‘ˆ‹–•‘™…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹…•‘”‰ƒ‹•‡†„›–Š‹•ƒ—–Š‘”ã



ƒ –• ƒ„‹Ž‹–› –‘ •‡– †‹”‡…–‹‘• ƒ† ‹†‡‘Ž‘‰‹‡•á ˆ‘” ‘’‹‹‘• ƒ† †”ƒ™ ’”‡˜ƒ‹Ž‹‰ •‘…‹ƒŽ ‹ƒ‰‹ƒ”› Ž‹‡•ã ‹– ’”‘†—…‡• ƒ† †‹••‡‹ƒ–‡• …‘–‡–á ‹’‘•‹‰ ‹–• ‘™ ”—Ž‡• ™‹–Š‘—– ƒŽŽ‘™‹‰ ‘–Š‡” ‘’–‹‘•á ƒŽ–‡”ƒ–‹‘• ‘” ˜‹•‹‘•ä „ ’’”‘’”‹ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– Ž‡š‹…‘• ƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡ –‘ ‹–• ’ƒ”–‹…—Žƒ” ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‡•á ‹…‘”’‘”ƒ–‹‰–Š‡‹–‘–Š‡†‘‹ƒ–†‹•…‘—”•‡•ä … –”‡‰–Š‡‹‰‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ”‡–ƒ•–Š‡‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘ƒŽŠ—„‘ˆ•‘…‹‡–›á ’”‡æ •‡–‹‰‹–•‡Žˆƒ•–Š‡ƒ…–‘”…ƒ’ƒ„Ž‡‘ˆ”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‰…‘–‡’‘”ƒ”› Ž‹ˆ‡ä † ‡Ž‡…–‹˜‡ …‘–”‘Ž ‘ˆ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ‡ƒ•—”‡• ‘ˆ ˜ƒŽ—‡ –Šƒ– •‘…‹ƒŽŽ› …‹”…—Žƒ–‡á •‹Ž‡…‹‰ ‘” †‡…‘–‡š–—ƒŽ‹•‹‰ ™Šƒ– ‹‰Š– „‡…‘‡ …”‹–‹…ƒŽ ƒƒŽ›•‹•‡‘”ƒ‡•átrsuãtrˆˆä ä

 7KHPHGLDV\VWHPLQ/DWLQ$PHULFD ‘” ƒ ’”‘’‡” ƒƒŽ›•‹• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ •›•–‡ ‹– ‹• ‡…‡••ƒ”›á –Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡á –‘ …‘•‹†‡” –Š‡ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ …‘–‡š– ‹ ‰‡‡”ƒŽ ƒ† –Š‡ …—ƒ†‘”‹ƒ ‹ ’ƒ”–‹…—Žƒ”ä  ‹–• ‡†‹ƒ Š‹•–‘”›á ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ Šƒ• •‘‡ …‘‘ …Šƒ”ƒ…æ –‡”‹•–‹…•‡…‡””ƒátrsvãxu ä ƒ —•‹‡•• Ž‘‰‹… ƒ• –Š‡ ’”‘–ƒ‰‘‹•– ‘ˆ Š‘™ …—Ž–—”ƒŽ ‹†—•–”‹‡• ™‘”ä „ „•‡…‡ ‘ˆ ‰‘˜‡”‡–ƒŽ ’—„Ž‹… •‡”˜‹…‡• ƒ† —•‡ ‘ˆ ‡†‹ƒ ƒƒ‰‡æ ‡–‘”‰ƒ•‘ˆ–ƒ–‡ƒ•‰‘˜‡”‡–†‹•…‘—”•‡ ’”‘’ƒ‰ƒ–‘”•ä … ”‘…‡••‡• ‘ˆ …‘…‡–”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‘™‡”•Š‹’ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ •›•–‡•ä † ‡–”ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ’”‘†—…–‹‘‘ˆ‡™•…‘–‡–ƒ†‡–‡”–ƒ‹‡–‹ƒæ Œ‘”—”„ƒ’‘‹–•‘ˆ‡ƒ…Š …‘—–”›ä ‡ ‘‘”Ž› ”‡‰—Žƒ–‡† •›•–‡• „—– –‹‰Š–Ž› …‘–”‘ŽŽ‡† „› –Š‡ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’ –Š‡› Šƒ† ™‹–Š ‘˜‡”‡–• ‡…‡””ƒá trsv ä  ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒá –Š‡ …‘ˆŽ‹…– „‡–™‡‡ ‹†—•–”‹ƒŽ ƒ…–‘”• ƒ† ‘˜‡”‡–• ‡š’”‡••‡• –Š‡ „”‡ƒ‹‰ ‘ˆ ƒ ‘†‡Ž –Šƒ– ‘š ƒ† ƒ‹•„‘”† trrt  †‡•…”‹„‡† ™‹–Š ƒ ’ƒ”ƒ†‘šã ò–Š‡ „—•‹‡••‘†‡Ž‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒƒ—†‹‘˜‹•—ƒŽ™ƒ•‹ƒ›…ƒ•‡•‘– Š‡ƒ˜‹Ž› ”‡‰—Žƒ–‡† ƒ† •–”‘‰Ž› …‘–”‘ŽŽ‡† ƒ– –Š‡ •ƒ‡ –‹‡ó ‹„‹†äãx{ ä ‹•–‘”‹…ƒŽŽ›á–Š‡ƒŒ‘”‹–›‘ˆƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒ–ƒ–‡•Šƒ˜‡Šƒ††‹ˆˆ‹…—Ž–› ’—æ ––‹‰‹’Žƒ…‡…Ž‡ƒ”‡†‹ƒ’‘Ž‹…‹‡•á–‘™Š‹…Š™‡—•–ƒ††–Šƒ––Š‡ ’‘’—Ž‹•– ‘†‡Žˆƒ˜‘—”‡†‹–Š‡vr•ƒ†wr•–Š‡†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–‘ˆ–Š‡•—„ƒŽ–‡”…—Ž–—æ



”‡•ƒ†…—Ž–—”ƒŽ‹†—•–”‹‡•ƒ•–”‹‹ƒ†‡…‡””ƒátrrs ä –Š‡‡†‹ƒƒ”æ ‡–ზ‹‡”‹…ƒ…‘—–”‹‡•™‡”‡’‹‘‡‡”•‹–Š‡‹–”‘†—…–‹‘‘ˆ –‡Ž‡˜‹æ •‹‘á„—–‘–‹–Š‡†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–‘ˆ–‡…Š‘Ž‘‰‹‡•â‹–‹•‹–Š‡xr•™Š‡ –Š‡ ’”‘…‡••‘ˆ‡…‘‘‹…‘†‡”‹•ƒ–‹‘ƒ†…—Ž–—”ƒŽ”‡‡™ƒŽ‹• …‘•‘Ž‹†ƒ–‡† ƒ‹Ž›„›ˆ‘”‡‹‰…ƒ’‹–ƒŽ‹ˆŽ‘™•‹„‹†ä äò‡†‹ƒƒƒ‰‡‡–Šƒ†ƒˆƒ‹Ž›á ’ƒ–”‹ƒ”…ŠƒŽƒ†ƒ”–‹•ƒƒŽ†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡––‘–Š‡‡š–‡–‘ˆ–Š‡ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ˆƒ…–‘”ვƒ…‘”‡‹–Š‡‡…‘‘‹…•–”—…–—”‡á…‘‹…‹†‹‰™‹–Š–Š‡‰”‘™–Š ‘ˆ –Š‡‡…‘‘‹…•‹œ‡‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒƒ†–Š‡‹”‹–‡‰”ƒ–‹‘‹–Š‡‰Ž‘„ƒŽ–”ƒ†‹‰ •›•–‡ó ‹„‹†äá trrsã u ä  –Š‡ xr• ƒ ‘†‡Ž ‘ˆ ˆ—†ƒ‡–ƒŽŽ› ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ –‡Ž‡æ ˜‹•‹‘ ™ƒ• …‘•‘Ž‹†ƒ–‡†á ™‹–Š ’”‘†—…–‹‘ …‘…‡–”ƒ–‡† ‹ Žƒ”‰‡ …‹–‹‡• ƒ† Žƒ”‰‡ ’”‡•‡…‡ ‘ˆ ˆ‘”‡‹‰ …ƒ’‹–ƒŽ «ƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š ‹ –Š‡ …ƒ•‡ ‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘” ‘•– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹˜‡•–‡– ™ƒ• ‹–‡”ƒŽä  •‘‡ …‘—–”‹‡•á ’—„Ž‹… –‡Ž‡˜‹•‹‘ „‡‰ƒ –‘ ƒ’’‡ƒ”á„—–•–‹ŽŽƒ–Ž‘™’‡‡–”ƒ–‹‘Ž‡˜‡Ž•ƒ†„ƒ•‡†‘–Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡–’‘æ Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ’”‘’ƒ‰ƒ†ƒä ’‡…‹ˆ‹…ƒŽŽ›á …—ƒ†‘”á ƒŽ‘‰ ™‹–Š ƒ”ƒ‰—ƒ›á ‹• –Š‡ ‘—–Š ‡”‹…ƒ…‘—–”›™‹–Š–Š‡™‡ƒ‡•––ƒ–‡’”‡•‡…‡‹–Š‡‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹˜‡‡†‹ƒä –‹Ž –Š‡ ‡† ‘ˆ –Š‡ Žƒ•– …‡–—”›á …—ƒ†‘” Žƒ…‡† ’—„Ž‹… –‡Ž‡˜‹•‹‘ƒ† ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ’—„Ž‹…”ƒ†‹‘䊇‘Ž›’—„Ž‹…‡†‹—„‡ˆ‘”‡–Š‡ƒ””‹˜ƒŽ‘ˆ”‡•‹†‡– ƒˆƒ‡Ž‘””‡ƒá…”‡ƒ–‡†‹s{xs„› ‘•±ƒ”Àƒ‡Žƒ•…‘ „ƒ””ƒá™ƒ•ƒ„ƒ†‘‡† ‹–Š‡‹†æ‹‡–‹‡•Š‡…ƒæ ‘†‘›átrss —–‹Ž‹–•”‡˜‹˜ƒŽ‹trrzä ‡‰ƒ”†‹‰ –Š‡ †ƒ‹Ž› ‡™•’ƒ’‡”• ‹ …—ƒ†‘”á ‹– ‹• ‹ –Š‡ Žƒ–‡ s{–Š …‡–—”› ™Š‡ –Š‡› ™‡”‡ …‘•‘Ž‹†ƒ–‡†ä  szxr Ž ‡Ž±‰”ƒˆ‘ ™ƒ• ˆ‘—†‡†á –Š‡ ˆ‹”•– ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‡™•’ƒ’‡”–Šƒ–‹••–‹ŽŽ’—„Ž‹•Š‡†–‘†ƒ›â‹–Š‡tr–Š…‡–—”›–™‘‘ˆ–Š‡ Žƒ”‰‡•–…‹”…—Žƒ–‹‘‡™•’ƒ’‡”•™‡”‡„‘”ãŽ‘‡”…‹‘s{rx ƒ†Ž‹˜‡”•‘ s{tt ä ……‘”†‹‰–‘trsr†ƒ–ƒá–Š‡”‡ƒ”‡ƒ„‘—–uwŽ‘…ƒŽáƒ–‹‘ƒŽƒ†”‡‰‹‘ƒŽ †ƒ‹Ž› ‡™•’ƒ’‡”•ä  –Š‡ ˆ‹‡Ž† ‘ˆ „”‘ƒ†…ƒ•–‹‰á ‹ ƒ……‘”†ƒ…‡ ™‹–Š –Š‡ ‹ˆ‘”ƒæ –‹‘ ’”‘˜‹†‡† „› –Š‡ —’‡”‹–‡†‡…› ‘ˆ ‡Ž‡…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘•á‹ ‡…‡„‡” trsr –Š‡”‡ ™‡”‡ sátrw ”ƒ†‹‘ •–ƒ–‹‘• ‘ •Š‘”–™ƒ˜‡á  ƒ† á ƒ†vvv –‡Ž‡˜‹•‹‘ …Šƒ‡Ž•á ‹…Ž—†‹‰ ƒ–”‹…‡• ƒ† ”‡’‡ƒ–‡” •–ƒ–‹‘• ‘ˆ ‘’‡•‹‰ƒŽ ‘   ƒ†  á „‘–Š ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ ƒ† ’—„Ž‹… ƒ† …‘—‹–› ’”‘’‡”–›äƒ•‡† ‘–Š‡†ƒ–ƒ‘ˆ–Š‡•ƒ‡‹•–‹–—–‹‘ázu¨‘ˆ–‡Ž‡˜‹•‹‘•™‡”‡’”‹˜ƒ–‡Ž›‘™‡†á sy¨‘ˆ’—„Ž‹…•‡”˜‹…‡ƒ†…‘—‹–›™‡”‡‘–”‡’”‡•‡–‡†r¨ 䇉ƒ”†‹‰ ”ƒ†‹‘áz{¨™‡”‡’”‹˜ƒ–‡ásräz¨‘ˆ’—„Ž‹…•‡”˜‹…‡ƒ†…‘—‹–›Œ—•–rät¨ä  trryá ™‹–Š –Š‡ ƒ””‹˜ƒŽ ‘ˆ ƒˆƒ‡Ž ‘””‡ƒ –‘ –Š‡ ’”‡•‹†‡…›á –Š‡ ’—„Ž‹… ‡†‹ƒ …—ƒ†‘” á ƒ†‹‘ ‹…ƒ †‡ …—ƒ†‘” ”‡’Žƒ…‹‰ ƒ†‹‘ ƒ…‹‘ƒŽ ƒ† Ž ‡Ž±‰”ƒˆ‘•‡‹œ‡†„›–Š‡–ƒ–‡–‘ƒˆ‘”‡”„ƒ‡”vr ™‡”‡…”‡ƒ–‡†ä ƒ††‹–‹‘á



–Š‡ ‰‘˜‡”‡–ƒŽ ‡™•’ƒ’‡” Ž ‹—†ƒ†ƒ‘ ƒ† –Š‡ —„Ž‹… ‡™•‰‡…›‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘”ƒ†‘—–Š‡”‹…ƒ†‡• ™‡”‡…”‡ƒ–‡†ƒ†‹trsr–Š‡ ’—„Ž‹… †ƒ‹Ž› á Ž ‡”†ƒ†‡”‘ ™ƒ• „‘”á ’”‹–‡† ‘ –Š‡ ’”‡‹•‡• ‘ˆ Ž‡Ž±‰”ƒˆ‘‡•…‘á trss ä ’ƒ”ƒŽŽ‡Ž–‘–Š‡†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒƒ”‡–á–Š‡†‡„ƒ–‡ ‘–Š‡•–ƒ–‡ ‘ˆ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ‹ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ ‹• ‘‰‘‹‰ä – ‹–• …‘‰”‡•• ‹ trrtá –Š‡ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ ••‘…‹ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡”• •‡– •‘‡ ‰‘ƒŽ• ƒ”“—‡•†‡‡Ž‘átrsrã ty vsã ƒ ƒ…‹‰…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ƒ•ƒ•‘…‹ƒŽ’”‘…‡••á‡…‘—”ƒ‰‹‰•–—†‹‡•‘ –Š‡ „‡Šƒ˜‹‘—”‘ˆ„”‘ƒ†…ƒ•–‹‰ƒ† ‡ˆˆ‡…–•ä „ ƒ˜‹‰ –Š‡‘”‡–‹…ƒŽ ƒ—–‘‘›á ˆ‘•–‡”‹‰ ‡–Š‘†‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ …”‹–‹…‹•ä ‡æ ‡”ƒ–‹‰ ‘™Ž‡†‰‡ –Šƒ– …ƒ ‹’”‘˜‡ –Š‡ “—ƒŽ‹–› ‘ˆ ‡†‹ƒ ’”‘†—…–• †‡ƒ†‡†„› •‘…‹‡–›ä … ‡…‘˜‡”‹‰ ‡’‹”‹…ƒŽ ‘™Ž‡†‰‡ ™‹–Š ‹–• –Š”‡‡ †‹‡•‹‘•ã ƒ—–‘…Š–Š‘æ ‘—•‹†‹‰‡‘—•á‡•–‹œ‘ƒ† ’‘’—Žƒ”ä Š‡ …ŠƒŽŽ‡‰‡• ‹ –Š‡ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ…‘—‹…ƒ–‹˜‡ …‘–‡š– ƒ’’‡ƒ” –Š‡æ ”‡ˆ‘”‡…Ž‡ƒ”ã’Ž—”ƒŽ‹•áˆ”‡“—‡…›‘ˆ†‹•–”‹„—–‹‘ƒ†‡ƒ„Ž‹‰•’ƒ…‡•ˆ‘”–Š‡ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– –›’‡• ‘ˆ ‡†‹ƒ ‡”˜‹‡— ƒ† ƒ•‘á trsr ä ‡‡–‹‰ –Š‡•‡ …ŠƒŽŽ‡‰‡• ‡ƒ• ƒ‹‰ ’”‘‰”‡•• ‹ –Š‡ •‘æ…ƒŽŽ‡† ò†‡‘…”ƒ–‹•ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘óá –Š‹• ƒ‹• –‘ ”‡˜‡”•‡ –Š‡ …—””‡– ‰‡‡”ƒŽ •‹–—ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ …‘æ …‡–”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ‡†‹ƒ ’‘™‡”ä  ‘”†‡” –‘ ƒ…Š‹‡˜‡ –Š‡ †‡‘…”ƒ–‹•ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘á ƒ…ƒ”‘ˆˆ trsr  ’”‘’‘•‡• –‘ ƒ…– ‹ –Š”‡‡ Ž‹‡• ‘ˆ ™‘”ã •–”‡‰–Š‡‹‰ –Š‡ ˜ƒ”‹‘—• –›’‡• ‘ˆ ‡†‹ƒá ‹…Ž—†‹‰ ’—„Ž‹…â ™‘”‹‰ ‹ –Š‡ ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ…”‹–‹…ƒŽƒ—†‹‡…‡•ƒ†‹’”‘˜‹‰Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹…’”ƒ…–‹…‡•ä ‘†ƒ›á –Š‡ †‡ˆ‹‹‰ …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹…• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ •›•–‡á ƒ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ ƒ•æ …—ƒŽ‡””ƒ‘trsu ‹‡‘”ƒ‡•trsuãxz ე‡ã 

– ‹• ƒ ƒ’’‡†ƒ‰‡ ‘ˆ …‘”’‘”ƒ–‡ ‡…‘‘‹… ‰”‘—’• —•—ƒŽŽ› –Š‡ ‘™‡”• ‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒƒƒ‰‡„—•‹‡••‡’‹”‡• ä



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–‹•‘–•—„Œ‡…––‘ˆ‹ƒ…‹ƒŽ…‘–”‘Ž•ƒ•–Š‡”‡•–‘ˆ’‘™‡”•ä



–Šƒ•‘…‘—–‡”˜ƒ‹Ž‹‰’‘™‡”vuä

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…‹‡ƒ–‘‰”ƒ’Š› ƒ™ ‘ˆ ‡‡œ—‡Žƒá v  ƒ†‹‘ ‡–™‘” ‘ˆƒ–‹˜‡ ’‡‘’Ž‡• ‹ ‘Ž‹˜‹ƒá ƒ† w  …”‡ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –ƒ–‡ –‡Ž‡˜‹•‹‘ …Šƒ‡Ž• –Šƒ–‘ˆˆ‡” ‘–Š‡” Ž‘‰‹…• ‘ˆ …—Ž–—”ƒŽ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ‡–‡”–ƒ‹‡– ’”‘‰”ƒ‹‰•—…Šƒ• …—‡–”‘ ”‰‡–‹ƒ ዘ‡‡‡œ—‡Žƒ á…—ƒ†‘”…—ƒ†‘” ᇎ‡•—” ‡‡œ—‡Žƒ ä ƒŒ‘” ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ ‡†‹ƒ …‘‰Ž‘‡”ƒ–‡• ‹ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ ƒ”‡ ”—’‘ Žƒ”À ”‰‡–‹ƒ ᔉƒ‹œƒ…‹‘‡• Ž‘„‘”ƒœ‹Ž á ”—’‘‡Ž‡˜‹•ƒ‡š‹…‘ ƒ† ”—’‘ ‹•‡”‘• ‡‡œ—‡Žƒ á„—– –Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡ ‘–Š‡” Ž‘…ƒŽ ‰”‘—’• ƒ• ƒ”ƒˆ—Ž‹…‘Ž‹˜‹ƒ á ƒ”ƒ…‘Ž ‘Ž‘„‹ƒ  ƒ† œ–‡…ƒ ‡š‹…‘ ä – ‹• ƒŽ•‘ ‹’‘”–ƒ– –Š‡ˆ‘”‡‹‰ ‹˜‡•–‡––‘–Š‡”‡‰‹‘á•—…Šƒ•–Š‡’ƒ‹•Š ”—’‘”‹•ƒ”‡Œ‘á trsr ä Š‡ „‡Šƒ˜‹‘—” ‘ˆ –Š‡•‡ Žƒ”‰‡ ‰”‘—’• ‹• •‹‹Žƒ” –‘ –Šƒ– ‘ˆ ‰Ž‘„ƒŽ’Žƒ›‡”•ã ò–Š‡› ƒ”‡—Ž–‹‡†‹ƒ ‰”‘—’• ™‹–Š ”ƒ‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘• –‘‘–Š‡”…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ƒ…–‹˜‹–‹‡• –‡Ž‡…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘•á‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘–‡…Š‘Ž‘‰›á’”‹–‹‰‹†—•–”›á‡–…ä „—–ƒŽ•‘ ‘–Š‡”„”ƒ…Š‡•‘ˆ‹†—•–”›ƒ†…‘‡”…‡äŠ‡•‡‰”‘—’• Šƒ˜‡ …”‘••‡† ‡ƒ…Š ‘–Š‡”á ƒ• ™‡ŽŽ ƒ• ™‘˜‡ ƒ† —™‘˜‡ ‹–‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ’ƒ”–‡”•Š‹’• ™‹–Š •–ƒ‡Š‘Ž†‡”• ‘ˆ ƒ ‰”‡ƒ–‡” ™‡‹‰Š– ‹ –Š‡ ‰Ž‘„ƒŽ„—•‹‡••ƒ”‡–󃕖”‹‹ ƒ†‡…‡””ƒátrrsãzˆˆä ä òƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒ‹…”‡ƒ•‹‰Ž›”‡•‡„Ž‡•ƒŽƒ”‰‡‡†‹ƒ‘Ž‹‰‘’‘Ž›á†‘‹ƒ–‡†„› ’‘™‡”ˆ—Ž –”ƒ•ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ‰”‘—’• ‘ˆ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ‹–• ”‡‰‹‘ƒŽ’ƒ”–‡”•ó ‘”ƒátrsrãsx{ 䇑”ƒ‡•trsu —•‡•–Š‡‹ƒ‰‡‘ˆƒ–”‡‡–‘”‡’”‡•‡– –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ •›•–‡á ™Š‘•‡ „”ƒ…Š‡• ™‘—Ž† „‡ –Š‡ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ •‡…–‘”•á Ž‹‡† „› ƒ ‹˜‹•‹„Ž‡ –Š”‡ƒ† –Šƒ– ™‡ƒ˜‡• –Š‡ –‘‰‡–Š‡” ‰‡‡”ƒ–‹‰ ƒ …‘‘ …‹”…—‹– ‘ˆ †‡•‹‰á ‹””ƒ†‹ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† …‘–‡– ƒ”‡–‹‰á ™Š‹…Š —Ž–‹ƒ–‡Ž› ”‡ƒ‹• ‹ –Š‡ Šƒ†• ‘ˆ ƒ •ƒŽŽ —„‡” ‘ˆ …‘”’‘”ƒ–‹‘•ä ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰–Š‡‰Ž‘„ƒŽ–”‡†‹–Š‡…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘•ƒ”‡–ዐ…—ƒ†‘” ™‡ ˆ‹†…‘‰Ž‘‡”ƒ–‡•‘ˆ˜ƒ”‹‘—•‹†•™Š‹…Š‹…Ž—†‡‡†‹ƒƒ‘‰–Š‡‹”ƒ•æ •‡–•«–Š‡„ƒ•Š‡”‡ƒ”‡‘–ˆƒ”ˆ”‘‡†‹ƒ‘™‡”•Š‹’䊇s{{{„ƒ‹‰ …”‹•‹•áƒ……‘”†‹‰–‘Š‡…ƒæ ‘†‘›trstƒ á•Š‘™‡†Š‘™–Š‡‡†‹ƒ™‡”‡—•‡† ‹†‡ˆ‡…‡‘ˆˆ‹ƒ…‹ƒŽ‹–‡”‡•–•ä –Š‡”ƒ†‹‘•’‡…–”—ás{ˆƒ‹Ž‹‡•…‘–”‘Ž t{z‘ˆ–Š‡uzv„”‘ƒ†…ƒ•–ˆ”‡“—‡…‹‡•ƒ†vwˆƒ‹Ž‹‡•”— xr¨‘ˆ–Š‡ ‘”‡ –Šƒ ƒ –Š‘—•ƒ†  ƒ†  ”ƒ†‹‘ …‘…‡••‹‘•Žƒ‹œátrsu ä ‘” †‡…ƒ†‡•á–Š‡‘Ž›’—„Ž‹…‡†‹—™ƒ•ƒ†‹‘ƒ…‹‘ƒŽá…”‡ƒ–‡†‹s{xsᄇ‹‰ –Š‡‘Ž› ‘˜‡”‡–”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘ˆ‘”›‡ƒ”•ä ‡ˆ‘”‡–Š‡’ƒ••‹‰‘ˆ–Š‡‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘•ƒ™á–Š‡”‡™‡”‡‡‹‰Š–ƒŒ‘”‡†‹ƒ ‘™‡”•á ƒ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ †ƒ–ƒ …‘’‹Ž‡† „› –Š‡ —†‹– ‘‹––‡‡ ‘ˆ ‡Ž‡˜‹•‹‘



ƒ†ƒ†‹‘ ”‡“—‡…‹‡•ã ”—’‘ŽŒ—”‹vvá ”—’‘ •ƒÀƒ•vwá ”—’‘‹˜ƒ…‘vxá ”—’‘ ‰ƒ•vyá ”—’‘Ž˜ƒ”ƒ†‘vzá ”—’‘ƒ–‹ŽŽƒv{á ”—’‘±”‡œwrა† ”—’‘ƒ”–À‡œ ‡•…‘átrss ä ‹…‡–Š‡ƒ””‹˜ƒŽ‘ˆ‘””‡ƒtrry ᕇ˜‡”ƒŽ‡ƒ•—”‡•Šƒ˜‡„‡‡–ƒ‡–‘Ž‹‹– ‡†‹ƒ …‘…‡–”ƒ–‹‘ ‹ ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ Šƒ†•ä ‹”•–á „ƒ‡”• ƒ”‡ ˆ‘”„‹††‡ –‘ Š‘Ž† •Šƒ”‡• ‹ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒä • ‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡† ƒ– –Š‡ ”–‹…Ž‡ ust ‘ˆ –Š‡ trrz ‘•–‹–—–‹‘ã ”–äustä«òŠ‡’”‹˜ƒ–‡ˆ‹ƒ…‹ƒŽ•›•–‡‹•–‹–—–‹‘•ƒ†’”‹˜ƒ–‡‡†‹ƒ …‘æ ’ƒ‹‡•‘ˆƒ–‹‘ƒŽ…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”á–Š‡‹”†‹”‡…–‘”•ƒ†’”‹…‹’ƒŽ•Šƒ”‡Š‘Ž†‡”•ƒ› ‘–Š‘Ž†á†‹”‡…–Ž›‘”‹†‹”‡…–Ž›á•Šƒ”‡•‹…‘’ƒ‹‡•‘—–•‹†‡–Š‡ˆ‹ƒ…‹ƒŽ ‘” …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ƒ…–‹˜‹–›áƒ……‘”†‹‰–‘–Š‡…ƒ•‡äŠ‡”‡•’‡…–‹˜‡…‘–”‘Ž ƒ‰‡æ …‹‡• ™‹ŽŽ „‡ ”‡•’‘•‹„Ž‡ ˆ‘” –Š‡ ”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’”‘˜‹•‹‘á ‹ ƒ……‘”†ƒ…‡ ™‹–Š–Š‡…‘•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽƒ†Ž‡‰ƒŽˆ”ƒ‡™‘”‹ˆ‘”…‡ä ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‹‘ ‹ –Š‡ …‘–”‘Ž ‘ˆ …ƒ’‹–ƒŽá ‹˜‡•–‡– ‘” …ƒ’‹–ƒŽ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒá –‘ ‡–‹–‹‡• ‘” ˆ‹ƒ…‹ƒŽ ‰”‘—’•á –Š‡‹” Ž‡‰ƒŽ ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡•á „‘ƒ”† ‡„‡”• ƒ† •Šƒ”‡Š‘Ž†‡”•á‹•’”‘Š‹„‹–‡†ä ƒ…Š‡–‹–›‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ–‹‘ƒŽˆ‹ƒ…‹ƒŽ•›•–‡™‹ŽŽŠƒ˜‡ƒ…—•–‘‡”ƒ†˜‘…ƒ–‡™Š‘ ‹• ‹†‡’‡†‡– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘ ƒ† ƒ’’‘‹–‡† ‹ ƒ……‘”†ƒ…‡ ™‹–Š –Š‡Žƒ™óä

Š‡‘•–‹–—–‹‘’”‘˜‹†‡•ƒ’‡”‹‘†‘ˆ‘‡›‡ƒ”–‘”‡˜‡”•‡–Š‡‡†‹ƒ‘™‡† „›„ƒ•–”ƒ•‹–‹‘ƒŽ’”‘˜‹•‹‘ t{ ã òŠ‡ •Šƒ”‡• –Šƒ– ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ ˆ‹ƒ…‹ƒŽ •›•–‡ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘• ƒ† ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ ‡†‹ƒ …‘’ƒ‹‡•‘ˆƒ–‹‘ƒŽ…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”á–Š‡‹”†‹”‡…–‘”•ƒ†’”‹…‹’ƒŽ •Šƒ”‡Š‘Ž†‡”• ‹˜ƒ”‹‘—•…‘’ƒ‹‡•‹˜‘Ž˜‡†‹–Š‡•‡…–‘”Šƒ˜‡á™‹ŽŽ„‡•‘Ž†™‹–Š‹ƒ ›‡ƒ” ˆ”‘–Š‡’ƒ••‹‰‘ˆ–Š‹•”‡ˆ‘””‡ˆ‡”‡†—ä Š‡•Šƒ”‡•‘ˆ–Š‡Ž‡‰ƒŽ‡–‹–‹‡• ‘ˆ–Š‡ˆ‹ƒ…‹ƒŽ•‡…–‘”á–Š‡‹”Ž‡‰ƒŽ”‡’”‡•‡æ –ƒ–‹˜‡•ƒ†„‘ƒ”†‡„‡”•ƒ†•Šƒ”‡Š‘Ž†‡”•™‹–Š•Šƒ”‡•‹–Š‡’ƒ‹† •‘…‹ƒŽ ‡†‹ƒ™‹ŽŽ„‡•‘Ž†™‹–Š‹–™‘›‡ƒ”•ˆ”‘–Š‡‡–”›‹–‘ˆ‘”…‡‘ˆ–Š‹•‘•æ –‹–—–‹‘ä ‘–‡ã ‹”•– ’ƒ”– ”‡’Žƒ…‡† „› –Š‡ ”‡ˆ‘” ƒ’’”‘˜‡† ‹ –Š‡ ”‡ˆ‡”‡†— ƒ† –Š‡ ’Ž‡„‹•…‹–‡‘ˆƒ›yátrssቋ˜‡„›–Š‡ƒ–‹‘ƒŽŽ‡…–‘”ƒŽ‘—…‹Ž‡•‘Ž—–‹‘‘ä rrá’—„Ž‹•Š‡†ƒ––Š‡ˆˆ‹…‹ƒŽ ƒœ‡––‡á—’’Ž‡‡–v{r‘ˆ —Ž›suá trssóä

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…‘ˆŽ‹…–‹‰ †‡…‹•‹‘• „› –Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡– ‹–•‡Žˆá ˆ‹ƒŽŽ› „ƒ‡”• ™‡”‡ ˆ‘”…‡† –‘…‘’Ž›™‹–Š–Š‡•–ƒ†ƒ”†á™Š‹…Šƒˆˆ‡…–‡†ssz•Šƒ”‡Š‘Ž†‡”• Š‡…ƒæ ‘†‘›á trstƒ ä ‡…‘†Ž›á •‘‡ ‡†‹ƒ ™‡”‡ •‡‹œ‡† ™‹–Š‹ –Š‡ ’‘Ž‹–‹…• ‘ˆ •‡‹œ—”‡ –‘ ‡šæ „ƒ‡”•…ƒ””‹‡†‘—–„›–Š‡‡’‘•‹– —ƒ”ƒ–‡‡‰‡…› ƒ•ƒ”‡•—Ž–‘ˆ –Š‡ ˆ‹ƒ…‹ƒŽ …”‹•‹• ‘ˆ s{{{ä ‘‰ –Š‡ ‰‘‘†• •‡‹œ‡†á •‘‡ ™‡”‡ ‡†‹ƒã ƒƒ ᇎ‡˜‹•‹×ƒ†ƒ„Ž‡‘–‹…‹ƒ•á‹ƒ††‹–‹‘–‘–™‘”ƒ†‹‘•–ƒ–‹‘•ƒ””—•‡Ž ƒ† —’‡”   ƒ† –™‘ ƒ‰ƒœ‹‡• Ž ‰”‘ ƒ† ƒ †ƒ ä —””‡–Ž›á –Š‡•‡ •‡‹œ‡† ‡†‹ƒ ”‡ƒ‹ •–ƒ–‡æ”—á „—– ‹– ‹• ‡š’‡…–‡† –Šƒ– –Š‡› ƒ”‡ ’ƒ”– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”‡†‹•–”‹„—–‹‘‘ˆ”ƒ†‹‘•’‡…–”—ä Š‹”†Ž›á –Š‡ ”‡†‹•–”‹„—–‹‘ ‘ˆ ”ƒ†‹‘ •’‡…–”— ‹–‘–Š‹”†•á •‘ –Šƒ– uu¨ ‘ˆ –Š‡ •’‡…–”— ‹• ƒ••‹‰‡† –‘ ’—„Ž‹… ‡†‹ƒá uu¨ –‘ ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ ‡†‹ƒá ƒ† uv¨ –‘ …‘—‹–› ‡†‹ƒä Š‡ƒ‹‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‡‘ˆ–Š‡•‡‡ƒ•—”‡•‹•–‘„”‡ƒ–Š‡‰Ž‘„ƒŽ–”‡†–‘™ƒ”†• –Š‡…‘…‡–”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ‘™‡”•Š‹’‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒá–‘ƒ˜‘‹†–Š‡‡†‹ƒ…‘–”‹„—æ –‹‰áƒ……‘”†‹‰–‘ƒ…Š‡œ—‹œtrry …‹–‡†‹”‡Œ‘trsrãvz á–‘ã ƒ ‘”†‡” ‘ˆ ƒ—–Š‘”‹–ƒ”‹ƒ ‰‘˜‡”ƒ…‡á Ž‡‰‹–‹‹•‹‰ ‹–‡”‡•–• ƒ† ƒ…–‹‘• ‘ˆ ˜‡”›’ƒ”–‹…—Žƒ”‡Ž‹–‡•á‹’‘•‹‰†‡…‹•‹‘•‹ƒ‘–’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‘”›ƒ‡”á „—– ™‹–Š–Š‡ƒ’’‡ƒ”ƒ…‡‘ˆ…‘•‡•—•ƒ†Ž‡‰‹–‹‹•‡†äŠ‡”‡ˆ‘”‡á–Š‡‡†‹ƒ ƒ”‡ ‹˜‘Ž˜‡† ƒ• ‘„•–ƒ…Ž‡• –‘ ƒ ‘”‡ „”‘ƒ†Ž› ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‘”› ƒ† †‡‘…”ƒ–‹… ‰‘æ ˜‡”ƒ…‡ä  –—”á ‹ ƒ ˜‹…‹‘—• …‹”…Ž‡á ‹ –Š‹• «’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ƒ† ‡…‘‘‹…« …‘æ …‡–”ƒ–‹‘ ’”‘…‡••á ‡†‹ƒ …‘•‘Ž‹†ƒ–‡ ‹…”‡ƒ•‹‰Ž› –Š‡‹” •–ƒ–—• ƒ• ’‘™‡”•á ƒŽŽ‘™‹‰–Š‡–‘’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‡‹ƒŠ‡‰‡‘‹…‘”†‡”á’”‘†—…‹‰…‘•‡•—• ‘ ƒ†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–’”‘…‡••ˆ”‘™Š‹…Šƒˆ‡™á™‹–Šƒò†‡‘…”ƒ–‹…󈃅ƒ†‡á„‡‡ˆ‹–ä

‘–Š‡”…‘•‡“—‡…‡‘ˆ–Š‡Š‹‰ŠŽ‡˜‡Ž•‘ˆ…‘…‡–”ƒ–‹‘‹•–Š‡†‹•…”‹‹ƒæ –‹‘‘ˆ•‘…‹ƒŽ‹‘”‹–‹‡•á”‡•—Ž–‹‰‹ƒ‹…”‡ƒ•‡‹–Š‡‡š…Ž—•‹‘‘ˆ•‘‡ •‘…‹ƒŽƒ†…‘ŽŽ‡…–‹˜‡•‡…–‘”•’ƒ”–‹…—Žƒ”Ž›˜—Ž‡”ƒ„Ž‡á„‡•‹†‡•–Š‡’‡”’‡–—ƒæ –‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡‹˜‹•‹„‹Ž‹–›–‘™Š‹…Š–Š‡•‡‰”‘—’•ƒ”‡•—„Œ‡…–‡†äòŠ‡‘”‡ –‡æ Ž‡˜‹•‹‘„”‘ƒ†…ƒ•–•–ƒ–‹‘•‘”ƒ—†‹‡…‡•ƒ••‡„Ž‡á–Š‡Ž‡••†‹˜‡”•‹–›‘ˆ–‡æ Ž‡˜‹•‹‘‘ˆ‡ƒ…Š…‘—–”›–Š‡”‡‹•ó”‡Œ‘átrsrãu{ ᇘ‡á–Š‹•…‘…‡–”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ‡†‹ƒ‡š–‡†•‹–•‹ˆŽ—‡…‡–‘–Š‡Ž‡˜‡Ž•‘ˆ–”—•–‹†‡‘…”ƒ…›á…Žƒ‹‹‰ –Šƒ––Š‡”‡‹•ƒò‰”‡ƒ–‡”…‘ˆ‹†‡…‡ˆ‘”†‡‘…”ƒ…›‹…‘—–”‹‡•™‹–ŠŽ‘™‡” ”ƒ–‡•‘ˆ…‘…‡–”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–‡Ž‡˜‹•‹‘ó’ävx ä  ‡šƒ’Ž‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”‡Ž‡˜ƒ…‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ‹• ƒ •—”˜‡›‘ˆ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ Ž‡ƒ†‡”• ‹ trrtâ xwät¨ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒ…‘™Ž‡†‰‡† –Šƒ– ‡†‹ƒ ƒ”‡ –Š‡



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• …ƒ „‡ •‡‡ ‹ –Š‡ –ƒ„Ž‡á –‡Ž‡˜‹•‹‘ ‹• –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ‹ ™Š‹…Š …—ƒ†‘”‹ƒ …‹–‹œ‡• ‘•– –”—•–á ‹ ƒ …‘–‡š–á Š‘™‡˜‡”á †‘‹ƒ–‡† „› †‹•–”—•– ‹ ƒŽŽ …‘æ ˜‡–‹‘ƒŽ ‡†‹ƒ « ‘”‡ –Šƒ ŠƒŽˆ‘ˆ ”‡•’‘†‡–• †‘ ‘– –”—•– ƒ› ‘ˆ –Š‡ «ä  ‡˜‡”–Š‡Ž‡••á …‘•—’–‹‘ †ƒ–ƒ ”‡ƒ‹• Š‹‰Šá ‡•’‡…‹ƒŽŽ› ‹ –Š‡ …ƒ•‡ ‘ˆ –‡Ž‡˜‹•‹‘ƒ†”ƒ†‹‘ä J 0HGLDPDSRI (FXDGRU …‡–Š‡•›•–‡…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹…•‘ˆ–Š‡…—ƒ†‘”‹ƒ‡†‹ƒŠƒ•„‡‡ ƒƒŽ›æ •‡†á–Š‡–Š‡…‘ˆ‹‰—”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒƒ’‘ˆ–Š‡…‘—–”›‹•’”‡•‡–‡†xsä  –Š‡ ƒ—†‹‘˜‹•—ƒŽ Žƒ†•…ƒ’‡á –Š‡ …‘‹••‹‘ ‹ …Šƒ”‰‡ ‘ˆ …‘†—…–‹‰ –Š‡ ƒ—†‹– ‘ˆ ”ƒ†‹‘ Ž‹…‡•‡• ƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡ ‹ trr{ ”‡˜‡ƒŽ‡† ƒ Š‹‰Š —„‡” ‘ˆ ‹””‡æ ‰—Žƒ”‹–‹‡•á ™Š‹…Š ”‡ƒ…Š –Š‡ ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ˆ‹‡Ž† …‘…‡••‹‘• ƒ†‡ –‘ Ž‡ƒ†‡”• ä ‘™‡˜‡”჎‘•–‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡•‡Ž‹…‡•‡•Šƒ˜‡„‡‡”‡˜‡”•‡†ƒŽ‘•––™‘›‡ƒ”• ƒˆ–‡”–Š‡ƒ’’”‘˜ƒŽ‘ˆ–Š‡ä  –Š‡ ˆ‹‡Ž† ‘ˆ ’”‹–‡† ‡†‹ƒá …—ƒ†‘” Šƒ• Šƒ† ‹ –Š‡ Žƒ•– ›‡ƒ”• ‘˜‡” uw ™”‹––‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ•á‘ˆ™Š‹…Šƒ†‘œ‡ƒ”‡ƒ–‹‘ƒŽŽ›„”‘ƒ†…ƒ•–Š‡…ƒæ ‘†‘›á trst„ 䊇”‡ƒ†‹‰‹†‡š‹…—ƒ†‘””‡ƒ‹•Ž‘™ãwräu¨‘ˆ…—ƒ†‘”‹ƒ• ”‡ƒ† „‡–™‡‡ ‘‡ ƒ† –™‘ Š‘—”• ƒ ™‡‡  á trst ä ‹”…—Žƒ–‹‘ ƒ† †‹•–”‹„—–‹‘†ƒ–ƒ’”‘˜‹†‡†„›–Š‡‡†‹ƒƒ”‡‘–…‘’Ž‡–‡Ž›”‡Ž‹ƒ„Ž‡á •‹…‡ ‘•– ‘ˆ –Š‡ …‘’ƒ‹‡• †‡†‹…ƒ–‡† –‘ –Š‡ ’”‡••á ’”‘˜‹†‡ –Š‡‹” ƒ†˜‡”–‹•‡”• ™‹–ŠŠ‹‰Š‡”…‹”…—Žƒ–‹‘ˆ‹‰—”‡• ‘”†ƒƒ†ƒ…Šƒƒátrr{ ä‘– •—”’”‹æ •‹‰Ž›á ‘‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ Ž‡‰ƒŽ †—–‹‡• ‘ˆ –Š‡ —’‡”‹–‡†‡– ‘ˆ ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘‹•–‘‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Šƒ•›•–‡‘ˆ‡ƒ•—”‹‰–Š‡†‹ˆˆ—•‹‘‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒä ‡

3XEOLFPHGLD

Š‡ ’—„Ž‹… ‡†‹ƒ ƒ”‡ ”‡‰—Žƒ–‡† ‹ ”–‹…Ž‡• yz –‘ zu ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘• ƒ™á ™Š‹…Š •–ƒ–‡• ƒ‘‰ ‹–• ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‡• ò–‘ ’”‘†—…‡ ƒ† †‹••‡‹ƒ–‡ …‘æ



–‡–• –Šƒ– ’”‘‘–‡ –Š‡ ”‡…‘‰‹–‹‘ ‘ˆ Š—ƒ ”‹‰Š–•á ‘ˆ ƒŽŽ ’”‹‘”‹–› ‰”‘—’• ƒ†ƒ–—”‡â –‘ ’”‘˜‹†‡ ’—„Ž‹…á ‘ˆ –”—–Šˆ—Ž ”‡Ž‡˜ƒ…‡á ˜‡”‹ˆ‹‡†á –‹‡Ž›á…‘–‡šæ –—ƒŽ‹•‡†‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘•‡”˜‹…‡•á™‹–Š”‡•’‡…––‘–Š‡’”‹…‹’Ž‡•‘ˆ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ‹†‡’‡†‡…‡ ƒ† ’Ž—”ƒŽ‹•â –‘ ˆƒ…‹Ž‹–ƒ–‡ †‡‘…”ƒ–‹… †‡„ƒ–‡ ƒ† ˆ”‡‡ ‡š’”‡••‹‘ ‘ˆ ‘’‹‹‘•â –‘ ’”‘‘–‡ ‰‡†‡” ‡“—ƒŽ‹–› ƒ† —Ž–‹…—Ž–—”ƒŽ‹•â –‘‡…‘—”ƒ‰‡–Š‡‡š…Šƒ‰‡‘ˆ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ƒ†—–—ƒŽ—†‡”•–ƒ†‹‰„‡–™‡‡ –Š‡’‡‘’Ž‡•‘ˆƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒƒ†–Š‡™‘”Ž†â–‘’”‘‘–‡ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ’”‘†—…–‹‘ ƒ† †‹••‡‹ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ƒ—†‹‘昋•—ƒŽ …‘–‡–•â –‘ ˆ‹† ƒ† ‹’Ž‡‡– ‡…Šƒ‹•• ˆ‘” …‘‘’‡”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† Ž‹ƒ‹•‘ ™‹–Š ’—„Ž‹… ‡†‹ƒ ƒ– ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ƒ† ‹–‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ Ž‡˜‡Ž•â –‘ ‹’Ž‡‡– •’ƒ…‡• ˆ‘” –Š‡ ’”‘‘–‹‘ ‘ˆ ’”‘†—…–‹˜‡ ƒ…–‹˜‹–‹‡• ‹ –Š‡ …‘—–”› ƒ† ’”‘˜‹†‡ ‡†—…ƒ–‹‘ƒŽá …—Ž–—”ƒŽá ”‡…”‡ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ƒ† ‡–‡”–ƒ‹‡–…‘–‡–•–Šƒ–…‘–”‹„—–‡–‘‰‘‘†Ž‹˜‹‰óä ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ –Š‡ ƒ”–‹…Ž‡• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒ™á –Š‡ ’—„Ž‹… ‡†‹ƒ ƒ”‡ „‘” „› †‡æ …”‡‡á‘”†‹ƒ…‡‘””‡•‘Ž—–‹‘ƒ†–Š‡‹”•–”—…–—”‡‹•ˆ‘”‡†„›ƒ ‡†‹–‘”‹ƒŽ „‘ƒ”† ƒ† …‹–› …‘—…‹Ž ‡š…‡’– –Š‡ …ƒ•‡ ‘ˆ ‘ˆˆ‹…‹ƒŽ ‘‡• ä Š‡› ˆ‘”ƒŽŽ› ‡Œ‘›‡†‹–‘”‹ƒŽƒ—–‘‘›ƒ†ƒ‘‰–Š‡‹”‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‡•‹•–Š‡ †‹••‡‹ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ…‘–‡–•–Šƒ–’”‘‘–‡”‡•’‡…–ˆ‘”Š—ƒ”‹‰Š–•á–‘–”ƒ•‹– ƒ……—”ƒ–‡á –‹‡Ž›ƒ†…‘–‡š–—ƒŽ’—„Ž‹…‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘á–‘ˆƒ…‹Ž‹–ƒ–‡†‡‘…”ƒ–‹… †‡„ƒ–‡á –Š‡ ‰‡†‡” ‡“—ƒŽ‹–›á –Š‡ ‡š…Šƒ‰‡ ‘ˆ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ‘™Ž‡†‰‡á –‘ •–‹æ —Žƒ–‡†‘‡•–‹…’”‘†—…–‹‘ƒ†–‘ƒ†˜‘…ƒ–‡ˆ‘”‡†—…ƒ–‹‘ƒŽá…—Ž–—”ƒŽ ƒ† ”‡…”‡ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ…‘–‡–•ä —†‹‰ ˆ‘” ’—„Ž‹… ‡†‹ƒ ‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘” ™‹–Š –Š‡ ‡š…‡’–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‘ˆˆ‹…‹ƒŽ ’—„Ž‹… ‡†‹ƒ  …‘‡• ˆ”‘ –Š‡ „—†‰‡–• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘ ‹–•‡Žˆá ‹ ƒ††‹–‹‘ –‘ ƒ†æ ˜‡”–‹•‹‰áƒ”‡–‹‰‘ˆ–Š‡‹”’”‘†—…–•ƒ††‘ƒ–‹‘•ä ‹–Š‹–Š‡’—„Ž‹…‡†‹ƒá–Š‡‡š‹•–‡…‡‘ˆ–Š‡’—„Ž‹…‘ˆˆ‹…‹ƒŽ‡†‹ƒá”‡•’‘æ •‹„Ž‡ ˆ‘”†‹••‡‹ƒ–‹‰ –Š‡‘ˆˆ‹…‹ƒŽ’‘•‹–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡–ƒ–‡ ƒ† ƒ—–‘‘‘—•

‘˜‡”‡–•á‹•…‘–‡’Žƒ–‡†äŽ‹—†ƒ†ƒ‘ƒ†á‡Ž˜‡”†ƒ†‡”‘ƒ”‡ ”‡æ …‘‰‹•‡†ƒ•‘ˆˆ‹…‹ƒŽ‡†‹ƒäŠ‡ˆ—†‹‰‘ˆ–Š‡•‡‡†‹ƒ…‘‡•ˆ”‘–Š‡„—æ †‰‡–•‘ˆ–Š‡”‘Ž‡‘ˆ–Š‡–ƒ–‡‘”–Š‡ƒ—–‘‘‘—•†‡…‡–”ƒŽ‹•‡†‰‘˜‡”‡– –Šƒ–…”‡ƒ–‡•‹–ዐƒ††‹–‹‘–‘•‡ŽŽ‹‰ƒ†˜‡”–‹•‹‰–‘’—„Ž‹…‹•–‹–—–‹‘•ä •’‡…‹ƒŽŽ› •‹‰‹ˆ‹…ƒ–á ‹• –Š‡ ‘””‡ƒ ‰‘˜‡”‡– …”‡ƒ–‡†á ˆ‘” –Š‡ ˆ‹”•– –‹‡á ’—„Ž‹… ‡†‹ƒ ‹ …—ƒ†‘”ä Š‡ ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰ –ƒ„Ž‡ Ž‹•–• –Š‡ ‘ˆˆ‹…‹ƒŽ ’—„Ž‹… ‡†‹ƒ ‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘”ä



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2IILFLDOPHGLD JRYHUQPHQWDO

 –Š‡ –›’‘Ž‘‰› ‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡† „› Žƒ™á ™‹–Š‹ –Š‡ ’—„Ž‹… ‡†‹ƒá –Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡ –Š‡ ‘ˆˆ‹…‹ƒŽ ‡†‹ƒá ”‡•’‘•‹„Ž‡ ˆ‘” –”ƒ•‹––‹‰ –Š‡ ™‘” ƒ† ƒ…–‹‘• ‘ˆ –Š‡

‘˜‡”‡–ã ¿ Ž ‹—†ƒ†ƒ‘ã ˆ‘”–‹‰Š–Ž› ‡™•’ƒ’‡” ™‹–Š ƒ …‹”…—Žƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ strárrr …‘’‹‡•‹tts…‘—–‹‡•‘ˆtv’”‘˜‹…‡•ä ¿ Ž ‹—†ƒ†ƒ‘ á Ž ‹—†ƒ†ƒ‘ ™‡„á Ž ‹—†ƒ†ƒ‘ ƒ†‹‘á ƒ ‹—†ƒæ †ƒƒãƒ—†‹‘˜‹•—ƒŽˆ‘”ƒ–•‘ˆ–Š‡‘ˆˆ‹…‹ƒŽ‡™•’ƒ’‡”ä ¿ Ž ‘„‹‡”‘ ƒ •—• ƒ†ƒ–‡•ã ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ …Šƒ‡Ž ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘• ‡…”‡–ƒ”‹ƒ– ”‡•’‘•‹„Ž‡ ˆ‘” –”ƒ•‹––‹‰ –Š‡ ƒ…–‹˜‹–‹‡•‘ˆ–Š‡”‡•‹†‡–ƒ†‘–Š‡”’—„Ž‹…‡–‹–‹‡•ä ¿ Žƒ…‡ …‹—†ƒ†ƒ‘ä ‘’—Žƒ”Ž› ‘™ ƒ• ƒ •ƒ„ƒ–‹ƒ ƒ–—”†ƒ› á ‹• –Š‡ ™‡‡Ž› ƒ……‘—–ƒ„‹Ž‹–› ’”‘‰”ƒ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”‡•‹†‡– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡’—„Ž‹…á ™Š‹…Š –ƒ‡• ƒ• ‹–• ‹•’‹”ƒ–‹‘ –Š‡ ‘Ž† Ž×á ”‡•‹†‡–‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ˆ‘”‡” ‡‡œ—‡Žƒ ”‡•‹†‡– —‰‘ Šž˜‡œä – ‹• Š‡Ž† ‡˜‡”› ƒæ–—”†ƒ›‹ƒ†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–…‹–›‹…—ƒ†‘”—•—ƒŽŽ›‹’—„Ž‹… ’Žƒ…‡•ƒ† ƒŽ™ƒ›• ‹ ˆ”‘– ‘ˆ ƒ Ž‹˜‡ ƒ—†‹‡…‡  ƒ† –”ƒ•‹••‹‘ ‹•”‡“—‹”‡† ˆ‘”ƒŽŽ’—„Ž‹…–‡Ž‡˜‹•‹‘ƒ†”ƒ†‹‘…Šƒ‡Ž•ä



¿ ƒ„Žƒ…—ƒ†‘”䈈‹…‹ƒŽ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘…Šƒ‡Ž‘ˆŽ‘…ƒŽƒ—–Š‘”‹–‹‡•ä ‡

3ULYDWHPHGLD

”‹˜ƒ–‡ ‡†‹ƒ ƒ”‡ ”‡‰—Žƒ–‡† „› –Š‡ ”–‹…Ž‡ zv ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘• ƒ™á ™Š‹…Š†‡ˆ‹‡•–Š‡ƒ•–Š‘•‡òƒ–—”ƒŽ‘”Ž‡‰ƒŽ’‡”•‘•‘ˆ’”‹˜ƒ–‡Žƒ™‘”‘æ ’”‘ˆ‹–á ™Š‘•‡ ’—”’‘•‡ ‹• –Š‡ ’”‘˜‹•‹‘ ‘ˆ ’—„Ž‹… …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ •‡”˜‹…‡• ™‹–Š•‘…‹ƒŽ”‡•’‘•‹„‹Ž‹–›óä  –‡Ž‡˜‹•‹‘á •‘‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒ‹ …Šƒ‡Ž• ƒ”‡  ‡Ž‡˜‹•‹×á ƒƒ  •‡‹æ œ‡† „› –Š‡ –ƒ–‡á –Š‡ ˆ”‡“—‡…‹‡• ƒ”‡ ‘– ”‡†‹•–”‹„—–‡† ›‡– xtá á  ƒ† ”‘ƒ”჏‘‰ ‘–Š‡”•ä  ”ƒ†‹‘á –Š‡ ƒ‹ ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ „”‘ƒ†…ƒ•–‡”• ƒ”‡ ±”‹…ƒá ƒ””—•‡Žá —…”‡ ‘” ƒ”ƒ˜ƒƒáƒ‘‰‘–Š‡”•ä Š‡’”‹–Šƒ•Ž‘‡”…‹‘᎐‹˜‡”•‘‘”š’”‡•‘ƒ‘‰‹–•ƒ‹ ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ Š‡ƒ†‡”•áƒˆ–‡”–Š‡†‹•ƒ’’‡ƒ”ƒ…‡‹trsv‘ˆ–Š‡‡™•’ƒ’‡”‘›‹ —‡–Š‡ ’ƒ’‡”˜‡”•‹‘ƒ†ƒŽ•‘–Š‡†‹‰‹–ƒŽ˜‡”•‹‘‹—‰—•– ä ‡

&RPPXQLW\PHGLD

‘—‹–› ‡†‹ƒ ƒ”‡”‡‰—Žƒ–‡† „› ”–‹…Ž‡zw ‘ˆ –Š‡  zw –‘ zy á ™Š‡”‡ –Š‡› ƒ”‡ †‡ˆ‹‡† ƒ• ò–Š‘•‡ ™Š‘•‡ ‘™‡”•Š‹’á ƒƒ‰‡‡– ƒ† †‹”‡…–‹‘ …‘””‡•’‘† –‘ •‘…‹ƒŽ ‰”‘—’• ‘” ‘æ’”‘ˆ‹– ‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘•á –‘ …‘—‡•á …‘—‹–‹‡•á ƒ–‹‘• ƒ† ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‹–‹‡•óä Š‡ ’—”’‘•‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡•‡ ‡†‹ƒ ‹• –‘ ’”‘‘–‡ ’Ž—”ƒŽ‹–›á †‹˜‡”•‹–›á —Ž–‹…—Ž–—”ƒŽ‹• ƒ† —Ž–‹æƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‹–› –Š”‘—‰Š ‡†—…ƒ–‹‘ƒŽƒ†…—Ž–—”ƒŽ…‘–‡–•ä ‘ƒ…Š‹‡˜‡–Š‹•‰‘ƒŽá–Š‡–ƒ–‡—•–’”‘‘–‡’—„Ž‹…’‘Ž‹…‹‡•ˆ‘”–Š‡…”‡ƒ–‹‘ ƒ†•–”‡‰–Š‡‹‰‘ˆ…‘—‹–›‡†‹ƒá–Š”‘—‰Š‡ƒ•‡‘ˆƒ……‡••–‘’”‡ˆ‡æ ”‡–‹ƒŽ Ž‘ƒ• ˆ‘” –”ƒ‹‹‰ ƒ† ‡“—‹’‡– ’—”…Šƒ•‡• á –ƒš „”‡ƒ•á ƒ……‡•• –‘–”ƒ‹‹‰™‘”‡”•á‡–…䊇ˆ‹ƒ…‹ƒŽ‡ƒ•ˆ‘”…‘—‹–›‡†‹ƒ …‘‡ ˆ”‘–Š‡‹”‘™•‡”˜‹…‡•ƒ†’”‘†—…–•áƒ†˜‡”–‹•‹‰á†‘ƒ–‹‘•ƒ† …‘‘’‡æ ”ƒ–‹‘ˆ—†•ä —””‡–Ž›áƒ•‘–‡†‹’”‡˜‹‘—••‡…–‹‘•á…‘—‹–›‡†‹ƒ„ƒ”‡Ž›”‡ƒ…Šu¨‘ˆ –Š‡”ƒ†‹‘•’‡…–”—á„‡‹‰‘•–Ž‘…ƒŽ‡†‹ƒáƒ‹Ž›”ƒ†‹‘•–ƒ–‹‘•ä‡‘ˆ–Š‡ ‘•– ‹’‘”–ƒ– ’”‘Œ‡…–• ‹• –Š‡ ™‘” „‡‹‰ †‘‡ „› –Š‡ ‘‘”†‹ƒ–‘” ‘ˆ ‘—‹–›á —„Ž‹… ƒ† ”‹˜ƒ–‡ ‘…ƒŽ ‡†‹ƒ ‡–™‘”  á ™Š‹…Š Šƒ• „‡‡†‡˜‡Ž‘’‹‰‹–•ƒ…–‹˜‹–›•‹…‡s{{rᙋ–Švw”ƒ†‹‘•ƒ†ƒ’”‡•‡…‡‹ts



‘ˆ–Š‡tt’”‘˜‹…‡•‘ˆ…—ƒ†‘”ä •‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡†„›Žƒ™á–Šƒ–u¨—•–„‡…‘‡uv¨‘ˆ–Š‡•’‡…–”—á™Š‹…Š‹• ’”‡•‡–‡† ƒ•ƒŽ‘‰ƒ†™‹†‹‰”‘ƒ†äŠ‡ˆ‹”•–†‹ˆˆ‹…—Ž–› –‘”‡˜‡”•‡–Š‹• •‹–—ƒ–‹‘ Ž‹‡•‹–Š‡’”‘…‡••‘ˆ…”‡ƒ–‹‰ …‘—‹–› ‡†‹ƒ ‹‡••‡…‡ä ‘ •–ƒ”––Š‹•’”‘…‡••á–Š‡ƒ’’Ž‹…ƒ–‹‘–‘…”‡ƒ–‡ƒ…‘—‹–›‡†‹——•– „‡ ƒ……‘’ƒ‹‡† „› ƒ ’”‘’‘•ƒŽ ˆ‘” ’”‘‰”ƒ‹‰ ƒ† ƒ ’”‘ˆ‹–ƒ„‹Ž‹–› ”‡’‘”–á ™Š‹…Š ‹• ‹…‘•‹•–‡– ™‹–Š –Š‡ ‘„Œ‡…– ‘ˆ –Š‡•‡ ‡†‹ƒá ‘æ’”‘ˆ‹–ä  –Š‡ ‘–Š‡”Šƒ†á–Š‡•‡…‘†‹–‹‘•’Žƒ…‡…‘—‹–›‡†‹ƒ‹–Š‡•ƒ‡•‹–—ƒ–‹‘ ƒ•’”‹˜ƒ–‡‡†‹ƒá™Š‹…Š‡ƒ•…‘—‹–›‡†‹ƒŠƒ•ƒ †‹•ƒ†˜ƒ–ƒ‰‡‘—• ’‘•‹–‹‘†‹ˆˆ‹…—Ž––‘•‘Ž˜‡‹ˆ•’‡…‹ƒŽ…‘†‹–‹‘•ƒ”‡‘–’”‘’‘•‡†ˆ‘”–Š‡ä

 7KH&RPPXQLFDWLRQV/DZ/2& RI (FXDGRU –‹Ž –Š‡ ƒ””‹˜ƒŽ –‘ ‘˜‡”‡– ‘ˆ ƒˆƒ‡Ž ‘””‡ƒ Ž‹ƒœƒ ƒÀ•xu á Œ‘—”ƒæ Ž‹• ‹ …—ƒ†‘” Šƒ† „‡‡ ‰‘˜‡”‡† „› –Š‡ Žƒ™ ‘ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ’”ƒ…–‹…‡ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•‘ˆs{ywᙊ‹…Š”‡“—‹”‡†–Š‡…‡”–‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘ƒ†Ž‹…‡•‹‰ä trrvá„› …‹–‹œ‡ ‹‹–‹ƒ–‹˜‡•á –Š‡ ”‰ƒ‹… ƒ™ ‘ˆ ”ƒ•’ƒ”‡…› ƒ† ……‡•• –‘ —„Ž‹… ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘    ™ƒ• ƒ’’”‘˜‡†á ƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š ‹–• ‹’Ž‡‡–ƒ–‹‘ Šƒ• ‘– „‡‡ƒ•‡ˆˆ‹…‹‡–ƒ•‡š’‡…–‡†ä trrz–Š‡‡™‘•–‹–—–‹‘™ƒ•ƒ’’”‘˜‡†á ƒ† ‹– ”‡…‘‰‹•‡† –Š‡ ƒ……‡•• –‘ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ”‹‰Š–• ƒ† ˆ”‡‡†‘‘ˆ‡š’”‡••‹‘ä ”‘–Šƒ–‘‡–á–Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡–‰ƒ˜‡ƒ’‡”‹‘†‘ˆ‘‡›‡ƒ” –‘ ’ƒ•• ƒ ƒ™ ‘ ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘•â –Š‡ ’”‘Œ‡…– ™ƒ• †‹•…—••‡† ƒ– –Š‡ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ••‡„Ž› •‹…‡ ‘˜‡„‡” tsá trr{ —–‹Ž ‹–• ƒ’’”‘˜ƒŽ ‘ —‡ twá trsuá „—– ‹ ƒ ‹–‡””—’–‡†™ƒ›ƒ†™‹–Š†‹•…”‡’ƒ…‹‡•ä ‡…‡„‡”trr{á–Š‡’”‘Œ‡…–™ƒ••—„‹––‡†–‘ƒ‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡ æ –‡”揇”‹…ƒ‘‹••‹‘‘—ƒ‹‰Š–•  ƒ––Š‡”‡“—‡•–‘ˆ –Š‡

‘˜‡”‡–䊗•á…‘•‡•—•™ƒ•ƒ…Š‹‡˜‡†–‘‡š…Ž—†‡ƒ›†‹”‡…– …‡•‘”æ •Š‹’ä trsr჈‹”•–†‹•…—••‹‘‘……—”‡†ƒ†á–Š‡”‡ƒˆ–‡”á–Š‡’”‘…‡•••–ƒŽŽ‡†á ‹…Ž—†‹‰–Š‡”‡•‹‰ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ‡––›ƒ””‹ŽŽ‘á’”‡•‹†‡–‘ˆ–Š‡ ƒ”Ž‹ƒ‡–ƒ”› ‘‹••‹‘Š‡…ƒá trst„ ä  –Š‡ ƒ„•‡…‡ ‘ˆ …‘•‡•—• ˆ‘” –Š‡ ‡™ Žƒ™ ‘ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘•á ‘””‡ƒ †‡…‹†‡† –‘ ‹…‘”’‘”ƒ–‡ •‘‡ “—‡•–‹‘• ”‡Žƒ–‡† –‘ –Š‹• ’”‘Œ‡…– ‹ –Š‡ …‘•æ –‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ ”‡ˆ‡”‡†— ƒ† –Š‡ ’‘’—Žƒ” …‘•—Ž–ƒ–‹‘ Š‡Ž† ‘ ƒ› yá trss ƒ –‘–ƒŽ‘ˆsr“—‡•–‹‘• 䊇“—‡•–‹‘™ƒ•’‘•‡†ƒ• ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™•ã ‘›‘—ƒ‰”‡‡™‹–Š–Š‡ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ••‡„Ž›á™‹–Š‘—–†‡Žƒ›™‹–Š‹–Š‡’‡”‹‘† •’‡…‹ˆ‹‡†‹–Š‡”‰ƒ‹…ƒ™‘ˆ–Š‡‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹˜‡”ƒ…Šá‹••—‡•ƒŽƒ™‘‘æ



†‹•…”‡–‹‘ƒ”› •ƒ…–‹‘• ”‡‰‹‡á †  …”‡ƒ–‹‰ ƒ „”‘ƒ† ƒ† †‹ˆˆ—•‡ ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ›•–‡á ‡  ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ‘—…‹Ž ‘ˆ ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ‘—‹æ …ƒ–‹‘ Šƒ• –Š‡ ’‘™‡” –‘ ’—‹•Š ƒ† ‡˜‡ …Ž‘•‡ ‡†‹ƒá ƒ† ˆ  ”‡‰‹•–”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‡†‹ƒ –Šƒ– ƒ…–• ƒ• ƒ ’”‡˜‹‘—• ‘’‡”ƒ–‹‰ Ž‹…‡•‡ä  ƒ ƒƒŽ›•‹• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ˆ‹ƒŽ –‡š– ƒ’’”‘˜‡† „› –Š‡ ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ••‡„Ž›á ƒŒ‘” ƒ†…‘–”‘˜‡”•‹ƒŽ ’‘‹–•–Šƒ–‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘•ƒ™‹ˆ‘”…‡‹…—ƒ†‘”•‹…‡ trsu…ƒ„‡•—ƒ”‹•‡†ƒ• ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™•ã  5HGLVWULEXWLRQRIUDGLRVSHFWUXP$UW ‘–‹—‹‰–Š‡Ž‹‡–ƒ‡„› ‘–Š‡”…‘—–”‹‡•‹ƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒá…—ƒ†‘”‹•…‘‹––‡†–‘ƒ”‡†‹•–”‹„—–‹‘ ‘ˆˆ”‡“—‡…‹‡•–Šƒ–’”‘‘–‡•…‘—‹–›ƒ†’—„Ž‹…‡†‹ƒ‘‡š‹•–‡–‹ …—ƒ†‘” —–‹Ž trrz á –‘ –Š‡ †‡–”‹‡– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ ‡†‹ƒá —’ –‘‘™ ‘™‡”•‘ˆ‘”‡–Šƒ{r¨‘ˆ”ƒ†‹‘ˆ”‡“—‡…‹‡•áƒ……‘”†‹‰–‘†ƒ–ƒˆ”‘–Š‡ ƒ—†‹–ˆ”‡“—‡…›†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡†„›–Š‡…‘‹––‡‡‹–Š‡ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‘—…‹Ž‘ˆ”ƒ†‹‘ ƒ† ‡Ž‡˜‹•‹‘ ‘ƒ”–‡Ž ä ‡†‹•–”‹„—–‹‘ •‡– „› Žƒ™ ™‹ŽŽ Šƒ˜‡ –‘ ˆ‹‹•Š ƒ• ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™•ãuu¨‘ˆ–Š‡•’‡…–”—–‘’”‹˜ƒ–‡‡†‹ƒáuu¨ˆ‘”’—„Ž‹…‡†‹ƒƒ†uv¨ ‘ˆ–Š‡•’‡…–”—ˆ‘”…‘—‹–›‡†‹ƒäŠ‹•‹•á—†‘—„–‡†Ž›á‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡ ‰”‡ƒ– …ŠƒŽŽ‡‰‡• ‘ˆ –Š‡ „‘†‹‡• ”‡•’‘•‹„Ž‡ ˆ‘” …ƒ””›‹‰ ”‡†‹•–”‹„—–‹‘á”‡˜‡”•‹‰ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ƒ’ ˆ‘” ƒ ’ƒ”– ‘ˆ –Š‡ {r¨ ‘ˆ ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ ‡†‹ƒ ˆƒ‹Ž –‘ ’‡”ˆ‘” ƒ† ›‹‡Ž† •’ƒ…‡ –‘ …‘—‹–› ‡†‹ƒá –Šƒ– Œ—•– Šƒ˜‡ ƒ ’”‡•‡…‡ ‘ˆ u¨‹…Ž—†‹‰ ’”‹– ‡†‹ƒ ä  ‘”†‡” –‘ ƒ‡ ‹–á ”–ä srx •–ƒ–‡• –Šƒ– ò‹– ™‹ŽŽ „‡‰”ƒ†—ƒŽŽ› ƒ…Š‹‡˜‡† ƒ† ƒ‹Ž› ˆ‘”‡† „› ƒ••‹‰‹‰ –Š‡ •–‹ŽŽ ƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡ ˆ”‡“—‡…‹‡•â ”‡˜‡”•‹‘ ˆ”‡“—‡…› ˆ‘” „”‡ƒ…Š ‘ˆ –‡…Š‹…ƒŽ ”—Ž‡•á Ž‡‰ƒŽ ˆ‘” –Š‡‹”‘’‡”ƒ–‹‘ ‘” ’—”’‘•‡• ˆ‘” ™Š‹…Š –Š‡› ™‡”‡ …‘…‡••‹‘‡† ƒ† –Š‡‹” •—„•‡“—‡– ”‡†‹•–”‹„—–‹‘â ƒ† –Š‡ ˆ”‡“—‡…‹‡• †‹•–”‹„—–‹‘ –Šƒ– ”‡–—” –‘ –Š‡–ƒ–‡ ƒ• ’”‘˜‹†‡† „› Žƒ™ ƒ† –Š‡ ‡“—‹–ƒ„Ž‡ †‹•–”‹„—–‹‘ ‘ˆ ˆ”‡“—‡…‹‡• ƒ†•‹‰ƒŽ• –Šƒ–™‹ŽŽƒŽŽ‘™–Š‡†‹‰‹–ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ”ƒ†‹‘ƒ†–‡Ž‡˜‹•‹‘–”ƒ•‹••‹‘•›•–‡•ä  ƒŽŽ –Š‡•‡ …ƒ•‡•á –Š‡ †‹•–”‹„—–‹‘ ‘ˆ ˆ”‡“—‡…‹‡• ƒ† •‹‰ƒŽ•™‹ŽŽ’”‹‘”‹–‹•‡ –Š‡…‘—‹–›•‡…–‘”–‘‡•—”‡–Š‡‡“—‹–ƒ„Ž‡†‹•–”‹„—–‹‘‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡† ‹ –Š‹• ƒ”–‹…Ž‡óä ‘™‡˜‡”á –Š‡ ˆƒ…– ‹• –Šƒ– ‘”‡ –Šƒ –™‘ ›‡ƒ”•Žƒ–‡” –Š‡ ‡–”› ‹–‘ ˆ‘”…‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘• ƒ™á –Š‡ ‡™ †‹•–”‹„—–‹‘‘ˆ ˆ”‡“—‡…‹‡• –‘ …‘—‹–› ‡†‹ƒŠƒ• „‡‡ ’”ƒ…–‹…ƒŽŽ› œ‡”‘á ƒ† ‡†‹ƒ•‡‹œ‡†–‘†ƒ–‡”‡ƒ‹ ‹–ƒ–‡Šƒ†•ä  ”‡ƒ–‹‰”‡‰—Žƒ–‘”›„‘†‹‡•”–äz}–‘”–ä{ ㊇‰‹˜‡•”‹•‡–‘ –Š‡ ‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘ƒ†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–‘ˆ ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ƒ†‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ‘—…‹Ž   ƒ†–Š‡—’‡”‹–‡†‡…›‘ˆ ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ƒ†‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘  á–Š‡Žƒ––‡”‡˜‡‘”‡…‘–”‘˜‡”•‹ƒŽ–Šƒ–Š‡ˆ‹”•–䊇 æ



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•ƒ‡…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹…•á†‹‡•‹‘•á•’ƒ…‡ –‹‡ƒ†•‡…–‹‘™Š‡”‡–Š‡ ‹…‘æ ””‡…–‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘™ƒ•’—„Ž‹•Š‡†äŠƒ–•ƒ‡yt抑—”†‡ƒ†Ž‹‡–‘ ‡š‡”…‹•‡ –Š‡‹””‹‰Š–‘ˆ”‡’Ž›‹•ƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡–‘‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ•‘”‰”‘—’•–Šƒ–…‘•‹†‡”–Š‡‹” ”‹‰Š–•–‘†‹‰‹–›áŠ‘‘—”‘””‡’—–ƒ–‹‘–‘Šƒ˜‡„‡‡ ƒˆˆ‡…–‡†ä  'HIHQFH &RXQVHO RI $XGLHQFHV –ä yu ã ˆ‹‰—”‡ …”‡ƒ–‡† –‘ †‡ˆ‡† –Š‡ ‹æ –‡”‡•–•‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ—†‹‡…‡•ƒ†”‡ƒ†‡”•–Šƒ–ƒŽŽƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‡†‹ƒ•Š‘—Ž†Šƒ˜‡á’”‹‘” ƒ’’‘‹–‡– „› –Š‡ ‘—…‹Ž ‘ˆ ‹–‹œ‡ ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ‘…‹ƒŽ ‘–”‘ŽäŠ‡ †‡ˆ‡…‡ …‘—•‡Ž ‘ˆ ƒ—†‹‡…‡• •Š‘—Ž† –ƒ‡ ‘ˆˆ‹…‡ ‹ ƒ—ƒ”› trswá „—–‘Ž› ‹ –Š‡ Žƒ•– “—ƒ”–‡” ‘ˆ trsv –Š‡ ”‡“—‹”‡‡–•á ”‡•’‘•‹„‹Ž‹–‹‡•á •ƒŽƒ”›á †‡’‡†‡…›”ƒ–‹‘ᇖ…ᄇ‰ƒ–‘„‡†‹•…—••‡†ä …–‘„‡”trsvá–Š‡‘—…‹Žˆ‘” –Š‡ ‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– ‘ˆ ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ƒ’’”‘˜‡† –Š‡ ”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘• ˆ‘” –Š‹• ˆ‹‰—”‡á Š‘™‡˜‡” •‘‡ ‹’‘”–ƒ– ƒ•’‡…–• ‘ˆ ”‡“—‹”‡‡–• ˆ‘” –Š‡ •‡Ž‡…–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ †‡ˆ‡…‡ …‘—…‹Ž ‘ˆ ƒ—†‹‡…‡• ƒ† ”‡ƒ†‡”• ”‡ƒ‹‡† —…Ž‡ƒ”ä Šƒ– •ƒ‡ ‘–Šá   ‹••—‡† ƒ ”‡’‘”– ‹†‹…ƒ–‹‰ –Šƒ– –Š‡ xs ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ‡†‹ƒ •Š‘—Ž† Šƒ˜‡ ƒ †‡ˆ‡…‡ …‘—•‡Ž ‘ˆ ƒ—†‹‡…‡•äŠ‡ …Š‘‹…‡ ‘ˆ –Š‹• ’‡”•‘á ƒ• ‹• ‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡† „› Žƒ™á —•– „‡ „› ’—„Ž‹…–‡†‡”ä • ‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡† „› –Š‡ …‘””‡•’‘†‹‰ ”‡•‘Ž—–‹‘ ‘ˆ  á –Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡ xs ‡†‹ƒ ‘ˆ ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”ã uv ”ƒ†‹‘•á tr –‡Ž‡˜‹•‹‘ …Šƒ‡Ž• ƒ† y ’”‹– ‡†‹ƒä ‘” •—…Š ‹†‡–‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘á –Š‡ ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ‡†‹ƒ ™‹–Š …‘˜‡”ƒ‰‡ ‘˜‡” ur¨ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ …‘—–”› …‘˜‡”‹‰á ƒ– Ž‡ƒ•–á –™‘ ”‡‰‹‘•á ƒ† –Š‘•‡ ™‹–Š ‘”‡ –Šƒ x ”‡’‡ƒ–‡”• ƒ—†‹‘˜‹•—ƒŽ  ™‡”‡ …‘•‹†‡”‡†ä  –Š‡ …ƒ•‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡”ƒ†‹‘•–ƒ–‹‘•á–Š‘•‡™‹–Š’‡”ƒ‡–‡–™‘”•‘ˆá ƒ†•Š‘”–™ƒ˜‡ ™‡”‡…‘—–‡†ä ‘”’”‹–‡†‹ƒá–Š‡ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‡†‹ƒ™‹–Š”‡‰‹‘ƒŽ‡†‹–‹‘•á –Š‡ †ƒ‹Ž› ’ƒ’‡”• ‘ˆ ƒ ƒ˜‡”ƒ‰‡ ‘ˆ ‘”‡ –Šƒ zárrr ’”‹– ”—• ƒ†™‹–Š…‘˜‡”ƒ‰‡ ‘ˆ‘”‡–Šƒur¨‘ˆ–Š‡’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘™‡”‡–ƒ‡‹–‘ƒ……‘—–ä  ƒ”…Š trsw –Š‡”‡ ™‡”‡ ‘– •‡Ž‡…–‡† ›‡– ƒ› †‡ˆ‡…‡ …‘—•‡Ž ‘ˆ ƒ—†‹‡…‡• ƒ†  ƒ…‘™Ž‡†‰‡†–Š‡†‹ˆˆ‹…—Ž–‹‡•‹–Š‡’”‘…‡••ä  0HGLD O\QFKLQJ ”–ä tx ã – ‹• ‘‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ „‹‰‰‡•– …‘–”‘˜‡”•‹‡• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘• ƒ™á ™Š‹…Š Š‘™‡˜‡” ‹• ‘—–•‹†‡ –Š‡•—„•‡“—‡–”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘ ‹’Ž‡‡–‹‰ –Š‡ Žƒ™  ƒ—ƒ”› trsv ä – ’”‘Š‹„‹–• –Š‡ †‹••‡‹ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ –Šƒ– ò†‹”‡…–Ž› ‘” –Š”‘—‰Š –Š‹”† ’ƒ”–‹‡•á ‹• ’”‘†—…‡† ‹ …‘…‡”– ƒ† ’—„Ž‹•Š‡† ”‡’‡–‹–‹˜‡Ž› ˜‹ƒ ‘‡ ‘” ‘”‡ ‡†‹ƒ ‹ ‘”†‡” –‘ †‹•…”‡†‹– ƒ ƒ–—”ƒŽ ‘” Ž‡‰ƒŽ ’‡”•‘ ‘” –‘ ”‡†—…‡ ‹–• ’—„Ž‹… …”‡†‹„‹Ž‹–›óä  3URIHVVLRQDOLVDWLRQ RI MRXUQDOLVP ”–ä vt –‘ vv ã Š‡  •–ƒ–‡• –Šƒ–



ò’‡”ƒ‡–Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹…ƒ…–‹˜‹–‹‡•…‘†—…–‡†‹–Š‡‡†‹ƒáƒ–ƒ›Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘” ’‘•‹–‹‘á—•–„‡’‡”ˆ‘”‡†„›’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ•‹Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•‘” …‘—‹æ …ƒ–‹‘á‡š…‡’–ˆ‘”–Š‘•‡™Š‘Šƒ˜‡•’ƒ…‡•‘ˆ‘’‹‹‘ƒ†’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ• ‘” ‡š’‡”–•ˆ”‘‘–Š‡”„”ƒ…Š‡•–Šƒ–ƒ‹–ƒ‹•’‡…‹ƒŽ‹•‡†’”‘‰”ƒ•‘”…‘Ž—æ •ó”–ävt 䊋•”‡“—‹”‡‡–†‘‡•‘–ƒˆˆ‡…–ኑ™‡˜‡”á’‡‘’Ž‡™Š‘™‘” ‹Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡•‘ˆ‹†‹‰‡‘—•ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‹–‹‡•‘”’‡‘’Ž‡•ä Š‡–”ƒ•‹–‹‘ƒŽƒ””ƒ‰‡‡–sx•‡–•ƒ’‡”‹‘†‘ˆ•‹š›‡ƒ”•–‘‡‡––Š‹•“—ƒæ Ž‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘á™Š‹…Š…‘‹–•–Š‡‡†‹ƒƒ†’—„Ž‹…„‘†‹‡•–‘…‘‘’‡”ƒ–‡™‹–Š–Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘’”‘…‡••ˆƒ…‹Ž‹–ƒ–‹‰–Š‡‡‡†•‘ˆ™‘”‡”•ä  &RQWHQW UHJXODWLRQ ‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘•– …‘–‡–‹‘—• ‹••—‡• ‘ˆ –Š‡  ‹ ‹–‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ Ž‹‡• ‹ –Š‡ ”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‡†‹ƒ …‘–‡–á ™Š‹…Š‹•ƒŽ‹‹––‘ˆ”‡‡†‘‘ˆ‡š’”‡••‹‘ä –Š‡…ƒ•‡‘ˆ–Š‹•Žƒ™á‹– ’”‘Š‹æ „‹–•”–äxt –Š‡†‹••‡‹ƒ–‹‘‘ˆò†‹•…”‹‹ƒ–‘”›…‘–‡–•™Š‹…ŠŠƒ˜‡–Š‡ ’—”’‘•‡‘”‡ˆˆ‡…–‘ˆ‹’ƒ‹”‹‰‘”—ŽŽ‹ˆ›‹‰–Š‡”‡…‘‰‹–‹‘á‡Œ‘›‡– ‘” ‡š‡”…‹•‡ ‘ˆ Š—ƒ ”‹‰Š–• —†‡” –Š‡ ‘•–‹–—–‹‘ ƒ† ‹–‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ‹•æ –”—‡–•óვ™‡ŽŽƒ•–Š‡…‘–‡–•–Šƒ–ƒ”‡ƒ†˜‘…ƒ–‹‰‘”‹…‹–‹‰˜‹‘Ž‡– ƒ…–•‘”’”ƒ…–‹…‡•„ƒ•‡†‘†‹•…”‹‹ƒ–‘”›‡••ƒ‰‡•ä‹‘Ž‡–…‘–‡–•”–ä xy ƒ† –Š‡ „”‘ƒ†…ƒ•– ‘ˆ •‡š—ƒŽŽ› ‡š’Ž‹…‹– …‘–‡–• ‹ ƒ ‘æƒ†—Ž– •…Š‡†—Ž‡ ”–äxz ƒ”‡ƒŽ•‘’”‘Š‹„‹–‡†ä

&RQFOXVLRQV Š”‘—‰Š‘—––Š‡•‡’ƒ‰‡•™‡Šƒ˜‡ƒƒŽ›•‡†–Š‡…—ƒ†‘”‹ƒ‡†‹ƒ •›•–‡ …‘ˆ‹‰—”ƒ–‹‘ƒ†…Šƒ‰‡’”‘…‡••«•–‹ŽŽ‹…‘’Ž‡–‡«–Šƒ–Šƒ•„‡‡ ‘……—æ ””‹‰äŽ–Š‘—‰Š–Š‡”‡ƒ”‡•–—†‹‘™‘”‹‰‘†‡Ž•–Šƒ–Šƒ˜‡„‡‡ ƒ……‡’–‡† ‘ˆ ƒ Žƒ”‰‡ —„‡” ‘ˆ …‘—–”‹‡•á –Š‡ ƒ…ƒ†‡‹… Ž‹–‡”ƒ–—”‡á –Š‡ Š‹•–‘”‹…ƒŽá •‘…‹ƒŽá ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽá ‡…‘‘‹… ƒ† …—Ž–—”ƒŽ ˆƒ…–‘”• –Šƒ– †‡ˆ‹‡ ƒ ”‡‰‹‘ Ž‹‡ ƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒƒ‡–Š‡†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–‘ˆ‹–•‘™‘†‡Ž‡…‡••ƒ”›á‹‘”†‡” –‘ƒ––‡†–‘–Š‡’ƒ”–‹…—Žƒ”‹–‹‡• ‘ˆ–Š‡”‡‰‹‘ƒ† –‘‘–„‡Ž‹‹–‡† –‘–Š‡ ‘†‡Ž•…‘•–”—…–‡†ˆ‘”‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡††‡‘…”ƒ…‹‡•ƒ†…‘—–”‹‡•™‹–Š Ž‘‰ ‡†‹ƒ –”ƒ†‹–‹‘ä Š‡ ƒ””‹˜ƒŽ –‘ ’‘™‡” ‘ˆ ƒˆƒ‡Ž ‘””‡ƒ trry  ‡ƒ– ƒ …‘–‹—ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ ’—„Ž‹… ’‘Ž‹…‹‡• –Šƒ– ’”‘’‘•‡† –Š‡ †‡‘…”ƒ–‹•ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ …‘æ —‹…ƒ–‹‘á ƒ† –Šƒ– ‡ƒ– –ƒ‹‰ –Š‡ –ƒ–‡ ˆ”‘ ‹–• ”‡•’‘•‹„‹Ž‹–‹‡• ƒ• ƒ ‰—ƒ”ƒ–‘” ‘ˆ …‹–‹œ‡•ï ”‹‰Š–• –‘ •‘…‹ƒŽ ‡’‘™‡”‡– –‘™ƒ”†• ‡“—ƒŽ‹–› ƒ† Œ—•–‹…‡ ‹ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ä  –Š‹• ”‡‰ƒ”†á ‹ trr{ ƒ ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘• ƒ™ „‡‰ƒ –‘ –ƒ‡ ˆ‘”á Š‘™‡˜‡”á ‹– ™‹ŽŽ ‘– „‡ ”‡ƒ†› —–‹Ž trsu ƒˆ–‡” ƒ ‘æ



‡š‡’– …‘–”‘˜‡”•› ’ƒ–Šã ƒ……—•ƒ–‹‘• ‘ˆ ”‡•–”‹…–‹‰ ˆ”‡‡†‘• ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ’”‹æ ˜ƒ–‡ ‡†‹ƒ ƒ† †‡ƒ†• ˆ‘” ‰”‡ƒ–‡” –”ƒ•’ƒ”‡…› ƒ† •‘…‹ƒŽ ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‹‘ ˆ”‘ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ƒ† ƒ…ƒ†‡‹… •‡…–‘”•ä Š‡ Žƒ™ –Šƒ– ™ƒ• ˆ‹ƒŽŽ› ƒ’’”‘˜‡† ‹ –Š‡ ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ••‡„Ž› …‘–ƒ‹• ƒ‘‰ ‹–• ƒ‹ ’‘‹–• –Š‡ ”‡†‹•–”‹„—–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”ƒ†‹‘ •’‡…–”—á ™Š‹…Š ˆ”‘ ‘™ ‘ •Š‘—Ž† ”‡ƒ…Š –Š‡ ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰ Ž‡æ ˜‡Ž•ãuu¨‘ˆ–Š‡•’‡…–”—ˆ‘”’—„Ž‹…‡†‹ƒáuu¨ˆ‘”’”‹˜ƒ–‡‡†‹ƒƒ† uv¨ ˆ‘” …‘—‹–› ‡†‹ƒä ‘™‡˜‡”á ƒŽ‘•– –™‘ ›‡ƒ”• ƒˆ–‡” –Š‡ ƒ†‘’–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒ™á ˆ‡™ …Šƒ‰‡• Šƒ˜‡ ‘……—””‡† ‹ –Š‹• ƒ”‡ƒã ƒ”‘—† {r¨ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ”‡æ ƒ‹ ’”‹˜ƒ–‡á …‘—‹–› ‡†‹ƒ „ƒ”‡Ž› ”‡ƒ…Š u¨ ƒ† ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ ‡†‹ƒ •‡‹œ‡† „› –Š‡ –ƒ–‡ƒ”‡•–‹ŽŽ ‹ ‹–• Šƒ†•äŠ‹• ‡™ …‘ˆ‹‰—”ƒ–‹‘–”‹‡•–‘ ‡† ƒ ‡æ †‹ƒ …‘…‡–”ƒ–‹‘ –Šƒ– •‘‡ ƒ—–Š‘”• Šƒ˜‡ …ƒŽŽ‡† ò‡†‹ƒ Žƒ–‹ˆ—†‹ƒó ‘”ƒá trsr  ƒ† ‹’Ž‹‡• –Šƒ–á ˆ‘” –Š‡ ˆ‹”•– –‹‡á …—ƒ†‘” Šƒ• ƒ •›•–‡ ‘ˆ ’—„Ž‹… ‡†‹ƒá •‘ ˆƒ” ‘æ‡š‹•–‡– ‹ –Š‡ …‘—–”›á ƒ†‘ˆˆ‹…‹ƒŽ‡†‹ƒ”‡•’‘•‹„Ž‡ˆ‘” ”‡’‘”–‹‰ –Š‡ ™‘” ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”‡•‹†‡– ƒ† ‘–Š‡” ’—„Ž‹… ‡–‹–‹‡• –Š‡ ˆ‹˜‡ ˆ—…–‹‘• ‘ˆ –Š‡ –ƒ–‡ ƒ† ƒ—–‘‘‘—• ‘˜‡”‡–• ä ‘–Š‡” ‹’‘”–ƒ– ’‘‹–‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ™‹•–‘…”‡ƒ–‡”‡‰—Žƒ–‘”›ƒ†•—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ…‡‘”‰ƒ‹••–‘‹’‘•‡ ’‡ƒŽ–‹‡•á –”›‹‰ –‘ ‡† „ƒ† ‡†‹ƒ ’”ƒ…–‹…‡• „—– –Šƒ– ƒ”‡ ”‡…‡‹˜‡†„› –Š‡ ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ ‡†‹ƒ ƒ• ‡…Šƒ‹•• ˆ‘” ”‡•–”‹…–‹‰ ˆ”‡‡†‘ ‘ˆ ‡š’”‡••‹‘ä  ƒ††‹–‹‘ –‘ –Š‡ ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘• ƒ™á –Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡– ‘ˆ ƒˆƒ‡Ž ‘””‡ƒ –‘‘ ‘–Š‡” ‡ƒ•—”‡• ‹ –Š‡ ˆ‹‡Ž† ‘ˆ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ „› ƒ‹–ƒ‹‹‰ ƒ ‘’‡ …‘ˆ”‘–ƒ–‹‘ ™‹–Š •‘‡ •‡…–‘”•ä Š‡ ‘•– •‹‰‹ˆ‹…ƒ– ‹• –Š‡ ’”‘Š‹„‹–‹‘ –‘ „ƒ‡”• –‘ Šƒ˜‡ ƒ ’”‡•‡…‡ ‹ –Š‡ ‘™‡”•Š‹’ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒá ƒ• ‹– ™ƒ• –ƒ‡ ‹ ‘”†‡” –‘ „”‡ƒ –Š‡ –”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽ –‹‡• „‡–™‡‡ –Š‡ ˆ‹ƒ…‹ƒŽ ’‘™‡” ƒ† –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ’‘™‡”ä ‘–Š‡” ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒ…–‹‘• –ƒ‡ ‹• –Š‡ •‡‹œ—”‡á ƒˆ–‡” –Š‡ •‡”‹‘—• ˆ‹ƒ…‹ƒŽ …”‹•‹• ‹ …—ƒ†‘”á ‘ˆ •‘‡ ‰‘‘†•á ‹…Ž—†‹‰ •‘‡ ‡†‹ƒä ‹–Š ƒŽŽ –Š‹•á –Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡– ƒ‹• –‘ •–‘’ –Š‡ ‰‡‡”ƒŽ –‡†‡…› –‘™ƒ”†• …‘…‡–”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ ‘™‡”•Š‹’ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ƒ† –‘ ‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š –Š‡ –ƒ–‡ ƒ†–Š‡…‹–‹œ‡ƒ•‡”•ï‘ˆ–Š‡…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘’”‘…‡••á–‘–Š‡ ‡š–‡––Šƒ– –Š‡ ’—„Ž‹… ’‘Ž‹…‹‡• ‹’Ž‡‡–‡† ’”‘–‡…– –Š‡ …‹–‹œ‡ ƒ‰ƒ‹•– –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ’‘™‡”ä – ‹•á ‹ ƒ› …ƒ•‡á ƒ ’”‘…‡•• –Šƒ– Šƒ• Œ—•– „‡‰— ‹ …—ƒ†‘” ƒ† –Šƒ– Žƒ…• ƒ Ž‘‰ Œ‘—”‡›á „‡‹‰ ‡…‡••ƒ”› –Š‡ –ƒ–‡ •—’’‘”– ™‹–Š ‡…Šƒ‹•• –Šƒ– ƒŽŽ‘™ –Š‡ ”‡ƒŽ …‹–‹œ‡ ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ƒŽ•‘ ’”‘–‡…– –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•– ‹ ƒ ƒ”‡––‘‘†‡’‡†‡–‘‡…‘‘‹… †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–ä 1RWHV u{ ‡‘…”ƒ…› †‡š„›–Š‡Š‡…‘‘‹•– –‡ŽŽ‹‰‡…‡‹–‹•‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡‘•–™‹†‡Ž›—•‡†–‘ ‡ƒ•—”‡ –Š‡“—ƒŽ‹–› ‘ˆ
†‡‘…”ƒ…›ä Š‹• ‹†‡š Šƒ• ˆ‹˜‡ ‡ƒ•—”‹‰ †‹‡•‹‘•ã ‡Ž‡…–‘”ƒŽ ’”‘…‡•• ƒ† ’Ž—”ƒŽ‹•á …‹˜‹Ž Ž‹„‡”–‹‡•áˆ—…–‹‘‹‰‘ˆ ‘˜‡”‡–á ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ …—Ž–—”‡ä ‡’‡†‹‰ ‘ –Š‡ ”‡•—Ž–á …‘—–”‹‡• ƒ”‡…Žƒ••‹ˆ‹‡†‹–‘ˆ‘—” –›’‡•ã ˆ—ŽŽ †‡‘…”ƒ…‹‡•â ˆŽƒ™‡† †‡‘…”ƒ…‹‡•â Š›„”‹† ”‡‰‹‡• ƒ† ƒ—–Š‘”‹–ƒ”‹ƒ ”‡‰‹‡•ä



vr Š‡ ‡’‘•‹– —ƒ”ƒ–‡‡ ‰‡…› Šƒ† •‡‹œ‡† ‹– ˆ”‘ ‡”ƒ†‘ •’‹ƒœ—á ˆ‘”‡” ‘™‡” ‘ˆ ƒ…‘ Ž ”‘‰”‡•‘ä vs —–Š‘”••—…Šƒ•ƒ”“—‡•†‡‡Ž‘trsr †‡ˆ‡†–Š‡–Š‡•‹•‘ˆ–Š‡‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘•‘…‹‡–›—†‡”•–‘‘† ƒ•ƒ’”ƒ…æ–‹…‡–‘ ƒ…Š‹‡˜‡ –Š‡ ‘™Ž‡†‰‡ •‘…‹‡–› ‹ ™Š‹…Š ‹– ‹• ƒ”‰—‡† –Šƒ– ‹• ‘– ‡‘—‰Š ™‹–Š –Š‡ ’”‘˜‹•‹‘ ‘ˆ –‡…Š‹…ƒŽ‡“—‹’‡–á„—–‹–‹•‡…‡••ƒ”›–‘‹’Ž‡‡–…‘‰‹–‹˜‡’”‘…‡••‡•–‘ ”‡ƒ…Š–Š‡‡–‹”‡’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘ƒ†ƒŽŽ‘™–Š‡…‘•–”—…–‹‘‘ˆƒ‡™’ƒ”–‡”•Š‹’„‡–™‡‡ƒŽŽ…‹–‹œ‡•á ‡†‹‰–Š‡ƒ—–Š‘”‹–ƒ”‹ƒ’”‘…‡••‡•‹ƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒä vt –Š‡…ƒ•‡‘ˆ…—ƒ†‘”á‹–Šƒ•ˆ‹˜‡ˆ—…–‹‘•撑™‡”•æã–Š‡–”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽ–Š”‡‡ƒ”‡Œ‘‹‡†„›–Š‡s  Ž‡…–‘”ƒŽƒ†–Š‡t ”ƒ•’ƒ”‡…›ƒ†‘…‹ƒŽ ‘–”‘Žä vu Š‹•’‘‹–‹•—ƒ…‡†•‹…‡ƒ—–Š‘”•ä ‘”‹•–ƒ…‡áƒ†×trst •’‡ƒ•‘ˆ…‹–‹œ‡•Š‹’‹–Š‡ ‡–™‘”ƒ•ƒƒ–‹æ‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡–‘˜‡‡––‘–”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽ‡†‹ƒä vv –ƒƒ‰‡†‡Ž‡”ƒƒƒ†‹–•st ˆ”‡“—‡…‹‡•ä vw –™ƒ•–Š‡‘™‡”‘ˆ‡†‹ƒŽ‹‡ ‡Ž‡˜‹•‹×á ƒƒ ƒ† ƒ„Ž‡ä vx ™‡” ‘ˆ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ ƒ ‘”ƒ ™‹–Š sv ”‡‰‹‘ƒŽ ‡†‹–‹‘•á ‹– ™‘—Ž† ƒŽ•‘ ƒƒ‰‡ ƒ†‹‘ Žƒ‡–ƒá ‡˜‹•–ƒ —†‹…‹ƒŽáƒ–‡– ‰‰”‡‰ƒ–‡• ‡”˜‹…‡• ƒ† ‡Ž‡…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘•  ƒ† †‹–‘”‹ƒŽ ”ƒ ƒ—”‘á ™Š‹…Š ’—„Ž‹•Š‡• –Š‡ ƒ‰ƒœ‹‡ƒ‰—ƒ”†‹ƒ ‹ ’ƒ”–‡”•Š‹’ ™‹–Š ”—’‘ ƒ”–À‡œá ‘™‡” ‘ˆ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ• š–”ƒ ƒ† š’”‡•‘ä vy –™ƒ•‹…Šƒ”‰‡‘ˆ–Š‡–‡Ž‡˜‹•‹‘‡Ž‡ƒƒœ‘ƒ•á‡˜‹•–ƒ—†‘‹‡”•á‰‡…‹ƒ‡Ž–ƒ—„Ž‹…‹†ƒ†á –Š‡ƒ‰ƒœ‹‡• ‡•–‹×á‘Š‘á —…•‹ƒƒ† ‘•ƒ•ä vz – ™ƒ• ƒŽ•‘ ”‡•’‘•‹„Ž‡ ˆ‘” …—ƒ˜‹•ƒá –Š‡ ƒ‰ƒœ‹‡• ‹•–ƒœ‘á ‡‡”ƒ…‹× xwá ‘‰ƒ”á •–ƒ†‹‘á ƒ …Šƒ‡Ž ‹ ƒ ‘’‡…Šƒ‡Ž‹–Š‡‹–‡•–ƒ–‡•ƒ† ’ƒ‹ä v{ ™‡” ‘ˆ Ž ‘‡”…‹‘ ‹–• •Šƒ”‡• ™‡”‡ •‘Ž† ƒ– –Š‡ „‡‰‹‹‰ ‘ˆ trsw á lŽ–‹ƒ• ‘–‹…‹ƒ•á ƒ†‹‘ —‹–‘á ƒ†‹‘Žƒ–‹—á …—ƒ†‘”ƒ†‹‘ ƒ† –Š‡ …‘’ƒ› ‘ˆ –Š‡ƒ–”‡• ƒ† …‹‡ƒ• ‘ˆ —‹–‘á ‹ ’ƒ”–‡”•Š‹’ ™‹–Š ”—’‘ ƒæ–‹ŽŽƒæ†‡”•‘á ‘ˆ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ ‘› ƒŽ”‡ƒ†› †‹•ƒ’’‡ƒ”‡† ä – Šƒ• ƒŽ•‘ •Šƒ”‡• ‹ ‡‰ƒ†ƒ–‘•á ……‡•• ’”‘˜‹†‡” ‘ˆ –‡”‡–á„—•‹‡•• †‡ƒŽ• ‹ ‘ˆ‹‡… ƒ† ™ƒ• ’ƒ”–‡” ™‹–Š –Š‡ ‰”‘—’ ‰ƒ• ”‹ŒƒŽ˜ƒ ƒ– ‡–”‘’‘Ž‹–ƒƒ †‡ ‡‰—”‘• ›‘•‘”…‹‘•†‡Ž ‹…Š‹…Šƒá ‹ ƒ††‹–‹‘ –‘ Ž‹• ™‹–Š ƒ—–‘‘–‹˜‡ …‘’ƒ‹‡•ä ”—’‘ ƒ–‹ŽŽƒæ†‡”•‘á Š‘™‡˜‡”á‹•”‡•’‘•‹„Ž‡ˆ‘” –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ ‘›á ”ƒ†‹‘ ‘›á ‘› ƒŽ”‡ƒ†› †‹•ƒ’’‡ƒ”‡† á •‘‡ ƒ‰ƒœ‹‡• ƒ† –Š‡ …‘’ƒ› ‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ–”‡•ƒ† …‹‡ƒ•‘ˆ —‹–‘ä wr ™‡”‘ˆ–Š‡‡™•’ƒ’‡”•Ž‹˜‡”•‘ƒ†”ა†ƒ†‹‘‹–›ä –‹•ƒŽ•‘ƒ‡„‡”‘ˆ ”—’‘ Ž˜ƒ”ƒ†‘‘…ƒ‹–Š‡ ’ƒ›•›•–‡ ‹˜‹•ƒä ws ……‡’–ƒ–‹‘ ’”‘’‘•‡† „› –Š‡ Ž–‡”ƒ–‹˜‡ ‡†‹ƒ ‘”— ‘ˆ ”‰‡–‹ƒ ƒ– –Š‡ ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ‡‡–‹‰ ‘ˆ Ž–‡”ƒ–‹˜‡‡†‹ƒ–Š‡{ásrƒ†ssá…–‘„‡”trrv‹‡—“—±”‰‡–‹ƒ ƒ†…‘ŽŽ‡…–‡†‹‡ ‘”ƒ‡•trsu ä wt ‡…‘˜‡”‡†sr st svã Š––’ã ™™™ä…‘”†‹…‘ä‰‘„䇅 ”‡•—Ž–ƒ†‘•æ†‡æŽƒæ‡…—‡•–ƒæƒ…‹‘ƒŽæ†‡æ ’”‘ˆ‡•‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒæ…‹‘æƒæŽ‘•æ–”ƒ„ƒŒƒ†‘”‡•æ†‡æŽƒæ…‘—‹…ƒ…‹‘  á trsv 䊇”‡ ‹• ƒ …Žƒ••‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ x …ƒ–‡‰‘”‹‡• ‘ˆ ‘……—’ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ’”‘ˆ‹Ž‡•ã s  ‘•– „”‘ƒ†…ƒ•–‡” ˆ‘” ”ƒ†‹‘ ƒ† ‘” –‡Ž‡˜‹•‹‘â t   ˆŽ‘‘” ™‘”‡”â u  ‡†‹ƒ ƒ† —Ž–‹‡†‹ƒ’Š‘–‘‰”ƒ’Š‡”âv ‡…Š‹…ƒŽ …‘‘”†‹ƒ–‘”ˆ‘”…‘—‹–›‡†‹ƒ’”‘‰”ƒ‹‰âw ‡™•…ƒ‡”ƒƒ ƒ†x ”‘†—…‡”‘ˆ …‘–‡–• ˆ‘” …‘—‹–› ‡†‹ƒä wu  …‘†—…–‡†ƒƒ–‹‘™‹†‡•—”˜‡›ˆ”‘u–‘ —Ž›syátrsv‘–Š‡Ž‡˜‡Ž‘ˆ–”ƒ‹‹‰–Šƒ– …‘—‹…ƒæ–‘”•áŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ƒ† ‡’Ž‘›‡‡• …‘‡…–‡† ƒ† ”‡Žƒ–‡† –‘ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ Šƒ˜‡ä ‡…‘˜‡”‡† ts r{ svã Š––’ã ™™™ä…‘”†‹…‘ä‰‘„䇅 …ƒ‹‡‘•æŒ—–‘•æŠƒ…‹ƒæŽƒæ’”‘ˆ‡•‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒ…‹‘  wv ……‘”†‹‰–‘†ƒ–ƒ’”‘˜‹†‡†„›–Š‡ 䇅‘˜‡”‡†r{ st swã Š––’ã ™™™ä–‡Ž‡‰”ƒˆ‘ä…‘ä‡… ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒ ‹–‡ ‡…—ƒ†‘”æ–‹‡‡æsy揋Žæ’‡”•‘ƒ•æ“—‡æ–”ƒ„ƒŒƒæ‡æ‡Žæƒ”‡ƒæ†‡æŽƒæ…‘—‹…ƒ…‹‘äŠ–Ž ww ‡…‘˜‡”‡†u rt trsw㊖–’ã ™™™ä‡†—…ƒ…‹‘•—’‡”‹‘”䉑„䇅 ‹‹•–”›‘ˆ‹‰Š‡”†—…ƒ–‹‘á…‹‡…‡á ‡…Š‘掑‰›ƒ† ‘˜ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘”ä wx ‡…‘˜‡”‡†u rt trsw㊖–’ã ™™™ä•‡…ƒ’䉑„䇅 …—ƒ†‘”‹ƒ‘…ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ”ƒ‹‹‰ ‡”˜‹…‡ä wy ‡…‘˜‡”‡†u rt trsw㊖–’ã ™™™ä•‡…”‡–ƒ”‹ƒ…ƒ’ƒ…‹–ƒ…‹‘ä‰‘„䇅 ‡…Š‹…ƒŽ‡…”‡–ƒ”‹ƒ–‘ˆ ‘…ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ”ƒ‹‹‰ä wz ‡…‘˜‡”‡† ts r{ svã Š––’ã ™™™ä‹ä…Ž ’†ˆ• ƒ…”‡†‹–ƒ…‹‘ ˜ƒŽ—4†‡4Žƒ4…‘ˆ‘”ä’†ˆ ‰‡…› ‘ˆ ‘ˆ‘”‹–› ••‡••‡–ä w{ ‡…‘˜‡”‡†ts r{ svã Š––’ã ™™™ä…‘”†‹…‘ä‰‘„䇅 …‡”–‹ˆ‹…ƒ…‹‘æ†‡æ…‘’‡–‡…‹ƒ•æŽƒ„‘”ƒŽ‡•  xr ‹…‡ –Š‡ ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‡ ‘ˆ –Š‹• ™‘” ‹• ‘– –Š‡ •–—†› ‘ˆ ‡ƒ…Š ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒá –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ‘’‡”ƒ–‹‰ ‹ …—ƒ†‘” ƒ”‡‘–†‡–ƒ‹Ž‡†‹ Š‡”‡ä ‘” –Š‡ ‡ƒ• ‘ˆ ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”á–Š‡ ”‡ƒ†‡” ‹• ”‡ˆ‡””‡† –‘ –Š‡ ”‡…‘”† ’”‡’ƒ”‡†„›–Š‡‘—…‹Žˆ‘” –Š‡ ‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– ‘ˆ ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ä ‡…‘˜‡”‡† u ru swã Š––’ã ‹••——ä…‘ …‘”†‹…‘‡… †‘…• Ž‹•–ƒ†‘4†‡4‡†‹‘•4†‡4…ƒ” …–‡”4ƒ…‹ë‡±{{{r{wv {xtyutr xs ‘‡ ‘–Š‡” •‡‹œ‡† ‡†‹ƒ ™‡”‡ –˜á  ƒ„Ž‡ ƒ† –Š‡ ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ’ƒ› …Šƒ‡Ž• y ƒ† }ä ‘”‡‘˜‡”á  ƒ†‹‘჆‹‘ ” ~vv ƒ† ƒ‰ƒœ‹‡• Ž ‰”‘á ƒ †ƒá ƒŽŽ‡• ƒ† ƒ„‘”‘†× ‘ˆ †‹–‘”‹ƒŽ ‹ƒ•ƒ  ‘”†žƒ†ƒ…Šƒƒá trr{ ä xt Ž‹ƒœƒ ƒÀ•á ”ƒ–Š‡” –Šƒ ƒ ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ’ƒ”–›á ‹• †‡ˆ‹‡† ƒ• ƒ ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ‘˜‡‡– „‘” ‹ trrx ƒ† ™Š‘•‡ ”‡æ•‹†‡–‹•ƒˆƒ‡Ž‘””‡ƒä xu Š‡‡„‡”•‘ˆ‘”†‹…‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡Ž‡ƒ˜‡•–Š‡‘—…‹Ž‹trsv 䇅‘˜‡”‡†s{ rt sw㊖–’ã ™™™ä…‘”†‹…‘ä‰‘„䇅 ‹‡„”‘•4…‘•‡Œ‘  xv ‡…‘˜‡”‡† rt ss sw㊖–’ã ™™™ä–‡Ž‡‰”ƒˆ‘ä…‘ä‡… ‘–‹…‹ƒ• ‹ˆ‘”ƒ…‹‘æ‰‡‡”ƒŽ ‹–‡ ”‡›‡•æ”‡…‘‘…‡æ †‹ˆ‹…—Ž–ƒæ†‡•æ‡æ•‡Ž‡……‹‘äŠ–Ž



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’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ …‘†‡•xyá ƒ† u  –Š‡ ‹†‡ƒ ‘ˆ ’—„Ž‹… •‡”˜‹…‡ ‘ˆ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•xzä Š‡ …‘–”‘˜‡”•› •–‡• ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ‹†‡ƒ ‘ˆ ™Š‡–Š‡” òŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ‹• ‡”‡Ž› ƒ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘‘”ƒ–”ƒ†‡ó‡…‡”ƒ†…‘ŽŽäátrrwãuy 䔑‘ˆ‘ˆ–Š‹•‹•–Šƒ–ò–Š‡æ ”‡ ‹• ‘ ‘–Š‡” ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ ‹ …‘–‡’‘”ƒ”› •‘…‹‡–‹‡• ™Š‡”‡ –Š‡ ‰ƒ’ „‡–™‡‡ ‹–• —†‹•’—–‡† ‹’‘”–ƒ…‡ ˆ‘” –Š‡ ™Š‘Ž‡ •‘…‹‡–› ƒ† –Š‡ ’‡”…‡’–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‹–• „‘—†ƒ”‹‡•á •–”—…–—”‡• ƒ† …‘’‡–‡…‹‡• ‹• •‘ Žƒ”‰‡ó ‘•„ƒ…Šá trr{ã uz ä  –Š‡ Žƒ•– …‡–—”› ˜ƒ”‹‘—• •–—†‹‡• ™‡”‡ …‘†—…–‡† ‹ ‘”†‡” –‘ ƒƒŽ›•‡ –Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ƒ† –Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹• ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• …‡‘† ƒ† ƒ™Ž‡› ”äá s{xvâ …‡‘†á s{xw  ‹ –Š‡ ‹–‡† –ƒ–‡•ä —„•‡æ “—‡–Ž›á …‡‘† ƒ† —•Š s{x{  ”‡’Ž‹…ƒ–‡† –Š‹• ™‘” ‹ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒá …‘ˆ‹”‹‰ –Š‡ ‡š‹•–‡…‡ ‘ˆ ƒ ‰”‡ƒ–‡” —„‡” ‘ˆ •‹‹Žƒ”‹–‹‡• –Šƒ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡æ …‡• ‹ –Š‡ …‘…‡’– ‘ˆ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹• ƒ‘‰  ƒ† ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ Œ‘—”æ ƒŽ‹•–•äŽ–Š‘—‰Šáƒ•‘•„ƒ…Šs{zsãxv •–ƒ–‡†áò–Š‡•‡…‘’ƒ”‹•‘•„‡–™‡‡ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡–…‘—–”‹‡••Š‘™–Šƒ–’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘‹•‡‹–Š‡”—‹˜‡”•ƒŽ‘”™ƒ• „ƒ•‡† ‘ ƒ ‡—–”ƒŽ …‘…‡’–óä ’‡…‹ˆ‹…ƒŽŽ›á ‹ …—ƒ†‘”á ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰ –Š‡ ‹†‡ƒ‘ˆ ‘ŽŽ‹•s{{r ᙇ…ƒ‘–•’‡ƒ‘ˆƒ•‹‰Ž‡–›’‡‘ˆ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘ä –Š‡ ‘‡Šƒ†á‹–‹•„ƒ•‡†‘ ò’”‹˜ƒ–‡‰‘˜‡”‡–ó’”‹˜ƒ–‡…ƒ’‹–ƒŽ ‡†‹ƒ ƒ† ƒ Ž‹„‡”ƒŽ ’‘‹– ‘ˆ ˜‹‡™  ƒ† ‘ –Š‡ ‘–Š‡” Šƒ†á ˆ‘…—•‡† ‘ ƒ ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ •–”—‰‰Ž‡ ˆ‘” …‘–”‘Ž ’—„Ž‹…á ‰‘˜‡”‡–ƒŽ ƒ† …‘—‹–› ‡†‹ƒ ƒ† ƒ ’‘Žƒ”‹•‡†’Ž—”ƒŽ‹•–†›ƒ‹… ä • ”ƒ‹•‡† „› ƒ‹–œ•…Š trr{ á –Š‡ …‘…‡’–• ‘ˆ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹• —•– „‡ †‹•–‹‰—‹•Š‡†ä Š‡ ˆ‹”•– ‹• –Š‡ ’”‘…‡•• „› ™Š‹…Š ƒ –”ƒ†‡„‡…‘‡•ƒ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒ†ò™Š‡”‡–Š‡’”ƒ…–‹…ƒŽ‡š‡”…‹•‡‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒæŽ‹• …ƒ””‹‡• ƒ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ ’”‘†—…– …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•‡† „› ƒ Š‹‰Š †‡‰”‡‡ ‘ˆ ‘„æ Œ‡…–‹˜‹–›áˆƒ…–—ƒŽ‹–›ƒ†‡—–”ƒŽ‹–›ó…—ƒ‹Žás{{vãs{z ƒ†á–Š‡•‡…‘†á‹•–Š‡ ‹†‡ƒ –Šƒ– Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• •Šƒ”‡ ‘” …Šƒ•‡á ò–Šƒ– ™Š‹…Š Œ—•–‹ˆ‹‡• –Š‡ ™‹–Š‹ –Š‡‹” ‘™‰”‘—’ƒ†ƒ‰ƒ‹•–‘—–•‹†‡”•ó—ƒ‡•átrruãvz ƒ†òƒŽŽ‘™•–Š‡–‘ „—‹Ž† ƒ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ‹†‡–‹–›ó ŽŽ‹‘–á s{vyâ ”–‡‰ƒ ƒ† —ƒ‡•á trrrã sxwƒ ä  „‘–Š …ƒ•‡•á–Š‡ ‡ƒ‹‰ ‘ˆ òŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ó •Š‘—Ž† „‡ …Ž‡ƒ”჈ˆ‹”‹‰ –Šƒ– ‹– ‹• òƒ ‹† ‘ˆ …‘ŽŽ‡…–‹˜‡ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ‘’‹‹‘ ƒ–—”‡ –Šƒ– ‹• …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•‡† ’”‹ƒ”‹Ž› „› ‹–• ”‡Ž‡˜ƒ…‡ ƒ† •‘…‹ƒŽ ‹–‡”‡•–ó ‡ƒŽátrrxãuvy ‹™Š‹…Šáƒ……‘”†‹‰–‘‡‹–‘s{{wãsxæsy áò–Š‡…‘•‹†‡”‡† Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•– ‘ˆˆ‡”• ƒ •‡”˜‹…‡ –‘ •‘…‹‡–›á ’”‘˜‹†‹‰ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ –‘ –Š‡ ’—„Ž‹… ‘ˆ –Šƒ–‘•–‘—–•–ƒ†‹‰’ƒ”–‘ˆ—‹˜‡”•ƒŽ‹–›á™Š‹…Š‹•–Š‡’”‡•‡–óä Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡ò–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹•’”‡•‡–‡†ƒ•–Š‡’‡”•‘”‡•’‘•‹„Ž‡ˆ‘” ‹–‡”æ



’”‡–‹‰–Š‡•‘…‹ƒŽ”‡ƒŽ‹–›•‘–Šƒ–…‹–‹œ‡•…ƒ—†‡”•–ƒ†‹–჆ƒ’––‘‹– ƒ† ‘†‹ˆ›‹–ó ‘‹•ás{{sãuw 䊋•‹†‡ƒ‹•„ƒ•‡†áˆ‹”•–ᑐƒ…ƒ”‡‡” ‰—‹†ƒæ …‡•—’’‘”–‡†„›ò•–”‘‰’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽˆ‡ƒ–—”‡•ó‘•„ƒ…Šƒ† ƒ––‡”•‘á trrvãtzs ƒ†á•‡…‘†á‘ò–Š‡ƒ†‘’–‹‘‘ˆƒ‹†‡‘Ž‘‰›‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ƒ• ò…—•–‘†‹ƒ‘ˆ’—„Ž‹…–”—•–󃎎‹ƒ†ƒ…‹‹átrrvãuu ä –‹•‹’‘”–ƒ––‘‘–‡–Šƒ––Š‡…‘…‡’–‘ˆ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹•‹ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•Šƒ• ‡˜‘Ž˜‡† ˆ”‘ ƒ ‡•–‡”‹†‡ƒ ƒ†á –Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡á …ƒ‘– „‡ ‹–‡”’”‡–‡† ‹–Š‡ •ƒ‡ ™ƒ› ‹ ‘æ‡•–‡” •‘…‹‡–‹‡• –ƒ”… ƒ† —†Šƒ‡”á s{y{  ƒ• ‹–Š‡ …ƒ•‡ ‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘”ä ‘•‡“—‡–Ž›á –Š‡ ’”‘…‡•• ‘ˆ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ƒ† –Š‡ …‘…‡’– ‘ˆ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹•‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘”‹ƒŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ƒ”‡ —…Ž‡ƒ” …‘…‡’–• ™Š‡”‡ •–‹ŽŽ –‘†ƒ› –Š‡ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– …ƒ”‡‡” ‘’–‹‘• ƒ††‹˜‡”•‡ ‘……—’ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ •–”—…–—”‡• ƒ”‡ „‡‹‰ •–—†‹‡†ä ”‘‘ˆ ‘ˆ –Š‹• ‹• –Š‡ ™‘”–Šƒ– ‹• „‡‹‰ †‘‡ „› …‡”–ƒ‹ ”‡‰—Žƒ–‘”› „‘†‹‡• •—…Š ƒ•  ä ‘”‡•‘á ƒ• ‡ŽŽƒ†‘trr{ãst •–ƒ–‡•á ‹ˆƒ˜‘—”‘ˆƒ òŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–Šƒ–•‡‡•–‘…‘–‹—‡ „‡›‘† ƒ•• ‡†‹ƒá ™Š‡”‡ –Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ …ƒ’ƒ…‹–› –‘ †‡˜‡Ž‘’ –Š‹• ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘‹–Š‡‡™Ž›‡‡”‰‹‰ƒ”‡ƒ•‘ˆ–Š‡ˆ‹‡Ž†‘ˆ…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘áƒ• ™‡ŽŽƒ•–Š‡•‘…‹ƒŽŽ‡‰‹–‹ƒ–‹‘ƒ…Š‹‡˜‡†áƒ”‡•–‹ŽŽ‹†‘—„–óä …—ƒ†‘”á –Š‡’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ‹•„‡‹‰„—‹Ž– „ƒ•‡†‘ –Š‡‹ˆŽ—‡…‡‘ˆ…‘–‡š–—ƒŽ˜ƒŽ—‡•†‹˜‡”‰‡–ˆ”‘ã s ”‡…‡–ƒ† ‘‰‘‹‰ …Šƒ‰‡•ƒ––Š‡Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹˜‡á’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽá‡†—…ƒ–‹‘ƒŽá‡†‹ƒá‡…‘‘‹…á …—Ž–—”ƒŽ ƒ†•‘…‹ƒŽŽ‡˜‡Žât –Š‡ƒ’’”‘˜ƒŽ‘ˆ‡™Žƒ™•ƒ†”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘•–Šƒ–†‹”‡…–Ž› ƒˆˆ‡…––Š‡•–”—…–—”‡‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒ•›•–‡‘ˆ–Š‡…‘—–”›âu –Š‡’”‘Ž‹ˆ‡”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ‡™ˆƒ…—Ž–‹‡•ƒ†•…Š‘‘Ž•‘ˆ‘…‹ƒŽ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ƒ† ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ƒ† –‡…Š‹…ƒŽƒ†–‡…Š‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ†‡‰”‡‡•âv ‰”‡ƒ–‡”–ƒ–‡‹–‡”˜‡–‹‘‹ƒ”‡ƒ• •—…Š ƒ• –Š‡ Ž‹…‡•‹‰ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒá –Š‡ ”‡†‹•–”‹„—–‹‘ ‘ˆ ”ƒ†‹‘ •’‡…–”— ƒ†ƒˆ‹”…‘‹–‡––‘–Š‡†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–ƒ†ƒ‹…”‡ƒ•‡‹–Š‡—„‡” ‘ˆ ’—„Ž‹… ƒ† …‘—‹–› ‡†‹ƒâ ƒ† w  –Š‡ …—””‡– …‘ˆ‹‰—”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒƒ”‡–™Š‡”‡áƒ……‘”†‹‰–‘–Š‡‹“—‡‡‰‹•–‡”‘ˆ‡†‹ƒ‘ˆ æ á–Š‡”‡ƒ”‡sás{r…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘‡–‹–‹‡•á‘ˆ™Š‹…Š{s¨ƒ”‡’”‹˜ƒ–‡‡†‹ƒá w¨ƒ”‡’—„Ž‹…ƒ†v¨ƒ”‡…‘—‹–›‡†‹ƒ‹–Š‡ˆ”‡“—‡…›†‹•–”‹„—–‹‘‘ˆ –Š‡…—””‡–”ƒ†‹‘•’‡…–”—‹…—ƒ†‘”ä Š‡”‡ ‹• ƒ‘–Š‡” ƒ•’‡…– ™‹–Š‹ ’—„Ž‹… †‹•…—••‹‘ ‹ …—ƒ†‘”ã –Š‡ ‡‡† –‘ …”‡ƒ–‡†‹ˆˆ‡”‡– „‘†‹‡• ‘”‹•–‹–—–‹‘• ‘ˆ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–••‡ƒ–‡†‹òƒ …‘ŽŽ‡…–‹˜‡ ‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘ …ƒ’ƒ„Ž‡ ‘ˆ ƒ••—‹‰ „‘–Š ™ƒ‰‡ …Žƒ‹• ƒ†Žƒ„‘—” ‹••—‡•á ƒ• ™‡ŽŽ ƒ• ƒ „”‘ƒ†‡” ”ƒ‰‡ ‘ˆ ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‡• …‘•‹•–‡– ™‹–Š –Š‡”‘Ž‡‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ƒ†–Š‡‡†‹ƒ‹‘—”•‘…‹‡–‹‡•óœƒ”átrrwãsw{ ä  –Š‹•”‡‰ƒ”†



™‡ …ƒ •’‡ƒ ‘ˆ s  ’”‡•• ƒ••‘…‹ƒ–‹‘•á t  ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ƒ••‘…‹ƒ–‹‘• ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•x{á u  —‹‘• †‹”‡…–Ž› ”‡•’‘•‹„Ž‡ ˆ‘” †‡ˆ‡†‹‰ –Š‡ ‘……—’ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ‹–‡”‡•–• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ•á v  ˆ‘”—• ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•– ‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘• ”‡•’‘•‹„Ž‡ ˆ‘” …”‡ƒ–‹‰ ƒ …‘‘ •’ƒ…‡ ˆ‘” ‹–‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ‡†‹ƒ ‘”‰ƒ‹æ •ƒ–‹‘•á ƒ† w  ‹–‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ˆ‡†‡”ƒ–‹‘• ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ™‹–Š‹ –Š‡ ‹–‡”ƒæ –‹‘ƒŽ …‘ŽŽƒ„‘”ƒ–‹˜‡ ’Žƒ‡ä Š‹• –›’‡ ‘ˆ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† …‘ŽŽƒ „‘”ƒ–‹‘á™Š‹…Š‡–ƒ‹Ž•–ƒ‹‰‹–‘ƒ……‘—––Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–ˆ”‘ƒ…‘ŽŽ‡…–‹˜‡ ƒ†‡’‘™‡”‡†’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡á‹•ƒŽ•‘‡…‡••ƒ”›ˆ‘”–Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ä

 :KRLVDUHD  MRXUQDOLVWV" Š‡ ƒ•™‡” –‘ –Š‹• “—‡•–‹‘á •‡‡‹‰Ž› ‘„˜‹‘—•á Šƒ• …‘—–Ž‡•• —ƒ…‡•ä – …‘—Ž† „‡ †‡–‡”‹‡†á ˆ”‘ ƒ ƒ…ƒ†‡‹… ’‘‹– ‘ˆ ˜‹‡™á –Šƒ– ƒ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•– ‹• ƒ ’‡”•‘ Ž‹…‡•‡† ‹ ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ä Š‡ ‘•– Š‡–‡”‘†‘š ƒ—–Š‘”• —•‡ Žƒ”‰‡” …‘…‡’–• ƒ† …Žƒ‹ –Šƒ– ƒ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•– ‹• ƒ ’‡”•‘ ™Š‘ ™”‹–‡• ‹ ‡™•’ƒ’‡”•ä ƒ–‡”‹ƒŽ‹•–ƒ—–Š‘”•‡’Šƒ•‹•‡–Š‡ˆƒ…––Šƒ–ƒŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹•–Š‡‘‡–Šƒ–ƒ‡• Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• Š‹• ƒ‹ •‘—”…‡ ‘ˆ ‹…‘‡ä †á ‡˜‡á •‘‡ ƒ”‰—‡ –Šƒ– òŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ƒ”‡ƒŽŽ‘ˆ—•óŠ‹˜‹–‡átrrxã{t ä Š‡ ’”‘’‘•ƒŽ ‘ˆ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– †‡ˆ‹‹–‹‘• „ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡ •‘…‹‘Ž‘‰› ‘ˆ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘• ƒ† ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ •‘…‹ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘ ‘†‡Ž• ’”‡•‡–‡† „› Š‡”Ž‘… ƒ† ‘””‹• s{xy ა†Žƒ–‡”„›‘‘”‡s{yr ჋•–‘‹†‡–‹ˆ›–Š‡ˆƒ…–‘”•ƒ†’”‘…‡••‡• –Šƒ– ’”‘˜‹†‡ –Š‡ ˜ƒŽ—‡• ˆ‘” ™Š‹…Š –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•– „‡…‘‡• …‘•‹†‡”‡† ƒ ’”‘æ ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ŽŽ‡”ƒ†‡‹‡”á trst ã ƒ †‹˜‡”•‹–› ƒ† Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… ƒ…–‹˜‹–›„ƒ•‡† ‘ ò–Š‡ ƒ–—”‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ ‹–•‡Žˆ ƒˆ–‡” –Š‡ ƒ…ƒ†‡‹… –”ƒ‹‹‰ ”‡…‡‹˜‡†ó  ‘Š•–‘‡á Žƒ™•‹ ƒ† ‘™ƒás{yxãstu ⠄ ƒ…ƒ†‡‹… –”ƒ‹‹‰ ƒ† ò–Š‡ ‹† ‘ˆ ‡†—…ƒ–‹‘ ‘” ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ –”ƒ‹‹‰ ”‡…‡‹˜‡†ó ‘Š•–‘‡áŽƒ™•‹ƒ†‘™ƒás{yxãstu ⃐† … ƒ—–‘‘›ƒ–™‘”áŠ‡…‡–Šƒ–òƒ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹•–Š‡‘‡™Š‘’—–••’‡…‹ƒŽ ‡’Šƒ•‹•‘Š‹••‡”˜‹…‡á‘Š‹•‹–‡ŽŽ‡…–—ƒŽƒ…–‹˜‹–›á‘Š‹•ƒ—æ–‘‘›á ‘ Š‹• ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡ ƒ† ‹• ‹ ’‘••‡••‹‘ ‘ˆ •’‡…‹ƒŽ‹•‡† ‹–‡ŽŽ‡…–—ƒŽ–‡…Š‹“—‡• –Šƒ– ‡ƒ„Ž‡ ‡ˆˆ‹…‹‡– •‡”˜‹…‡ –‘ –Š‡ …‘—‹–›ó ƒ””惗æ†‡”• ƒ† ‹Ž•‘ás{uuãtzv⎆”‹†‰‡ƒ†˜‡––•á trru ä ‡•’‹–‡ –Š‡ ƒ––‡’– ‘ˆ ƒ› ‘–Š‡” ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡”• –‘ †‡ˆ‹‡ ™Š‘ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•



ƒ”‡ –Šƒ– …ƒ „—‹Ž† òƒ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ‹†‡–‹–›ó ”–‡‰ƒ ƒ† —ƒ‡•á trrrƒã sxw⎎‡”ƒ†‡‹‡”átrstãvw ᇘ‡–‘†ƒ›‹–‹•‘ˆ‡‘”‘—•…‘’Ž‡š‹–›–‘ ƒ•™‡” –Š‹• “—‡•–‹‘ä ‘Š•–‘‡á Žƒ™•‹ ƒ† ‘™ƒ s{yx  ‹†‡–‹ˆ‹‡† ƒ —„‡” ‘ˆ …‘‘ ˜ƒŽ—‡• ‘ˆ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•– ƒ• ƒ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ˆ”‘ Š‹• ‡†—…ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† –”ƒ‹‹‰á –Š‡ –›’‡ ‘ˆ …ƒ”‡‡” ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‡†á ƒ† –Š‡ †‡‘‰”ƒ’Š‹… ‡˜‹”‘‡– ƒ† •‘…‹ƒŽ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’•ä  ƒ††‹–‹‘á –‘†ƒ› …‘—Ž† „‡ ƒ††‡† –‘ –Š‡•‡ ˜ƒŽ—‡• –Š‡ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡• ˆ”‘ ‡™ –‡…Š‘Ž‘‰‹‡• ƒ† …‘–‡š– « ƒ—†‹‡…‡• ‘” —•‡”•á ‡†‹ƒ ƒ† ƒ”‡– ”‡Žƒ–‹‘• ‘” ’‘™‡” •–”—‰‰Ž‡•ä Š‹• •Š‘™• –Š‡ ˆŽ—…–—ƒ–‹‰á ˆŽ‡š‹„Ž‡á …‘–‡š–—ƒŽ ƒ† ”‡Žƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ƒ–—”‡ ‘ˆ ™Šƒ– ‹• †‡ˆ‹‡† ƒ• Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ƒ† Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–ä

 3URIHVVLRQDOGLYHUVLILFDWLRQLQ MRXUQDOLVP Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ –‘†ƒ› ‹• •Š‘™ –‘ „‡ ‘”‡ †‹˜‡”•‡ –Šƒ Š‘‘æ ‰‡‡‘—• †—‡ –‘ —Ž–‹’Ž‡ ˜ƒ”‹ƒ–• •—…Š ƒ• ‡™ –‡…Š‘Ž‘‰‹‡•á –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•æ –‹… …—Ž–—”‡ ‘ˆ ƒ ”‡‰‹‘á –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ƒ”‡– ƒ† ’‡”•‘ƒŽ …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹…• ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ä Š‡ ’Ž—”ƒŽ‹–› ‘ˆ ‘……—’ƒ–‹‘• ™‹–Š‹ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ƒ‡• ‹– ˜‡”› †‹ˆˆ‹…—Ž– –‘ †‡ˆ‹‡ –Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ ƒ† –Šƒ– Šƒ• –‘ „‡ ƒ’’”‘ƒ…Š‡† ˆ”‘ –Š‡ —Ž–‹ˆƒ…‡–‡†ƒ†—Ž–‹†‹•…‹’Ž‹ƒ”›’‘‹–‘ˆ˜‹‡™”–‡‰ƒátrru ä–—†‹‡••—…Š ƒ•–Š‡‘‡…ƒ””‹‡†‘—–„›‡ŽŽƒ†‘ƒ†…‘ŽŽätrryãsvs ’”‘˜‹†‡”‡•—Ž–•–Šƒ– •Š‘™ Š‘™ ò‹ ”‡…‡– ›‡ƒ”• –Š‡ …ƒ”‡‡” ‘’’‘”–—‹–‹‡• ƒ† Žƒ„‘—” ƒ”‡–• –Šƒ– ”‡…‡‹˜‡ –Š‡‡™ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ƒ”‡ …Šƒ‰‹‰ó䔑‘ˆ ‘ˆ –Š‹•‹•–Šƒ–‹ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ ƒ ‹…”‡ƒ•‹‰Ž› ‰”‡ƒ–‡”—„‡”‘ˆ•–—†‡–•ƒŒ‘”‹‰‹ ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ƒ† ƒ•• ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ †‘ ‘– ™‘” ‹ –”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽ ‡†‹ƒ‹ŽŽƒ–ƒ† ‡ƒ˜‡”átrrx yrä Š‹•Žƒ„‘—”ƒ†ƒ…ƒ†‡‹…†‹˜‡”•‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•‹•”‡†‡ˆ‹‹‰ Œ‘—”æ ƒŽ‹• ™Š‡”‡ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•– –‘†ƒ› Šƒ• ƒ „”‘ƒ† •’‡…–”— ‘ˆ ’‘••‹„‹Ž‹–‹‡• ƒ†‹–‡”•Š‹’•‘—–•‹†‡–Š‡–”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽ‡†‹ƒ•–”—…–—”‡‡ŽŽƒ†‘átrr{… ä  ƒ††‹–‹‘áƒ……‘”†‹‰–‘‡ƒ˜‡”ƒ†…‘ŽŽätrryãu áò‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡…ŠƒŽŽ‡‰‡•‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•‡†—…ƒ–‹‘–‘†ƒ›‹•Š‘™–‘ƒ††”‡••–Š‡‰”‘™‹‰’‡”…‡–ƒ‰‡‘ˆ •–—†‡–•™Š‘‰”ƒ†—ƒ–‡ƒ††‘‘–™‘”‹–”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽ‡†‹ƒƒ†‘˜‡ –‘ ‘–Š‡”ˆ‹‡Ž†•Ž‹‡…‘”’‘”ƒ–‡…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘‘”ƒ†˜‡”–‹•‹‰óä ‘•‡“—‡–Ž›á ƒ› ƒ––‡’– –‘ †‡–‡”‹‡ –Š‡ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ‹†‡–‹–‹‡• †‡ˆ‹‡† ƒ• Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• †‡’‡†• ‘ –Š‡ …‘–‡š– ƒ† –Š‡ ‡…‘‘‹…á •‘…‹ƒŽ ƒ† …—Ž–—”ƒŽ …‹”…—•–ƒ…‡•‘ˆƒ…‘—–”›á•—ˆˆ‡”‹‰˜ƒ”‹ƒ–‹‘•ƒ†–‡’‘”ƒŽƒ† •’ƒ–‹ƒŽ ˆŽ—…–—ƒ–‹‘•ä—–Š‘”••—…Šƒ•‡”‡‹”ƒtrrwãvty ‡’Šƒ•‹•‡–Šƒ–ò–‘†ƒ›™‡ ƒ”‡™‹–‡••‹‰ƒ•Š‹ˆ–ƒ™ƒ›ˆ”‘Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•‘ˆ‡†‹ƒƒ•ƒƒ”‡ƒ ’”‡ˆ‡”ƒæ



„Ž›™‹–Š‹…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘™Š‡”‡–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–ƒ’’‡ƒ”•ƒ•ƒ•–”ƒ–‡‰‹•–ƒ† ƒ•ƒ†‡•‹‰‡”‘ˆ˜ƒ”‹‘—•’”‘’‘•ƒŽ•‘ˆ…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘óƒ†–Š‡’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ …ƒ”‡‡”‹Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•áƒ……‘”†‹‰–‘—Ó‘œtrrxãszy ኃ•„‡…‘‡òƒ…ƒ”‡‡” ‘ˆ •‡”˜‹…‡á ƒ†Œ—•–‡† –‘ ™‘” ‹ ‹–‡”†‹•…‹’Ž‹ƒ”› ˆ‹‡Ž†• ƒ† ‹…”‡ƒ•‹‰Ž› ƒ™ƒ› ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ˆ‘”ƒŽ •–”—…–—”‡• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒ•• ‡†‹ƒá ™Š‹…Š ‡ƒ• –Šƒ– •–—†‡–•á–‡ƒ…Š‡”•ƒ†—‹˜‡”•‹–‹‡•ƒ••—‡”‡•’‘•‹„Ž‡á’Ž—”ƒŽƒ†”‡ƒŽ‹•–‹… –”ƒ‹‹‰á‘’‡‹‰—’ƒŽ–‡”ƒ–‹˜‡…ƒ”‡‡”’ƒ–Š•™‹–Š‘—–Ž‘•‹‰–Š‡‹” Œ‘—”ƒæ Ž‹•–‹…‹†‡–‹–›óä ‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ …—””‡– ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ˆ‹‡Ž†• ‹ ™Š‹…Š –Š‡”‡ Šƒ• „‡‡ ‘”‡ ’”‘æ ‰”‡•• ‹• –Š‡ ‘‡ Ž‹‡† –‘ –Š‡ ’”‘†—…–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ä Š‡”‡ ‹• ƒ •‹‰‹ˆ‹…ƒ– ’‡”…‡–ƒ‰‡ ‘ˆ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ• ™Š‘ ’‘••‡•• ƒ †‡‰”‡‡ ‹ ‘—”æ ƒŽ‹•ƒ†™‘”™‹–Š‹–Š‡…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘‘ˆˆ‹…‡•ä ‘”–Š‹•”‡ƒ•‘áƒ†Ž‹‡† –‘ –Š‡ –‘ –Š‹• ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’ „‡–™‡‡ –Š‡•‡ …ƒ„‹‡–• ™‹–Š –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒá–Š‡›ƒ”‡ …‘•‹†‡”‡† ƒ• Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• „› •‘‡ ƒ—–Š‘”•ä ‡…‡á –Š‹• …Žƒ••‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• •Š‘™• ƒ ò‹†‡’‡†‡– Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ƒ†á™‹–Š‹ –Š‹•á –Š‡ •…‘’‡ ‘ˆ ”‡ƒŽ‹–› ‹ ™Š‹…Š Š‹• ™‘” ‹• …‡–”‡†á –Šƒ– ‹•á –Š‡•’‡…‹ƒŽ–›‘” –Š‡ƒ–‹……‘–‡––Šƒ–• Š‡ƒ††”‡••‡•ó‡ƒŽtrrwãsux⎎‡”ƒ†‡‹‡”trst ä

 8QLYHUVLW\HGXFDWLRQDQG MRXUQDOLVP —””‡–Ž›‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡„ƒ•‡•‘ˆ–Š‡’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•‹•—‹æ ˜‡”•‹–›ƒ†’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ–”ƒ‹‹‰ä……‘”†‹‰–‘ŽŽ‡”ƒ†‡‹‡”trstãv{ á ò‹• ‘– ‹–‡†‡†–‘ •–ƒ–‡ ‘” †‡› ‹ ƒ› ™ƒ› –Šƒ– ™‡ …ƒ ‰‡– ‘” ‘–  ƒ ––‡”—”ƒŽ‹•‹ˆ–Š‡”‡Šƒ•„‡‡ƒ—‹˜‡”•‹–›†‡‰”‡‡‹Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ƒ† –Š‡ ™‡ Šƒ˜‡ Ž‡ƒ”‡† –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… –‡…Š‹“—‡• ‹ ƒ ‡†‹–‘”‹ƒŽ ‘ˆˆ‹…‡óä ‘ƒ••‡”––Š‹•™‘—Ž†ˆƒŽŽ‹–‘–Š‡”‡†—…–‹‘‹•–ƒ”‡ƒƒ†™‘—Ž†„‡ˆ—ŽŽ›”‡æ –”ƒ…–ƒ„Ž‡„‡…ƒ—•‡‹–™‘—Ž†‘˜‡ƒ™ƒ›•‹‰‹ˆ‹…ƒ–Ž›ˆ”‘ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹˜‡ ”‡ƒŽ‹–›á‡•’‡…‹ƒŽŽ›‹…—ƒ†‘”ä – ˆ‹”•–á –Š‡ ‡†—…ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ –”ƒ‹‹‰ ‘ˆ ˆ—–—”‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡• –Š‡‹” ’‡”æ …‡’–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒ†òŽ‡ƒ†•–Š‡–‘”‡ƒŽ‹•‡–Š‡‹”’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ’”ƒ…–‹…‡• ‹ …‡”–ƒ‹ ™ƒ›•ó  ”ÚŠŽ‹…Š ƒ† ‘Ž–œæƒ…Šƒá trruã us{ ä ‘™‡˜‡”á –Š‡‹” ‡š’‡”‹‡…‡ ‹ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ò’”‘†—…‡• ƒ ‡ˆˆ‡…– –Šƒ– ‹• ‘”‡ ’‘™‡”ˆ—Ž–Šƒ –Š‡ ˆ‘”ƒ–‹˜‡ ƒ––‹–—†‡• ƒ† ƒ•’‹”ƒ–‹‘• –Šƒ– ˆ—–—”‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ™Š‘ ƒ”‡ ‹ –Š‡ ‡†—…ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ’”‘…‡•• ”‡…‡‹˜‡ó ƒ†‡”• ƒ† …‘ŽŽäá trrzã svz ä —”–Š‡”‘”‡á Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ƒŽ•‘ …‘•–”—…– –Š‡‹” ‹†‡–‹–› ƒ• ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ• ˆ”‘‹ˆ‘”ƒŽ …Šƒ‡Ž• •—…Š ƒ• …‘–ƒ…– ™‹–Š ˆ‡ŽŽ‘™ •–—†‡–• ƒ– —‹˜‡”•‹–› ŽŽ‹‘––á s{vy  ƒ†„›…‘–ƒ…–™‹–Š–Š‡‘–Š‡”Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•‹–Š‡‹”™‘”‹‰’Žƒ…‡•™‹–Š ™Š‘



–Š‡› ‹–‡”ƒ…–á ƒ…“—‹”‹‰ ƒ ‡š’‡”‹‡…‡ ƒ••‹‹Žƒ–‡† ƒ• ‘•‘•‹•”‡‡†ás{ww ä Š‡–”—–Š‹•–Šƒ––Š‡–”ƒ‹‹‰‘ˆ‡†‹ƒ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ•‹•…‘–”‘˜‡”•‹ƒŽ„‡…ƒ—•‡ ò–Š‡”‡ ‹• ‘ †‘—„– –Šƒ– ‹– ‹• ƒ —‹˜‡”•‹–› ƒ”‡ƒ –Šƒ– ‹• …‘–‹—ƒŽŽ›“—‡•–‹‘‡† ƒ† –Š‡”‡ ‹• •–‹ŽŽ †‡„ƒ–‡ ™Š‡–Š‡” ‹– ‹• ƒ •…‹‡–‹ˆ‹… †‹•…‹’Ž‹‡ ‘”™Š‡–Š‡” ‹– ‹• Œ—•– ƒ ˆ‹‡Ž† ‘ˆ —Ž–‹†‹•…‹’Ž‹ƒ”› •–—†›ó ‘œƒ‘ ƒ† ƒ”‹Ó‘átrsrã txs ä  …—ƒ†‘”á †—‡ –‘ –Š‹• ‹†‡…‹•‹‘á —‹˜‡”•‹–‹‡• Šƒ˜‡ ‘’–‡† ˆ‘”ƒˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ‹–‡”ƒ†–”ƒ•†‹•…‹’Ž‹ƒ”›…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹–Š‡‹”—‹˜‡”•‹–›– ”ƒ‹‹‰ ’”‘’‘•ƒŽ ”‡Žƒ–‡† –‘ ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ …‹‡…‡• —À ƒ† ƒ”–À‡œátrsu⎎‡”átrsv ä …—ƒ†‘”–Š‡”‡‹•ƒ‘’‡…‘ˆŽ‹…–„‡–™‡‡ò‰”ƒ†—ƒ–‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ó «—•—ƒŽŽ› ™‹–Š Ž‡•• ‡š’‡”‹‡…‡ « ƒ– —‹˜‡”•‹–› ƒ† –Š‡ ò‡’‹”‹…ƒŽ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ó« ™‹–Š ƒ Ž‘‰ …ƒ”‡‡” ‹ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ « –Šƒ– Šƒ˜‡ …‘†—…–‡† –Š‡‹” –”ƒ‹‹‰ ‹–Š‡ ‡™•”‘‘• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ™Š‡”‡ –Š‡› Šƒ˜‡ ™‘”‡†ä ‹–Š–Š‹•‡š’‘•—”‡á™‡‹–‡† –‘…Žƒ”‹ˆ› ƒ†ƒ˜‘‹† –Š‹•…‘ˆŽ‹…–„ƒ•‡†‘ –Š‡†—ƒŽ‹–›„‡–™‡‡ò‡’‹”‹…ƒŽó‘”òƒ…ƒ†‡‹…󌑗”ƒŽ‹•–•äŠ‡”‡ƒŽŽ› ‹æ ’‘”–ƒ–ƒ•’‡…–Ⴥ…‘”†‹‰–‘–Š‡•–—†›‘ˆ”–‡‰ƒƒ†—ƒ‡•trrr„ á‹• –Šƒ–Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–”ƒ‹‹‰ƒ–—‹˜‡”•‹–‹‡•‹•–Š‡”‡•—Ž–‘ˆ–Š”‡‡˜ƒ”‹ƒ„Ž‡•ã s  –Š‡‹–‡”‡•–‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒ‹‹’”‘˜‹‰–Š‡“—ƒŽ‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘•‘ˆ–Š‡‹”™‘”‡”•â t –Š‡†‡…‹•‹‘–ƒ‡„›—‹˜‡”•‹–‹‡•áˆƒ…—Ž–‹‡•‘ˆ…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ƒ†…‘ŽŽ‡‰‡• –‘ ’”‘˜‹†‡ –”ƒ‹‹‰ „ƒ•‡† ‘ •…‹‡–‹ˆ‹… ƒ† “—ƒŽ‹–› …”‹–‡”‹ƒâ ƒ† u –Š‡ …‘•‹†‡”ƒ–‹‘ „› –Š‡ ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ •›•–‡ –‘ …”‡ƒ–‡ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹˜‡ Ž‡˜‡Ž ˆ—…–‹‘ƒŽ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘•ä  ’”ƒ…–‹…ƒŽ –‡”• –Š‹• –”ƒ‹‹‰ ‹• ƒŽ•‘ ‹’‘”–ƒ– „‡…ƒ—•‡áƒ••–ƒ–‡†„›ƒ…Š‹ƒ†…ƒŽŽ›trry ᗐ‡’Ž‘›‡– †‡…”‡ƒ•‡• ƒ‘‰‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ•™Š‘Šƒ˜‡ƒ—‹˜‡”•‹–›†‡‰”‡‡áƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š‹–•Š‘—Ž†„‡‘–‡†á ƒ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ ž…Š‡œæŽƒ˜ƒ””Àƒ trsvã wr á –Šƒ– ò•‘‡–‹‡• –Š‡› †‘ ‘– ™‘” ‹ –Š‡ ƒ”‡ƒ ‹ ™Š‹…Š –Š‡› •–—†‹‡†óä Š‡ †‡„ƒ–‡ ‘ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ƒ• ƒ ƒ…ƒ†‡‹… †‹•…‹’Ž‹‡ ‹ —‹˜‡”•‹–‹‡• Šƒ• „‡‡‘……—””‹‰‹”‡…‡–›‡ƒ”•‘–‘Ž›‹…—ƒ†‘”á„—–‹‘•– …‘—–”‹‡• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ™‘”Ž†ä •’‡…– –Šƒ– •Š‘™• Š‘™ –Š‡ „ƒŽƒ…‡ „‡–™‡‡ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ‹æ †—•–”›ƒ†—‹˜‡”•‹–›‡†—…ƒ–‹‘”‡ƒ‹•‘˜‡”–‹‡‡—œ‡átrrw ä …ƒ†‡æ ‹…••—…Šƒ•‰—‹ƒ‰ƒs{zr ƒ† ‰Ž‡•‹ƒ•trrv †‡ˆ‡†–Š‡ ‹’‘”–ƒ…‡ ‘ˆ ƒ ”‡‰—Žƒ–‡† Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ‡†—…ƒ–‹‘á –Š‡ ˆ‹”•– „ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡ ‹’‘”–ƒ…‡ ‘ˆ ‹…‘”’‘”ƒ–‹‰ •–—†‹‡• ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ƒ† ƒ•• …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ˆ‘” –Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‹• ƒ…–‹˜‹–› ƒ†á –Š‡ •‡…‘†á ‘ •—„˜‡”•‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”‹‰Š––‘’”‡••ˆ”‡‡†‘‹–Š‡ƒ…ƒ†‡‹…ƒ†—‹˜‡”•‹–›…‘—‹–›ä –Š‡” ƒ—–Š‘”••—…Šƒ•‹‡œŠƒ†‹‘ᇜ—ƒ”–‡ƒƒ†‘…ƒs{{vãvtævu ኑ™‡˜‡”á



†‘‘–†‹•…—••–Š‡‡‡†ˆ‘”ƒ•‘Ž‹†—‹˜‡”•‹–›‡†—…ƒ–‹‘‘”–Š‡‰—ƒ”ƒ–‡‡‘ˆ ƒ†‡‰”‡‡‹ ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘…‹‡…‡•á„—–ƒ„‘—–ò–Š‡ˆŽ‡š‹„‹Ž‹–›‘ˆƒ……‡•• –‘ƒ ‡†‹ƒ –Šƒ–á ‹– …ƒ‘– „‡ ˆ‘”‰‘––‡á ‹• ƒ ‹†—•–”› ˆ‘” ’”‘ˆ‹– ƒ• ™‡ŽŽ ƒ• ’—„Ž‹… •‡”˜‹…‡óä ‘–Š‡”ˆ—†ƒ‡–ƒŽ‹••—‡‹–Š‹•†‡„ƒ–‡‘–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹…’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘‹• –Š‡ ”‡‰—Žƒ–‡† –”ƒ‹‹‰ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•‹ —‹˜‡”•‹–‹‡• ƒ† –Š‡‹” ƒ……‡•• –‘’”ƒ…–‹…‡ ‹ƒ…‘–”‘ŽŽ‡†ƒ‡”ž…Š‡œátrrw á•‹…‡ò–Š‡”‡‹•‘™ƒ‘˜‡”ƒ„—†ƒ…‡ ‘ˆ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ•ƒ†Žƒ…‘ˆŒ‘„•ó””‘›ƒ˜‡ƒ†Žƒ…‘átrrwãuxy ä–Š‡’”‘‘ˆ ‘ˆ –Š‹• ‹• –Šƒ– ƒ……‘”†‹‰ –‘  á ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒŠƒ†sártx’”‘‰”ƒ• ‘ˆˆ‡”‡†‹ˆƒ…—Ž–‹‡•ƒ†•…Š‘‘Ž•‘ˆ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ƒ† ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ‹ trrwá „—– ò˜‡”› ˆ‡™ •…Š‘‘Ž• ‘ˆ ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ‹ –Š‡ ƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒ”‡‰‹‘Šƒ˜‡’Žƒ• –Šƒ–ƒŽŽ‘™–Š‡‰”ƒ†—ƒ–‡•–—†‡––‘ƒ……‡••’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽˆ‹‡Ž†•–Šƒ–ƒ”‡‘–’ƒ”– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ‹†—•–”›ó Š‘‰ ƒ†‘†”À‰—‡œá trrxâ ‡ŽŽƒ†‘á ƒŽ‹ƒ• ƒ† ƒ””Àƒátrr{ã{v ä  …—ƒ†‘”á •‹…‡ –Š‡ …”‡ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ˆ‹”•– ƒ…—Ž–› ‘ˆ ‘…‹ƒŽ ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ƒ– –Š‡ ‡–”ƒŽ ‹˜‡”•‹–› ‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘” ‹ s{vuá –Š‡ ƒ…ƒ†‡‹… –”ƒ‹‹‰ ‹ –Š‡ ˆ‹‡Ž† ‘ˆ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ Šƒ• „‡‡ •–”‡‰–Š‡‡† –‘ –‘–ƒŽ t{ ‘ŽŽ‡‰‡• ƒ† …Š‘‘Ž• ‘ˆ ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ‘—”ƒŽ‹• –‘†ƒ›ysä ‡•’‹–‡ –Š‹•á —‹˜‡”•‹–› …—””‹…—Žƒ ƒŽŽƒ• …—””‹…—Žƒ”‡•  ƒ”‡ …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•‡† „› –Š‡ •–ƒ†ƒ”†‹•‡†á –Š‡‘”‡–‹…ƒŽá ‘—–†ƒ–‡† …‘–‡–• ƒ† ‘– ˜‡”› •‡– –‘ ‡†‹ƒ ”‡ƒŽ‹–› ‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘” ƒ† –Š‡ ‡™ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ –‡…Š‘Ž‘‰‹‡•   ä Š‹• ‹• ‘– ‡™á „—– ƒ …‘–‹æ —ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒ…ƒ†‡‹… ’”‘’‘•ƒŽ• ‘ˆ ’ƒ•– †‡…ƒ†‡•ä  •–—†› ‹ ƒ–‹ ‡æ ”‹…ƒá …‘†—…–‡† ‹ s{{v „› –Š‡ …Š‘‘Ž ‘ˆ ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ƒ† ƒ•• ‡†‹ƒ ƒ– Ž‘”‹†ƒ –‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ‹˜‡”•‹–›á …‘…Ž—†‡† –Šƒ– –Š‡ ‡†—…ƒ–‹‘ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•”‡…‡‹˜‡† ‹ …‘ŽŽ‡‰‡ ò™ƒ• •‘ „ƒ† –Šƒ– •‘‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡á ƒ† •‘‡ ‡š‡…—–‹˜‡•á’”ƒ‹•‡† Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… –”ƒ‹‹‰ ”‡…‡‹˜‡† „› –Š‡ ”‡† ‘”…‡•ó ‹”–—‡ ƒ† …‘ŽŽäá s{{vã zy ä – –Š‡ „‡‰‹‹‰ ‘ˆ –Š‹• …‡–—”› —‹–”א ƒ† •–—†‹ŽŽ‘trrw ዐ–Š‡‹”ƒƒŽ›•‹•‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•‹…—ƒ†‘”á•–ƒ–‡†–Šƒ–ãs –Š‡ ‡†—…ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ•›•–‡ ™ƒ• ’‘‘” ƒ† ‘ …‘ŽŽ‡‰‡ ˆƒ…‹Ž‹–ƒ–‡† –Š‡ ‹–‡ŽŽ‡…–—ƒŽ ƒ† ‡–Š‘†‘掑‰‹…ƒŽ –‘‘Ž• ‡…‡••ƒ”›ˆ‘” ƒ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ˆ—–—”‡á ƒ† t  –‡ƒ…Š‡”• Šƒ† ‘–‡‘—‰Š–”ƒ‹‹‰ƒ†‡š’‡”‹‡…‡‹Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ä Š‹• ‘—–†ƒ–‡† ƒ…ƒ†‡‹… •›•–‡ ƒ† –Š‡•‡ ‹•ƒ–…Š‡• „‡–™‡‡ –”ƒ‹‹‰ ‹ —‹˜‡”•‹–‹‡• ƒ† …ƒ”‡‡” ‘’’‘”–—‹–‹‡• ‹ …—ƒ†‘” Šƒ• …ƒ—•‡† ƒ ‹„ƒŽƒ…‡ „‡–™‡‡ •—’’Ž› ƒ† †‡ƒ† ‘ˆ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ•–Šƒ– ‹• Ž‡ƒ†‹‰ –‘ –Š‡ …‘ŽŽƒ’•‡ ƒ†•ƒ–—”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ…‡”–ƒ‹Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹…–ƒ••«‡•’‡…‹ƒŽŽ›–Š‘•‡†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡†™‹–Š‹ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘â ™Š‹Ž‡ ‘–Š‡”•á „› –Š‡‹” ˜ƒ‰—‡‡••á ƒ”‡ •–‹ŽŽ‹



Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹˜‡ Ž‹„‘ ƒ†á ‘ ƒ› ‘……ƒ•‹‘•á ƒ”‡ †‡ˆ‹‡† „› –Š‡ ‡††Ž‹‰ƒ† –Š‡‹–”—•‹‘‘ˆ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ•ˆ”‘‘–Š‡”ƒ”‡ƒ•«•‡…”‡–ƒ”‹ƒ–ᇅ‘‘›á’—„Ž‹… ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•á ‡–…ä Š—•á ‹ …—ƒ†‘” –Š‡”‡ ‹• •–‹ŽŽ –Š‡ •ƒ‡ ‹•–ƒ‡ –Šƒ–Šƒ•„‡‡ ‘……—””‹‰ ‹ –Š‡ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ …‘–‡š– ƒ† –Šƒ– ‡ŽŽƒ†‘ ƒ† …‘ŽŽä trry  ‡’Šƒ•‹•‡ãò–‘ƒ••—‡–Šƒ––Š‡’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ™Š‘†‘‡•‘– ™‘”‹–Š‡ƒ•• ‡†‹ƒ‹•‘–ƒŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–óä –Š‡’”‘…‡••‘ˆ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•…‘†—…–‡†„› á ò–Š‡ƒ…–—ƒŽ†‡ƒ†‘ˆ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ•‹•„‡‹‰‹†‡–‹ˆ‹‡†–‘†‡•‹‰–Š‡†‡‰”‡‡• ƒ–—‹˜‡”•‹–‹‡•ƒ†‘–Š‡”•…Š‘‘Ž•«–‘‰‡–Š‡”™‹–Šóyt yu䊗•á–Š‡•‡ ’—„Ž‹…‘”‰ƒ‹••ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™–Š‡’”‘’‘•ƒŽ„›—Àƒ†ƒ”–À‡œ trsu  •–ƒ–‹‰ –Šƒ– –Š‡ —Ž–‹†‹•…‹’Ž‹ƒ”› ’‘•‹–‹‘ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ‹ …—ƒ†‘” ƒ† ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ ƒ† ƒ”‡– –”‡†• ƒ”‡ Ž‡ƒ†‹‰ –‘ ƒ Š—ƒ‹•–‹… –”ƒ‹‹‰ ƒ† ƒ –‡…Š‹…ƒŽ –”ƒ‹‹‰ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ˆ—–—”‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ•ä ‘™‡˜‡”á ‹ –Š‹•’”‘…‡•• ‘ˆ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘á –Š‡ …‘–‹—‘—• –”ƒ‹‹‰ ‹ ‡™•”‘‘• ‹• ‘– …‘–‡’Žƒ–‡†á ƒ• …‘ˆ‹”‡† „› –Š‡ ”‡•—Ž–• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– ‡†‹ƒ ˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‹‘‡’‘”–trss…ƒ””‹‡†‘—–„›áƒ•–Š‡•‹‰Ž‡æŽ‡˜‡Ž •—’’‘”–‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ‹• Ž‘™ä ”‘‘ˆ ‘ˆ –Š‹• ‹• –Šƒ– xr¨ ‘ˆ ”‡•’‘†‡–• …‘ˆ‹” –Š‡›†‹† ‘– ”‡…‡‹˜‡ ƒ› •—’’‘”– ˆ”‘ –Š‡‹” ‡†‹ƒ ˆ‘” –Š‡‹” ’‡”•‘ƒŽ …‘–‹—‘—• †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–ƒ†‘Ž›yäw¨Šƒ˜‡”‡…‡‹˜‡†‹–˜‹ƒ†‹•–ƒ…‡Ž‡ƒ”‹‰ä ‹ƒŽŽ›á ƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š –Š‡”‡ ‹• ‘ —‹ˆ‘” ’‘•‹–‹‘ ‘ –Š‡ ‡‡† ˆ‘” ”‡‰—Žƒ–‡† ƒ…ƒ†‡‹…ƒ†˜‘…ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ–”ƒ‹‹‰‹–Š‡’”‘…‡••‘ˆ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ƒ†‹–Š‡•‡•‡‘ˆ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹•‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•áƒ•ƒŽŽ‹ƒ† ƒ…‹‹trrvãur •ƒ›áòˆ‘”ƒŽ–”ƒ‹‹‰‹•‹…”‡ƒ•‹‰Ž›…‘‘ƒ†‘ˆ–‡ ’Žƒ›• ƒ ‹’‘”–ƒ– ”‘Ž‡ ‹ –Š‡ †‡ˆ‹‹–‹‘ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ƒ• ƒ ‘……—’ƒ–‹‘ ‘”•‘…‹ƒŽ‹•–‹–—–‹‘óä—–„‡•‹†‡•á–Š‡›’‘‹–‘—––Šƒ–ò‹–‹•‘–‡••‡–‹ƒŽ –‘ –Š‡’”ƒ…–‹…‡‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•á•‹…‡–Š‡”‡‹•‘–ƒ•–”‘‰…‘””‡Žƒ–‹‘„‡–™‡‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽƒ—–‘‘›ƒ†ˆ‘”ƒŽ–”ƒ‹‹‰óä

 $XWRQRP\DVRQHRIWKHSLOODUVRI SURIHVVLRQDOLVP Š‡ ƒ—–‘‘› ‘ˆ ƒ •‘…‹ƒŽ •›•–‡ ‹• †‡ˆ‹‡†ƒ• ò–Š‡ ƒ„‹Ž‹–› ‘ˆ –Š‡ •›•–‡ –‘ ƒƒ‰‡ ‘” –‘ •‡Žˆæ”‡‰—Žƒ–‡ –Š‡ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’„‡–™‡‡ –Š‡ ‡š–‡”ƒŽ ”‡ˆ‡æ ”‡…‡• ƒ† •‡Žˆæ”‡ˆ‡”‡…‡•ó —Šƒá s{xzã yrz ä ›•–‡• ƒ”‡ •–”—…–—”ƒŽŽ› ‘”‹‡–‡†–‘–Š‡‡˜‹”‘‡–ƒ†á™‹–Š‘—–‹–á–Š‡›…‘—Ž†‘–‡š‹•–ã–Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡á‹– ‹• ‘– ƒ ‘……ƒ•‹‘ƒŽ…‘–ƒ…–‘”ƒ‡”‡ ƒ†ƒ’–ƒ–‹‘äŠ‡•›•–‡• ƒ”‡ ˆ‘”‡† ƒ† ƒ‹–ƒ‹‡† –Š”‘—‰Š –Š‡ …”‡ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ’”‡•‡”˜ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡†‹ˆˆ‡”‡…‡ ™‹–Š –Š‡ ‡˜‹”‘‡– ƒ† —•‡ –Š‡‹” „‘—†ƒ”‹‡• –‘ ”‡‰—Žƒ–‡ –Š‹•†‹ˆˆ‡”‡…‡ä



‹–Š‘—– –Š‹• †‹ˆˆ‡”‡…‡á •‡Žˆæ”‡ˆ‡”‡…‡ ™‘—Ž† ‘– ‡š‹•– „‡…ƒ—•‡‹– ‹• –Š‡ ’”‡‹•‡ˆ‘”–Š‡ ˆ—…–‹‘ ‘ˆƒŽŽ•‡Žˆæ”‡ˆ‡”‡–‹ƒŽ‘’‡”ƒ–‹‘•ä  –Š‹•”‡‰ƒ”†á –Š‡ …‘•‡”˜ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ Ž‹‹–• ‹• –Š‡ …‘•‡”˜ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ •›•–‡ —Šƒás{{z ä Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ •›•–‡ ™‘—Ž† „‡ ƒ—–‘‘‘—• ‹ˆ ‹– ™ƒ• ƒ„Ž‡ –‘ „‡ ‹†‡’‡†‡– ‘ˆ ‹–• ‡˜‹”‘‡–á •‡Ž‡…–‹‰ …‡”–ƒ‹ ˆ‡ƒ–—”‡• ƒ† ”‡Œ‡…–‹‰ ‘–Š‡”• ƒ• ƒ ‡–Š‘†‘ˆ’”‘–‡…–‹‘äŠ‡ƒ—–‘‘›‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•†‡–‡”‹‡•–Š‡‹”…ƒæ’ƒ…‹–› ƒ••‡Žˆæ”‡ˆ‡”‡–‹ƒŽ•‹…‡áƒ……‘”†‹‰–‘‡‹…Šƒ†ƒ‹–œ•…Štrsu á‹– ’”‘–‡…–• –Š‡ ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡• –Šƒ– …‘‡ ˆ”‘ ‡š–‡”ƒŽ Ž‡˜‡Ž• « –Š‡•’‡…‹ˆ‹… ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ”—Ž‡• ”‡‰ƒ”†‹‰ ƒ—–‘‘› …‘—Ž† ‘– ‰‘˜‡” –Š‡ ’”ƒ…–‹…‡ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ‹ˆ –Š‹• ’”ƒ…–‹…‡ ™ƒ• …‘–”‘ŽŽ‡† „› ‡š–‡”ƒŽ ƒ…–‘”• ƒŽŽ‹ ƒ† ƒ…‹‹á trrv  ƒ† ˆ”‘ Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹˜‡ …‘–‡š–á ƒ‘‰ ‘–Š‡” ˆƒ…–‘”•ä‘‡ ƒ—–Š‘”• Šƒ˜‡ •Š‘™ –Š‡ •–”‘‰ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡ –Šƒ– ‹• ‰‹˜‡ „› –Š‡ ‡…‘‘‹… ƒ† ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ •›•–‡ Šƒ˜‡”‘á trsw â ƒ† ‹–‡”ƒŽ « –Š‡ †‡‰”‡‡ ‘ˆ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ƒ—–‘‘› –Šƒ– ƒ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–á ƒ– –Š‡ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ Ž‡˜‡Žá …ƒ ‡Œ‘›‹• †‹”‡…–Ž› ”‡Žƒ–‡† –‘ –Š‡ ‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ •–”—…–—”‡ ‘ˆ Š‹• ‡†‹ƒ …Š‘ŽŽ ƒ† ‡‹•…Š‡„‡”‰á s{{{ ä Ž–Š‘—‰Š –Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡ ‘–Š‡” ƒ—–Š‘”• ˆ‘” ™Š‘ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘‹ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ƒ”‹•‡• ˆ”‘ –Š‡ …”‹–‡”‹ƒ –Šƒ– Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• •Šƒ”‡ ‘‡™•™‘”–Š›‡™•á”‡‰ƒ”†Ž‡••‘ˆ–Š‡‹”’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ‘”‹‡–ƒ–‹‘•ä†–Š‡ ˆƒ…––Šƒ– Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• –‡† –‘ †‡ˆ‹‡ –Š‡‹” ’‘•‹–‹‘ ‹ –Š‡ ˆ‹‡Ž† ƒ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ –Š‡‹”ˆ‡ŽŽ‘™Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ï‘’‹‹‘•ƒ†‘––‘‘–Š‡”‡š–‡”ƒŽƒ…–‘”•…Š‘ŽŽƒ† ‡‹•…Š‡„‡”‰ás{{{⎎‡”ƒ†‡‹‡”átrst ä  ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒá Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• Šƒ˜‡ ƒ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ †‹•’—–‡ ™Š‡”‡ ò–Š‡”‡ ‹• ƒ †‹˜‹•‹‘ „‡–™‡‡ –Š‡ –‹‰Š– …‘–”‘Ž ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ •›•–‡ ƒ† –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒæ Ž‹•–‹…ƒ—–‘‘›ó—×–‘Ž‘ás{zyãsut ä…—ƒ†‘”‹•‘‡š…‡’–‹‘áƒ•–Š‡ ”‡•—Ž–• ‘„–ƒ‹‡† ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ’”‘Œ‡…– ò ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… —Ž–—”‡ ‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘”   ó•Š‘™ Š‘™ –Š‡ …—ƒ†‘”‹ƒ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡† ˆ‡‡Žá ‡•’‡…‹ƒŽŽ›á –Š‡ ’”‡••—”‡ ˆ”‘ ”‡‰—Žƒ–‘”› ‘”‰ƒ‹•• •—…Š ƒ• –Š‡   ƒ† á –Š‡ ‘—æ ‹…ƒ–‹‘• ƒ™ ƒ† …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ’‘Ž‹…‹‡• ‹’Ž‡‡–‡† „› –Š‡ –ƒ–‡ä ˆ ™‡ –ƒŽ ƒ„‘—– ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ‹ …—ƒ†‘”á –Š‡ Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘ˆ ƒ—–‘æ ‘› ‹• ƒ ˆ‡ƒ–—”‡ –Šƒ– †‡–‡”‹‡• ™Š‡–Š‡” ƒ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ ‹• Š‡ƒŽ–Š› ŽŽ‡”átrsv •‹…‡–Š‹•…‘…‡’–”‡’”‡•‡–•–Š‡ˆ”‡‡†‘‘ˆ–Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•‹ –Š‡‹” ™‘” ™‹–Š‘—– „‡‹‰ …‘–”‘ŽŽ‡† „› ‡š–‡”ƒŽ ‘” ‹–‡”ƒŽ ˆ‘”…‡• …Š‘ŽŽ ƒ†‡‹•…Š‡„‡”‰á s{{{ ä ò ‘—”ƒŽ‹• Šƒ• •‘‡–‹‡• „‡‡ …‘•‹†‡”‡† ƒ •‡‹æ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ •‹…‡ ‹–• ƒ—–‘‘›ƒ•™‘”‘”‹†‡’‡†‡–ƒ†•‹‰—Žƒ”’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘Šƒ•‘– „‡‡ ™‡ŽŽ†‡ˆ‡†‡†ƒ†‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡†ó‡ƒ˜‡”ƒ†…‘ŽŽäátrryãys yvƒ†„‡…ƒ—•‡



ò–Š‡Ž‡˜‡Ž‘ˆƒ—–‘‘›‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•‹•ƒ†›ƒ‹……‘…‡’–ˆŽ‘™‹‰ƒ†–Šƒ– …‘–‹—ƒŽŽ›‡‡–•–Š‡‡‡†•‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•óŒ‘˜ƒƒ‰átrsuãsxv yw䇕’‹–‡ …‡”–ƒ‹ †‹ˆˆ‹…—Ž–‹‡•á ‹ …—ƒ†‘” –Š‡ ‡š‹•–‡…‡ ‘ˆ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ •–ƒ†ƒ”†• ‹• ‡˜‹†‡–Ž›ƒ††‹”‡…–Ž›”‡Žƒ–‡†–‘–Š‡Ž‡˜‡Ž‘ˆƒ—–‘‘›‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ä‘™‡æ ˜‡”á –Š‡”‡ ‹• ƒ ‡‰ƒ–‹˜‡ ƒ––‹–—†‡ ‘ –Š‡ ’ƒ”– ‘ˆ …‡”–ƒ‹ ‡†‹ƒ ƒ† Œ‘—”æ ƒŽ‹•–•yx ”‡‰ƒ”†‹‰ ‡†‹ƒ …‘–”‘Ž ˆ”‘ –Š‡ –ƒ–‡ ƒ† ”‡‰—Žƒ–‘”› ƒ‰‡…‹‡• „‡…ƒ—•‡‹–‹•…‘•‹†‡”‡†‹˜ƒ•‹˜‡ƒ†‹’‘•‡†•‹…‡‹–…‘‡•ˆ”‘‘—–•‹†‡ ƒ†‹•–‹–—–‹‘•–Šƒ–ƒ”‡•‡’ƒ”ƒ–‡ˆ”‘Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ä ƒ‹–œ•…Šƒ†…‘ŽŽätrrz …‘ˆ‹”‡†”‡‰ƒ”†‹‰’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽƒ—–‘‘› ‹ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• –Šƒ– –Š‡ ’‡”…‡’–‹‘ –Šƒ– Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• Šƒ˜‡ †‡’‡†• ƒ‹Ž› ‘ –Š‡ ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ƒ† Ž‡‰ƒŽ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡•á ™Š‹…Š ƒ”‡ ”‡•’‘•‹„Ž‡ ˆ‘” •–”—…–—”‹‰ –Š‡’ƒ”ƒ‡–‡”•„›™Š‹…Š‡†‹ƒ•›•–‡•ƒ”‡”‡‰—Žƒ–‡†ƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š–Š‡Ž‹‹–• ‹’‘•‡†„›–Š‡‡†‹ƒ‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘•ƒ†…‘‡”…‹ƒŽ‹’‡”ƒ–‹˜‡•ƒ”‡”ƒ‹æ •‡†‹…”‡ƒ•‹‰Ž›„›Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ƒ•…ŠƒŽŽ‡‰‡•–‘‘˜‡”…‘‡ˆ‘” Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… ƒ—–‘‘› 䊇…‘…Ž—•‹‘•†”ƒ™„›–Š‡ƒ—–Š‘”•…‘—Ž†„‡ƒ’’Ž‹‡†–‘ –Š‡ …—ƒ†‘”‹ƒŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……‘–‡š–„‡…ƒ—•‡–Š‡›•Š‡†Ž‹‰Š–‘–Š‡…—””‡–†‡æ „ƒ–‡„‡…ƒ—•‡–Š‡’‡”…‡‹˜‡†Ž‡˜‡Ž‘ˆƒ—–‘‘›‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ƒ†–Š‡‡†‹ƒ ‹–Š‡…‘—–”›‹•‹˜‡”•‡Ž›”‡Žƒ–‡†–‘Ž‹‹–ƒ–‹‘•‹’‘•‡†ˆ”‘‘—–•‹†‡ä Š‡ ƒ‹ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡• ‘ –Š‡ Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘ˆ ƒ—–‘‘› –Šƒ– Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ‹ …—ƒ†‘” ‡š’‡”‹‡…‡ †‘ ‘– †‹ˆˆ‡” –‘‘ —…Š ˆ”‘ –Š‘•‡ ˆ‘—† „› ‡ƒ˜‡”ƒ† …‘ŽŽä trry  ‹ –Š‡  ‹ trrtä Š‡•‡ ƒ—–Š‘”• …Žƒ••‹ˆ‹‡† –Š‡ ƒ‹ Ž‹‹–ƒ–‹‘• –‘ –Š‡ƒ—–‘‘›‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•‹–‘ˆ‘—”Žƒ”‰‡‰”‘—’•ãs –Š‘•‡”‡“—‹”‡†„›ƒ‰‡–• ‘—–•‹†‡ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘â t  –Š‘•‡ ‹’‘•‡† „› –Š‡ ƒ‹ „‡Ž‹‡ˆ• –Šƒ– ‰—‹†‡ –Š‡ ™‘” ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•â u  –Š‘•‡ ‹’‘•‡† „› –”ƒ†‡ ƒ† ‡…‘‘‹… ‹••—‡•â ƒ† v  –Š‘•‡ ‹’‘•‡† „› ’‘Ž‹…‹‡•á ’”‘…‡••‡• ‘” ’”ƒ…–‹…‡• ™‹–Š‹–Š‡ ‡†‹ƒäŠ‡…‡á‹–…ƒ„‡•‡‡Š‘™–Š‡”‡ƒ”‡•‘‡™‘”Ž†™‹†‡Ž‹‹–‹‰•Šƒ”‡† ˆƒ…–‘”• ”‡‰ƒ”†‹‰ –Š‡ ƒ—–‘‘› ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•â ƒ† –Šƒ–á –Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡á ò‹…”‡ƒ•‹‰–Š‡ƒ—–‘‘›ƒ†’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹†‡’‡†‡…‡‘ˆ–Š‘•‡™Š‘™‘” ‹ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ‰‘‡•á ˆ‹”•– ‘ˆ ƒŽŽá –‘ ”‡…‘‰‹•‡ –Šƒ– Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ‹• ƒ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ó œƒ”átrrwãsux ä

&RQFOXVLRQV Š‹•…Šƒ’–‡”Šƒ•†‡•…”‹„‡†•‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡–Š‡‘”‡–‹…ƒŽˆ‘—†ƒ–‹‘•‘ˆ™Šƒ–‹• …‘•‹†‡”‡†ƒ•’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•áƒ’”‘…‡••–Šƒ–…—ƒ†‘” ‹• ‘™—†‡”‰‘‹‰áƒ†’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹•‘ˆ…—ƒ†‘”‹ƒŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ä ‘–Š‹‰ ‹• ˆ—”–Š‡” ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ‹–‡– ‘ˆ –Š‹• …Šƒ’–‡” –Šƒ –Š‡ ƒ––‡’– –‘ †‡–‡”‹‡



™Šƒ–™‘—Ž†„‡…‘•‹†‡”‡†ƒ•Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•‹…—ƒ†‘”䊔‘—‰Š–Š‡†‹ˆˆ‡”‡– •‡…–‹‘•á‹–Šƒ•„‡‡•Š‘™Š‘™—…Š‘ˆ–Š‡‡š’‘•‡†–Š‡‘”‡–‹…ƒŽƒ••—’æ –‹‘•…ƒ„‡”‡ˆ—–‡†‘”Šƒ˜‡ƒ…‘—–‡”’ƒ”––Šƒ–…‘—Ž†…‘–”ƒ†‹…––Š‡äŠ‡ ‘•–‹’‘”–ƒ–’‘‹––Šƒ–™‡‘„–ƒ‹ˆ”‘•—…Š†‹•…—••‹‘‹•–Šƒ––‘†ƒ›á‹ …—ƒ†‘”á–Š‡‹’‘”–ƒ…‡‘ˆ–Š‹•’”‘…‡••‘ˆ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘Ž‹‡•‹ ”‡ƒæ …Š‹‰–Š‡•‘…‹ƒŽ”‡…‘‰‹–‹‘‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ƒ†‡†‹ƒ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ•–Šƒ–ሑ” ƒ’”‘’‡”‡š‡”…‹•‡‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•á—•–Šƒ˜‡‘’–‹ƒŽ™‘”‹‰…‘†‹–‹‘•‹ ƒ…Šƒ‰‹‰‡˜‹”‘‡–ƒ†ƒ‹…”‡ƒ•‹‰Ž›†‹˜‡”•‡ƒ”‡–ä Š‡ ’”‘…‡•• ‘ˆ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ‹ …—ƒ†‘” •Š‘—Ž† „‡ ƒƒŽ›•‡†„ƒ•‡† ‘–Š‡…—””‡– ‡†‹ƒ”‡ƒŽ‹–›ƒ†–Š‡’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽá •‘…‹ƒŽ ƒ† ‡…‘‘‹… …‘–‡š– ‘ˆ –Š‡ …‘—–”›á ”‡…‘‰‹•‹‰á ƒ• ‡ŽŽƒ†‘ trr{  ”ƒ‹•‡•á –Šƒ–’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ†‹˜‡”•‹–›‰‘‡•„‡›‘†‡†‹ƒ…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘äŠ‡ ’”‘æ ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•—•–”‡˜‘Ž˜‡ƒ”‘—†–Š‡’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹•‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• –Šƒ– ‹ ‘ …ƒ•‡ •Š‘—Ž† „‡ „ƒ•‡† ‘ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ •–ƒ†ƒ”†• …‘•‹†‡”‡† ‰Ž‘„ƒŽŽ›á „—– ‹ –Š‡ •‘…‹ƒŽ‹•‡† ƒ† Œ‘‹– †‡…‹•‹‘ ‘ˆ ƒ ‰”‘—’ ‘ˆ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ•„‡Ž‘‰‹‰ –‘ ƒ •’‡…‹ˆ‹… …‘—–”› ‘” ”‡‰‹‘ –Šƒ– †‡˜‡Ž‘’ ƒ …‘•‡•—•ƒ…–‹˜‹–›„ƒ•‡†‘•Šƒ”‡†‡–Š‹…•…ƒ’ƒ„Ž‡‘ˆ‰‡‡”ƒ–‹‰ƒ–›’‡‘ˆ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ƒ†Œ—•–‡†–‘–Š‡‡‡†•‘ˆ•‘…‹‡–›ä•—‹–”אƒ† •–—†‹ŽŽ‘ trrwãt{ •–ƒ–‡†áò–Š‡ƒ––‹–—†‡‘ˆ‘’‡‹‰–Š‡•’‡…–”—ƒŽŽ‘™•–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒæ Ž‹•– –‘ „‡ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡–á ‘”‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽá ”‹‰‘”‘—•á •‡”‹‘—•á †‡‘…”ƒ–‹…á ‘– …‘‹––‡†–‘ƒ›’‘™‡”ა›•‡…–‘”ᙋ–Š‘’ƒ”–‹•ƒá„—•‹‡•• ‘”Š‡‰‡æ ‘‹…‰”‘—’•‹–‡”‡•–óä ‡‰ƒ”†‹‰–Š‡”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’„‡–™‡‡—‹˜‡”•‹–‹‡•ƒ†–Š‡–”ƒ‹‹‰‘ˆ Œ‘—”æ ƒŽ‹•–•á–Š‡Œ‘‹–™‘”‘ˆƒ…ƒ†‡‹ƒƒ†–Š‡’”ƒ…–‹…‡‘ˆƒ†ƒ’–‹‰ —‹˜‡”•‹–› …—””‹…—Žƒ–‘–Š‡‡‡†•ƒ†–Š‡”‡ƒŽ†‹˜‡”•‹–›‘ˆ–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… ƒ†…‘æ —‹…ƒ–‹‘ƒ…–‹˜‹–‹‡•‘ˆ…—ƒ†‘”‹•ƒ‡›ˆƒ…–‘”‹–Š‡’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ä ƒ…‘–‡š–‹™Š‹…Š–Š‡‡†‹ƒ…‘–”‹„—–‡‹…”‡ƒ•‹‰Ž›–‘ •Šƒ’‡‘—”‹ƒ‰‡‘ˆ”‡ƒŽ‹–›á‹™Š‹…Š–Š‡‰‘‘† ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘‹•–Š‡ •—„Œ‡…– ‘ˆ†‡ƒ†‹‰ ’”‘…‡••‡•‘ˆ‡Žƒ„‘”ƒ–‹‘á•‡Ž‡…–‹‘á…‘–‡š–—ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘á ƒ† •‘ ‘á ™‡ …ƒ‘– …‘–‹—‡ •ƒ›‹‰ –Šƒ– Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• †‘ ‘– ”‡“—‹”‡ •’‡…‹ƒŽ ’”‡’ƒ”ƒ–‹‘œƒ”átrrwãsvu ä –Š‡•‡ƒ•’‡…–•–Š‡–ƒ–‡•—’’‘”–•Š‹•‹†‡ƒ• –‘”‡“—‹”‡Ž‡‰ƒŽŽ›ƒ—‹˜‡”•‹–›†‡‰”‡‡–‘Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•‹…—ƒ†‘”ä Ž–Š‘—‰Šá ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰ ‘ ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ‹†‡ƒ ‘ˆ œƒ” trrw á –Š‡ ”‹•• ƒ”‹•‹‰ ™Š‡ †‡æ –‡”‹‹‰–Š‡ƒ•’‡…–•–Šƒ–†‡ˆ‹‡–Š‡’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•‹ …—ƒ†‘” ˆ”‘ Ž‡‰ƒŽ ƒ† ‘– •‘…‹ƒŽ ”‡“—‹”‡‡–• …ƒ‘– „‡ ‹‰‘”‡†ãs  –‘ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ‹•‡ –Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ …‘”’‘”ƒ–‹• ‘ˆ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ƒ†



Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ât –‘”‡•–”‹…––Š‡’Ž—”ƒŽ‹–›á˜ƒ”‹‡–›á—Ž–‹’Ž‹…‹–›ƒ††‹˜‡”•‹–›‘ˆ ˜‘‹…‡• ƒ† …”‹–‡”‹ƒâ u  –‘ ’”‘‘–‡ –Š‡ •–ƒ†ƒ”†‹•ƒ–‹‘ ’”‘…‡••â v  –‘ •—æ ’’‘”–•–ƒ†ƒ”†‹•ƒ–‹‘âw –‘–‡†–‘’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹•‘Žƒ–‹‘ƒ†–‘ƒ‹‘” ‹˜‘Ž˜‡‡–™‹–Š–Š‡•‘…‹ƒŽ‡˜‹”‘‡–⃐†x –‘ˆƒ…‹Ž‹–ƒ–‡’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ‹•æ –”—‡–ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘ä › ‡š’‘•‹‰ –Š‡ ”‹•• ‘ˆ ƒ ’‘••‹„Ž‡ •—”’Ž—• ‘ˆ Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹‘ „› –Š‡ …—ƒ†‘”‹ƒ

‘˜‡”‡– ™‡ †‘ ‘– ’”‡–‡† –‘ •Š‘™ ƒ •‹–—ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ò…ƒ—•‡ ƒ† ‡ˆˆ‡…–ó „—– ™‡ –”› –‘ ‰‹˜‡ ƒ ‘˜‡”˜‹‡™ ‘ˆ ƒŽŽ –Š‡ ‡†‰‡• ‘ˆ –Š‡ Ž‡‰ƒŽ ”‡“—‹”‡‡– ‘ˆ –Š‡ —‹˜‡”•‹–› †‡‰”‡‡ä —”–Š‡”‘”‡á ™‡ •Š‘—Ž† ‘– ‘˜‡”Ž‘‘ –Š‡ ˆƒ…– –Šƒ–á †‡•’‹–‡ƒŠ‹‰ŠŽ‡˜‡Ž‘ˆ–”ƒ‹‹‰‹Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•„‡‹‰…‘•‹†‡”‡†‹†‹•’‡æ•ƒ„Ž‡á ò–Š‡ ”‡“—‹”‡‡– –‘ Š‘Ž† ƒ •’‡…‹ˆ‹… —‹˜‡”•‹–› †‡‰”‡‡ –‘ ’”ƒ…–‹…‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• †‘‡• ‘– ‡š‹•– ‹ ƒ› †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡† …‘—–”› ‹ –Š‡ ™‘”Ž†ó œƒ”átrrwãswt ä Š‡ ƒ„‹Ž‹–› ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ –‘ •‡Žˆæ”‡‰—Žƒ–‡ ‹• „ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡ ƒ—–‘‘› –Šƒ– Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• Šƒ˜‡ ‹ –Š‡‹” ’”ƒ…–‹…‡ä Š‹• ƒ—–‘‘› ‹• ‘– ˆ‘…—•‡† ‘Ž› ‘ –Š‡ †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– ‘ˆ …‘–‡–•á „—– ‹ –Š‡ ’‘••‹„‹Ž‹–› ‘ˆ ƒ‹‰ †‡…‹•‹‘• ‹ –Š‡‹” ‡†‹ƒ ƒ† ‹ –Š‡‹” ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ ”‡‰ƒ”†‹‰ –ƒ–‡ ”‡‰—Žƒ–‘”•á –Š‡ ƒ”‡– ƒ† •‘…‹‡–›äŠ‹•‡†‹ƒ•‡Žˆ”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘ «‹…ƒ•‡‹–™‘”•«™‘—Ž†‡ƒ•‡–Š‡™‘” ‘ˆ ‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘• Ž‹‡   ƒ† á ™Š‹…Š …‘—Ž† ˆ‘…—• ‘ –Š‡ ˆ—…–‹‘• ‘ˆ ‘‹–‘”‹‰á •—’‡”˜‹•‹‘ ƒ† …‘ŽŽƒ„‘”ƒ–‹‘ä  ‘”†‡” –Šƒ– •ƒ…æ –‹‘• ƒ‹‡† ƒ– Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ‘” ‡†‹ƒá ™Š‹…Š ƒ‡ ™‘”–Š› ƒ…–‹‘•á ™‘—Ž† „‡ –ƒ‡ „› …‘•‡•—• ™‹–Š –Š‡ ƒŒ‘”‹–› ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ƒ† ‡†‹ƒ « „ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡…—””‡–Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹‘ƒ†‡–Š‹…•…‘†‡•ä —””‡–Ž›áò–Š‡…‘…‡–”ƒ–‹‘á–Š‡–‡…Š‘Ž‘‰‹•ƒ–‹‘ƒ†–Š‡•‘’Š‹•–‹…ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡™•”‘‘ Šƒ˜‡ ˆƒ˜‘—”‡† –Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•óœƒ”á trrwã svu ƒ† svw ä Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡á –‘ ‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š –Š‡ ‹’‘”–ƒ…‡ ‘ˆ ‡™ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘• –‡…Š‘Ž‘‰› ƒ• ƒ …”‘•• ƒ––‡” ‹ …—ƒ†‘æ ”‹ƒ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ƒ† ƒ• òˆ—†ƒ‡–ƒŽ –‘‘Ž•ó ‹ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ™‘”á‹•‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ‹–ƒ••‘ˆ–Š‡’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ä•™‡ŽŽƒ• —†‡”•–ƒ†‹‰á „› –Š‡ ‘™‡”• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒá –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•á –Š‡ ”‡‰—Žƒ–‘”• ‘”‰ƒ‹••ƒ†–Š‡–ƒ–‡á–Šƒ–ò–Š‡‘‡–Šƒ–—’Š‘Ž†•áˆ‹ƒ…‡•ƒ† ƒ‹–ƒ‹• –Š‡ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ „—•‹‡•• ‹• •‘…‹‡–› äää ƒ† –Šƒ– Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•—•– •‡”˜‡ ‹– ™‹–Š ‡ˆˆ‹…‹‡…› ƒ† ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹•ó —‹–”א ƒ† •–—†‹ŽŽ‘átrrwãtx ä ƒ”ƒ†‘š‹…ƒŽŽ›á ‘‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘•– †‹•–—”„‹‰ ƒ•’‡…–• ƒ„‘—––Š‡’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹• ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ‹ …—ƒ†‘” ƒ”‡ –Š‡ ™‘”†• —•‡† „› ‡„‡” s{s{á s{{s  –‘ †‡•…”‹„‡–Š‡•–ƒ–‡‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•‹–Š‡‡ƒ”Ž›tr–Š…‡–—”›‹—”‘’‡ã s  Žƒ…



‘ˆ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹†‡–‹–›át Žƒ…‘ˆ‹‹—…‘†‹–‹‘•–‘„‡…‘•‹†‡”‡†ƒ•ƒ †‡…‡– ƒ† •–ƒ„Ž‡ ƒ…–‹˜‹–›á ƒ† u  Žƒ… ‘ˆ ‡–Š‹…• ƒ† ’”‡•–‹‰‡ ‘ˆ –Š‘•‡ ‡‰ƒ‰‡†‹‹–ä ˆ™‡ƒƒŽ›•‡…ƒ”‡ˆ—ŽŽ›–Š‡†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–•‡…–‹‘•‘ˆ–Š‹•…Šƒ’–‡”ᙇ …‘‡ –‘ –Š‡ …‘…Ž—•‹‘ –Šƒ– –Š‡ …—””‡– •‹–—ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘”‹ƒ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• •Šƒ”‡•ƒ›•‹‹Žƒ”‹–‹‡•™‹–Š–Š‡•‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•–Šƒ–‡„‡”‡–‹‘‡† «™‹–Š ƒ –‹‡ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡…‡ ‘ˆ ‘”‡ –Šƒ ssr ›‡ƒ”• ƒ† ƒ •’ƒ–‹ƒŽ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡…‡ ‘ˆƒ„‘—– {rrr ‹Ž‘‡–”‡•ä Ž–Š‘—‰Š ‹– •Š‘—Ž† „‡ …Ž‡ƒ” –Šƒ– ‹– ‹• ‘– ƒ ‡š…Ž—•‹˜‡ •‹–—ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ‹ …—ƒ†‘”á „—– ƒ –”‡† ”‡Žƒ–‹‰ –‘ –Š‡ …—””‡– ‡…‘‘‹……”‹•‹•áƒ–”‡‰‹‘ƒŽƒ†‰Ž‘„ƒŽŽ‡˜‡Žä ‹ƒŽŽ›á–Š‡’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•‹…—ƒ†‘”•Š‘—Ž†„‡„ƒ•‡† ‘ˆ”‡‡†‘á’Ž—”ƒŽ‹•á‹†‡’‡†‡…‡ƒ†•‡…—”‹–›‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒáƒ••–ƒ–‡• –Š‡”‡’‘”– ”‡‡†‘‘ˆ‡š’”‡••‹‘ƒ†‡†‹ƒ†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–‰Ž‘„ƒŽ –”‡†•ã ”‡‰‹‘ƒŽ •‹–—ƒ–‹‘ ‹ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ ƒ† –Š‡ ƒ”‹„„‡ƒá ’—„Ž‹•Š‡† „› ‹trsvä 1RWHV xw Š‡ •‘ †‹”‡…– ‘˜‡”‡– ‹˜‘Ž˜‡‡– ‹ –Š‡ ƒ’’”‘˜ƒŽ ‘ˆ –Š‡  Šƒ• …ƒ—•‡† ‹–• …‘•‡“—‡…‡• ‘ –Š‡ …”‡ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ƒ ’ƒ”–‹…—Žƒ” ‘†‡Ž ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• „‡…ƒ—•‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ …‘ˆ”‘–ƒ–‹‘ –Šƒ–”‡•‹†‡–ƒˆƒ‡Ž‘””‡ƒŠƒ•™‹–Š…‡”–ƒ‹‡†‹ƒ•‡…–‘”•–Šƒ–Šƒ˜‡„”ƒ†‡†–Š‹•Žƒ™ƒ•ƒ ò‰ƒ‰ Žƒ™ó–Šƒ–…‘•‘Ž‹†ƒ–‡•–Š‡‘ˆˆ‹…‹ƒŽ˜‘‹…‡ä xx Š‡ ’—”’‘•‡ ‘ˆ –Š‹• …Šƒ’–‡” ‹• ‘– –‘ †‹•’Žƒ› ‹ˆ …—ƒ†‘”‹ƒ• ƒ”‡ …‘•‹†‡”‡† ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ• ‘” ‹ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ‹•‹–Š‡’”‘…‡••‘ˆ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘äƒ–Š‡”á‹–•‡‡•–‘”ƒ‹•‡–Š‡–Š‡‘”‡–‹…ƒŽƒ••—’–‹‘• –Šƒ–”‡‹ˆ‘”…‡–Š‡•‡‹†‡ƒ•‹–Š‡…‘–‡š–‘ˆ–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡‘ˆ…—ƒ†‘”ä xy Š‡‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ƒ™‘ˆ…—ƒ†‘”ዐ‹–•”–ä{äá•–ƒ–‡•–Šƒ–òŠ‡ƒ••’—„Ž‹…á’”‹˜ƒ–‡ƒ†…‘—‹–› ‡†‹ƒ™‹ŽŽŠƒ˜‡ –‘ ‹••—‡ –Š‡‹” ‘™ …‘†‡• ‘ˆ …‘†—…– ƒ‹‡† ƒ– ‹’”‘˜‹‰ –Š‡‹” ‹–‡”ƒŽ ƒƒ‰‡‡– ’”ƒ…–‹…‡•ƒ†–Š‡‹”…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘™‘”óä xz Š‹• ‹†‡ƒ Šƒ• „‡‡ †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡† ‘”‡ ‡š–‡•‹˜‡Ž› „› Šƒ˜‡”‘ ƒ† ŽŽ‡” trsv  ‹ –Š‡ ƒ”–‹…Ž‡ ò‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘‹…—ƒ†‘”ᔋ‰Š–‘”ƒ’—„Ž‹… •‡”˜‹…‡ëó x{


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,QWURGXFWLRQ ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ Šƒ• „‡‡á ‹ ”‡…‡– ›‡ƒ”•á ‘‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒ”‡ƒ• •—„Œ‡…– –‘ Ž‡‰‹•æ Žƒ–‹‘ ‹ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒä ‘– •—”’”‹•‹‰Ž›á –Š‡ ”‡ˆ‘”—Žƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡š‹•–‹‰ ”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘• ‘ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ Šƒ• „‡…‘‡ ƒ …‘‘ ’ƒ––‡” ‹ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ ƒ† –Š‡ ƒ”‹„„‡ƒä ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ á ‘ˆ –Š‡ uu …‘—–”‹‡• –Šƒ– ƒ‡ —’ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ ƒ† –Š‡ ƒ”‹„„‡ƒá s{ Šƒ˜‡ —†‡”–ƒ‡ –Š‹• –ƒ• ‘” Šƒ˜‡ƒ‘—…‡†–Š‡‹”‹–‡–‹‘–‘†‘•‘ä –Š‡…ƒ•‡‘ˆ…—ƒ†‘”á–Š‡ƒ™‘ˆ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘‘ˆtrsu™ƒ•ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‡†„› –Š‡ ’”‘’‘•ƒŽ „› –Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡– ‘ˆ ƒˆƒ‡Ž ‘””‡ƒ –‘ ƒ‡ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ‹–‘ ƒ ’—„Ž‹… •‡”˜‹…‡ä Š‹• Šƒ• …ƒ—•‡† ƒ ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ƒ† •‘…‹ƒŽ †‡„ƒ–‡ ‹ –Š‡ …‘—–”› ‹ ’‘Žƒ”‹•‡† –‡”•ä Š‹• …Šƒ’–‡” ’”‘˜‹†‡• ƒ ”‡˜‹‡™ ‘ˆ ˆ—†ƒ‡–ƒŽ ‹••—‡• –Šƒ– …‘—Ž† Šƒ˜‡ –Š‹• ‡ƒ•—”‡ ƒ† –Š‡ ‹’Ž‹…ƒ–‹‘• –Šƒ– ‹– …‘—Ž† Šƒ˜‡ ‹˜ƒ”‹‘—• ˆ‹‡Ž†•ä …ƒ†‡‹…Ž‹–‡”ƒ–—”‡Šƒ•–”‹‡†–‘‡š’Žƒ‹–Š‡‘–‹˜ƒ–‹‘•–Šƒ–Ž‡ƒ†ƒ…‹–‹œ‡ –‘ …Š‘‘•‡ ’—„Ž‹… •‡”˜‹…‡ ƒ• –Š‡‹” …ƒ”‡‡” …Š‘‹…‡ä  –Š‹• •‡•‡á –Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡ –Š”‡‡…ƒ–‡‰‘”‹‡•‘ˆƒƒŽ›•‹•ã”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽá‘”ƒ–‹˜‡ƒ†ƒˆˆ‡…–‹˜‡‡””› ƒ† ‡…‡••‹‘ás{{r ä ”‡•’‘•‡–‘–Š‹•ˆ‘”—Žƒ–‹‘áˆ”‘–Š‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ’‡”•æ ’‡…–‹˜‡á–Š‡’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‹‘‹–Š‡ˆ‘”—Žƒ–‹‘‘ˆ’—„Ž‹…’‘Ž‹…‹‡•‘”‹†‡‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ ƒˆˆ‹‹–›’”‘‰”ƒ•–‘ˆ‘”’ƒ”–‘ˆ’—„Ž‹…•‡”˜‹…‡•‹•ƒ”‰—‡†‹„‹†ä ä ”‘ ƒ ‘”ƒ–‹˜‡’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡á•‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡‡š’Žƒƒ–‹‘•‰‹˜‡‹…Ž—†‡Ž‘›ƒŽ–› –‘ –Š‡…‘—–”›‘”–Š‡’—”•—‹–‘ˆ•‘…‹ƒŽ‡“—‹–›ä ”‘–Š‡ƒˆˆ‡…–‹˜‡’‘‹–‘ˆ˜‹‡™á ‹†‡–‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘™‹–Šƒ’”‘‰”ƒ‘”–Š‡•‡•‡‘ˆ’ƒ–”‹‘–‹•ƒ”‡•‡˜‡”ƒŽ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘–‹˜ƒ–‹‘•–Šƒ–Ž‹–‡”ƒ–—”‡ƒ••‘…‹ƒ–‡•™‹–Š’—„Ž‹…‡’Ž‘›‡‡•‹„‹†ä ä Š‡•‡ ƒ”‡ ’”‘’‘•ƒŽ• –Šƒ– †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ƒ—–Š‘”• Šƒ˜‡ •—‰‰‡•–‡†á ‘ˆ–‡ ‹ …‘„‹æ ƒ–‹‘ ™‹–Š ‡ƒ…Š ‘–Š‡” ƒ† ™‹–Š ‘–Š‡”•á •‘‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ˆ—†ƒ‡–ƒŽ ‘–‹˜ƒæ –‹‘• ‘ˆ …‹–‹œ‡• –‘ …Š‘‘•‡ –Š‡ ’—„Ž‹… •‡…–‘”ä Š‡•‡ ‘–‹˜ƒ–‹‘• –‘ Œ‘‹ –Š‡ ’—„Ž‹… •‡…–‘” Šƒ˜‡ „‡‡ —†‡” •–—†› ˆ‘” ƒ Ž‘‰ –‹‡ä —– ‡˜‡”–Š‡Ž‡••á ‹ –Š‹•…Šƒ’–‡”ᙇƒ†‘’–ƒ†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡ã™Šƒ–Ž‡ƒ†•–Š‡ –ƒ–‡–‘ƒ†‘’– …‡”–ƒ‹’—„Ž‹…•‡”˜‹…‡•‘”‘–Š‡”•ä  ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ ƒ† –Š‡ ƒ”‹„„‡ƒ –Š‡”‡ Šƒ• „‡‡á Š‹•–‘”‹…ƒŽŽ›á ƒ –”‡† –‘™ƒ”†• …‘…‡–”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‘™‡”•Š‹’ ‹ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒá ‡•’‡…‹ƒŽŽ› ‹ ”‡…‡– †‡…ƒ†‡•ä  –Š‹• …‘–‡š–á –Š‡ ’”‘’‘•ƒŽ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡– ‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘” …ƒ „‡—†‡”•–‘‘† ƒ• ƒ ƒ––‡’– –‘ †‹•‘Ž‹‰‘’‘Ž‹•‡ ˆ”‘ ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ Šƒ†•  –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒŽƒ†•…ƒ’‡ä ††‡† –‘ –Š‹•á ‹– •Š‘—Ž† „‡ ‘–‡† –Š‡ †‹•–”—•– •Š‘™ „›



…—ƒ†‘”‹ƒ …‹–‹œ‡• ”‡‰ƒ”†‹‰ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒä ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ –Š‡ •–—†› ƒ–‹‘„ƒ”׏‡æ–”‘æ…—ƒ†‘” trss á †‹•–”—•– ‹• •‹‰‹ˆ‹…ƒ– ‹ –Š‡ …ƒ•‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ™”‹––‡ ’”‡••wväv¨ á–‡Ž‡˜‹•‹‘„‡‹‰–Š‡‡†‹ƒ‹™Š‹…Š–Š‡…—ƒ†‘”‡ƒ• ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡† †‡’‘•‹–‡† ƒ ‰”‡ƒ–‡” …‘ˆ‹†‡…‡ ‹†‡šä Š‹• †‹•–”—•– ‹• ƒŽ•‘ ‡˜‹†‡– ‹ ‘–Š‡”‹•–‹–—–‹‘•ä ‹•–”—•– Ž‡˜‡Ž• ƒ”‡ ’ƒ”–‹…—Žƒ”Ž› •‹‰‹ˆ‹…ƒ– –‘™ƒ”†• –Š‡ —‹‘•xy¨ á–Š‡Œ—†‹…‹ƒ”›xxáy¨ ა†’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ’ƒ”–‹‡•xwáy¨ ä

 7KHPHDQLQJRISXEOLF VHUYLFH Š‡ƒ…–‹˜‹–‹‡•†‡•‹‰ƒ–‡†ƒ•’—„Ž‹…•‡”˜‹…‡ƒ”‡–Š‘•‡–Šƒ–ƒ”‡ƒ••‘…‹ƒ–‡†™‹–Š –Š‡ •–”ƒ–‡‰‹… •‡…–‘”• ‘ˆ ƒ …‘—–”› ƒ† –Šƒ–á „‡…ƒ—•‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡•‡ ƒ† ‘–Š‡” ’‡…—Ž‹ƒ”‹–‹‡•á ”‡ƒ‹ ‹ –ƒ–‡ Šƒ†• ‘” …‘–”‘ŽŽ‡† „› ‹–  –‘ ‡•—”‡ ’”‘’‡” ƒƒ‰‡‡– ˆ‘” –Š‡ „‡‡ˆ‹– ‘ˆ …‹–‹œ‡•ä ‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒ‹ ƒ•’‡…–• ‘ˆ ’—„Ž‹… •‡”˜‹…‡• ‹•–Š‡Žƒ…‘ˆ …‘’‡–‹–‹˜‡‡••ã ò ”‘–Š‡‡…‘‘‹…’‘‹–‘ˆ˜‹‡™á –Š‹•  …‘’‡–‹–‹˜‡‡••  ‹…”‡ƒ•‡• –Š‡ ‡ˆˆ‹…‹‡…› ‹ –Š‡ ƒŽŽ‘…ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‰‘‘†• ƒ† •‡”˜‹…‡•ä ”‘ ƒ ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ •–ƒ†’‘‹–á ‹– †‡…‡–”ƒŽ‹•‡• –Š‡ ’‘™‡” ƒ† ’”‡˜‡–• Ž‹‹–ƒ–‹‘• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’‘™‡” ‘ˆ …‘•—‡”•ó ‘Žƒ‡•á s{{{ã sz ä —– ’—„Ž‹… •‡”˜‹…‡• Šƒ˜‡ ‘–Š‡” •’‡…‹ˆ‹… …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹…• Š‹ŽŽ‹’•á s{{uá “—‘–‡† ‹ ‘Žƒ‡•ás{{{ãssˆˆ ã ¿ Š‡› ƒ”‡ ƒ…–‹˜‹–‹‡• ‹ ™Š‹…Š –Š‡”‡ ‹• ‘– ƒŽ™ƒ›• …‘’‡–‹–‹‘á ”‡‰—Žƒ–‡† „› –Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡– ‘ ‰”‘—†• ‘ˆ ’—„Ž‹… ‹–‡”‡•–ä ¿ ‘‡’—„Ž‹…•‡”˜‹…‡••‡‡–‘™‘”‘”‡‡ˆˆ‹…‹‡–Ž›ƒ•‘‘’‘Ž‹‡•á„—––Š‹• ™ƒ› ‘ˆ ƒ…–‹‰ •‘‡–‹‡• ‹• ”‡“—‹”‡† „› Ž‡‰ƒŽ ”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘ä ¿ Š‡‹””‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘…‘‡•ˆ”‘–Š‡’—„Ž‹…‹–‡”‡•–ƒ†”‡•—Ž–•ƒ”‡…‘–”‘Ž ƒ†•‡”˜‹…‡”ƒ–‡•ä ¿ Š‡”‡ ‹• ‘ˆ–‡ …‘ˆŽ‹…– „‡–™‡‡ ’—„Ž‹… ƒ† ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ ‹–‡”‡•– „‡…ƒ—•‡–Š‡› Šƒ˜‡†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‡•ä ¿ ‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ƒƒ‰‡‡– ƒ† ‡–‹–‹‡• ˜ƒ”‹‡• ƒ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ –Š‡ …‹”…—•–ƒ…‡•ƒ†‡‡†•ä ¿ Š‡ ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰ •‡…–‹‘• •Š‘™ –Š‡ ƒ‹ ƒ”‡ƒ• –Šƒ– …‘—Ž† „‡ ƒˆˆ‡…–‡† ‹ –Š‡‡˜‡–‘ˆ…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘‹…—ƒ†‘”„‡…‘‹‰ƒ’—„Ž‹…•‡”˜‹…‡ä



 ,PSOLFDWLRQVRIWKHSURSRVHGFRQVWLWXWLRQDODPHQGPHQW  /HJDOQRUPDWLYHDVSHFW ”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽŽ›á ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ Šƒ˜‡ „‡‡ …‘•‹†‡”‡† ƒ• ˆ—†ƒ‡–ƒŽ ”‹‰Š–•á ‡š’”‡••‡† –Š”‘—‰Š †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ˆ‘”—Žƒ–‹‘•ã ˆ”‡‡†‘ ‘ˆ ‡š’”‡••‹‘ ƒ† ‘’‹‹‘á ˆ”‡‡†‘ ‘ˆ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ˆ”‡‡†‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’”‡••ä  –Š‹• ™ƒ› –Š‡› ƒ”‡ …‘ŽŽ‡…–‡† „› ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ‘•–‹–—–‹‘ ‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘”á ƒ”–‹…Ž‡ sxâ ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ”‰ƒ‹… ƒ™ ”–‹…Ž‡á sy  ƒ† ‹–‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ Ž‡‰ƒŽ –‡š–• ‹˜‡”•ƒŽ‡…Žƒ”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ—ƒ‹‰Š–•á”–‹…Ž‡s{⏇”‹…ƒ ‘˜‡–‹‘‘ —ƒ ‹‰Š–•á ”–‹…Ž‡ suâ ‡…Žƒ”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ Šƒ’—Ž–‡’‡…â ‡…Žƒ”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‹†Š‘‡‘”–Š‡ –‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‘†‡‘ˆ ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹…–Š‹…• ä  ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹‘á –Š‡ –Š‹”† •‡…–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘•–‹–—–‹‘ ‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘” ‹• †‡†‹…ƒ–‡†–‘‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ƒ† ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘”–äsxætr ä –”‡…‘‰‹•‡•–Š‡ ”‹‰Š– –‘ òƒ ˆ”‡‡á ‹–‡”…—Ž–—”ƒŽá ‹…Ž—•‹˜‡á †‹˜‡”•‡ ƒ† ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‘”› …‘—æ ‹…ƒ–‹‘‹ƒŽŽƒ”‡ƒ•‘ˆ•‘…‹ƒŽ‹–‡”ƒ…–‹‘á„›ƒ›‡ƒ•ƒ†ˆ‘”á‹‹–•‘™ Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ ƒ† ‹–• ‘™ •›„‘Ž•ó s  ƒ† –‘ –Š‡ ò…”‡ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‡†‹ƒ ƒ†‡“—ƒŽ ƒ……‡•• –‘ –Š‡ —•‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”ƒ†‹‘ •’‡…–”— ˆ”‡“—‡…‹‡• –‘ ƒƒ‰‡ ”ƒæ†‹‘ •–ƒ–‹‘• ƒ† ’—„Ž‹…á ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ ƒ† …‘—‹–› –‡Ž‡˜‹•‹‘á ƒ† –‘ –Š‡ ˆ”‡‡—•‡ ‘ˆ ™‹”‡Ž‡•• ‡–™‘”• „ƒ†•óä Š‡ ‘•–‹–—–‹‘ ‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡• –Š‡ –ƒ–‡ï• ‘„Ž‹‰ƒ–‹‘ –‘ ˆ‘•–‡” ’Ž—”ƒŽ‹–› ƒ† †‹˜‡”•‹–› ‹ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ”–ä sy  ƒ† –‘ ‘– ƒŽŽ‘™ ‘‘’‘Ž‹‡• ‘” ‘Ž‹‰‘’‘Ž‹‡•á †‹”‡…– ‘” ‹†‹”‡…–á –Š‡ ‘™‡”•Š‹’ ‘ˆ –Š‡‡†‹ƒƒ†–Š‡—•‡‘ˆˆ”‡“—‡…‹‡•”–äsyäu ä Š‡•‡˜‡–Š•‡…–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡‘•–‹–—–‹‘†‡†‹…ƒ–‡†–‘•‘…‹ƒŽ …‘—‹…ƒæ –‹‘ …‘’Ž‡–‡•–Š‡†‡ˆ‹‹–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘•›•–‡‘ˆ…—ƒ†‘”ä  –Š‡ƒ”–‹…Ž‡uzvá–Š‡…‘’‘‡–•ƒ”‡Ž‹•–‡†ã‹•–‹–—–‹‘•ƒ†ƒ…–‘”•‘ˆ’—„Ž‹… ƒ–—”‡á’‘Ž‹…‹‡•ƒ†‘”•ƒ†’”‹˜ƒ–‡ƒ…–‘”•á…‹–‹œ‡•ƒ†…‘—‹–›–Šƒ– ˜‘Ž—–ƒ”‹Ž›‹–‡‰”ƒ–‡‹–‘‹–ä –Šƒ–•ƒ‡ƒ”–‹…Ž‡–Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡–…‘‹––‡† –‘ˆ‘”—Žƒ–‡–Š‡’—„Ž‹……‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘’‘Ž‹…›áò™‹–Šˆ—ŽŽ”‡•’‡…–ˆ‘” ˆ”‡‡æ †‘ ‘ˆ ‡š’”‡••‹‘ ƒ† …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘”‹‰Š–• ‡•Š”‹‡† ‹ –Š‡ ‘•–‹–—æ –‹‘ƒ†–Š‡‹–‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽŠ—ƒ”‹‰Š–•‹•–”—‡–•óä Š‡ …‘•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ ƒ‡†‡– ˆ‘”—Žƒ–‹‘ •—„‹––‡†„› –Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡– ’”‘’‘•‡• ƒ ”‡ˆ‘” ‹ –Š‹• ƒ”–‹…Ž‡ uzv á ™‹–Š ™Š‹…Š …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ™‘—Ž† „‡ …‘•‹†‡”‡† ƒ• ƒ ’—„Ž‹… •‡”˜‹…‡á ’”‘˜‹†‡† „› ’—„Ž‹…á ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ ƒ† …‘—æ ‹–› ‡†‹ƒá ƒ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ –Š‡ ’”‘’‘•ƒŽä ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘á ‹ …ƒ•‡ –Š‹• ƒ‡†æ ‡– ‹• ƒ’’”‘˜‡†á ™‘—Ž† ‘˜‡ ˆ”‘ „‡ ƒ ”‹‰Š– ‘” ƒ ‰‘‘† ‹ –Š‡ …ƒ•‡ ‘ˆ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘á ƒ• –Š‡ ”‰ƒ‹… ƒ™ ‘ˆ ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ •–ƒ–‡•  –‘ „‡ ƒ ’—„Ž‹…



•‡”˜‹…‡á …ƒ–‡‰‘”› –Šƒ– •–”ƒ–‡‰‹… •‡…–‘”• ‘ˆ –Š‡ …‘—–”› Šƒ˜‡ä ‘—†‡”•–ƒ†™Šƒ–‹•‡ƒ–„› ò’—„Ž‹…•‡”˜‹…‡óᙇ•Š‘—Ž†‰‘–‘–Š‡…—ƒæ †‘”‹ƒ‘•–‹–—–‹‘ƒ‰ƒ‹ä”–‹…Ž‡usv‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡•™Šƒ––Š‡’—„Ž‹…•‡”˜‹…‡•ƒ”‡ã †”‹‹‰ ™ƒ–‡” ƒ† ‹””‹‰ƒ–‹‘á •ƒ‹–ƒ–‹‘á ‡Ž‡…–”‹…‹–›á –‡Ž‡…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘•á ”‘ƒ†™ƒ›•á ’‘”–• ƒ† ƒ‹”’‘”–• ƒ† ‘–Š‡”• †‡–‡”‹‡† „› Žƒ™ä Š‡•‡ƒ”‡ –Š‡ ”‡•’‘•‹„‹Ž‹–› ‘ˆ –Š‡ –ƒ–‡á ™Š‹…Š ™‹ŽŽ „‡ ”‡•’‘•‹„Ž‡ ˆ‘” ‡•—”‹‰–Šƒ– ò’—„Ž‹… •‡”˜‹…‡• ƒ† ’”‘˜‹•‹‘ ‡‡– –Š‡ ’”‹…‹’Ž‡• ‘ˆ ‘„Ž‹‰ƒ–‹‘á ‰‡‡”ƒŽ‹–›á …‘•‹•–‡…›á ‡ˆˆ‹…‹‡…›á ƒ……‘—–ƒ„‹Ž‹–›á —‹˜‡”•ƒŽ‹–›á ƒ……‡••‹„‹Ž‹–›á…‘–‹—‹–› ƒ† “—ƒŽ‹–›ä Š‡ –ƒ–‡ ™‹ŽŽ ‡•—”‡ –Šƒ– –Š‡ ’”‹…‡• ƒ† –ƒ”‹ˆˆ• ˆ‘”’—„Ž‹… •‡”˜‹…‡• ƒ”‡ ‡“—‹–ƒ„Ž‡ ƒ† ™‹ŽŽ ‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š –Š‡‹” …‘–”‘Ž ƒ† ”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘óä ……‘”†‹‰–‘–Š‡•—’”‡‡Žƒ™á–Š‡ƒƒ‰‡‡–‘ˆ–Š‡•‡•‡…–‘”•™‹ŽŽ†‡’‡† ‘ ’—„Ž‹… …‘’ƒ‹‡• –Šƒ– –Š‡ –ƒ–‡ …‘•–‹–—–‡• ˆ‘” ‹–á ”‡•‡”˜‹‰ –Š‡”‹‰Š– –‘ †‡Ž‡‰ƒ–‡ –Š‡ ƒƒ‰‡‡– –‘ ’—„Ž‹… …‘’ƒ‹‡• ‹ ™Š‹…Š –Š‡ –ƒ–‡Šƒ• ƒ ƒŒ‘”‹–› •Šƒ”‡Š‘Ž†‹‰ƒ†á ‡š…‡’–‹‘ƒŽŽ›á –‘ ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ …‘’ƒ‹‡• ƒ†’‘’—Žƒ” ƒ†•‘Ž‹†ƒ”‹–›‡…‘‘›yyä Ž‹‰Š–‘ˆ–Š‹•’”‘’‘•ƒŽáƒ…‘ˆŽ‹…–„‡–™‡‡–™‘ƒ”–‹…Ž‡•‘ˆ–Š‡‘•–‹–—–‹‘ ‹• ’‡”…‡‹˜‡†á „‡…ƒ—•‡ ‘ ‘‡ Šƒ† –Š‡ ”‹‰Š– ‘ˆ ƒŽŽ …‹–‹œ‡• –‘ „‡ ’ƒ”–‘ˆ–Š‡ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘•›•–‡…‘•–‹–—–‹‰ƒ’Ž—”ƒŽƒ††‹˜‡”•‡•›•–‡‹•‰—ƒ”ƒ–‡‡† ƒ†á ‘ –Š‡ ‘–Š‡”á –Š‡ ƒƒ‰‡‡– ‘ˆ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ‹• ”‡æ•‡”˜‡† ˆ‘” –Š‡ –ƒ–‡ä ‘™‡˜‡”á –Š‡ ‹‹–‹ƒŽ ’”‘’‘•ƒŽ ˆ‘” ƒ‡†‡– ™‘—Ž†ƒŽŽ‘™ –Š‡ ƒƒ‰‡‡– „› ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ …‘’ƒ‹‡•ã ò‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ƒ• ƒ ’—„Ž‹…•‡”˜‹…‡™‹ŽŽ „‡’”‘˜‹†‡†–Š”‘—‰Š’—„Ž‹…á’”‹˜ƒ–‡ƒ†…‘—‹–›‡†‹ƒóä  –Š‡ ‡˜‡– –Šƒ– –Š‡ƒƒ‰‡‡–‹•‘ˆˆ‡”‡†–‘’”‹˜ƒ–‡…‘’ƒ‹‡•ƒ†ƒ‹ˆ”ƒ…–‹‘‘”‘ˆˆ‡…‡ ™ƒ•…‘‹––‡†á‹–‹•‡…‡••ƒ”›–‘…Žƒ”‹ˆ›™Šƒ––Š‡”‡•’‘•‹„‹Ž‹–› ™‘—Ž† „‡ ƒ† ‘ˆ ™Šƒ– –›’‡á Œ—•– ƒ• –Š‡ –›’‡ ‘ˆ ˜‹‘Žƒ–‹‘• ‹™Š‹…Š‹–™‘—Ž†„‡‹…—””‹‰ ƒ†–Š‡‹”…‘•‡“—‡…‡•ä Š‡•’‡ƒ‹‰‘ˆ’—„Ž‹…•‡”˜‹…‡•á–Š‡ƒ„‹Ž‹–›–‘”‡‰—Žƒ–‡ƒ›„‡‹–Š‡Šƒ†• ‘ˆ –Š‡ š‡…—–‹˜‡á „—– …ƒ ƒŽ•‘ „‡ ‹†‡’‡†‡– ‘ˆ –Š‡ •ƒ‡á ƒ• ‹• –Š‡…ƒ•‡ ‹ –Š‡  ‘Žƒ‡•á s{{{ ä Šƒ– ‹•á –Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– Ž‡˜‡Ž• ‘ˆ ‹†‡’‡†‡…‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”‡‰—Žƒ–‘” ‘ˆ ’—„Ž‹… •‡”˜‹…‡• ƒ† …‘’ƒ‹‡• –Šƒ– ‘ˆˆ‡” –Š‡’’—„Ž‹…á ’”‹˜ƒ–‡‘”‹š‡† 䇉ƒ”†Ž‡••‘ˆ–Š‡”‡‰—Žƒ–‘”›„‘†›á‹–—•–ƒŽ•‘„‡•—„Œ‡…– –‘ •‘‡ ‹† ‘ˆ ƒ……‘—–ƒ„‹Ž‹–› ‹ –‡”• ‘ˆ ‹–• ”‡•’‘•‹„‹Ž‹–‹‡• ˆ‹ƒ…‹ƒŽá ƒ…–‹˜‹–‹‡•á Ž‡‰ƒŽá •‘…‹ƒŽá ‡–…ä ä Š‹• ™‘—Ž† ‹’Ž› –Š‡ ‡š‹•–‡…‡ ‘ˆ •‘‡‘–Š‡” „‘†› ™‹–Š •‹ŽŽ• ƒ† •—’‡”‹‘” …ƒ’ƒ„‹Ž‹–‹‡•á ƒ„Ž‡ –‘ ‡š‡”…‹•‡ ƒ †‡‰”‡‡‘ˆ …‘–”‘Ž‘˜‡”–Š‡”‡‰—Žƒ–‘”ä



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‘”–Š‘•‡™Š‘ᑐ–Š‡‘–Š‡”•‹†‡á†‡ˆ‡†’—„Ž‹…ƒƒ‰‡‡–‘ˆ•‡”˜‹…‡•á–Š‹• ‹• ƒ ™ƒ› –‘ ‰—ƒ”ƒ–‡‡ ’”‘–‡…–‹‘ ˆ‘” …‹–‹œ‡•á •‹…‡ –Š‡ –ƒ–‡ ™‘—Ž†„‡ ”‡•’‘•‹„Ž‡ ˆ‘” ƒƒ‰‹‰ –Š‡ •‡”˜‹…‡• –Šƒ–á †—‡ –‘ –Š‡‹” Š‹‰Š …‘•–á ƒ”‡ ‹’‘••‹„Ž‡ –‘ ‡‡– ˆ‘” ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ• ƒ† ‡–‡”’”‹•‡•ä Š—•á ˆ—Žˆ‹Ž‡– ‘ˆ •‡”æ ˜‹…‡• –Šƒ– ”‡ˆ‡” –‘ —‹˜‡”•ƒŽ ”‹‰Š–• „ƒ•‹… •‡”˜‹…‡• ™‘—Ž† ƒŽ™ƒ›• „‡ ‰—ƒ”ƒæ –‡‡† ”‡‰ƒ”†Ž‡•• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‹–ƒ„‹Ž‹–› ‘ˆ –Š‡ •ƒ‡á ‘…‡ –Š‡ –ƒ–‡ Šƒ• †‡ˆ‹‡† –Š‡ ˆ‘” ‘ˆ ˆ‹ƒ…‹‰ƒ† ˆ‡‡• –Šƒ– –Š‡ ™ï ’—„Ž‹… •‡”˜‹…‡™‘—Ž† ‡ƒ ˆ‘” –Š‡ …‹–‹œ‡ä ‘” –Š‹• –‘ „‡ ˆ—Žˆ‹ŽŽ‡†á –Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡– †‡’ƒ”–‡– ”‡•’‘æ •‹„Ž‡ —•– „‡ ‹ ƒ‰”‡‡‡– ™‹–Š –Š‡ ‹†‡‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ ’”‘’‘•ƒŽ• –Šƒ– †‡ˆ‡† –Š‹• ’‘•‹–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ –ƒ–‡ä š’‡”‹‡…‡ ‹ ‘–Š‡” …‘—–”‹‡• Šƒ• •Š‘™ –Šƒ– ’”‹˜ƒ–‹æ •ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ’—„Ž‹… •‡”˜‹…‡• Šƒ• ‡ƒ– –Šƒ– …‹–‹œ‡• ˆƒ†‡ ‹–‘ –Š‡ „ƒ…‰”‘—†á „‡Š‹† ’—”‡Ž› ‡…‘‘‹… ‹–‡”‡•–•ä  –Š‡ …ƒ•‡ ‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘”á –Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡– Šƒ˜‡ ƒ ˆƒ˜‘—”ƒ„Ž‡ ’—„Ž‹… ‘’‹‹‘á ‰‹˜‡ –Šƒ– wy¨ ‘ˆ –Š‡ …—ƒ†‘”‹ƒ ’‘’—æ Žƒ–‹‘ …‘•‹†‡” ƒ• „‡‡ˆ‹…‹ƒŽ ƒ ’”‘…‡•• ‘ˆ ’”‹˜ƒ–‹•ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –ƒ–‡ …‘’ƒ‹‡•á ƒ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ †ƒ–ƒ ˆ”‘ ƒ–‹‘„ƒ”׏‡–”‘ trsu á ƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š ‹ –Š‡ •—”˜‡› –Š‡ –›’‡ ‘ˆ ƒ…–‹˜‹–› ‘ˆ –Š‡•‡ ‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ–‹‘• ‹• ‘– …‘ŽŽ‡…–‡†ä ˆ‹–„‡…‘‡•ƒ’—„Ž‹…•‡”˜‹…‡á–Š‡–ƒ–‡™‘—Ž†—†‡”–ƒ‡–‘‡•—”‡–Š‡ƒ……‡•• ‘ˆ ƒŽŽ …‹–‹œ‡• –‘ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘á ™‹–Š ƒˆˆ‘”†ƒ„Ž‡ ”ƒ–‡• ˆ‘” ƒŽŽ •‘…‹ƒŽ•‡…–‘”•ä ‘ –Š‹• ™‡—•– ƒ†† ‘–Š‡” ‹–‡•‘ˆ ‹–‡”‡•––‘ …‘•—‡”•‘ˆ ’—„Ž‹…•‡”˜‹…‡• ƒ……‘”†‹‰–‘‘Žƒ‡• s{{{ ã ¿ Šƒ– –Š‡ ’”‹…‹’Ž‡• ‘ˆ „‡‡ˆ‹–• ‘ˆ ’—„Ž‹… •‡”˜‹…‡• ƒ”‡ …‘‘ –‘ƒŽŽ •‡”˜‹…‡•ä ¿ Šƒ– ˆ—†ƒ‡–ƒŽ …”‹–‡”‹‘ ˆ‘” –Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‹– ‘ˆ –Š‡ …‘’ƒ‹‡• ‹• –Š‡ ’”‹…‹’Ž‡‘ˆˆƒ‹””‡–—”–‘‡ˆˆ‹…‹‡– •‡”˜‹…‡•ä ¿ Šƒ– –Š‡ ’—„Ž‹…ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ …”‹–‡”‹ƒ —’‘ ™Š‹…Š –Š‡ ”ƒ–‡• ƒ”‡ •‡–‹•ƒ —•–ˆ‘””‡‰—Žƒ–‘”•ä ¿ Šƒ–ƒ†‡–ƒ‹Ž‡†ƒƒŽ›•‹•‘ˆ‘’–‹‘•—†‡”…‘•‹†‡”ƒ–‹‘‹• ’”‘˜‹æ†‡†ä ¿ Šƒ––Š‡’‘••‹„Ž‡‘—–…‘‡•‘ˆ†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–…Š‘‹…‡•ƒ”‡•–ƒ–‡†‹‡‘—‰Š †‡–ƒ‹Ž–‘‘™–Š‡‘’‹‹‘‘ˆ…‘•—‡”•ä ¿ Šƒ– –Š‡”‡ ‹• ƒ ’‘••‹„‹Ž‹–› ‘ˆ ‹ˆ‘”‡† ƒ† –‹‡Ž› ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‹‘ ‹–Š‡ †‡„ƒ–‡ä ¿ Šƒ––Š‡”‡ƒ•‘ˆ‘”†‡…‹•‹‘•‹•‘™ä



ŽŽ –Š‹• „‡ƒ”‹‰ ‹ ‹† –Šƒ– ‹– ‹• ‘– ƒ„‘—– –”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽ …‘•—‡”• —•‡”• ‘ˆ ’—„Ž‹…•‡”˜‹…‡•á„—–…‹–‹œ‡•™Š‘‡‡†ƒ……‡••–‘‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ’—„Ž‹…‹–‡”‡•– –‘ƒ‡–Š‡‹”‘™ƒ••‡••‡–‘ˆ–Š‡‹••—‡•–Šƒ–…‘…‡”–Š‡ä Š‡ †‡”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘ ‡š’‡”‹‡…‡ ‹ –Š‡ –‡Ž‡…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘• ƒ”‡–á ™Š‹…Š Šƒ• Ž‡† –‘ ƒ ’—”‡Ž› ‡…‘‘‹… •–”—‰‰Ž‡á •—‰‰‡•–• –Š‡ ‡‡† ˆ‘” –ƒ–‡ ‹–‡”˜‡–‹‘ –‘ ’”‘–‡…– –Š‡ ”‹‰Š–• ‘ˆ …‹–‹œ‡•á „—– ‹– †‘‡• ‘– •‡‡ …Ž‡ƒ” ™Š‡–Š‡” –”‡ƒ–æ ‡– ‘ˆ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ƒ• ƒ ’—„Ž‹… •‡”˜‹…‡ ‹• –Š‡ ‘•– ƒ’’”‘’‹ƒ–‡ ™ƒ› –‘ ƒ…Š‹‡˜‡‹–ä

 6RFLDOGHPRFUDWLFDVSHFW ‹˜‡”•ƒŽ ƒ……‡•• –‘ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ‹• ‡••‡–‹ƒŽ –‘ ƒ…Š‹‡˜‡ Š‡ƒŽ–Š› ƒ† †‡•‹æ ”ƒ„Ž‡Ž‡˜‡Ž•‘ˆ†‡‘…”ƒ–‹…†‡„ƒ–‡áˆ‘”™Š‹…Š‹–‹•‡…‡••ƒ”›–‘Šƒ˜‡ƒ‹æ ‹—‰”ƒ†‡‘ˆ’Ž—”ƒŽ‹–›ƒ††‹˜‡”•‹–›äŠ‡–Š‡…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ƒˆˆ‡…–• –Š‡‡–‹”‡’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘á‹–„‡…‘‡•ƒƒ•’‡…–‘ˆ’—„Ž‹…‹–‡”‡•–ᄇ‹‰ ‘”‡ ‹’‘”–ƒ–‹–Š‡…ƒ•‡‘ˆƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒ„‡…ƒ—•‡‘ˆ‹–•Š‹•–‘”‹…ƒŽ …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡æ ”‹•–‹…• „ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡ ‡š‹•–‹‰ †‹•’—–‡ ‘˜‡” –Š‡ ‡ƒ‹‰ ‘ˆ …‘–‹‡–ƒŽ ‹æ –‡‰”ƒ–‹‘â–Š‡‘•Žƒ—‰Š–™‹–Šƒƒ—–Š‘”‹–ƒ”‹ƒƒ††‹•…”‹‹ƒ–‘”›…—Ž–—”‡â ‡‘Ž‹„‡”ƒŽ’‘Ž‹…‹‡•ƒ†–Š‡‹”•‡‰”‡‰ƒ–‹‰…‘•‡“—‡…‡•â–Š‡…”‹•‹•‘ˆ‰‘˜‡”æ ƒ…‡â†‡‘…”ƒ–‹…‹‘˜ƒ–‹‘•â–Š‡‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ…‹–‹œ‡’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒæ –‹‘ƒ†–Š‡‹’‘”–ƒ…‡‘ˆ•‘…‹ƒŽ‘˜‡‡–•ƒ……‹ƒƒ˜ƒátrr{ ä  ”‡•’‘•‡ –‘ …‹–‹œ‡ ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘ á –Š‡ …ƒ–‡‰‘æ ”‹•ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ƒ•ƒ’—„Ž‹…•‡”˜‹…‡…‘—Ž†Š‡Ž’–‘”‡†—…‡–Š‡”‹• ‘ˆ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ …‹˜‹Ž •‘…‹‡–› ƒ••—‹‰ –Š‡ ’ƒ••‹˜‡ ”‘Ž‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’ƒ•–䑃˜‘‹† –Š‹• ˆƒ…–á –Š‡ –ƒ–‡ —•– ’”‘˜‹†‡ ƒ† ‡•—”‡ —‹˜‡”•ƒŽ ƒ……‡•• –‘ƒ……—”ƒ–‡ ƒ† ’Ž—”ƒŽ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ä ……‡•• –‘ ƒ ˜ƒ”‹‡–› ‘ˆ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ‹• ˆ—†ƒ‡–ƒŽ –‘‡ˆˆ‡…–‹˜‡Ž›‡š‡”…‹•‡–Š‡”‹‰Š––‘’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‹‘ä ˆ ƒŽŽ –Š‡ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ •›•–‡ Šƒ• –‘ ‰‘ –Š”‘—‰Š –Š‡ –ƒ–‡á ™‡ ™‘—Ž† „‡ –ƒŽ‹‰ ‘ˆ ƒ ‡™ ’Š‡‘‡‘ ‘ˆ ò‰Ž‘„ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘ó ‹ –Š‡ …‘—–”›ä Ž‘„ƒŽ‹•ƒæ –‹‘á ˆ‘” •‘‡ ƒ—–Š‘”•á ‰‡‡”ƒ–‡• –™‘ ‘’’‘•‹‰ ’”‘…‡••‡•ã ˆ‹”•–Ž›á –Š‡ ’‘•‹æ –‹‘•ƒ†‹†‡‘Ž‘‰‹‡•ƒ”‡…Ž‘•‡á…ƒ—•‹‰ƒ‰‡‡”ƒŽ•–ƒ†ƒ”†ƒ†á•‡…‘†Ž›á–Š‡ ‘’’‘•‹–‡ ‡ˆˆ‡…– …ƒ—•‡† „› –Š‡ ’”‘…‡•• ‘ˆ ‹–‡‰”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† …—Ž–—”ƒŽ †‹•æ ‹–‡‰”ƒ–‹‘ ‘……—”•  ‡ƒ–Š‡”•–‘‡á s{{r ä Š‡ ’Š‡‘‡‘ ‘ˆ ‰Ž‘„ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘ ‹• ’”‘†—…‹‰ ƒ ’ƒ”ƒŽŽ‡Ž ‡ˆˆ‡…– „ƒ•‡† ‘ Ž‘…ƒŽ‹•á ‹ ™Š‹…Š‹…”‡ƒ•‹‰Ž›‘”‡ ƒ––‡–‹‘ ‹• †‡†‹…ƒ–‡† –‘ –Š‡ ”‡ˆ‡”‡…‡ ‰”‘—’ ƒ– Ž‘…ƒŽ ƒ† ƒ–‹‘ƒŽŽ‡˜‡Ž Šƒ˜‡”‘ ƒ† ŽŽ‡”á trsv ä Š‹• ‡™ ’‘Žƒ”‹•ƒ–‹‘ ‡–ƒ‹Ž•á ƒ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ ƒ—ƒs{{{ ჉‘”ƒ’Š‘„‹ƒá‡™•’ƒ…‡—–‘’‹ƒ•ƒ†–‡””‹–‘”‹ƒŽ…Šƒ‰‡•–Šƒ–



Šƒ˜‡ ƒ”‡†á ƒ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ –Š‡ ‹†‡ƒ ‘ˆ ‡•‡ s{{yã u á ò–Š‡ •‡•‡ ‘ˆ ‹–‡”…—Ž–—”ƒŽ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ äää ™Š‡”‡ ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–• ‹ –Š‹• ’”‘…‡•• ‘ˆ ‰Ž‘æ „ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘ ƒ”‡ ˆ‘”…‡† –‘ „‡Ž‘‰ –‘ –Š‡ ƒŒ‘”‹–› ‘” ‘”‡ ’‘™‡”ˆ—Ž …—Ž–—”‡óä •‹–—ƒ–‹‘–Šƒ–ვ ”‹‡†ƒs{{vãztæzv •—‰‰‡•–•áò…ƒ—•‡•ƒ›’”‘„Ž‡• ‘ˆ ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’‡”•‘ƒŽ ‹†‡–‹–› ƒ‹† ƒŽŽ –Š‡ ‹’‡”•‘ƒŽ ˆ‘”…‡• ƒ– ƒ ‰Ž‘„ƒŽ Ž‡˜‡Žóä • ‘´ŽŽ‡æ‡—ƒ s{{w  ™ƒ”‡† ™Š‡ •Š‡ ˆ‘”—Žƒ–‡† –Š‡ –Š‡‘”› ‘ˆ •’‹”ƒŽ ‘ˆ •‹Ž‡…‡á –Š‡ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ ƒ‡• ƒ ƒƒŽ›•‹• ‘ˆ Š‹• ‡˜‹”‘æ ‡––‘†‡–‡”‹‡‹ˆŠ‡‹•‹•‘Žƒ–‡†‘”‘–ã ò™ƒ–…Š‹‰Š‹••‘…‹ƒŽ‡˜‹”‘‡–á ‡•–‹ƒ–‹‰ –Š‡ †‹•–”‹„—–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‘’‹‹‘• ˆ‘” ‘” ƒ‰ƒ‹•– Š‹• ‹†‡ƒ•á „—–ƒ„‘˜‡ ƒŽŽ ‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‹‰ –Š‡ •–”‡‰–Š ƒ† –Š‡ ‘„‹Ž‹•‹‰ ƒ† …‘’‡ŽŽ‹‰ …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”á ƒ† –Š‡ …Šƒ…‡• ‘ˆ •—……‡•• ‘ˆ …‡”–ƒ‹ ’‘‹– ‘ˆ ˜‹‡™• ‘” ’”‘’‘•ƒŽ•óä  –Š‹• …‘–‡š–ወŠ‹•‘’‹‹‘‹•…‘–”ƒ”›–‘–Š‡ƒŒ‘”‹–›á–Š‡…‹–‹œ‡áˆ‡‡Ž‹‰‹•‘Žƒ–‡† ƒ† —•—”‡á –‡†• –‘ ”‡•‡”˜‡ ‹– ˆ‘” Š‹•‡Žˆá –Š‡”‡„› ƒ˜‘‹†‹‰ –Š‡ ’—‹•Š‡–‘ˆŠ‹• ‡˜‹”‘‡–ä Š‡‹’Ž‡‡–ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ’—„Ž‹…’‘Ž‹…‹‡•‹ƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒ‹•…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹œ‡†„› ‹…‘•‹•–‡…›á‹•–ƒ„‹Ž‹–›ƒ†Žƒ…‘ˆ…‘–‹—‹–›äŠ‡…‘•–ƒ–…Šƒ‰‡•–Š‡ …‘•‹†‡”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ƒ•ƒ’—„Ž‹…•‡”˜‹…‡ ™‘—Ž†„‡‘‡‘”‡  …ƒ—•‡’‡‘’Ž‡–‘•‡‡–Š‡‹”’‘••‹„Ž‡‡ˆˆ‡…–‹˜‡’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‹‘‹’—„Ž‹…†‡…‹•‹‘• ƒ•‹…”‡ƒ•‹‰Ž›‘”‡†‹ˆˆ‹…—Ž–䊇”‡ˆ‘”‡á–Š‡‡‡†ˆ”‘–Š‡’‘‹–‘ˆ ˜‹‡™ ‘ˆƒ……‡••–‘‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘‹•…”‡ƒ–‡†ã–‘Šƒ˜‡–Š‡‡…‡••ƒ”›…‘–‹—‹–›–Šƒ– ƒŽŽ‘™• –Š‡ ˆ‹ƒŽ ‡š‡…—–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’”‘Œ‡…–• ’”‘’‘•‡† ƒ† ’Žƒ‡† „› –Š‡ ƒ—–Š‘”‹–‹‡•”‡•’‘•‹„Ž‡ˆ‘”†‡˜‡Ž‘’‹‰’—„Ž‹…’‘Ž‹…‹‡•äŠ‹••‹–—ƒ–‹‘ …”‡ƒæ –‡•ƒ‰ƒ’‹…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘„‡–™‡‡–Š‡…‘—‹–›ƒ†–Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡– ƒ‰‡…‹‡•á’”‘’–‹‰ƒ”‡“—‹”‡‡–‘–Š‡’ƒ”–‘ˆ•‘…‹‡–›–‘‹’”‘˜‡ –Š‡ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ’‘Ž‹…› ‘ˆ –Š‡ –ƒ–‡á ƒŽŽ‘™‹‰ ˆ‘” ‰”‡ƒ–‡” ƒ† ‘”‡ ˆŽ—‹† ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘‹–Š‡†‡…‹•‹‘æƒ‹‰’”‘…‡••ä –Š‹• ”‡æ ‰ƒ”†á–Š‡’‡…‹ƒŽƒ’’‘”–‡—”‘ˆ–Š‡‹‹–•trrr”‡’‘”–Šƒ†ƒ‹’ƒ…–‘ ò–Š‡ ‹’‘”–ƒ…‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”‹‰Š– –‘ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ˆ‘” †‡‘…”ƒ…› ƒ† ˆ”‡‡†‘á „—–ƒŽ•‘ˆ‘”–Š‡”‹‰Š––‘’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‡ƒ†ƒ…Š‹‡˜‡–Š‡”‹‰Š––‘†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–ó ‹‡†‡Žátrrzã{ ä Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡á …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ „‡…‘‡• ƒ ‡••‡–‹ƒŽ ‡Ž‡‡– ˆ‘” Ž‹‹‰ –Š‡ ˜ƒ”‹‘—•ƒ…–‘”•‹–Š‡’—„Ž‹…•’Š‡”‡ä•–Š‡—”‘’‡ƒ‘—”–‘ˆ—ƒ‹æ ‰Š–••ƒ‹†ã ò ”‡‡†‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’”‡•• ƒˆˆ‘”†• –Š‡ ’—„Ž‹… ‘‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ „‡•– ™ƒ›• ‘ˆ †‹•…‘˜‡æ ”‹‰ƒ†ˆ‘”‹‰ƒ‘’‹‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡‹†‡ƒ•ƒ†ƒ––‹–—†‡•‘ˆ–Š‡‹”’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽŽ‡ƒ†‡”•ä  ’ƒ”–‹…—Žƒ”á ‹– ‰‹˜‡• ’‘Ž‹–‹…‹ƒ• –Š‡ ‘’’‘”–—‹–› –‘ ”‡ˆŽ‡…– ƒ†…‘‡–‘



–Š‡’”‡‘……—’ƒ–‹‘•‘ˆ’—„Ž‹…‘’‹‹‘â•‘–Šƒ–‡˜‡”›‘‡…ƒ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‡‹–Š‡ ˆ”‡‡’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ†‡„ƒ–‡™Š‹…Š‹•ƒ––Š‡˜‡”›Š‡ƒ”–‘ˆ–Š‡…‘…‡’–‘ˆƒ†‡‘…”ƒ–‹… •‘…‹‡–›ó‹‡†‡Žátrrzãtr ä • Šƒ• „‡‡ ’”‡˜‹‘—•Ž› ‘–‡†á –Š‡ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ Žƒ™ Šƒ• ‡š’‡”‹‡…‡† ƒ ‰”‘™‹‰ –”‡† ‰Ž‘„ƒŽŽ›ä Š‡ ˆ‹”•– Žƒ™ ‘ –Š‡ ”‹‰Š– ‘ˆ ƒ……‡•• –‘ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ™ƒ• „‘” ‹ ™‡†‡ ‹ syxxâ –Š‡”‡ƒˆ–‡”á ‘–Š‡” …‘—–”‹‡• ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‡† –Š‡ –”ƒ‹Žã ‘Ž‘„‹ƒ szzzâ  s{xyâ ‡ƒ” s{yrâ ‘”™ƒ› s{yrâ ”ƒ…‡ s{yzâ ‡–Š‡”Žƒ†•s{yzâ—•–”ƒŽ‹ƒs{zt⃐ƒ†ƒs{zt⇙‡ƒŽƒ†s{zt⇖…䊇”‡ ™‡”‡ƒ –‘–ƒŽ ‘ˆ x{ …‘—–”‹‡• ‹ trrx ™‹–Š Žƒ™• ‘ –Š‡ ”‹‰Š– –‘ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ™‹–Š†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡•äŠ‹•†‡‘•–”ƒ–‡•–Š‡‹’‘”–ƒ…‡‘ˆ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ˆ‘” –Š‡ …‘•‘Ž‹†ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ƒ †‡‘…”ƒ–‹… ”‡‰‹‡ä › ”‡•–”‹…–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”‹‰Š– –‘ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘—•–‡‡––Š”‡‡”‡“—‹”‡‡–•ã s –‘„‡ƒ……—”ƒ–‡Ž› ’”‘˜‹†‡†„› Žƒ™â t  –‘ Šƒ˜‡ ƒ Ž‡‰‹–‹ƒ–‡ ’—”’‘•‡â ƒ† u  –‘ Šƒ˜‡ ƒ ’”‡••‹‰ •‘…‹ƒŽ ’—”’‘•‡‡†‡Žátrrz ä ƒŒ‘” ‹–‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ƒ‰‡…‹‡• Šƒ˜‡ ‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡† –Š‡ …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹…• –Šƒ– ƒ ”‡‰‹‡‘ˆ”‹‰Š––‘‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘—•–Šƒ˜‡‡†‡Žátrrzãusˆˆä ã ¿ ”‹…‹’Ž‡ sä ƒš‹— –”ƒ•’ƒ”‡…›ã Š‡ Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹‘ ‘ ˆ”‡‡†‘ ‘ˆ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ —•– „‡ ‰—‹†‡† „› –Š‡ ’”‹…‹’Ž‡ ‘ˆ ƒš‹— –”ƒ•æ ’ƒ”‡…›ä ¿ ”‹…‹’Ž‡ tä „Ž‹‰ƒ–‹‘ –‘ ’—„Ž‹•Šã —„Ž‹… ‡–‹–‹‡• —•– „‡ ‘„Ž‹‰‡† –‘’—„Ž‹•Š‡›‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ä ¿ ”‹…‹’Ž‡ uä ”‘‘–‹‰ ‘’‡ ‘˜‡”‡–ã —„Ž‹… „‘†‹‡• —•– ƒ…æ –‹˜‡Ž›’”‘‘–‡‘’‡ ‘˜‡”‡–ä ¿ ”‹…‹’Ž‡ vä ‹‹–‹‰ ‡š…‡’–‹‘•ã š…‡’–‹‘• —•– „‡ …Ž‡ƒ”Ž› ƒ† †‡ƒ†‹‰Ž› †‡ˆ‹‡†á ƒ† •—„Œ‡…– –‘ •–”‹…– –‡•–• ‘ˆ òŠƒ”ó ƒ† ò’—„Ž‹… ‹–‡”‡•–óä ¿ ”‹…‹’Ž‡ wä ”‘…‡••‡• –‘ ˆƒ…‹Ž‹–ƒ–‡ ƒ……‡••ã ‡“—‡•–• ˆ‘” ‹ˆ‘”ƒæ –‹‘ —•– „‡ ’”‘…‡••‡† ‹ ƒ –‹‡Ž› ƒ† ˆƒ‹” ƒ‡”á ƒ† —•– „‡ ƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡ˆ‘”‹†‡’‡†‡–”‡˜‹‡™‘ˆƒ›”‡ˆ—•ƒŽ•ä ¿ ”‹…‹’Ž‡ xä ‘•–•ã †‹˜‹†—ƒŽ• …ƒ ‘– „‡ ’”‡˜‡–‡† ˆ”‘ ”‡“—‡•æ –‹‰‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘„›‡š…‡••‹˜‡…‘•–•ä ¿ ”‹…‹’Ž‡yä’‡‡‡–‹‰•ã‡‡–‹‰•‘ˆ’—„Ž‹…‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘• —•–„‡



‘’‡–‘–Š‡ ’—„Ž‹…ä ¿ ”‹…‹’Ž‡z䔃•’ƒ”‡…›–ƒ‡•’”‡…‡†‡…‡ãƒ™•™Š‹…Šƒ”‡ ‹æ …‘•‹•–‡– ™‹–Š –Š‡ ’”‹…‹’Ž‡ ‘ˆ ƒš‹— †‹•…Ž‘•—”‡ —•– „‡ ƒ‡†‡†‘”†‡Ž‡–‡†ä ¿ ”‹…‹’Ž‡ {ä ”‘–‡…–‹‘ ˆ‘” ’Žƒ‹–‹ˆˆ•ã †‹˜‹†—ƒŽ• ™Š‘ ’”‘˜‹†‡ ‹æ ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘‘™”‘‰ƒ…–‹‘•’Žƒ‹–‹ˆˆ• —•–„‡’”‘–‡…–‡†ä Š‡‡…Žƒ”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ”‹…‹’Ž‡•‘ ”‡‡†‘‘ˆš’”‡••‹‘ƒ†‘’–‡†„›–Š‡ –‡”æ ‡”‹…ƒ ‘‹••‹‘ ‘ —ƒ ‹‰Š–• ‹ trrr ƒŽ•‘ ™ƒ”• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”‹•• ‘ˆ ‘‘’‘Ž‹•–‹…•›•–‡•‹–Š‹•ˆ‹‡Ž†ãò‘‘’‘Ž‹‡•‘”‘Ž‹‰‘’‘Ž‹‡•‹–Š‡‘™‡”•Š‹’ ƒ† …‘–”‘Ž ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ —•– „‡ •—„Œ‡…– –‘ ƒ–‹æ‘‘’‘Ž‹•– Žƒ™•á ƒ• –Š‡› …‘•’‹”‡ ƒ‰ƒ‹•– †‡‘…”ƒ…› „› Ž‹‹–‹‰ –Š‡ ’Ž—”ƒŽ‹–› ƒ† †‹˜‡”•‹–› ™Š‹…Š ‡•—”‡ –Š‡ ˆ—ŽŽ ‡š‡”…‹•‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”‹‰Š– –‘ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ…‹–‹œ‡•ä  ‘ …ƒ•‡ •Š‘—Ž† •—…Š Žƒ™• ƒ’’Ž› ‡š…Ž—•‹˜‡Ž› –‘ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒä Š‡…‘…‡••‹‘‘ˆ”ƒ†‹‘ ƒ†–‡Ž‡˜‹•‹‘ˆ”‡“—‡…‹‡•—•–…‘•‹†‡”†‡‘…”ƒ–‹……”‹–‡”‹ƒ –Šƒ– ’”‘˜‹†‡ ƒ ‡“—ƒŽ ‘’’‘”–—‹–› ˆ‘” ƒŽŽ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ• ‹ ƒ……‡••‹‰–Š‡ó”‹…‹’Ž‡st ä

 &RPPXQLFDWLRQDODQGSURIHVVLRQDO DVSHFW ‘•‹†‡”‹‰–Š‡…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘•ˆ‹‡Ž†á–Š‡ˆƒ…––Šƒ–…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ „‡…‘æ ‡•…‘•‹†‡”‡†ƒ•ƒ’—„Ž‹…•‡”˜‹…‡‰‡‡”ƒ–‡•áˆ‹”•–Ž›áƒ…Šƒ‰‡‹–Š‡‡†‹ƒ •›•–‡ä Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ –›’‡ ‘ˆ ƒ …‘—–”› ‘†‡Ž ‹• ƒ …‘„‹ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ƒ •‡– ‘ˆ ˆƒ…–‘”•ƒŽŽ‹ƒ†ƒ…‹‹átrrv ã ¿ †—•–”› ‡™•ã ”‹‰‹ ƒ† ‡˜‘Ž—–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒ”‡– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒá ™Š‹…Š –ƒ‡• ‹–‘ ƒ……‘—– –Š‡ …‘•‘Ž‹†ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ –”ƒ†‡ ’”‡••á –Š‡ …‹”…—Žƒ–‹‘á–Š‡’”‘ˆ‹Ž‡‘ˆ–Š‡”‡ƒ†‡”ᇖ…ä ¿ –ƒ–‡‹–‡”˜‡–‹‘á™Š‹…Š…ƒ„‡†‹”‡…–™Š‡•‘‡‘‡‘™•–Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ƒ†‹†‹”‡…–™Š‡•‘‡‘‡‹•‹…Šƒ”‰‡‘ˆƒ‹‰ –Š‡ ƒŽŽ‘…ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ”ƒ†‹‘•’‡…–”— ä ¿ ‡‰”‡‡ ‘ˆ ƒ—–‘‘› ƒ† ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹• ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ã š‹•–‡…‡ ƒ† ’‘™‡” ‘ˆ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ƒ••‘…‹ƒ–‹‘•á ”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‰ ƒ……‡•• –‘ –Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘†‡‰”‡‡‘ˆ‹–”—•‹‘ ᎇ˜‡Ž‘ˆ‡†—…ƒ–‹‘ä ¿ ‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ’ƒ”ƒŽŽ‡Ž‹•ã‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡†„‡–™‡‡–Š‡‡†‹ƒƒ† ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ƒ…–‘”•ä



Š‡ …‘„‹ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡•‡ ƒ•’‡…–•á ‹ ™Š‹…Š –Š‡ ‡…‘‘‹…á ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ƒ† •‘æ …‹ƒŽ •›•–‡ —•– „‡ –ƒ‡ ‹–‘ ƒ……‘—–á †‡ˆ‹‡• –Š‡ –›’‡ ‘ˆ ‡†‹ƒ •›•–‡ ‹ ‡ƒ…Š …‘—–”› ˆ”‘ •‘‡ ‹†‡ƒŽ –›’‡•ä ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ƒ• ƒ ’—„Ž‹… •‡”˜‹…‡ ™‘—Ž† ‡ƒ ƒ ‹…”‡ƒ•‡ ‹ –ƒ–‡ ‹–‡”˜‡–‹‘ ‹ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ƒ’ ‘ˆ …—ƒæ †‘”á ™Š‹…Š™‘—Ž† „‡ ”‡…‘ˆ‹‰—”‹‰ –Š‡ …—ƒ†‘”‹ƒ ‡†‹ƒ •›•–‡ –‘ ‹–• ‘™ ‘†‡Žä ”‘–Š‡’‘‹–‘ˆ˜‹‡™‘ˆ…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ƒ•ƒ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘á–Š‹•‡™ƒ’’”‘ƒ…Š ”ƒ‹•‡••‘‡“—‡•–‹‘•ˆ‘”Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ã‘–Š‡›”‡“—‹”‡–ƒ–‡ƒ—–Š‘”‹•ƒ–‹‘ –‘‡š‡”…‹•‡–Š‡‹”’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ë‘‡•–Š‡…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ƒ•ƒ’—„Ž‹… •‡”˜‹…‡ ‹’Ž›•‘‡‹†‘ˆ”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘‘”…‘–”‘Ž‘ˆ‡†‹ƒ…‘–‡–ë‘™‹•–Š‡†‹æ ˆˆ‡”‡…‡„‡–™‡‡–Š‡’—„Ž‹…ቑ˜‡”‡–ƒŽá’”‹˜ƒ–‡ƒ†…‘—‹–›‡†‹ƒ ‰‘‹‰–‘„‡‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡†ë‘™‹•‹–‰‘‹‰–‘ƒˆˆ‡…––Š‡†‹‡•‹‘•‘ˆ ƒƒŽ›æ •‹• ‘ˆ –Š‡ …—ƒ†‘”‹ƒ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ë ŽŽ –Š‡•‡ ‹••—‡• ”ƒ‹•‡ ‹ ˆƒ…– ƒ •—„•–ƒ–‹˜‡ —…‡”–ƒ‹–› ƒ„‘—– Š‘™ –Š‡ ‡™ ”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘ ™‘—Ž† ƒˆˆ‡…– –Š‡ ‹†‡’‡†‡…‡‘ˆ‡†‹ƒ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ•ƒ†á…‘•‡“—‡–Ž›á–‘–Š‡“—ƒŽ‹–› ‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘”‹ƒŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ä ƒ›…ƒ•‡á…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ•†‘‘–’Žƒ›ƒ’ƒ••‹˜‡”‘Ž‡‹–Š‹• ’”‘…‡••ä–ƒ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽŽ‡˜‡Žá‹–‹•–Š‡‹””‡•’‘•‹„‹Ž‹–›–‘„‡ƒ™ƒ”‡‘ˆ–Š‡ ”‡‰—Žƒ–‘”›…Šƒ‰‡•–Šƒ–™‹ŽŽƒˆˆ‡…––Š‡†‹”‡…–Ž›ƒ†–Šƒ–ƒ”‡ ‰‡‡”ƒ–‡† ‘˜‡”–‹‡äŠ‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–ვƒ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽá’Žƒ›•ƒ‹’‘”–ƒ–”‘Ž‡‹•‘…‹ƒŽ –”ƒ•ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘•ƒ†Š‡Ž’•–‘‹’”‘˜‡†‡‘…”ƒ…›äŠ‡‡‹‰Š–Š’”‹…‹’Ž‡‘ˆ –Š‡ –‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‘†‡‘ˆ ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹…–Š‹…•‘ˆ‡•…‘s{zu ƒŽ•‘‡–‹‘• Š‹• Š‡”…‘–”‹„—–‹‘‹–Š‡‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡–‘ˆòƒƒ–‘•’Š‡”‡‘ˆ…‘ˆ‹†‡…‡ ‹‹–‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•á•‘–Šƒ–‹–ƒˆˆ‡…–•ƒŽŽ’‡ƒ…‡ƒ†Œ—•–‹…‡á†‹•–‡–‹‘á †‹•ƒ”ƒ‡–ƒ†ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–ä –‹•ˆ‘”–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–á„› ’”‘ˆ‡•æ •‹‘ƒŽ‡–Š‹…•á–‘‘™–Š‡‡š‹•–‹‰’”‘˜‹•‹‘•‘–Š‡•—„Œ‡…–ƒ†–Šƒ–ƒ”‡ …‘–ƒ‹‡†‹‹–‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ…‘˜‡–‹‘•á†‡…Žƒ”ƒ–‹‘•ƒ†”‡•‘Ž—–‹‘•óä  ‡••‡…‡á –Š‡ †‡„ƒ–‡ ”ƒ‹•‡† ‹• ‹ –‡”• ‘ˆ –ƒ–‡ ‹–‡”˜‡–‹‘ ƒ†á –Š‡”‡æ ˆ‘”‡á ˆ”‡‡†‘ ‘ˆ ‡š’”‡••‹‘ä Š‹• ‹…Ž—†‡• –™‘ ˆ‹‡Ž†•ã –Š‡ ”‹‰Š– –‘ ‡š’”‡•• –Š‘—‰Š–• ƒ† ‹†‡ƒ• ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ  ƒ† –Š‡ ”‹‰Š– –‘ ”‡…‡‹˜‡ –Š‡ …‘ŽŽ‡…–‹˜‡ ä ‘™‡˜‡”á‹–•Š‘—Ž†„‡‘–‡†–Šƒ––Š‡‰—ƒ”ƒ–‡‡‘ˆˆ”‡‡†‘‘ˆ ‡š’”‡••‹‘ ƒ†ƒ……‡••–‘’—„Ž‹…‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘†‘‡•‘–‡ƒ–Šƒ––Š‡ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ’”‘…‡••‹•ˆ—Žˆ‹ŽŽ‡†á’‡”•‡á‹ƒ†‡‘…”ƒ–‹…™ƒ›äŠ‡‡š’‡”‹‡…‡ƒ†ƒ…ƒ†‡æ ‹…Ž‹–‡”ƒ–—”‡™ƒ”•‘ˆ–Š‡‰”‘™‹‰‡†‹ƒ…‘˜‡”ƒ‰‡‘ˆ–Š‡’—„Ž‹…•’Š‡”‡á ™Š‡”‡ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ‰‘ ‘ –‘ „‡…‘‡ ‹˜‘Ž˜‡† ‹ –Š‡ ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ •’Š‡”‡ ‹–•‡Žˆ



ƒœœ‘Ž‡‹átrsr⊃˜‡”‘‡–ƒŽäátrsu ä  –Š‹• …‘–‡š–á –Š‡ –ƒ–‡ —•– ’”‘˜‹†‡ –Š‡ Ž‡‰ƒŽ ˆ”ƒ‡™‘” –Šƒ– ƒŽŽ‘™• –Š‡ ’‡”ˆ‘”ƒ…‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ƒ…–‹˜‹–› ‹…‘†‹–‹‘•‘ˆˆ”‡‡†‘ˆ‘”–Š‡ ™‘”‡” ƒ† ‹ ™Š‹…Š …‹–‹œ‡• ƒ”‡ ‘– ‡š…Ž—†‡†ä • ‘•± ‹‰—‡Ž •—Žœƒá ‡…”‡–ƒ”› ‡‡”ƒŽ ‘ˆ –Š‡ á •ƒ‹†á ò‹– ‹• ƒ–—”ƒŽ –Šƒ– ™‡ ”‡Œ‡…– ƒ› ƒ––‡’– –‘ ”‡•–”‹…– ˆ”‡‡†‘ ‘ˆ ‡š’”‡••‹‘ä —– ƒ– –Š‡ •ƒ‡ –‹‡á –Š‡ ‡‘”‘—• –ƒ• ‘ˆ ‡‡’‹‰ ‘—” …‹–‹œ‡• ‹ˆ‘”‡† ‘ˆ –Š‡ †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–• ‹ –Š‡‹” •‘…‹‡–‹‡• ƒ† –Š‡‹” ‘˜‡”‡–• ‹…”‡ƒ•‡• –Š‡ ”‡•’‘•‹„‹Ž‹–› ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒäš‡”…‹•‹‰–Š‹• ”‡•’‘•‹„‹Ž‹–›‹•ƒ‘”ƒŽ‘„Ž‹‰ƒ–‹‘–‘•‘…‹‡–›ó”ƒ‰‹…á…‹–‡†‹ œƒ””ƒátrrzã tvu ä Ž‘‰ –Š‡ •ƒ‡ Ž‹‡á ƒ”–À trrz  ’”‘’‘•‡† ‹ –Š‡ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ ‡‡–‹‰ –Šƒ– –Š‡ ‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ Šƒ• –‘ ‹…Ž—†‡ ƒ ‘‹–‘”‹‰‘ˆ –Š‡ ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ ‡†‹ƒ ‹ ‘”†‡” –‘ …Š‡… ™Š‡–Š‡” –Š‡› †—Ž› ‹ˆ‘” ˆ‘” –Š‡’—”’‘•‡• ‡–‹‘‡†ä ‡Ž•‘ †‡Ž ƒ•–‹ŽŽ‘   yzá ‘ Š‹• „‡ŠƒŽˆá ’”‘’‘•‡†ƒ– –Šƒ– ‡‡–‹‰ –Š‡ ‰‡‡”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ’—„Ž‹… ’‘Ž‹…‹‡• –Šƒ– •–”‡‰–Š‡ ƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹˜‡•‘˜‡”‡‹‰–›‘ˆ–Š‡’‡‘’Ž‡ä

&RQFOXVLRQV ”‘ –Š‡ ˆ‹”•– Žƒ™ ’ƒ••‡† ‹ –Š‡ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹˜‡ ˆ‹‡Ž† ”‹‰Š– ‘ˆ ƒ……‡•• –‘ ‹ˆ‘”æ ƒ–‹‘á™‡†‡ásyxx á–Š‡—„‡”‘ˆ…‘—–”‹‡•™‹–ŠŽ‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹‘‹–Š‹• ƒ”‡ƒ Šƒ• …‘–‹—‡† ƒ —’™ƒ”† –”‡†ä Š‡ ”‹‰Š– ‘ˆ ƒ……‡•• –‘ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘á ˆ”‡‡æ †‘ ‘ˆ ‡š’”‡••‹‘ ‹ ‹–• †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ˜‡”•‹‘•  ‘” –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘ ƒ”‡ –Š‡ƒ‹ Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹˜‡ Ž‹‡• ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‡† ‹ƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒä trsvá ‘‡›‡ƒ”ƒˆ–‡” –Š‡ ƒ†‘’–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘• ƒ™ ‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘” ƒ† ‹–• ”‡•’‡…–‹˜‡ ”‡æ ‰—Žƒ–‹‘•á –Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡– ‘ˆ ƒˆƒ‡Ž ‘””‡ƒ Šƒ• ’—– ˆ‘”™ƒ”† –Š‡ ’‘••‹„‹Ž‹–› –Šƒ– …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘„‡…‘‡ ƒ ’—„Ž‹… •‡”˜‹…‡á ™‹–Š –Š‡”‡•—Ž–‹‰ †‡„ƒ–‡ –Šƒ– ‰‡‡”ƒŽŽ›‹•†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡†ˆ”‘’‘Žƒ”‹•‡†‹†‡‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ ’‘•‹–‹‘•ä Š”‘—‰Š‘—– –Š‹• …Šƒ’–‡” ™‡ Šƒ˜‡ ƒ†‡ …‘•‹†‡”‡† –Š‡ ƒ‹ ƒ•’‡…–• –Šƒ– …‘—Ž†„‡ƒˆˆ‡…–‡†‹ˆ…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘™‡”‡–‘„‡…‘•‹†‡”‡†‹–Š‡‘•–‹–—–‹‘ ‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘” ƒ• ƒ ’—„Ž‹… •‡”˜‹…‡ä Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡á ™‡ Šƒ˜‡ ƒ††”‡••‡† –Š‡ …‘–”ƒ†‹…–‹‘• ƒ† ”‡‰—Žƒ–‘”› …ŠƒŽŽ‡‰‡• –Šƒ– ƒ› „‡ ‹…—””‡† •Š‘—Ž† –Š‡ ‘•–‹–—–‹‘ „‡ ƒ†ƒ’–‡† –‘ –Š‡ Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹‘ ‘” ˜‹…‡ ˜‡”•ƒë á –Š‡ ‘’’‘”–—‹–‹‡• ƒ† ”‹•• ˆ”‘ ‡…‘‘‹… ’‘‹– ‘ˆ ˜‹‡™ ™‹ŽŽ –Š‡ –ƒ–‡ „‡ –Š‡ ‘Ž› ‘‡ ”‡•æ ’‘•‹„Ž‡ ˆ‘” ƒƒ‰‹‰ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ‘” ™‹ŽŽ ‹– †‡Ž‡‰ƒ–‡ ƒƒ‰‡‡– ‹ ’”‹˜ƒ–‡Šƒ†•ë á–Š‡†‡‘…”ƒ–‹…ƒ•’‡…–•†‘‡•‹–‹’Ž›ƒ…‘–”‘Ž‘˜‡”–Š‡ƒ……‡•• –‘ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒë á –Š‡ …‹˜‹Ž ™‹ŽŽ –Š‡ …‹–‹œ‡ ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‹‘ ‹ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ‹…”‡ƒ•‡ë  ƒ† ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ‘‡• ™Šƒ– ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡ ™‹ŽŽ Šƒ˜‡ –Š‹• ‹–Š‡



’‡”ˆ‘”ƒ…‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒ…–‹˜‹–›ë  ˆ‘” …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ä Š‹• …Šƒ’–‡” ‹• ˆƒ” ˆ”‘ ‰‹˜‹‰…ƒ–‡‰‘”‹…ƒŽƒ•™‡”•â”ƒ–Š‡”‹–“—‡•–‹‘•‡™ƒ†’‘–‡–‹ƒŽ‹••—‡• –Šƒ– •Š‘—Ž† „‡ ƒƒŽ›•‡† –‘ —†‡”•–ƒ† –Š‡ ”‡ƒŽ •…‘’‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ …‘•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ ƒ‡†‡–’”‘’‘•‡†‹…—ƒ†‘”ä Š‡–”‡ƒ–‡–‘ˆ–Š‡…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘•›•–‡‘ˆƒ…‘—–”›‡ƒ• ƒ††”‡•æ •‹‰–Š‡–™‘•‹†‡•‹˜‘Ž˜‡†ãˆ”‡‡†‘‘ˆ‡š’”‡••‹‘ƒ†‘’‹‹‘„‘–Š‹†‹æ ˜‹†—ƒŽƒ†…‘ŽŽ‡…–‹˜‡ ƒ†ˆ”‡‡†‘‘ˆ–Š‡’”‡••ƒ†–Š‡•‘…‹ƒŽ…‘—‹…ƒæ –‹‘•›•–‡‹™Š‹…Š‹–‘’‡”ƒ–‡•„‘–Š‡†‹ƒƒ†…‘’ƒ‹‡• 䇛‘† –Š‡ Ž‡‰ƒŽá •‘…‹ƒŽ ƒ† ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ƒ”‰—‡–• –Šƒ– ”‡‹ˆ‘”…‡ ‡ƒ…Š ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’‘•‹–‹‘•á –Š‡‘””‡ƒ ‘˜‡”‡–ï•’”‘’‘•ƒŽ”‡˜‡ƒŽ•áˆ‘”–Š‡ˆ‹”•––‹‡‹–Š‡…‘—–”›á –Šƒ–…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘‹•ƒ•–”ƒ–‡‰‹…•‡…–‘”ä

1RWHV yy ”–‹…Ž‡ usw ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘•–‹–—–‹‘ ‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘”ã òŠ‡ –ƒ–‡ •ŠƒŽŽ ‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š ’—„Ž‹… ‡–‡”’”‹•‡• ˆ‘” –Š‡ ƒƒ‰‡‡– ‘ˆ•–”ƒ–‡‰‹…•‡…–‘”•á–Š‡’”‘˜‹•‹‘‘ˆ’—„Ž‹…•‡”˜‹…‡•á–Š‡•—•–ƒ‹ƒ„Ž‡—•‡‘ˆƒ–—”ƒŽ ”‡•‘—”…‡•‘”’—„Ž‹…‰‘‘†•ƒ†–Š‡†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– ‘ˆ ‘–Š‡” ‡…‘‘‹… ƒ…–‹˜‹–‹‡•ó ƒ† ”–‹…Ž‡ usxã òŠ‡ –ƒ–‡ ƒ› †‡Ž‡‰ƒ–‡ ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‹‘ ‹ •–”ƒ–‡‰‹…•‡…–‘”• ƒ† ’—„Ž‹… •‡”˜‹…‡• –‘ Œ‘‹– ˜‡–—”‡• ‹ ™Š‹…Š ‹– Šƒ• ƒ ƒŒ‘”‹–› •–ƒ‡ä å – ƒ›á ‡š…‡’–‹‘ƒŽŽ›á †‡Ž‡‰ƒ–‡–‘ –Š‡ ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ •‡…–‘” ƒ† ’‘’—Žƒ” ƒ† •‘Ž‹†ƒ”› ‡…‘‘› –Š‡ ’—”•—‡ ‘ˆ –Š‘•‡ ƒ…–‹˜‹–‹‡•óä yz ƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒ ‡†‡”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ä



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‘…‡’–—ƒŽ ”ƒ‡‘” ,QWURGXFWLRQ Š‡ ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… —Ž–—”‡ ‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘”    ’”‘Œ‡…– ‹• –Š‡ ”‡•—Ž– ‘ˆ ™‘” †‘‡ „› –Š‡ ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š ‰”‘—’ …‘‘”†‹ƒ–‡† „› ”ä ƒ”–À ŽŽ‡”Ž‘•‘ä Š‡ ’—”’‘•‡ ‘ˆ  ’”‘Œ‡…– ‹• –‘ •–—†› –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• –Šƒ– –ƒ‡• ’Žƒ…‡ ‹ …—ƒ†‘”á •‘ ƒ• –‘ ‘’‡ ‡™ ƒ‡”• ‘ˆ ƒƒŽ›•‹• –‘‡ƒ„Ž‡”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡”•ƒ†ƒŽŽ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽƒ† ‡…‘‘‹…Ž‡ƒ†‡”•–‘—†‡”•–ƒ†–Š‡…‘†‹–‹‘•–Šƒ–†‡–‡”‹‡–Š‡•–”—…–—”‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ ˆ”‘ ™‹–Š‹ –Š‡ …‘—–”›ä Š‡ƒ‹‡ˆˆ‘”–‹–Š‹•”‡•‡ƒ”…ŠŽ‹‡•‹–Š‡‹’‘”–ƒ–…Šƒ‰‡• ƒ†–”ƒ•æ ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘•–Šƒ–ƒ”‡‘……—””‹‰‹–Š‡…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ƒ†Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ˆ‹‡Ž† ‹…—ƒ†‘”䊇•‡…Šƒ‰‡•ƒ”‡ƒ…Š‘”‡†–‘–Š‡‡™‰Ž‘„ƒŽ’‹…–—”‡–Šƒ– ‹• –”ƒ•ˆ‘”‹‰•‘…‹‡–‹‡•ƒ–Ž‘…ƒŽá”‡‰‹‘ƒŽƒ†‰Ž‘„ƒŽŽ‡˜‡Ž•ä Š‡  ’”‘Œ‡…– •–”‹˜‡• –‘™ƒ”†• –Š‡ Š‹‰Š‡•– •–ƒ†ƒ”†• ‘ˆ •…‹‡–‹ˆ‹… …‘ŽŽƒ„‘æ ”ƒ–‹‘ƒ†…‘ŽŽ‡…–‹˜‡’—„Ž‹…ƒ–‹‘á–Š‡”‡ƒ•‘™Š›ƒ…‘‘‡–Š‘†‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ ˆ”ƒ‡™‘” ˆ‘” •‡˜‡”ƒŽ …‘—–”‹‡• •—…Š ƒ• ’ƒ‹á ™‹–œ‡”Žƒ† ƒ† —„ƒ Šƒ• „‡‡ …”‡ƒ–‡† ˆ‘” ˆ—–—”‡ ‹–‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ …‘’ƒ”‹•‘•ä Š‹• †”ƒˆ– ‘ˆ ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ƒ–—”‡ « ‹ ƒ ˆ‹”•– ’Šƒ•‡ « ‹ ™Š‹…Š –Š‹• „‘‘ ‹• „ƒ•‡†á ƒ† ‹–‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ƒ–—”‡ « ‹ ƒ •‡…‘† •–ƒ‰‡ « Šƒ• ˆ‘—” ƒ‹ ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‡•ã s ‘‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‡–Š‡•–ƒ–‡‘ˆ–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡‘ˆƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒ‹‰‡‡æ ”ƒŽƒ†‘ˆ–Š‡‡’—„Ž‹…‘ˆ…—ƒ†‘”‹’ƒ”–‹…—Žƒ”ზƒ–‹‡‹™Š‹…Š ”ƒ†‹…ƒŽ …Šƒ‰‡• ‹ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ •›•–‡ ‘ˆ –Š‹• …‘—–”› ƒ”‡ „‡‹‰ ƒ……‘’Ž‹•Š‡†á ƒ• ™‡ŽŽƒ•ƒ”‡•–”—…–—”‹‰‹…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘•–Šƒ––Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡–á ’”‡•‹†‡† ‘˜‡”„›ƒˆƒ‡Ž‘””‡ƒá‹• Š‘Ž†‹‰ä t ‘‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‡á –Š”‘—‰Š ƒ —Ž–‹Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘†‡Žá –Š‡ ƒ‹ …‘–‡š–—ƒŽ ˆƒ…–‘”• ‘ˆ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡ –Šƒ– †‡–‡”‹‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ‹ –Š‡ ‡’—„Ž‹… ‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘”ä u ‘…‘’ƒ”‡–Š‡•–ƒ–‡‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•‹–Š‡‡’—„Ž‹…‘ˆ…—ƒ†‘”™‹–Š ‘–Š‡” …‘—–”‹‡• ‹ ‘”†‡” –‘ –”ƒ… –Š‡ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡–‹ƒŽ ‡˜‘Ž—–‹‘ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ä v ‘ ˆ‘•–‡” ‹–‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ …‘ŽŽƒ„‘”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ‡š…Šƒ‰‡ ‘ˆ ‘™Ž‡†‰‡ ‹ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• •–—†‹‡•á …‘–”‹„—–‹‰ –‘ –Š‡ …”‡ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ƒ ƒ…ƒ†‡‹… „‘†› –Šƒ–



…‘’ƒ”ƒ–‹˜‡Ž›•–—†‹‡•–Š‡•–ƒ–‡‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ƒ––Š‡Ž‘…ƒŽá”‡‰‹‘ƒŽƒ†‰Ž‘„ƒŽ Ž‡˜‡Ž•ä Š‡  ’”‘Œ‡…– ‹• ‹• ‰”‘—†‡† ‹ –Š‡ ™‘” ƒ —Ž–—”ƒ ‡”‹‘†À•–‹…ƒ †‡ •’ƒæ Ӄ › —‹œƒ Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ ‘ˆ ’ƒ‹ ƒ† ™‹–œ‡”Žƒ† á …‘‘”†‹ƒ–‡† „› ”ä ƒ”–À ŽŽ‡” Ž‘•‘ ƒ† ƒ‰ä ƒ–”‹ ‡‹‡” ƒ†‡ „‡–™‡‡ trrz ƒ† trstá „ƒ•‡† ‘ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™• –‘ u{ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ˆ”‘ ‘”‡ –Šƒ sr ‡™• ‘”‰ƒæ ‹•ƒ–‹‘• ‹ „‘–Š …‘—–”‹‡•ä ‘”‡‘˜‡”á ‹– ‹• „ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡ –Š‡‘”‡–‹…ƒŽ ƒ† ’”ƒ…–‹…ƒŽ„ƒ•‹•‘ˆ–Š‡‹–‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ’”‘Œ‡…–‘”Ž†•‘ˆ ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–—†›   …‘‘”†‹ƒ–‡†„›”‘ˆä”䊑ƒ•ƒ‹–œ•…Šä

 -&(SURMHFWFRQFHSWXDO IUDPHZRUN Š‡  ’”‘Œ‡…– –ƒ‡• ƒ• ƒ ˆ‘…—• ‘ˆ •–—†› –Š‡ ƒ––‹–—†‡• ƒ† ’‡”…‡’–‹‘• ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ™Š‡ …ƒ””›‹‰ ‘—– –Š‡‹” ™‘”ä ‘‰‡– –‘ ‘™ –Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ …‘–‡š– ™‡ —•– ”‡˜‡”– –‘ –Š‡ …‘…‡’– ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡á •‹…‡ ™‹–Š‘—– ƒ –Š‘”‘—‰Š ƒƒŽ›•‹• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒ•’‡…–• –Šƒ– †‡ˆ‹‡ ƒ† …‘…‡’–—ƒŽ‹•‡ ‹–á –Š‡ ‡ƒ‹‰‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•…ƒ‘–„‡ˆ—ŽŽ›—†‡”•–‘‘†ä Š‡ ˆ‘…—• ‘ˆ –Š‹• ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š …‘•‹†‡”• –™‘ ˆ—†ƒ‡–ƒŽ …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹…• ‘ˆ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ã ‹– ‹• —‹˜‡”•ƒŽ ƒ† ‹• †‹˜‡”•‡ä –• —‹˜‡”•ƒŽ‹–› ‹• ƒ‹ˆ‡•–‡†ˆ”‘‹†‡‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ…‘•‡•—•ˆ‘”‡†ƒ†…‘ŽŽ‡…–‹˜‡Ž›•Šƒ”‡† „› Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ˆ”‘ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ‡†‹ƒ ƒ† …‘—–”‹‡• ‘” ƒ”‡ƒ• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ™‘”Ž†ä Š‡ ò–›’‹…ƒŽæ‹†‡ƒŽóƒ•’‡…–•‘ˆ–Š‡ò…‘•‘’‘Ž‹–ƒóŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•Šƒ’’‡™Š‡ s –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ‹• ƒ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ƒ…–‹˜‹–› …ƒ””‹‡† ‘—– ‹ ƒ Š‹‰ŠŽ› ‘”‰ƒ‹•‡† …‘–‡š– ƒ† ƒŽ•‘ t  ‹• ƒ ’—„Ž‹… •‡”˜‹…‡ –Šƒ– ’”‘˜‹†‡• ”‡Ž‡˜ƒ– ƒ† ƒ’’”‘æ ’”‹ƒ–‡ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘á –Šƒ– u  ‹• ’”‹ƒ”‹Ž› ‘”‹‡–‡† –‘™ƒ”†• –Š‡ ˆƒ…–• ƒ† –Šƒ– v ”‡“—‹”‡•ƒ–Ž‡ƒ•–•‘‡ƒ—–‘‘›ƒ†‹–‡ŽŽ‡…–—ƒŽ‹†‡’‡†‡…‡ä Š‡•‡ ‡Ž‡‡–• ƒ”‡ –Š‡ …‘‘ ‰”‘—† ‹ ™Š‹…Š †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– …—Ž–—”‡• ƒ”–‹…—Žƒ–‡ –Š‡‹”’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹…’Š‹Ž‘•‘’Š‹‡•ƒ„‘—–†‹˜‡”•‹–›‡—œ‡á trrwâ ‘˜ƒ…Šƒ†‘•‡•–‹‡Žátrrs⃐‹–œ•…Šƒ†‡‡–ŠƒŽ‡”átrr{ ä  …—ƒ†‘”á ƒ• ‹ ‘–Š‡” …‘—–”‹‡•á –Š‡ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡ ‘ˆ ò“—ƒŽ‹–› ‡†‹ƒó ‹• ‡˜‹æ †‡–„‡…ƒ—•‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡‹” •’‡…‹ƒŽ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡ ™‹–Š‹ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ •›•–‡á‹–‡”˜‡æ ‹‰ †‡…‹•‹˜‡Ž› ‹ –Š‡ ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ’—„Ž‹… ‘’‹‹‘ä Š‹• Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… “—ƒŽ‹–› …ƒ „‡ —†‡”•–‘‘† ƒ• ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ‡š…‡ŽŽ‡…‡ ‹ –Š‡ …‘ŽŽ‡…–‹‘á ’”‘…‡••‹‰ ƒ† …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‡™• ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ‹ –Š‡ „—‹Ž†‹‰ ‘ˆ ‹–• ‘’‹‹‘ ƒ† ‹–‡”’”‡–ƒ–‹‘ ’”‘†—…–•ä òŠ‹• ‹’Ž‹‡•á ˆ‹”•–Ž›á –Šƒ– –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•– •Š‘—Ž† „‡ •—„Œ‡…– –‘ –Š‡ –‡…Š‹…ƒŽ ƒ† ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ ”—Ž‡• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ ƒ†á •‡…‘†æ



Ž›á –Šƒ– ‹–‡ŽŽ‡…–—ƒŽ Š‘‡•–› ƒ† ”‹‰‘—” —•– ƒŽ™ƒ›• „‡ ’”‡•‡– ‡š– –‘ –Š‡ •‡•‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’—„Ž‹… ‹–‡”‡•– •‡”˜‹…‡ ‘ˆ –Šƒ– –Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ ‹ˆ‘”•ó ‘””‹…‘á trrvâtrrxãw ä —ƒŽ‹–›‡†‹ƒƒ”‡’ƒ”–‹…—Žƒ”Ž›•—‹–ƒ„Ž‡ˆ‘”‹–‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ…‘’ƒ”‹•‘áò„‡…ƒ—•‡ –Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡ ƒ› •‹‹Žƒ”‹–‹‡• ‹ –Š‡ ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ’”‡•• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”‡•’‡…–‹˜‡“—ƒŽ‹–› ‡†‹ƒó  ƒ””‡–– ƒ† ‘‰‡Žá trrzã sz ä Ž‘‰ ™‹–Š –Š‡ •‹‹Žƒ”‹–‹‡• ƒŽ”‡ƒ†› ”‡…‘‰‹•‡†™‹–Š‹–Š‡“—ƒŽ‹–›‡†‹ƒ‘ˆƒƒ–‹‘á–‘‘á ò‹–•Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡á ‹••—‡•ƒ†‹–‡”’”‡–ƒ–‹‘•–Šƒ–“—ƒŽ‹–›‡†‹ƒ’‡”…‡‹˜‡ƒ†–Š‡…‘•‡“—‡…‡• –Š‡›Šƒ˜‡ƒ”‡†‡–‡”‹ƒ–•ó ƒ””‡––ƒ†‘‰‡Žátrrzã s{ 䊗•á Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ˆ”‘†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–‡™•”‘‘•™‹–Š‹–Š‡“—ƒŽ‹–›‡†‹ƒ‘ˆ…—ƒ†‘”ƒ”‡‡šƒ‹‡†á ™‹–Š –Š‡‹” †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ™ƒ›• ‘ˆ –Š‹‹‰ ƒ† –Š‡‹” …—Žæ–—”ƒŽ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡…‡•á –‘ •‡‡ Š‘™ –Š‡› —†‡”•–ƒ† ƒ† ’‡”…‡‹˜‡ –Š‡ †‹‡•‹‘•†‹•…—••‡† ‹ –Š‡  ’”‘Œ‡…–ä –• †‹˜‡”•‹–› ‹• ƒ‹ˆ‡•– ˆ”‘ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ ’‡”…‡’–‹‘• –Šƒ– Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• Šƒ˜‡ ƒ„‘—– •‘‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒ‹ †‹‡•‹‘• •–—†‹‡† ‹ –Š‡ ƒƒŽ›•‹• ‘ˆ –Š‡  ’”‘æ Œ‡…–ã

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Š‹• •–—†› ‹• „ƒ•‡† ‘ ƒ “—ƒŽ‹–ƒ–‹˜‡ ‡–Š‘†á •‘ –Šƒ– –Š‡ ˆ‹‡Ž† ™‘” ‹• ƒ…æ …‘’ƒ‹‡† „› ƒ –Š‘”‘—‰Š ’”‹‘” –Š‡‘”‡–‹…ƒŽ ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š –Šƒ– •‡”˜‡• ƒ• ƒ ”‡ˆ‡æ ”‡…‡áƒ•”‡…‘‡†‡†„›ƒ—–Š‘”•Ž‹‡ƒ›”‹‰s{{wátrrt ƒ†ŽŽ‡” ƒ† ‡‹‡” trst ä  –Š‹• •–—†›á Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ƒ”‡ ƒƒŽ›•‡† ™‹–Š‹ –Š‡ …‘–‡š– ‘ˆ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ ‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘” ‹ ‘”†‡” –‘ —†‡”•–ƒ† –Š‡ ’‡”…‡’–‹‘• ƒ† ƒ––‹–—†‡• ‘ˆ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ• ƒ”‘—† –Š‡ †‹‡•‹‘• ‘ˆã s  –Š‡ •‡Žˆæ’‡”…‡’æ –‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ”‘Ž‡á t  –Š‡ ‹†‡ƒ ‘ˆ ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–› ƒ• ƒ ‹†‡ƒŽ ƒ† ƒ• ƒ ‡–Š‘†áu Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹…‡–Š‹…•áv –Š‡’‡”…‡’–‹‘‘ˆƒ—–‘‘›â w –Š‡Ž‡˜‡Ž‘ˆ –”—•–‹‹•–‹–—–‹‘•âƒ†x –Š‡’‡”…‡‹˜‡†…‘–‡š–—ƒŽ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡•ä Š‡ ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š –‡ƒ ‹• ƒ™ƒ”‡ –Šƒ– ‹– ‹• ‘– ’‘••‹„Ž‡ –‘ ‰‡‡”ƒŽ‹•‡ –Š‡ ”‡•—Ž–• ‘„–ƒ‹‡†ˆ”‘”‡•‡ƒ”…Š„ƒ•‡†‘ƒ“—ƒŽ‹–ƒ–‹˜‡‡–Š‘†á„—–ვƒ›”‹‰trrt  •–ƒ–‡•á ƒ •‡”‹‡• ‘ˆ †ƒ–ƒ –Šƒ– ‰‘‡• —‘–‹…‡† ‹ ƒ “—ƒ–‹–ƒ–‹˜‡ ‹˜‡•–‹‰ƒ–‹‘ …ƒ „‡ ƒ…Š‹‡˜‡†ä Š‡ “—ƒŽ‹–ƒ–‹˜‡ ‡–Š‘† ’”‘˜‹†‡• ˆ—ŽŽ ‰—ƒ”ƒ–‡‡• ‘ˆ ƒ ‰”‡ƒ–‡” †‡‡’‡‹‰ ‹ •’‡…‹ˆ‹… …ƒ•‡•á ’”‘˜‹†‹‰ ‘”‡ ƒ……—”ƒ–‡ ƒ† …‘’”‡Š‡•‹˜‡‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡•—„Œ‡…–‘ˆ•–—†›äŠ‹•ƒ•’‡…–™‹ŽŽŠ‡Ž’–Š‡ •–—†› –‘ ƒ˜‘‹† –Š‡ ‡‹••‹‘ ‘ˆ •–‡”‡‘–›’‹…ƒŽ Œ—†‰‡–• ‘” ”‡’”‘†—…–‹‘‘ˆ …Ž‹…Š±•‹–Š‡”‡•—Ž–•Ž‡‹•–‡—„‡”átrru ä

 6DPSOH Š‡  ’”‘Œ‡…– †‘‡• ‘– ’”‘’‘•‡ ƒ •‹‰‹ˆ‹…ƒ– •ƒ’Ž‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ƒ† Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ‹ …—ƒ†‘” „‡…ƒ—•‡ –‘†ƒ› –Š‡› ƒ”‡ •–‹ŽŽ ™‘”‹‰ ‘ ƒ …‡•—• –Šƒ–‘ˆˆ‹…‹ƒŽŽ›‡•–‹ƒ–‡•–Š‡–‘–ƒŽ—„‡”ä ‘”–Š‹•”‡ƒ•‘áƒ‡–Š‘†‘ˆ•ƒæ ’Ž‡ •‡Ž‡…–‹‘ „ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡ …‘•–”—…–‹‘ ‘ˆ ƒ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹˜‡ ‡†‹ƒ •›•–‡ ‹ƒ‰‡‘ˆ…—ƒ†‘”ƒ†–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•Šƒ•„‡‡‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡†ä Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡á†ƒ–ƒ‹•…‘ŽŽ‡…–‡†‘˜‡”ã ƒ –Š‡—„‡”ƒ††‹•–”‹„—–‹‘‘ˆ”‡‰‹‘ƒŽ‡†‹ƒá „ –Š‡•–”—…–—”‡‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒ•›•–‡‹–‡”•‘ˆ‘™‡”•Š‹’ƒ†–›’‡ ‘” ‘–Š‡””‡Ž‡˜ƒ–’ƒ”ƒ‡–‡”•áƒ† … –Š‡—„‡”‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ä Š‹•†ƒ–ƒ™ƒ•‘„–ƒ‹‡†ˆ”‘ƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡•‘—”…‡•á•—…Šƒ•ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‰—‹†‡• –‘ –Š‡‡†‹ƒá–Š‡‘ˆˆ‹…‹ƒŽ†ƒ–ƒ‘–Š‡‡†‹ƒá–Š‡ƒ–‹‘ƒŽƒ••‘…‹ƒ–‹‘•‘ˆŒ‘—”æ ƒŽ‹•–•ƒ†‡†‹–‘”•ƒ†–Š‡…‡•—• †ƒ–ƒä Š‹• ’”‘Œ‡…– …‘•‹†‡”• òƒ•• ‡†‹ƒó ‘Ž› –Š‡ ‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘• ™‹–Š ‘™ ’”‘æ ‰”ƒ‹‰ ‘” ‡™• •‡…–‹‘ä ‡†‹ƒ ‘– ’”‘†—…‹‰ ‡™• …‘–‡–• ƒ”‡ ‡š…Ž—æ



†‡†ä ‘”‡‘˜‡”á –Š‡ •–—†›ˆ‘…—•‡•‘ ò’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ó ‘„–ƒ‹‹‰ƒ– Ž‡ƒ•– wr¨ ‘ˆ –Š‡‹” ‹…‘‡ ˆ”‘ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•  –Šƒ– „‡Ž‘‰ –‘ –Š‡ ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰ ‡†‹ƒã ‡™•’ƒ’‡”•á –‡Ž‡˜‹•‹‘ •–ƒ–‹‘•á ”ƒ†‹‘ •–ƒ–‹‘• ƒ† –Š‡‹” ‘Ž‹‡ ˜‡”æ •‹‘•ä

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 'DWDFROOHFWLRQTXDOLWDWLYH LQWHUYLHZV ‡•‡ƒ”…Š„ƒ•‡†‘ƒ“—ƒŽ‹–ƒ–‹˜‡‡–Š‘†áƒ•‡–‹‘‡†ƒ„‘˜‡á‹•ƒ……‘æ’ƒ‹‡† „› ’”‡˜‹‘—• –Š‡‘”‡–‹…ƒŽ ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š ™‘” –Šƒ– •‡”˜‡• ƒ• ƒ ”‡ˆ‡”‡…‡ ƒ›”‹‰á trrt ä Š—•á ƒ ƒ……‡’–ƒ„Ž‡ –Š‡‘”‡–‹…ƒŽ „ƒ•‹• ‹• ‘„–ƒ‹‡† ’”‹‘” –‘…‘†—…–‹‰ ‹æ†‡’–Š‹–‡”˜‹‡™•ˆƒ…‡–‘ ˆƒ…‡ä —ƒŽ‹–ƒ–‹˜‡ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™• ƒ”‡ ’ƒ”–‹…—Žƒ”Ž› •—‹–ƒ„Ž‡ ˆ‘” ’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘• ‘ˆ –‘’‹…• ƒ† ‰‡‡”ƒŽ ƒ† •’‡…‹ˆ‹… ‘’‹‹‘• ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ƒ„‘—– –Š‡‹” ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ä  –Š‡ ™‘”†• ‘ˆ ƒ‡ trrwã uvt á ò™‡ …ƒ …‘•‹†‡” –Š‹• –›’‡ ‘ˆ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™ ƒ• ƒ ‘’‡ –‘‘Ž –Šƒ– ˆƒ…‹Ž‹–ƒ–‡• …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘óä —ƒŽ‹–ƒ–‹˜‡ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™• ƒ”‡ Ž‡•••–”—…–—”‡†–Šƒ“—ƒ–‹–ƒ–‹˜‡‹–‡”˜‹‡™•á•‹…‡–Š‡•‡‘‡• ƒ”‡…ƒ””‹‡†‘—– ˆ”‘ ƒ •‡”‹‡• ‘ˆ “—‡•–‹‘• ‘ˆ …Ž‘•‡† …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”ä —– ò•’‡…‹ˆ‹… “—‡•–‹‘•‘ƒ –‘’‹… ƒ”‡ ƒ•‡† •‘ –Šƒ– Žƒ–‡” –Š‘•‡ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡† …ƒ ”‡•’‘† ˆ”‡ ‡Ž›ó …Š‡ŽŽá ‹ŽŽ ƒ† ••‡”á s{{{ã uww ä Š‡ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡” ƒ› ƒ• ƒ††‹–‹‘ƒŽ “—‡•–‹‘•–Šƒ–†‘‘–ƒ’’‡ƒ”‡š’Ž‹…‹–Ž›‹–Š‡•…”‹’–䊗•áò ”‡•’‘†‡–•ƒ› ”‡ƒ…– •’‘–ƒ‡‘—•Ž› ƒ† ‘’‡Ž› –‘ “—‡•–‹‘•á †‡–‡”‹‹‰ –Š‡ …‘—”•‡‘ˆ–Š‡ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™ó ƒ›”‹‰á trrtã x{æyr ä ‘” –Š‹• ”‡ƒ•‘á òƒ “—ƒŽ‹–ƒ–‹˜‡ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™ ”‡“—‹”‡• •’‘–ƒ‡‘—• ƒ† …‘–‹—‘—• ƒ••‡••‡– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”‡•’‘•‡•ƒ†



ƒ†ƒ’–ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡”ï•“—‡•–‹‘•ó…Š‡ŽŽá‹ŽŽƒ†••‡”á s{{{ãsss ä Š‹• ‹• ƒ …Ž‡ƒ” ƒ†˜ƒ–ƒ‰‡ ‘˜‡” ò“—ƒ–‹–ƒ–‹˜‡ •—”˜‡›• ‹ ™Š‹…Š ƒ•™‡”• ƒ”‡ —•—ƒŽŽ›”‡Žƒ–‡†–‘•—’‡”ˆ‹…‹ƒŽƒ•’‡…–•óƒ‡átrrwãuvs 䐎‹‡ƒ “—ƒ–‹æ –ƒ–‹˜‡ ƒƒŽ›•‹•á ò–Š‡ “—ƒŽ‹–ƒ–‹˜‡ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™• ƒ”‡ „ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡ ƒƒŽ›•‹• ‘ˆ ƒ ‹•‘Žƒ–‡†…ƒ•‡™Š‹…Š…ƒ„‡‹–‡”’”‡–‡†‡–‹”‡Ž›‹•‡ƒ”…Š‘ˆ†‡‡’‡”ƒ†‘”‡ ƒ……—”ƒ–‡ ”‡•—Ž–•ó ƒ›”‹‰á trrtã vt ä Š‡ †‹•ƒ†˜ƒ–ƒ‰‡ ™‹–Š “—ƒŽ‹–ƒ–‹˜‡ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™•‹•–Š‡Ž‹––Ž‡…‘’ƒ”ƒ„‹Ž‹–›‘ˆ”‡•—Ž–•äŠ‹•…ƒ„‡…‘’‡•ƒ–‡† ˆ‘” „› ’‡”ˆ‘”‹‰ ƒ †‡–ƒ‹Ž‡† ƒ† ™‡ŽŽæ•–”—…–—”‡† ‹–‡”˜‹‡™ä ‘ –Šƒ– ‹–•–ƒ›• –Š‡ •ƒ‡ •–”—…–—”‡ ‹ ƒŽŽ –Š‡ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™• ƒ† ƒŽŽ –Š‡ ‹••—‡• ƒ† ƒ”‡ƒ•‘ˆ ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š Šƒ˜‡ –Š‡ •ƒ‡ –”‡ƒ–‡– …Š‡ŽŽá ‹ŽŽ ƒ† ••‡”á s{{{ ä Š—•á–Š‡ ™‘” ‘ˆ –Š‡ ˆ‹ƒŽ †ƒ–ƒ ‡š–”ƒ…–‹‘ ƒ† •—„•‡“—‡– …‘’ƒ”‹•‘ ™‹ŽŽ ƒŽ•‘„‡ˆƒ…‹Ž‹–ƒ–‡† ƒ›”‹‰átrrt 䇐…‡á–Š‡”‡ƒ”‡…Ž‡ƒ”ƒ†˜ƒ–ƒ‰‡•ˆ‘”‘—””‡•‡ƒ”…Š‹–Š‡—•‡ ‘ˆ “—ƒŽ‹–ƒ–‹˜‡ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™•á •—…Š ƒ• –Š‡ ƒ†ƒ’–ƒ–‹‘ –‘ –Š‡ …—Ž–—”ƒŽ …‘–‡š–á ˆ”ƒ‡••áƒ˜‘‹†…‘ˆ—•‹‘á ‡–…ä ‘…‘’Ž‡–‡–Š‡ƒƒŽ›•‹•á™‹–Š‹†‡’–Š‹–‡”˜‹‡™•–Š‡”‡ƒ”‡•‘‡ …Ž‘•‡† ƒ–—”‡ “—‡•–‹‘• ™‹–Š –Š‡ ‹–‡–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‰—‹†‹‰ –Š‡ ”‡•’‘†‡–• ‹ •‘‡ ƒ”‡ƒ•–Šƒ–ƒ›„‡—…‡”–ƒ‹äŠ‡•‡Š‡Ž’–‘ò‘˜‡”…‘‡–Š‡’”‘„Ž‡•‹–Š‡ –”‡ƒ–‡–‘ˆ“—ƒŽ‹–ƒ–‹˜‡”‡•‡ƒ”…Š†ƒ–ƒáƒ…Š‹‡˜‹‰ƒ‘”‡‰‡‡”ƒŽ‹ƒ‰‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡‘„Œ‡…–‘ˆ–Š‡‹˜‡•–‹‰ƒ–‹‘ó Ž‹…átrrvãxz ä Š‡“—‡•–‹‘ƒ‹”‡—•‡†ˆ‘”‹–‡”˜‹‡™•‹•†‹˜‹†‡†‹–‘•‹š•‡…–‹‘• ”‡Žƒ–‹‰ –‘ ‡ƒ…Š ‘ˆ –Š‡ †‹‡•‹‘• ‘ˆ ƒƒŽ›•‹• ’Ž—• ƒ •‡”‹‡• ‘ˆ ‰‡‡”ƒŽ ƒ† •‘…‹‘æ †‡‘‰”ƒ’Š‹… “—‡•–‹‘•ä ‹ƒŽŽ›á –Š‡ ‹æ†‡’–Š ‹–‡”˜‹‡™• ™‡”‡…‘†—…–‡† ˆƒ…‡–‘ˆƒ…‡†—”‹‰–Š‡ˆ‹”•–ŠƒŽˆ‘ˆtrsv‹–Š‡‡™•”‘‘•‘ˆ‡ƒ…ŠƒƒŽ›•‡† ‡†‹ƒä

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Culture

Journalistic Culture

Intermediate Journalistic Culture

Western Journalistic Culture

Journalistic Culture of Ecuador

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Žƒ”‰‡” Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… ò‡…‘•›•–‡óä ‘”‡‘˜‡”á ™‹–Š‹ –Š‡ …‘’Ž‡š‹–‹‡• ‘ˆ ‡™•ƒ‹‰‹–Š‡‡”ƒ‘ˆ†‹‰‹–‹œƒ–‹‘ƒ† …‘˜‡”‰‡…‡á™Š‡”‡áƒ……‘”†‹‰–‘ ‘––Ž‡trry ᐇ™•’”‘†—…–‹‘…ƒ‘Ž‘‰‡”„‡—†‡”•–‘‘†ƒ•…‘…‡–”ƒ–‡† ‹ –Š‡ ƒ–‡”‹ƒŽ •’ƒ…‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡™•”‘‘ ƒ† …ƒ””‹‡† ‘—– „› •’‡…‹ƒŽ‹œ‡† ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ•á„—–”ƒ–Š‡”ƒ•ƒ”ƒ†‹…ƒŽŽ›†‹˜‡”•‡ƒ††‹•’‡”•‡†•‡–‘ˆƒ…–‹˜‹–‹‡• ‹˜‘Ž˜‹‰ ƒ „”‘ƒ† ”ƒ‰‡ ‘ˆ ‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ–‹‘•á ‰”‘—’•á ƒ† ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ• ‹ ƒ› ’Žƒ…‡•ƒ†‘˜ƒ”‹‡†’Žƒ–ˆ‘”•ä  ‹• „ƒ•‡† ‘ ‘”‰ƒ‹… ‘†‡Ž• —•‡† ‹ „‹‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ •…‹‡…‡• ƒ†á ƒ• ”‡‡” s{z{ãsuu  …‘ˆ‹”•á ò–Š‡ ‡–ƒ’Š‘” ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹–‡”ƒ…–‹‘ „‡–™‡‡á ‘ –Š‡ ‘‡ Šƒ†áƒ‹–‡”ƒŽŽ›‘”‰ƒ‹œ‡†•–”—…–—”‡á™Š‹…Š–”ƒ•ˆ‘”•‡‡”‰›‹‘”†‡”Ž› ™ƒ›• ƒ† ’‡”’‡–—ƒ–‡• ‹–•‡Žˆ ƒ†á ‘ –Š‡ ‘–Š‡” Šƒ†á ‹–• ‡˜‹”‘‡–á ‹• ’ƒ”–‹…—Žƒ”Ž› ƒ’’‡ƒŽ‹‰–‘ –Š‘•‡ ™Š‘ •–—†› •‘…‹ƒŽ ‰”‘—’•ä ‡– –Š‡ ƒŒ‘” Žƒ™• ‹˜‘Ž˜‡† ‹ —•‹‰ –Š‹• ‹† ‘ˆ–Š‡‘”› ƒ”‡ ‘– ‡…Šƒ‹…ƒŽ ‹ ƒ–—”‡â –Š‡› ƒ”‡ –›’‘Ž‘‰‹‡•‘ˆ•–”—…–—”‡•á‘ˆ‡˜‹”‘‡–•áƒ†‘ˆ‹–‡”ƒ…–‹‘„‡–™‡‡–Š‡–™‘óä Š‹•‘”‰ƒ‹…‘†‡Žáƒ……‘”†‹‰–‘‡‡––s{yxãtræts áò‹•–Š‡‘”‹‰‹‘ˆ–Š‡ ˆ—…–‹‘ƒŽ‹• ‹ „‘–Š •‘…‹‘Ž‘‰› ƒ† •‘…‹ƒŽ ƒ–Š”‘’‘Ž‘‰›á „ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡ ƒƒŽ‘‰‹‡• –‘ –Š‡ …‘‘’‡”ƒ–‹‘ ‘” ‹ •‘‡ ˜‡”•‹‘•á …‘’‡–‹‰  „‡–™‡‡ ‘”‰ƒ‹• ƒ† „‹‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ •›•–‡•ä ‹‡ –Š‡ ‡…Šƒ‹…ƒŽ ‘†‡Žá Š‘™‡˜‡”á –Š‡ ˆ—…–‹‘ƒŽ‹•–•ï ƒ’’”‘ƒ…Š Šƒ• ‡’Šƒ•‹œ‡† ‘”†‡” ƒ† ‡“—‹Ž‹„”‹—á ‘” ƒ– Ž‡ƒ•– Š‘‡‘•–ƒ•‹• ”‡‰—Žƒ” ˆŽ—…–—ƒ–‹‘•á ™‹–Š ƒ‹–‡ƒ…‡ ‘ˆ ƒ …‘•–ƒ– ƒ˜‡”ƒ‰‡ •–ƒ–‡‘ˆ–Š‡•›•–‡ óä Š‡•‡‹†‡ƒ•ƒ”‡‘–‡™á’‡…‡”szyz ዐ–Š‡Žƒ–‡ …‡–—”›á–Š‘—‰Š–ƒ„‘—– –Š‡ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’ „‡–™‡‡ „‹‘Ž‘‰› ƒ† •‘…‹‘Ž‘‰›ã òŠ‡ ‡š–”‡‹•–á •›•–‡ƒ–‹… ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡•‘ˆ–Š‡‹–‡‰”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡–Š‡‘”›‘ˆƒ–—”ƒŽ•‡Ž‡…–‹‘‘”‰ƒ‹…‹•– ˜‹•‹‘ ‘ˆ •‘…‹‡–›ó ‹ —‹ŽŽ‘ ƒ† ƒ…‘„•á trrtã stw â ƒ† —‰Š‡• ƒ† ƒ”á ™‹–Š‹–Š‡Š‹…ƒ‰‘…Š‘‘Žá†‹•…—••‡†–Š‡ò‡…‘Ž‘‰›ó‘ˆ…‘—‹–‹‡•‹‡‡•‡á trr{ 䇘‡”–Š‡Ž‡••á„‡•‹†‡•–Š‡†‹•’—–‡„‡–™‡‡–Š‡…‘…‡’–•‘ˆ‡…Šƒ‹• ƒ†‘”‰ƒ‹…‹•á‘—”’”‘’‘•ƒŽ•Š‘™•–Š‡ƒ•ƒ–‘‘Ž…ƒ’ƒ„Ž‡‘ˆƒƒŽ›œ‹‰ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ƒ•ƒ‹•–”—‡––Šƒ–‹•…‘ˆ‹‰—”‡†™‹–Šƒ•’‡…‹ˆ‹…‡†ä –Š‹••‡•‡á Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•…‘—Ž†„‡ƒ‡…Šƒ‹•á„—–á’ƒ”ƒ’Š”ƒ•‹‰ —‹ŽŽ‘ƒ† ƒ…‘„•trrt á ƒ ˜‡”› •’‡…‹ƒŽ ‘‡á ‰‹˜‡ –Šƒ– ‹–‡–‹‘ Šƒ• †‡–‡”‹‡† ‹–• ƒ”…Š‹–‡…–—”‡ ƒ† ‘˜‡‡–‹˜‹‡™–‘ƒ•’‡…‹ˆ‹…”‡•—Ž–ä Š‡ á ƒ††”‡••‹‰ –Š‡ …‘’ƒ”ƒ–‹˜‡ …‘–‡š–—ƒŽ ƒƒŽ›•‹• ‘ˆ ‹–‡”‡†‹ƒ–‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡•ƒ”‘—†–Š‡™‘”Ž†á…‘’‡Ž•—•–‘…‘•‹†‡”‡–Š‘‰”ƒ’Š›ƒ• ƒ‘„Œ‡…–‘ˆ‘™Ž‡†‰‡慗Ž–—”‡æ–Šƒ–Šƒ•”‡ƒ‹‡†”‡Žƒ–‹˜‡Ž›…‘•–ƒ–ƒ…”‘•• …Šƒ‰‡•‹–Š‡‘”‡–‹…ƒŽ’‘•‹–‹‘•ƒ†‹–‡”’”‡–‹˜‡‡–Š‘†•”‡†‹ás{{u ä 



–Š‡ …‘—–”‹‡• ™‹–Š ƒ ‘†‡Ž ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• †‡ˆ‹‡† „› –Š‡‹” ò‹–‡”‡†‹ƒ–‡ …‘†‹–‹‘óá Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ’Žƒ› ƒ –”ƒ•˜‡”•ƒŽ ”‘Ž‡ ™‹–Š‹ ‡–™‘”• ‘ˆ ’‘™‡”á …‘•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽƒ†ˆƒ…–—ƒŽá™Š‹…Š’Žƒ…‡•–Š‡ƒ•ƒ‹†‡ƒŽ‘„Œ‡…–‘ˆƒƒŽ›•‹•†—‡ –‘Š‹•–‘”‹…ƒŽá•‘…‹ƒŽá’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽá‡…‘‘‹…ᇆ—…ƒ–‹‘ƒŽá–‡…Š‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽƒ†‡†‹ƒ •›•–‡•ä Š‹• …‘–‡š– •Šƒ’‡• –Š‡ ‡’‹•–‡‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ „ƒ•‡• –Šƒ– †‡ˆ‹‡ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡• ‘ˆ –Š‡•‡ …‘—–”‹‡•á –”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽŽ› Ž‘…ƒ–‡† ‹ –Š‡ •‘æ…ƒŽŽ‡† ‰Ž‘„ƒŽ ‘—–Š ƒ† –Šƒ– •Šƒ”‡ ƒ …‘ˆŽ‹…–‹˜‡ ‡…‘•›•–‡ ‹ ™Š‹…Š –Š‡ Š‹•–‘”‹…ƒŽ ’”‘…‡••‡•‘ˆ…‘Ž‘‹œƒ–‹‘ƒ††‘‹ƒ–‹‘ƒ†–Š‡ƒ…‡•–”ƒŽ…—Ž–—”‡•…‘˜‡”‰‡ä –Š‹•’”‘…‡••‘ˆ•‡Žˆæ”‡…‘‰‹–‹‘ƒ†•‡Žˆæ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘–Š‡‡–Š‘‰”ƒ’Š‹…ƒŽ ‡–Š‘†‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ•–”‡‰–Š•ˆŽ‘—”‹•Šä•‘––Ž‡trry ’‘‹–•‘—–á ‹–Š‡…‘–‡š–‘ˆ‡™••–—†›á’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‘„•‡”˜ƒ–‹‘‘”‡–Š‘‰”ƒ’Š›”‡ˆ‡”–‘–Š‡ ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡–Š‘†–Šƒ–‹˜‘Ž˜‡•–Š‡”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡”•’‡†‹‰…‘•‹†‡”ƒ„Ž‡–‹‡‹–Š‡ ˆ‹‡Ž†á‘„•‡”˜‹‰ƒ†–ƒŽ‹‰–‘Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ƒ•–Š‡›‰‘ƒ„‘—––Š‡‹”†ƒ‹Ž›–ƒ••ƒ† †‘…—‡–‹‰ –Š‡‹” ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ’”ƒ…–‹…‡• ƒ† …—Ž–—”‡ä Š‹• ”‡“—‹”‡• –‹‡á …‘‹–‡–ƒ† •‡Žˆæ”‡ˆŽ‡š‹˜‹–› ƒ• –Š‡’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–æ‘„•‡”˜‡” ƒ†Œ—•–• Š‹•‘” Š‡” •–ƒ…‡ –‘™ƒ”†• –Š‘•‡ ‡…‘—–‡”‡† ‹ –Š‡ ˆ‹‡Ž†á •‘‡–‹‡• ™‹–Š –Š‡ ƒ……‡– ‘ ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‹‘ïá •‘‡–‹‡• ‘ •‡”˜ƒ–‹‘ïá ƒ• –Š‡ ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š ’”‘…‡‡†• ƒ† ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’•†‡˜‡Ž‘’–Š”‘—‰Š–‹‡ä

Š‡•‡‘–‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽƒ†‡’‹•–‡‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ“—‡•–‹‘•‹–Š‡•–—†›‘ˆ‹–‡”‡†‹ƒ–‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡Šƒ˜‡–‘„‡…‘’Ž‡–‡†„›–Š‡ˆ‹‡Ž†‘ˆƒ–Š”‘’‘Ž‘‰›–‘ƒ˜‘‹† ”‡•—Ž–•ƒ••‘…‹ƒ–‡†™‹–Š‹†‡ƒ•‘ˆ‡š‘–‹…á„‹œƒ””‡áƒ†‘—–•‹†‡”…—Ž–—”‡•âƒƒŽ›œ‡† ‹–Š‡†‹•–ƒ…‡ƒ•–Š‡ò‘–Š‡”•ó䐖Š”‘’‘Ž‘‰›…ƒŠ‡Ž’—•ƒ˜‘‹†–Š‹•‰ƒ’‹‘—” ƒƒŽ›•‹•„‡…ƒ—•‡ò‹–Šƒ•”ƒ‹•‡†–Š‡ˆ—†ƒ‡–ƒŽ“—‡•–‹‘‘ˆŠ‘™‘™Ž‡†‰‡‘ˆ ‡‘–Š‡”ï‹•’”‘†—…‡†ä吖Š”‘’‘Ž‘‰›‹•„‘–Š–Š‡’–—”‹‰ï‘ˆƒ‡š–‡”ƒŽ …—Ž–—”ƒŽ†‹˜‡”•‹–›ƒ†ƒ––Š‡•ƒ‡–‹‡ƒ‹–‡”ƒŽ…—Ž–—”ƒŽ…”‹–‹“—‡óƒ”…—• ƒ† ‹•…Š‡”á s{zxã tr ä ˜‡ ˆ—”–Š‡”á –Š‡ —”‘’‡ƒ †‹•…‘˜‡”› ‘ˆ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– …—Ž–—”‡•ƒ†…‘•–”—…–‹‘•‘ˆ…—Ž–—”ƒŽ†‹ˆˆ‡”‡…‡’‘‹–‡†–‘–Š‡ƒ„‹‰—‹–›‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡•–5• ‘™ …‘…‡’– ‘ˆ Š—ƒ‹–› ƒ† ”‡“—‹”‡† ”‡ˆŽ‡…–‹‘ —’‘ –Š‡ ˜‡”› ‘–‹‘‘ˆ…‹˜‹Ž‹œƒ–‹‘”‡†‹ás{{u ä Š‹• ‘†‡” ”‡ƒŽ‹–› ™‹–Š‹ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š ”‡“—‹”‡• ƒ ‘†‡Ž ƒ„Ž‡ –‘ ‡ƒ•—”‡ –Š‡ ‡ƒ‹‰ ƒ† –Š‡ ‹–‡”ƒŽ …‘Š‡”‡…‡ ‘ˆ ƒŽŽ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ’”‘…‡••‡• ƒ† –Š‡ …‘’Ž‡š‹–› ‘ˆ ‹–‡”ƒŽ ‡š–‡”ƒŽ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘• „‡–™‡‡ –Š‡ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡–•–”—…–—”‡•á•›•–‡•ƒ†ƒ…–‘”•™‹–Š‹–Š‡‹”…‘–‡š–ä †áƒ„‘˜‡ƒŽŽáƒ ‘†‡Ž ‘ˆ ƒƒŽ›•‹• ‘ˆ ‹–‡”‡†‹ƒ–‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡• ™Š‹…Š ‹• …ƒ’ƒ„Ž‡ ‘ˆ ƒ˜‘‹†‹‰ –Š‡ ’”‡…‘…‡‹˜‡† ‘–‹‘• ‘ˆ ò’‡”‹’Š‡”ƒŽ …‘—–”‹‡•óá ò’”‹‹–‹˜‡ …—Ž–—”‡•ó ‘” ò‘„Ž‡ •ƒ˜ƒ‰‡ó æ „ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡‹” ƒ–—”ƒŽá —‡š’Ž‘‹–‡† ƒ†



—…‘–ƒ‹ƒ–‡†…‘†‹–‹‘•æ⇏’Šƒ•‹œ‹‰–Š‡‹”ò…‘’Ž‡šƒ–—”‡ó†‡ˆ‹‡†„› ò’”‡…‡’–•‘ˆ…‘ˆŽ‹…–Ꮛ•…‡‰‡ƒ–‹‘ƒ†‹‘…—Žƒ–‹‘áˆ”‘ƒ’‘•‹–‹˜‡’‘‹–‘ˆ ˜‹‡™áŽ‡ƒ‹‰‘‹–••‡”‡†‹’‹…ƒ†„‹‘…‡–”‹……‘†‹–‹‘óŽŽ‡”átrsxãttx ä ›•–‡•Ž‡˜‡Ž ”‘–Š‡…‘„‹ƒ–‹‘ƒ†ƒ†ƒ’–ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ—Ž–‹Ž‡˜‡Ž‘†‡Ž•ƒ†–Š‡…‘…‡’–‘ˆ ‘”‰ƒ‹… ƒƒŽ›•‹• ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•á –Š‡  ‹• ’”‘’‘•‡† ˆ‘” –Š‡ •–—†› ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹–‡”‡†‹ƒ–‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡•á ™Š‘•‡ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ‹ˆŽ—‡…‹‰ ˆƒ…–‘”• ƒ”‡ ˆ—†ƒ‡–ƒŽ ‹†‹…ƒ–‘”• ‹ –Š‡ …”‘••æ…—Ž–—”ƒŽ •–—†‹‡• „‡…ƒ—•‡ –Š‡› †‡ˆ‹‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•5’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ’‡”…‡’–‹‘•ƒ†’‡”ˆ‘”ƒ…‡•ä –••–”—…–—”‡…Šƒ‰‡• –Š‡ …‘…‡’– ‘ˆ •—’‡”‹’‘•‡† Ž‡˜‡Ž• •Š‘™ „› ‘–Š‡” ’”‡˜‹‘—• ‘†‡Ž• ™Š‡”‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ƒ”‡‹–Š‡‹††Ž‡ä  –Š‡ á –Š”‘—‰Š –Š‡ …‘ˆ‹‰—”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ”‡ƒŽ‹–› ƒ• ƒ –”‡‡á –Š‡ ”‘‘–• ƒ”‡ –Š‡ •–”—…–—”‹‰ •›•–‡• ƒ† –Š‡ „ƒ•‡ ‘ˆ ƒ …‘—–”› ‘” ”‡‰‹‘ä Š‡ ›•–‡• Ž‡˜‡Ž …‘’”‹•‡•–Š‡’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ•›•–‡‡š‡…—–‹˜‡áŽ‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹˜‡ƒ†Œ—†‹…‹ƒŽâ–Š‡‡…‘‘‹… •›•–‡  ƒ”‡– •–”—…–—”‡á ‡…‘‘‹… ’‘Ž‹–‹…•á ‡–…äâ ‡†—…ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ •›•–‡  ƒ…ƒ†‡›á’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘á–”ƒ‹‹‰á‡–…äâ…—Ž–—”ƒŽ Š‹•–‘”‹…ƒŽ •‘…‹ƒŽ•›•–‡•  •‘…‹ƒŽ‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ–‹‘•á…—Ž–—”ƒŽ‹•–‹–—–‹‘áŠ‹•–‘”‹…ƒŽ‡‘”›Žƒ™•á‡–…ä⏇†‹ƒ •›•–‡‘™‡”•Š‹’á–›’‡ƒ†”ƒ‰‡‘ˆ‡†‹ƒâƒ†–‡…Š‘Ž‘‰›†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–á Žƒ™•áƒ……‡••áŽ‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹‘á‹ˆ”ƒ•–”—…–—”‡á‡–…ä òŠ‡ •›•–‡‹… Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘ˆ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡ …‘„‹‡• –Š‡ ”‡Ž‡˜ƒ– •‘…‹ƒŽá …—Ž–—”ƒŽá ƒ† ‹†‡‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ…‘–‡š–•™‹–Š‹™Š‹…ŠŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•™‘”á‹…Ž—†‹‰–Š‡’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽƒ† Ž‡‰ƒŽ …‘†‹–‹‘• ‘ˆ ‡™•æƒ‹‰ ƒ• ™‡ŽŽ ƒ• –Š‡ ƒ–—”‡ ‘ˆ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ •‡Žˆæ ‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ–‹‘ƒ†ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ…‘˜‡–‹‘•™‹–Š‹–Š‡’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘óƒ‹–œ•…Šƒ† ‡ŽŽƒ†‘átrssãvrx 䃎Ž‹ƒ†ƒ…‹‹trrv ’Žƒ…‡‹–Š‡‹”…‘–‡š–—ƒŽŽ‡˜‡Ž –Š‡†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒƒ”‡–á–Š‡”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’ƒ†–Š‡’”‘š‹‹–›–‘ ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ’‘™‡”á –Š‡ Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘ˆ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘ æ ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ƒ—–‘‘› ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•á –Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ •–ƒ†ƒ”†• ƒ† –Š‡ ˜ƒŽ—‡ ‰‹˜‡ –‘ –Š‡ ’—„Ž‹… ‹–‡”‡•–á ƒ† –Š‡ –ƒ–‡5• ”‘Ž‡ …‘…‡”‹‰ –Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ˆ”‡‡†‘ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ä‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽƒ†ˆ‹ƒ…‹ƒŽƒ…–‹‘• ƒ†–Š‡ ƒ—†‹‡…‡’”‡••—”‡•†‡ˆ‹‡ –Š‡ ‡…‘‘‹… ˆ‘”…‡•ä ‘‹‡† ™‹–Š –Š‡ ’”‡••—”‡ ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ‰‘˜‡”‡– ‹ …‘—–”‹‡•™‹–Š‘”‡”‡•–”‹…–‹˜‡’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ•›•–‡•áò–Š‡‹…”‡ƒ•‹‰Ž›’”‡…ƒ”‹‘—• ‡…‘‘‹… ‡˜‹”‘‡– ˆ‘” ƒ› ‡™• ‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ–‹‘• Šƒ• ƒ”‰—ƒ„Ž› Ž‡† –‘ ‰”‘™‹‰‹ˆŽ—‡…‡ˆ”‘ƒ†˜‡”–‹•‹‰ƒ†‡ˆˆ‘”–•óƒ—•…Š‡–ƒŽäátrswãv ä Š‹Ž‡’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽƒ†‡…‘‘‹…†‡–‡”‹ƒ–•ƒ”‡‘ˆ—“—‡•–‹‘ƒ„Ž‡‹’‘”–ƒ…‡ ‹—†‡”•–ƒ†‹‰Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ƒ†‡™•…—Ž–—”‡áƒ††‹–‹‘ƒŽ˜ƒ”‹ƒ„Ž‡•”‡Žƒ–‹‰–‘



ƒƒ–‹‘ï•‘”…‘—‹–›ï•…—Ž–—”ƒŽ‡˜‹”‘‡–ƒ”‡…”—…‹ƒŽ–‘…‘•‹†‡”„‡…ƒ—•‡ …—Ž–—”ƒŽ†‹ˆˆ‡”‡…‡•…ƒƒ……‘—–ˆ‘”˜ƒ”‹ƒ–‹‘‹Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ï’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ˜‹‡™• ƒ—•…Šátrsu ä‘”‡‹ˆ‹–ˆ‹–•„‡…ƒ—•‡‹†‡‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽˆ‘”…‡•…‘…‡”‹†‡ƒ•ƒ† ‡ƒ‹‰‹–Š‡•‡”˜‹…‡‘ˆ‹–‡”‡•–•ƒ†’‘™‡”ä ƒ††‹–‹‘á‹–Š‡•‘…‹ƒŽ•›•–‡á •—…Š ƒ• –Š‡ •›•–‡ ‘ˆ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘• —Šƒá s{z{ á –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ˆ‹† –Š‡•‡Ž˜‡• ™‹–Š‹ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’•á ƒ† ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹• –ƒ‡• ƒ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡–ˆ‘”†‡’‡†‹‰‘–Š‡ƒ–—”‡‘ˆ–Š‘•‡”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’•‡‡•‡átrry ä Š‡ †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– ‘ˆ –‡…Š‘Ž‘‰› ‹ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•á ƒ† •‘…‹‡–› ƒ– Žƒ”‰‡á Šƒ• ƒ ‰”‘™‹‰•‹‰‹ˆ‹…ƒ…‡™‹–Š‹–Š‡‡†‹ƒ‹†—•–”›ƒ†ˆ‘”Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•‹’”ƒ…–‹…‡ ƒ†ƒ•ƒ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘‡™‹•átrsw ä –•‹’Ž‡‡–ƒ–‹‘‹ƒŽŽ…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ’”‘…‡••‡• Šƒ• …‘‡ –‘ …Šƒ‰‡ –Š‡ ƒ–—”‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ä  –Š‹• ”‡‰ƒ”†á ‘––Ž‡trryátrrz ƒˆˆ‹”•–Šƒ– ’”‘…‡••‡•‘ˆ…‘”’‘”ƒ–‡…‘‰Ž‘‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒ†…‘˜‡”‰‡…‡ƒ•™‡ŽŽƒ•–Š‡ƒ””‹˜ƒŽ‘ˆ ‡™†‹‰‹–ƒŽ–‡…Š‘Ž‘‰‹‡•‘ˆ…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ƒ”‡ ˆƒ…‹Ž‹–ƒ–‹‰ƒ‰Ž‘„ƒŽ‡–™‘”‘ˆ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ˆŽ‘™•ä  –Š‹• ‹–‡”’‡‡–”ƒ–‹‰ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘• ‡˜‹”‘‡– ‡™•’”‘†—…–‹‘‘Ž‘‰‡”–ƒ‡•’Žƒ…‡™‹–Š‹ƒ›‘‡‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ–‹‘ƒŽ…‡–‡”‘ˆ ’”‘†—…–‹‘„—–Šƒ•„‡…‘‡‹…”‡ƒ•‹‰Ž›†‹•’‡”•‡†ƒ…”‘••—Ž–‹’Ž‡•‹–‡•á†‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ’Žƒ–ˆ‘”•ƒ†…ƒ„‡…‘–”‹„—–‡†–‘„›Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•„ƒ•‡†‹†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–Ž‘…ƒ–‹‘• ƒ”‘—†–Š‡™‘”Ž†‘”‘–Š‡‘˜‡ä

Š‡ ‡†—…ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ •›•–‡ ‹• ƒ ˆ—†ƒ‡–ƒŽ ’ƒ”– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘ ’”‘…‡•• ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ‹ —‡”‘—• ‹–‡”‡†‹ƒ–‡ …‘—–”‹‡•ä Š‡ ‡†—…ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ –”ƒ‹‹‰‘ˆˆ—–—”‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•‹ˆŽ—‡…‡•–Š‡‹”’‡”…‡’–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒ† òŽ‡ƒ†•–Š‡–‘”‡ƒŽ‹œ‡–Š‡‹”’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ’”ƒ…–‹…‡•‹…‡”–ƒ‹™ƒ›•ó ”‘Å ŠŽ‹…Š ƒ† ‘Ž–œæƒ…Šƒá trruã us{ ä —”–Š‡”‘”‡á †‹”‡…–Ž› ”‡Žƒ–‡† –‘ Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•á–Š‡”‡ƒ”‡ƒ›…Šƒ‰‡•‹–Š‡†‡ ”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒ•›•–‡•á …ƒ—•‹‰ƒ”‡•–”—…–—”‹‰‘ˆ–Š‡‹†‡ƒ‘ˆ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ƒ†–Š‡ …‘•‹†‡”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹•‹Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ŽŽ‡”ƒ†Šƒ˜‡”‘átrsx ä •–‹–—–‹‘Ž‡˜‡Ž –Š‡á–Š‡–”—‘ˆ–Š‡–”‡‡•›„‘Ž‹•‡•–Š‡‹•–‹–—–‹‘•ƒ†‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘•á ƒƒŽ›•‹‰–Š‡ò‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ•–”—…–—”‡ƒ†–Š‡ƒ”‡ƒ•‘ˆ…‘’‡–‡…‡ó••‡”á s{{zãty ‘ˆ–Š‡‡™•”‘‘•„‡…ƒ—•‡áƒ•Šƒ•„‡‡•–ƒ–‡†„›Ž–‡’’‡trrzã wtæ wu ƒ†Š‘‡ƒ‡”ƒ†‡‡•‡s{{xãsvr áò…‘–‡’‘”ƒ”›Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•‹• …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•‡†„›‹–•Š‹‰Š‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘ƒŽƒ–—”‡ó䊇 •–‹–—–‹‘Ž‡˜‡Ž‹ ‹• …‘’‘•‡† ‘ˆ ‡†‹ƒ ‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘á ‡†‹ƒ •–”—…–—”‡á ”‘—–‹‡•á ’”‘…‡••‡•á ‡†‹–‘”‹ƒŽŽ‹‡á”—Ž‡•ƒ†’”‘ˆ‹Ž‡‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ƒ•ƒ‰”‘—’ƒ†–Š‡–›’‡á‘™‡”•Š‹’



ƒ†…‘˜‡”ƒ‰‡‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒäŽŽ‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ”‡Š‡Ž†—’„›’”‹…‹’ƒŽ•›•–‡••‹‹Žƒ” –‘–Š‡•–”—…–—”‡’”‘’‘•‡†„›••‡”s{{z ƒ†ƒ””‡–ƒŽätrrs ä òŠ‡‡†‹–‘”‹ƒŽ‡˜‹”‘‡–‹•ƒ•–”‘‰…‘†‹–‹‘‡”‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ó‡‹…Šƒ† ƒ‹–œ•…Šá trsuã suy  „‡…ƒ—•‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ’‡”…‡‹˜‡ –Š‡ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡• ‘ –Š‡‹” ‡™•”‘‘•ƒ•…”—…‹ƒŽ–‘’‡”ˆ‘”–Š‡‹”Œ‘„ƒ‹–œ•…Šƒ†‡ŽŽƒ†‘átrss 䊇 ‡†‹ƒ ‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ–‹‘• ƒ† ”‘—–‹‡• ƒ”‡ ƒ †‹”‡…– ”‡•—Ž– ‘ˆ Š‘™ ‡†‹ƒ ™‘” ‹• ‘”‰ƒ‹œ‡†ä Š‡ ‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ”‘—–‹‡• ‹…Ž—†‡ –Š‡ ‘•– ‹‡†‹ƒ–‡ …‘•–”ƒ‹‹‰ƒ†‡ƒ„Ž‹‰•–”—…–—”‡•áŽƒ”‰‡”’ƒ––‡”•á‘””‘—–‹‡•™‹–Š‹™Š‹…Š –Š‡‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ‘’‡”ƒ–‡•äŠ‡‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ–‹‘Ž‡˜‡Ž‹•†‹•–‹‰—‹•Š‡†ˆ”‘”‘—–‹‡• ‹ †‡•…”‹„‹‰ –Š‡ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡• ‘ˆ –Š‡ Žƒ”‰‡” ‘”‰ƒ‹œ‡† ‡–‹–› ™‹–Š‹ ™Š‹…Š –Š‡ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ ‘’‡”ƒ–‡•á –Š‡ Žƒ”‰‡” …‘–‡š– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”‘—–‹‹œ‡† ƒ…–‹˜‹–‹‡•á ™Š‹…Š ‹…Ž—†‡• ‘……—’ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ”‘Ž‡•á ‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ’‘Ž‹…›á ƒ† Š‘™ –Š‡ ‡–‡”’”‹•‡ ‹–•‡Žˆ‹••–”—…–—”‡†Š‘‡ƒ‡”ƒ†‡‡•‡átrsv ä Š‡ ‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ–‹‘ƒŽ …—Ž–—”‡ ‹• ‹–‡‰”ƒ–‡† ‹ –Š‡ ‡™•”‘‘ …—Ž–—”‡ ‘ˆ•–‡†‡á s{zr⃎Žás{yx ä……‘”†‹‰–‘…Š‹–œtrrz á ‹—†‡”•–ƒ†‹‰–Š‡‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ–‹‘ƒ†–Š‡•–”—…–—”‡‘ˆŠ‘™Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•™‘”á‹– ‹•‡…‡••ƒ”›–‘—†‡”•–ƒ†–Š‡…—Ž–—”‡‘ˆ–Šƒ–™‘”’Žƒ…‡ä‡‡‡†–‘‘™™Šƒ– ”‡•‘—”…‡•á ƒ”–‡ˆƒ…–•á ƒ––‹–—†‡•á „‡Ž‹‡ˆ• ƒ† ƒ••—’–‹‘• ƒ”‡ ‡„‡††‡† ‹ –Š‡ ‡™•”‘‘ ‹–•‡Žˆ –Šƒ–†‡ˆ‹‡ ‹–ƒ• ™‡ŽŽ ƒ•–Š‡ ’‡‘’Ž‡ ™Š‘ ™‘” ‹ ‹–ä Š‡•‡ƒ”‡ …‘’‘‡–•‘ˆƒ…—Ž–—”‡ƒ††‡‘•–”ƒ–‡Š‘™ƒ‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ–‹‘‘’‡”ƒ–‡•áŠ‘™–Š‡ ’‡‘’Ž‡™‹–Š‹‹–…‘—‹…ƒ–‡™‹–Š‡ƒ…Š‘–Š‡”ა†Š‘™–Š‡›…‘’Ž‡–‡–ƒ••ä

Š‡–‡…Š‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ‹‘˜ƒ–‹‘‰‹˜‡••Šƒ’‡–‘–Š‡‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‡˜‹”‘‡–•á „‡‹‰”‡•’‘•‹„Ž‡ˆ‘”˜ƒ”‹‘—•…Šƒ‰‡•‘…œ‘™•‹átrrv äò‰”‘™‹‰„‘†›‘ˆ ”‡•‡ƒ”…ŠŠƒ•…‘…‡–”ƒ–‡†‘–Š‡‡™•”‘‘ƒ†…Šƒ‰‡•‹‡™•’”‘†—…–‹‘ ƒ• ƒ ‹–‡”ƒ…–‹‘ „‡–™‡‡ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ ’”‹‘”‹–‹‡• ‹ ‡™• ‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ–‹‘• ƒ† Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… ’”ƒ…–‹…‡•á ™Š‹…Š ‹ ƒ› …ƒ•‡• …ƒ „‡ •‡‡ ƒ• „‡‹‰ ‹ –‡•‹‘ó ƒ‡Ž‹‰ƒ†”‘‡”•ƒátrsuãts ä Š‡–›’‡á‘™‡”•Š‹’ƒ†…‘˜‡”ƒ‰‡‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒ™Š‡”‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•™‘”†‡ˆ‹‡ –Š‡‘†‡Ž‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ƒ†Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•™‹–Š‹–Š‡‹”‡™•”‘‘ä …‘—–”‹‡• ™‹–Š ‹–‡”‡†‹ƒ–‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡•á –Š‡ ’”‹…‹’ƒŽ •›•–‡ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡• †”ƒƒ–‹…ƒŽŽ›–Š‡–›’‡•‘ˆ‡†‹ƒá…‘˜‡–‹‘ƒŽ‘”‘Ž‹‡â–Š‡‘™‡”•Š‹’‘ˆ‡†‹ƒá –Š‡’—„Ž‹…‡†‹ƒáƒ••‘…‹ƒ–‡†™‹–Š–Š‡‹†‡ƒ‘ˆ…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ƒ•ƒ’—„Ž‹…•‡”˜‹…‡ ƒ† –Š‡ …‘–”‘Ž ‘ˆ ‰‘˜‡”‡–•á ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ ‡†‹ƒá ™Š‹…Š ‹…‡–‹˜‹œ‡• –Š‡ ‹’‘”–ƒ…‡‘ˆƒ”‡–”‡•‡ƒ”…Šƒ†–ƒ”‰‡–ƒ—†‹‡…‡ŽŽ‡”ƒ†Šƒ˜‡”‘átrsx  ƒ†…‘—‹–›‡†‹ƒá†‡ˆ‹‡†„›ƒ•‘…‹‘æ…—Ž–—”ƒŽŽ‘‰‹…ƒ†–Š‡’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ …‹–‹œ‡â ƒ† –Š‡ …‘˜‡”ƒ‰‡ ‘ˆ ‡†‹ƒá –Šƒ– †‡’‡†‹‰ ‘ Ž‘…ƒŽá ”‡‰‹‘ƒŽá



ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ƒ† ‹–‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ …‘˜‡”ƒ‰‡á Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• Šƒ˜‡ ƒ †‡–‡”‹‡† ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’ ™‹–Š –Š‡‹” •‘—”…‡• ƒ† ƒ—†‹‡…‡ ƒ† Šƒ˜‡ ˜ƒ”›‹‰ …ƒ’ƒ…‹–‹‡• ‘ˆ †‡…‹•‹‘æƒ‹‰™‹–Š‹–Š‡‡†‹–‘”‹ƒŽŠ‹‡”ƒ”…Š›ä …–‘”Ž‡˜‡Ž ƒ•–Ž›á‹–Š‡á„”ƒ…Š‡•ƒ†Ž‡ƒ˜‡•‘ˆ–Š‡–”‡‡‹‘—”‘†‡Ž”‡’”‡•‡––Š‡ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•†—‡–‘–Š‡‹”‹””‡‰—Žƒ”’‘•‹–‹‘á†‹˜‡”•‹–›ƒ†—„‡”ƒ• –Š‡’‡”…‡’–‹‘ƒ†‹†‡ƒ•‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•™‹–Š‹ƒ…‘—–”›ƒ”‡‘–Š‘‘‰‡‡‘—•ä ‘”–Š‡•‡”‡ƒ•‘•á™‹–Š‹–Š‹•Ž‡˜‡Ž–Š‡‹–‡”‡•–•ƒ†™‘”‹‰‡–Š‘†•‹–Š‡ ‡™•”‘‘ƒ–ƒ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽŽ‡˜‡Žƒ”‡…ƒ”‡ˆ—ŽŽ›†‡–ƒ‹Ž‡†á„‡‹‰†‡–‡”‹‡†„›–Š‡ –”ƒ‹‹‰á ™‘” ‡š’‡”‹‡…‡á ƒ‰‡ ƒ† ‰‡†‡” ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•  ‘Š•–‘‡ ‡– ƒŽäá s{yx ƒ‘‰‘–Š‡”•ä ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ ‡‹…Š ƒ† ƒ‹–œ•…Š trsu á –Š‡ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡• …‘‡ ˆ”‘ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ”‡ˆ‡”‡…‡‰”‘—’• …‘ŽŽ‡ƒ‰—‡•ˆ”‘‘–Š‡”‡†‹ƒáƒ—†‹‡…‡•ƒ† ‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ’”‘…‡••‡•âƒ†’‡”•‘ƒŽˆ”‹‡†•áƒ…“—ƒ‹–ƒ…‡•ƒ†ˆƒ‹Ž›ä– –Š‹•Ž‡˜‡Žá–Š‡”‡ƒ”‡òˆƒ…–‘”•™‹–Š•–”‘‰•‘…‹ƒŽæ†‡‘‰”ƒ’Š‹……Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”ää䘇”› ˜ƒŽ—ƒ„Ž‡™Š‡†‡˜‡Ž‘’‹‰–Š‡‡’‹”‹…ƒŽ•–—†›‘ˆƒ‹˜‡•–‹‰ƒ–‹‘óŽŽ‡”ƒ† ‡‹‡”átrstãsvy ä —”–Š‡”‘”‡áƒ……‘”†‹‰–‘ ƒ”…‡´ •ƒ†””‘›ƒ˜‡‹’”‡•• á –Š‡ò’•›…Š‘•‘…‹ƒŽ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡•‘ˆ”‡ˆ‡”‡…‡ó•—…Šƒ•˜ƒŽ—‡•á’”‹…‹’Ž‡•ƒ†„‡Ž‹‡ˆ• ‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•™‘—Ž†„‡‹…Ž—†‡†™‹–Š‹–Š‡ƒ…–‘”Ž‡˜‡Žá™Š‹…Šƒ”‡’•›…Š‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ ƒ•’‡…–•’”‡˜‹‘—•Ž›”‡…‘‰‹œ‡†„›‘•„ƒ…Štrr{ ᇇ•‡trrs ƒ†‘ƒ‡• s{{y 䘇Š‡”‡á‘–Š‡”’‘‹–•‘ˆ”‡ˆ‡”‡…‡…‘—Ž†„‡ƒ††‡†‹–Š‡…‘–‡š–—ƒŽ ƒƒŽ›•‹• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹–‡”‡†‹ƒ–‡ …‘—–”‹‡•á •—…Š ƒ• •‡…—”‹–› …‘…‡”• ƒ† –Š‡ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡‘ˆ‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ–‹‘•™‘”‹‰ˆ‘”–Š‡’”‘–‡…–‹‘‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•‡ŽŽ›ƒ† ‡ —•–ƒ‡–‡á trsv ä  –Š‡•‡ ‰”‘—†•á –Š‡ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‹‰ ˆƒ…–‘”• ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽŽ‡˜‡Žƒ”‡…”‹–‹…ƒŽ„‡…ƒ—•‡òŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ƒ”‡…‘•–ƒ–Ž›ˆ‘”…‡†–‘ƒ‡ †‡…‹•‹‘•ó‘•„ƒ…Šátrrv⃐‹–œ•…Šátrr{ãswy ä Š‡ …–‘” Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘ˆ  ‹…Ž—†‡• •‘…‹‘†‡‘‰”ƒ’Š‹… ƒ† …—Ž–—”ƒŽ ˆƒ…–‘”•á ‡…‘‘‹… ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ ˆƒ…–‘”•á ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ ˆƒ…–‘”• ƒ† ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ’‡”•‘ƒŽ ”‘Ž‡• Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘ˆ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹•  •—…Š ƒ•ã Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘ˆ ‡†—…ƒ–‹‘â •’‡…‹ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘ ‹ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•â ‰‡†‡”â ƒ‰‡â ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ Ž‡ƒ‹‰•â ‡–Š‹…‹–›â ”‡Ž‹‰‹‘—• ƒˆˆ‹Ž‹ƒ–‹‘â •ƒŽƒ”›â ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ’‘•‹–‹‘á ’‡”ƒ‡– ‘” –‡’‘”ƒ”›á •‡…–‹‘á ”ƒ‰‡á ‡–…ä⠏‡„‡”•Š‹’ ‘ˆ ƒ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ƒ••‘…‹ƒ–‹‘â ›‡ƒ”• ‘ˆ ‡š’‡”‹‡…‡ ƒ†á ˆ‹ƒŽŽ›á Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ï ’‡”…‡’–‹‘• ƒ„‘—– –Š‡‹” ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ”‘Ž‡•á Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… ‡–Š‹…•á –”—•– ‹ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘•á …Šƒ‰‡• ‹ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•á…‘…‡’–‘ˆ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–› •—„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–›á…‘–‡š–—ƒŽ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡•ƒ†Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘ˆƒ—–‘‘›ä



Š‡ƒƒŽ›•‹•‘ˆ–Š‡Ž‡˜‡Ž‘ˆ•‘…‹ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘ƒ†ƒ––‹–—†‡•‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•‡’Šƒ•‹œ‡• –Š‡ ’•›…Š‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ ƒ† •‘…‹ƒŽ ˆƒ…–‘”• ‹’‹‰‹‰ ‘ ƒ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽï• ™‘”ã ’‡”•‘ƒŽ ƒ† ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽä Š‡ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ Ž‡˜‡Žá ƒ……‘”†‹‰ Š‘‡ƒ‡” ƒ† ‡‡•‡ trsx á ‹…Ž—†‡• –Š‡ …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹…• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ …‘—‹…ƒ–‘”á ™Š‡”‡ –Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹• …ƒ „‡ …‘•‹†‡”‡† ‘ ‘‡ Ž‡˜‡Ž ƒ• ƒ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ ˜ƒŽ—‡–Šƒ–‹•‡•’‘—•‡†áƒ–”ƒ‹–‘ˆ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ•–Šƒ–‹†‹…ƒ–‡•–Š‡‡š–‡––‘™Š‹…Š –Š‡›„‡Ž‘‰–‘ƒ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‰”‘—’ᙊ‹…Š…ƒŽŽ•–Š‡–‘…‡”–ƒ‹•Šƒ”‡†‘”• ƒ†‘—–Ž‘‘•ä Š‡‹’‘”–ƒ…‡‘ˆ–Š‡ƒƒŽ›•‹•‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ…–‘”Ž‡˜‡ŽŽ‹‡•‹–Š‡‡‡†–‘‘™–Š‡ ‰”ƒ†‡‘ˆ‹–•‹ˆŽ—‡…‡‘–Š‡ˆ‹ƒŽ†‡…‹•‹‘•‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•‹”‡Žƒ–‹‘–‘–Š‡‘–Š‡” Ž‡˜‡Ž•äŠ‹•‹•ƒ‹Ž›„‡…ƒ—•‡áƒ•ƒ‹–œ•…Šƒ†‡ŽŽƒ†‘trss Š‹‰ŠŽ‹‰Š–ᇃ”Ž› ‰ƒ–‡‡‡’‹‰”‡•‡ƒ”…Š•—‰‰‡•–‡† –Šƒ–‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽˆƒ…–‘”•”‡‹‰ •—’”‡‡‹–Š‡ ’”‘…‡••‘ˆ‡™•’”‘†—…–‹‘‡ä‰ä Ž‡‰‡Žƒ†Šƒˆˆ‡‡s{ys⊋–‡s{wr ᙊ‹Ž‡ ‘”‡ ”‡…‡– ‡˜‹†‡…‡ ’‘‹–• –‘ ƒ ”ƒ–Š‡” ‘†‡•– ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡ ‘ˆ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ ’”‡†‹•’‘•‹–‹‘• ‘–Š‡ˆ‹ƒŽ™‘”‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•– ‡ä‰äƒ––‡”•‘ ƒ†‘•„ƒ…Š s{{x 䊇…‘–‡š–—ƒŽ†‡…‘•–”—…–‹‘”‡ƒŽ‹œ‡†„›‡–ƒ‹Ž•ƒ„‹†‹”‡…–‹‘ƒŽ ƒƒŽ›•‹• „‡–™‡‡ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•á ƒ• ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ•á ƒ† –Š‡ ”‡•– ‘ˆ ƒ…–‘”•á ‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ–‹‘•ƒ†‹•–‹–—–‹‘•‹–Š‡‘–Š‡”…‘–‡š–—ƒŽŽ‡˜‡Ž•‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒ† •›•–‡•ä Š‡ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ ‘”•á ˜ƒŽ—‡•á ‹†‡ƒ•á ’‡”…‡’–‹‘•á „‡Šƒ˜‹‘”• ƒ† ’‡”ˆ‘”ƒ…‡• ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ƒ”‡ ˆ‘”‡† ™‹–Š‹ ƒ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ƒ† •‘…‹ƒŽ •–”—…–—”‡–Šƒ–”‡…‘‰‹œ‡•–Š‡ƒ•…‹–‹œ‡•ƒ†’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ•á‹ˆŽ—‡…‹‰„‘–Š —–—ƒŽŽ›‹†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–†‡‰”‡‡•†‡’‡†‹‰‘˜ƒ”‹ƒ„Ž‡••—…Šƒ•–‹‡ƒ†•’ƒ…‡ä  •‘…‹ƒŽ –Š‡‘”›á •’ƒ…‡ …ƒ‘– „‡ …‘…‡‹˜‡† •‡’ƒ”ƒ–‡Ž› ˆ”‘ •‘…‹ƒŽ ’”ƒ…–‹…‡•ä †–‹‡á‹•‘…‹ƒŽ–‡”•á‹•†‡ˆ‹‡†ƒ•ƒ•‡“—‡…‡‘ˆ’”ƒ…–‹…‡•ƒ•–‡ŽŽ•ás{{y ä Š‡ •’ƒ–‹ƒŽ ƒ† –‡’‘”ƒŽ …‘…‡’–• ƒ”‡ –Š‡ „ƒ•‡ ‘ˆ ‘—” …‘–‡š–—ƒŽ ƒƒŽ›•‹• „‡…ƒ—•‡á ƒ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ ƒ•–‡ŽŽ• s{{y á ‹ ƒŽŽ Š‹•–‘”‹…ƒŽ –”ƒ•ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘•á –Š‡ ‡‡”‰‡…‡ ‘ˆ ƒ ‡™ •‘…‹ƒŽ •–”—…–—”‡ ‹• ”‡Žƒ–‡† –‘ –Š‡ ”‡†‡ˆ‹‹–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒ–‡”‹ƒŽ ˆ‘—†ƒ–‹‘• ‘ˆ ‘—” ‡š‹•–‡…‡á •’ƒ…‡ ƒ† –‹‡ä ‘™‡” ”‡Žƒ–‹‘• ƒ”‡ ‡„‡††‡† ‹ –Š‡ •‘…‹ƒŽ …‘•–”—…–‹‘ ‘ˆ •’ƒ…‡ ƒ† –‹‡ ™Š‹Ž‡ –Š‡› ƒ”‡ …‘†‹–‹‘‡†„›–Š‡•’ƒ–‹‘–‡’‘”ƒŽ…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹…•‘ˆ•‘…‹‡–›ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘•ƒ†á‘ˆ …‘—”•‡á‹’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•ƒ‘‰Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ä





       

Socio-demographic factors (profiles) Economic factors Political factors Cultural factors Personal/professional situation (professionalism)

    Media organization Structure of media Processes and routines of the media Rules and editorial line of the media Profiles of journalists – as a group Type, ownership and coverage of the media

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‹ –Š‡ Žƒ•– †‡…ƒ†‡•á Šƒ˜‡ ƒ†‡ –Š‡‹” ‘™ —Ž–‹Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘†‡Ž• –‘ •–—†› –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……‘–‡š–ã…—ƒ‹Žs{zuátrrr ኃˆˆ‡‡ƒ†‡”‰‡”s{zy á––‡ƒ ƒ†Š‹–‡›s{zy ኑ‡ƒ‡”ƒ†‡‡•‡s{{s á ‡‹•…Š‡„‡”‰s{{tâ s{{w á Š‘‡ƒ‡”ƒ†‡••‡ s{{x á••‡”s{{z ᑐ•„ƒ…Š trrr ኋ–‡›ƒ† …‘ŽŽätrrv á ”‘••„‡”‰ƒ†…‘ŽŽätrrx ᔇ•–‘ƒ†‡–›‘˜ƒ trr{ƒ á ƒæ ‹–œ•…Štrr{átrsr ƒ†ŽŽ‡”ƒ†‡‹‡”trst ä Š‡ ƒ‹ ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‡• ‘ˆ –Š‹• …Šƒ’–‡” ƒ”‡ã s  ‘ ˆ‹† ‘—– ™Šƒ– ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡• ‹æ –‡”˜‹‡™‡† Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ’‡”…‡‹˜‡ ‹ –Š‡‹” ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ ™‹–Š‹ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ ‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘” ƒ† t  ‘ ‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š –Š‡ ‘”‹‰‹ ƒ† –Š‡ ‰”ƒ†‡ ‘ˆ ‹ˆŽ—‡æ …‡ –Šƒ– ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡† Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ’‡”…‡‹˜‡ ™‹–Š‹ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ ‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘”ä

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s{{zãts áò’”‘˜‹†‡•ƒ•›•–‡ƒ–‹……Žƒ••‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘ƒ†‹–‡”’”‡–ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ‡’‹æ ”‹…ƒŽƒ–‡”‹ƒŽóä Š‡ —Ž–‹Ž‡˜‡Ž ’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡ „‘””‘™• ˆ”‘ ‘Ž‡ƒ s{{r  –Š‡ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡…‡ ‹ ˆ‘—” –›’‡• ‘ˆ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’•ã ƒ…”‘ ƒ…”‘á ƒ…”‘ ‹…”‘á ‹…”‘ ‹…”‘ ƒ† ‹…”‘ ƒ…”‘ä ƒ ƒ† …‡‘† s{{s  ƒ†† –™‘ Ž‹•á ò‹–”ƒó ƒ† ò‹–‡”ó « Ž‡˜‡Ž •Š‘™‹‰ ‘–Š‡” ƒƒŽ›–‹…ƒŽ •–”ƒ–‡‰‹‡• ˆ‘” …”‘••æŽ‡˜‡Ž ‡’‹”‹…ƒŽ •–—†‹‡•ä Š‡•‡ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’• ‹…Ž—†‡á ƒ• ‡—œ‡ trrz„ã ssr  •–ƒ–‡•á ò–Š‡ …‘–‹—‘—• ‡‰‘–‹ƒ–‹‘ „‡–™‡‡ –Š‡ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ ƒ† …‘ŽŽ‡…–‹˜‡ Ž‡˜‡Ž• ƒ• ˆ‘”‡”• ‘ˆ „‡æ Šƒ˜‹‘—”•óä ‘š trrt  †‡•…”‹„‡• –Š‡ —Ž–‹Ž‡˜‡Ž ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š ˆ”‘ ˜ƒ”‹ƒ„Ž‡• –Šƒ– ƒ”‡ †‡æ ˆ‹‡† ™‹–Š‹ Š‹‡”ƒ”…Š‹…ƒŽ Ž‡˜‡Ž•ä ƒ…Š Š‹‡”ƒ”…Š‹…ƒŽ Ž‡˜‡Ž ‹• …‘’‘•‡† ‘ˆ ˜ƒ”‹‘—•–›’‡•‘ˆ˜ƒ”‹ƒ„Ž‡•ãs ò‰Ž‘„ƒŽóᔇŽƒ–‡†‡š…Ž—•‹˜‡Ž›–‘–Š‡Ž‡˜‡Ž‹™Š‹…Š –Š‡› ƒ”‡â t  ò”‡Žƒ–‹‘ƒŽóá ƒŽ•‘ ™‹–Š‹ ƒ •‹‰Ž‡ Ž‡˜‡Žá „—– †‡•…”‹„‡ –Š‡ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’ „‡–™‡‡ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– —‹–• ‘ˆ –Š‡ •ƒ‡ Ž‡˜‡Žâ u  òƒƒŽ›–‹…ƒŽó ƒ† ò•–”—…–—”ƒŽóá ‡ƒ•—”‡• ™‹–Š ”‡ˆ‡”‡…‡ –‘ •—„旐‹–• ‘ˆ Ž‘™‡” Ž‡˜‡Ž•ä Š‡ ƒƒŽ›–‹…ƒŽ–›’‡•ƒ”‡„—‹Ž–ˆ”‘˜ƒ”‹ƒ„Ž‡•ƒ–ƒŽ‘™‡”Ž‡˜‡ŽäŠ‡•–”—…–—”ƒŽ–›’‡• ƒ”‡„ƒ•‡†‘–Š‡†‹•–”‹„—–‹‘‘ˆ”‡Žƒ–‹‘ƒŽ˜ƒ”‹ƒ„Ž‡•ƒ–ƒŽ‘™‡”Ž‡˜‡Ž„—‹Ž†‹‰ ƒƒƒŽ›–‹…ƒŽ‘”•–”—…–—”ƒŽ˜ƒ”‹ƒ„Ž‡ˆ”‘†ƒ–ƒ‘ˆ–Š‡Ž‘™‡” —‹–•‹˜‘Ž˜‡• òƒ‰‰”‡‰ƒ–‹‘óâ ƒ† v  ò…‘–‡š–—ƒŽóá ”‡ˆ‡””‹‰ –‘ –Š‡ •—’‡”旐‹–•ä ŽŽ ˜ƒ”‹ƒ„Ž‡• ˆ”‘ Ž‘™‡” Ž‡˜‡Ž• ƒ”‡ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡† „› –Š‡ —‹–• ‘ˆ –Š‡ Š‹‰Š‡” Ž‡˜‡Ž•äŠ‹•‡ˆˆ‡…–‹•–Š‡ò†‹•ƒ‰‰”‡‰ƒ–‹‘óᙊ‡”‡–Š‡†ƒ–ƒ‘ˆ–Š‡—’’‡”—‹–• ‹•„”‘‡†‘™‹–‘ƒ—„‡”‘ˆŽ‘™‡”Ž‡˜‡Ž —‹–•ä ƒƒ†…‡‘†s{{s ”‡ˆ‡”–‘–Š‡…‘…‡’–‘ˆ ò…‘–‹—‹–›ó …‘–‹—— ‘ˆ Ž‡˜‡Ž• ‘ˆ ƒƒŽ›•‹• ƒ• ƒ ’ƒ”–‹ƒŽ •‘Ž—–‹‘ –‘ –Š‡ ’ƒ”–‹…—Žƒ” ’”‘„Ž‡• –Šƒ– ƒ•• ‡†‹ƒ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡”•ˆƒ…‡™Š‡•–—†›‹‰•’‡…‹ˆ‹…—‹–ƒƒŽ›•‹• «‡ä‰ä–Š‡‘†‡Ž ò…‡ŽŽá ƒ–‘á ‘Ž‡…—Ž‡ó ‘ˆ Š‹‡”ƒ”…Š‹‡• ‘ˆ ƒ–—”‡ ƒ‹•Ž‡›á s{zv â –Š‡ ˆ‘—” †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ˆ‘”• ‘ˆ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ Šƒˆˆ‡‡ ƒ† ‡”‰‡”á s{zy  ‘” –Š‡ –Š”‡‡ ƒ‹ –›’‡• ‘ˆ •‘…‹ƒŽ ƒ† „‡Šƒ˜‹‘—”ƒŽ –Š‡‘”‹‡•ã –Š‡‘”‹‡• ‘ˆ •‘…‹ƒŽ •›•æ–‡•á ‹…”‘æ•‘…‹ƒŽ –Š‡‘”‹‡• ƒ† …‘‰‹–‹˜‡ ’Š›•‹‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ –Š‡‘”‹‡• …‡‘†ƒ† Ž—Ž‡”á s{zy ä ”‘ ™Šƒ– Šƒ• „‡‡ ’”‡•‡–‡† ‹ –Š‹• …Šƒ’–‡”á ‹– ‹• †‡†—…‡† –Šƒ– –Š‡ †‹•‹æ –‡‰”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡…‘–‡š–ƒ–—Ž–‹’Ž‡Ž‡˜‡Ž•‘ˆƒƒŽ›•‹•‹•‡••‡–‹ƒŽò†—‡–‘–Š‡ ˆƒ…– –Šƒ– ƒ Žƒ”‰‡ ’ƒ”– ‘ˆ ™Šƒ– ™‡ •–—†› ‹ ƒ–—”‡ ‹• —Ž–‹Ž‡˜‡Žá •‘ ™‡ —•– —•‡ –Š‡ –Š‡‘”‹‡• ƒ† –‡…Š‹“—‡• ‘ˆ ƒƒŽ›•‹• –Šƒ– ƒ”‡ ƒŽ•‘ —Ž–‹Ž‡˜‡Žä ˆ ™‡ †‘‘–†‘–Š‹•á™‡…ƒŠƒ˜‡•‡”‹‘—• ’”‘„Ž‡•ó—‡átrrvãv ä



 7KH PDLQ PXOWLOHYHO PRGHOV IRU DQDO\]LQJ WKH FRQWH[W LQ MRXUQDOLVP  Žƒ”‰‡ —„‡” ‘ˆ ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡• ‹ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ƒ”‡ „ƒ•‡† ‘ —Ž–‹Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘†‡Ž• ‘ˆ …‘–‡š–—ƒŽ ƒƒŽ›•‹•á –Š‡ ƒƒŽ›•‹• ‘ˆ Š‹‡”ƒ”…Š‹‡• ƒ† –Š‡ Ž‡˜‡Ž• ‘ˆ ‹ˆŽ—‡æ …‡ –ƒ„Ž‡ sä  –Š‡ Žƒ•– –™‘ †‡…ƒ†‡• ‘ˆ –Š‡ Žƒ•– …‡–—”› ’”‘’‘•ƒŽ• •—…Š ƒ• –Šƒ–‘ˆ…—ƒ‹Žs{zu •–ƒ†‘—–â–Š‹•ƒ—–Š‘”†‡˜‡Ž‘’•ˆ‹˜‡Ž‡˜‡Ž•‘ˆ ƒƒŽ›•‹• « –Š‡Ž‡˜‡Ž‘ˆ‹–‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘•á–Š‡•‘…‹ƒŽŽ‡˜‡Žá–Š‡‹•–‹–—–‹‘Ž‡˜‡Žá –Š‡ ‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ Ž‡˜‡Ž ƒ† –Š‡ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ Ž‡˜‡Ž « ‹ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘ –‘ –Š‡Ž‡˜‡Ž• ‘ˆ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡ ˆ”‘ –Š‡ •‘…‹‡–›á –Š‡ ƒ•• ‡†‹ƒá ƒ† –Š‡ ƒ—†‹‡…‡• ‘”—•‡”• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒä Šƒˆˆ‡‡ ƒ† ‡”‰‡” s{zy  ‹ –Š‡‹” ‘†‡Ž ‘ˆ òŽ‡˜‡Ž• ‘ˆ ƒƒŽ›•‹•óá ”ƒ‹•‡ –Š”‡‡ Ž‡˜‡Ž•ã ƒ ˆ‹”•– „ƒ•‹… Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘ˆ ƒƒŽ›•‹• ‹ ™Š‹…Š –Š‡ ™‘”æ ‡” ‹• ƒ– ƒ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽŽ› Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘” ‹ •ƒŽŽ ‰”‘—’•â ƒ •‡…‘† ƒ† Š‹‰Š‡”Ž‡˜‡Žá ™Š‹…Š‹…Ž—†‡•–Š‡‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘ƒ†ˆ‹ƒŽŽ›ƒŽƒ”‰‡”‰”‘—’‹™Š‹…Š–Š‡Ž‡‰ƒŽ ƒ† ‡…‘‘‹… …‘†‹–‹‘• ƒ† ‘–Š‡” ‹•–‹–—–‹‘• ”‡Žƒ–‡† –‘ –Š‡ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ •›•–‡ƒ”‡”‡ˆŽ‡…–‡†äŠ‘‡ƒ‡”ƒ†‡‡•‡s{{s ዐ–Š‡‹”—Ž–‹Ž‡˜‡Ž‘†‡Žá ƒ”–‹…—Žƒ–‡ –Š‡ ˆƒ…–‘”• ‘ˆ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡ ‘ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ …‘–‡– ‹–‘ ˆ‹˜‡ Žƒ›‡”• ‘” Ž‡˜‡Ž• ƒ…”‘•• ƒ …‘–‹—— –Šƒ– ‰‘‡• ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ‹…”‘ –‘ –Š‡ ƒ…”‘ä …—ƒ‹Žƒ†‹†ƒŠŽs{{uãsxræsxs ‹–Š‡‹”‘†‡Ž”‡ˆ‡”–‘–Š‡ˆƒ…–‘”• –Šƒ– ‹–Š‡‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒƒ”‡”‡Žƒ–‡†–‘–Š‡•‘—”…‡•‘ˆ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡‘ˆ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… ™‘”ã –Š‡ ƒ—†‹‡…‡á –Š‡ ‘™‡”•á –Š‡ •‘…‹ƒŽ ƒ† ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘•á –Š‡ ƒ†˜‡”–‹•‡”•á –Š‡ …‘–‡– ’”‘˜‹†‡”• ƒ† –Š‡ ƒ‰‡…‹‡•ä ‡‹•æ …Š‡„‡”‰s{{tãxyæxz ‹Š‹•òŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹…’ƒ”ƒ†‹‰ó•‡–•Š‹•‡›…ƒ–‡‰‘”›‹ –Š‡ ‹†‡ƒ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ƒ• ƒ •›•–‡ ‘ˆ •‘…‹ƒŽ ƒ…–‹‘ä  Š‹• ‘†‡Ž ò‘‹‘ •‹ó œ™‹‡„‡Ž•…ŠƒŽ‡  Š‡ ”‡’”‡•‡–• Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ƒ• ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ ƒ…–‘”• ‹ –Š‡ …‡–”‡‘ˆƒ…‹”…—Žƒ”ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ä ‹”•–Ž›á–Š‡‘—–‡”Žƒ›‡”‹•ˆ‘”‡†„›–Š‡”—Ž‡• ‰‘˜‡”‹‰ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒâ •‡…‘†Ž›á –Š‡”‡ ‹• –Š‡ •–”—…–—”ƒŽ …‘–‡š– ƒ† ‹•–‹–—–‹‘• –Šƒ– ‹–‡”ƒ…– ™‹–Š –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ƒ† –Š‡ ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽá ‡…‘‘‹… ƒ† •‘…‹ƒŽ ’‘™‡”•â –Š‹”†Ž›á –Š‡ ˆ—…–‹‘ƒŽ …‘–‡š– •Š‘™‹‰ –Š‡ ‡ˆˆ‡…–• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ•›•–‡‘–Š‡‘–Š‡”•›•–‡•âƒ†áˆ‹ƒŽŽ›á‹–Š‡…‡–”‡‘ˆ–Š‹•‘†‡Žá Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ƒ”‡–Š‡ƒ‹ƒ…–‘”•‘ˆ–Š‡…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘’”‘…‡••ä‡—•s{{z  ƒ††‡†–‘–Š‡‡‹•…Š‡„‡”‰’”‘’‘•ƒŽ–Š‡—–—ƒŽ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡„‡–™‡‡Œ‘—”ƒæ Ž‹•–•ƒ†‡†‹ƒ•›•–‡•ä ••‡”s{{z ’”‡•‡–•Š‹•ò‘†‡Ž‘ˆ—Ž–‹Ž‡˜‡Žó‡Š”‡„‡‡‘†‡ŽŽ –‘—•‡‹– ‹ …‘’ƒ”ƒ–‹˜‡ ‹–‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ •–—†‹‡•á •–”—…–—”‹‰ ‹– ‘ ˆ‘—” Ž‡˜‡Ž•ã s  ƒ ‡š–‡”ƒŽ Ž‡˜‡Ž ˆ‘”‡† „› –Š‡ •‘…‹ƒŽ •’Š‡”‡ ƒ† –Š‡ Š‹•–‘”‹…ƒŽ ƒ† …—Ž–—”ƒŽ …‘†‹–‹‘• ‘ˆ •‘…‹‡–›â t  ƒ ‹–‡”‡†‹ƒ–‡ Ž‡˜‡Ž ”‡’”‡•‡–‡† „› –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ



•–”—…–—”‡ ƒ† ‹–• ”—Ž‡•â u  ƒ –Š‹”† Ž‡˜‡Ž ™Š‡”‡ –Š‡ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ •’Š‡”‡ ƒ† –Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‹Ž‡á –Š‡ •–”—…–—”‡ ƒ† –Š‡ ‹ƒ‰‡ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ƒ† ‡†‹ƒ ƒ”‡ Ž‘…ƒæ –‡†â ƒ† v  ƒ ‹–‡”ƒŽ Ž‡˜‡Ž ˆ‘”‡† „› –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•á –Š‡‹” ˜ƒŽ—‡•á ‹†‡ƒ• ƒ†’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ”‘Ž‡•ä Š‡ Žƒ•– †‡…ƒ†‡á ‹ –Š‡ ts•– …‡–—”›á Šƒ• „‡‡ …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•‡† „› –Š‡ …‘–‹æ —‹–› ‹ –Š‡ ‹’Ž‡‡–ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ —Ž–‹Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘†‡Ž• ‹ –Š‡ …‘–‡š–—ƒŽ •–—†‹‡•á „—– ‹…”‡ƒ•‹‰Ž› ƒ’’Ž‹‡† –‘ ‹–‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ …‘’ƒ”ƒ–‹˜‡ ƒƒŽ›•‹•ä ‘•„ƒ…Š trrrá trrz  ‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡• ˆ‘—” Ž‡˜‡Ž• ‘ˆ ƒƒŽ›•‹• « –Š‡ Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘ˆ •—„Œ‡…– ‘” ‹æ †‹˜‹†—ƒŽá –Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ ‘‡á –Š‡ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘á ƒ† –Š‡ •‘…‹ƒŽ •’Š‡”‡ä Š‹–‡›á —’–‡” ƒ† …—ƒ‹Ž trrv  ƒ† ––‡ƒ ƒ† Š‹–‡› trry  „ƒ•‡ –Š‡‹” ‘†‡Ž• ‘ ƒ •–”—…–—”‡ ‘ˆ –Š”‡‡ Ž‡˜‡Ž• « ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽá ‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ ƒ† ‘”‰ƒ‹æ •ƒ–‹‘ƒŽä ”‘••„‡”‰áƒ”–‡ŽŽƒáŠ‹–‡›ƒ†‹•‡trrx ’”‘’‘•‡ƒ ƒƒŽ›•‹• „ƒ•‡† ‘ Ž‡˜‡Ž• –Š”‘—‰Š –Š‡ ‡–ƒ’Š‘” ‘ˆ –Š‡ òŽƒ††‡” ‘ˆ ƒ„•–”ƒ…–‹‘óá ™Š‡”‡ ’”‘†—…–• ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ’”‡•‡– ƒ …”‡ƒ–‹‘ ƒ– ƒ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ƒ† ‡†‹ƒ ‹†—•–”‹‡•á ƒ† –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ –‘‰‡–Š‡” …‘•–‹–—–‡ ƒ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘á ƒ† –Šƒ–á —Ž–‹ƒ–‡Ž›á –Š‡•‡ ƒ”‡ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡† „› –Š‡ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ •›•–‡• ƒ† –Š‡ …—Ž–—”‡ ‘ˆ ™Š‡”‡ –Š‡› ƒ”‡ä ”‡•–‘ ƒ† ‡æ –›‘˜ƒ trr{„  ’”‡•‡–ƒ‘†‡Ž„ƒ•‡† ‘ˆ‹˜‡ƒ”‡ƒ• ‘ˆ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡«–Š‡Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘ˆ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ ˆƒ…–‘”•á –Š‡ ‘‡ –Šƒ– ‹˜‘Ž˜‡• –Š‡ ‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ‡Ž‡‡–•á –Š‡ ‘‡ ”‡ˆ‡””‡† –‘ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ”‘—–‹‡á ƒ†á ˆ‹ƒŽŽ›á –Š‡ Žƒ•– –™‘ –Šƒ– ‡…‘’ƒ•• Žƒ”‰‡” •›•–‡• –Šƒ– ‹…Ž—†‡ –Š‡ …—Ž–—”ƒŽ  ‹†‡‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ ƒ† ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ  ‡…‘‘æ ‹…•›•–‡•ä Š‡ò…‘…‡’–—ƒŽ‘†‡Žó‘ˆƒ‹–œ•…Šƒ†…‘ŽŽätrsr ᄃ•‡†‘Š‘‡ƒ‡”á ‘•ƒ†‡‡•‡trr{ ᙃ•”‡…‡–Ž›‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡†„ƒ•‡†‘‡’‹”‹…ƒŽ‡˜‹†‡æ …‡•ˆ”‘–Š‡‘”Ž†•‘ˆ ‘—”ƒŽ‹•’”‘Œ‡…–䊋•‘‡†‹˜‹†‡•–Š‡‡†‹ƒ•›•æ –‡‹–Š‡‘”‡–‹…ƒŽ•–”—…–—”‡•”ƒ‰‹‰ˆ”‘‹…”‘–‘ƒ…”‘ãs ‹…”‘ Ž‡˜‡Žá ‘ˆ–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–ƒ• ƒ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽât  –Š‡ ‡•‘Ž‡˜‡Žá ‘ˆ–Š‡‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘• •—…Šƒ•–Š‡‡™•”‘‘•‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒâƒ†u –Š‡ƒ…”‘Ž‡˜‡Žá‘ˆ–Š‡’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽá ‡…‘‘‹…ƒ†•‘…‹ƒŽ•›•–‡•–Šƒ–‹–‡”ƒ…–™‹–Š–Š‡‡†‹ƒ•›•–‡ä ‹ƒŽŽ›áŽŽ‡”ƒ†‡‹‡”trst ’”‘’‘•‡á‹–Š‡‹”’”‘Œ‡…–ò ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹…—Ž–—”‡ ‘ˆ ’ƒ‹ ƒ† ™‹–œ‡”Žƒ†óá –Š‡ ò‹–‡‰”ƒ–‡† —Ž–‹Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘†‡Žó •–”—…–—”‡† ‘ –Š”‡‡ Ž‡˜‡Ž• « ƒ…–‘”á ‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ ƒ† •›•–‡• « ‹ ™Š‹…Š –Š‡› Š‹‰ŠŽ‹‰Š– –Š‡ ‹–‡”’Žƒ› „‡–™‡‡ –Š‡ ƒ…–‘”• ƒ† –Š‡ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– …‘–‡š–—ƒŽ Ž‡˜‡Ž•ä



‹‰—”‡ sä ‘†‡Ž ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹–‡‰”ƒ–‡† ’‡”…‡’–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡• ™‹–Š‹ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ ‘—”…‡ã”‡’ƒ”‡†„›–Š‡ƒ—–Š‘”•ˆ”‘ŽŽ‡”ƒ†‡‹‡”trst ä

 –Š‡ ‘—–‡”‘•– Žƒ›‡”á –‡”‡† •›•–‡• Ž‡˜‡Žá –Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡ –Š‡ •›•–‡• –Šƒ– •–”—…–—”‡ –Š‡ ƒ”‡–á ‡…‘‘›á ’‘Ž‹–‹…•á …—Ž–—”‡ ƒ† •‘…‹‡–›–Šƒ–ვ…Žƒ‹‡† „› ƒ—–Š‘”• Ž‹‡ ‡ƒ˜‡” ƒ† …‘ŽŽä s{{x á …—ƒ‹Ž trrx  ‘” ‡‹…Š ƒ† ƒ‹–œ•…Š trsu á ’”‘Œ‡…– ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡• •—…Š ƒ• …‡•‘”•Š‹’á „ƒ•á ‹–‡”ˆ‡”‡…‡á ‹–‹‹†ƒ–‹‘á ’”‘ˆ‹– ‡š’‡…–ƒ–‹‘• ‘” ƒ†˜‡”–‹•‹‰ …‘•‹†‡”ƒ–‹‘•ä ƒŽŽ‹ ƒ† ƒ…‹‹ trrv  ’Žƒ…‡ ‹ –Š‹• ƒ”‡– –Š‡ †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒá –Š‡ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’ ƒ† –Š‡ ’”‘š‹‹–› –‘ ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ’‘™‡”á –Š‡ Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘ˆ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒæ Ž‹œƒ–‹‘ « ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ƒ—–‘‘› ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•á –Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ •–ƒ†ƒ”†• ƒ† –Š‡ ˜ƒŽ—‡ ‰‹˜‡ –‘ –Š‡ ’—„Ž‹… ‹–‡”‡•– « ƒ† –Š‡ –ƒ–‡ï• ”‘Ž‡ …‘…‡”‹‰ –Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽˆ”‡‡†‘‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ä Š‡ ‹–‡”‡†‹ƒ–‡ Žƒ›‡”á ˆ‘”‡† „› –Š‡ Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘ˆ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘á ƒƒŽ›•‡• –Š‡ ò‘”æ ‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ•–”—…–—”‡ƒ†–Š‡ƒ”‡ƒ•‘ˆ…‘’‡–‡…‡ó••‡”ás{{zãty ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡™•”‘‘• ‘ˆ ‡†‹ƒä Š‡› †‡–‡”‹‡ –Š‡ ˆƒ…–‘”• ‘ˆ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡ ˆ”‘ ’”‘ˆ‹æ Ž‡• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒ…–‹˜‹–‹‡•á –Š‡ ‡†‹–‘”‹ƒŽ ™‘”ˆŽ‘™á –Š‡ …‘–”‘Ž ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹–‘”‹ƒŽá –Š‡ •‘…‹ƒŽ‡…Šƒ‹••••‡”ás{{z ƒ†–Š‡‡†‹–‘”‹ƒŽŽ‹‡‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹—ƒ”” ƒ† …‘ŽŽäá trrs  –Šƒ– †‡ˆ‹‡ –Š‡ ™‘” ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ä Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡á ƒ• …Žƒ‹‡† „› ‡‹…Š ƒ† ƒ‹–œ•…Š trsuã suy á ò–Š‡ ‡†‹–‘”‹ƒŽ ‡˜‹”‘‡– ‹• ƒ •–”‘‰ …‘†‹–‹‘‡”‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•óä Š‡ ‹‡” Žƒ›‡”á …ƒŽŽ‡† ƒ…–‘” Ž‡˜‡Žá …ƒ”‡ˆ—ŽŽ› †‡–ƒ‹Ž• –Š‡ ‹–‡”‡•–• ƒ† ™‘”æ ‹‰ ‡–Š‘†• ‹ –Š‡ ‡™•”‘‘ ƒ– ƒ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ Ž‡˜‡Žá „‡‹‰ †‡–‡”‹‡† „› –Š‡ –”ƒ‹‹‰á ™‘” ‡š’‡”‹‡…‡á ƒ‰‡ ƒ† •‡š ‘ˆ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–  ‘Š•–‘‡ ƒ† …‘ŽŽäá s{yx ä ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ ‡‹…Š ƒ† ƒ‹–œ•…Š trsu á –Š‡ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡• …‘‡



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&RQFOXVLRQV Š‡ “—ƒ–‹ “—ƒŽ‹–ƒ–‹˜‡ ƒƒŽ›•‹• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡• ”‡…‡‹˜‡† „› –Š‡ ‹–‡”æ ˜‹‡™‡†Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•™‹–Š‹–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡‘ˆ…—ƒ†‘”…‘ˆ‹”•–Šƒ–á ƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š ‘•– ‘ˆ –Š‡•‡ …‘‡ ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ‹•‹†‡ –Š‡ ‡™•”‘‘•á –Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡ ‡š–‡”ƒŽ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡• –Šƒ– ‡“—ƒŽŽ› †‡–‡”‹‡ –Š‡‹” ™‘”ä Š‡ ’”‘Œ‡…– Žƒ—æ …Š‡†„›–Š‡…—ƒ†‘”‹ƒ ‘˜‡”‡–„ƒ•‡†‘–Š‡’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ƒ†”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘‘ˆ‡†‹ƒ•›•–‡á•‹…‡–Š‡ƒ†‘’–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡‘æ —‹…ƒ–‹‘•ƒ™‹trsuƒ†–Š‡…”‡ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ‡™”‡‰—Žƒ–‘”›ƒ† …‘–”‘Ž ƒ‰‡…‹‡•ƒ• ƒ†á†‹”‡…–Ž›‹ˆŽ—‡…‡–Š‡†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– ‘ˆ–Š‡’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‘……—’ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ”‡•’‘†‡–•ä Š‡ƒ‹‹ˆŽ—‡…‡•ˆ”‘–Š‡‹•‹†‡‘ˆ–Š‡‡™•”‘‘•ƒ”‡‡™ –‡…Š‘Ž‘æ ‰‹‡•á–Š‡‡–Š‹…ƒŽ…‘˜‹…–‹‘•á•—’‡”‹‘”•‘”•—’‡”˜‹•‘”•ƒ†‡™•†‡ƒ†Ž‹‡•ä – ‹‰Š– •‡‡ •–”ƒ‰‡ –Šƒ– –Š‘•‡ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡† …‘–‹—‡ –‘ …‘•‹†‡” ‡™ –‡…Š‘Ž‘‰‹‡•ƒ•–Š‡ƒ‹ˆƒ…–‘”‘ˆ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡™‹–Š‹–Š‡‹”‡™•”‘‘• ‡˜‡ –Š‘—‰Š–Š‡•‡Šƒ˜‡‡š‹•–‡†–‘‰‡–Š‡”ˆ‘”ƒ››‡ƒ”•ƒ†ˆ‘”ƒ ˆ—†ƒ‡æ –ƒŽ’ƒ”–‘ˆ‘•–‘ˆ–Š‡’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ’”‘…‡••‡•ƒ†•–”—…–—”‡•äŠ‡ƒ•™‡”• †‡‘•–”ƒ–‡–Šƒ–á•–‹ŽŽ–‘†ƒ›á–Š‡›ƒ”‡‘–…‘’Ž‡–‡Ž›ˆƒ‹Ž‹ƒ”™‹–Š –Š‡•‡ –‘‘Ž•ƒ†•–”ƒ–‡‰‹‡•ƒ†ƒ”‡‹ƒ’‡”‹‘†‘ˆ–”ƒ•‹–‹‘ˆ”‘ƒƒŽ‘‰‹…–‘†‹æ ‰‹–ƒŽä ‘•‡“—‡–Ž›á ‹– …‘—Ž† „‡ ƒ”‰—‡† –Šƒ– –Š‡”‡ ‹•á ˆ‹”•–Ž›á ƒ Žƒ… ‘ˆ ƒ†ƒ’–ƒ„‹Ž‹æ –› ‹ –Š‡ ‡™•”‘‘• ‘ˆ –Š‡ …—ƒ†‘”‹ƒ ‡†‹ƒ –‘ –Š‡ †‹‰‹–ƒŽ ‡˜‹”‘‡– ƒ†á •‡…‘†Ž›á †—‡ –‘ –Š‡ ™‹†‡ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡…‡• „‡–™‡‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ• « ›‘—‰  ‘Ž†â ’”‘˜‹…‹ƒŽ  …‹–›â ‡’‹”‹…ƒŽ  ‰”ƒ†—ƒ–‡•â ƒ† •‘ ‘á ƒ Žƒ… ‘ˆ –”ƒ‹‹‰



‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ä Š‡•‡ ”‡•—Ž–• ƒ‰”‡‡ ™‹–Š –Š‡ ”‡’‘”– •Š‘™ „›  ™‹–Š‹ –Š‡ –‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ”‘‰”ƒ‡ ˆ‘” –Š‡ ‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–‘ˆ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ‹–Š‡ ƒŽ›•‹•‘ˆ‡†‹ƒ‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–‹…—ƒ†‘” trssãsur ã òŽ›ttäw¨‘ˆ–Š‡ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡†Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•Šƒ†”‡…‡‹˜‡†ƒ›–”ƒ‹‹‰‹ óä ‘”‡‘˜‡”ᇘ‡‹trsv trswá…—ƒ†‘”‹ƒ•‘…‹‡–›‹•‹–Š‡’”‘…‡••‘ˆ–”ƒ•ˆ‡” ˆ”‘ƒƒŽ‘‰›–‘†‹‰‹–ƒŽƒ†‹’”‘˜‹‰–Š‡‹”ƒ……‡••–‘«†‹‰‹–ƒŽ «‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ŽŽ‡”á trsv ä Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡á ‹– …ƒ „‡ ‘„•‡”˜‡† –Šƒ– ‘‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒ‹ ‡š–‡”ƒŽ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡• …‘•‹†‡”‡† „› ”‡•’‘†‡”• ‹• –Š‡ ƒ—†‹‡…‡á ’”‘„ƒ„Ž›„‡…ƒ—•‡ –Š‡› ‘™–Š‡ ”‡ƒŽ‹–› ‘ˆ –Š‡ …—ƒ†‘”‹ƒ ’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘ƒ†‹–• Žƒ… ‘ˆƒ†ƒ’–ƒ„‹Ž‹–› –‘ –Š‡ †‹‰‹–ƒŽ ‡˜‹”‘‡–ä † –Š—•á •‘‡–‹‡• –Š‡› ƒ”‡ ˆ‘”æ…‡† –‘ …‘–‹—‡ –‘ „ƒ•‡ –Š‡‹” ™‘” •–”ƒ–‡‰‹‡• ‘ ƒ –”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹…‘†‡Ž™‹–Š™Š‹…Š …‹–‹œ‡•ƒ”‡ˆƒ‹Ž‹ƒ”䎖Š‘—‰Š–Š‡›•Š‘—Ž†‘–ˆ‘”‰‡––Šƒ–á ƒ• ‰—‹””‡ trrx  •–ƒ–‡•á ‹ –Š‡ ˆ‹”•– †‡…ƒ†‡ ‘ˆ –Š‹• …‡–—”›á ƒ› ‘ˆ–Š‡†‹‰‹–ƒŽ–‡…Š‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ ‹‘˜ƒ–‹‘•ƒ”‡”‹ˆ‡ƒ†–Šƒ––Š‡ò‡Ž‡…–”‘‹…„—„„Ž‡ó Šƒ• ‡š’Ž‘†‡†á ƒˆˆ‡…–‹‰ –Š‡ˆ‹‡Ž†‘ˆ•‘…‹ƒŽ…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘á–Š‡™ƒ›•ƒ†’”‘…‡••‡• ‘ˆ ’”‘†—…–‹‘ ƒ† †‹•–”‹„—–‹‘á ƒ† –Š‡ ‘……—’ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ’”‘ˆ‹Ž‡•ä Š‡‘–Š‡”ƒŒ‘” ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡• …‘ˆ‹”–Š‡‹’Ž‡‡–ƒ–‹‘„›–Š‡”‡•’‘†‡–• ‘ˆ ƒ –›’‡ ‘ˆ –”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ä Š‡ ˜‡”–‹…ƒŽ‹–› ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹˜‡ ’”‘æ …‡••‡•ˆ”‘ƒŠ‹‡”ƒ”…Š›…Ž‡ƒ”Ž›ƒ”‡†á…ƒ—•‡••—’‡”‹‘”•‘”•—’‡”˜‹•‘”•–‘ ƒ…– ƒ• …‘–”‘ŽŽ‹‰ ƒ‰‡–• ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•á ‹ˆŽ—‡…‹‰ –Š‡ †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– ‘ˆ ’”‘†—…–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ « –Š‹• ˜‡”–‹…ƒŽ •–”—…–—”‡ ‹• ‘•– ‡˜‹†‡– ‹ –Š‡ ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ ‡†‹ƒá ‘– •‘ —…Š ‹ –Š‡ ’—„Ž‹… ‘‡•ä Ž•‘ ƒ••‘…‹ƒ–‡† ™‹–Š –Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ’”‘…‡••‡• ™‹–Š‹ ‡†‹ƒá ƒ‘–Š‡” ‹’‘”–ƒ– ˆƒ…–‘” ‘ˆ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡ ‹•–Š‡‡™•†‡ƒ†Ž‹‡•ä Š‡‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡‡•ˆ‡‡Ž–Š‡ƒš‹—‹ˆŽ—‡…‡•ƒ†’”‡••—”‡ˆ”‘s –Š‡‡‡† ˆ‘” ƒ†ƒ’–ƒ–‹‘ –‘ –Š‡ †‹‰‹–ƒŽ ‡˜‹”‘‡–â t  –Š‡ ‘„Ž‹‰ƒ–‹‘ –‘ ‰‡‡”ƒ–‡ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ƒ•‹’‘•‡†„›–Š‡ƒ”‡–«‹–‹‡ƒ†ˆ‘”âu –Š‡…‘晑”‡”• ™Š‘ ƒ”‡ ‹ ƒ •—’‡”‹‘” ’‘•‹–‹‘ ƒ† †‡–‡”‹‡ –Š‡ ‡–Š‘†• ‘ˆ™‘”‘ˆ–Š‡ ‡†‹ƒâ ƒ† v  –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ …‘˜‹…–‹‘• ‘”á ™Š‹…Š ™‘—Ž† „‡–Š‡ •ƒ‡á –Š‡ †‡‘–‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ …‘†‡ –Šƒ– Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• —•– ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™ ™‹–Š‹ –Š‡‹”‡†‹ƒáƒŽ•‘ ˆ‘”ˆ‡ƒ”‘ˆ’‘••‹„Ž‡•ƒ…–‹‘•ä ‘ ƒ Ž‡••‡” ‡š–‡–á …‘™‘”‡”• ƒ† ”‡•‘—”…‡ •…ƒ”…‹–› ‡š‡”– •‘‡ ‹† ‘ˆ ‹æ ˆŽ—‡…‡ ‘ ”‡•’‘†‡–•ä › „‡‹‰ ƒ™ƒ”‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ …‘–”‘Ž •—’‡”‹‘”• ‡š‡”– ‘˜‡” –Š‡á –Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡ ™‹–Š‹ –Š‡ ‡™•”‘‘• •‘‡ •ƒŽŽ Ž‡˜‡Ž• ‘ˆ ’ƒ”–‡”•Š‹’ „‡–™‡‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ•â …‘””‘„‘”ƒ–‹‰ –Š‡ Žƒ… ‘ˆ –”—•– ™‹–Š‹ ‡™•”‘‘•ä



……‘”†‹‰ –‘ ˆ‹†‹‰• ‘ˆ –Š‡ •–—†› ‘™ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ™‘” ’—„Ž‹•Š‡†„›‘”ƒ††‡ƒ—‡”–‹ˆ–—‰trrw ‘”‡–ŠƒŠƒŽˆ wt¨ ‘ˆ–Š‡ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡† …—ƒ†‘”‹ƒ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ’”‡ˆ‡””‡† ‘– –‘ •Šƒ”‡ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘™‹–Š ’‡‡”•ä ƒ††‹–‹‘áƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š”‡•’‘†‡”•ƒˆˆ‹”–Šƒ––Š‡•‡ƒ”…Šˆ‘”ƒ—†‹‡…‡• ƒ† ’”‘ˆ‹–‡š’‡…–ƒ–‹‘• ƒ”‡ ‘– ‹’‘”–ƒ–‹••—‡• ˆ‘”–Š‡á–Š‡› ƒ”‡ ƒ™ƒ”‡ ‘ˆ …‡”–ƒ‹ Ž‹‹–ƒ–‹‘• ‹ –Š‡‹” ™‘” †—‡ –‘ Žƒ… ‘ˆ ˆ‹ƒ…‹ƒŽ ƒ† Š—ƒ ”‡æ •‘—”…‡•ä ‡…‡ –Š‡› —†‡”•–ƒ†á –‘ •‘‡ ‡š–‡–á –Šƒ– –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ’ƒ› ƒ ‰”‡ƒ–‡”ƒ––‡–‹‘–‘–Š‡‡…‘‘‹…ƒ•’‡…–•ƒ†–Š‡ƒ”‡–«‡•’‡…‹ƒŽŽ› –Š‡ ’”‹˜ƒ–‡‡†‹ƒ–Šƒ–†‡’‡†‘–Š‡‹”‹…‘‡–‘•—”˜‹˜‡ä Š‡ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡• ‘ˆ ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ƒ–—”‡ ™‹–Š‹ –Š‡ ‡™•”‘‘• ƒ”‡ ”‡Žƒ–‡† –‘ –Š‡ ‹†‡‘Ž‘‰› ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒä – ƒ…–• ƒ• ˆ‹Ž–‡” ‘ˆ ‡š–‡”ƒŽ ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡•á –”ƒ•æ ‹––‹‰ –Š‡•‡ –‘ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ˆ”‘ ƒ ’ƒ”–‹…—Žƒ” ‹–‡”ƒŽ ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ †‹”‡…–‹‘ ‹ ™Š‹…Š –Š‡ ‡†‹–‘”‹ƒŽ Ž‹‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒá ”‡“—‹”‡‡–• ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ƒ”‡–á ƒ†á •’‡…‹ˆ‹…ƒŽŽ›á–Š‡ ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ”‡“—‹”‡‡–• ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡– ƒ”‡ †‡„ƒ–‡†ä Š‹• ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’ „‡–™‡‡ –Š‡ –ƒ–‡ ƒ† –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ …ƒ—•‡• –Šƒ– ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡† ’‡”…‡‹˜‡ †‹”‡…–Ž› –Š‡•‡ « ‡•’‡…‹ƒŽŽ› ˆ‘” ˆ‡ƒ” ‘ˆ ’‘••‹„Ž‡ •ƒ…–‹‘• « –Šƒ …Šƒ‰‡• ƒ† ”‡“—‹”‡‡–• ‘ˆ –Š‡ …—””‡– ‡†‹ƒ ƒ”‡–ä Š‡•‡ ”‡•—Ž–••Š‘™ –Šƒ––Š‡’‡”…‡’–‹‘–Šƒ–…—ƒ†‘”‹ƒŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•Šƒ˜‡‘ˆŽƒ…‘ˆ‹æ†‡’‡†‡…‡ ‹ –Š‡ ‡™•”‘‘• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ’‡”•‹•–•â ƒ• ‹– ƒŽ”‡ƒ†› ™ƒ•’‘‹–‡† ‹ –Š‡ ‹‡–‹‡• „› –Š‡ •–—†› ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ‹ –Š‡ †‡• „› –Š‡ …Š‘‘Ž‘ˆ ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ƒ† ƒ•• ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ s{{v  ‘ˆ –Š‡ Ž‘”‹†ƒ –‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‹˜‡”•‹–›ä ‡‰ƒ”†‹‰ –Š‡ ƒ‹ ‡š–‡”ƒŽ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡• –Šƒ– †‡–‡”‹‡á ‹ ƒ ™ƒ›á –Š‡‹” †‡…‹•‹‘•ƒ†–Š‡‹”’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽƒ…–‹˜‹–›á–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡† ‡æ ’Šƒ•‹œ‡ ‡†‹ƒ Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹‘â –Š‡ ƒ—†‹‡…‡ ‘” –Š‡ ’—„Ž‹…⠐‡™• •‘—”…‡•â –Š‡

‘˜‡”‡–ƒ†‹–•”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡•âƒ†–Š‡‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘•‘ˆ…‘–”‘Žƒ† ”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒä Š‡ …—””‡– ‘˜‡”‡–á ™‹–Š ”‡•‹†‡– ƒˆƒ‡Ž ‘””‡ƒ ‹ –Š‡ Ž‡ƒ†á ‹• …‘æ †—…–‹‰ ƒ ˜‡”› ƒ‰‰”‡••‹˜‡ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ’‘Ž‹…›ƒ‰ƒ‹•– –Š‡•–”—…–—”‡‘ˆ–Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ •›•–‡ „ƒ•‡† ‘ ’”‹˜ƒ–‡‘™‡”•Š‹’ƒ††‡”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘ä • •–ƒ–‡†áˆ”‘ trr{á–Š‡••‡„Ž›†‹•…—••‡†–Š‡†”ƒˆ–‘ˆƒ‡™‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘•ƒ™áˆ‹ƒŽŽ› ’ƒ••‡† ‹ trsuá ‘– ™‹–Š‘—– Ž‹––Ž‡ …”‹–‹…‹•y{ä – Šƒ• ƒ •‡”‹‡• ‘ˆ ƒ”–‹…Ž‡•–Šƒ– •‘‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•„‡Ž‹‡˜‡—†‡”‹‡–Š‡‹”ˆ”‡‡†‘‘ˆ‡š’”‡••‹‘zrᙊ‹…ŠŽ‡† –‘ –Š‡ ”‡“—ƒŽ‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡•‡ ƒ† ‘–Š‡” ‹–‡• ‹ –Š‡ ‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘•‘ˆ–Š‡Žƒ™ä  ƒ††‹–‹‘á –Š‹• ‡™ Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹˜‡ ”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘ Ž‡† –‘ –Š‡ …”‡ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡



 á ƒ ”‡‰—Žƒ–‘”› ‘”‰ƒ‹• ”‡•’‘•‹„Ž‡ ˆ‘” ‘‹–‘”‹‰ –Š‡™‘” ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ƒ† –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒá ™Š‹…Š –‘‰‡–Š‡” ™‹–Š –Š‡ á ƒ •ƒ…–‹‘‹‰ ‘”‰ƒ‹•á ƒ”‡ ”‡•’‘•‹„Ž‡ ˆ‘” ‡•—”‹‰ –Š‡ ’”‘’‡” ˆ—…–‹‘‹‰ ƒ† ™‘” ‘ˆ –Š‡•‡á ƒ† –Šƒ– –Š‡› ”‡•’‡…– –Š‡ ˆ—†ƒ‡–ƒŽ ”‹‰Š–• ‘ˆ …‹–‹œ‡• ƒ† –Š‡‹” ”‹‰Š–• –‘ ƒ……‡••ä Š‹• •ƒ…–‹‘‹‰ ˆ—…–‹‘ …ƒ—•‡•  –‘ „‡ …‘•‹†‡”‡† ƒ• òƒ ‘”‰ƒ ‘ˆ …‡•‘”•Š‹’ó „› ƒ—–Š‘”• •—…Š ƒ• ƒ —‡zs ‹ Ž‡‹†ƒátrsvãstw ä Š‡ ƒ‰‰”‡••‹˜‡ ’‘Ž‹…› ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”‡•‹†‡– ƒ‰ƒ‹•– •‘‡ ƒ••‹˜‡ ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ ‡æ †‹ƒ ƒ† ˆ‘” –Š‡ ò†‡‘…”ƒ–‹œƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘óztâ –Š‡ …‘–”‘˜‡”•‹ƒŽ •ƒ…–‹‘• ‹’Ž‡‡–‡† „› zuâ ƒ† –Š‡ …‘•–ƒ– ’”‘’‘•ƒŽ ‘ˆ ‡™ ”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘• –‘ –Š‡ ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘• ƒ™ ˆ”‘  á ƒ”‡ Ž‡ƒ†‹‰ –Š‡ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡†Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•–‘Šƒ˜‡–Š‡•‡‘ˆˆ‹…‹ƒŽ‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ–‹‘•’”‡•‡–ƒ–ƒŽŽ–‹‡• ‹ –Š‡‹” ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ ˆ‘” ˆ‡ƒ” ‘ˆ ”‡’”‹•ƒŽ• ‘” •ƒ…–‹‘•ä Š‹• ”‡•—Ž– …‘ˆ‹”•á ƒ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ ‹…א trsr„ã szy á –Šƒ– ò–Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡– ‘Ž› ”‡…‘‰‹•‡• ƒ ‡†‹ƒ …‘†‹–‹‘ã …‘””—’–â ƒ† ‡†‹ƒ Œ—•– ‘‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡–ã †‹…–ƒ–‘”•Š‹’óä Ž‘‰–Š‡•ƒ‡Ž‹‡•á™‡•‡‡Š‘™‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘•‘—”…‡•Šƒ˜‡‰”‡ƒ– ‹ˆŽ—‡æ …‡‘–Š‡‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡†Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ä–ˆ‹”•–ᑐ‡‹‰Š––Š‹–Šƒ––Š‡›…‘æ •‹†‡”–Š‡ƒ•‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ‹’‹ŽŽƒ”•‹ƒ…Š‹‡˜‹‰ƒ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• „ƒ•‡†‘–Š‡’—„Ž‹…ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ˜‡”‹ˆ‹‡† ƒ†–”—–Šˆ—Ž‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ä ˜‡•‘ወ –Š‡…—ƒ†‘”‹ƒ…‘–‡š–‹•ƒƒŽ›•‡†á–Š‡‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡†Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ’”‘„ƒ„Ž›á –Š”‘—‰Š–Š‡‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘‰‹˜‡„›–Š‡•‡•‘—”…‡•á•‡‡–‘Ž‡‰‹–‹‹•‡ –Š‡‹” ™‘”ƒ†’”‘–‡…––Š‡ƒ‰ƒ‹•–’‘••‹„Ž‡•ƒ…–‹‘•ˆ”‘áˆ‹”•–Ž›á–Š‡”‡‰—Žƒæ –‘”›‘”‰ƒ‹••‘ˆ ‘˜‡”‡–‘”‘–Š‡”’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ‰”‘—’•áƒ†á•‡…‘†Ž›á–Š‡ ’‘••‹„Ž‡…”‹–‹…‹••ƒ†”‡–ƒŽ‹ƒ–‹‘•ˆ”‘–Š‡”‡•‹†‡–ä Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡– ‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘”á ‹ ”‡…‡– ›‡ƒ”•á Šƒ• •–”‡‰–Š‡‡† –Š‡ ‹†‡ƒ –Šƒ–Šƒ•„‡‡’”‘’‘•‡†ˆ”‘–Š‡‹‡–‡‡‡‹‰Š–‹‡•‹ˆƒ˜‘—”‘ˆ–Š‡ †‡‘æ …”ƒ–‹œƒ–‹‘‘ˆ…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘á‹™Š‹…Š–Š‡‡†‹ƒá„‘–Š’—„Ž‹…ƒ†’”‹˜ƒ–‡á —•– Šƒ˜‡ –Š‡‹” •‘…‹ƒŽ ”‡•’‘•‹„‹Ž‹–› « …‘‘ ‰—‹†‡Ž‹‡• ‹ …‘—–”‹‡• ™‹–ŠƒŽƒ™‘…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘••—…Šƒ•”‰‡–‹ƒá‡‡œ—‡Žƒá”—‰—ƒ›ƒ† ‘Ž‹˜‹ƒâƒ•™‡ŽŽƒ•…‘—–”‹‡••—…Šƒ•”ƒœ‹Ž‘”‡š‹…‘á–Šƒ–ƒ”‡†‡„ƒ–‹‰–Š‡ ‡™ ”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘• ‘ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ä ……‘”†‹‰Ž›á –Š‡ ’”‘’‘•ƒŽ ‹• –‘ ‰”ƒæ †—ƒŽŽ›ƒ„ƒ†‘–Š‡…‘‡”…‹ƒŽƒ–—”‡‘ˆ‡†‹ƒ–‘„‡„ƒ•‡†‘–Š‡–”—–Šˆ—Ž ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ƒ†–Š‡ƒ……‡••‡‡†• ‘ˆ…—ƒ†‘”‹ƒ…‹–‹œ‡•ä˜‡‘”‡‹ƒ …‘—–”›™Š‡”‡ƒ’”‹˜ƒ–‹•‡†‡†‹ƒ‡…‘•›•–‡’‡”•‹•–•áƒ•‡×trryã ww  ’”‡†‹…–‡†ƒ––Š‡„‡‰‹‹‰‘ˆ‘””‡ƒï• ‘˜‡”‡–ã



–Š‹••…‡ƒ”‹‘™‹–Š’”‘•’‡…–• ˆ‘”…Šƒ‰‡á‡˜‡”›–Š‹‰™‘—Ž†•‡‡–‘‹†‹æ …ƒ–‡–Šƒ––Š‡‹••—‡‘ˆ–Š‡…‘…‡–”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒ™‹ŽŽ„‡”‡ƒ…–‹˜ƒ–‡† ‹ …—ƒ†‘”ƒ†áƒŽ‘‰–Š‡•ƒ‡Ž‹‡•á–Š‡†‹•’‘•‹–‹‘•‹–‡†‡†–‘‘˜‡””‹†‡–Š‡ ’—„Ž‹…‰‘‘†–Šƒ––Š‡‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘Šƒ•á–‘–”ƒ•ˆ‘”‹–‹–‘ƒ‡”‡…‘‘†‹–›ä †„‡•‹†‡•á–Š‡‡‡†ˆ‘”’—„Ž‹…‡†‹ƒä

Ž–Š‘—‰Š ™‡ •Š‘—Ž† ‘– ˆ‘”‰‡– –Šƒ– –Š‹• †‡‘…”ƒ–‹•ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ —•– „‡ †‡•‹‰‡† –‘ ’”‘˜‹†‡ …”‹–‹…ƒŽ –‘‘Ž• –‘ …‹–‹œ‡•ä • ƒ”‹—•ƒ†•–—†‹ŽŽ‘trrwãvr ”‡‹†áò–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–™Š‘ —†‡”•–ƒ†•Š‹• –ƒ• ƒ• ƒ •‡”˜‹…‡ –‘‘Ž —•– •–‡’ ‹–‘ –Š‡ •Š‘‡• ‘ˆ Š‹• ƒ—†‹‡…‡ –‘ ‰‹˜‡ ƒ•™‡”•áˆ”‘–Š‡•‹’Ž‡•––‘–Š‡‘•–…‘’Ž‡šóä Š‹•’”‘’‘•ƒŽáƒ……‘”†‹‰–‘–Š‡”‡•’‘•‡•áƒ”•–Š‡ƒ––‹–—†‡ƒ††‡…‹•‹‘• ‘ˆ–Š‡‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡†Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•–Šƒ–ዐ†‹˜‹†—ƒŽŽ›á’ƒ›Ž‹––Ž‡ƒ––‡–‹‘–‘ –Š‡ •‡ƒ”…Š ˆ‘” ƒ—†‹‡…‡• ‘” –Š‡ ‹’”‘˜‡‡– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡…‘‘‹… ’‡”ˆ‘”ƒ…‡ ‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒ–‘ˆ‘…—•‘–Š‡‡‡†•ƒ††‡•‹”‡•‘ˆ…‹–‹œ‡•Š‹’ä –…‘—Ž†„‡ „‡…ƒ—•‡á ‘ –Š‡ ‘‡ Šƒ†á ‡†‹ƒ ƒ…– ƒ• ˆ‹Ž–‡”• ‘ˆ ƒ”‡– ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡• ƒ†á ‘ –Š‡ ‘–Š‡” Šƒ†á –Š‡ •‡‹‘” ƒ† …Š‹‡ˆ ‡†‹–‘”• •‡”˜‡ ƒ• ‹–‡”‡†‹ƒ”‹‡• „‡–™‡‡–Š‡‘™‡”•ƒ†Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ä Š‡•‡ …‘…Ž—•‹‘• ƒ”‡ ‘”‡ ‹–‡”‡•–‹‰ ™Š‡ …‘’ƒ”‡† ™‹–Š –Š‡ ”‡•—Ž–• ‘„–ƒ‹‡†‹–Š‡ƒŽ›•‹•‘ˆ‡†‹ƒ‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–‹…—ƒ†‘”‹trss䊋••–—†› ƒˆˆ‹”‡†–Šƒ––Š‡‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡†Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ’‡”…‡‹˜‡†—Ž–‹’Ž‡’”‡••—”‡•ˆ”‘ ƒ†˜‡”–‹•‡”•áƒƒ‰‡”•‘”‘™‡”•‘ˆ‡†‹ƒƒ† ‘˜‡”‡–ä‘™‡˜‡”ᔇ•—Ž–• ‘ˆ  ’”‘Œ‡…– •Š‘™ ƒ ‡˜‘Ž—–‹‘ ‘˜‡” ”‡…‡– ›‡ƒ”•á ˆ”‘ƒ ‡”…ƒ–‹Ž‹•– ƒ’’”‘ƒ…Š–‘ƒ•‘…‹ƒŽ’‘•‹–‹‘•–”‘‰Ž›‹ˆŽ—‡…‡†„›–Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡–ƒ†–Š‡ ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘•ƒ™â™‹–Š–Š‡…‘•‡“—‡–Ž‘••‘ˆ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡ˆ”‘ƒ†˜‡”–‹•‡”• ƒ†‘™‡”•‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒä ‡‰ƒ”†‹‰ ‘–Š‡” ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡• ’‡”…‡‹˜‡† „› ”‡•’‘†‡–•á –™‘ –”‡†• ƒ”‡ …‘æ ˆ‹”‡†ã ‹”•–Ž›á –Š‡ Ž‘™ Ž‡˜‡Ž• ‘ˆ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ƒ••‘…‹ƒ–‹‘•á —‹‘• ‘” Œ‘—”æ ƒŽ‹•–•ï ‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘• –Šƒ– ƒ‹–ƒ‹ –Š‡ •ƒ‡ Ž‹‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹‡–‹‡•zv ƒ† –Š‡ „‡‰‹‹‰ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ts•– …‡–—”›ä • ‘–‡† „› –Š‡ ƒŽ›•‹• ‘ˆ ‡†‹ƒ ‡˜‡Ž‘’æ ‡–‹…—ƒ†‘”trss áyw¨‘ˆ–Š‡‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡†Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•–‡•–‹ˆ‹‡†–Šƒ––Š‡‹” ‡†‹ƒ†‹†‘–’‡”‹–ƒ›‡„‡”•Š‹’‘ˆƒ›Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–ƒ••‘…‹ƒ–‹‘ƒ†–Šƒ– zw¨™ƒ•‘–’ƒ”–‘ˆƒ›—‹‘ä†á•‡…‘†Ž›áƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š–Š‡‹ˆŽ—‡…‡‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒ–Š‘Ž‹… Š—”…Š ‹• •–‹ŽŽ •–”‘‰á ‹ •‘‡ ‡†‹ƒ ‹– ‹• „‡…‘‹‰ •ƒŽŽ‡”ä  –”‡† –‘ •‡…—Žƒ”‹• …‘ˆ‹”‡† ƒ‘‰ …‡”–ƒ‹ •‡…–‘”• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ•ä Š‡•‡ ”‡•—Ž–• •—’’‘”– –Š‡ •–ƒ–‡‡– ƒ†‡ „› Š‡…ƒæ ‘†‘›



trst„ ™Š‘•–ƒ–‡•–Šƒ––Š‡ƒ–Š‘Ž‹…Š—”…ŠŠƒ•Ž‹––Ž‡’”‡•‡…‡–‘†ƒ›‹–Š‡ †ƒ‹Ž› ’”‡•• ‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘”á „—– ”‡ƒ‹• ‘ –Š‡ ”ƒ†‹‘ä 1RWHV y{ –Šƒ•„‡‡‹…ƒ‡†ƒ•ƒ ò‰ƒ‰Žƒ™ó„› –Š‡ƒŒ‘”’”‹˜ƒ–‡‡†‹ƒ…—ƒ†‘”ƒ† ‹–‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘••—…Šƒ•–Š‡ –‡”‡”‹…ƒ”‡••••‘…‹ƒ–‹‘   ä zr ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ƒ™trsu ‹‹–•ƒ”–‹…Ž‡•”‡ˆ‡””‹‰ –‘‡†‹ƒŽ›…Š‹‰”–äsräväŒ ä zs ”ƒ ƒ —‡á  ’‡…‹ƒŽ ƒ’’‘”–‡—” ‘ –Š‡ ”‘‘–‹‘ ƒ† ”‘–‡…–‹‘ ‘ˆ ”‡‡†‘ ‘ˆ ’‹‹‘ ƒ† š’”‡••‹‘á ‹ ’‹‹× •‘„”‡ Žƒ ‡› †‡ ‘—‹…ƒ…‹× †‡ …—ƒ†‘” ’‹‹‘ ‘ –Š‡ ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ƒ™ ‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘” ᑐ‘——„‡ä‡…—’‡”ƒ†‘rw ss trswã Š––’•ã ™™™ä›‘—–—„‡ä…‘ ™ƒ–…Šë˜±• {„  zt Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡ •‡˜‡”ƒŽ ‡šƒ’Ž‡•ã ˆ‹”•–Ž›á –Š‡ •‡‹œ—”‡ ‹ trrz „› –Š‡ ‰‡…› ˆ‘” ‡’‘•‹–

—ƒ”ƒ–‡‡   ‘ˆ –Š”‡‡–‡Ž‡˜‹•‹‘•  ƒƒ–˜á  ‡Ž‡˜‹•‹×á u á –™‘ ƒ‰ƒœ‹‡• Ž ‰”‘ ƒ† ƒ †ƒ  ƒ† –™‘ ”ƒ†‹‘ •–ƒ–‹‘• ƒ””—æ •‡Ž ƒ† —’‡”  á ™Š‹…Š —–‹Ž ‘™ ™‡”‡ ƒƒ‰‡† „› –Š‡ –ƒ–‡á ƒ†á •‡…‘†Ž›á –Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡–  ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ ‡†‹ƒ…‘ˆ”‘–ƒ–‹‘ ‘”‹‰‹ƒ–‡† ˆ”‘ ƒ •‡”‹‡• ‘ˆ ”‡’‘”–• ‹ trr{ ‹ –Š‡ †ƒ‹Ž› š’”‡•‘ ‘  –Š‡  ƒ…–‹˜‹–‹‡•  ‘ˆ –Š‡  ‘Ž†‡” „”‘–Š‡” ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”‡•‹†‡–á ƒ„”‹…‹‘á •—’’‘•‡†Ž› ’”‹˜‹Ž‡‰‡† ‹ …‘–”ƒ…–• ™‹–Š …‘’ƒ‹‡•…‘–”‘ŽŽ‡†„›–Š‡–ƒ–‡Š‡…ƒæ ‘†‘›átrss ä zu òƒ”Ž‘• …Š‘ƒá •—’‡”‹–‡†‡– ‘ˆ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘á ™ƒ‹–‡† —–‹Ž ‡†‡•†ƒ› ’”‹Ž z trsv ˆ‘” –Š‡ ’”‡•‡–‡”‘ˆ…—ƒ˜‹•ƒáŽˆ”‡†‘‹‘ƒ”‰‘–‡á–‘‘ˆˆ‡”’—„Ž‹…ƒ’‘Ž‘‰‹‡•–‘–Š‡ ˆ”‹…ƒ’‡‘’Ž‡ƒ†–Š‡…‘—‹–›‘ˆ•‡š—ƒŽ‹‘”‹–‹‡•ˆ‘”á ƒŽŽ‡‰‡†Ž›á Šƒ˜‹‰ ƒ†‡ ƒ ‘ˆˆ‡•‹˜‡ ”‡ƒ” ‹ –Š‡‹” ƒ‰ƒ‹•–óä ‡…‘˜‡”‡† u ru swã Š––’ã ™™™ä ‡…—ƒ†‘”‹‡†‹ƒ–‘ä…‘ ‹†‡šä’Š’ë ‘†—Ž‡±‘–‹…‹ƒ•¬ˆ—…±‡™•4—•‡”4˜‹‡™¬‹†±tzszyxrrzw¬—–±•—’‡”‹–‡†‡ æ –‡4‘…Š‘ƒ4‡•’‡”ƒ”ƒ4Šƒ•–ƒ4‹‡”…‘Ž‡•4’‘”4†‹•…—Ž’ƒ•4’—„Ž‹…ƒ•4ƒŽˆ”‡†‘4’‹‘ƒ”‰‘–‡4ƒ—†‹‘ zv Š‡•–—†› ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•‹–Š‡†‡•…‘†—…–‡†‹s{{v„›–Š‡…Š‘‘Ž‘ˆ ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ƒ†ƒ•• ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ Ž‘”‹†ƒ –‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ‹˜‡”•‹–› …‡”–‹ˆ‹‡† –Šƒ– ‹ –Š‡ ‹‡–‹‡•á ‹ …—ƒ†‘”á –Š‡”‡ ™ƒ• ‘ –›’‡ ‘ˆ —‹‘ ‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒæ–‹‘‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ƒ† ‡†‹ƒä





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 3URIHVVLRQDOUROHVRI MRXUQDOLVWV Š‡ ’‡”…‡’–‹‘ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ‘ˆ –Š‡•‡Ž˜‡• …‘‡• ˆ”‘ –Š‡‹” ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ƒ…–‹˜‹–‹‡• ƒ† –Š‡‹” ò•‡Žˆæ…‘…‡’–á ‹ƒ‰‡ ƒ† ƒ’’‡ƒ”ƒ…‡ó —‡‘á s{yxã sttw 䋐…‡‡„‡”s{rvátrr{ ’”‘’‘•‡†ƒ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡–Š‘†„ƒ•‡†‘ –Š‡‹” ò‹†‡ƒŽ –›’‡•óá ƒ› ƒ—–Š‘”• Šƒ˜‡ „ƒ•‡† –Š‡‹” ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š ‘ –Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ”‘Ž‡•‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ƒ……‘”†‹‰–‘–Š‹•‡–Š‘†ä ƒ••™‡ŽŽs{tyátrry ™ƒ•‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡ˆ‹”•––‘ƒƒŽ›•‡–Š‡”‘Ž‡‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒ‹ •‘…‹‡–›ä‘Žƒƒ†Š—Žƒs{xv ሑ…—•‡†‘–Š‡ƒƒŽ›•‹•‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ƒ† ƒˆ–‡” …‘†—…–‹‰ uu ‹–‡”˜‹‡™• ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•á …‘…Ž—†‡† –Šƒ– •‘‡ ™‘”‡† –‘ „‡ ƒ†‹”‡†á ‘–Š‡”• –‘ •ƒ–‹•ˆ› ”‡ƒ†‡”• ƒ† ‘–Š‡”• –‘ …‘—–‡”ƒ…– –Š‡ —†‡•‹”ƒ„Ž‡‘‡•ä ƒ‘™‹–œs{yw ’”‘’‘•‡†–Š‡Žƒ™›‡”Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–ƒ†–Š‡ ‰ƒæ –‡‡‡’‡”ƒ•‘†‡Ž•‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ä‘Š‡s{xu ዐŠ‹•…Žƒ••‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ –›’‡• ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… ”‘Ž‡•á †‹•–‹‰—‹•Š‡† „‡–™‡‡ –Š‡ ‡—–”ƒŽ ƒ† –Š‡



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Š‡ ‹†‹‘•›…”ƒ•› ‘ˆ –Š‡ –Š‡ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ ”‡‰‹‘ Šƒ• …ƒ—•‡†–Š‡ •…‹‡æ –‹ˆ‹…’”‘†—…–‹‘ƒ„‘—––Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡–‘„‡…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•‡†„›s Ž‘™ •…‹‡–‹ˆ‹…’”‘†—…–‹‘át –Š‡—‡˜‡’”‘†—…–‹‘™‹–Š”‡‰ƒ”†–‘…‡”–ƒ‹ ‹•æ •—‡•ƒ†”‡‰‹‘•áu –Š‡Žƒ–‡•–ƒ”–‘ˆ–Š‡•…‹‡–‹ˆ‹…ƒ†”‡•‡ƒ”…Šƒ…–‹˜‹–‹‡•á v –Š‡ †‡…‘–‡š–—ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ •–—†‹‡• ƒ† –Š‡ •–”‘‰ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡ ˆ”‘ ‡•–‡”…‘—–”‹‡•áw –Š‡’”‘†—…–‹‘„ƒ•‡†‘‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ‹‹–‹ƒ–‹˜‡•‘”Ž‹––Ž‡ …‘–‹—‹–›áx –Š‡Žƒ…‘ˆ…‘•‡•—•‘”–”ƒ‹‹‰ƒ‘‰”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡”•‹ –Š‡ ”‡‰‹‘áƒ†y –Š‡…‘†—…–‘ˆ‹˜‡•–‹‰ƒ–‹‘•„›ˆ‘”‡‹‰”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡”•ä ‡…‡á ‘‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ …ŠƒŽŽ‡‰‡• ‘ˆ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š ‹ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒá ƒ……‘”†‹‰–‘‡×trrt á‹•ã ˜‡”…‘‹‰–Š‡†‡…ƒ†‡––‡†‡…›–‘†‡•…”‹„‡…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘•–—†‹‡•ƒ• ƒ •‹‰Ž‡†‹•…‹’Ž‹‡ƒ†–‘…”‡ƒ–‡ƒ‰”‘™‹‰ƒ™ƒ”‡‡••‘ˆ†‹•…‹’Ž‹ƒ”› ƒ–—”‡á ”‡˜‘Ž—–‹‘‹•‹‰–Š‡™ƒ›•‘ˆƒƒŽ›•‹•ƒ†ƒ’’”‘ƒ…Š‡•–‘–Š‡’”‘†—…–‹‘á †‹•æ •‡‹ƒ–‹‘ƒ†”‡…‡’–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡‡••ƒ‰‡äŠ‡•‡…Šƒ‰‡•á’”‡…‹•‡Ž›áƒ”‡ —æ †‡”Ž›‹‰–Š‡ƒ‹–Š‡‘”‡–‹…ƒŽƒ†…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‹ƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒã …—Ž–—”ƒŽ •–—†‹‡•ä

 …—ƒ†‘”á –Š‡ ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š ‹ ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ …‹‡…‡• Šƒ• ‘– ƒ‹–ƒ‹‡† ƒ –”ƒ†‹–‹‘ –Šƒ– ƒŽŽ‘™• ‹– –‘ Šƒ˜‡ ƒ •‘Ž‹† „ƒ•‹• ‹ –Š‡ ˆ‹‡Ž† ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• •–—æ †‹‡•á Ž‡– ƒŽ‘‡ ”‡‰ƒ”†‹‰ –Š‡ •–—†› ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”‘Ž‡• ƒ† ’”ƒ…–‹…‡• ‘” ƒ––‹–—†‡• ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ä –Š‡‡ƒ”Ž›s{{r•‘ˆŽƒ•–…‡–—”›á–Š‡–‡ƒ‘”‰ƒ‹•‡†„›Šƒ”Ž‡• ä ”‡‡á’”‡•‹†‡–‘ˆ–Š‡ ƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒ ‘—”ƒŽ‹•”‘‰”ƒ á…‘æ †—…–‡†–Š‡•–—†› ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•‹–Š‡†‡•áƒƒ••‡••‡–‘ˆ ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ƒ†

‘—”ƒŽ‹•†—…ƒ–‹‘‹‘Ž‹˜‹ƒá‘Ž‘„‹ƒá…—ƒ†‘”ᇔ—ƒ† ‡‡œ—‡Žƒä

”‡‡á™‹–ŠŠ‹•–‡ƒá•ƒ‹†–Šƒ––Š‡™ƒ–…Š†‘‰”‘Ž‡‘ˆ–Š‡’”‡••‹ …—ƒ†‘” ™ƒ• ƒŽ‘•– ‘æ‡š‹•–‡–á –Šƒ– –Š‡ ƒ˜‡”ƒ‰‡ ™ƒ‰‡• ”‡ƒ‹‡† „‡Ž‘™ Dvrr ƒ ‘–Šá –Šƒ– –Š‡”‡ ™‡”‡ sy •…Š‘‘Ž• ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ‹ …—ƒ†‘”  „‡…ƒ—•‡ …‘ŽŽ‡‰‹ƒŽ‹–› ™ƒ• …‘’—Ž•‘”›á –Šƒ– –Š‡”‡ ™‡”‡ ‘ —‹‘• ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ƒ† –Šƒ––Š‡‡†‹ƒ‘™‡”•™‡”‡™‡ƒŽ–Š›ˆƒ‹Ž‹‡•‘”‰”‘—’•‘ˆ„ƒ• –Š‡ •ƒÀƒ• ˆƒ‹Ž›á ‹Žƒ„ƒ…‘ ‘” –Š‡ „”‘–Š‡”• ‘„‡”–‘ ƒ† ‹ŽŽ‹ƒá ‡–…ä ä —–•–ƒ†‹‰ ‹••—‡• ”‡’‘”–‡† „› –Š‡ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡† Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ‹ –Š‹• ’”‘Œ‡…– ™‡”‡ã –Š‡ Žƒ… ‘ˆ ‹†‡’‡†‡…‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ‡™•”‘‘•á Ž‘™ ™ƒ‰‡• ƒ† ’‘‘” –”ƒ‹‹‰ ‘” ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘ä ˜‡” –Š‡ ’ƒ•– –™‘ †‡…ƒ†‡•á •…‹‡–‹ˆ‹… ’”‘†—…–‹‘ ‹ –Š‹• ƒ”‡ƒ Šƒ• „‡‡ Ž‹‹æ –‡† ƒ† ‘ˆ Ž‹––Ž‡ …‘–‹—‹–›á ”‡•—Ž–‹‰ ‹ ”‡…‡– ›‡ƒ”• ‹ ƒ ‹…”‡ƒ•‡ †—‡ –‘ ‡™ ’—„Ž‹… ’‘Ž‹…‹‡• ƒ† Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹˜‡ ƒ…–‹‘•ä šƒ’Ž‡• •—…Š ƒ• –Š‡ •–—†› ’—æ



„Ž‹•Š‡†‹trsu„›—Àƒ†ƒ”–À‡œtrsuãwsx ‹–‘–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… ’”‘æ ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘ ‹ …—ƒ†‘” …‘…Ž—†‡ –Šƒ– …—””‡–Ž› òŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ‹ …—ƒ†‘” ‹• ‰‘‹‰ –Š”‘—‰Š ƒ †‹ˆˆ‹…—Ž– –‹‡ äääá –Šƒ– –Š‡”‡ ‹• ƒ ’‡”ƒ‡– …‘ˆ”‘–ƒæ –‹‘ „‡–™‡‡ ”‡•‹†‡– ‘””‡ƒ ƒ† –Š‡ ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ ‡†‹ƒ …‘’ƒ‹‡• äääá –Š‡ —‹˜‡”•‹–‹‡• Šƒ˜‡ ‘’–‡† ˆ‘” ƒ ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‹–‡” ƒ† –”ƒ• †‹•…‹’Ž‹ƒ”› ƒæ –—”‡äääᔃ†‹‘‹•‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡Žƒ”‰‡•–•‡…–‘”•‘ˆ–Š‡…‘—–”› äää‘”«–Š‡‘”‡ ™‘””›‹‰Ž› « –Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡ •–‹ŽŽ •‡…–‘”• –Šƒ– ’”‡ˆ‡” –‘ ’”ƒ…–‹…‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ƒ• ƒ –”ƒ†‡‹…—ƒ†‘”óä ƒ‘–Š‡”•–—†›á„ƒ†trsuãsu …‘ˆ‹”‡†–Šƒ–ò–Š‡”‡ ‹• ‘– ƒ› •—ˆˆ‹…‹‡–Ž› …Ž‡ƒ” ’”‘Œ‡…– ‹ …—ƒ†‘” ƒ„‘—– –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• –”ƒ‹‹‰ –Šƒ– ‰‘‡• „‡›‘† –Š‡ ƒ…“—‹•‹–‹‘ ‘ˆ –‡…Š‹…ƒŽ •‹ŽŽ• ƒ† ‘ˆˆ‡”• ˆƒ”攇ƒ…Š‹‰ …‘…‡’–—ƒŽ –‘‘Ž•ä ”‹–‹…ƒŽ –Š‹‹‰ ƒ„‘—– ‡†‹ƒ ‹• ‘– ‡š‡”…‹•‡† „› –Š‡ …‹–‹æ œ‡•Š‹’„—–„›–Š‡’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ’‘™‡”óä

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‹‰—”‡s䐃Ž›•‹•†‹‡•‹‘•‘ˆ–Š‡’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ”‘Ž‡• ‘—”…‡ã”‡’ƒ”‡†„›–Š‡ƒ—–Š‘”ˆ”‘ƒ‹–œ•…Štrry ä

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 ,QWHUYHQWLRQLVPGLPHQVLRQ ‡‰ƒ”†‹‰ –Š‡ ˆ‹”•– †‹‡•‹‘á –Š‡ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡† Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ˜‹‡™ –Š‡•‡Ž˜‡•



ƒ•ƒ…–‹˜‡’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ•ƒŽ–Š‘—‰Šáƒ•™‡Šƒ˜‡•‡‡á‘”‡–ŠƒŠƒŽˆww¨ ƒ”‡ƒ– –Š‡ ’ƒ••‹˜‡ ’‘Ž‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹–‡”˜‡–‹‘‹• †‹‡•‹‘ä Š‹• ’‘•‹–‹‘…‘ˆ‹”• –Šƒ–á †‡•’‹–‡ ƒ••—‹‰ –Šƒ– –Š‡‹” ‹†‡ƒ• ‘” ‘’‹‹‘• •Š‘—Ž† ‘– „‡”‡ˆŽ‡…–‡† ‹ –Š‡‹” ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘á –Š‡‹” †‡‰”‡‡ ‘ˆ …‘‹–‡– ‹• Š‹‰Š ‘” ˜‡”›Š‹‰Š ‹ –Š‡‹” ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ™‘”â ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‹‰ ‹ –Š‡ †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– ‘ˆ –Š‡‹””‡’‘”–‹‰ « ƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š •‘‡–‹‡• •‘‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ …‘ˆ‹” –Šƒ– –Š‡› Šƒ˜‡ –Š‹• …‘‹–‡– ‘Ž› ‹ ‹••—‡• ‘ˆ –Š‡‹” ‹–‡”‡•– « ‹ ƒ òƒ…–‹˜‡ó ™ƒ› ˆ”‘ƒ ‡ˆˆ‡…–‹˜‡ƒ††‹Ž‹‰‡–’‘‹–‘ˆ˜‹‡™ã ò ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•Šƒ˜‡•‡˜‡”ƒŽ”‘Ž‡•ã–Š‡‘•– ‹’‘”–ƒ–á ‹– ‹• –‘ ‹ˆ‘”ä  –Š‹ –Š‡ ”‘Ž‡ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ‹• –‘ ‹†‡–‹ˆ›–Š‡ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘á „—– ‘– Œ—•– –Šƒ– ™Š‹…Š ‹• ‘ –Š‡ ƒ‰‡†ƒá „—– –‘ ‹†‡–‹ˆ› ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘–Šƒ–‹•‘–•‘ ‘„˜‹‘—•ósz 䇐…‡á”‡•’‘†‡–•†‘‘–ƒ••—‡ –Š‡‹” ƒ…–‹˜‡ ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‹‘ ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ’‘‹– ‘ˆ ˜‹‡™ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡š‡”…‹•‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”‘Ž‡ ‘ˆ Žƒ™›‡” ‘” ‹–‡”˜‡–‹‘‹•–á „—– ™‹–Š –Š‡ …‘‹–‡– –‘ –Š‡‹” ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘á –Š‡ ‡™• ‡˜‡–• ƒ† –Š‡ †‹••‡‹ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡•‡ã òsrr¨ –‘ ˆ‹”•– ˆ‹‹•Š –Š‡ ƒ••‹‰‡– ƒ† srr¨ ‘”‡ …‘‹–‡– –‘ „”‹‰ –Š‡ –”—–Š ƒ† –”› –‘ ’—æ „Ž‹•Š –Š‡ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ• ‹– •Š‘—Ž†á ™‹–Š‘—– Ž‹‡• ‘” †‡…‘–‡š–—ƒŽ‹•‡†ó w â ò‡”•‘ƒŽŽ› ‹– ‹• ™Šƒ– ‘˜‡• ‡á ˆ‘” ‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ‹• ‘– ƒ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘á ‹– ‹• ƒ Ž‹ˆ‡•–›Ž‡ ƒ† ™Š‡‡˜‡”  ™‘” ‘ ƒ ‹••—‡  ƒ ƒ™ƒ”‡ ‘ˆ ™Šƒ–  ™ƒ– –‘ƒ…Š‹‡˜‡–Š”‘—‰Š‹–ósx ä

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”ƒ’Š‹… uä ”‘ ›‘—” ’‘‹–‘ˆ ˜‹‡™á ™Šƒ– ‹•–Š‡ ‘•– ‹’‘”–ƒ– ”‘Ž‡‘ˆƒŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹…—ƒ†‘”늑—Ž†Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ƒ…–ƒ•™ƒ–…Š†‘‰•‘ˆ ’‘™‡”ë ‘—”…‡ã”‡’ƒ”‡†„›–Š‡ƒ—–Š‘”•ä

Š‡ ”‡•—Ž–• ƒ…Š‹‡˜‡† ‘ –Š‡ ’ƒ”ƒ†‹‰ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ƒ• ƒ òˆ‘—”–Š ’‘™‡”ó ‹• ƒ ”‡ˆŽ‡…–‹‘‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒ„‘˜‡ ”‡•’‘•‡•á‘– „‡‹‰ ƒ „”‘ƒ† …‘•‡•—• ‹ –Šƒ– ”‡‰ƒ”†äŽ‘•–ŠƒŽˆ‘ˆ–Š‘•‡‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡†vw¨ ƒ…‘™Ž‡†‰‡–Šƒ––Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ Šƒ˜‡—†‡‹ƒ„Ž‡’‘™‡”ზŽ‡ƒ•–ˆƒ…–—ƒŽâu{¨–Šƒ–Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹••Š‘—Ž†‘–ƒ…– ƒ• ƒ ˆ‘—”–Š ’‘™‡”á ƒ† ‘Ž› sr¨ †‡…”‡‡• –Šƒ– –Š‡› ƒ”‡ä ˆ –Š‡ ”‡•—Ž–• ƒ”‡ ‘„•‡”˜‡† ƒ– ƒ ‰”‘—’ Ž‡˜‡Žá „ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡ ƒˆˆ‹‹–› „‡–™‡‡ –Š‡ ”‡•’‘•‡•á ‹– ‹• •Š‘™ –Šƒ– –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡†á ˆ‘” –Š‡ ‘•– ’ƒ”–á ƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š –Š‡› ƒ”‡ ƒ™ƒ”‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’‘™‡” ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒá ƒ††”‡•• ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ’”ƒ…–‹…‡ ˆ”‘ ƒ •–ƒ†’‘‹– ‘ˆ ”‡•’‘•‹„‹Ž‹–› –‘™ƒ”†• –Š‡ …‹–‹œ‡•Š‹’ ƒ† ‘– ˆ”‘ ƒ Œ—†‰‡æ ‡–ƒŽ ’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡ã ò – •Š‘—Ž† ‘– „‡ …ƒŽŽ‡† –Š‹• ˆ‘—”–Š ’‘™‡” „‡…ƒ—•‡ ‹– ‹• •‹’Ž› ƒ ™‘” ƒ––ƒ…Š‡† ƒ• …Ž‘•‡Ž› ƒ• ’‘••‹„Ž‡ –‘ ”‡ƒŽ‹–›ä ‘– ™Šƒ– ‹• —æ †‡”•–‘‘†ƒ•–Š‡ˆ‘—”–Š’‘™‡”Ž‹‡†–‘ƒ‹’—Žƒ–‹‘ósv âòŠ‡‡†‹ƒƒ”‡ ƒ ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ƒ ˆ‘” ‘ˆ ’‘™‡”ä Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ †‘ ‘– •‡‡ ’‘™‡”á ‘” •‡‡ „‡‹‰ ƒ‰ƒ‹•–ƒ ‘˜‡”‡– äääá ”ƒ–Š‡”–Š‹ ‹– ‹• ƒ …‘—–‡”™‡‹‰Š–á–Šƒ– ‹•á –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ƒŽŽ‘™ ›‘— –‘ ‰‹˜‡ –Š‡ •‘…‹‡–› ƒ †‡‘…”ƒ–‹… „ƒŽƒ…‡ –‘ –Š‡ ‡š–‡– –Š‡› ƒ”‡ ™ƒ–…Š‹‰á –Š‡› ƒ”‡ ƒ—†‹–‹‰á –Š‡› ƒ”‡ ’—„Ž‹•Š‹‰ –Š‹‰•ó tu ä



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”ƒ’Š‹…vä‘›‘—–Š‹–Š‡‡†‹ƒ•Š‘—Ž†ƒ…–ƒ•–Š‡ˆ‘—”–Š ’‘™‡”ë ‘—”…‡ã”‡’ƒ”‡†„›–Š‡ƒ—–Š‘”•ä

 0DUNHWRULHQWDWLRQ GLPHQVLRQ ‡‰ƒ”†‹‰ –Š‹• †‹‡•‹‘á ‘•– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡‡• Šƒ˜‡ ƒ Š‹‰Š •‡•‡ ‘ˆ •‘…‹ƒŽ ”‡•’‘•‹„‹Ž‹–›á „‡…ƒ—•‡ –Š‡› ’‡”…‡‹˜‡ ’‡‘’Ž‡‘”‡ ƒ• …‹–‹œ‡• –Šƒƒ• ƒ—†‹‡…‡â…‘‘’‡”…‡’–‹‘ƒ‘‰”‡•’‘†‡–•‘ˆ’—„Ž‹…á…‘—‹–›ƒ† ’”‹˜ƒ–‡‡†‹ƒ«™‹–Š–Š‡•—„–Ž‡—ƒ…‡–Šƒ– –Š‡Žƒ––‡”‰‹˜‡ ‰”‡ƒ–‡”˜ƒŽ—‡ –‘ ƒ”‡– ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š ƒ† –‘ –Š‡ –ƒ”‰‡– ƒ—†‹‡…‡ä ‘”‡–Šƒ–Š”‡‡“—ƒ”–‡”•yy¨ ‘ˆ–Š‡‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡†Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•–Š‹–Šƒ––Š‡› ‘™ ƒ„‘—– ‘” Šƒ˜‡ ƒ …Ž‡ƒ” ’‹…–—”‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡‹” ƒ—†‹‡…‡ ƒ† ƒ‘–Š‡”“—ƒ”–‡” tu¨  ƒ†‹– –Šƒ– –Š‹• ‘™Ž‡†‰‡ ‹• ‹’‘”–ƒ– ™Š‡ ƒ‹‰ –Š‡‹”™‘”ä Š‡•‡ ”‡•—Ž–• ‹†‹…ƒ–‡ –Šƒ– ”‡•’‘†‡–•™‘—Ž† „‡ •—„‘”†‹ƒ–‡ –‘–Š‡ ‡‡†• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒ”‡–ä ‘™‡˜‡”á ˆ”‘ –Š‡ …‘–‡š–—ƒŽ ƒƒŽ›•‹• ‘ˆ –Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ ‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘”á ‹–™ƒ• ˆ‘—†–Šƒ– –Š‡ –‡†‡…› –‘‹†‡–‹ˆ›–Š‡‹”ƒ—†‹‡…‡ …‘‡•ˆ”‘–Š‡‹”‹–‡”‡•–‹–Š‡ƒ• ò…‹–‹œ‡•ó«ƒ–Ž‡ƒ•––‘‘”ƒ–‹˜‡ Ž‡˜‡Žä ‡•’‹–‡–Š‹•á”‡•’‘•‡•ˆ”‘Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•™‘”‹‰‹–Š‡’—„Ž‹…‡†‹ƒ‹†‹…ƒ–‡ –Šƒ–á †‡•’‹–‡ Šƒ˜‹‰ ‹ ‹† ƒ ‹ƒ‰‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡‹” ”‡ƒ†‡”• ‘” ˜‹‡™‡”•á Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ƒŽ•‘ ƒ‹–ƒ‹ ƒ ‰‡‡”ƒŽ‹•– ’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡ã ò‘—•‡™‹˜‡•á ’ƒ”‡–•á ›‘—–Šá ‡–…äá ‘”†‹ƒ”› …‹–‹œ‡•ó ss â ò‹–‹œ‡•Š‹’ ‹• ’ƒ”– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ’”‘…‡••â –Š‡› ƒ”‡ ’”‹ƒ”‹Ž› ‹˜‘Ž˜‡† ‹ ‘—” ™‘”ó x â ò  Šƒ˜‡ ƒ ’‹…–—”‡ ‘ˆ › ƒ—†‹‡…‡–Šƒ– ƒŽ™ƒ›• ™ƒ–•–‘ „‡ ‹ˆ‘”‡†á –Šƒ– ™ƒ–• –‘ ‘™™Šƒ– ‹• Šƒ’’‡‹‰ó sy ä ‡ƒ™Š‹Ž‡á Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ™‘”‹‰ ‹ ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ ‡†‹ƒ †‘ Šƒ˜‡ ƒ …‘…”‡–‡ ‹ƒ‰‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡‹” ƒ—†‹‡…‡ „ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡ ƒ”‡– ‡‡†•ã ò‡•–—†›



‘—” ƒ—†‹‡…‡á ™‡ ‘™ ˆ‘” ™Š‘ ™‡ ™”‹–‡á ™‡ ‘™ ™Šƒ– –Š‡› ƒ”‡ Ž‹‡á –Š‡ ƒ˜‡”ƒ‰‡ ƒ‰‡á –Š‡ ’—”…Šƒ•‹‰ ’‘™‡” –Š‡› Šƒ˜‡â ™‡ Šƒ˜‡ •‘…‹‘‡…‘‘‹… ƒ† ƒ•’‹”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ –›’‡ •–—†‹‡• åä ‘ ™‡ †‘ Šƒ˜‡ ƒ ’‹…–—”‡ ‘ˆ ˆ‘” ™Š‘ ™‡ ™”‹–‡ótt ä ‘™‹‰‘—” ƒ—†‹‡…‡‹• ‹’‘”–ƒ– ™Š‡ƒ‹‰ –Š‡‡™• tu¨

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”ƒ’Š‹…w䊇›‘—™”‹–‡‘”‡š’‘•‡ƒ•–‘”›á†‘›‘— Šƒ˜‡ ƒ•’‡…‹ˆ‹…‹ƒ‰‡‘ˆ›‘—”ƒ—†‹‡…‡ëŠƒ– ‹ƒ‰‡ë ‘—”…‡ã”‡’ƒ”‡†„›–Š‡ƒ—–Š‘”•ä

 ƒ††‹–‹‘ –‘ –Š‡ ’‡”…‡’–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹ƒ‰‡ –Šƒ– ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡† Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• Šƒ˜‡‘ˆ–Š‡‹”ƒ—†‹‡…‡á–Š‡‹’‘”–ƒ…‡–Š‡›‰‹˜‡–‘–Š‡‹”‡‡†•ƒ† ˆ‡ƒ”• ‹•ƒƒŽ›•‡†äŠ‡‡ƒ‹‰‘ˆòˆ‡ƒ”󙃕ƒ…‘–”‘˜‡”•‹ƒŽ’‘‹–„‡…ƒ—•‡ ”‡•æ ’‘†‡–•ƒ••—‡‹––‘„‡–Š‡ƒ„‹Ž‹–›‘”’”‘’‡•‹–›–‘…”‡ƒ–‡•‘…‹ƒŽƒŽƒ”ã ò ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• •Š‘—Ž† ‘– ‰‡‡”ƒ–‡ ˆ‡ƒ”á –Š‡› •Š‘—Ž† „‡ ’”‘ƒ…–‹˜‡á ’‘•‹–‹˜‡á Š‘’‡ˆ—Žó{ âò•ˆ‘”–Š‡ˆ‡ƒ”•á›‡•á …ƒ”‡–‘‘—…Šƒ„‘—–‘–‰‡‡”ƒ–‹‰ •‡•ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‹•óur ä ‘™‡˜‡”á ”‡‰ƒ”†‹‰ –Š‡ ”‡…‘‰‹–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡‡†• ‘ˆ –Š‡‹” ’—„Ž‹…á –Š”‡‡ “—ƒ”–‡”•‘ˆ”‡•’‘†‡–•yy¨ …‘•‹†‡”–Š‹•ƒ•–Š‡‘•–‹’‘”–ƒ–ƒ•’‡…– ‘ˆ –Š‡‹” ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ”‘Ž‡á ƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š ™‹–Š‘—– „‡‹‰ ˆ—†ƒ‡–ƒŽ ƒ† †‡æ ’‡†‹‰‘–Š‡…‹”…—•–ƒ…‡•ä–Š‡‘–Š‡”Šƒ†áƒŽ‘•–‘‡ˆ‹ˆ–Šs{¨  ”‡…‘‰‹•‡•‘––ƒ‡ƒ……‘—–‘ˆ–Š‹•‘”†‘‡•‘–…‘•‹†‡”‹–‹’‘”–ƒ–䊇•‡ ”‡•—Ž–• …‘ˆ‹” –Š‡ –‡†‡…› ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒŒ‘”‹–› ‘ˆ ”‡•’‘†‡–• –‘ †‡ˆ‹‡ –Š‡‹” ’”‘ˆ‡•‹‘ƒŽ ”‘Ž‡ „ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡‹” •‘…‹ƒŽ ”‡•’‘•‹„‹Ž‹–›ã ò‡ ‘ˆ ‘—” ’”‡‹•‡• ‹• –Š‡ ’‘‹– ‘ˆ „‡‹‰ ”‡•’‘•‹„Ž‡ –‘ •‘…‹‡–›á –‘ ’”‘˜‹†‡ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– …‘–‡–•ó sr âò‡ƒ”‡‹–‡”‡•–‡†‹–Š‡‡‡†•‘ˆ‘—”ƒ—†‹‡…‡•ä‡–”›–‘‡•—”‡ –Šƒ– ƒ—†‹‡…‡•…ƒƒ‡†‡…‹•‹‘•á…ƒ„‡‹ˆ‘”‡†á„‡‡–‡”–ƒ‹‡†ƒ†ˆ‡‡Ž’ƒ”– ‘ˆƒ…‘—‹–›ótt ä



Š‡‹’‘”–ƒ…‡‘ˆƒ”‡–”‡•‡ƒ”…Šƒ†–ƒ”‰‡–ƒ—†‹‡…‡ˆ‘”–Š‡‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡† Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ˆŽ—…–—ƒ–‡• ƒ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ –Š‡ ‘™‡”•Š‹’ ‘ˆ ‡†‹ƒ ™Š‡”‡–Š‡› ™‘”â ”‡ˆŽ‡…–‹‰ ƒ –‡†‡…› ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ™‘”‹‰ ‹ –Š‡ ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ ‡†‹ƒ –‘ •‡‡ –Š‡‹” ƒ—†‹‡…‡ ƒ• …‘•—‡”•á •Š‘™‹‰ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ƒ• •—„•‹†‹ƒ”‹‡•‘ˆ ‡…‘‘‹…’‡”ˆ‘”ƒ…‡ãò ƒ’”‹˜ƒ–‡‡†‹ƒ–Š‹•‹•‡••‡–‹ƒŽá™‡‡ƒ•—”‡–Š‡ „‡Šƒ˜‹‘—” ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒ—†‹‡…‡á •…Š‡†—Ž‡•á ”ƒ–‹‰•á …‡”–ƒ‹ ˆ”‡“—‡…‹‡• ƒŽ•‘ä‘‹– ‹• ˆ—†ƒ‡–ƒŽã ™‡ ™‘” ˆ‘” –Š‡ ƒ† †‡’‡† ‘ –Š‡ó st â ò‡ ƒ”‡‹ ƒ ‰Ž‘„ƒŽ‹•‡† ™‘”Ž†á ƒ ™‘”Ž† ™Š‡”‡ …‘•—’–‹‘ ‹• Šƒ†Ž‡†â ‹– †‡ˆ‹‹–‡Ž›Šƒ•ƒ ˆ—†ƒ‡–ƒŽ‹’‘”–ƒ…‡ótv âò –Š‹‹–‹•‹’‘”–ƒ–‹‘”†‡”–‘‘™ –Š‡ …‘•—‡”•á –‘ ‘™ –Š‡‹” ’”‘ˆ‹Ž‡ ƒ† •‘ –‘ ’”‘’‡”Ž› •–”—…–—”‡–Š‡ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘™‡‡‡†óty ä  –Š‡ ’—„Ž‹… ‡†‹ƒá ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡† ”‡…‘‰‹•‡† …‡”–ƒ‹ ‹’‘”–ƒ…‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒ”‡– ƒ† –Š‡ ƒ—†‹‡…‡á ƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š –Š‡•‡ †‘ ‘– †‡–‡”‹‡ –Š‡ …‘–‡–• ‹ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒä ‘”‡‘˜‡”á –Š‹• ƒ•’‡…– ‹• ’‡”…‡‹˜‡† ƒ• ƒ ƒ†˜ƒ–ƒ‰‡ ‘˜‡” ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ ‡†‹ƒ …‘ŽŽ‡ƒ‰—‡•ã ò  –Š‡ ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ ‡†‹ƒ  –Š‹ –Šƒ– ƒ”‡– ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š• ƒ”‡ ‘”‡ †‡–‡”‹ƒ–• †—‡ –‘ ƒ†˜‡”–‹•‹‰ä  ’—„Ž‹… –‡Ž‡˜‹•‹‘á ™‡ —†‡”•–ƒ† –Šƒ–™‡ƒ”‡ƒŽŽ‡“—ƒŽƒ†–Šƒ–‹–Š‡‡†™‡ƒŽŽ‡‡†–‘„‡™‡ŽŽ‹ˆ‘”‡†äää „‡Ž‹‡˜‡–Šƒ–‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘•Š‘—Ž†„‡ƒ•†‡‘…”ƒ–‹…ƒ•’‘••‹„Ž‡ó{ âò‡†‘‘– •‡ŽŽá ‹– ™‘—Ž† „‡ ™”‘‰ ‹ˆ ™‡ ƒƒŽ›•‡ –Š‡ ƒ”‡–ä Š‡ –ƒ”‰‡– ƒ—†‹‡…‡‹•–Š‡ …‘‘…‹–‹œ‡ós{ ä  ‡› ƒ•’‡…– ˆ‘—† ‹ –Š‡ ”‡•—Ž–• ™ƒ• –Š‡ …‘ˆ‹”ƒ–‹‘ –Šƒ– •‘‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡† Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ƒ••—‡ ƒ ’‘•‹–‹‘ ”ƒ†‹…ƒŽŽ› †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ˆ”‘ –Š‡‹” ‡†‹ƒã ò  –Š‡ ‡™•’ƒ’‡” –Š‡› ‰‹˜‡ ‹– ‡‘—‰Š ‹’‘”–ƒ…‡ä ‘– ‡á  †‘ ‘– –Š‹ ™‡ •Š‘—Ž† ‰‹˜‡ •‘ —…Š ‹’‘”–ƒ…‡ –‘ ™Šƒ– ‹– ‹• „‡‹‰ •‘Ž†ó ts â ò  †‘‘––Š‹ ‰‹˜‡‹–ƒŽ‘–‘ˆ‹’‘”–ƒ…‡ä‘‡–‹‡•Š‡”‡™‡†‘™‘”•Š‘’• ™Šƒ– –Š‡ ƒ”‡– ‹• Ž‹‡á ™Šƒ– –Š‡ ”‡ƒ†‡”•Š‹’ ‹• Ž‹‡á ™Šƒ– –Š‡ —„‡”• ‘ˆ …Ž‹…• ƒ† ”ƒ–‹‰ ƒ”‡ ƒ† •‘ ƒ› –Š‹‰•á „—– •‘‡–‹‡•  †‘ ‘– ‰‹˜‡ –‘‘ —…Š‹’‘”–ƒ…‡ótw ä ‡‰ƒ”†‹‰ –Š‡ ‘’’‘”–—‹–›á –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•– Šƒ• –‘ ‘–‹˜ƒ–‡ –Š‡ ƒ—†‹‡…‡• –‘ ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ †‹•…—••‹‘ ƒ† …‹˜‹… ƒ…–‹˜‹–‹‡•á ƒ† –Š‡ ‹’‘”–ƒ…‡ ‰‹˜‡ –‘ –Š‹• ƒ•’‡…–á –Š‡ ”‡•—Ž–• •Š‘™ –Šƒ– ‹– ‹• •‡‡ ƒ• ƒ ƒŒ‘” ˆƒ…–‘” ys¨ á ™‹–Š zs¨ ‹†‡–‹ˆ›‹‰ ‹– ƒ• Šƒ˜‹‰ ƒ Ž‘– ‘ˆ ‹’‘”–ƒ…‡ä ‘ ‡˜‡ ‹ˆá ƒ– ˆ‹”•–á ”‡•’‘†‡–• …Žƒ‹–Šƒ––Š‡‹”ƒ‹”‘Ž‡‹•„‡‹‰ƒ†‹ˆˆ—•‡”ƒ†‹’ƒ”–‹ƒŽ«ƒ‹–ƒ‹‹‰ƒ–ƒŽŽ –‹‡• –Š‡‹” ‡—–”ƒŽ …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”á –Š‡ ƒ•™‡”• ‹ –Š‹• •‡…–‹‘ …‘ˆ‹”–Šƒ–á ‹ ƒ††‹–‹‘á –Š‡› ƒ…– ƒ• ‘„‹Ž‹•‡”• « –Š‘—‰Š ƒ˜‘‹†‹‰ –Š‡ ƒ‹’—Žƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ‹†‡‘Ž‘‰‹œƒ–‹‘ « ‘ˆ –Š‡‹” ƒ—†‹‡…‡á …‘•‹†‡”‡† ƒ• …‹–‹œ‡• „› –Š‡ã ò  ƒ



”‡’‘”–ƒ‰‡™Šƒ–•Š‘—Ž†„‡†‘‡‹•–‘‹ˆ‘”ƒ†á‹ˆ‹–‹•’‘••‹„Ž‡á–‘’”‘’‘•‡ ƒŽ–‡”ƒ–‹˜‡•ä  †‘ ‘– ‘™ ‹ˆ –Š‡ ˆƒ…– ‘ˆ ‘–‹˜ƒ–‹‰ ™‘—Ž† „‡ ‹˜‘Ž˜‡† ‹ –Š‡ ˆƒ…– ‘ˆ –ƒ‹‰ ’ƒ”– ‹ ƒ …‡”–ƒ‹ ‹†‡‘Ž‘‰› ‘” ‹ ‰‡––‹‰ ‹–‘ ƒ‹’—Žƒ–‹‘ó z â òŠ‡ ‰‘ƒŽ ‹• –‘ ƒ…Š‹‡˜‡ ‹˜‘Ž˜‡‡–á –‘ ”‡ƒ…Š ƒ ƒ…–‹˜‡ ƒ—†‹‡…‡ –Šƒ– …‘—‹…ƒ–‡•á –Šƒ– ‡š’”‡••‡• –Š‡‹” …‘…‡”• äää –Šƒ– ˆ‡‡Ž• ‘”‡ ƒ…–‹˜‡ƒ† ‘”‡ ‹ˆ‘”‡†ó sz â ò  –Š‹ ƒ• ƒ ‡†‹ƒ ™‡ …ƒ ƒ† —•– ‡…‘—”ƒ‰‡ …‹–‹œ‡• –‘ ‰‡– ‹˜‘Ž˜‡† ‹ –Š‹‰• ‘ˆ ‡…‘Ž‘‰›á …‹–›á ™ƒ–‡” åä ‡—•– ‘– …ƒŽŽ‘…‹–‹œ‡•–‘†‡‘•–”ƒ–‡ƒ‰ƒ‹•––Š‹•‘”–Šƒ–’‘Ž‹–‹…‹ƒ‘”ƒ‰ƒ‹•––Š‹•‘” –Šƒ–Žƒ™ótx 䊇ƒ•™‡”•’‘‹–ᇘ‡á–‘ƒ”‡•’‘•‹„‹Ž‹–›–‘™ƒ”†•…‹–‹œ‡•ã ò‡„‡Ž‹‡˜‡–Šƒ–ƒŽŽ–Š‹•‘‹–‘”‹‰á–Š‹•‹˜‘Ž˜‡‡–‹ ’—„Ž‹…ƒƒ‰‡‡–‹• ‘– •‘‡–Š‹‰ –Šƒ– …‘…‡”• ‘Ž› –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ „—– ‡•—”‡• –Šƒ– …‹–‹œ‡• ƒŽ•‘ ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‡ósu ä

”ƒ’Š‹… xä ‘ ›‘— –Š‹ ƒ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•– •Š‘—Ž† ‡…‘—”ƒ‰‡ –Š‡ ƒ—†‹‡…‡ –‘ ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‡ ‹ …‹˜‹… ƒ…–‹˜‹–‹‡• ƒ† ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ †‹•…—••‹‘ë ‘—”…‡ã”‡’ƒ”‡†„›–Š‡ƒ—–Š‘”•ä

”‡Žƒ–‹‘–‘–Š‡‹†‡ƒ–Šƒ––Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡†Šƒ˜‡‘–Š‡”‘Ž‡ ‘ˆ ‡–‡”–ƒ‹‡–‡†‹ƒ‹…—ƒ†‘”á–Š‡”‡‹•‘…‘•‡•—•«’”‘‘ˆ‘ˆ–Šƒ–‹• –Šƒ–‹–‹•–Š‡’‘‹–‘ˆƒƒŽ›•‹•–Šƒ–‰‡‡”ƒ–‡†ƒ‰”‡ƒ–‡”†‹˜‡”•‹–›‘ˆ”‡•’‘æ •‡•äŠ‡‘’‹‹‘•ˆ‘—†ˆ”‘–Š‡”‡•’‘†‡–••Š‘™ã s  –Š‡‘‡Šƒ†áƒŽ‘•–ƒ“—ƒ”–‡”tu¨ „‡Ž‹‡˜‡–Šƒ–‹–‹•ƒ™‘””›‹‰’Š‡æ ‘‡‘ã òŠƒ– ‹• ƒ ‹†‹…ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’‘‘” “—ƒŽ‹–› ‘ˆ ‘—” Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ä ‘ –”‹˜‹ƒŽ‹•‡ –Š‡ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘á ’Žƒ›‹‰ †‘™ –Š‡ …‘–‡–•ä –‡”–ƒ‹‡– ‹• ‡æ …‡••ƒ”› ƒ†  –Š‹ ™‡ •Š‘—Ž† †‹•…—•• ™Šƒ– ‹† ‘ˆ ‡–‡”–ƒ‹‡– ™‡ ‡‡† –‘ Šƒ˜‡ ‹ …—ƒ†‘” ƒ† –Š‡ ™‘”Ž†ó ur â òŠ‡ ‘‘’‘Ž› ’”‡˜‡–• —• ˆ”‘ ‘™‹‰ ™Šƒ– –Š‡ –”—‡ ”‡ƒŽ‹–› ‘ˆ Ž‹ˆ‡ ‹ –Š‡ …‘—–”› ‹•ä ˆ …‘—”•‡ ™‡ —•– 

’ƒ› ƒ––‡–‹‘ –‘ ‹–ó s{ â ò – ‹• ™‘””›‹‰ –Šƒ– –Š‡”‡ ‹• ƒ ‘‘’‘Ž› ‹ –‡”• ‘ˆ ™Šƒ– ’‡‘’Ž‡ ƒ”‡ ƒ––”ƒ…–‡† –‘ ˆ‘” ‡–‡”–ƒ‹‡–ä – •Š‘—Ž† „‡ •‘‡–Š‹‰ ’Ž—”ƒŽá •‘‡–Š‹‰ ™‹–Š ™Š‹…Š –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ƒŽ•‘ –”› –‘ ‹ˆ‘” –Š‡ …‹–‹œ‡•Š‹’ –Š”‘—‰Š‡–‡”–ƒ‹‡–ó z ä –Š‡‘–Š‡”Šƒ†áƒˆ‹ˆ–Šs{¨ •ƒ›•–Š‡”‡‹•‘‘‘’‘Ž›‘”–Šƒ– ‡–‡”–ƒ‹æ ‡– ‹• Œ—•– ‘‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ˆ—…–‹‘• ‘ˆ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ã òŠƒ– ‹• –Š‡ ‘‘’‘Ž›ë Š‡”‡ ‹• ‡–‡”–ƒ‹‡– ƒ† –Š‡ ‡–‡”–ƒ‹‡– ƒƒ‰‡‡– „› …‡”–ƒ‹ ‡†‹ƒä – ‹• ˜‡”› †‹ˆˆ‹…—Ž– –‘ –ƒŽ ƒ„‘—– ‘‘’‘Ž›á ’‡”Šƒ’• ƒ …‡”–ƒ‹ …‘…‡–”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ‡–‡”–ƒ‹‡–ósu âò –Š‹‹–‡–‡”–ƒ‹‡–‹• „‡–™‡‡ –Š‡’”‡Œ—†‹…‡•†‹•…—••‡† ‹…—ƒ†‘”ᙊ‡•’‡ƒ‹‰ ‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ‹–‹•–Š‡ •—„Œ‡…– ‘ˆ ‘‘’‘Ž›ä  …—ƒ†‘” –Š‡”‡ ‹• ƒ ™‹†‡ ˜ƒ”‹‡–› ‘ˆ ’”‘’‘•ƒŽ•ósz â ò‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”‘Ž‡• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ‹• –‘ ‡–‡”–ƒ‹ä  †‘ ‘– –Š‹ ‹– ‹• ƒ ‡–‡”–ƒ‹‡–‘‘’‘Ž›ósw âò †‘‘–‘™‹ˆ–Š‡”‹‰Š–™‘”†‹• ‘‘’‘Ž›ä –‡”–ƒ‹‡– •Š‘—Ž† „‡ ”‡…‘‰‹•‡† ƒ• ƒ Š—ƒ ‡‡†á ‹– •Š‘—Ž† ‡–‡”–ƒ‹á –Š‡ ™ƒ› –Š‡ ‡–‡”–ƒ‹‡– ‹• ƒ†‡ —•– „‡ …Š‡…‡†á ‹– •Š‘—Ž† „‡ ”‡•’‘•‹æ „Ž‡ƒ†—•–‘–˜‹‘Žƒ–‡”‹‰Š–•ä—ƒ„‡‹‰•‡‡†–‘„‡‡–‡”–ƒ‹‡†á–Š‡á –Š‡› …ƒ‘– „‡ ƒŽŽ –Š‡ –‹‡ ‡†—…ƒ–‹‰ –Š‡•‡Ž˜‡•ˆó tu ä t  Š‡”‡ƒ”‡–™‘†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–’‘•‹–‹‘•™‹–Š–Š‡•ƒ‡’‡”…‡–ƒ‰‡ä ‘‡•‹†‡á –Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡ –Š‘•‡ ™Š‘ „‡Ž‹‡˜‡ –Šƒ– ‡†—…ƒ–‹‘ •Š‘—Ž† „‡ ’”‹‘”‹–‹•‡† ‹•–‡ƒ† ‘ˆ ‡–‡”–ƒ‹‡–sx¨ ãò‡—†‡”•–ƒ†–Šƒ–‡–‡”–ƒ‹‡–‹•‹’‘”–ƒ–„—–™‡ Šƒ˜‡–‘Ž‘‘ˆ‘”“—ƒŽ‹–›ƒ†„‡Ž‹‡˜‡–Šƒ–’”‘†—…–•„—‹Ž–ˆ”‘’—„Ž‹…–‡Ž‡˜‹•‹‘ Šƒ˜‡ –‘ „‡ ‡–‡”–ƒ‹‹‰ „—– ™‹–Š “—ƒŽ‹–›ó v â ò‡Ž‡˜‹•‹‘ ‡‡– –Š”‡‡ …‘†‹–‹‘•‹‘”†‡”–‘ˆ—…–‹‘á–Šƒ–‹•ã–‘‹ˆ‘”á–‘‡–‡”–ƒ‹ ƒ†–‘ ‡†—…ƒ–‡ä ˆ –Šƒ– „Ž‡†• ™‡ŽŽ ™‹–Š‹ –Š‡ ’”‘‰”ƒ •…Š‡†—Ž‡ ‘” ‹ ’”‹–‡†ƒ”‡ƒ•á ˆ‹‡â –Š‡ ’”‘„Ž‡ ‹• ™Š‡ ›‘— •–ƒ”– –‘ ‰‹˜‡ ‘”‡ ‹–‡”‡•– –‘ ‘–Š‡”ƒ”‡ƒ•ósr ä  –Š‡ ‘–Š‡” Šƒ†á –Š‘•‡ ™Š‘ „‡Ž‹‡˜‡ ‹– •Š‘—Ž† „‡ –Š‡ ƒ—†‹‡…‡ ™Š‘ †‡æ …‹†‡•sx¨ ãò †‘‘––Š‹–Š‡”‡‹•ƒ‘‘’‘Ž›á„‡…ƒ—•‡–Š‡’—„Ž‹…Šƒ•–Š‡ ‘’–‹‘ –‘ …Šƒ‰‡ …Šƒ‡Ž• ƒ– Ž‡ƒ•–ä  –Š‹ ™‡ •Š‘—Ž† ‘– ’ƒ› ƒ––‡–‹‘ –‘ –Š‹• ’Š‡‘‡‘ó t{ â ò‡•á –Š‡”‡ •Š‘—Ž† „‡ ƒ ˜ƒ”‹‡–› ‘ˆ “—ƒŽ‹–› ’”‘‰”ƒ• ˆ‘”’‡‘’Ž‡–‘…Š‘‘•‡•‘‡–Š‹‰„‡––‡”ᐑ–™‘”•‡ä‘‡–‹‡•‹–‰‘‡•ˆ‘”›‘—–‘ „—›ƒ†•‡ŽŽ‘”‡â‹–‹•Œ—•–ƒ‡…‘‘‹…ƒ––‡”‘ˆ–Š‡ ‡†‹ƒóus ä



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”ƒ’Š‹… yä Šƒ– †‘ ›‘— –Š‹ ƒ„‘—– –Š‡ ‡–‡”–ƒ‹‡– ò‘‘’‘Ž›ó ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒë Š‘—Ž† ™‡ ’ƒ› ƒ––‡–‹‘ –‘ –Š‹• ’Š‡‘‡‘ ‘” ‘–ë ‘—”…‡ã”‡’ƒ”‡†„›–Š‡ƒ—–Š‘”•ä

&RQFOXVLRQV ‹”•–Ž›á –Š‡ ”‡•—Ž–• ‹†‹…ƒ–‡ –Šƒ– –Š‡ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡† …—ƒ†‘”‹ƒ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ’‡”…‡‹˜‡–Š‡•‡Ž˜‡•ƒ•‡—–”ƒŽƒ†–”—‡’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ•™Š‘•‡’”‹ƒ”›‹•æ •‹‘‹•–‘‡‡’–Š‡’—„Ž‹…‹ˆ‘”‡†äŠ‹•’—–•–Š‡‹–Š‡’ƒ••‹˜‡’‘Ž‡‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹–‡”˜‡–‹‘ †‹‡•‹‘â „‡‹‰ ‹†‡–‹ˆ‹‡† ™‹–Š –Š‡ ”‘Ž‡ ‘ˆ †‹ˆˆ—•‡” ‘” ‹’ƒ”–‹ƒŽäŠ‡”‡™‘—Ž†•‡‡–‘„‡ƒ…‘–”ƒ†‹…–‹‘™Š‡–Š‡›–Š‡ …‘•‹æ †‡” –Šƒ––Š‡›’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‡ƒ…–‹˜‡Ž›‹–Š‡ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ –Š‡›’”‘†—…‡á„—– ‹– ‹• „‡…ƒ—•‡ ”‡•’‘†‡–• ”‡Žƒ–‡ –Š‡ ‹†‡ƒ ‘ˆ òƒ…–‹˜‡ó ™‹–Š –Š‡ …‘‹–‡– ƒ…“—‹”‡†‹–Š‡‹”™‘”ƒ†‘–™‹–Š–Š‡‹”‹†‡ƒ•‘”‘’‹‹‘•„‡‹‰”‡ˆŽ‡…–‡† ‹‹–䊋•‹†‡ƒ…‘‹…‹†‡•™‹–Š–Š‡†‹ˆˆ—•‡”拐–‡”˜‡–‹‘‹•–”‘Ž‡–Šƒ–‡ŽŽƒ†‘ ƒ†˜ƒƒŽ‡trsu ’‘•‡‘ˆ–Š‡’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ™Š‘ƒ––ƒ…Š‡•‰”‡ƒ– ‹’‘”æ –ƒ…‡–‘ƒ‹‰†‹•–ƒ…‡„‡–™‡‡Š‹•‡Žˆƒ†–Š‡ˆƒ…–•á„—––Šƒ–Š‹• Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘ˆ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‹‘‹•”‡Žƒ–‹˜‡ã™Š‡–Š‡‰”ƒ†‡‘ˆ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‹‘‹•Š‹‰Š‡”á–Š‡ Ž‘™‡”–Š‡Ž‡˜‡Ž‘ˆ–Š‡†‹ˆˆ—•‡”ƒ†–Š‡‰”‡ƒ–‡”–Š‡‹–‡”˜‡–‹‘‹•–”‘Ž‡‹•á ƒ†•‘ ‘ä ……‘”†‹‰–‘–Š‹•”‡•—Ž–ᙇ…ƒ•ƒ›–Šƒ–ƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š–Š‡‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡†…—ƒ†‘”‹ƒ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•á ƒ– ˆ‹”•–á ‹†‡–‹ˆ‹‡† ™‹–Š –Š‡ ”‘Ž‡ ‘ˆ †‹ˆˆ—•‡”á –Š‡› ™‘—Ž†…‘‡ ‡ƒ”‡”–‘–Š‡”‘Ž‡‘ˆƒ†˜‡”•ƒ”›äŠ‡”‡…‘‰‹–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡†Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ‹ ’Žƒ›‹‰ ƒ ™ƒ–…Š†‘‰ ”‘Ž‡ …‘‹…‹†‡•™‹–Š –Š‡‡š’ƒ•‹‘‘ˆ–Š‹• ‘†‡Ž ‹ ”‡…‡– †‡…ƒ†‡•á „—– ‹– ”‡ƒ‹• –‘ „‡ †‡‘•–”ƒ–‡† ™Š‡–Š‡”ዐ…—ƒ†‘”ƒ† ‹‘–Š‡”…‘—–”‹‡•á–Š‹•’‘•‹–‹‘‹‰‹•‹”‡•’‘•‡–‘–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• –Š‡•‡Ž˜‡•



–‘ ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ’”‡••—”‡• ƒ†á –Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡á –‘ –Š‡ ‰”ƒ†—ƒŽƒ’’”‘ƒ…Š‹‰ „‡–™‡‡ –Š‡ ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ƒ† ‡†‹ƒ ™‘”Ž†• ƒœœ‘Ž‡‹á trsr ä  –Š‹• •‡•‡á •–—†‹‡• ƒ†‡‹…‘—–”‹‡•™‹–Šƒ•‹‹Žƒ”‡†‹ƒ•›•–‡–‘…—ƒ†‘” Šƒ˜‡ •Š‘™ –Šƒ– –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ …‘‡ –‘ ‹–‡”˜‡‡ ‹ –Š‡ ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ’”‘…‡••á ‡•’‡…‹ƒŽŽ› ‹ –Š‡ ‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡– ‘ˆ –Š‡ –Š‡‡• ‘ˆ ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ƒ‰‡†ƒ Šƒ˜‡”‘ƒ†…‘ŽŽäátrsu ä ‡…‘†Ž›á –Š‡ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡†á ƒ„‘—– –Š‡ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’ ™‹–Š –Š‡‹” ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ •‘—”…‡•á ƒ…‘™Ž‡†‰‡ –Šƒ– ƒ‹–ƒ‹ ƒ …‘•…‹‘—• „—– ˆ”‹‡†Ž› †‹•–ƒ…‡äŠ‡› Œ—•–‹ˆ›–Š‹•–›’‡‘ˆ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’„ƒ•‡†‘–Š‡‹”‘–‹‘‘ˆ‡—–”ƒŽ‹–›áƒ……—”ƒ…› ƒ† ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–›á ƒ• –Š‡› ˆ‡‡Ž –Šƒ– ‹ˆ –Š‡› …”‘•• –Š‡ Ž‹‡ ‘ˆ ƒ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’ –Š‡› ™‘—Ž† …‘’”‘‹•‡ –Š‡‹” ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ‹–‡‰”‹–›ä ‘™‹–Š‹ –Š‡ ’‘™‡” †‹•–ƒ…‡ †‹‡•‹‘á ”‡•’‘†‡–• ™‘—Ž† ˆƒŽŽá ƒ– ˆ‹”•–á ‡ƒ” –Š‡ ‘’’‘•‹–‡ ’‘Ž‡ä ‘™‡˜‡”á ‡‹–Š‡” •–”‘‰Ž›æ‘’’‘•‹‰ ˜‹‡™’‹–• ‘” –‘–ƒŽ Ž‘›ƒŽ–› –‘ –Š‡ ò…‡–”‡• ‘ˆ ’‘™‡”ó ™ƒ• ˆ‘—† ‹ –Š‡ ”‡•’‘•‡•ä Ž–Š‘—‰Š ‹– ‹• –”—‡ –Šƒ– •‘‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ …‘ˆ‹”‡† –Šƒ– ƒ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ™Š‡”‡ –Š‡› ™‘”á –Š‡•‡ •‘—”…‡• Š‘Ž† —•™‡”˜‹‰Ž› –‘ –Š‡ •ƒ‡ ’‘‹– ‘ˆ ˜‹‡™ « ‡˜‡ ”‡ˆ—•‹‰–‘ …‘‘’‡”ƒ–‡ä Š‡ ˆ‡‡†„ƒ… ˆ”‘ ”‡•’‘†‡–• ”‡‰ƒ”†‹‰ –Š‡ ”‘Ž‡ ‘ˆ ™ƒ–…Š†‘‰• ‘ˆ ’‘™‡” †‹ˆˆ‡”• ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ˆ—…–‹‘ ‘ˆ Œ—†‰‹‰ ‘” …‘†‡‹‰á •‡‡‹‰ –Š‡•‡Ž˜‡• ƒ• ’”‘˜‹†‡”• ‘ˆ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ –‘ …‹–‹œ‡• •‘ –Šƒ– –Š‡› „—‹Ž† –Š‡‹” ‡˜‹†‡…‡ ƒ† ƒ‡–Š‡‹”‘™†‡…‹•‹‘•äŠ‹••—‰‰‡•–•–Šƒ––Š‡›†‘‘–•‡‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ƒ•–Š‡ ˆ‘—”–Š ’‘™‡”á ƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š –Š‡› …Ž‡ƒ”Ž› ”‡…‘‰‹•‡ –Š‡ ”‡ƒŽ ’‘™‡” ‘ˆ –Š‡‡†‹ƒ ƒ†–Š‡‹”‹ˆŽ—‡…‡‘’—„Ž‹…‘’‹‹‘ƒ†‘–Š‡’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽƒ‰‡†ƒäŠ‡”‡ˆ‘”‡á –Š‹• ’‘™‡” ‹’Ž‹‡• ƒ ”‡•’‘•‹„‹Ž‹–› ‹ ”‡‰ƒ”† –‘ –Š‡ …‹–‹œ‡•Š‹’ä Š‡”‡ ‹• ƒ …Ž‡ƒ” ‹’ƒ…– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ™Š‡ ‹– …‘‡• –‘ ƒ••—‹‰ –Š‡ ”‘Ž‡ ‘ˆ ™ƒ–…Š†‘‰• ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… ’‘™‡”á „‡…ƒ—•‡ –Š‡ –”‡† ‹• Š‹‰Š‡” ƒ‘‰ –Š‘•‡ ™‘”‹‰ ‹ ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ ‡†‹ƒ –Šƒ ƒ‘‰ –Š‘•‡ ‹ –Š‡ ’—„Ž‹… ƒ† …‘—‹–› ‡†‹ƒä ‡‰ƒ”†‹‰ –Š‡ ƒ”‡– ‘”‹‡–ƒ–‹‘ †‹‡•‹‘á –Š‡ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡† Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• « ‡˜‡ ‹ ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ ‡†‹ƒ « •‡‡ –Š‡ ”‡ƒ†‡”• ƒ• …‹–‹œ‡• ƒ† ‘– ƒ• …‘•—‡”•á ƒ† ƒ––‹–—†‡ –Šƒ– …‘ˆ‹”•á ƒ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•á –Š‡ Ž‘™ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡ ‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒƒ”‡–‹…—ƒ†‘”‡˜‡–Š‘—‰Š‘•–‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒƒ”‡‹’”‹˜ƒ–‡ Šƒ†•zyä Š‹• •‹–—ƒ–‹‘ ‡ƒ• –Šƒ– Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ƒ”‡ ‘”‡ ƒ™ƒ” ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”‡•’‘•‹„‹Ž‹–› ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ™‹–Š ”‡‰ƒ”† –‘ …‹–‹œ‡• ƒ† ‘„˜‹ƒ–‡á –‘ •‘‡ ‡š–‡–á–Š‡‡…‘‘‹…’‡”ˆ‘”ƒ…‡ ˆƒ…–‘”ä



–Žƒ•–á–Š‡Žƒ…‘ˆ…‘•‡•—•”‡‰ƒ”†‹‰–Š‡…‘…‡’–‘ˆ‡–‡”–ƒ‹‡– ‘æ ‘’‘Ž› ‹ –Š‡ …—ƒ†‘”‹ƒ ‡†‹ƒ •–ƒ†•ä Š‹Ž‡ ˆ‘” •‘‡ ‹– ‹• ƒ ™‘””›‹‰ ’Š‡‘‡‘á ˆ‘” ‘–Š‡”• ‹– ‹• –‘–ƒŽŽ› ‹””‡Ž‡˜ƒ–á –Š‡› ‡˜‡ †‡› ‹–• ‡š‹•æ –‡…‡áƒ•–Š‡…‹–‹œ‡•ƒ”‡–Š‘•‡™Š‘Šƒ˜‡–Š‡ˆ‹ƒŽ•ƒ›‹–Š‡ •‡Ž‡…–‹‘‘ˆ …‘–‡–•–Š‡›™ƒ––‘…‘•—‡ä •ƒˆ‹ƒŽ…‘…Ž—•‹‘–Š‡‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡†…—ƒ†‘”‹ƒŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•˜‹‡™‡†–Š‡æ •‡Ž˜‡• ƒ• ‡—–”ƒŽ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ• ‹ …Šƒ”‰‡ ‘ˆ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ‡…‘—”ƒ‰‡æ ‡––‘…‹–‹œ‡•–‘’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‡‹’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ†‡…‹•‹‘•äŠ‹•”‡•—Ž–…‘ˆ‹”• –Š‡–Š‡‘”‡–‹…ƒŽ’”‘’‘•ƒŽ„›‡—œ‡trrzƒ ™Š‡Š‡ƒˆˆ‹”•–Šƒ–Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ‹•…Šƒ‰‹‰áŽ‡ƒ†‹‰Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•–‘•‡‡‡“—ƒŽŽ›–Š‡…‹–‹œ‡•™Š‘‡‡†–‘ „‡ †‡‡’Ž› ‹ˆ‘”‡† ˆ‘” –Š‡‹” ’‡”•‘ƒŽ ”‡ƒ•‘• ‘ …‡”–ƒ‹ –‘’‹…• ‘ˆ ‰‡‡”ƒŽ ‹–‡”‡•–ƒ†–Š‡…‹–‹œ‡•™Š‘…ƒƒ‡ †‡…‹•‹‘•ä ‘” –Š‹• ”‡ƒ•‘á –Š‡ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡‡• ƒˆˆ‹” –Šƒ– –Š‡› –ƒ‡ ‘ –Š‡ ”‘Ž‡ ‘ˆ †‹æ ˆˆ—•‡”á „—– ™‹–Š ƒ ‘„‹Ž‹•‹‰ ƒ† ƒ†˜‡”•ƒ”› ‡’Šƒ•‹•ä Š‹• ”‡•—Ž– ƒ‰”‡‡• ™‹–Šáˆ‹”•–Ž›á™Šƒ––Š‡‡‘…”ƒ–‹…Š‡‘”›‡š’‡…–•‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ƒ†‡†‹ƒã s –‘‹ˆ‘”…‹–‹œ‡•ƒ„‘—–’‘™‡”…‡–”‡•ƒ†–Š‡‹”‹†‡ƒ•ât –‘‹–‡”’”‡– –Š‡ ƒ…–‹‘•ƒ††‡…‹•‹‘•‘ˆ’‘Ž‹–‹…‹ƒ•âƒ†u –‘…‘–”‘Ž–Š‡•‡’‘™‡”•ƒ†‘æ „‹Ž‹•‡…‹–‹œ‡•ˆ”‘••‡”á–”ڏ„¡…ƒ†”‡‡•‡átrst ⃐†á•‡…‘†Ž›á ™‹–Š –Š‡ ”‡•—Ž–• ˆ”‘ ƒ •—”˜‡›zz ‘ˆ ”‰‡–‹‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ™Š‘ †‡ˆ‹‡ –Š‡•‡Ž˜‡• ƒ• ‹–‡”‡†‹ƒ”‹‡• „‡–™‡‡ –Š‡ ˆƒ…–• ƒ† –Š‡ ’‡‘’Ž‡á ™Š‘ ”‡…‡‹˜‡ ‹ˆ‘”ƒæ –‹‘ ƒ† †ƒ–ƒ –‘ ƒ‡ †‡…‹•‹‘•á „—– ƒŽ•‘ äää –Šƒ– †‡•…”‹„‡ –Š‡•‡Ž˜‡• ƒ• ò’”‹˜‹Ž‡‰‡†™‹–‡••‡•áƒ„Ž‡–‘ Šƒ†Ž‡‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ –Šƒ– ‹•‘– Šƒ†Ž‡†„› –Š‡ ”‡•–󃐃”–Àátrrz ä Š‹• ’”‘ˆ‹Ž‡ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ‹• †‡ˆ‹‡† „› –Š‡ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ™Š‡”‡ –Š‡› ™‘” « ’—„Ž‹…á ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ ƒ† …‘—‹–›á –Š‡‹” ‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ •–”—…–—”‡ ƒ† –Š‡‹” ‡†‹–‘”‹ƒŽ Ž‹‡ä ‹‹Žƒ”Ž›á –Š‡› Š‹‰ŠŽ‹‰Š– –Š‡ •–”‘‰ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘• ƒ™ ƒ† ”‡‰—Žƒ–‘” ƒ† …‘–”‘ŽŽ‡” ƒ‰‡…‹‡• ‘ˆ –Š‡ –ƒ–‡ä  Ž‹‰Š– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”‡•—Ž–•á –Š‡”‡ ‹• •‘‡ †‹•–”—•–á ƒ† ‡˜‡ ˆ‡ƒ”•z{á ‘ˆ –Š‹• ‡™ Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹‘á ™Š‹…Š •Š‘™• –Š‡ †‹ˆˆ‹…—Ž– ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’ „‡–™‡‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ƒ† ’‘™‡” ‹ …—ƒ†‘”á •‹…‡á ƒ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ Šƒ‘””‘ trr{ á ‡†‹ƒ …‘–”‘Ž –Š‡ ’‘™‡” ƒ† –Š‡ ’‘™‡” –”‹‡• –‘ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒä 1RWHV zw ƒ‹–œ•…Š ƒ† ƒš‹‹Ž‹ƒ• trsuã s  †‹ˆˆ‡”‡…‡ „‡–™‡‡ s  ”‘Ž‡ ‘”‹‡–ƒ–‹‘•á t  ”‘Ž‡ ‡ƒ…–‡– ƒ† u  ”‘Ž‡’‡”ˆ‘”ƒ…‡ä Š‹• •–—†› ˆ‘…—•‡• ‘ –Š‡ ƒƒŽ›•‹• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’‡”…‡’–‹‘ ‘ˆ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ”‘Ž‡• ƒ• ò•—„Œ‡…–‹˜‡ …‘…‡’––Šƒ–Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•Šƒ˜‡‘ˆ–Š‡‹””‘Ž‡‹’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ’”ƒ…–‹…‡óä



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‘—”ƒŽ‹• „ƒ•‡† ‘ ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–› ™ƒ• ‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡† ƒ• òƒ‹†‡ƒŽ ’”ƒ…–‹…‡ ‹–Š‡ Žƒ–‡ s{–Š …‡–—”› ƒ† –Š‡ ‡ƒ”Ž› tr–Š …‡–—”›ó …Š—†•‘á trrsã swx äòŠ‡ ‡’Šƒ•‹• ‘ –Š‡ ˆƒ…–• ˆ‹– –Š‡ „—•‹‡•• ‡‡†• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‰Ž‘揇”‹…ƒ ’”‡••á ƒ• ‹– ƒŽŽ‘™‡† –Š‡ –‘ •‡ŽŽ –Š‡‹” ’”‘†—…–• –‘ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ”‡ƒ†‡”• ™‹–Š †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ’‘‹–•‘ˆ˜‹‡™•ƒ†’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽƒ––‹–—†‡•ó••‡”ƒ†„”‹…Š–átrsuã{{r 䘇 –‘†ƒ›á –Š‡ ‹†‡ƒ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–› Žƒ”‰‡Ž› †‡–‡”‹‡• –Š‡ ™‘”‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•á „‡‹‰ †‡‡’Ž› ”‘‘–‡† ‹ –Š‡ ‹†‡ƒ ‘ˆ ò‰‘‘†ó Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• « ™Š‡”‡ ‡˜‡”› ‹†‡‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ ‘” ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ’‘•‹–‹‘ ƒ† ƒ„‹‰—‘—•á ’ƒ”–‹•ƒ ‘” —•—„•æ –ƒ–‹ƒ–‡†•–ƒ–‡‡–•”—‘—”• ƒ”‡ƒ˜‘‹†‡†ä Ž–Š‘—‰Š–Š‹•‹†‡ƒ‘ˆ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–›‡†—”‡•á–Š‡‹˜‡•–‹‰ƒ–‹‘•–Šƒ–ƒ”‡„‡‹‰ …ƒ””‹‡† ‘—– –ƒ‡ ‹…”‡ƒ•‹‰Ž› ‹–‘ ƒ……‘—– –Š‡ ™‘” ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ‹ –Š‡ ‡™•”‘‘•‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒá„‡…ƒ—•‡–Š‡•‡†‡–‡”‹‡–Š‡‹”˜ƒŽ—‡•á‹†‡ƒ•á „‡æ Šƒ˜‹‘—”•ƒ†’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽƒ†’‡”•‘ƒŽ‹–‡”‡•–•…”‡ƒ–‡†™Š‡†‡˜‡Ž‘’‹‰ ƒ††‹••‡‹ƒ–‹‰‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ä ‘”–Š‡•‡”‡ƒ•‘•á–‘ˆ—ŽŽ›—†‡”•–ƒ† –Š‡ …‘…‡’–‘ˆ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–›‹–Š‹•…‘—–”›á™‡’”‡•‡––Š‹••–—†›„ƒ•‡†‘–Š‡ …‘–‡š–—ƒŽ‹•‡†ƒƒŽ›•‹•‘ˆ–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–™‹–Š‹–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡ ‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘”ä Š‡ …‘–‡š–—ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ •–—†› ™ƒ• …ƒ””‹‡† ‘—– –Š”‘—‰Š –Š‡ ƒƒŽ›•‹• ‘ˆ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ ‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘” ƒ† –Š‡ ˆƒ…–‘”• ‹ˆŽ—‡…‹‰ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•á •‹…‡ –Š‡ …‘–‡š–—ƒŽ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡• ”‡…‡‹˜‡† „› Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ’Žƒ› ƒ ˆ—†ƒ‡–ƒŽ ”‘Ž‡‹–Š‡’‡”…‡’–‹‘‘ˆ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–›äŠ‡†‹•‹–‡‰”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ…‘–‡š–ˆƒ…‹Ž‹–ƒ–‡• ‹–• ƒƒŽ›•‹•á ˆ‘” –Š‹• ”‡ƒ•‘ ‹– Šƒ• „‡‡ †‹˜‹†‡† ‹–‘ –Š”‡‡ Ž‡˜‡Ž•ã s  •›•–‡• Ž‡˜‡Žá t  ‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘ Ž‡˜‡Žá ƒ† u  ƒ…–‘” Ž‡˜‡Ž ŽŽ‡” ƒ† ‡‹‡”á trstâ ŽŽ‡”á trsw ä Š‡‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‡•‘ˆ–Š‹•…Šƒ’–‡”ƒ”‡ãs ‘—†‡”•–ƒ†™Šƒ––Š‡‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡† Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• —†‡”•–ƒ† „› ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–› ƒ• ƒ ‹†‡ƒŽ ™‹–Š‹ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡‘ˆ…—ƒ†‘”ât ‘ˆ‹†‘—–™Šƒ–™‘”‹‰‡–Š‘†•ƒ”‡ƒ’’Ž‹‡† „› –Š‡‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡†Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•–‘–”›–‘’”‡•‡––Š‡‹”™‘”ƒ•‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‡Ž›ƒ• ’‘••‹„Ž‡™‹–Š‹–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡‘ˆ…—ƒ†‘”⃐†u ‘‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š–Š‡ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡ –Šƒ– …‘–‡š–—ƒŽ ˆƒ…–‘”• ‡š‡”…‹•‡ ‹ –Š‡ ƒ••‡••‡– –Šƒ– –Š‡ ‹æ –‡”˜‹‡™‡†Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ƒ‡‘ˆ–Š‡…‘…‡’–‘ˆ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–›‹–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡‘ˆ…—ƒ†‘”ä



 7KHFRQFHSWRI REMHFWLYLW\ òŠ‡ …‘…‡’– ‘ˆ ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–› Šƒ• „‡‡ …‘‡…–‡† –‘ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• •‹…‡ ‹–• ‹…‡’–‹‘ó …Š—†•‘á trrwã tsv ä ‹…‡ –Š‡ ‡ƒ”Ž› tr–Š …‡–—”›á –Š‡ ‹æ ’‘”–ƒ– ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’ Šƒ† „› Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•™‹–Š …‘…‡’–• •—…Š ƒ• ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–›á –”—–Š ƒ† ˜‡”ƒ…‹–› ‹• ”‡…‘‰‹•‡†á …‘•‹†‡”‹‰ –Š‡‹” ‹…Ž—•‹‘ ƒ• ‡••‡–‹ƒŽ –‘ ƒ…Š‹‡˜‡ –Š‡ ‹†‡ƒŽ ‘ˆ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹• ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ‹’’ƒá s{tr ä Š‹• ‹ƒ‰‡ ‘ˆ ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–› ƒ• ƒ ‹†‡ƒŽ ‹ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•á ‡˜‡ –‘†ƒ›á …‘–‹—‡• –‘ „‡ Š‡Ž† „› ƒ—–Š‘”• •—…Š ƒ• —…Šƒ s{{{ã trr  ™Š‘ •ƒ›• –Šƒ– òŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• •Š‘—Ž†„‡ƒ„Ž‡–‘‹˜‘‡•‘‡…‘…‡’–‘ˆ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–›™Š‡ ”‡’‘”–‹‰‘–Š‡ ˆƒ…–• ‘ˆ ƒ •‘…‹ƒŽ ”‡ƒŽ‹–› äää „‡…ƒ—•‡ –Š‡ ’”‘’‡” —•‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ –‘‘Ž• –Šƒ– –‡ŽŽ–Š‡ •–‘”‹‡• äää ’”‘–‡…–• Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ˆ”‘ ”‹•• « Ž‹‡ –Š‡ ”‡˜‹‡™• « ‘ˆ –Š‡‹” ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽƒ…–‹˜‹–›óä –‹•–”—‡–Šƒ–Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹…‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–›Šƒ•„‡…‘‡–Š‡…‘‘…‘†‡ˆ‘”ƒ•‡– ‘ˆ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ‹†‡ƒŽ• ™Š‹…Š ‹…Ž—†‡á ƒ……‘”†‹‰ ‰‹ƒ‘˜ƒ ƒ† †‡”•„› s{{xãsr áòƒ……—”ƒ…›á”‡Ž‡˜ƒ…‡á„ƒŽƒ…‡áˆƒ‹”‡••á‘†‹•–‘”–‹‘á ‡—–”ƒŽ‹–›á –‡•–ƒ„‹Ž‹–›á‡“—‹–›á†‡’‡”•‘ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘ƒ†•…‡’–‹…‹•óä‘–Š‡•‡áŽŽ‡”ƒ†‡‹‡” trstã zuæ{r  ƒ†† ò–Š‡ –”—–Š ‘” ˜‡”‹•‹‹Ž‹–—†‡á –”—•–á –”ƒ•’ƒ”‡…›á •—„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–›{rƒ†”‡ƒŽ‹–›‘””‡ƒŽ‹•óä Š‡ …—””‡– †‡„ƒ–‡ ƒ„‘—– ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–› ‹ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ”‡ƒ‹• ™‹–Š‹ –™‘ ’Žƒ‡•ã ƒ Š‹Ž‘•‘’Š‹…ƒŽŽ›á…‘•‹†‡”‹‰–Š‹•ƒ•ƒ‹†‡ƒŽ‘ˆ–Š‡’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒ†‘ˆ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ä Š‹• ˆ‹”•– ’‘•‹–‹‘ ‹• ’”‘’‘•‡† ‹ ’‘•‹–‹˜‹•á”‡ƒŽ‹• ƒ† …‘•–”—…–‹˜‹• ƒ• ò–Š‡ ”‡ƒŽ ’‘••‹„‹Ž‹–› ‘ˆ ”‡’”‡•‡–‹‰ –Š‡™‘”Ž†ƒ• ‹– ‹•ó ŽŽ‡” ƒ† ‡‹‡”á trstã {{ ä  –Š‡ ‘–Š‡” Šƒ†á …”‹–‹…• ‘ˆ–Š‡•‡ ’Š‹Ž‘•‘’Š‹…ƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š–•„‡Ž‹‡˜‡–Šƒ–ò‹–‹•‹’‘••‹„Ž‡á—†‡•‹”ƒ„Ž‡ƒ† ‘– ˆ‡ƒ•‹„Ž‡ –‘ „‡ ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‡ó ‘•„ƒ…Š ƒ† Ž‡––á s{{uã wxâ ‹…Š–‡„‡”‰á s{{xã ttw ä „ •ƒŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹…‡–Š‘†á™Š‡‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–›„‡…‘‡•–Š‡–‘‘Ž–Šƒ–‘ˆˆ‡”• •‡…—”‹–›ƒ†ƒ„‹Ž‹–›–‘™‘”ˆ‘”Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•‹–Š‡‹”’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽƒ…–‹˜‹–›ä• ‡‹•…Š‡„‡”‰s{{wãsxy •–ƒ–‡•á™Š‡”ƒ‹•‹‰–Š‡‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–›òƒ••–ƒ†ƒ”† ‘ˆ ™‘”óá –Š‡ ’Š‹Ž‘•‘’Š‹…ƒŽ ‹†‡ƒ ‘ˆ –Š‹• ƒ† –Š‡ ˆ‘”ƒŽ ’”‘…‡•• ‘ˆ –Š‡ •–”ƒ–‡‰‹… ‡–Š‘† ƒ’’”‘ƒ…Š ‹ –Š‡ ’”‘†—…–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ä—…Šƒ s{yz  ‹†‡–‹ˆ‹‡† ˆ‹˜‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ •–”ƒ–‡‰‹‡• ƒ• ƒ ò•–”ƒ–‡‰‹… ”‹–—ƒŽó ‹ …Šƒ”‰‡ ‘ˆŒ—•–‹ˆ›‹‰ –Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ™‘” ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ã s  –Š‡‡š’‘•—”‡



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”ƒ’Š‹… tä – ‹• ’‘••‹„Ž‡ –‘ „‡ ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‡ ‹ –Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ë ‘—”…‡ã”‡’ƒ”‡†„›–Š‡ƒ—–Š‘”•ä

‡‰ƒ”†‹‰ –Š‡ “—‡•–‹‘ ƒ„‘—– –Š‡ ’‘••‹„‹Ž‹–› ‘ˆ ˆƒ‹–Šˆ—ŽŽ› ”‡’”‡•‡–‹‰ ”‡ƒæ Ž‹–›  ”ƒ’Š‹… u ‘•– ‘ˆ –Š‘•‡ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡† –Š‹ –Šƒ– ‹– †‡’‡†• ‡–‹”‡Ž› ‘” ‹’ƒ”–‘–Š‡’‘‹–‘ˆ˜‹‡™‘ˆ–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–vt¨ãò –Š‹–Šƒ–‹–‹•‡†‹ƒæ –‡† „› –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–ï• ’‘‹– ‘ˆ ˜‹‡™ó s â òŠ‡”‡ ‹• ƒ –Š‡‘”› …ƒŽŽ‡† ”ƒ‹‰ ƒ† –Š‡ ƒ‹”‹‰ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡™• †‡’‡†•‘ ƒ› ˆ”ƒ‡•ä Š‡”‡ ‹• –‘‘ —…Š ƒ– •–ƒ‡ ˆ‹ƒŽŽ› •‹…‡ ‡˜‡”›‘‡ ™‹ŽŽ ‘™á †‡’‡†‹‰ ‘ –Š‡ ˆ”ƒ‡á Š‘™ –‘ –ƒ‡‹–ó{ ␖Š‡‘–Š‡”Šƒ†á–Š‡”‡‹•ƒtzä{¨™Š‘–Š‹–Šƒ–”‡ƒŽ‹–›‹–•‡Žˆ …ƒ „‡ ”‡Ž‹ƒ„Ž› ”‡’”‡•‡–‡† ‹ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ã ò‘— Šƒ˜‡ –‘ ‰‹˜‡ ‘‡ Š—†”‡† ’‡”…‡– ”‡ƒŽ‹–›ä Š‡ ˜‹‡™ ‘ˆ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•– —•– ”‡ƒ‹ •‡’ƒ”ƒ–‡ó w ä –Š‹‰ŠŽ‹‰Š–•–Š‡ˆƒ…––Šƒ–ƒŽ‘•–‘‡ˆ‹ˆ–Š‘ˆ”‡•’‘†‡–• s{¨ ”ƒ‹•‡ –Š‡ ’‘••‹„‹Ž‹–› ‘ˆ –”—‡ ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ”‡ƒŽ‹–› „ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡ –›’‡ ‘ˆ ‡†‹ƒ –‡Ž‡˜‹•‹‘á”ƒ†‹‘ƒ†’”‹– ƒ†‘––Š‡–›’‡‘ˆ‘™‡”•Š‹’‘ˆ–Š‹•’”‹˜ƒ–‡á ’—„Ž‹…ƒ†…‘—‹–› áò –†‡’‡†•‘–Š‡’‘‹–‘ˆ˜‹‡™á–Š‡’‘‹–‘ˆ˜‹‡™ ‘ˆ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•– ƒ† –Š‡ ’‘‹– ‘ˆ ˜‹‡™ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒä – †‡’‡†• ‘ Š‘™ ƒ ‘–‡ ‹• ’”‡•‡–‡† ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡ ‘– ‘Ž› ‘ˆ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•– „—– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹—ósr ä Š‡–Š‡”‹–‹•„‡…ƒ—•‡‘ˆ–Š‡ˆ‘”ƒ–‘”„‡…ƒ—•‡‘ˆ–Š‡‘™‡”•Š‹’‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒá ƒ •‹‰‹ˆ‹…ƒ– ’”‘’‘”–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡† Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ƒ…‘™Ž‡†‰‡–Šƒ– –Š‡”‡ƒ”‡ˆƒ…–‘”•–Šƒ–†‡–‡”‹‡–Šƒ–’‘‹–‘ˆ˜‹‡™ƒ•ƒ•–ƒ”–‹‰’‘‹–‘ˆ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… ™‘” ƒ† ƒ‡ ‡†‹ƒ ‹ ™‹†‘™• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ™‘”Ž† ‹’’ƒá trru s{tt ä Š‡•‡ ˆƒ…–‘”• …‘•–‹–—–‡ –Š‡ •‘æ…ƒŽŽ‡† òˆ”ƒ‡•ó  ‘ˆˆƒá



trrx⠐–ƒá trrv á ˆ”ƒ‡• ‘ˆ ”‡ˆ‡”‡…‡ ™‹–Š ™Š‹…Š –Š‡ …‹–‹œ‡•‹–‡”’”‡– –Š‡ ‘—–•‹†‡ ™‘”Ž†ä ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ‹• –Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡ …‘†‹–‹‘‡†á ƒ‘‰‘–Š‡”•á „› ˆ”ƒ‹‰á —†‡”•–‘‘† ƒ• ò–Š‡ ’”‘…‡•• ‘ˆ •‡Ž‡…–‹‰ ƒ† Š‹‰ŠŽ‹‰Š–‹‰ •‘‡ ƒ•’‡…–• ‘ˆ ƒ ’‡”…‡‹˜‡† ”‡ƒŽ‹–› ƒ† ‡Šƒ…‹‰ –Š‡ ”‡Ž‡˜ƒ…‡ ‘ˆ ƒ ‹–‡”’”‡–ƒ–‹‘ƒ†‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Šƒ– ”‡ƒŽ‹–›ó–ƒátrrvãtx ä –Š‹••‡æ Ž‡…–‹‘ ’”‘…‡•• ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‡ …‡”–ƒ‹ ˆƒ…–‘”• ‘ˆ ‡™•™‘”–Š‹‡••á •—…Š ƒ• –Š‡ •—„Œ‡…–á …—•–‘‹•ƒ–‹‘á ‡‰ƒ–‹˜‹–›á ‰‡‘‰”ƒ’Š‹… ƒ”‡ƒá •—”’”‹•‡ ‘” •’‡…–ƒ…Ž‡ …Š—Žœá“—‘–‡†‹‘•„ƒ…Šás{{wâ‘—œƒátrry⊃˜‡”‘átrsw á–Šƒ– ™‘—Ž† „‡ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‹‰ –Š‡ †‡…”‡ƒ•‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–›á „—– ‘–Š‡” ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡• –›’‹…ƒŽ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ• ƒ”‡ ‹˜‘Ž˜‡†á •—…Š ƒ• Š—ƒ „‡‹‰• ƒ† ‡æ „‡”• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒá ’ƒ••‹˜‡ •—„Œ‡…–• ‘ˆ –Š‡ …—””‡– Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ƒ…–‘”• ‹ ƒ ’ƒ”–‹…—Žƒ” Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡á Œ—•– ƒ• ™‡ Šƒ˜‡ „‡‡ •‡‡‹‰ä

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  ‡•á‹–…ƒ”‡’”‡•‡–”‡ƒŽ‹–› ‡•á‹–…ƒ”‡’”‡•‡–”‡ƒŽ‹–›„—–‘––‘srr¨ –‡–‹”‡Ž›†‡’‡†•‘–Š‡’‘‹–‘ˆ˜‹‡™‘ˆ–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•– –’ƒ”–‹ƒŽŽ›†‡’‡†•‘–Š‡’‘‹–‘ˆ˜‹‡™‘ˆ–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•– –†‡’‡†•‘–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹–‹…‰‡”‡‘”–Š‡ˆ‘”ƒ–‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒ–˜á’”‹–‘””ƒ†‹‘

”ƒ’Š‹… uä Š‘—Ž† ‡™• ‹ ƒ ‡†‹ƒ ”‡’”‡•‡– ˆƒ‹–Šˆ—ŽŽ›  –Š‡ ”‡ƒŽ‹–› ‘” †‘‡• ‹– †‡’‡† ‘ –Š‡ ’‘‹– ‘ˆ ˜‹‡™ ‘ˆ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–ë ‘—”…‡ã”‡’ƒ”‡†„›–Š‡ƒ—–Š‘”•ä

‹ƒŽŽ›á ƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š ‡ƒ”Ž› ŠƒŽˆ ‘ˆ –Š‘•‡ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡† …‘•‹†‡” ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–› ƒ• •‘‡–Š‹‰ —ƒ––ƒ‹ƒ„Ž‡á ™Š‡ ƒ••‡••‹‰ ‹–• ‹’‘”–ƒ…‡ ™‹–Š‹ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•á vt¨ …‘•‹†‡” ‹– ˜‡”› ‹’‘”–ƒ– ‘” ƒ• ƒ ‰‘ƒŽ –‘ ƒ•’‹”‡ –‘ã òŠ‡ ‹’‘”–ƒ…‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ …‘…‡’– ‘ˆ ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–› ‹• ‘ˆ —…Š ”‡Ž‡˜ƒ…‡ä ‡Šƒ˜‡ –‘ ”‡Ž› ‘ –Š‹• ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–› –‘ ‹ˆ‘” ‹ –Š‡ „‡•– ’‘••‹„Ž‡ ™ƒ› •‘ –Šƒ– …”‡†‹„‹Ž‹–› ‘ˆ …‹–‹œ‡•æ Š‹’…ƒ‡š‹•–óx âò –Š‹–Šƒ–‹•ƒƒ‹–Šƒ–™‡Šƒ˜‡–‘ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™á„—– †‘‘– ‘™‹ˆ™‡™‹ŽŽ”‡ƒ…Š‹–óur ä



Šƒ–‹•áƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š–Š‡”‡•’‘†‡–•…‘•‹†‡”–Šƒ–‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–›…ƒ‘–„‡ƒ…Š‹‡æ ˜‡†‘”…ƒ„‡”‡ƒ…Š‡†‘Ž›’ƒ”–‹ƒŽŽ›‘”ˆ”‘…‡”–ƒ‹’”ƒ…–‹…‡•á„›‘‡ƒ• †‘–Š‡›”‡ˆ‡”–‘ ‹–ƒ•ƒ…‘…‡’––Šƒ–•Š‘—Ž†„‡”‡Œ‡…–‡†‘”†‡’ƒ”–‡†ˆ”‘ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•á„‡…ƒ—•‡áƒ‘‰‘–Š‡”–Š‹‰•á‹–Š‡Ž’•–‘‡Šƒ…‡–Š‡…”‡†‹„‹Ž‹–› ‘ˆ–Š‡’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹”‡Žƒ–‹‘–‘Š‹• Š‡”’—„Ž‹…ãò„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–›‹•…ƒ—•‹‰–Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•––‘Šƒ˜‡ƒ…”‡†‹„‹Ž‹–›ƒ†–Šƒ–‹••—’‡”„ƒ•‹…äää ‹–‹•†‡…‹•‹˜‡‹ –Š‹•’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ó tr ä

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twázr¨ u¨ „Œ‡…–‹˜‹–›‹–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–†‘‡•‘–‡š‹•–

„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–›‹••‡ƒ”…Š‹‰ˆ‘”–Š‡„ƒŽƒ…‡„‡–™‡‡–‡Š•‘—”…‡• „Œ‡…–‹˜‹–›‹•‹’‘”–ƒ–„—––Š‡”‡ƒ”‡‘–Š‡”‘”‡‹’‘”–ƒ––Š‹‰•   –Š‡” „Œ‡…–‹˜‹–›‹•–Š‡‰‘ƒŽ™‡•Š‘—Ž†”‡ƒ…Š „Œ‡…–‹˜‹–›‹•–Š‡‘•–‹’‘”–ƒ––Š‹‰

”ƒ’Š‹…vä ’‘”–ƒ…‡‘ˆ–Š‡…‘…‡’–‘ˆ ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–› ‘—”…‡ã”‡’ƒ”‡†„›–Š‡ƒ—–Š‘”•ä

 7KHLGHDRIREMHFWLYLW\DVDPHWKRG Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ƒ”‡ƒ•‡†ƒ„‘—––Š‡‡–Š‘†•–Š‡›—•‡‹–Š‡‹” ’”ƒ…–‹…‡–‘ ’”‡•‡– ƒ •–‘”› ‘”‡ ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‡Ž›á ‘”‡ –Šƒ ŠƒŽˆ wy¨  •ƒ› –Šƒ– –Š‡› ’”‹ƒ”‹Ž› „—‹Ž† –Š‡‹” ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ „ƒ•‡† ‘ ƒ…Š‹‡˜‹‰ ƒ ’Ž—”ƒŽ‹–› ‘ˆ •‘—”…‡• ƒ•–Š‡ ƒ‹ •–”ƒ–‡‰› ‘ˆ …”‘••…Š‡… ‘ˆ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘  ”ƒ’Š‹… wã ò  –”› –‘ ’—– ƒŽŽ–Š‡ƒ…–‘”•‹˜‘Ž˜‡†‹–Š‡‡™•äää–”›‹‰–‘•Š‘™–Š‡’—„Ž‹…–Š‡†‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ƒ‰Ž‡•ƒ†•‘–Šƒ––Š‡›…‘—Ž†Šƒ˜‡–Š‡‹”‘™…‘…Ž—•‹‘•ósu â ò – ‹• –Š‡ ˆƒ…– ‘ˆ Ž‘‘‹‰ „‘–Š •‹†‡•ä Š‹• ‹• –”‹‡† –‘ „‡ ƒ†‡ ‹ ƒ ’ƒ”æ –‹…‹’ƒ–‘”› ƒ‡”á ™Š‡”‡ –Š‡”‡ ‹• ‘”‡ –Šƒ ‘‡ •‘—”…‡á ƒ† ™Š‡”‡ ›‘— …ƒ …‘–”ƒ•– ™Šƒ– ƒ ’‡”•‘ •ƒ›•ó z â ò ‹”•–á  Šƒ˜‡ –Š‡ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ –Š‡”‡á  …‘–”ƒ•–á  ‰‘ –‘ –Š‡ •‘—”…‡• äää ƒ† •‡‡ ƒ •‡…‘† ‘’‹‹‘ ƒ† –Š‡”‡ –Š‡ –Š‹‰‹•–‘„ƒŽƒ…‡óus ä Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡† ƒŽ•‘ —•‡ ‘–Š‡” •–”ƒ–‡‰‹‡• –Šƒ– –Š‡› …‘•‹†‡” ƒ•



‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‡ ‡–Š‘†•ã ƒ   —•‡ ‘ˆ ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‡ Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ « ™”‹––‡ ‘” ƒ—†‹‘˜‹•—ƒŽá ™‹–Š‘—–ƒ†Œ‡…–‹˜‡•á™‹–Š‘—–‹–‡–‹‘‘”‹…Ž‹ƒ–‹‘su¨ ã ò †‘‘–—•‡ƒ†æ Œ‡…–‹˜‡•á  –”› ‘– –‘ —•‡ ƒ› ƒ†˜‡”„•ä  ™”‹–‡ ™Šƒ– Šƒ’’‡‡†á Š‘™ ‹– Šƒæ ’’‡‡†ƒ†–Šƒ–‹•‹–ótw âò‡Šƒ˜‡‡Ž‹‹ƒ–‡†•‘‡ƒ—†‹‘˜‹•—ƒŽ ‡Ž‡‡–• –Šƒ–ƒ”‡™‹†‡Ž›—•‡†„›’”‹˜ƒ–‡–‡Ž‡˜‹•‹‘—•‹…ƒŽ‡ˆˆ‡…–•á•‘—†á˜‹†‡‘ –Šƒ– ‰‡‡”ƒ–‡ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– •‡•ƒ–‹‘• ‘ …‹–‹œ‡•Š‹’ó v â ƒ† „  Š‡ ˜‡”‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ –Š‡ƒ—–Š‡–‹…‹–›‘ˆ–Š‡•‘—”…‡•su¨ ãòˆ–‡”Šƒ˜‹‰‰‘‡–‘–Š‡ˆ‹‡Ž†á‘‡ Šƒ• •‡‡ –Š‡ ”‡ƒŽ‹–›á •‘ Š‡ …‘‡• ƒ† ™”‹–‡• –Š‡ ”‡ƒŽ‹–› –Šƒ– Š‡ •ƒ™‹ –Š‡ „‡•– ™ƒ›á ‹ –Š‡ …Ž‡ƒ”‡•– ™ƒ›á ™‹–Š –Š‡ ‘•– ƒ……‡••‹„Ž‡ Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ –‘‡˜‡”›‘‡ó tv ä –Š‡” ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‡ ‡–Š‘†• —•‡†á „—– –‘ ƒ Ž‡••‡” ‡š–‡–á „› –Š‡ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡† Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ƒ”‡ã ƒ ‘‹‰ –‘ ‘ˆˆ‹…‹ƒŽ ‘” ‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ •‘—”…‡•ã ò  •‡‡ ƒ› †‘…—‡–• –‘ •—’’‘”– ‡ ‘” ‘–á ‘ˆˆ‹…‹ƒŽ •–ƒ–‡‡–• ‘ˆ •‘‡ ‹‹•–‡” ‘” •‘‡ ƒ••‡„Ž›ƒâ  …‘–”ƒ•– ‹– ™‹–Š ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ƒƒŽ›•–• ‘” ƒ••‡„Ž› ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘’’‘•‹–‹‘á ™Š‘ Šƒ˜‡ ƒ‘–Š‡” ˜‹‡™ ‘ˆ –Š‡ •—„Œ‡…–ó ts â „  •‹‰ ‹˜‡”–‡† …‘ƒ ‹ “—‘–‡•ã ò  †‡ƒŽ ™‹–Š –Š‡ ‹˜‡”–‡† …‘ƒ äääá  –”› –‘ “—‘–‡ ‡šƒ…–Ž› ™Šƒ– ’‡‘’Ž‡ •ƒ› äääó ur â …  ‡˜‡Ž‘’‹‰ ”‡Ž‹ƒ„Ž‡ ‹ˆ‘”æ ƒ–‹‘{uã òŠ‡ ‘Ž› ‡–Š‘† ‹• •‹’Ž› –Š‡ –”—–Šä – ‹• –Š‡ ƒ……—”ƒ…› ‘ˆ –Š‡ †ƒ–ƒá –‘ …‘’ƒ”‡ –Š‡ †ƒ–ƒó u â ‘ ƒ˜‘‹† ”—‘—”•á —–”—•–‡† •‘—”…‡• ‘” —˜‡”‹ˆ‹‡† ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ã ò á ’‡”•‘ƒŽŽ›á –”› ‘– –‘ ƒ‡ ƒ ”‡’‘”– ‹ˆ ‹– ‹• ‘–•—’’‘”–‡†ósx ⃐†† ‘ˆ‘”‹‰–‘–Š‡•–›Ž‡ƒ—ƒŽ‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒ‹ ™Š‹…Š ™‡ ™‘”ã ò  –”—–Šá ‘•– •–”ƒ–‡‰‹‡• –Šƒ– Šƒ˜‡ „‡‡ —•‡† Š‡”‡ Šƒ˜‡ ƒŽ™ƒ›• „‡‡ „ƒ•‡† ‘ {vƒ† –Š‡ ‡†‹–‘”‹ƒŽ ‰—‹†‡Ž‹‡• ™‡ Šƒ˜‡ ƒ•Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ó x ä



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„Œ‡…–‹˜‡Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡á—‹–‡–‹‘ƒŽŽ›‘”–‡†‡–‹‘—•ƒ†Œ‡…–‹˜‡• ƒ—†‹‘˜‹•—ƒŽ Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ ‡”ƒ…‹–›ƒ†…”‡†‹„‹Ž‹–› •‡‘ˆ“—‘–ƒ–‹‘ƒ”• ‡†‹ƒ•–›Ž‡ƒ—ƒŽ ‘‘–’—„Ž‹•Š‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘™‹–Š‘—–”‡Ž‹ƒ„Ž‡•‘—”…‡• ‡”‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘ —•‡‘ˆ‘ˆˆ‹…‹ƒŽ•‘—”…‡• Ž—”ƒŽ‹–›‘ˆ…‘•—Ž–‡†•‘—”…‡•

”ƒ’Š‹…w䇖Š‘†•–‘’”‡•‡–‘”‡‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‡ ‡™• ‘—”…‡ã”‡’ƒ”‡†„›–Š‡ƒ—–Š‘”•ä

Š‡ ”‡•’‘†‡–• ƒ”‡ ƒ•‡† ™Š‡–Š‡” –Š‡› ‘”ƒŽŽ› ”ƒ‹•‡ •‡˜‡”ƒŽ ’‡”•æ ’‡…–‹˜‡•™‹–Š‹–Š‡‹”‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘‘”á…‘˜‡”•‡Ž›á…Žƒ”‹ˆ›–Š‡‘•–ƒ’’”‘’”‹ƒ–‡  ”ƒ’Š‹… xá ‘˜‡” ŠƒŽˆ ww¨  ‘’– ˆ‘” –Š‡ ’Ž—”ƒŽ‹–› ‘ˆ ˜‘‹…‡•ã ò‹•’Žƒæ›‹‰ —Ž–‹’Ž‡ ’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡• ‹• …”—…‹ƒŽá –”›‹‰ –‘ ‘™ ƒŽŽ ’‘••‹„Ž‡ •‹†‡• ‘ˆ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ó su â ò  › ”‡’‘”–•  ƒŽ™ƒ›• –”› –‘ ˆ‹† †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– •‘—”…‡• –Šƒ– …ƒ•—’’‘”–™Šƒ– ƒ•ƒ›‹‰ äääósx 䎖Š‘—‰Šƒ“—ƒ”–‡”tv¨ …‘ˆ‹”• –Šƒ– –Š‡› …Žƒ”‹ˆ› –Š‡‹” ‘™ ’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡ ‘” †‘ ‹– †‡’‡†‹‰ ‘ –Š‡ –›’‡ ‘ˆ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘{wã ò  …Žƒ”‹ˆ› –Š‡ ’”‘’‡” ’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡ ˆ”‘ ›’‘‹– ‘ˆ ˜‹‡™ä äää  –Š‹™‡•Š‘—Ž†ƒ‡‡ƒ…—Ž’ƒá™‡•Š‘—Ž†–”›–‘‘’‡–Š‡•’‡…–”——…Š ‘”‡á„—– —•–•ƒ›•‘‡–Š‹‰ãäää–‘†ƒ›–Š‡”‡‹•ƒŠ‹‰Š’‘Žƒ”‹•ƒ–‹‘‹–‡”• ‘ˆ ‡†‹ƒ ƒ† ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ Ž‹ˆ‡ ‹ …—ƒ†‘”ó y â ò  –Š‹  …Žƒ”‹ˆ› –Š‡ ’”‘’‡” ’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡á •‘‡–‹‡•  ‰‡– –™‘á „—–  –”› –‘ •‡’ƒ”ƒ–‡á –Šƒ– ‹• ‘‡ ’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡ ƒ† –Š‡ ‘•– ƒ’’”‘’”‹ƒ–‡ ‘ ƒ ‹••—‡ó tw ä



”ƒ’Š‹…xä‹•’Žƒ›‹‰—Ž–‹’Ž‡’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡•‘”…Žƒ”‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ–Š‡‘•–ƒ’’”‘’”‹ƒ–‡’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡‹–Š‡‹”–‡”• ‘—”…‡ã”‡’ƒ”‡†„›–Š‡ƒ—–Š‘”•ä

Š‡ –Š‡ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡† Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ƒ”‡ ƒ•‡† ™Š‡–Š‡” –Š‡‹”‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘•ƒ”‡ „ƒ•‡† ‘ ’”‘˜‡ ˆƒ…–• ‘” ”—‘—”•á –Š‡ ˜ƒ•– ƒŒ‘”‹–› zy¨  …‘ˆ‹”‡† –Šƒ– „‡ˆ‘”‡ ’—„Ž‹•Š‹‰ –Š‡‹” ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ –Š‡› ”‡˜‹‡™ ƒ† …‘ˆ‹” –Š‡ ˆƒ…–•ãò  ”‡Ž› ‘ ˜‡”‹ˆ‹‡† ˆƒ…–•ä  –Š‹ ‹– …ƒ ‰‡‡”ƒ–‡ •Š‘…á •‘…‹ƒŽ …Šƒ‘• ‹ˆ ‘‡ –Š”‘™•ƒ•’‡ƒ””—‘—”‘”—˜‡”‹ˆ‹‡†‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ó{ âò‡†‘‘–”‡Ž›‡‹–Š‡” ‘ •—•’‹…‹‘• ‘” ”—‘—”•ä ‘„‡‰‹ ™‹–Šá –Š‡ ƒ™ ™‘—Ž† ‘– ƒŽŽ‘™–Šƒ–ä Š‡ –Š‡”‡ ‹• ƒ •—•’‹…‹‘ ‘” ”—‘—” ™‡ —•– „‡‰‹ –‘ †‘…—‡– ‹– –‘ˆ‹† ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‡ …”‹–‡”‹ƒó tt ä Ž–Š‘—‰Š •‘‡–‹‡• –Š‡› ”‡…‘‰‹•‡ –Šƒ– –Š‡›…ƒ „‡–Š‡•–ƒ”–‹‰’‘‹–ˆ‘”ˆ—”–Š‡””‡•‡ƒ”…Šã òŽ™ƒ›•‘ˆƒ…–•‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡†™Šƒ– ™‡†‘‹•–Šƒ–‘…‡–Š‡”‡‹•ƒ›”—‘—”‘”ƒ›•—•’‹…‹‘á™Š‹…Š ‰‹˜‡•—• –Š‡ •–ƒ†‹‰–‘‹˜‡•–‹‰ƒ–‡ƒ†“—‡•–‹‘ä †‘‘–’—„Ž‹•Šƒ›‹ˆ‘”ƒæ–‹‘—–‹Ž ‹–Šƒ•„‡‡’”‘˜‡†„›ƒ•‘—”…‡ósx ä ƒŽˆ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”‡•’‘†‡–• wt¨  •ƒ› –Š‡› ƒŽ™ƒ›• “—‘–‡ –Š‡‹” •‘—”…‡•ã ò  Šƒ˜‡ –‘ ‹†‹…ƒ–‡ ™Š‘ ›•‘—”…‡• ƒ”‡ „‡…ƒ—•‡ ‘–Š‡”™‹•‡ –Šƒ– …‘—Ž† „‡ —†‡”•æ –‘‘† ƒ• › ’‘‹– ‘ˆ ˜‹‡™á ™‹–Š –Š‡ ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘• ƒ™ ™‡ ƒ”‡ •—„Œ‡…– –‘ •—„•‡“—‡– Ž‹ƒ„‹Ž‹–›ó { â òŠ‡ ’‡”•‘ ™Š‘ †‘‡• ‘– —•‡ –Š‡ •‘—”…‡• ‹• ‘– •‹’Ž› ƒ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–ä ‘—”…‡• ƒ”‡ ‡••‡–‹ƒŽ ˆ‘” ƒ ‰‘‘† ‰”ƒ†‡ ƒ† ƒ „ƒ…—’ó



tv ä  –Š‡ ‘–Š‡” Šƒ†á ux¨ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• •ƒ›• –Š‡› †‘ ‘– “—‘–‡ –Š‡‹” •‘—”…‡• ‡˜‡”›–‹‡„‡…ƒ—•‡‘ˆã ƒ Š‡ ”‹‰Š– –‘ ƒ‘›‹–› ‘ˆ •‘—”…‡• –Šƒ– •‘‡ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–• ”‡“—‡•–ã ò‡æ ’‡†‹‰ ‘ –Š‡ •‘—”…‡ ƒ’’”‘ƒ…Šä Š‡”‡ ‹• –Š‡ ‹••—‡ ‘ˆ ‘ˆˆ –Š‡ ”‡…‘”† –Šƒ– Šƒ• –‘ „‡ ”‡•’‡…–‡†á –Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡ •‘—”…‡• –Šƒ– †‘ ‘– ™ƒ– –‘ „‡ ’—„Ž‹…ä Š‡”‡ ‹• ƒ …Ž‡ƒ” ’”‘…‡†—”‡ –Šƒ– •–ƒ–‡• –Šƒ– ƒ •‘—”…‡ –Šƒ– †‘‡• ‘– ™ƒ– –‘ „‡ ’—æ „Ž‹…•Š‘—Ž†‘–„‡—•‡†„›—•óv âò‹–Š–‡š–—ƒŽ“—‘–‡•á™‹–Š ‹–‡”’”‡–ƒ–‹‘• ‘” •—ƒ”‹‡• ‘ˆ –Š‹‰•á  ƒŽ™ƒ›• “—‘–‡ –Š‡ •‘—”…‡ ƒ† ƒŽ•‘ ‹†‹…ƒ–‡ ƒ ƒ‘›‘—••‘—”…‡™Š‘’”‡ˆ‡”•–‘•–ƒ›–Šƒ–™ƒ›ót âò‡—•–‹†‹…ƒ–‡–Š‡ •‘—”…‡• ƒ† ™Š‡ —•‹‰ –Š‡ ”‹‰Š– ‘ˆ –Š‡ …‘ˆ‹†‡–‹ƒŽ‹–› ‘ˆ •‘—”…‡•á ”‡’Žƒ…‡ –Šƒ–•‘—”…‡ˆ‘”‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘á†‘…—‡–•ótt â „ Š‡–‹‡Ž‹‹–ƒ–‹‘ –Šƒ–‡š‹•–•‹–Š‡ƒ—†‹‘˜‹•—ƒŽ‡†‹ƒã òŠ‡–Š‡”‡ƒ”‡ ‹˜‡•–‹‰ƒ–‹‘•™‹–Š—„‡”•‘”…Šƒ”–‹‰–Š‡•‘—”…‡‹•…‹–‡†‹‡†‹ƒ–‡Ž›á„—– ‹ –‡Ž‡˜‹•‹‘á –‹‡ ‹• •‘ •Š‘”– –Šƒ– •‘‡–‹‡• –Š‡”‡ ‹• ‘ –‹‡ –‘ “—‘–‡–Š‡ •‘—”…‡äääóst â … Š‡ †‹•…”‡–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ •‘—”…‡ ‹ –Š‡ ‡˜‡– –Šƒ– –Š‹• ’”‘˜‹†‡• ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘á „—– ‘– ™Š‡ ‹– ‹••—‡• ƒ ‘’‹‹‘ã ò – †‡’‡†•á ™‡ŽŽá ‹ˆ –Š‡› ƒ”‡ †‘…—‡æ –ƒ”› •‘—”…‡•á –Š‡ ”‡’‘”– ‹• ‹†‹…ƒ–‡†ä ‡†‘ ‡‡’ ‘—” •‘—”…‡• –‘ ‘—”•‡Ž˜‡• –Š‡•‘—”…‡‹ˆ–Š‹•‘‡’”‘˜‹†‡•‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘â™‡†‘‘–’”‘–‡…– –Š‡•‘—”…‡‹ –Š‡ …ƒ•‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘’‹‹‘ä ‡”‡•‡”˜‡ –Š‡ •‘—”…‡ ‹ –Š‡ …ƒ•‡ ‘ˆ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘á ‘„˜‹‘—•Ž›á ‹ –Š‡ …ƒ•‡ –Šƒ– –Š‡ •‘—”…‡ ƒ•• —• ˆ‘” ‹– ƒ† ‹ˆ ‘–á ™‡ ‹†‹…ƒ–‡ ‹–óts â † ‹••—‡•‹˜‘Ž˜‹‰ƒ…”‹‡áƒ†—–‹Ž–Š‡ˆƒ…–‹•’”‘˜‡ãò ˆ–Š‡”‡‹•ƒ ‹••—‡ –Šƒ– ƒ› Šƒ˜‡ ƒ •‹‰‹ˆ‹…ƒ…‡ –Šƒ– ‹˜‘Ž˜‡• ƒ …”‹‡á ƒ ‰”‘•• –Š‹‰á –Š‡”‡™‡…‘—Ž†—•‡‹–„—–ƒ•Ž‘‰ƒ•–Š‡ˆƒ…–‹•…‘–”ƒ•–‡†óv ä



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”ƒ’Š‹…y䕇‘ˆ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘•‘—”…‡• ‘—”…‡ã”‡’ƒ”‡†„›–Š‡ƒ—–Š‘”•ä

Š‡ —•‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹˜‡”–‡† ’›”ƒ‹† ‹• …‘•‹†‡”‡† –Š‡ ‘•– …‘–”‘˜‡”•‹ƒŽ ‘„æ Œ‡…–‹˜‡‡–Š‘†ƒ……‘”†‹‰–‘–Š‡”‡•’‘•‡•áƒŽ–Š‘—‰ŠŠƒŽˆwr¨  ƒˆˆ‹” –Š‡› ƒŽ™ƒ›• ‘” •‘‡–‹‡• —•‡ ‹–ã ò‡•á Š‡”‡ ‹ –Š‡ ‡™•’ƒ’‡” ‹– ‹• ƒŽ™ƒ›• –Š‡ •–”‘‰‡•–‘‡áˆ‹”•– ‰‡––Š‡•–‘”›á–Š‡‹–‹•–Š‘”‘—‰ŠŽ›ƒƒŽ›•‡†ƒ† †”ƒ™ –Š‡ …‘…Ž—•‹‘ ˆ”‘ ‡˜‡”›–Š‹‰ó us â ò‡• ƒ† ‘ä Šƒ– ‹•á Ž‡–ï• •ƒ› ‹–Šƒ• ‡˜‘Ž˜‡† ƒ „‹–á –Šƒ– –”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽ …‘…‡’–ä  †‘ ‘– –Š‹ ‹– •Š‘—Ž† „‡…‘‡ƒ •–”ƒ‹–Œƒ…‡–óy âò‡‹‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽŽ›á–Š‡‹˜‡”–‡†’›”ƒ‹†‹••–‹ŽŽ‡‡†‡†á„—–‡™ –Š‡‘”‹‡• ‘ˆ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ •ƒ› ‹– ‹• ‘– ƒ• ‡…‡••ƒ”› ƒ• ‹– ‘…‡ ™ƒ•äŠƒ– ‹•–”—‡‹•–Šƒ–ƒ‰‘‘†’‹‡…‡‘ˆ‡™•Šƒ•–‘ƒ•™‡”ƒŽŽ–Š‡•‡ “—‡•–‹‘•ótv ⃠“—ƒ”–‡”•ƒ›–Šƒ––Š‡›‡˜‡”†‘‹–á–Š‡›‡’Ž‘›‘–Š‡”‡–Š‘†•‘”†‘‘–ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™ ƒ› ’ƒ”–‹…—Žƒ”ã ò‘á  Šƒ–‡ –Š‡ ‹˜‡”–‡† ’›”ƒ‹†ä ‘‡–‹‡•  —•‡ ‘–Š‡” –‡…Š‹“—‡•ä ƒ‘––”›‹‰–Š‘ƒ‡ƒ’›”ƒ‹†á „—–”ƒ–Š‡”•‘‡–Š‹‰ ‘”‡ •–”—…–—”‡†á–ƒ‹‰ƒ‘–Š‡”ˆ‹‰—”‡óv âò –”›–‘Š‘‘’‡‘’Ž‡™‹–Š•‘‡–Š‹‰ä ––Š‡„‡‰‹‹‰ƒ†ƒ––Š‡‡† ’—––Š‹‰•â •–ƒ”–™‹–Š•‘‡–Š‹‰•Š‘…‹‰ ƒ† ‡† ™‹–Š •‘‡–Š‹‰ –Šƒ– ™‹ŽŽ Ž‡ƒ˜‡ –Š‡ –Š‹‹‰ó { âò‘á  ƒŽ™ƒ›• –Š‹ ™Šƒ– –Š‡ ‘•– ‹’‘”–ƒ– –Š‹‰ ƒ„‘—– –Š‡ ‘–‡ ‹•ä  –Š‹‘ˆ ™Šƒ– ‹• ‰‘‹‰–‘ƒ‡›”‡ƒ†‡”•–ƒ›ƒ†”‡ƒ†–Š‡”‡•–‘ˆ–Š‡‘–‡óts ä ‹’‘”–ƒ–’‘‹–ƒ„‘—––Š‡—•‡‘ˆ–Š‡‹˜‡”–‡†’›”ƒ‹†ƒ•ƒ™‘”‹‰‡–Š‘† ‹• –Šƒ– s{¨ ‘ˆ ”‡•’‘†‡–• †‘ ‘– ‘™ ‹–ä Š‹• •—‰‰‡•–• –Š‡ ‡š‹•–‡…‡‘ˆƒ ˆŽƒ™ ‹ —‹˜‡”•‹–› ‡†—…ƒ–‹‘á •‹…‡ ‘”‡ –Šƒ {r¨ ‘ˆ –Š‡ •ƒ’Ž‡•–—†‹‡† ‘…‹ƒŽ ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ƒ– —‹˜‡”•‹–›á ™Š‹Ž‡ ‡ƒ”Ž› ‘‡ ˆ‹ˆ–Š ƒ†‹–•–‘‘– ‘™‹‰‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡…Žƒ••‹…‡–Š‘†•ä



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sr¨ su¨ ‡˜‡”—•‡–Š‡‹˜‡”–‡†’›”ƒ‹† —•‡†‹ˆˆ‡”‡––‡…Š‹“—‡•á‘–‘Ž›–Š‡‹˜‡”–‡†’›”ƒ‹† •‡ƒ”…Š–Š‡’ƒ”––Šƒ–‹•‰‘‹‰–‘…ƒ’–‹˜ƒ–‡–Š‡”‡ƒ†‡” Š‡—•‡†‡–Š‘††‡’‡†•‘–Š‡‰‡”‡‘”–Š‡‡†‹— †‘‘–ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™ƒ›‡–Š‘†   ƒŽ™ƒ›•—•‡–Š‡‹˜‡”–‡†’›”ƒ‹† ‘‡–‹‡• —•‡–Š‡‹˜‡”–‡†’›”ƒ‹†ƒ†•‘‡–‹‡•‘–

”ƒ’Š‹… zä ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ •–”—…–—”‡ä ˜‡”–‡† ’›”ƒ‹† ‘—”…‡ã”‡’ƒ”‡†„›–Š‡ƒ—–Š‘”•ä

‹ƒŽŽ›á ‘”‡ –Šƒ –Š”‡‡ “—ƒ”–‡”• ‘ˆ ”‡•’‘†‡–• …‘ˆ‹”‡† –Šƒ–á ‘ ƒ ’‡”æ •‘ƒŽŽ‡˜‡Žyy¨ ƒ†™‹–Š‹–Š‡‹”‡†‹ƒzs¨ á–Š‡•‡’ƒ”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ‘’‹‹‘ ‘……—”•ã ò – ‹• ƒ ƒ‹ ƒ•’‡…–á „‡…ƒ—•‡ ‘‡ –Š‹‰ ‹• ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ƒ‘–Š‡” ‘’‹‹‘ä – ‹• ‡••‡–‹ƒŽ ˆ‘” –Š‡ ”‡ƒ†‡” ‘– –‘ „‡ †‡…‡‹˜‡†ó tu â òƒ›á –‘–ƒŽŽ› ƒ‰”‡‡ä Šƒ– ‹•á …‘•‹†‡”‹‰ –Šƒ– ‘™ ‹– •Š‘—Ž† „‡ …Ž‡ƒ”Ž› •’‡æ …‹ˆ‹‡† ™Š‡ ‹– ‹• ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ™Š‡ ‹– ‹• ‘’‹‹‘á „‡…ƒ—•‡ –Š‹• ‹š–—”‡ Šƒ• „‡‡ Šƒ”ˆ—Žá †ƒ‰‡”‘—•ó y â ò‡•á Š‡”‡ ™‡ ‡‡’ –Š‡•‡ –™‘ „‘—†ƒæ ”‹‡• ˜‡”› …Ž‡ƒ”ä Š‡ ˆƒ…– ‘ˆ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ‹• ˜‡”› ”‹‰‘”‘—• ‹ Š‡”‡ä ‡”‡ ‹ –Š‡ …Šƒ‡Ž –Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡ ƒŽ•‘ ‘–Š‡” •’ƒ…‡• ‘ˆ ‘’‹‹‘ä Š‡á ‹ –Š‡•‡ •’ƒ…‡•‘ˆ ‘’‹‹‘á–Š‡”‡ƒ”‡‡š’‡”–•™Š‘…ƒ”‡˜‹‡™á‡˜‡–Š‡’”‡•‡–‡”á ƒ„‘—–…‡”–ƒ‹ •—„Œ‡…–óz âò –Š‡‡™•’ƒ’‡”‹–‹•…Ž‡ƒ”Ž›•‡’ƒ”ƒ–‡†ä‡Šƒ˜‡ –™‘’ƒ‰‡• ‘ˆ ‘’‹‹‘ ™‹–Š –Š‡ ‡†‹–‘”‹ƒŽá –Šƒ– ‹• –Š‡ ‘’‹‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡™•’ƒ’‡”ა† –Š‡ ”‡•– ‹• ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘â ‘ •‘‡ ’ƒ‰‡• –Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡ …‘Ž—• ‘ˆ ‘’‹‹‘á „—– ‘–Š‹‰‘”‡óts ä

&RQFOXVLRQV 2EMHFWLYLW\DVDMRXUQDOLVWLFLGHDO ˆ –Š‡ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡† Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•á ƒŽ‘•– ƒŽŽ „‡Ž‹‡˜‡ –Šƒ– ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–› ƒ• ƒ ‹†‡ƒŽ ‹• ‘– ƒ ‰‘ƒŽ –‘ •–”‹˜‡ ˆ‘” ‹ –Š‡‹” ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ä Š‹• ’‘•‹–‹‘ •Š‘™• Š‘™ †‡•æ ’‹–‡ –Š‡”‡ „‡‹‰ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡• ˆ”‘ ‡•–‡” Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… ‘†‡Ž•á ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ƒ…–‹˜‹–› ‹• ‰—‹†‡† „› ‹–• ‘™ •–ƒ–—–‡• ‘” •–›Ž‡ ”‡ˆ‡”‡…‡•á ™Š‹…Š ‰‹˜‡• –Š‘•‡



‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡† –Š‡‹” ‘™ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ‹†‡–‹–›â ‹˜‘‹‰ ƒ ‘†‡Ž ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•æ –‹… …—Ž–—”‡ •—’’‘”–‡† ‹ ’ƒ––‡”• †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹•– –Š‡‘”‡–‹…ƒŽ ‘ˆ–Š‡‰Ž‘惚‘’‘•‹–‹˜‹•–Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ä –•Š‘—Ž†‘–„‡ˆ‘”‰‘––‡–Šƒ––Š‡”‡ƒ”‡…‡”–ƒ‹—ƒ…‡•–Šƒ–ƒ”‡‡••‡–‹ƒŽ ‹—†‡”•–ƒ†‹‰…—ƒ†‘”‹ƒŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡äŠ‡”‡•’‘•‡•‘„–ƒ‹‡†á ‹ ƒ› …ƒ•‡•á ƒ”‡ ƒ„‹‰—‘—• ƒ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ –Š‡ ‹†‡ƒ ‘ˆ ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–› ƒ• ƒ ‹†‡ƒŽ„‡…ƒ—•‡áƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š–Š‡›„‡Ž‹‡˜‡‹–‹•‘–ƒ‰‘ƒŽáƒ“—ƒ”–‡”„‡Ž‹‡˜‡•–Šƒ– –Š‡›…ƒ„‡‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‡‡˜‡‹ˆ‘–‘‡Š—†”‡†’‡”…‡–䇐…‡áƒŽ–Š‘—‰Šƒ– ˆ‹”•––Š‡‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡†Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•”‡Œ‡…–‡•–‡”•–ƒ†ƒ”†•á–Š‹•ƒ…–‹‘…ƒ ‘……—”—…‘•…‹‘—•Ž›á•‹’Ž›†—‡–‘‹…‘’‡–‡…‡‘”‘–Š‡””‡ƒ•‘•ä ‡•’‘†‡–• †‹•”‡‰ƒ”† –Š‡ ’Š‹Ž‘•‘’Š‹…ƒŽ …‘…‡’– ƒ••‘…‹ƒ–‡† ™‹–Š ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹æ –› –‘ Ž‡ƒ ‘ ‹–• ’”ƒ…–‹…ƒŽ ƒ–—”‡ä ……‘”†‹‰Ž›á ˆ‘” –Š‡ ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–› ‹•ã s  –‘ •‹’Ž› †‡•…”‹„‡ ‡™• ‡˜‡–•â t  –‘ ƒ˜‘‹† –Š‡ „—”†‡ ‘ˆ ‘’‹‹‘ ˆ”‘ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–â u  –‘ ‰‡– ƒ• ‡ƒ” ƒ• ’‘••‹„Ž‡ –‘ ”‡ƒŽ‹–›â v  –‘ ”‡ˆ‡” –‘ ƒ •–‘”› ƒ• …Ž‘•‡Ž› ƒ• ’‘••‹„Ž‡â w  –‘ …‘ˆ‘” –‘ ”—Ž‡• ‘” ’ƒ”ƒ‡–‡”• †‡ˆ‹‡† ‹ Œ‘—”æ ƒŽ‹•â x  –‘ ƒ˜‘‹† ‹–‡”ˆ‡”‹‰ ‹ ’‡”•‘ƒŽ ‘” ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ‘’‹‹‘ ‹ –Š‡‹” ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘–‡•â ƒ† y  –‘ ’”‘˜‹†‡ „ƒŽƒ…‡† ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ „ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡ ’Ž—”ƒŽ‹–› ‘ˆ ˜‘‹…‡•ä Š‹• ƒ„‹‰—‹–› „‡–™‡‡ –Š‡ ‹†‡ƒŽ ƒ† ’”ƒ…–‹…‡ Ž‡ƒ†• –‘ ƒ •‹–—ƒ–‹‘ ‹ ™Š‹…Š ‘”‡ –Šƒ ŠƒŽˆ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡† ƒ…‘™Ž‡†‰‡ –Šƒ– ‹– ‹• ‘– ’‘••‹„Ž‡ –‘ ƒ…Š‹‡˜‡ ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–› ˆ—ŽŽ› ‘” ’ƒ”–‹ƒŽŽ› ƒ† –Š‡› ‡˜‡ ƒ…‘™Ž‡†‰‡ –Šƒ– –Š‡ ˆ‹ƒŽ ‘—–…‘‡ †‡’‡†•‘ –Š‡ ’‘‹– ‘ˆ ˜‹‡™ ‘ˆ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–  ƒ†á›‡–á–Š‡›†‘‘–”‡Œ‡…–‹–ƒ•ƒ‡–Š‘†á–‘–Š‡’‘‹–‘ˆƒ……‡’æ –‹‰ •‘‡ ™‘”‹‰ ‡–Š‘†• „ƒ•‡† ‘ ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–› –Šƒ– …‘‡ ˆ”‘ ‡•–‡” …‘—–”‹‡•ä Š‹• ’”ƒš‹‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ ‹–‡”’”‡–ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ …‘…‡’– ‘ˆ ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–› …‘‡• ˆ”‘ •‘‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… •–ƒ†ƒ”†• Ž‡ƒ”‡†á ’”‘„ƒ„Ž› ƒ– —‹˜‡”•‹–›á ƒ† ˆ”‘ –Š‡ •–”‘‰‘”ƒŽ‹•‹‰‹ˆŽ—‡…‡†‡”‹˜‡†ˆ”‘–Š‡‡™Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹‘ƒ†”‡‰—Žƒ–‘”• ƒ†…‘–”‘ŽŽ‡”‘”‰ƒ‹••‘ˆ–Š‡–ƒ–‡äŽ–Š‘—‰Š–Š‹•…‘…‡’–”—•–Š‡ ”‹• ‘ˆ „‡…‘‹‰á ƒ• ‡•–”‡’‘ trrsã st  •–ƒ–‡•á òƒ ‡…Šƒ‹…ƒŽ ‹†‡ƒ ‘ˆ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–›á ’”‘†—…‡” ‘ˆ •‹’Ž‹•–‹… ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ó ƒ••‘…‹ƒ–‡† ™‹–Š ƒ ‡’–› ‹†‡ƒ ‘ˆ ò”‡•’‘•‹„Ž‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•óä ‘– •—”’”‹•‹‰Ž›á ‹– Š‹‰ŠŽ‹‰Š–• –Š‡ …‘•–ƒ– ”‡ˆ‡”‡…‡ ‘ˆ ”‡•’‘†‡–• –‘ –Š‡ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ”—Ž‡• ƒ† •ƒ…–‹‘•  ƒ• ƒ –‘‘Ž–‘‰—‹†‡–Š‡‹”Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹…™‘”ä Š‡ ”‡•—Ž–• •Š‘™ –Šƒ– ƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š ƒŽ‘•– ŠƒŽˆ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡† Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ƒˆˆ‹” –Šƒ– ”‡ƒŽ‹–› …ƒ‘– „‡ ˆƒ‹–Šˆ—ŽŽ› ”‡’”‡•‡–‡†á ƒ‘–Š‡” –Š‹”† ”‡•’‘†



–Šƒ– ƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š –Š‹• …ƒ‘– „‡ †‘‡ –Š‡› …ƒ ‰‡– …Ž‘•‡ –‘ ‹– „› —•‹‰ …‡”–ƒ‹ ‡–Š‘†•ä Š‹• ”‡•—Ž– ‹• †‹”‡…–Ž› ”‡Žƒ–‡† –‘ –Š‡ ƒ„‘˜‡ „‡…ƒ—•‡ ‹–”‡ˆŽ‡…–•–Š‡ †‡–ƒ…Š‡– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡† Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• –‘ ’Š‹Ž‘•‘’Š‹…ƒŽ …‘…‡’–••—…Š ƒ• ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–›á –”—–Š ‘” ”‡ƒŽ‹–› « ™Š‹…Š ƒ”‡ ’”‡•‡–‡† ƒ• –‘‘ –Š‡‘”‡–‹…ƒŽ ƒ† ˆƒ” ˆ”‘ †ƒ›æ–‘憃› ™‘”â ƒ†Œ—•–‹‰ ‹– –‘ ƒ ’”ƒ‰ƒ–‹… Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹…‘†‡Žä ‘”‡ •‘ ™Š‡ –Š‡‹” ”‡•’‘•‡• ƒŽŽ—†‡ –‘ –Š‡ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’ „‡–™‡‡ –Š‡ ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–› ƒ† –Š‡ –›’‡• ‘ˆ ‡†‹ƒ –‡Ž‡˜‹•‹‘á ”ƒ†‹‘ ƒ† ’”‡••  ƒ† –Š‡ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ˆ‘”ƒ–• –‘ Œ—•–‹ˆ› Ž‹‹–ƒ–‹‘• ‹ •Š‘™‹‰ ”‡ƒŽ‹–› ‹ ƒ –”—–Šˆ—Ž ™ƒ›ä ‹ƒŽŽ›á ƒ† †‡•’‹–‡–Š‡ †‘—„–•‡š’”‡••‡† „› ”‡•’‘†‡–• ƒ„‘—– ‹–á ‹–‡”æ ˜‹‡™‡† Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• †‡ˆ‡† ƒ ‹†‡ƒŽ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• „ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡ …‘…‡’– ‘ˆ ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–›ƒ•ƒ™ƒ›‘ˆŒ—•–‹ˆ›‹‰–Š‡‹”’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹•äŠ‹•ˆ‹ƒŽ…‘…Ž—•‹‘‹• …‘•‹•–‡– ™‹–Š ™Šƒ– ™ƒ• •—‰‰‡•–‡† „› ƒƒ† trst  ™Š‘ •–ƒ–‡• –Šƒ– –Š‡ •…Š‡‡‘ˆ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–›áŽ‘‰”‡‹‰‹‰‹–Š‹•†‹•…‹’Ž‹‡á Šƒ•„‡‰—–‘…”—„Ž‡á ™Š‹Ž‡ ‹– ‹• •–‹ŽŽ ‡Œ‘›‹‰ ‰”‡ƒ– ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡ ‘ ”‡’‘”–‡”• ƒ† ‡†‹ƒƒƒ‰‡”•ä ‘ ™Š‡ …Žƒ‹‹‰ƒ‰‘‘†’”‘†—…–á ƒ……—”ƒ…›á†‡’–Š ƒ†‡–Š‹…•‹ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… ’‹‡…‡•áƒ› •–‹ŽŽ ”‡ˆ‡” –‘  —•– „‡ ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‡ï䋍‡™‹•‡á™Š‡ ‘‡ ™ƒ–• ’”‘•‡…—–‡ –Š‹• ’”‘†—…–á ‹– ‹• •ƒ‹† –Šƒ– ‹• Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ‹•‘–‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‡ï䊋• •‹–—ƒ–‹‘á‹–Š‡‹…‘‰”—‘—•„ƒ…‰”‘—†á…ƒ—•‡•”‡•’‘†‡–• ‡˜‡” –‘ ”‡ˆ‡” ‡š’Ž‹…‹–Ž› –‘ ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–› ƒ• ƒ ‹†‡ƒ –Šƒ– •Š‘—Ž† „‡”‡Œ‡…–‡†‘”‘‹––‡†ˆ”‘ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ä

2EMHFWLYLW\DVDMRXUQDOLVWLFPHWKRG Š‡ ƒ„‘˜‡ ”‡•—Ž–• •Š‘™ –Šƒ– –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡† ƒ••‘…‹ƒ–‡ –Š‡ …‘æ …‡’–‘ˆ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–›™‹–Šƒƒ†‡“—ƒ–‡’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ’”ƒ…–‹…‡ä ‘”–Š‡á –Š‡ƒ‹ ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–›•–”ƒ–‡‰‹‡•ƒ”‡ãs ‡’ƒ”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ƒ†‘’‹‹‘ˆ”‘ „‘–Š –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•– ƒ† –Š‡ ‡˜‹”‘‡–â t  –Š‡ „ƒ•‹• ‘ˆ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘‘ ’”‘˜‡ ˆƒ…–• ƒ† ‘– –—”‹‰ –‘ ”—‘—”•â u  –Š‡ …‘•–”—…–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡‹”‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ „ƒ•‡†‘–Š‡’Ž—”ƒŽ‹–›‘ˆ•‘—”…‡•âv –Š‡—•‡‘ˆƒ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‡Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡«™”‹––‡ ƒ† ƒ—†‹‘˜‹•—ƒŽá ™‹–Š‘—– ƒ†Œ‡…–‹˜‡•á —‹–‡–‹‘ƒŽ ƒ† ™‹–Š‘—– ƒ› ‹…Ž‹ƒ–‹‘â ƒ† w  –Š‡ ˜‡”‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘ƒ† ƒ—–Š‡–‹…ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ •‘—”…‡•…‘•—Ž–‡†ä Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡ ‘–Š‡” ‡–Š‘†• –Šƒ– ”‡•’‘†‡–• …‘•‹†‡” ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‡ ƒ† –Šƒ– –Š‡› ‡’Ž‘›á –‘ ƒ Ž‡••‡” ‡š–‡–ã s  ‘‹‰ –‘ ‘ˆˆ‹…‹ƒŽ ‘” ‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ •‘—”…‡•â t  –Š‡ —•‡ ‘ˆ “—‘–ƒ–‹‘ ƒ”• ‹ …‹–ƒ–‹‘•â u  –Š‡ †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– ‘ˆ –”—‡ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘â ƒ† v  ƒ†Š‡”‹‰ –‘ –Š‡ •–›Ž‡„‘‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒä



– …ƒ „‡ •‡‡ Š‘™ •‘‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡•‡ •–”ƒ–‡‰‹‡• …‘•‹†‡”‡† ƒ• ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‡á ™Š‹…Š •Š‘™–Š‡‹ˆŽ—‡…‡•‡š‡”–‡†‘Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ˆ”‘–Š‡‹”ˆ‡ƒ”‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽŽ‡˜‡Ž «ƒ†–Š‡‘—–‡”•–”—…–—”‡••—…Šƒ•’—„Ž‹…‹•–‹–—–‹‘•ƒ†’‘Ž‹…‹‡•«•›•–‡• Ž‡˜‡Ž «ä Š‡”‡ ‹• ƒŽ•‘ –Š‡ ’‘••‹„‹Ž‹–› –Šƒ– –Š‡•‡ •–ƒ–‡‡–• ƒ”‡ —•‡†„› –Š‡ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡† Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•–‘ •Š‘™ ƒ……‡’–ƒ…‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡š‹•–‹‰ Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹‘{xá –Š‡ ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ †‹•…‘—”•‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ƒ† –Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡–ä ‡‰ƒ”†‹‰ –Š‡ •–”—…–—”‹‰ ‘ˆ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘á ƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š ŠƒŽˆ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡† Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• •ƒ‹† –Š‡› •–‹ŽŽ —•‡ –Š‡ ‹˜‡”–‡† ’›”ƒ‹† ”‡…‘‰‹•‹‰ ‹– ƒ• ƒ ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‡ ‡–Š‘† á ‘‡æˆ‹ˆ–Š •ƒ‹† –Š‡› †‹† ‘– ‘™ ™Šƒ– –Š‹• ‡–Š‘† ‹•ä – ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™• –Šƒ–á ƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š ƒŽ‘•– ‘‡ Š—†”‡† ’‡”…‡– ‘ˆ –Š‡ •ƒ’Ž‡ •–—†‹‡† ‹ –Š‡ ƒ…—Ž–› ‘ˆ ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ƒ– ‹˜‡”•‹–›á –Š‡› †‹† ‘– ”‡…‡‹˜‡ –Š‡‘æ ”‡–‹…ƒŽ –”ƒ‹‹‰ ‹ ‹–ä  ƒ††‹–‹‘á –‡ ’‡”…‡– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”‡•’‘†‡–• •ƒ‹† –Šƒ– –Š‡› —•‡ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– •–”—…–—”‡• Ž‘‘‹‰ –‘ ƒ––”ƒ…– –Š‡‹” ƒ—†‹‡…‡â •Š‘™‹‰ –Š‡ ‡š–”‡‡ …‘‡”…‹ƒŽ ƒ–—”‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ƒ”‡– …ƒ—•‡• ƒ† –Š‡ •‡ƒ”…Š ˆ‘” ƒ—†‹‡…‡•á •‘ –Šƒ– –Š‡› ‹’Ž‹…‹–Ž› ”‡…‘‰‹•‡ –Š‡ ’ƒ”–‹ƒŽ ”‡—…‹ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–›‹ˆƒ˜‘—”‘ˆ‘–Š‡”…”‹–‡”‹ƒä Ž–Š‘—‰Š ‘”‡ –Šƒ ƒ ŠƒŽˆ ‘ˆ ”‡•’‘†‡–• ƒˆˆ‹” –Š‡› ƒŽ™ƒ›• “—‘–‡ –Š‡‹” •‘—”…‡•á –Š‡› ”‡…‘‰‹•‡ –Šƒ– •‘‡–‹‡• –Š‡› …ƒ‘– †‘ •‘ „‡…ƒ—•‡ã s  –Š‡ ”‹‰Š– –‘ ”‡•‡”˜‡ –Š‡ ƒ‡• ‘ˆ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–•â t  –Š‡ –‹‡ Ž‹‹–ƒ–‹‘ –Šƒ– ‡š‹•–• ‹ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒâ u  –Š‡ …‘ˆ‹†‡–‹ƒŽ‹–› ‘ˆ –Š‡ •‘—”…‡ ”‡‰ƒ”†‹‰…‡”–ƒ‹’‡”•‘ƒŽ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆˆ –Š‡ ”‡…‘”† â ƒ† v  –Š‡ ƒ„•‡…‡ ‘ˆ ƒ …‘†‡ƒ–‘”› •‡–‡…‡ ˆ”‘ ƒ Œ—†‰‡ ‹ ƒ ƒŽŽ‡‰‡† …”‹‡ä

‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•…‘•‹†‡”–Š‹•”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’™‹–Š–Š‡‹”•‘—”…‡•ˆ”‘ƒ‘ˆˆ‹…‹ƒŽ’‘‹– ‘ˆ ˜‹‡™á ‘™‹‰ ‡šƒ…–Ž› ™Š‡ –Š‡› …ƒ ƒ† …ƒ‘– ƒ‡ —•‡ ‘ˆ –Š‹• ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘â ’”‘˜‹†‹‰ ‡˜‹†‡…‡á ƒ‰ƒ‹á –Šƒ– Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• …Ž‡ƒ”Ž› ‘™ –Š‡ Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹‘ –Šƒ– ”‡•–• ‘ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ƒ† –Š‡ ”‹•• ‘ˆ „‡‹‰ ’—‹•Š‡† ‹ …ƒ•‡ ‘ˆ „”‡ƒ‹‰ –Š‡ Žƒ™•ä Š‹• ˆ‡ƒ–—”‡ •Š‘™• –Šƒ– Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ˆ‡‡Ž ’”‡••—”‡ ˆ”‘ –Š‡‡…Šƒ‹••ƒ†…‘–”‘Žƒ‰‡…‹‡•‘ˆ–Š‡–ƒ–‡ä ‹ƒŽŽ›á –Š‡ ”‡•—Ž–• •Š‘™ –Šƒ– ”‡•’‘†‡–• …‘•‹†‡” ƒ ‹†‡ƒŽ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• „ƒ•‡†‘–Š‡…‘…‡’–‘ˆ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–›ƒ•ƒ‡ƒ•‘ˆŒ—•–‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘ˆ‘”–Š‡ ’”‘æ ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•äŠ‹•ƒ––‹–—†‡‹•…Ž‡ƒ”Ž›‹ˆŽ—‡…‡†„›–Š‡”‡æ …‡–‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘•ƒ™‘ˆtrsuƒ†–Š‡™‘”‘ˆ”‡‰—Žƒ–‘”›„‘†‹‡•‘ˆ–Š‡ –ƒ–‡–Šƒ–ƒ”‡…ƒ””›‹‰‘—–ƒ’”‘…‡••‘ˆ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ƒ†ƒŽŽ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ•‹˜‘Ž˜‡†‘””‡Žƒ–‡†–‘–Š‡‡š‡”…‹•‡‘ˆ…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ä



‹‹Žƒ”Ž›á „ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡ ƒ•™‡”• ‘ˆ ”‡•’‘†‡–•á …—ƒ†‘” ™‘—Ž† ”‡ƒ‹ ™‹–Š‹ –Š‡ …‘—–”‹‡• –Šƒ– ”‡’”‡•‡– –Š‡ ‹–‡”‡†‹ƒ–‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡• ™Š‡”‡ –Š‡”‡ ‹• ƒ Š›„”‹†‹•ƒ–‹‘ „‡–™‡‡ …‡”–ƒ‹ ‹†‡ƒ• ƒ† –”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽ ‹†‹‰‡‘—• ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ’”ƒ…–‹…‡• ƒ† ’”ƒ…–‹…‡• ˆ”‘ ‘—–•‹†‡ä  –Š‡ ‘–Š‡” Šƒ†á –Š‡ †‹”‡…– ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡ ‘ˆ ‘˜‡”‡–á Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ”‡‰—Žƒ–‘”› ‘”‰ƒ‹•• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ ‡š‡”– ƒŒ‘” ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡• ‘ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ƒ† –Š‡‹” ‹†‡ƒ•‘ˆ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–›ä 1RWHV {r – ’”‡•‡– ‹– ‹• †‹ˆˆ‹…—Ž– –‘ ƒ˜‘‹† —•‹‰ –Š‡ –‡”• ò‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–›æ•—„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–›ó ˆƒ…‡† ‹ ƒ ’‘•‹–‹˜‹•– ‡› —Ó‘œæ‘æ””‡•á trrt ä  –Š‹• •‡•‡á ò™‡ ™‘—Ž† –ƒŽ ƒ„‘—– •—„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–› ™Š‡ ’”‡•‡–‹‰ –Š‡ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘á –Š‡ ƒ…–‹˜‡ ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ—–Š‘”‘ˆ–Š‡ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘‹•”‡ˆŽ‡…–‡†áƒ„ƒ†‘‹‰–Š‡…‘…‡’–‘ˆ ‹’ƒ”–‹ƒŽ‹–›ó•‹‡Šátrrzãtss ä {s ƒ…Žƒ— trrr •–ƒ–‡• –Šƒ– –Š‡ –™‘ …‘…‡’–• ƒ”‡ ‘– ƒ–ƒ‰‘‹•–‹…á „—– –Š‡› ‡‡† ‡ƒ…Š ‘–Š‡”ä {t ‘‡•–—†‹‡•Šƒ˜‡•Š‘™–Šƒ––Š‡•‡–‡…Š‹“—‡•‘ˆƒ’’ƒ”‡–‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–›ƒ…–—ƒŽŽ›ƒ”‡ƒ •–”ƒ–‡‰›–‘–ƒ‡•‹†‡•ƒ†–‘…‘˜‡”‡‰ƒ–‹˜‹•ƒ•–”‘‹Žƒ†Šƒ˜‡”‘átrstá ‘œžŽ‡œ ƒ†Šƒ˜‡”‘átrsu ä {u Š‡”‡‹•ƒ…‘’ƒ”‹•‘„‡–™‡‡–”—–Šƒ†‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–›ä {v —Ž‡•ˆ‘”™”‹–‹‰ƒŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… ƒ”–‹…Ž‡ä {w Š‹…Š‹•ƒ™ƒ›–‘”‡…‘‰‹•‡–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•– ‹–‡”˜‡–‹‘ä {x ä ”–ä sräuä ‘ ”‡•’‡…– –Š‡ …‘•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ „—†‰‡–• ‘ˆ ˜‡”‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘á –‹‹‰á …‘–‡š– ƒ† …‘–”ƒ•– ‹ –Š‡ †‹••‡æ‹ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ’—„Ž‹… ‹’‘”–ƒ…‡ ‘” ‰‡‡”ƒŽ ‹–‡”‡•–â Šä ‘ ‡š‡”…‹•‡ ƒ† –‘ ”‡•’‡…– –Š‡ ”‹‰Š–• –‘ –Š‡”‡•‡”˜‡ ‘ˆ •‘—”…‡ ƒ† ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ •‡…”‡…›â ä ‘”‡•’‡…– …‘’›”‹‰Š– ƒ† ”—Ž‡• ‘ˆ “—‘–ƒ–‹‘â ˆä ‘—‡“—‹˜‘…ƒŽŽ› †‹•–‹‰—‹•Š „‡–™‡‡ ‡™• ƒ† ‘’‹‹‘•â ‰ä ‘…Ž‡ƒ”Ž› †‹•–‹‰—‹•Š „‡–™‡‡ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹˜‡ ƒ–‡”‹ƒŽá ‡†‹–‘”‹ƒŽ ƒ–‡”‹ƒŽƒ†ƒ”‡–‹‰‘”’—„Ž‹…‹–›ƒ–‡”‹ƒŽä



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Šƒ˜‡”‘á trsu á ‡™ –‡…Š‘Ž‘‰‹‡•á ƒ† ‡™ •‘…‹ƒŽ …‘†‹–‹‘• ƒ”†á trryâ trr{ ä  –Š‹• ”‡‰ƒ”†•á ò‡–Š‹…ƒŽ „‡Šƒ˜‹‘—”• Šƒ˜‡ „‡‡ Ž‡‰‹–‹‹•‡† ƒ• ƒ ‡…‡••ƒ”›•…‹‡–‹ˆ‹…ˆ‹‡Ž†™‹–Š‹‘…‹ƒŽ…‹‡…‡•ó”‡˜‹Ó‘ás{zxãxrs ä  ƒ†æ †‹–‹‘áò–Š‡•‡‡–Š‹…ƒŽ’”‹…‹’Ž‡•ƒ”‡‘–—•‡†‘Ž›–‘•—‰‰‡•–Š‘™Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• •Š‘—Ž†„‡Šƒ˜‡á„—–ƒŽ•‘–‘†‡ˆ‹‡™Š‘–Š‡› ƒ”‡ó‹‰‡”átrsvãxy ᆔƒ™‹‰ ƒ …‹”…Ž‡ –Šƒ– ’”‘–‡…–• ò—•ó Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•  ƒ† ‡š…Ž—†‡• ò–Š‡óá ƒŽŽ ’‡‘’Ž‡ ™Š‘ ƒ”‡‘–Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•…Š—†•‘ƒ††‡”•‘átrr{⋐‰‡”átrsv ä …Š—†•‘ s{{x  •’‡ƒ• ‘ˆ –Š”‡‡ ’‘‹–• –‘ …‘•‹†‡” ‹ –Š‡ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹˜‡ ’”‘æ †—…–‹‘ƒ†–Šƒ–—•–„‡‡’–‹‹†™Š‡ƒƒŽ›•‹‰Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹…‡–Š‹…•ãs  –Š‡ ‡…‘‘‹… ƒ† ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡• ™Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡– –”‡†• ƒ”‡ ”‡ˆŽ‡…æ –‡†{yá ƒ• ™‡ŽŽ ƒ• –Š‡ ’‘‹– ‘ˆ ˜‹‡™ ‘” …‘–”‘Ž ‘ˆ –Š‡ –ƒ–‡{zâ t  –Š‡ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡ ‘ˆ •‘…‹ƒŽ ‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘• ‹ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… ’”‘…‡••‡•â ƒ† u  ’‡”•‘æ ƒŽ ƒ† ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’• ˆ”‘ ƒ …—Ž–—”ƒŽ ’‘‹– ‘ˆ ˜‹‡™ „ƒ•‡† ‘ •›„‘Ž‹… ƒ•’‡…–•ä ‡‰ƒ”†‹‰ƒ”‡–”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘á–Š‡…‘”’‘”ƒ–‡•–”—…–—”‡‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒ •‘‡æ –‹‡•Ž‡ƒ†• òŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•–‘‡‰ƒ‰‡‹ƒ†‹ƒŽ‘‰—‡„‡–™‡‡–Š‡‹”’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘æ ƒŽ‹†‡ƒ•ƒ†–Š‡„‡‡ˆ‹–•’”‘†—…‡†„›ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰–Š‡Ž‹‡‘ˆ„—•‹‡•• ƒ† ˆ‹ƒ…‹ƒŽ‡†‹ƒ‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘•ó‡”‘™‹–œƒ†‹‘”átrruãyzv ä Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡•–—†‹‡•á•—…Šƒ•–Š‡‘‡…ƒ””‹‡†‘—–„›–ƒ˜‹–•›ƒ†˜‘”‹trrz  ƒ„‘—–Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•‹–Š‡‹–‡†–ƒ–‡•á™Š‹…Š•—‰‰‡•––Šƒ–‹ˆ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ ‰—‹†‡æ Ž‹‡•ƒ”‡•‹‹Žƒ”ƒ†•Š‘—Ž†„‡‹’Ž‡‡–‡†„ƒ•‡†‘•‘Ž‹†˜ƒŽ—‡•á™Š›‹• –Š‡”‡–Š‹•”‡Žƒ–‹˜‡†‹ˆˆ‡”‡…‡„‡–™‡‡…‘‡”…‹ƒŽƒ†’—„Ž‹…‡†‹ƒë‡ ‹‰Š–”‡•’‘†ˆ”‘•‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡ƒŒ‘”•–—†‹‡•„ƒ•‡†‘‡–Š‹…ƒŽ‰—‹†‡Ž‹‡• ‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•™Š‡”‡–Š‡†‹•–‹…–‹‘‹•ƒ†‡„‡–™‡‡’”‹˜ƒ–‡ƒ†’—„Ž‹…‘” –ƒ–‡‡†‹ƒäŠ‡›…Žƒ‹–Šƒ–Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•–Šƒ–™‘”‹–Š‡…‘‡”…‹ƒŽ‡†‹ƒ ƒ”‡‡š’‘•‡†–‘Žƒ”‰‡…‘‡”…‹ƒŽ’”‡••—”‡•–Šƒ–Ž‡ƒ†–Š‡–‘Šƒ˜‡ƒ•–”‘‰ ”‡Žƒ–‹˜‹• ƒ† ƒ Ž‘™ Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘ˆ ‹†‡ƒŽ‹• Žƒ‹•ƒ…‡á‡™‡• ƒ† ƒ‹–œ•…Šá trst 䇐…‡á‹–‹••Š‘™Š‘™‡†‹ƒ‘™‡”•Š‹’’Žƒ›•ƒƒŒ‘””‘Ž‡‹–Š‡ ‹†‡ƒ•ƒ†‡–Š‹…ƒŽ„‡Šƒ˜‹‘—”‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ä —””‡–Ž›á…—ƒ†‘”‡†‹ƒŽƒ†•…ƒ’‡‹•…Šƒ‰‹‰†”ƒƒ–‹…ƒŽŽ›áƒ†™‹–Š‹–á‹–• ƒ”‡– ‘†‡Žä ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ ƒ…‹žæƒ”„‡” trsvã {z á ò–Š‡ …”‹•‹• ‘ˆ –Š‡ „—•‹‡•• ‘†‡Ž ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ •Š‘—Ž† „‡ …‘•‹†‡”‡† ƒ• ƒ ‡š…‡ŽŽ‡– ‘’’‘”æ –—‹–› –‘ •–”‡‰–Š‡ –Š‡‹” •‡Žˆ ”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘óä Ž–Š‘—‰Š –Š‹• •‡Žˆ ”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘á ‰‘˜‡”‡†Œ—•–‘…‘”’‘”ƒ–‡‘”‹†‡‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ’ƒ”ƒ‡–‡”•áŠƒ•’”‘˜‡‘––‘™‘” ‡ˆˆ‹…‹‡–Ž›ˆ‘”–Š‡’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘á„‡…ƒ—•‡…‹–‹œ‡•ƒ”‡”‡Ž‡‰ƒ–‡†–‘–Š‡„ƒ…‰”‘—† Šƒ˜‡”‘á trsw ä Š‡•‡ ”‡ƒ•‘• Šƒ˜‡ „‡‡ ƒ••‹‹Žƒ–‡† „› –Š‡…—ƒ†‘”‹ƒ



‘˜‡”‡–‹‹–•†‡…‹•‹‘æƒ‹‰…‘–”‘Ž‘˜‡”–Š‡”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒä Šƒ– †‡–‡”‹ƒ–‹‘ …ƒ””‹‡• ”‹•• „‡…ƒ—•‡ ò–Š‡ ’”‡•• ‹•áˆ”‘ ‹–• ‘”‹‰‹•á ƒ ”‡ˆ”ƒ…–‘”›Ž‹„‡”ƒŽ ƒ…–‹˜‹–›–‘‡š–‡”ƒŽ”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘•–Šƒ–‘ˆ–‡ ”‡•–”‹…––Š‡”‹‰Š– –‘ ˆ”‡‡ ‡š’”‡••‹‘ä Š‡á –Š‡ ‹‹–‹ƒ–‹˜‡• –ƒ‡ „› Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• …‘–”‹„—–‡ –‘ …‘—–‡”ƒ…––Š‡‡ƒ•—”‡•–Šƒ–•‡‡–‘”‡‰—Žƒ–‡ƒ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ˆ”‘–Š‡‘—–•‹†‡ó ƒ†‘átrrzãtst 䊇…‡áƒ……‘”†‹‰–‘Š‹æ–‡ trrz á–Š‡”‡ƒ”‡•–ƒ–—–‘”› ’”‘’‘•ƒŽ• ‘ˆ ”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ „› –Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡–«•‘‡„‡––‡”–Šƒ ‘–Š‡”•ä ‘™‡˜‡”á ƒ• –Š‹• ƒ—–Š‘” ‡š’”‡••‡•á –Š‡ „‡•– ƒ”‡ ‘”‰ƒ‹•‡† „› Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ™‹–Š ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ …‹˜‹Ž •‘…‹‡–›á‹…Ž—†‹‰ ‹‘”‹–› ƒ† ‡•’‡…‹ƒŽŽ›˜—Ž‡”ƒ„Ž‡‰”‘—’•ä ‘–™‹–Š•–ƒ†‹‰ –Š‡ ˆ‘”‡‰‘‹‰á –ƒ–‡ ‹–‡”˜‡–‹‘‹• ‹• •‘‡–‹‡• Œ—•–‹ˆ‹‡† „‡…ƒ—•‡ –Š‡ ”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ •–ƒ†ƒ”†• ‹• …‘‡…–‡† ™‹–Š –Š‡ †‡˜‡Ž‘æ ’‡– ‘ˆ ’—„Ž‹… ”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ •›•–‡ ”‹…‡á ‘œ—‹Ž‘™‹…œ ƒ† ‡”Š—Ž•–átrrt⃔†átrr{ 䎖Š‘—‰Š–Š‡•–ƒ–—•‘ˆ–Š‡‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘—•– „‡ –ƒ‡‹–‘ƒ……‘—–á’”‘˜‹†‹‰áƒ•ƒ†‘ƒ†‡‘trsvãtys •–ƒ–‡•áòƒ …Ž‡ƒ” †‹•–‹…–‹‘ „‡–™‡‡ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ’”‘’ƒ‰ƒ†ƒóä Š‡”‡—’‘á Š‡”‡ –Š‡ “—‡•–‹‘ ‘ˆ ƒ”† trr{  …‘—Ž† „‡ ’‘•‡†ã Šƒ– ’—„Ž‹… ‡…Šƒ‹•• …ƒ „‡ —•‡† –‘ ‹’”‘˜‡ –Š‡ Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘ˆ –Š‡‡†‹ƒá ‘™‹‰–Šƒ– –”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ™ƒ–•ƒò•‡Žˆ”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘óƒ†›‡–‹…Ž—†‹‰ò’—„Ž‹…”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘óë ‘ –”› –‘ ƒ•™‡” –Š‹•“—‡•–‹‘á ˆ‹”•– ƒ† ‹ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘ –‘ –Š‡ ‹†‡ƒ ‘ˆ ’—„Ž‹… ”‡æ ‰—Žƒ–‹‘á ‹– •Š‘—Ž† „‡ ‘–‡† –Šƒ– –‘†ƒ› –Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡ ƒ”‰—‡–• ƒ„‘—– –Š‡ ”‘Ž‡ –Š‡–ƒ–‡†‘‡•«ƒ†•Š‘—Ž†«’Žƒ›‹–Š‹•ƒ”‡ƒ•‹…‡‹–Š‡‡™‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ Žƒ†•…ƒ’‡ –Š‡ ’—„Ž‹… ”‡•’‘•‹„‹Ž‹–› ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ‡‡†• –‘ „‡ ”‡˜‹•‡†â ‡˜‡á ˆ—”–Š‡”‹ˆ’‘••‹„Ž‡•‹…‡–Š‡†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–‘ˆ‡™–‡…Š‘Ž‘‰‹‡•ä—””‡–Ž›á–Š‡ †‡ƒ”…ƒ–‹‘ Ž‹‡ „‡–™‡‡ –”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽ ‡†‹ƒ Šƒ• „‡…‘‡ ‘”‡ …‘’Ž‡š™‹–Š –Š‡ƒ†˜‡–‘ˆ‘Ž‹‡•‡”˜‹…‡•á„Ž‘‰•ƒ†‘–Š‡”ƒŽ–‡”ƒ–‹˜‡‡†‹ƒä ƒ††‹–‹‘á –Š‡ ‹–‡‰”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ •‘…‹ƒŽ ‡–™‘”• ‹–‘ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… ’”ƒ…–‹…‡ ‹• ‘‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ …‘–‡’‘”ƒ”›…ŠƒŽŽ‡‰‡•á‡•’‡…‹ƒŽŽ›‹–Š‡†‹”‡…–‹‘‹™Š‹…Š…‹–‹œ‡•”‡…‡‹˜‡á ‹–‡”’”‡–á Œ—†‰‡ ƒ† …‘‡–â –Šƒ– ‹•á –Š‡ ‘†‡• ‹ ™Š‹…Š…‹–‹œ‡•…‘–”‘Ž “—ƒŽ‹–›‘ˆ–Š‡’”‘†—…–ƒ…‹žæƒ”„‡”átrsv 䕃…”‹†‡s{zr  ‡š’‘•‡† ‹ ƒ›‘‹…‡•á‡‘”Ž†ã‘™ƒ”†•ƒ‡™‘”‡ —•–ƒ†‘”‡ˆˆ‹…‹‡–‘”Ž† ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ”†‡”á ƒ „‘‘ ™Š‹…Šˆ”ƒ‡• –Š‡ ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ ‹†‡ƒ• †—”‹‰–Š‡ ”ƒ’‹† ‰Ž‘„ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ –‡…Š‘Ž‘‰‹‡• ‹–Š‡ ‡†‹ƒá ‘˜‡” –Š‡ ’ƒ•– –Š”‡‡ †‡…ƒ†‡• ™Š‡”‡ –Š‡”‡ Šƒ• „‡‡ ƒ ‡…‘‘‹……‘…‡–”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ‹†—•–”› ™‘”Ž†™‹†‡á ‹…”‡ƒ•‹‰ –Š‡ …Šƒ…‡• ‘ˆ…‘•‘Ž‹†ƒ–‹‘ ’‘Ž‹…› –Š”‘—‰Š–Š‡…‘˜‡”‰‡…‡‘ˆ†‹‰‹–ƒŽ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘•›•–‡• ƒ† …‘•‘Ž‹†ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ



ˆ”‡‡ –”ƒ†‡ ‘ˆ ’”‘†—…–• ƒ† …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ •‡”˜‹…‡•Š”‹•–‹ƒ•átrsvƒ ä ‡…‘†Ž›á –Š‡ ƒ„‹Ž‹–› ‘ˆ •‡Žˆ ”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ …‘‡• ˆ”‘ ò–Š‡ ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ ‰—‹†‡Ž‹‡•‘ˆ–Š‹••‡Žˆ”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘–Šƒ–”‡•–•‘•Šƒ”‡†„—†‰‡–•‘ˆ’—„Ž‹…‡–Š‹…•á ˜ƒŽ—‡• ƒ† …‘•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ ’”‹…‹’Ž‡• ‘ˆ ƒ †‡‘…”ƒ–‹… •‘…‹‡–›á ƒ• ™‡ŽŽƒ•–Š‡ …”‹–‡”‹ƒ ƒ† ”‡“—‹”‡‡–• –›’‹…ƒŽ ‘ˆ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ‹ ƒ ˆ”ƒ‡™‘” ‘ˆ ˆ”‡‡†‘ ƒ† ’Ž—”ƒŽ‹•ó œƒ”á trssã sz ä  ƒ††‹–‹‘á ‹– ‹• ƒ••‘…‹ƒ–‡† ™‹–Š –Š‡‹” Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘ˆ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘â „‡‹‰ –Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ ‘”‹‡–ƒ–‹‘• ‹†‹…ƒ–‘”• ‘ˆ –Š‡ •–ƒ–‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ‡ƒá ‡ƒ˜‡” ƒ† ”‘™Ž‡‡á trr{ ä ‘á ƒ• œƒ” trssã sux  …‘ˆ‹”•á ò‹’”‘˜‹‰ ™‘”‹‰ …‘†‹–‹‘• ƒ† ‹…”‡ƒ•‹‰ –Š‡ƒ—–‘‘›ƒ† ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ‹†‡’‡†‡…‡ ‘ˆ –Š‘•‡ ™‘”‹‰ ‹ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ‰‘‡•á ˆ‹”•– ‘ˆƒŽŽá –‘ ”‡…‘‰‹•‡ –Šƒ– Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ‹• ƒ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘óä ‡ …‘…Ž—†‡• –Šƒ– –Š‡•‡ ‹‹— …‘†‹–‹‘• ƒ”‡ ‡…‡••ƒ”›ˆ‘” –Š‡ •‘ –Šƒ– ƒ ˆ—ŽŽ› ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ •‘…‹ƒŽ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ …‘—Ž† „‡ ‰‹˜‡á ƒ† ‡˜‡”›–Š‹‰ –Šƒ– …‘–”‹„—–‡• –‘ ‰—ƒ”ƒæ –‡‡‹–…ƒ„‡…‘•‹†‡”‡†ƒ•ƒˆ‘”‘ˆ•‡Žˆ”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘œƒ”átrss ä Š‡ ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ …‹–‹œ‡• ƒ† –Š‡‹” ƒ……‡•• –‘ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ’Žƒ› ƒ ˆ—æ †ƒ‡–ƒŽ ”‘Ž‡ ‹ –Š‡ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ’”‘…‡••á –Š‡ ƒ…–‹˜‹–› ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•á ƒ†–Š‡‹”„‡Šƒ˜‹‘—”ƒ†‡–Š‹…ƒŽ†‡…‹•‹‘•äŠ‡‹˜‘Ž˜‡‡–‘ˆ…‹–‹œ‡• ‹ –Š‡ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ’”‘…‡•• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ …—””‡–Ž› ƒ‹–ƒ‹• –™‘ †‹˜‡”æ ‰‡–Ž‹‡•ä ‹”•–Ž›á–Š‡‹…”‡ƒ•‹‰’Š‡‘‡‘‘ˆ‡†‹ƒ…‘…‡–”ƒ–‹‘ƒ† …‘˜‡”‰‡…‡ ‘ˆ ‡™•”‘‘•ä • ‡†‹ƒ ‘™‡”•á Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ƒ”‡ ”‡Ž—…–ƒ– –‘ƒ†‹–ƒ’”‘ˆ‘—†…”‹–‹…‹•á‹–‡”ƒŽƒ†‡š–‡”ƒŽ…”‹–‹…‹•áˆ‡‡Ž‹‰ —æ …‘ˆ‘”–ƒ„Ž‡á•…‡’–‹…ƒŽ‘”–‡””‹ˆ‹‡†™‹–Š–Š‡‹†‡ƒ‘ˆ’—„Ž‹…’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‹‘ ‹ –Š‡’”‘…‡••‘ˆ…”‡ƒ–‹‰‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘‘™ƒƒ†‹ŽŽ‹•átrru 䇅‘†Ž›á –Š‡‡™’Š‡‘‡‘‘ˆƒ””ƒ–‹‘…ƒŽŽ‡†ò–”ƒ•‡†‹ƒó ‡‹•átrrz ‹•ƒ ƒ””ƒ–‹‘–Šƒ–”‡ˆ‡”•–‘ƒƒ‡•–Š‡–‹…”‡˜‹˜ƒŽ‹”‡•’‘•‡–‘‡†‹ƒ …‘˜‡”æ ‰‡…‡á™Š‹…Š‹’‘•‡•ƒ‡™…‘•—‡”†‡ƒ†ƒ††‡’‡†•‘–Š‡ƒ…–‹˜‡ ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‹‘ƒ†‘™Ž‡†‰‡‘ˆ…‘—‹–‹‡• ‡‹•átrrz⃅‹žæƒ”„‡”á trsv ä …‘Žƒ”‹ trsu  •–ƒ–‡• –Šƒ– –”ƒ•‡†‹ƒ •–‘”›–‡ŽŽ‹‰ ‹• †‡ˆ‹‡† „ƒ•‡† ‘ –™‘ ˜ƒ”‹ƒ„Ž‡•ã ‹”•–á –Š‡ •–‘”› ‹• –‘Ž† –Š”‘—‰Š •‡˜‡”ƒŽ ‡†‹ƒ ‘” ˜ƒ”‹‘—• ’Žƒ–ˆ‘”æ • ƒ†á •‡…‘†á –Š‡ ƒ—†‹‡…‡ …ƒ ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‡ ‹ –Š‡ …‘•–”—…–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒ””ƒ–‹˜‡™‘”Ž†äŠ‡”‡ˆ‘”‡áƒ……‘”†‹‰ƒ…‹žæƒ”„‡”trsvãsrw áò–Š‡•‡ ‹‹æ –‹ƒ–‹˜‡• –Šƒ– ’”‘˜‹†‡ –Š‡ †‹”‡…– …‹–‹œ‡ ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‹‘ ƒ”‡ …Ž‡ƒ”Ž› ’‘‹–‹‰ –‘ ƒ –—”ƒ”‘—† ‹ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… ˆ‹‡Ž† ƒ† •–”—…–—”ƒŽ ‡••‡…‡ ‘ˆ †‡‘…”ƒ–‹… •‘…‹‡–›óä Š—•á –Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ• ƒ† –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ •Š‘—Ž† „‡ …Ž‡ƒ” –Šƒ– ‹ –Š‡



ˆ‹‡Ž† ‘ˆ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ –Š‡› Šƒ˜‡ –‘ •–ƒ”– ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ˆƒ…– –Šƒ– –Š‡‹” †‡…‹•‹‘• ƒ”‡ ‘ˆ ‰”‡ƒ– ‹’‘”–ƒ…‡ ‹ –Š‡ †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– ‘ˆ …‘•…‹‘—•‡•• ‘ˆ –Š‡‹” ƒ—æ †‹‡…‡‡„‡‹Žá trsu ä  ƒŽŽ …‘—–”‹‡•á ‹…Ž—†‹‰ …—ƒ†‘”á –Š‡ ‹’ƒ…– ƒ† –Š‡ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡ ‘ˆ ‰Ž‘„ƒæ Ž‹•ƒ–‹‘ ƒ”‡ ”‡ˆŽ‡…–‡†á ƒ‘‰ ‘–Š‡” ƒ•’‡…–•á ‘–‘ –Š‡ ƒ––‹–—†‹ƒŽ ƒ† ‹†‡‘Ž‘æ ‰‹…ƒŽ …Šƒ‰‡• ‘ˆ ‡†‹ƒ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ•ä ’‡…‹ˆ‹…ƒŽŽ›á Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… ‡–Š‹…• •Š‘—Ž† „‡…‘‡ ‘”‡ ò…‘•‘’‘Ž‹–ƒó ‹ –Š‡‘”› ƒ† ’”ƒ…–‹…‡ ƒ”†á trr{  „‡…ƒ—•‡ Š‹•–‘”‹…ƒŽŽ› –Š‹• Šƒ• „‡‡ ò’ƒ”‘…Š‹ƒŽóä Š‹• ò’ƒ”‘…Š‹ƒŽó ‡–Š‹… ‹• „‡‹‰ —†‡”æ ‹‡† „› –Š‡ ‰Ž‘„ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ƒŽŽƒŠƒá trru ä † ò™‹–Š ‰Ž‘„ƒŽ ‹’ƒ…–ƒ”‡‰Ž‘„ƒŽ”‡•’‘•‹„‹Ž‹–‹‡•äääá„—–Š‘™–‘†‘Œ—•–‹…‡–‘–Š‡’ƒ”–‹…—Žƒ” ƒ† –Š‡ —‹˜‡”•ƒŽëó ƒ”†á trr{ã urw ä •™‡”‹‰ –Š‹• “—‡•–‹‘ ‹• ƒ †‹ˆˆ‹æ …—Ž– –ƒ•á ‘”‡ •‘ ‹ˆ ™‡ …‘•‹†‡” ‘‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”‹•• …ƒ—•‡† „› ‰Ž‘„ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘ã –Š‡ ’”‡˜ƒŽ‡…‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ™‡„ ‘ˆ ‡…‘‘‹…á ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ƒ† ‡†‹ƒ ‹–‡”‡•–• –Šƒ– …‘˜‡”‰‡‹–Š‡‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ƒ”‡–‡””ƒ‘átrr{ ä

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Š‡ •‹–—ƒ–‹‘‹• ƒ’’”‘ƒ…Š‡• –Š‡ ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ ”‡Žƒ–‹˜‹•–’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡ ‡‡„Ž‡á trrw  „‡…ƒ—•‡ –Š‡ •‹–—ƒ–‹‘‹•– Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• †‘ ‘– „‡Ž‹‡˜‡ –Šƒ– ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ ‹•æ •—‡• …ƒ „‡ †‡…‹†‡† ‹ –Š‡ ƒ„•–”ƒ…– ƒ† –Šƒ– †‡…‹•‹‘• •Š‘—Ž† „‡ „ƒ•‡† ‘ƒ•’‡…‹ˆ‹…•‹–—ƒ–‹‘srvä

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Š‡ •—„Œ‡…–‹˜‹• ‹• …Ž‘•‡ –‘ –Š‡ …›‹…ƒŽ ’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ‡‡æ „Ž‡á trrw á –‡†‹‰ –‘ Œ—•–‹ˆ› –Š‡ •—„Œ‡…–‹˜‹•– ‡–Š‘†• „ƒ•‡† ‘ ˆ‹†‹‰ –Š‡„‡•– ”‡•—Ž–•ä

uä

Š‡ ƒ„•‘Ž—–‹• ‹• ”‡ˆŽ‡…–‡† ‹ –Š‡ ”‡•’‡…– ‘ˆ •‘‡ ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ ”—Ž‡•á ƒ••‘…‹ƒæ –‹‰ ™‹–Š –Š‡ •–ƒ†ƒ”† ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ƒ’’”‘ƒ…Š ‡‡„Ž‡á trrw ä Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡á ƒ– ƒŽŽ –‹‡• ƒ„•‘Ž—–‹•–• ”‡Œ‡…– …”‹–‹…ƒŽ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… ‡–Š‘†• –Šƒ– ˆƒ‹Ž –‘ …‘ˆ‘”–‘‘’–‹ƒŽ‘”ƒ’’”‘’”‹ƒ–‡‡–Š‹…ƒŽ ’”‹…‹’Ž‡•ä

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Š‡‡š…‡’–‹‘‹•áƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š‹–™‘—Ž†ƒ‰”‡‡™‹–Š–Šƒ–—‹˜‡”•ƒŽ ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ ’”‹…‹’Ž‡•‹Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ƒ”‡‡‡†‡†á‹•…Ž‘•‡–‘–Š‡Ž‹„‡”ƒŽ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡‡‡„Ž‡átrrw 䊇‡š…‡’–‹‘‹•–•ƒ”‡’”ƒ…–‹…ƒŽƒ† ƒ……‡’– –Šƒ–•‘‡—…‘˜‡–‹‘ƒŽ’”ƒ…–‹…‡•ƒ”‡—•‡†‹‡š…‡’–‹‘ƒŽ …ƒ•‡•ä

 7KHIDFWRUVRILQIOXHQFHRIWKHHWKLFDOJXLGHOLQHVRIMRXUQDOLVWV ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ ‡”‘™‹–œ ƒ† ‹‘” trruã yzv á ò–”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽŽ› •–—†‹‡• ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… ‡–Š‹…• ™‡”‡ ˆ‘…—•‡† ‘ ‘”ƒŽ ‰”‘—†• ‹ ‹•‘Žƒ–‹‘ ˆ”‘ –Š‡



•‘…‹ƒŽ™‘”Ž†ää䔇‰ƒ”†Ž‡••‘ˆƒ•’‡…–••—…Šƒ•ƒ”‡–’”‡••—”‡‘–Š‡ ‡æ †‹ƒá–Š‡‹–‡”‡•–•‘ˆ‡™••‘—”…‡•‘”–Š‡’—„Ž‹…‹–‡”‡•–䊋•‡‡†‡†…‘æ –‡š–—ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘ƒ‡•‡–Š‹…ƒŽ†‡…‹•‹‘•—…Š‘”‡…‘’Ž‡šƒ† ”‡Žƒ–‹˜‡óä —”–Š‡”‘”‡á‘”ƒŽ˜ƒŽ—‡•srw ƒ”‡•’‡…‹ˆ‹…–‘–Š‡…—Ž–—”ƒŽ…‘–‡š–‹ ™Š‹…Š –Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ• ƒ”‡á •‘ –Š‹• •’‡…‹ˆ‹…‹–› —•– „‡ ƒƒŽ›•‡† „ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡ …‘–‡š–—ƒŽ†‹‡•‹‘•–Šƒ–•–”—…–—”‡–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡‘ˆƒ …‘—–”›ä •›ƒ––trsv •–ƒ–‡•áŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ƒ”‡’ƒ”–‘ˆ–Š‡…—Ž–—”‡‹™Š‹…Š–Š‡›Ž‹˜‡ ƒ†™‘”á”‡ˆŽ‡…–‹‰–Š‡‹”‘™…—Ž–—”ƒŽ’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡ä Š‡ †‡•…”‹’–‹‘ ƒ† †‡ˆ‹‹–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ ‰—‹†‡Ž‹‡• ˆ‘” Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ‹• –Š‡ ƒ‹ •—„Œ‡…– ‘ˆ ƒƒŽ›•‹• ‘ˆ –Š‹• •–—†›á Š‘™‡˜‡”á –Š‡ ‹–‡”‡•– Ž‹‡• ‹ –Š‡ ‹š‡† ‹–‡”’”‡–ƒ–‹‘ ‹ ™Š‹…Š —‹˜‡”•ƒŽ ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ ’”‹…‹’Ž‡• ƒ”‡ •‹—Ž–ƒæ ‡‘—•Ž›ƒƒŽ›•‡†™‹–Š•‘…‹ƒŽƒ†‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ‘‡•äŠ‹•‹•†‡‘•–”ƒ–‡†„› ”‡…‡–•–—†‹‡•ƒ”‘—†–Š‡™‘”Ž†–Šƒ–•—‰‰‡•–ƒ•–”‘‰…‘•‡•—• „‡–™‡‡ –Š‡–Š‡‘”‹‡•‘ˆò…‘‰‹–‹˜‡’”‘…‡••‡•óáò’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ•‘…‹ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘óƒ†ò…—Žæ –—”ƒŽ‹†‡‘Ž‘‰›óƒ•‡›‡Ž‡‡–•‹—‹˜‡”•ƒŽŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹…„‡Šƒ˜‹‘—”•Žƒ‹æ •ƒ…‡á‡™‡•ƒ†ƒ‹–œ•…Šátrst ä ‡•—Ž–•ˆ‘—†ƒ”‘—†–Š‡‡–Š‹…ƒŽ‹†‡ƒ•‘ˆ–Š‘•‡‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡†Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ƒ”‡ ‰”‘—†‡†‹–Š‡‹”‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ‰—‹†‡Ž‹‡•ƒ†‹ˆŽ—‡…‡•ˆ”‘ ‡†‹ƒ ‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘•á ‹ ’•›…Š‘•‘…‹ƒŽ ‘”• ƒ† •–ƒ†ƒ”†• ƒ† ‹ –Š‡ ˜ƒ”‹‘—• ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽá‡…‘‘‹…ƒ†•‘…‹ƒŽ’‘™‡”•–”—…–—”‡•äŠ‡‹ˆŽ—‡…‡‘–Š‡ ’”‘æ …‡••‡•‘ˆ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ†‡…‹•‹‘æƒ‹‰ˆ”‘‡™•”‘‘•ƒ†‡†‹ƒ ‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒæ –‹‘ƒŽˆƒ…–‘”•‹•ƒ•–”‘‰’”‡†‹…–‘”‘ˆ–Š‡˜‹‡™•‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•‡ƒ˜‡” ƒ† ‹ŽŠ‘‹–ás{zx⃐‹–œ•…Šátrrw ä —”–Š‡”‘”‡áò–Š‡ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ…‘–‡š–™Š‡”‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ‡Žƒ„‘”ƒ–‡ –Š‡ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ‹• ‘‡ ‘ˆ–Š‡ˆ—†ƒ‡–ƒŽ ˆƒ…–‘”•–Šƒ– •–”—…–—”‡ –Š‡‹” ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ †‡…‹•‹‘•ó ƒ‹–œ•…Šá trryã uyzâ ‡”‘™‹–œ ƒ† ‹‘”átrruãyzu ვ–Š‡•‡ò†‡’‡†‘–Š‡…‘–‡š–‘ˆ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ•‹–—ƒ–‹‘•ƒ† ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‰—‹†ƒ…‡‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ó‡”‘™‹–œƒ†‹‘”átrruã y{z ä ‘…‹ƒŽ †‹‡•‹‘• •–”—…–—”‡ ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ †‡…‹•‹‘æƒ‹‰ ˆ”‘ ƒ •‘…‹ƒŽ ’‡”•æ ’‡…–‹˜‡–Šƒ–…‘•‹†‡”•—Ž–‹’Ž‡Ž‡˜‡Ž•‘ˆƒƒŽ›•‹•‘ƒ‡•ás{{y 䊋•ƒ—–Š‘” •—‰‰‡•–•–Šƒ–Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•–ƒ‡•‘‡…‘‘†‡…‹•‹‘•„ƒ•‡†‘–Š‡’”‘ˆ‡•æ •‹‘ƒŽ…‘–‡š–‹™Š‹…Š–Š‡›ƒ”‡á•‘‹–…ƒ„‡•ƒ‹†–Šƒ––Š‡‡–Š‹…ƒŽ˜ƒŽ—‡• ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•†‡’‡†‘–Š‡’‡”…‡‹˜‡†‹ˆŽ—‡…‡•‹–Š‡‹”†ƒ‹Ž›™‘”ä



 5HVXOWV ‡‰ƒ”†‹‰ ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ ‹†‡‘Ž‘‰‹‡•á ‹– ‹• ƒƒŽ›•‡† Š‘™ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• †‡ˆ‹‡ –Š‡‹” ’‘•‹–‹‘ ™‹–Š ”‡•’‡…– –‘ ‘”ƒŽ ƒ† †‡‘–‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ †‹Ž‡ƒ•ä ‘•– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡† Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• yv¨  „‡Ž‹‡˜‡ –Šƒ– –Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡ •‘‡ —‹˜‡”•ƒŽ ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ ’”‹…‹’Ž‡• –Šƒ– …ƒ „‡ ƒ’’Ž‹‡† ‘” ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‡† ‹ ‘•– •‹–—ƒ–‹‘•á ƒ••‹‹Žƒ–‹‰ –Š‡•‡ ‰‡‡”ƒŽ ˜ƒŽ—‡• ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽŽ› –‘ –Š‡ †‡ˆ‹‡ –Š‡‹” ‘™ …‘†‡• ‘ˆ ‹–‡æ –‹‘• ƒ† ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ „‡Šƒ˜‹‘—”•ä Š‹• ‹†‡ƒ Ž‡ƒ†• –Š‡ ƒ™ƒ› ˆ”‘ –Š‡ †‹‡æ •‹‘‘ˆ”‡Žƒ–‹˜‹•ƒ†–‘ƒ’’”‘ƒ…Š–Š‡ƒ„•‘Ž—–‹•–’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡á„‡ƒ”‹‰‹‹† –Šƒ– –Š‡‹” ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ ˜‹‡™• ƒ”‡ „ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡‹” ’•›…Š‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽá •‘…‹ƒŽ ƒ† †‡‘‰”ƒ’Š‹… …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹…• ƒ† …‘‰‹–‹˜‡ ‘”ƒŽ †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–  ã ò  „‡Ž‹‡˜‡ –Šƒ– ‡–Š‹…•á ƒ• ƒ •—’‡”‹‘” ˜ƒŽ—‡á •Š‘—Ž† ƒ‡ —• ƒŽŽ ‘˜‡á „‡ˆ‘”‡ ƒ›–Š‹‰ äääá ƒŽŽ –Š‹• •Š‘—Ž† „‡ „ƒ•‡† ƒ› –‹‡• ‘ –Š‡ ˜ƒŽ—‡• ™‡ Šƒ˜‡ ‰ƒ‹‡† •‹…‡ ‘—” …Š‹Ž†Š‘‘†ó y â ò ‘”–—ƒ–‡Ž›á ‘•– Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• Šƒ˜‡ ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ –”ƒ‹‹‰–Šƒ–†‘‡•‰—‹†‡—•†ƒ‹Ž›‹‘—”™‘”ósw ä Ž–Š‘—‰Š”‡•’‘†‡–•ƒ‹–ƒ‹ƒ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ•–ƒ†ƒ”†ƒ’’”‘ƒ…Šáƒ•–Š‡› ƒ”‡ ‰—‹†‡† „› –Š‡ —‹˜‡”•ƒŽ ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ …‘†‡• ƒ† –Š‡ ‡†‹–‘”‹ƒŽ Ž‹‡• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒá sx¨ ‘ˆ –Š‡ –‘–ƒŽ •ƒ’Ž‡ ”‡…‘‰‹•‡• –Šƒ– –Š‡•‡ ’”‹…‹’Ž‡• ƒ”‡ ‘– …‘’Ž‡–‡Ž›ˆ—Žˆ‹ŽŽ‡†ä•’‡…––Šƒ–•Š‘™•Š‘™ƒ’”‘’‘”–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ”‡‹†‹æ ˜‹†—ƒŽŽ› ƒ™ƒ”‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡š‹•–‡…‡ ‘ˆ •‘‡ Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘ˆ ƒ…Š‹ƒ˜‡ŽŽ‹ƒ‹• „ƒ•‡† ‘—‡–Š‹…ƒŽƒ––‹–—†‡•ƒ†ƒ‘”ƒŽƒ…–‹‘•áò‡•–Š‡”‡ƒ”‡‡–Š‹…ƒŽ’”‹…‹’Ž‡• –Šƒ–‘–‡˜‡”›‘‡”‡•’‡…–•ót{ ä sr¨ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ƒ’’”‘ƒ…Š ƒ •‹–—ƒ–‹‘‹•– ’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡ ™Š‹…Š ƒ†˜‘…ƒ–‡• ƒ ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ •…‡’–‹…‹•á ƒ …‘–‡š–—ƒŽ ƒƒŽ›•‹• ƒ† ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ ƒƒŽ›•‹• ‘ˆ‡ƒ…Š…ƒ•‡ ˆ”‘–Š‡‹” ‘™‡–Š‹…ƒŽ …‘†‡•ã ò˜‡”› Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•– ™‹ŽŽŠƒ˜‡ Š‹• ’”‹…‹’Ž‡•á Š‹• ˜ƒŽ—‡•á Š‹• ‡–Š‹…• ƒ† ™‹ŽŽ ™‘” ƒ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ Š‹• ‘†‡ä —–  †‘‘™–Šƒ– ‡˜‡”›Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•Š‘—Ž†„‡…Ž‡ƒ”ƒ„‘—–Š‹•Ž‹‹–•…‘…‡”‹‰ –Š‹•óz ä



”ƒ’Š‹… sä ‘›‘—–Š‹–Šƒ––Š‡”‡ƒ”‡‹’‘”–ƒ–‡–Š‹…ƒŽ’”‹…‹’Ž‡•–Šƒ–•Š‘—Ž† „‡ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‡†„›ƒŽŽ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•”‡‰ƒ”†Ž‡••‘ˆ–Š‡•‹–—ƒ–‹‘ƒ†…‘–‡š–ë ‘—”…‡ã”‡’ƒ”‡†„›–Š‡ƒ—–Š‘”•ä

Ž–Š‘—‰Š ƒŽ‘•– –™‘æ–Š‹”†• xs¨  ‘ˆ ”‡•’‘†‡–• ƒˆˆ‹” –Šƒ– “—‡•–‹‘ƒ„Ž‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… ‡–Š‘†••Š‘—Ž† „‡”‡Œ‡…–‡†á–Š‡”‡ƒ”‡†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–’‘•‹–‹‘•‹–Š‹• ”‡‰ƒ”†ävt¨‘ˆ–Š‡ˆ—ŽŽ›”‡Œ‡…–•–Š‡á…‘ˆ‹”‹‰–Š‡‹”ƒ„•‘Ž—–‹•–’‡”•’‡…æ –‹˜‡ƒ†–Š‡‹”•–ƒ†ƒ”†’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ƒ’’”‘ƒ…ŠãòŠ‡‡††‘‡•‘–Œ—•–‹ˆ›–Š‡ ‡ƒ•ä  ‡ƒá ‹– ‹• ‘– –Šƒ– „‡…ƒ—•‡  Šƒ˜‡ –Š‡ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘  •Ž‡’– ™‹–Š •‘‡‘‡á ‘”  Šƒ˜‡ –Š‡ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ†  Šƒ† –‘ ‹˜‹–‡Š‹ –‘ †‹‡”⠐‘á‹– …ƒ‘–„‡ótu ä‘”‡‘˜‡”ásx¨‘ˆ”‡•’‘†‡–•áƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š•Šƒ”‹‰–Š‹• ˜‹‡™á „‡Ž‹‡˜‡ –Šƒ– ‹– •Š‘—Ž† „‡ …Žƒ”‹ˆ‹‡† ƒ• –‘ ™Šƒ– –Š‘•‡ “—‡•–‹‘ƒ„Ž‡ ‡–Š‘†• ƒ”‡ã ò  †‘ ‘– ‘™ ™Šƒ–  †‘ ‘– ‘™ ™Šƒ– ‹• ‡ƒ– ‹ –Š‡ “—‡•–‹‘ „› ‡•–‹‘ƒ„Ž‡ï ‘” ™Šƒ– ‡Ž‡‡–• ƒ› „‡ “—‡•–‹‘ƒ„Ž‡á „—– ‹ˆ –Š‡”‡ ‹• ƒ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘–‡ –Šƒ– ‹• —•—„•–ƒ–‹ƒ–‡†á ƒ† –Šƒ– –Š‡ ƒ‹ ‹• –‘ Šƒ” •‘æ ‡‘‡ ™‹–Š‘—– Šƒ˜‹‰ ‘”‡ ‡Ž‡‡–• –‘ …Š‡… –Šƒ– ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘á ‘„˜‹‘—•Ž› ‹– ‹• …‘’Ž‡–‡Ž› “—‡•–‹‘ƒ„Ž‡ó s ä Š‹• ”‡•—Ž– •Š‘™• Š‘™ –Š‹• ‹† ‘ˆ “—‡•æ –‹‘ƒ„Ž‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… ’”ƒ…–‹…‡• †‡’‡†• ‘ –Š‡ ‘”ƒŽ •–”‡‰–Š ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ ’”‘„Ž‡ ‘ˆ ‡ƒ…Š ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ –‘ „‡ …ƒŽŽ‡† ƒ• •—…Šä – ‹• ”ƒ–‹ˆ‹‡† „› ‘–Š‡” ”‡•—Ž–•á •‹…‡ t{¨ ‘ˆ –Š‡ •ƒ’Ž‡ „‡Ž‹‡˜‡ –Šƒ– –Š‡ —•‡ ‘ˆ–Š‡•‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… ‡–Š‘†• ƒ›‘”ƒ›‘– „‡”‡Œ‡…–‡† †‡’‡†‹‰ ‘–Š‡ •‹–—ƒ–‹‘ ‘” –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–á ƒ’’”‘ƒ…Š‹‰ƒ•‹–—ƒ–‹‘‹•–’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡„ƒ•‡†‘ ƒ ”‡Žƒ–‹˜‹•–‹…‡–Š‹…•’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡ãò›•’‡ƒ‹‰‘ˆ‡•–‹‘ƒ„Ž‡ï –Š‹‹–•Š‘—Ž† „‡ ”‡Œ‡…–‡† ™Š‡ –Š‡ ”‹‰Š– ‘ˆ ƒ‘–Š‡” ’‡”•‘ ‹• ƒ– ”‹•ä ˆ ƒ‘–Š‡”’‡”•‘ ™‘—Ž†„‡ƒ–”‹•‘”ƒˆˆ‡…–‡†‘”˜‹‘Žƒ–‡†á –Š‹–Š‹•‹•–Š‡ Ž‹‹–óz âò‡•áˆ‘” ‡šƒ’Ž‡ ’ƒ›‹‰ ˆ‘” ‹–‡”˜‹‡™•ä  ™‘—Ž† ‘– †‘ ‹–ä ” •‘‡‘‡ ’ƒæ›‹‰ ‡ –‘ •ƒ› •‘‡–Š‹‰ ääää  –Š‹ –Š‹• …‘—Ž† „‡ ƒ ”ƒ–Š‡” „”‘ƒ† —‹˜‡”•‡á‹– ƒŽ•‘ †‡’‡†• ‘ –Š‡ ’‡”•‘ƒŽ ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‡ƒ…Š ‘‡ó tz ä



ƒ„Ž‡ sä ‘›‘—–Š‹›‘—•Š‘—Ž† ”‡Œ‡…– “—‡•–‹‘ƒ„Ž‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… ‡–Š‘†•á ”‡‰ƒ”†Ž‡•• ‘ˆ–Š‡•‹–—ƒæ –‹‘ƒ†–Š‡…‘–‡š–ë ‘—”…‡ã”‡’ƒ”‡†„›–Š‡ƒ—–Š‘”•ä

Š‡ ”‡•—Ž–• •Š‘™á ƒ• ’”‡˜‹‘—•Ž› •‡‡á –Šƒ– ƒ„•‘Ž—–‹• ‹• ƒ……‡’–‡† ƒ• –Š‡ ’”‹…‹’ƒŽ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡–‘ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™äˆ‹ˆ–Š‘ˆ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡‡•s{¨  …ƒ–‡‰‘”‹…ƒŽŽ›”‡Œ‡…––Š‡’‘••‹„‹Ž‹–›‘ˆ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ…‘†‡•ãòŠ‡•‡…‘†‡• •Š‘—Ž†„‡—‹˜‡”•ƒŽäŽŽŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•—•–Šƒ˜‡–Š‡•ƒ‡…‘†‡•äƒ›„‡–Š‡› …ƒŠ‡Ž’Š‹ƒ–ƒ•’‡…‹ˆ‹…–‹‡á„—––Š‘•‡…‘†‡•—•–„‡—‹˜‡”•ƒŽóy ƒ† sr¨ –Š‹–Šƒ––Š‡…‘†‡•‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒ•Š‘—Ž†’”‡˜ƒ‹Ž‘˜‡”–Š‡’‡”•‘ƒŽã ò‘á ™‡ Šƒ˜‡ ƒ ‰‡‡”ƒŽ …‘†‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ƒ† …‘†‡• ‘ˆ ‡–Š‹…• –Šƒ– —•– „‡ƒ……‡’–‡†„›ƒŽŽ•–ƒˆˆósu 䇕’‹–‡–Š‹•á–Š‡”‡‹•ƒ…‡”–ƒ‹’‡”…‡–ƒ‰‡ ‘ˆ ”‡•’‘†‡–•™Š‘ƒ”‡…Ž‘•‡–‘”‡Žƒ–‹˜‹•–‹…‡–Š‹…•ƒ†•‹–—ƒ–‹‘‹•–’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡ ‘–‹˜ƒ–‡†„›…‘’Ž‡š‘”ƒŽƒ†‡–Š‹…ƒŽ†‹Ž‡ƒ•‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ä ‡ƒ”Ž›–™‘ –Š‹”†• xv¨  …‘•‹†‡” –Šƒ–á ‹ ƒ††‹–‹‘ –‘ ƒ ‰‡‡”ƒŽƒ’’”‘ƒ…Š –‘ ‘”ƒŽ ’Š‹Ž‘•‘’Š› ƒ† ‘™Ž‡†‰‡ ‘ˆ ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ ‘”•á –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•– —•–Šƒ˜‡ Š‹• Š‡” ‘™ …‘†‡• ‘ˆ ‡–Š‹…• ‘ˆ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ „‡Šƒ˜‹‘—”ä ‹”•– ‘ˆ ƒŽŽá –Š‡‘•– ‹’‘”–ƒ–ƒ•’‡…–‹•–Šƒ–‡ƒ”Ž›ŠƒŽˆvz¨ ’—––Š‡‹”‘™‡–Š‹…ƒŽ…‘†‡•ƒŠ‡ƒ† ‘ˆ–Š‡‘‡•‘ˆ–Š‡‡˜‹”‘‡–‹™Š‹…Š–Š‡›™‘”ãò –Š‹™‡Šƒ˜‡‘—” ‘™‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ…‘†‡•–Šƒ–ƒ”‡™‹–Š™Š‹…Š™‡ˆ‘”ä† –Š‹–Š‡ ‡†‹ƒƒŽ•‘‰‹˜‡—•‡Ž‡‡–•ä •ƒ›–Šƒ––Š‡‘•–‹’‘”–ƒ––Š‹‰‘”–Š‡„‡•– –Š‹‰ˆ‘”ƒŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹•–‘™‘”™Š‡”‡›‘—”‡–Š‹…ƒŽ’”‹…‹’Ž‡•†‘ ‘–ˆƒŽŽ ƒ’ƒ”–ó s ä Š‡•‡ ”‡•—Ž–• ƒ––‡•– Š‘™ ”‡•’‘†‡–• ’Žƒ…‡ –Š‡‹” ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ…”‹–‡”‹ƒˆ‹”•–ᆇ•’‹–‡’‡”…‡‹˜‹‰ƒ†„‡‹‰ƒ™ƒ”‡‘ˆ–Š‡‡–Š‹…ƒŽ …Ž‹æ ƒ–‡ƒ•ƒ‡›ˆ‡ƒ–—”‡‘ˆ–Š‡‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‡˜‹”‘‡–ƒ†‡†‹ƒ’‘Ž‹…›ä Ž‘‰–Š‡•ƒ‡Ž‹‡•ásx¨•ƒ›–Š‡›Šƒ˜‡–Š‡‹”‘™ˆ‘”ƒŽ‘”‹ˆ‘”ƒŽ…‘†‡• –Šƒ–•–‡ˆ”‘ƒ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ…—Ž–—”‡ƒ”‡†’”‹ƒ”‹Ž›„›‘—–•‹†‡ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡•ã ò‡‡ƒ…ŠŠƒ˜‡‘—”‘™˜ƒŽ—‡• ƒ† –Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡Šƒ˜‡‘—”‘™’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ‡–Š‹…•ä‘‰‹…ƒŽŽ›á„ƒ•‡†‘•‘…‹‡–›óx ä



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‡•á„—––Š‘•‡‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹—‹™Š‹…Š™‡™‘”•Š‘—Ž†’”‡˜ƒ‹Ž –—•–„‡†‡ˆ‹‡†„›–Š‡‡†‹— ˆ‹” ‘   ‡•á‹†‡‡†á™‡Šƒ˜‡‘—”‘™ˆ‘”ƒŽ‘”‹ˆ‘”ƒŽ…‘†‡• ‡•á‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ…‘†‡•ƒ”‡‘”‡‹’‘”–ƒ––Šƒ–Š‘•‡‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒ

”ƒ’Š‹…t䇅ƒ—•‡‘ˆ–Š‡…‘’Ž‡š‡–Š‹…ƒŽ†‹Ž‡ƒ•‹…‘˜‡”‹‰–Š‡‡™•á†‘›‘—–Š‹›‘— •Š‘—Ž† „‡ƒ„Ž‡–‘ƒ‡‘”Šƒ˜‡›‘—”‘™‡–Š‹…ƒŽ…‘†‡•‘ˆ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ„‡Šƒ˜‹‘—”ë ‘—”…‡ã”‡’ƒ”‡†„›–Š‡ƒ—–Š‘”•ä

ƒŽ›•‹‰ –Š‡ ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ ‰—‹†‡Ž‹‡• ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘” ƒ Œ‘‹– ‹–‡”’”‡æ –ƒ–‹‘Šƒ•„‡‡…ƒ””‹‡†‘—–™Š‡”‡—‹˜‡”•ƒŽ‘”ƒŽƒ†‡–Š‹…ƒŽ’”‹…‹’Ž‡•ƒ”‡ ƒƒŽ›•‡† •‹—Ž–ƒ‡‘—•Ž› ™‹–Š …‘–‡š–—ƒŽ ˆƒ…–‘”•ä ‘ —…Š •‘ –Šƒ– –Š‡•‡ •‘…‹‘…—Ž–—”ƒŽ •–ƒ†ƒ”†• †‡–‡”‹‡ –Š‡ ‹–‡–‹‘•á „‡Šƒ˜‹‘—”• ƒ† †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ …Š‘‹…‡• ˆ‘” ƒŽ‘•– ŠƒŽˆ vt¨  ‘ˆ”‡•’‘†‡–• ™Š‘ …Žƒ‹ –Šƒ– –Š‡”‡ ‹• ƒ ’‡”ƒ‡– …Šƒ‰‡ ‹ –Š‡ ˜ƒŽ—‡• ƒ† ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ ‹†‡ƒŽ• „ƒ•‡† ‘ •‘…‹ƒŽ …‘•‡•—•ã ò–Š‹…• ƒ”‡ ƒ‹Ž› ’‡”•‘ƒŽ ‡–Š‹…• –Šƒ– ƒ”‡ •‘…‹ƒŽŽ› …‘•–”—…–‡†á ƒ† –Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡ ’ƒ”ƒ‡–‡”• –Šƒ– ƒ”‡ ƒ……‡’–‡† ‹ …‡”–ƒ‹ •‘…‹‡–‹‡• ƒ† ‘– ‹ ‘–Š‡”•á•‘ †‘–Š‹–Š‡”‡‹•–Š‹•†‹•–‹…–‹‘‹ƒ…—Ž–—”ƒŽ…‘•–”—…–‹‘ósw ä Š‡”‡‹•ƒ‰”‘—’ˆ‘”‡†„›ƒŽ‘•–ƒ“—ƒ”–‡”‘ˆ”‡•’‘†‡–•tu¨  –Šƒ–Š‘Ž†• ƒ ‹–‡”‡†‹ƒ–‡ ’‘•‹–‹‘ „› ƒ……‡’–‹‰ –Šƒ– –Š‡”‡ ƒ› „‡ ”‡‰‹‘ƒŽ ‘” ‹æ „‡–™‡‡ …‘—–”› ˜ƒ”‹ƒ–‹‘• ƒ„‘—– ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ ’‡”…‡’–‹‘•á „—– –Šƒ– –Š‡ •‹‰‹ˆ‹…ƒ…‡ ‹• …‘•–ƒ–ã ò–Š‹…• ƒ”‡ ‡–Š‹…•ä Š‡”‡ ƒ› „‡ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– …—Ž–—”ƒŽ ‡Ž‡‡–•äää –Š‹™‡•Š‘—Ž†ƒŽ•‘†‡‡’‡ƒ†—†‡”•–ƒ†–Š‘•‡’”‘…‡••‡• –Šƒ– ‘……—” ˆ”‘ ‘–Š‡” …—Ž–—”‡•ó s ä ”‘ –Š‹• ‰”‘—’ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• –Š‡”‡ ƒ”‹•‡• –Š‡ •—‰‰‡•–‹‘ –‘ †‡ƒŽ ™‹–Š –Š‡ …Šƒ‰‡• ‹ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ƒ† ‹ –Š‡‹” ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ƒ…–‹˜‹–› „› ƒ†Œ—•–‹‰ –Š‡ „ƒ•‹… ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ ’”‹…‹’Ž‡• –‘ ‡™ ‡†‹ƒ ƒ†Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… ”‡ƒŽ‹–‹‡•ä xw¨ ‘ˆ ”‡•’‘†‡–•á ƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š „ƒ•‹‰ –Š‡‹” ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ …‘†—…– ‘ ƒ •–ƒæ †ƒ”† ˜‹‡™ « ‹†‡–‹ˆ‹‡† ™‹–Š —‹˜‡”•ƒŽ ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ …‘†‡• ƒ† –Š‡ ‡†‹–‘”‹ƒŽ Ž‹‡• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒá –‡†• –‘™ƒ”†• –Š‡ Ž‹„‡”ƒŽ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ƒ’’”‘ƒ…Š ‹ ™Š‹…Š –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•– ‡’Šƒ•‹•‡• Š‹• …”‹–‹…ƒŽ •‡•‡ •—’’‘”–‡† ‹ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ˜‹‡™• ƒ† ƒ”‰—‡–•ä



‹ƒŽŽ›á Œ—•– ‘˜‡” ƒ –Š‹”† uw¨ ‘ˆ –Š‡ •ƒ’Ž‡ –Š‹ –Šƒ–™Šƒ– ‹• …‘•‹†‡”‡† ƒ• ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ ‹• ‹†‡’‡†‡– ‘ˆ …‹”…—•–ƒ…‡•á •—’’‘”–‡† „› –Š‡ ƒ„•‘Ž—–‹•– ’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡ã ò  –Š‹ –Šƒ– –Š‡ …‘†‡ ‘ˆ ‡–Š‹…• ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ‹• ˜‡”› …Ž‡ƒ” ƒ† –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… ‡š‡”…‹•‡ ƒŽ•‘ ‹•á ‹–• „ƒ•‹… ’”ƒ…–‹…‡• ƒ”‡ ˜‡”› …Ž‡ƒ”ä Š‘‡˜‡” ™ƒ–• –‘ ’”ƒ…–‹…‡ ‰‘‘† Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• †‘‡• •‘á ƒ† †‡’ƒ”–• ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ’”‹…‹’Ž‡• ‘ˆŠ‘‡•–›á”‡•’‘•‹„‹Ž‹–›á‹†‡’‡†‡…‡á„ƒŽƒ…‡á…‘–”ƒ•–‘ˆ•‘—”…‡•ó v ä ‡•á‹–˜ƒ”‹‡• ’‡”ƒ‡–Ž› vt¨

†‘‡•‘–˜ƒ”›á‹– ”‡ƒ‹•…‘•–ƒ–

–˜ƒ”‹‡••‘‡™Šƒ–„—– ”‡ƒ‹••‹‰‹ˆ‹…ƒ–

uw¨

tu¨

”ƒ’Š‹… uä ‘ ›‘— –Š‹ –Šƒ– ™Šƒ– ‹• …‘•‹†‡”‡† ƒ• ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• …ƒ ˜ƒ”› „‡–™‡‡ •‹–—ƒ–‹‘• ƒ†…—Ž–—”‡•ë ‘—”…‡ã”‡’ƒ”‡†„›–Š‡ƒ—–Š‘”•ä

‡‰ƒ”†‹‰–Š‡…Š‘‹…‡–‘†‡˜‡Ž‘’ƒ•–‘”›–Šƒ–…‘—Ž†Šƒ”ƒ–Š‹”†’ƒ”–› ˆ‘” –Š‡•ƒ‡‘ˆƒ‰”‡ƒ–‡”‰‘‘†á‘”‡–Šƒ–Š”‡‡“—ƒ”–‡”•zr¨ ‘ˆ”‡•’‘†‡–• ™‘—Ž†’—„Ž‹•Š–Š‡‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ƒˆ–‡”ƒ–Š‘”‘—‰ŠƒƒŽ›•‹•‘ˆ„‘–Š‹–ƒ† –Š‡ ’‘••‹„Ž‡…‘•‡“—‡…‡•ä˜‹†‡…‡†„›ƒˆ‹”•–‰”‘—’…‘’”‹•‹‰uw¨  –Šƒ– ™‘—Ž† ’—„Ž‹•Š –Š‡ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ’”‘˜‹†‡† ™Š‡‡˜‡” –Š‹• ‹• …‘…”‡–‡ ƒ† Šƒ•”‡Ž‡˜ƒ…‡ãò…ƒ•‡‘ˆ…‘””—’–‹‘‹•‘„˜‹‘—•Ž›‰‘‹‰–‘ƒˆˆ‡…––Š‡’‡‘’Ž‡ „‡‹‰…‘””—’–á„—–™Šƒ–†‘‡•‹–ƒ––‡”‹ˆ–Š‡–”—–Š™‹ŽŽ„‡‡ˆ‹––Š‡•–ƒ–‡ó us âò –Š‹ ™‘—Ž†á‹–Šƒ•–‘„‡ƒ”‰—‡†á‹–Šƒ•–‘„‡…Ž‡ƒ”Ž›ƒ”‰—‡†ós ä †ƒ•‡…‘†‰”‘—’ˆ‘”‹‰vw¨‘ˆ–Š‡‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡†Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–••ƒ‹† –Š‡› ™‘—Ž† ƒƒŽ›•‡ ‡ƒ…Š ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ …ƒ•‡ „‡ˆ‘”‡ †‡…‹†‹‰ã ò‘— Šƒ˜‡ –‘ –Š‹ ƒ„‘—–‹–ƒŽ‘–䇅ƒ—•‡™Š‡›‘—ƒ”‡ƒˆˆ‡…–‹‰ƒ’‡”•‘›‘—ƒ”‡‹•—•‹‰ ƒ‡†‹—ä ˆ–Š‡‹’ƒ…–‹•˜‡”›Žƒ”‰‡á –Š‹™‡—•–„‡„ƒŽƒ…‡†ƒ†–”› –‘‰‹˜‡‡‘—‰Š‡Ž‡‡–•–‘‡ƒ„Ž‡…‹–‹œ‡•–‘—†‡”•–ƒ†–Šƒ––Š‹•’‘•‹–‹‘ „‡‡ˆ‹–•ƒ›’‡‘’Ž‡á„—–ƒˆˆ‡…–•‘–Š‡”•óv âò –Š‹™‡Šƒ˜‡–‘ˆƒ…‡–Šƒ– •‹–—ƒ–‹‘ƒ––Šƒ––‹‡–‘ƒ‡ƒ†‡…‹•‹‘óy ä ˆ‹ˆ–Šs{¨ ‘ˆ–Š‡‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡†Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–••ƒ‹†–Š‡›™‘—Ž†‡˜‡”’—„Ž‹•Šƒ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹˜‡‘–‡–Šƒ–…‘—Ž†Šƒ”‘–Š‡”•áƒ’’”‘ƒ…Š‹‰–Š‡•‹†‡‘ˆ‹†‡ƒŽ‹•ã



òŠ‡‘Ž›–Š‹‰™‡ƒ”‡†‡†‹…ƒ–‡†–‘‹•–‘‹ˆ‘”‹‰ƒ†‘–Š‹‰‡Ž•‡á ƒ† ‘––‘•‡‡‹‰‹–‡”‡•–•äää ™‘—Ž†‘–†‘‹–óx ä

ƒ„Ž‡ tã ‘—Ž† ›‘— ”‡’‘”– ‘ ƒ ’‹‡…‡ ‘ˆ ‡™• ™Š‹…Š …‘—Ž† Šƒ” ‘–Š‡”• ‹ˆ –Š‡ ”‡•—Ž–• ‘ˆ †‘‹‰ •‘ ’”‘†—…‡†ƒ‰”‡ƒ–‡”‰‘‘†ë ‘—”…‡ã”‡’ƒ”‡†„›–Š‡ƒ—–Š‘”•ä

Š‡ ”‡•—Ž–• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š ‘ –Š‡ ƒ••‡••‡– ‘ˆ –Š‡ …‘†—…– …‘•‹†‡”‡† ƒ• ”‡’”‡Š‡•‹„Ž‡ ”‡ˆŽ‡…– ƒ –‡†‡…› ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡† Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• –‘ –Š‡ †‹‡•‹‘‘ˆ‹†‡ƒŽ‹•„‡…ƒ—•‡‘ˆ–Š‡Š‹‰ŠŽ‡˜‡Ž•‘ˆ†‹•ƒ’’”‘˜ƒŽ‘ˆ‹–ãò˜‡”æ ›‘‡Šƒ•–Š‡‹”…‘…‡’–‘ˆ‡–Š‹…•á„—–ሑ”‡šƒ’Ž‡á›…‘…‡’– ‹•«‹–‹•‘–ƒ …Ž‹…Š±„—–‹–‹•–‘„‡Š‘‡•–«–‘Ž‡––Š‹‰•„‡–”ƒ•’ƒ”‡–á–‘•ƒ›”‡ƒŽ–Š‹‰•á „› ‰‡––‹‰ –Š‡ ‡™• ‘” ‡š…Ž—•‹˜‹–›  ƒ ‘– •‡ŽŽ‹‰ › •‘—Ž ‘” ‰‘‹‰ –‘ —•‡ •›•–‡•‘” ’”‘…‡••‡• ‘” “—‡•–‹‘ƒ„Ž‡ ‡–Š‘†•‘” ‡–Š‘†•–Šƒ– Žƒ–‡”ƒ”‡ ‰‘‹‰–‘“—‡•–‹‘‡ów ä Š‡ ‘•– ”‡Œ‡…–‡† ‡–Š‘†• „› ”‡•’‘†‡–• ƒ”‡ã s  ƒ……‡’–‹‰ ‘‡› ˆ”‘ ‡™• •‘—”…‡•á t  •‡‡‹‰ ’‡”•‘ƒŽ „‡‡ˆ‹–•á u  ’ƒ›‹‰ –‘ ‘„–ƒ‹ …‘ˆ‹†‡æ –‹ƒŽ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘á v  ’—„Ž‹•Š‹‰ —˜‡”‹ˆ‹‡† ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘á w  —•‹‰ ’‡”•‘ƒŽ †‘…—‡–• ™‹–Š‘—– ’‡”‹••‹‘á x  —•‹‰ Š‹††‡ …ƒ‡”ƒ•á y  ƒ……‡••‹‰ –‘ ƒ ’Žƒ…‡ ƒ• ƒ …Ž‡” ˆ‘” ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘á ƒ† z  ‡š‡”–‹‰ ’”‡••—”‡ ‘ •‘—”…‡• ‘ˆ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ä  –Š‡ ‘–Š‡” Šƒ†á ”‡’”‡Š‡•‹„Ž‡ ’”ƒ…–‹…‡• –Šƒ– ‡Œ‘› ƒ Š‹‰Š‡” Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘ˆ ƒ……‡’–ƒ…‡ ƒ‘‰ –Š‡ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡† Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ƒ”‡ã s  ”‡…”‡ƒ–‹‰ ‘” †”ƒƒæ –‹œ‹‰ …‡”–ƒ‹ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† t  —•‹‰ —ƒ—–Š‘”‹•‡† …‘ˆ‹†‡–‹ƒŽ †‘…—æ ‡–•ˆ”‘…‘’ƒ‹‡•‘” ‘˜‡”‡–ä



ƒ„Ž‡u㘃Ž—ƒ–‡‘ˆsæsr–Š‡ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰’”ƒ…–‹…‡•”‡‰ƒ”†‡†ƒ• ò”‡’”‡Š‡•‹„Ž‡ó‹–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… ’”ƒ…–‹…‡s„‡‹‰‡“—ƒŽ–‘Ž‹––Ž‡‘”‘–”‡’”‡Š‡•‹„Ž‡áƒ†sr–‘˜‡”›‘”–‘–ƒŽŽ›”‡’”‡Š‡•‹„Ž‡  ‘—”…‡ã”‡’ƒ”‡†„›–Š‡ƒ—–Š‘”•ä

Š‡ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡† Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• •Š‘™ –Š‡•‡Ž˜‡• ƒ‹Ž› ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡† „› –Š‡ •›•æ –‡• Ž‡˜‡Ž ƒ† –ƒ–‡ ‹–‡”˜‡–‹‘ã ò‡ Šƒ˜‡ ƒ ‰”‡ƒ– ”‡•’‘•‹„‹Ž‹–› –‘ –Š‡ ƒ—†‹‡…‡ –Šƒ– ‹• ™ƒ–…Š‹‰ —•ä † „‡•‹†‡• –Šƒ–á –Š‡”‡ ‹• ƒ •–”‘‰‡” Ž‡‰ƒŽ ˆ”ƒ‡™‘” –Šƒ– ‘™ ‹• —…Š •–”‹…–‡”á –Šƒ– ™‡ —•– ”‡•’‡…–ó y â ò ˆ –Šƒ– ‹• ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ –Šƒ– ™‹ŽŽ ‡…‘—”ƒ‰‡ ‘”‡ ’‡‘’Ž‡á „—– ™‡ ƒ”‡ ’ƒ••‹‰ ‘˜‡” ’”‹æ ˜ƒ…› •‡––‹‰• ‘” ƒˆˆ‡…–‹‰ –Š‡ Š‘‘—” ‘ˆ ƒ ’‡”•‘äää ƒŽ•‘ ™‡ ‡˜‡ ™‘—Ž† ‰‘ ƒ‰ƒ‹•––Š‡Žƒ™‹–•‡Žˆá„‡›‘†‡–Š‹…•ósu âò‡‡á–Š‡‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘•‘™‹• …Ž‡ƒ”äää ˆŒ—•–‹…‡Šƒ••ƒ‹†‘–Š‹‰á‘‡†‘‡•‘–Šƒ˜‡–‘„‡’—––‹‰ƒ‡•ó u 䎕‘á •‡˜‡”ƒŽ ‘ˆ–Š‘•‡‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡†‘– ‘Ž›‘– ‘Ž› ƒ’’”‡…‹ƒ–‡†–Š‡†‹æ •ƒ’’”‘˜ƒŽ ‘ˆ “—‡•–‹‘ƒ„Ž‡ ‡–Š‘†•á „—– ‘ˆ–‡ †‡Ž‹‹–‡† –Šƒ– •—…Š ’”ƒ…–‹…‡• ƒ”‡‡š’”‡••Ž›’”‘Š‹„‹–‡†‹„‘–Š†‡‘–‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ…‘†‡•‘ˆ‹–•‡†‹ƒƒ†‹–Š‡ ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘•ƒ™‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘”ä ‹ƒŽŽ›á „ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡ ”‡•—Ž–• ‘„–ƒ‹‡†á –Š‡ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡† Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•á ƒ• –Š‡‹” ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ ‹†‡‘Ž‘‰‹‡•á ™‘—Ž† „‡ …Žƒ••‹ˆ‹‡† ƒ• ‡‹‡–Ž› ƒ„•‘Ž—–‹•–á –‡†‹‰ –‘ •‹–—ƒ–‹‘‹•ƒ†Ž‡••–‘‡š…‡’–‹‘‹•ã



†‡’‡†•‘–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–ƒ†–Š‡‘”ƒŽ•–”‡‰–Š‘ˆ–Š‡‡–Š‹…ƒŽ ’”‘„Ž‡â ƒ†ˆ‘—”–ŠŽ›á„‡…ƒ—•‡‘•–‘ˆ–Š‘•‡‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡†™‘—Ž†’—„Ž‹•Š‹ˆ‘”ƒæ –‹‘á ƒˆ–‡” ƒ …Ž‘•‡ ƒƒŽ›•‹•á –Šƒ– ™‘—Ž† Šƒ” •‘‡‘‡ ™Š‡‡˜‡” ‹– ‹• ˆ‘” –Š‡‰”‡ƒ–‡”‰‘‘†ä Š‡•‡…‘…Ž—•‹‘••Š‘™–Šƒ–‘•–‘ˆ–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•á†‡•’‹–‡‰—‹†‹‰ –Š‡‹” ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽƒ…–‹˜‹–›ˆ”‘–Š‡ƒ„•‘Ž—–‹•–ƒ†•‹–—ƒ–‹‘‹•–’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡•«…Ž‘æ •‡”–‘–Š‡‹†‡ƒŽ‹•†‹‡•‹‘áƒ”‡•‘‡™Šƒ–”‡•—Ž–•æ‘”‹‡–‡†ƒ† ƒ†‹– –Šƒ–†ƒƒ‰‡•‘‡–‹‡•‹•’‘••‹„Ž‡‹‘”†‡”–‘ƒ…Š‹‡˜‡ƒ‰”‡ƒ–‡”‰‘‘†äŠ‹• ™‹ŽŽƒŽ‹‰–Š‡™‹–Š”‡Žƒ–‹˜‹•–‹…‡–Š‹…•–Šƒ–’”‘‘–‡•…‘…”‡–‡•‘Ž—–‹‘•–‘ ƒ•’‡…‹ˆ‹…’”‘„Ž‡ƒ†ƒ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡„ƒ•‡†‘ ‡š…‡’–‹‘‹• ™Š‹…Š •–ƒ–‡• –Šƒ– ƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š —‹˜‡”•ƒŽ ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ ’”‹…‹’Ž‡• ‹ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ƒ”‡ ‡‡†‡†á•‘‡–‹‡••‘‡—…‘˜‡–‹‘ƒŽ’”ƒ…–‹…‡•ƒ”‡ƒ……‡’–‡†äŠ‡”‡•—Ž– …‘ˆ‹”•áˆ‹”•–Ž›á–Š‡–‡†‡…›‘ˆ–”ƒ•‹–‹‘ˆ”‘‘‡’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ•–ƒ†ƒ”† ’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡–‘ƒŽ‹„‡”ƒŽ‘‡áƒ†•‡…‘†Ž›á–Š‡”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’‘ˆ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹…’”‘…‡••‡•ƒ†–Š‡…‘–‡š–«•’‡…‹ˆ‹…ƒŽŽ›™‹–Š‹•›•–‡•Ž‡˜‡Ž‹ –Š‡…ƒ•‡‘ˆ…—ƒ†‘”«„‡…ƒ—•‡áƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š”‡•’‘†‡–•…Žƒ‹–‘ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™ —‹æ ˜‡”•ƒŽ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ…‘†‡•á–Š‡›ƒ…–‹…‡”–ƒ‹™ƒ›•…‘•‹†‡”‡†ƒ•—‡–Š‹…ƒŽˆ‘” •‘…‹ƒŽ„‡‡ˆ‹–‘”‹ˆƒ˜‘”‘ˆ…‘””—’–’‡‘’Ž‡ƒ† ’”‘…‡••‡•ä Š‡ Š‹‰Š Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘ˆ ”‡Œ‡…–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‘•‡ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡† ‘ˆ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ‡–Š‘†• …‘•‹†‡”‡† ƒ• ”‡’”‡Š‡•‹„Ž‡ •Š‘™• –Š‡‹” †‹•–ƒ…‡ ˆ”‘ –Š‡ •—„Œ‡…–‹˜‹•– ’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡ –Šƒ– •—’’‘”–• –Š‡ ‹†‡ƒ –Šƒ– –Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡ …‡”–ƒ‹ „‡Šƒ˜‹‘—”• ‘” ‡‰ƒ–‹˜‡‡–Š‘†•–Šƒ–ƒ”‡•‘‡–‹‡•”‡“—‹”‡†ƒ† ƒ”‡Œ—•–‹ˆ‹ƒ„Ž‡ „ƒ•‡† ‘–Š‡•‡ƒ”…Šˆ‘”–Š‡„‡•–”‡•—Ž–•ä‘–Š‡…›‹…ƒŽƒ’’”‘ƒ…Š‹•”‡†—…‡†–‘ ƒ ‹‹—„‡…ƒ—•‡–Š‡‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡†Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ƒ––ƒ…Š‰”‡ƒ–‹’‘”–ƒ…‡ –‘ ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ †‹Ž‡ƒ•ä – ‹• …Ž‡ƒ” –Šƒ– –Š‡ ”‡•’‘†‡–• ‡‡’ ƒŽ™ƒ›• ‹ ‹† –Šƒ– –Š‡‹” ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ ‹†‡ƒ•á†‡•’‹–‡–Š‡‡š‹•–‡…‡‘ˆ—‹˜‡”•ƒŽ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ•–ƒ†ƒ”†•áƒ”‡„ƒæ•‡† ‘ –Š‡‹” ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ ’•›…Š‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ ƒ† †‡‘‰”ƒ’Š‹… …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹…•á–Š‡ …‘‰‹–‹˜‡‘”ƒŽ†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– ƒ†‹–•‡˜‹”‘‡–ä ‘”–Š‹•”‡ƒ•‘á …—ƒ†‘”•‘…‹‘…—Ž–—”ƒŽ•–ƒ†ƒ”†•…ƒ—•‡–Š‡‹”‡–Š‹…ƒŽ‹†‡ƒŽ•–‘”‡“—‹”‡ƒ†ƒ’æ –ƒ–‹‘–‘–Š‡…‘–‡š–ƒ†•‘…‹‡–›ä –ƒŽ•‘•–”‡••‡•–Šƒ––Š‡”‡•’‘†‡–•’Žƒ…‡ –Š‡‹” ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ …”‹–‡”‹ƒ ƒ„‘˜‡ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ « –Š‡ ”‡•—Ž–• •Š‘™ –Šƒ– –Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡‘ ƒŒ‘” †‹ˆˆ‡”‡…‡• ‹ ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ‹†‡‘Ž‘‰› ‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ™‘”‹‰ ‹ ’—„Ž‹…á ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ ‘” …‘—‹–› ‡†‹ƒ « ƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š –Š‡› ƒ”‡ ƒ™ƒ”‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ˆ—†ƒ‡–ƒŽƒ–—”‡‘ˆ–Š‡‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‡˜‹”‘‡–ƒ†‡†‹ƒ’‘Ž‹…›ä



Š‹Ž‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•’Žƒ…‡–Š‡‹”‡–Š‹…ƒŽ‹†‡ƒŽ•ƒ„‘˜‡–Š‡‹”‡†‹ƒá–Š‡› ‡‡’ ƒŽ™ƒ›•‹‹†–Š‡‹ˆŽ‘™•ˆ”‘–Š‡‡™Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹‘ƒ†–Š‡–ƒ–‡á …‘ˆ‹”æ ‹‰–Šƒ––Š‡”‡‹•ƒˆ‡ƒ”‘ˆ„‡‹‰’—‹•Š‡†äŠ‹••‹–—ƒ–‹‘•Š‘™•–Šƒ––Š‡ Š‹‰Š‡”–Š‡Ž‡˜‡Ž‘ˆ ‘˜‡”‡–‹–‡”˜‡–‹‘á–Š‡Ž‡••…‘‰‹–‹˜‡‘”ƒŽ†‡˜‡æ Ž‘’‡– ‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•–Š‡”‡‹•ä –Š‡…ƒ•‡‘ˆ…—ƒ†‘”ᔇ•’‘†‡–• ™‘—Ž†„‡’Žƒ…‡†‹ƒ…‘˜‡–‹‘ƒŽ‘”ƒŽŽ‡˜‡Ž„›•–”—…–—”‹‰–Š‡‹”‡–Š‹…ƒŽ ƒ†‘”ƒŽ†‹Ž‡ƒ•„ƒ•‡†‘’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽƒ†Ž‡‰ƒŽ”—Ž‡•ƒ†‡š’‡…–ƒ–‹‘•‘ˆ –Š‡‘–Š‡”…‹–‹œ‡•ä Š‡•‡ …‘…Ž—•‹‘• Ž‡ƒ† –‘ ƒ•‹‰ ™Š‡–Š‡” –Š‡”‡ ‹• ƒ ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ ‹†‡‘Ž‘‰› …Šƒæ ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹… †‡ˆ‹‹‰ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ‹ …—ƒ†‘”ä Ž–Š‘—‰Š ‘”•›–Š s{zr  †‹† ‘– †‹”‡…–Ž› ’”‘’‘•‡ ƒ Ž‹ „‡–™‡‡ –Š‡ ò‘”ƒŽ ’Š‹Ž‘•‘’Š›ó ƒ† –Š‡ ò—‡–Š‹…ƒŽó …Š‘‹…‡á ‹– …‘—Ž† „‡ ‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡†á „ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡ ”‡•—Ž–•á –Šƒ– –Š‡ …‘’ƒ”‹•‘ ‘ˆ ”‡Žƒ–‹˜‹•–• ƒ† ‹†‡ƒŽ‹•–• ™‘—Ž† „‡ Ž‹‡ …”‹–‹…ƒŽŽ› Œ—†‰‹‰ ò—‡–Š‹…ƒŽó ƒ…–‹‘•ä  –Š‹• •‡•‡á ‹†‡ƒŽ‹• ‹• ‡‰ƒ–‹˜‡Ž› ”‡Žƒ–‡† –‘ ò—‡–Š‹…ƒŽó …Š‘‹…‡• „› „‡‹‰ ‘”‡ ˆ‘…—•‡† ‘–Š‡†ƒƒ‰‡ –Šƒ–…ƒ „‡…ƒ—•‡†–‘‘–Š‡”•ä–Š‡…‘–”ƒ”›á ”‡Žƒ–‹˜‹• ‹• ’‘•‹–‹˜‡Ž› ”‡Žƒ–‡† –‘ –Š‡ ò—‡–Š‹…ƒŽó ‘’–‹‘• „‡…ƒ—•‡ –Š‡•‡ ƒ”‡ ‡ƒ•‹Ž› ”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‹•‡† „› ”‡Žƒ–‹˜‹•–•á „› Žƒ…‹‰ •–”‹…– ‘”ƒŽ ‰—‹†‡Ž‹‡•ä Š‡ ”‡•—Ž–• •Š‘™ –Šƒ– ƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š ”‡•’‘†‡–• ƒ”‡ †‡ˆ‹‡† ƒ• ‹†‡ƒŽ‹•–•á –Š‡”‡ ‹• ‡˜‹†‡…‡ –Šƒ– –Š‡”‡ ‹• ƒ –‡†‡…› –‘ ”‡Žƒ–‹˜‹• ƒ†á –Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡á –Š‡ ‡‡† ˆ‘” ‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘• –‘ …”‡ƒ–‡ ƒ ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ …—Ž–—”‡ ƒ”‘—† –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•– „ƒ•‡†‘ –Š‡ •‡Ž‡…–‹‘á –”ƒ‹‹‰ ƒ† –Š‡ ‹’Ž‡‡–ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ’”ƒ…–‹…‡• –Šƒ– ’”‡˜‡– „‡Šƒ˜‹‘—”•„ƒ•‡†‘ ‹•…‘†—…–ä ‡›‘†–Š‡–ƒ–‡‘”•‘…‹‡–›•‡––‹‰‹‹—”‡‰—Žƒ–‘”›•–ƒ†ƒ”†•‘ˆŒ‘—”æ ƒŽ‹• –‘ ‡•—”‡ –Š‡ …‘‘ ‰‘‘† « •—…Š ƒ• ‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‹‰ –Š‡ ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ Žƒˆ‘” ‘‘†‹˜‹‰Žƒƒ…‹‘ƒŽ†‡Ž—‡‹˜‹” á–Š‡‡†‹ƒ—•–…”‡ƒ–‡ –Š‡‹”‘™ˆ”ƒ‡™‘”á‡š’Ž‹…‹–ƒ†–”ƒ•’ƒ”‡–‹…‘†—…––Šƒ–†‡–‡”‹‡• •‡Žˆæ”‡‰—Žƒ–‘”› •–ƒ†ƒ”†• „ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡ •–›Ž‡ ‰—‹†‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒá …‘†‡ ‘ˆ ‡–Š‹…• ƒ† ’‘Ž‹…› •–ƒ–‡‡–•ä Š‹• •‹–—ƒ–‹‘ ‹• ˆ—†ƒ‡–ƒŽ …‘•‹†‡”‹‰ –Šƒ––Š‡…—””‡– ‘˜‡”‡–…ƒ…Šƒ‰‡ƒ†•‘…‹‡–›‹•‘–ƒ•–ƒ–‹… ‡–‹–›ä ‡…‡á–Š‡’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ƒ†–Š‡‡†‹ƒ—•–„‡„ƒ•‡† ‘•‘Ž‹†ˆ‘—†ƒ–‹‘•á’”‘’‡”Ž›‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡†á–Šƒ–’”‘‘–‡ƒ”‡•’‘•‹„Ž‡ƒ† ’Ž—”ƒŽ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ä Ž‘‰–Š‡•ƒ‡Ž‹‡•áƒ”†trr{ •–ƒ–‡•–Šƒ––Š‡ˆ—–—”‡‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹…‡–Š‹…• †‡’‡†• ‘ –Š‡ •—……‡•• ‘ˆ –Š‡ —‹‘ „‡–™‡‡ –™‘ ƒŒ‘” ’”‘Œ‡…–•ã s –Š‡ †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– ‘ˆ ƒ ”‹…Š „ƒ•‹… –Š‡‘”› ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… ‡–Š‹…• « –Š‹• ”‡“—‹”‡• ’”‘’‡”‡’‹•–‡‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•âƒ†t –Š‡ †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–



‘ˆ ò‹š‡† ‡†‹ƒ ‡–Š‹…•ó ƒ••‘…‹ƒ–‡† ™‹–Š ƒ •‡– ‘ˆ ’”‹…‹’Ž‡• ƒ† ”—Ž‡• ƒ• ƒ —Ž–‹’Ž‡ ’Žƒ–ˆ‘” « –Š‹• ‹• ƒ ’”‘Œ‡…– „ƒ•‡† ‘”‡ ‘ ’”ƒ…–‹…ƒŽ ƒ•’‡…–• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ä Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡á ‹ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ˆ”‘ …—ƒ†‘” ‹–‡† –‘ •–”—…–—”‡ –Š‡‹” ‘™ ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ •–ƒ†ƒ”†•á ƒ’’”‘’”‹ƒ–‡† –‘ –Š‡ ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ Žƒ ˆ‘” ‘‘† ‹˜‹‰á –Š‡› •Š‘—Ž† …”‡ƒ–‡òƒ‘”ƒŽ‹–›”‘‘–‡†‹ƒ–—”‡óŠ”‹•–‹ƒ•ƒ†‘”†‡•–”‡‰á trrvãtr  ƒ†ƒ’–‡† –‘–Š‡ ‹†‹‘•›…”ƒ•‹‡• ‘ˆ–Š‡‹” ‘™ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ « „‡›‘†–Š‡ ‹†‡ƒ ‘ˆ —‹˜‡”•ƒŽ ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ •–ƒ†ƒ”†•ä Š‡› —•– „‡ „ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡ ‹†‡ƒ ‘ˆ ò‡’‘™‡”‡–ó•Š‘™„›”‹•Ž‹trrvãsur ƒ††‡ˆ‹‡†ƒ•ò–Š‡†‡‰”‡‡ ‹ ™Š‹…Š Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ‹• †‡•‹‰‡† –‘ ‡’‘™‡” …‹–‹œ‡• ˆ”‘ –Š‡‹” ‘™ •–”‡‰æ –Š•”ƒ–Š‡”–Šƒ…”‡ƒ–‹‰ƒ’ƒ••‹˜‡ƒ—†‹‡…‡‘ˆ …‘•—‡”•óä Š‡•‡ ˆ‹ƒŽ ”‡ˆŽ‡…–‹‘• …‘‹…‹†‡ ™‹–Š –Š‡ ”‡•—Ž–• ‘„–ƒ‹‡† „› Žƒ‹•ƒ…‡á ‡™‡•ƒ†ƒ‹–œ•…Štrst ‹–Š‡‹”•–—†‹‡•äŠ‡•‡ƒ—–Š‘”••—‰‰‡•––Šƒ– –Š‡”‡‹•ƒŠ‹‰Š…‘•‡•—•ƒ‘‰Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•‹…‘•‹†‡”‹‰–Šƒ––Š‡’”‡••—æ ”‡•ˆ”‘–Š‡’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•á…—Ž–—”ƒŽ†‹˜‡”•‹–›ƒ†‹†‡‘æ Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ …‘–‡š– ‘ˆ–‡ ƒ††”‡•• –Š‡ ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ ‰—‹†‡Ž‹‡• ˆ‘” Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ä‡…‡á ™‡…‘—Ž†•ƒ›–Šƒ––Š‡”‡•’‘†‡–•ˆ‘…—•–Š‡‹”ƒ…–‹˜‹–›ˆ”‘–Š‡†‹ƒŽ‘‰‹…‡–Š‹…• Š”‹•–‹ƒ•átrsv„ –Šƒ–”‡Žƒ–‡•–Š‡’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽŽ‹ˆ‡ƒ†–Š‡ ”‡•’‘•‹„Ž‡ Ž‹ˆ‡ ™‹–Š‹ –Š‡‹” …‘—‹–›ä Š‡•‡ …‘—‹–› ‡–Š‹…• ‹ …—ƒ†‘” ƒ”‡†‡˜‡Ž‘’‹‰ –‘ ƒ ‰”‡ƒ–‡” ‡š–‡– †—‡ –‘ ‡’‘™‡”‡– „› –Š‡ –ƒ–‡ « ˆ”‘–Š‡ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ Žƒ ˆ‘” ‘‘† ‹˜‹‰á ˆ‘” ‡šƒ’Ž‡ « ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”‡•’‡…– ƒ† …‘•‹†‡”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡–‹†‡–‹–‹‡•«‹…—ƒ†‘”–Š‡”‡ƒ”‡sz’‡‘’Ž‡æ‰”‘—’•’—‡„Ž‘• ƒ†sv ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‹–‹‡• ƒ…‹‘ƒŽ‹†ƒ†‡•  « –Šƒ– ƒ”‡ ‹ ƒ …‘—–”› …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•‡† „› Š›„”‹†‹•ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡‹” •‘…‹‡–› ƒ† …—Ž–—”‡ä ‘•‡“—‡–Ž›á ƒ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ Š”‹•–‹ƒ•trsv„ á…‘—‹–ƒ”‹ƒ‹•‹•‘–ƒ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ •›•–‡’‡” •‡á „—– ƒ •‘…‹ƒŽ’Š‹Ž‘•‘’Š›”‘‘–‡†‹–Š‡ò…‘‘‰‘‘†óƒ†‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽƒ—–‘‘›â•‘ –Šƒ–ᇖŠ‹…ƒŽ…‘—‹–›”‡ˆŽ‡…–•–Š‡’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‹‘ƒ†–Š‡’Š‹Ž‘•‘’Š›‘ˆ…—Ž–—”‡ ƒ††‹ƒŽ‘‰—‡‘ˆ…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ä ‹ƒŽŽ›á –Š‡ …‘…Ž—•‹‘• •Š‘™ †‹•–‹…–‹˜‡ ‹†‡‘Ž‘‰‹‡• ƒ† ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ –”ƒ‹–• ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• –Šƒ– ƒ”‡ ’ƒ”– ‘ˆ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ ‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘”â ‡˜‡ „‡›‘† ˆ—†ƒ‡–ƒŽ ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ ’”‹…‹’Ž‡• « –”—–Šá †‹‰‹–› ƒ† ‘æ˜‹‘Ž‡…‡ « Š”‹•æ –‹ƒ•átrsv„ 䊋•‰Ž‘„ƒŽƒ†Ž‘…ƒŽ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’†‡‘•–”ƒ–‡• –Š‡ ‡˜‘Ž—–‹‘ –‘™ƒ”†• ƒ ò‘ó ‡•–‡” ƒ† ’‘•–…‘Ž‘‹ƒŽ ’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡ ƒ”‡† „› ‹–• ‘™ …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹…• –Šƒ– †‡ˆ‹‡ ‹– –‘™ƒ”†• ‘˜‡”…‘‹‰ –Š‡ ò…”‹•‹• ‘ˆ —†‡”•æ –ƒ†‹‰ó ‹”Ž‹á s{{v  ’”‘†—…‡† „› –Š‡ ‹‡ˆˆ‡…–‹˜‡‡•• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘Ž† ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ …ƒ–‡‰‘”‹•ƒ–‹‘–‘†‡ˆ‹‡‹–• ’‡…—Ž‹ƒ”‹–‹‡•ä



1RWHV {y ƒ‰†‹‹ƒtrrv •’‡ƒ•‘ˆò‡†‹ƒ‘‘’‘Ž›óƒ•ƒ…‘‰Ž‘‡”ƒ–‡–›’‹…ƒŽ‘ˆ…Šƒ‡Ž•‘ˆ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘‹–Š‡™‘”Ž†ä {z ‡”ƒƒ†Š‘•›trrt †‡ˆ‹‡ò’”‘’ƒ‰ƒ†ƒ‘†‡Žóƒ•ƒ‡†‹ƒƒ––Š‡•‡”˜‹…‡‘ˆ –Š‡‹–‡”‡•–•‘ˆ–Š‡–ƒ–‡ƒ†–Š‡’”‹˜ƒ–‡ •‡…–‘”ä {{  ƒ› uá s{{x  …‡Ž‡„”ƒ–‡† –Š‡ –‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ƒ› ‘ˆ ”‡‡†‘ ‘ˆ š’”‡••‹‘ s{{x  Š‹‰ŠŽ‹‰Š–‹‰á‹ƒ”‹•á –Š‡–Š‡‡…Š‘•‡ –‘ …‘‡‘”ƒ–‡ ‹–•  ƒ‹˜‡”•ƒ”› ™ƒ•ã òŠ‡”‡ …ƒ „‡ ‘ ’”‡•• ˆ”‡‡†‘ ‹ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ™‘” ‹’‘˜‡”–›á…‘””—’–‹‘ƒ†ˆ‡ƒ”󋐜ƒ”á trss ä srr ‘‡ ‡šƒ’Ž‡• ƒ”‡ã  ‡…Žƒ”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ”‹…‹’Ž‡• ‘ –Š‡ ‘†—…– ‘ˆ ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ‘”Ž† ‘‰”‡•• ‘ˆ –Š‡ æ –‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ‡†‡”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•á s{wv â ‡…Žƒ”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ —†ƒ‡–ƒŽ ”‹…‹’Ž‡• …‘…‡”‹‰ –Š‡ ‘–”‹„—–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡ ƒ•• ‡†‹ƒ á s{yz ⠐–‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ”‹…‹’Ž‡• ‘ˆ ”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ –Š‹…• ‹ ‘—”ƒŽ‹•  –‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•á s{zu ⠐—ƒŽ ‡’‘”– –Š‡ –‡”揇”‹…ƒ ‘‹••‹‘  –‡”æ ‡”‹…ƒ ‘‹••‹‘ás{{{ â ‡…Žƒ”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ”‹…‹’Ž‡• ‘ –Š‡ ”‡‡†‘ ‘ˆ š’”‡••‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ –‡”揇”‹…ƒ ‘‹••‹‘ ‘—ƒ ‹‰Š–•  á trss â –Š‡ ‘”Ž† —‹– ‘ –Š‡ ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ‘…‹‡–› ‹–‡† ƒ–‹‘•á ‡‡˜‡á trruâ —‹•átrrw ⇖…ä srs Š‡•‡™‹ŽŽ„‡†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡†ˆ—”–Š‡”‹–Š‡‡š– •‡…–‹‘ä srt Š‡‘”ƒŽ’Š‹Ž‘•‘’Š‹‡•ƒ”‡†‡”‹˜‡†ˆ”‘’Š‹Ž‘•‘’Š‹…ƒŽ‘”ƒ–‹˜‡ –Š‡‘”‹‡• ‘”•›–Šá s{zr ä sru Š‡•‡–™‘’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡•ƒ”‡™‹–Š‹–Š‡‰”‘—’‘ˆ ”‡Žƒ–‹˜‹•–•ä srv ’’Ž‹‡†–‘Œ—•–‹ˆ›—…‘˜‡–‹‘ƒŽƒ†’‘–‡–‹ƒŽŽ›Šƒ”ˆ—ŽŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹…’”ƒ…–‹…‡•‡ä‰ä Šƒ”ƒ••‡–‘ˆ‡™••‘—”…‡•á’ƒ›‡– ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ä srw ò –‡‰”‹–›ó •‹’Ž‹…‹–›á –”ƒ•’ƒ”‡…› á òƒ˜‘‹†‹‰ Šƒ”óá ò‹–‡‰”‹–›óá òˆ”‡‡†‘á ‹†‡’‡†‡…‡ ƒ† •‡Žˆæ‡•–‡‡óáòˆƒ‹”‡••óá òŠ‘‡•–›óá òŒ—•–‹…‡óá ò”‡•’‡…– ˆ‘” ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ Š‘‘—”ó ƒ† ò–”—•–ó ‡””•…Š‡” trrtã tzrætzsâ Žƒ‹•ƒ…‡ ƒ†‡™‡•átrruãzu{⃐‹–œ•…Šátrryã uyz ä





&KDSWHU;,9

Š‡’‡”…‡’–‹‘‘ˆ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽƒ—–‘‘›‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘”‹ƒ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• $EVWUDFW Š‹•…Šƒ’–‡”•Š‘™•–Š‡”‡•—Ž–•’‡”–ƒ‹‹‰–‘–Š‡Ž‡˜‡Ž‘ˆ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽƒ—æ –‘‘›–Šƒ–…—ƒ†‘”‹ƒŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ˆ‡‡Ž–Š‡›Šƒ˜‡‹–Š‡‹”†ƒ‹Ž›™‘”ƒ† –Š‡ ƒŒ‘” …‘•–”ƒ‹–• –Šƒ– ƒ”‡ „ƒ•‡† ‘ Ž‡˜‡Ž• ‘” ˆƒ…–‘”• ‘ˆ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡ä ”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽƒ—–‘‘›‹•‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ‹˜ƒŽ—‡•–Šƒ–†‡–‡”‹‡–Š‡ Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘ˆ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ƒ†–Š‡’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹•‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• •‹…‡‹–‹•†‹”‡…–Ž›Ž‹‡†–‘–Š‡…‘…‡’–•‘ˆ•‡Žˆæ”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘áˆ”‡‡†‘‘ˆ ‡šæ ’”‡••‹‘ƒ†‹†‡’‡†‡…‡äŠ‹••‹–—ƒ–‹‘…ƒ—•‡•–Š‡‹ˆŽ—‡…‡•’‡”…‡‹˜‡† „› Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• –‘ †‹”‡…–Ž› ƒˆˆ‡…– –Š‡‹” ˆ”‡‡†‘ ‘ˆ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ƒ…–‹‘ ƒ†á –Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡á–Š‡‹””ƒ–‡•‘ˆƒ—–‘‘›äŠ‡”‡•—Ž–••Š‘™–Šƒ–‘•–‘ˆ–Š‡‹–‡”æ ˜‹‡™‡†Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•…‘•‹†‡”–Š‡•‡Ž˜‡•–‘Šƒ˜‡–‘–ƒŽˆ”‡‡†‘‹–Š‡‡†‹ƒ ƒ† –Šƒ– –Š‡ ƒ‹ …‘•–”ƒ‹–• …‘‡ ˆ”‘ –Š‡ •›•–‡• Ž‡˜‡Žá •’‡…‹ˆ‹…ƒŽŽ› ˆ”‘–Š‡…—””‡–Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹‘‹…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ä



,QWURGXFWLRQ Š‹•…Šƒ’–‡”•Š‘™•ƒƒ’’”‘š‹ƒ–‡‹†‡ƒ‘ˆ–Š‡’‡”…‡’–‹‘‘ˆ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ƒ—–‘‘›–Šƒ–Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•Šƒ˜‡‹…—ƒ†‘”აƒŽ›•‹‰–Š‡Ž‹‹–•–Šƒ– –Š‡› ˆ‹†™‹–Š‹–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡‘ˆ–Š‡…‘—–”›ä”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ƒ—–‘‘› ‹•‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ‹˜ƒŽ—‡•–Šƒ–†‡–‡”‹‡–Š‡Ž‡˜‡Ž‘ˆ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ƒ†–Š‡’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹•‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–••‹…‡‹–‹•†‹”‡…–Ž›Ž‹‡† –‘–Š‡…‘…‡’–•‘ˆ•‡Žˆ”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘áˆ”‡‡†‘‘ˆ‡š’”‡••‹‘ƒ† ‹†‡’‡†‡æ …‡äŠ‹••–—†›áƒŽ‘‰–Š‡Ž‹‡•’”‘’‘•‡†„›‡ŽŽƒ†‘ƒ†—ƒ‡• trst á –”‹‡•–‘—†‡”•–ƒ†–Š‡…‘…‡’–‘ˆ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽƒ—–‘‘›ˆ”‘ƒ —Ž–‹†‹æ ‡•‹‘ƒŽ’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡™Š‡”‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•’‡”…‡‹˜‡–Š‡‹”Ž‡˜‡Ž‘ˆƒ—–‘‘› ƒ•ƒ‡••‡–‹ƒŽˆƒ…–‘”‹’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ’”ƒ…–‹…‡‹™Š‹…Š‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽá ‘”‰ƒ‹æ •ƒ–‹‘ƒŽƒ†…‘–‡š–—ƒŽˆƒ…–‘”•Šƒ˜‡ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡ä Š‡ •–—†› ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… ƒ—–‘‘› Šƒ• Šƒ† ƒ …Šƒ‰‡ ‘ˆ †‹”‡…–‹‘ä Š‹• ™ƒ• –”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽŽ› ƒƒŽ›•‡† „ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡ ˜ƒŽ—‡• ƒ† ’”‹‘”‹–‹‡• ‹’‘•‡† ‘ Œ‘—”æ ƒŽ‹•–• ‹ –Š‡‹” ‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ‡˜‹”‘‡– ‡ä‰ä ŽŽ‹‘––á s{ytâ …ŠŽ‡•‹‰‡”á s{yz ƒ†‹–‹•…—””‡–Ž›Ž‹‡†–‘–Š‡•‡’ƒ”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒƒ†–Š‡–ƒ–‡ ŒÞ˜ƒƒ‰á trsuã sxu  ƒ† –‘ ò–Š‡ –Š”‡ƒ– ‘ˆ ’‘••‹„Ž‡ ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ƒ‹’—Žƒ–‹‘ó œƒ”á trssã swr  ‘” –Š‡ ‘’’‘•‹–‡ ‡ˆˆ‡…– ‘ˆ ‡†‹ƒ–‹œƒ–‹‘ ƒœœ‘Ž‡‹ ƒ† …Š—Žœás{{{⊃˜‡”‘ƒ†…‘ŽŽäátrsu 䊋••‹–—ƒ–‹‘Šƒ•…ƒ—•‡† Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… ƒ—–‘‘› –‘ ƒ”‹•‡ ƒ• ƒ ‡› ’‘‹– ‹ –Š‡ †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ƒ• ƒ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ ‘Š•–‘‡ƒ†…‘ŽŽäás{yx ä Š‡ ’”‘…‡•• ‘ˆ …Šƒ‰‡ ‹ ™Š‹…Š …—ƒ†‘” ˆ‹†• ‹–•‡Žˆ •‹…‡ –Š‡ ƒ””‹˜ƒŽ –‘ –Š‡ ’”‡•‹†‡…› ‘ˆ ƒˆƒ‡Ž ‘””‡ƒ ‹ trry ‹• …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•‡† „› –Š‡ ”ƒ’‹† –”ƒ•æ ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘–Šƒ–‹•‘……—””‹‰‹–Š‡”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘ƒ†•–”—…–—”‡‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒ•›•–‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ …‘—–”›ä ‘ —…Š •‘ –Šƒ–á ƒ• •–ƒ–‡† „› ‡”˜‹‡— ƒ† ƒ•‘trsrã t ‹–Š‡”‡’‘”–„›‡’‘”–‡”•‹–Š‘—–‘”†‡”•á‹…—ƒ†‘”–Š‡”‡‹•ƒò˜‘Ž…ƒ‹… ‡†‹ƒ ‡˜‹”‘‡–óä Š‡ ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‡• ‘ˆ –Š‹• …Šƒ’–‡” ƒ”‡ã s  ‘‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š –Š‡ Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘ˆ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ƒ—–‘‘› –Šƒ– –Š‡ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡† Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ˆ‡‡Ž –Š‡› Šƒ˜‡ ™‹–Š‹ –Š‡ Œ‘—”æ ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ ‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘”â t  ‘ ƒ•…‡”–ƒ‹ –Š‡ †‡‰”‡‡ ‘ˆ †‡…‹•‹‘ –Šƒ– –Š‡› Šƒ˜‡‹–Š‡’”‘…‡••‘ˆ’”‡’ƒ”ƒ–‹‘á’”‘…‡••‹‰ƒ†’—„Ž‹…ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡‹”™‘”• ‹ –Š‡ ‡™•”‘‘• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ‹ …—ƒ†‘”â ƒ† u  ‘ †‡–‡”‹‡ –Š‡ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡•’‡”…‡‹˜‡†„›”‡•’‘†‡–•ˆ”‘…‘–‡š–—ƒŽˆƒ…–‘”•–Šƒ–†‡–‡”‹æ ‡–Š‡‹”Ž‡˜‡Ž‘ˆƒ—–‘‘›™‹–Š‹–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡‘ˆ…—ƒ†‘”ä



 $XWRQRP\DVDSURIHVVLRQDOYDOXHRI MRXUQDOLVP —–‘‘› ‹• –Š‡ ”‹‰Š– –‘ •‡Žˆæ‰‘˜‡”ƒ…‡á ™Š‡”‡ ò–Š‡ •–ƒ–—• ‘ˆ •‡Žˆæ‰‘˜‡”æ ‡– ‹• …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•‡† „› –Š‡ ƒ„‹Ž‹–› –‘ ‡š‡”…‹•‡ ‹†‡’‡†‡…‡á •‘˜‡”‡‹‰–›á Œ—”‹•†‹…–‹‘ƒŽ‹–›óŒÞ˜ƒƒ‰átrsuãsww ƒ†ò•‡Žˆ”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘óŒÞ˜ƒƒ‰átrsuã sxu ä Ž‘‰–Š‡•ƒ‡Ž‹‡•áƒ—–Š‘”••—…Šƒ•‡””‹ŽŽs{yv ƒ†‡ƒs{{r †‡ˆ‹‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ƒ—–‘‘› ƒ• –Š‡ …ƒ’ƒ…‹–› ˆ‘” Œ—†‰‡– ‘” –Š‡ ƒ„‹Ž‹–› –‘ ƒ‡ ’‡”•‘ƒŽ †‡…‹•‹‘• ™‹–Š‘—– „‡‹‰ ƒˆˆ‡…–‡† „› ‡š–‡”ƒŽ ‘” ‹–‡”ƒŽ ‹ˆŽ—‡æ …‡•â „‡‹‰ ƒ••‘…‹ƒ–‡†á ƒ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ …—ƒ‹Ž s{{v á ™‹–Š ’Ž—”ƒŽ‹• ƒ† –Š‡ †‡ˆ‡…‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ •‘…‹ƒŽ ”‘Ž‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ ƒ‰ƒ‹•– ”‡•–”‹…–‹‘• ‘ ˆ”‡‡†‘ ‘ˆ ‡š’”‡••‹‘ ƒ† –Š‡ ’—„Ž‹… ‹–‡”‡•–• ‡ŽŽƒ†‘ ƒ† —ƒ‡•á trst ä Š—•á ˆ‘” •‘‡ ƒ—–Š‘”•á ‹ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ƒ• ƒ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ ò•‘‡ ‡…Šƒ‹•• ƒ”‡ ‡•æ •‡–‹ƒŽ –‘ ’”‘–‡…– ƒ† ‰—ƒ”ƒ–‡‡ ‹ –Š‡ ‡™•”‘‘ –Šƒ– ‹†‡’‡†‡…‡ ƒ† ƒ—–‘‘›‘ˆ–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–󜐃”átrssãsyv ᄇ…ƒ—•‡ƒ—–‘‘›‹˜‘Ž˜‡•ƒ •‡Žˆæƒƒ‰‡‡– ‘ˆ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ –‡…Š‹“—‡• …‡˜‹––á trru ä Š‹• ƒ„‹Ž‹–› ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• –‘ …—”„ –Š‡ ƒ––‡’–• „› …‘”’‘”ƒ–‡ ’”‡••—”‡• ‹•á ˆ‘” •‘‡ ƒ—–Š‘”•á –Š‡ ƒ‹ ’‘™‡” ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ƒ‰ƒ‹•– –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ”–‡‰ƒ ƒ† —æ ƒ‡•átrrr„ ä Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡á ‹– ‹• —†‡”•–‘‘† –Šƒ– ‹ ƒ Ž‹„‡”ƒŽ †‡‘…”ƒ…› –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ƒ”‡ òˆ”‡‡ –‘ ’—„Ž‹•Š ™Šƒ–‡˜‡” –Š‡› ™ƒ– ƒ† ˆ”‡‡Ž› …”‹–‹…‹•‡á ƒ† ‡˜‡ ƒ––ƒ… –Š‡

‘˜‡”‡–‹‘”†‡”–‘‹’”‘˜‡•‘…‹‡–›ó‡––„‡”‰›‹…אátrstãts ä ò ‘” –Š‹•–‘Šƒ’’‡‹ƒ†‡‘…”ƒ–‹…™ƒ›áŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ƒ†Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹…‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘• —•– „‡ ƒ—–‘‘‘—• ‹ –Š‡‹” †‡…‹•‹‘•ƒ„‘—– ‡™• …‘˜‡”ƒ‰‡ ƒ†…”‹–‹…‹• ‘ˆ–Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡–ó Ž‘”átrsuãu ä Š‡…‘Š‡•‹˜‡…‘…‡’–•‘ˆ–Š‡‹†‡ƒ‘ˆò•–ƒ–‡‘ˆŽ‹„‡”ƒŽ†‡‘…”ƒ…›ó–Šƒ– ’‘æ Ž‹–‹…‹ƒ• ‹ ƒ› …‘—–”› •Š‘—Ž† •‡‡ –‘ ‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š ƒ”‡ã s  ƒ Š‹‰Š †‡‰”‡‡ ‘ˆ ’‡”•‘ƒŽˆ”‡‡†‘á™Š‹…Š‹…Ž—†‡•–Š‡‰—ƒ”ƒ–‡‡‘ˆ”‹‰Š–••—…Šƒ•ˆ”‡‡†‘ ‘ˆ‡š’”‡••‹‘ƒ†–Š‡”‹‰Š–‘ˆƒ••‘…‹ƒ–‹‘âƒ†t ƒ•›•–‡‘ˆ ‘˜‡”‡– †‡ˆ‹‡†„›‹–•…‘’‡–‡…‡á…‹˜‹…’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‹‘ƒ†”‡•’‘•‹˜‡‡•• Žá trsr 䐆‡”–Š‡•‡ƒ••—’–‹‘•á–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹…’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘‘ˆƒ…‘—–”›‹• †‡ˆ‹‡†„›–Š‡Ž‡˜‡Ž‘ˆ’”‡••ˆ”‡‡†‘áò—†‡”•–‘‘†ƒ•–Š‡”‡•—Ž–‘ˆ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ’ƒ”ƒŽŽ‡Ž‹• ‹ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ƒ† –ƒ–‡ ‹–‡”˜‡–‹‘ó ‡‹…Š ƒ† ƒ‹–œ•…Šá trsuãsvr ä Ž–Š‘—‰Š –Š‡ ‘†‡Ž ‘ˆ ò•‘…‹ƒŽ ”‡•’‘•‹„‹Ž‹–›ó ‹• ‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡† ‹ ‘”†‡” –‘ ‡æ •—”‡ ‘”‡ ‡“—‹–ƒ„Ž‡ …‘˜‡”ƒ‰‡ ‘ˆ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘á ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ ‡…‘‘‹… ˆƒ…–‘”• ”‡æ ƒ‹ –Š‡ †‘‹ƒ– ˆ‘”…‡ ™Š‡ ‹– …‘‡• –‘ …ƒ””›‹‰ ‘—– –Š‡ ‡™• …‘˜‡”ƒ‰‡



—Àá trss ä ƒ‹‰ ‹–‘ ƒ……‘—– –Šƒ– –Š‡ ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ ‡†‹ƒ Šƒ˜‡ –Š‡ ‡‡† –‘ •—”˜‹˜‡ –Š”‘—‰Š ƒ†˜‡”–‹•‹‰ ”‡˜‡—‡•á …‘—–”‹‡• ™Š‘•‡ Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹‘ ‘ …‘æ —‹…ƒ–‹‘ ‡†‹ƒ Šƒ• „‡‡ ‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡† „› ƒ ‘†‡Ž „ƒ•‡† ‘ •‘…‹ƒŽ ”‡•’‘æ •‹„‹Ž‹–›«‡ä‰ä…—ƒ†‘”ᇐ‡œ—‡Žƒá‘Ž‹˜‹ƒá”‰‡–‹ƒá”—‰—ƒ›á‡–…ä «„‡…‘‡ –Š‡ ‘„Œ‡…– ‘ˆ –™‘ –›’‡• ‘ˆ …‡•‘”•Š‹’ ‘” …‘–”‘Žã s  …‡•‘”•Š‹’ ‹’‘•‡† „› –Š‡–ƒ–‡á™Š‹…Š•‡‡•–‘‡•—”‡„ƒŽƒ…‡‹…‘˜‡”ƒ‰‡âƒ†t …‡•‘”•Š‹’–Šƒ– …‘‡• ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ ‹–‡”‡•–• ‘ˆ ‡†‹ƒ ‘™‡”• ‡––„‡”‰ ƒ† ‹…אá trst 䊇•‡–Š”‡ƒ–•–‘ˆ”‡‡†‘‘ˆ•’‡‡…Šƒ†’”‡••ƒ”‡•‹–—ƒ–‹‘•–Šƒ–•Š‘—Ž† …‘…‡” ‡˜‡”›‘‡ã ‘˜‡”‡–á …‹˜‹Ž •‘…‹‡–›á Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•á ‘”†‹ƒ”›…‹–‹œ‡•á ‡–…äá •‘ –Šƒ– –Š‡› ‰‘ •–”ƒ‹‰Š– –‘ –Š‡ Š‡ƒ”– ‘ˆ †‡‘…”ƒ…› ‹…ƒ—”–‡átrsr ä ……‘”†‹‰–‘‡‡•‡s{{{ ᎃ–‡Žƒ•–…‡–—”›á–Š‡™‘”‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•‹ ‡™•æ ”‘‘• ™ƒ• „ƒ•‡† ‘ ƒ†Š‡”‡…‡ –‘ ƒ …‘†‡ ‘ˆ …‘†—…–á ‡†‹ƒ ‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ‰”‘—’• •—’’‘”–‹‰ –Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ƒ…–‹˜‹–›ä – –Š‹• ’‘‹– ‹– †‹ˆˆ‡”‡† ˆ”‘ ƒ…–‹˜‹–‹‡• •—…Š ƒ• Žƒ™á ‡†‹…‹‡ ‘” ‡‰‹‡‡”‹‰á’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘• ™‹–Š ƒ …‘‘ „ƒ•‹• ƒ† ƒ •Šƒ”‡† ‡š’‡”‹‡…‡ ‹ …‘ŽŽ‡‰‡ä Š‹• ‹••—‡”ƒ‹•‡† „› –Š‡ ƒ—–Š‘” Šƒ• „‡‡ ‘‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘•– ‹’‘”–ƒ–ƒ† †‡„ƒ–‡†•‹…‡ –Š‡ •‡…‘† ŠƒŽˆ ‘ˆ –Š‡ tr–Š …‡–—”› †—‡ –‘ ‹–• ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’ ™‹–Š –Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• –Šƒ– ƒŽ™ƒ›• ‡‡’• ‹ ‹† ò–Š‡ ƒ…ƒ†‡‹… „ƒ…‰”‘—† ƒ† –Š‡ –›’‡ ‘ˆ ‡†—…ƒ–‹‘ ‘” –”ƒ‹‹‰ ”‡…‡‹˜‡†ó  ‘Š•–‘‡ ƒ† …‘ŽŽäás{yxãstu ä ƒŽŽ‹ƒ†ƒ…‹‹á‹–Š‡‹”™‘”‘’ƒ”‹‰‡†‹ƒ›•–‡•ãŠ”‡‡‘†‡Ž• ‘ˆ ‡†‹ƒ ƒ† ‘Ž‹–‹…• ‘ˆ trrvá †‡–‡”‹‡† –Šƒ– –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ‘†‡Ž ‘ˆ ƒ…‘—–”› …‘•‹•–• ‘ˆ ƒ —„‡” ‘ˆ ˆƒ…–‘”• ‹…Ž—†‹‰ –Š‡ †‡‰”‡‡ ‘ˆ ƒ—–‘‘›ƒ† ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹• ‘ˆ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• « ’‘™‡” ‘ˆ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ƒ••‘…‹ƒ–‹‘•á ”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‰ƒ……‡•• –‘ –Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ †‡‰”‡‡ ‘ˆ ‹–”—•‹˜‡‡••  ƒ† Ž‡˜‡Ž‘ˆ ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ä ò ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• –”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽŽ› †‡ˆ‡† ƒ—–‘‘› ƒ• –Š‡ ’”‹…‹’Ž‡ –Šƒ– ƒŽŽ‘™•–Š‡‡†‹ƒ–‘ˆ—Žˆ‹Ž–Š‡‹”†—–›–‘‹ˆ‘”…‹–‹œ‡•ˆ”‡‡ˆ‘”’ƒ”–‹•ƒ„‹ƒ• ƒ† ‘–Š‡” …‘””—’–‹‰ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡•ä ”‘ –Š‹• ’‘‹– ‘ˆ ˜‹‡™á Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–••‡”˜‡ –Š‡ ’—„Ž‹… „› –Š‡ •‡ƒ”…Šá ‘– ‹ ƒ •–”‹…–Ž› ‡’‹•–‡‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ •‡•‡á ˆ‘”„ƒŽƒ…‡á ˆƒ‹”‡••ƒ†‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–›ó…‡˜‹––átrruãswx ä …—ƒ†‘”–Š‹•’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•‹•„ƒ•‡†‘ˆƒ…–‘”• •—…Š ƒ•‡†—…ƒ–‹‘‘”–”ƒ‹‹‰ƒ†’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽƒ—–‘‘›ä‡‰ƒ”†‹‰ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘æ ƒŽ –”ƒ‹‹‰á –Š‡ ƒ†‘’–‹‘ ƒ† ’”‘Ž‹ˆ‡”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‡™ ˆƒ…—Ž–‹‡• ƒ† •…Š‘‘Ž• ‘ˆ‘…‹ƒŽ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ƒ† ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ƒ†–‡…Š‹…ƒŽƒ† –‡…Š‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ †‡‰”‡‡•‹•Š‹‰ŠŽ‹‰Š–‡†ŽŽ‡”ƒ†Šƒ˜‡”‘átrswƒ ä



‡Žƒ–‡† –‘ –Š‡ ƒ—–‘‘› ‹ –Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘á òƒ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ‹• –Š‡ ‘‡ ™Š‘ ’—–• •’‡…‹ƒŽ ‡’Šƒ•‹• ‘ Š‹• •‡”˜‹…‡á Š‹• ‹–‡ŽŽ‡…–—ƒŽ ƒ…–‹˜‹–›á Š‹• ƒ—–‘‘›á Š‹• ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡ ƒ† –Šƒ– ‹• ‹ ’‘••‡••‹‘ ‘ˆ •’‡…‹ƒŽ‹•‡†‹–‡ŽŽ‡…–—ƒŽ–‡…Š‹“—‡• –Šƒ– ƒŽŽ‘™ ƒ ‡ˆˆ‡…–‹˜‡ •‡”˜‹…‡ –‘ –Š‡ …‘—‹–›ó ƒ””惗†‡”• ƒ† ‹Ž•‘ás{uu⎆”‹†‰‡ƒ†˜‡––•átrruᎎ‡”ƒ†‡‹‡”átrst⎎‡”ƒ†Šƒæ ˜‡”‘á trsw ä Š‹• ‹†‡ƒ ‘ˆ ƒ—–‘‘› ‹ …—ƒ†‘” ‹• …‘’”‘‹•‡† „› ƒ—–Š‘”• •—…Šƒ•ƒ‹•„‘”†trsuãswz ᙊ‘•’‡ƒ•‘ˆò…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ’”‡•‹†‡–‹ƒæ Ž‹•ó „‡…ƒ—•‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ •–”‘‰ ’ƒ”ƒŽŽ‡Ž †”ƒ™ „‡–™‡‡ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ƒ† ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ƒ…–‘”•â …”‡ƒ–‹‰ ƒ •‘…‹‘’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ …‘–‡š– †‡ˆ‹‡† „› ƒ ‹† ‘ˆ ’‘’—Ž‹•– ‘æ ˜‡”‡––Šƒ– Ž‡ƒ†• –‘ ƒ –›’‡ ‘ˆ’”‘’ƒ‰ƒ†ƒ ƒ† …‘–”‘ŽŽ‡” Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• –Šƒ– ‰‡‡”ƒ–‡• ‘„•–ƒ…Ž‡• –‘ ˆ”‡‡†‘ ‘ˆ‡š’”‡••‹‘ ƒ†ƒ……‡•• –‘ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘áˆ‘” „‘–Š‡†‹ƒ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ•ƒ†…‹–‹œ‡•ä Ž‘”trsu ዐ–Š‡ƒƒŽ›•‹•‘ˆ–Š‡†ƒ‹Ž› ‡™• ’ƒ’‡” Ž ‹˜‡”•‘ ƒ„‘—– –Š‡ Ž‡˜‡Ž• ‘ˆ ˆ”‡‡†‘ ‘ˆ ‡š’”‡••‹‘ ‹ …—ƒ†‘”á …‘ˆ‹”• –Š‡ ‹†‡ƒ ’”‡˜‹‘—•Ž› ’”‡•‡–‡† „› ƒ‹•„‘”† trsu  ‹ ƒ •–—†› –Šƒ– •Š‘™• Š‘™ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•á ò‹ ‘”†‡” –‘ ƒ˜‘‹† ’”‘„Ž‡•ó ‘” ò„‡‹‰ …ƒŽŽ‡† ’‡”•‘ƒŽŽ› „› –Š‡ ”‡•‹†‡– ‘ˆ –Š‡ …‘—–”›óá —•– ò•‡Žˆæ…‡•‘” ‡‰ƒæ –‹˜‡‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘’—„Ž‹•Š‡†ƒ„‘—––Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡–óä ‘”–Š‹•”‡ƒ•‘áƒ•ƒ†‘ƒ†ƒ†‡‘trsuãtxx ’‘‹–‘—–á‹– …ƒ„‡—æ †‡”•–‘‘†–Šƒ–ò–Š‡’‡”ˆ‘”ƒ…‡‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒ‹–Š‡•‡…‘–‡š–•‹•ˆƒ…‹‰‡™ ‹†‹”‡…–…‘•–”ƒ‹–•«‘ˆˆ‹…‹ƒŽƒ†˜‡”–‹•‹‰á†‹•…”‡–‹‘ƒ”›ƒŽŽ‘…ƒ–‹‘‘ˆŽ‹…‡•‡•á ƒ”„‹–”ƒ”› ƒ†‹‹•–”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ •ƒ…–‹‘•á †‡‹ƒŽ ‘ˆ ƒ……‡•• –‘ ’—„Ž‹…‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘á Žƒ…‘ˆƒ……‡••–‘’—„Ž‹…•‡”˜‡”•ƒ••‘—”…‡•‘ˆ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘áƒ†‰‘ ‘á•—„–Ž‡” –Šƒ –Š‡ †‹…–ƒ–‘”‹ƒŽ …‡•‘”•Š‹’ „—– ‘ Ž‡•• ‡ˆˆ‹…‹‡–óä

 7KHGHFLVLYHIDFWRUVRQWKHSURIHVVLRQDODXWRQRP\RIMRXUQD OLVWV

‘—”ƒŽ‹• ‹• ƒ…Š‘”‡† –‘ –Š‡ •–”—…–—”ƒŽ „ƒ•‡• ™Š‹…Š ˆ‘” –Š‡ •‘…‹‡–› ‘ˆ ƒ …‘—–”›ä Š‹• ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’ ‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡• –Š‡ †‡‰”‡‡ ‘ˆ ˆ”‡‡†‘ ƒ† Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘ˆ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ƒ—–‘‘› –Šƒ– †‡ˆ‹‡ ƒ† ‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š –Š‡ ’”‹…‹’Ž‡• ‘ˆ –Š‡ Œ‘—”æ ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡ä  …—ƒ†‘”ვ ‹ ‘–Š‡” …‘—–”‹‡•á –Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡ ‹†‹…ƒ–‘”•‘ˆ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽƒ—–‘‘›ä‡‹…Šƒ†ƒ‹–œ•…Štrsu –ƒŽƒ„‘—–s –Š‡‘„Œ‡…–‹æ ˜‡Ž‹‹–• ‘ˆƒ—–‘‘›áƒ†t –Š‡’‡”…‡’–‹‘‘ˆ‹†‡’‡†‡…‡ ‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• „ƒ•‡†—’‘–Š‡…‘–‡š–—ƒŽ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡•ä

 7KHREMHFWLYHOHYHOVRISURIHVVLRQDODXWRQRP\RIMRXUQDOLVWV —–‘‘› ƒ– ƒ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ Ž‡˜‡Žá ƒ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ ŒÞ˜ƒƒ‰ trsu á ‹• ”‡Žƒ–‡† –‘



–Š‡ˆ”‡‡†‘‘ˆ ‡ƒ…Š‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ‘˜‡” –Š‡–ƒ–‡á …‘–”‘Ž‘ˆ ‘–Š‡”•á ƒ† ‹æ —‹–› ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ƒ”„‹–”ƒ”› ‡š‡”…‹•‡ ‘ˆ ƒ—–Š‘”‹–›ä ” ƒ• Žƒ••‡” ƒ† —–Š‡” trrwãuzw ™‘—Ž†ƒˆˆ‹”á‡˜‡”›–Š‹‰”‡Žƒ–‡†–‘–Š‡òƒ„•‡…‡‘ˆ …‘†‹–‹‘•óä ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ŒÞ˜ƒƒ‰trsu ዐ†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ ƒ—–‘‘›‹•ƒˆ‘”‘ˆ•‡Žˆæƒƒ‰‡æ ‡– ‘ˆ ˆ”‡‡†‘ ƒ† ‘”ƒŽ ‹†‡’‡†‡…‡ « ”‡‰ƒ”†‹‰ ‘–Š‡”• « –Šƒ– ‹• –Š‡ ’”‘†—…– ‘ˆ ”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‹–› –Šƒ– ƒŽŽ‘™• ƒ ’‡”•‘ –‘ Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ–‡ ˆ‘” Š‹•‡Žˆ ‘ –Š‡ ‘”ƒŽ Žƒ™• –Šƒ– „‹† —• ƒŽŽä Š‹• ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘ˆ ƒ—–‘‘› ‹• ‹†‹˜‹•‹„Ž› Ž‹‡† –‘ –Š‡ Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘ˆ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ ƒ—–‘‘› ƒ† –Š‡ •‘…‹‘’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ƒ† ‡…‘æ ‘‹……‘–‡š–‹™Š‹…Š–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹•ä ‡‰ƒ”†‹‰ –Š‡ ƒ—–‘‘› ƒ– ‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ Ž‡˜‡Žá òŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ‹• ’”ƒ…–‹…‡† ™‹æ –Š‹ Ž‹‹–• ‹’‘•‡† „› –Š‡ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘ ƒ† ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ƒ—–‘‘› ‹• ‡‰‘æ –‹ƒ–‡† ™‹–Š‹ –Š‡ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ …‘–‡š–ó ŒÞ˜ƒƒ‰á trsu ä ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ ‡‹…Š ƒ†ƒ‹–œ•…Štrsu á’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽƒ—–‘‘›‹•‘–‘‘Ž‹–Š‹…á„—–Šƒ• –™‘ ‹’‘”–ƒ– ƒ•’‡…–•ã –Š‡ ˆ‹”•– ‹• –Š‡ ‘‡ –Šƒ– •Š‘™• –Š‡ …ƒ’ƒ…‹–› –‘ ƒ…– –Šƒ– Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•Šƒ˜‡‹–Š‡‹”Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹…”‘—–‹‡•«–Š‡ƒ—–‘‘›ƒ‹ˆ‡•–•‹–•‡Žˆ ‹ Š‘™ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ƒ”‡ ˆ”‡‡ –‘ †‡…‹†‡ –Š‡‹” •–‘”‹‡•á ‡†‹–‹‰ ƒ† …‘˜‡”ƒ‰‡á ƒ• ™‡ŽŽ ƒ• –Š‡ …Š‘‹…‡ ‘ˆ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ •‘—”…‡•á –Š‡ ƒ‰Ž‡• ‘ˆ ƒƒŽ›•‹•ƒ† ’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡•á ƒ† –Š‡ •‡…‘† ”‡Žƒ–‡• –‘ ‹••—‡• †‹”‡…–Ž› ”‡Žƒ–‡† –‘ –Š‡ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ƒ† ‹’Ž‡‡–ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† †‡…‹•‹‘ •–”—…–—”‡• ™‹æ –Š‹ –Š‡ ‡†‹–‘”‹ƒŽ Š‹‡”ƒ”…Š› « –‘ ™Šƒ– ‡š–‡– Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• …ƒ –ƒ‡ ’ƒ”– ƒ† ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡ –Š‡ †‡…‹•‹‘• –Šƒ– ƒˆˆ‡…– –Š‡‹” ™‘” ƒ† ”‡’‘”–‹‰ ’”‘…‡••‡• ‘” ‡†‹–‹‘•ä‡…‡áˆ”‘–Š‡•‡ƒ—–Š‘”•á™‡…ƒ•’‡ƒ‘ˆ–Š”‡‡Ž‡˜‡Ž•™‹–Š‹–Š‡ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ ƒ—–‘‘›ã s  ƒ ˆ‹”•– •–”—…–—”ƒŽ Ž‡˜‡Ž ˆ‘”‡† „› ƒ Š‹‡”ƒ”…Š‹…ƒŽ •–”—…–—”‡á–Š‡’Š›•‹…ƒŽ•–”—…–—”‡‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒáƒ†–Š‡‘™‡”•Š‹’‘ˆ–Š‹•ât ƒ •‡…‘†‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘ƒŽŽ‡˜‡Ž„ƒ•‡†‘‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘ƒŽˆƒ…–‘”•á–Š‡’”‘…‡••‡•á–Š‡ ƒ„‹Ž‹–›‘ˆ–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•––‘‹–‡”ˆ‡”‡‘”‹–‡”˜‡‡‹–Š‡‹”’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽƒ…–‹˜‹–›á ƒ† –Š‡ ˆ‹ƒŽ ’”‘†—…–â ƒ† u  ƒ –Š‹”† ”‡Žƒ–‹‘ƒŽ Ž‡˜‡Ž ˆ‘…—•‡† ‘ –Š‡ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ …‘–‡š–á ™Š‡”‡ ƒ—–‘‘› ‹• †‡ˆ‹‡† ƒ• ò–Š‡ Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘ˆ ‹†‡’‡†‡…‡‘ˆ‘–Š‡”•‘…‹‘æ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ‹•–‹–—–‹‘•á’”‹ƒ”‹Ž›–Š‡–ƒ–‡ƒ†–Š‡ ƒ”‡–óY”‡„”‹‰átrsuãu{âŒÞ˜ƒƒ‰átrsuãswx ä ‹ƒŽŽ›á ƒ—–‘‘› ƒ– ƒ •›•–‡• Ž‡˜‡Ž  ‡˜‹”‘‡– « ‹• †‡–‡”‹‡† „› –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ•›•–‡«”‡•—Ž–‹‰ˆ”‘’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽá‡…‘‘‹…ƒ†Ž‡‰ƒŽ…‘†‹–‹‘•‹–Š‡ ƒ”‡ƒ ‘ˆ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ « ƒ† –Š‡ •‘…‹ƒŽ …‘–‡š– †‡ˆ‹‡† „› –Š‡ ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽƒ† ‡…‘‘‹… •›•–‡• ƒŽŽ‹ ƒ† ƒ…‹‹á trrvâ ƒ‹–œ•…Šá trr{ƒâ ŽŽ‡” ƒ† ‡‹‡”átrst⊃˜‡”‘ƒ†ŽŽ‡”átrsv 䊗•á–Š‡ˆƒ…–‘”•–Šƒ– †‡–‡”‹‡–Š‡ ‘—–…‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡™‘”‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•”ƒ‰‡ˆ”‘ò–Š‡ƒ…”‘Ž‡˜‡Žƒ†–Š‡•‘…‹ƒŽ



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 7KHLQIOXHQFHOHYHOVRISURIHVVLRQDODXWRQRP\RIMRXUQDOLVWV –”‹…–Ž› •’‡ƒ‹‰á ”‡ˆŽ‡…–‹˜‡ Œ—†‰‡– ‹• ƒ ƒ––”‹„—–‡ ‘ˆ ƒ—–‘‘›á „—– ƒ• ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ•á Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• –Š‹ ‘ˆ –Š‡•‡Ž˜‡• ƒ• ƒ—–‘‘‘—• ƒ…–‘”• ™‹–Š‹ ”—Ž‡• ‘ˆ …‘–‡š–á ”‘—–‹‡• ƒ† –”ƒ†‹–‹‘ ‹˜‘Ž˜‹‰ Šƒ„‹–• ƒ• ™‡ŽŽ ƒ• ‹–”‘•æ ’‡…–‹‘ …‡˜‹––á trru ä Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡á ‹˜‡•–‹‰ƒ–‹‘• —•– –ƒ‡ ‹–‘ ƒ……‘—– ò–Š‡†‹ƒŽ‡…–‹…ƒŽ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’„‡–™‡‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ƒ†–Š‡‹”‹•–‹–—–‹‘•ƒ•™‡ŽŽ ƒ• –Š‡ ‹†‡ƒ ‘ˆ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•– ƒ• ƒ …—Ž–—”ƒŽ „”‘‡”ó ‡ŽŽ‘”á trr{ã ur{ á ™‹–Š‘—– Ž‘•‹‰ •‹‰Š– ‘ˆ –Š‡ •–—†‹‡• –Šƒ– ‰‘ „‡›‘† –Š‡ ‹†‡ƒ ‘ˆ ‡†‹ƒ–‹‘ ƒœœ‘Ž‡‹ƒ†…Š—Žœás{{{ ä Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡á ƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š –Š‡ ‘„Œ‡…– ‘ˆ •–—†› ‹• Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ƒ– ƒ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘” ƒ• ƒ…–‘”•á ˆ—ŽŽ —†‡”•–ƒ†‹‰ ‘ˆ –Š‡‹” ƒ…–‹‘• ‹• †‡–‡”‹‡† „› ˆƒ…–‘”• ‘ˆ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡ –Šƒ– •—””‘—†• –Š‡ ‹ …‘–‡š– ŽŽ‡” ƒ† Šƒ˜‡”‘á trsw„ ä Š‡ ’‡”…‡’–‹‘–Šƒ–Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•Šƒ˜‡‘ˆƒ—–‘‘›†‡’‡†•‘–Š‡‹ˆŽ—‡…‡•–Šƒ– •–‡ ˆ”‘ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ”‘—–‹‡•á‘”‰ƒ‹•‹‰‡†‹ƒƒ† –Š‡…‘–‡š–‹™Š‹…Š –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•– ™‘”• Š‘‡ƒ‡” ƒ† ‡‡•‡á s{{s ä —–‘‘›á Ž‹‡ ‘–Š‡” •‘…‹ƒŽ ’Š‡‘‡ƒá ‹• ‡••‡–‹ƒŽŽ› ƒ •—„Œ‡…–‹˜‡ …‘•–”—…– –Šƒ– ‡š‹•–•ƒ‹Ž› ‹ ”‡Žƒ–‹˜‡ –‡”• ‡‹…Š ƒ† ƒ‹–œ•…Šá trsu ä ‘ –Š‡ ƒ–—”‡ ‘ˆ –Šƒ–†‘‡• ‘– ”‡•‹†‡ ‹†‡’‡†‡–Ž› ‹ –Š‡ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ ‘” ‹ –Š‡ ‹•‘Žƒ–‡† ’‡”…‡’–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‹•á „—– ”‡“—‹”‡• …‘–‡š–—ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ƒŽŽ ‹–‡”ƒŽ ƒ† ‡š–‡”ƒŽ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡• –Šƒ– ƒˆˆ‡…– Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ƒ† —Ž–‹ƒ–‡Ž› †‡–‡”‹‡–Š‡ ‹†‡ƒ ‘ˆ ƒ—–‘‘›–‘ƒ…‘…‡’–—ƒŽƒ†‡’‹”‹…ƒŽŽ‡˜‡Ž‡ŽŽƒ†‘ƒ†—ƒ‡•átrst ä Š‡ —Ž–‹Ž‡˜‡Ž ƒ–—”‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’‡”…‡‹˜‡† ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡• ”‡Žƒ–‹‰ –‘ ƒ—–‘‘› ”‡ˆŽ‡…–• ‡••‡–‹ƒŽŽ› ƒ ‡’‹•–‡‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ ƒ† •–”—…–—”ƒŽ †‹•–‹…–‹‘ä Š‡ ‡’‹•æ –‡‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ †‹•–‹…–‹‘ ‹• „ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡ †‹•–‹…–‹‘ „‡–™‡‡ –Š‡ ’‡”…‡’–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Šƒ– –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•– Šƒ• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡• ‘ Š‹• Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… ‹†‡’‡†‡…‡ ƒ† –Š‡ ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‡ Ž‹‹–• ‘ˆ –Š‹•ä Ž–Š‘—‰Š –Š‡ ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‡ Ž‹‹–• ‘ˆ ƒ—–‘‘› …ƒ „‡ ‡ƒ•—”‡† ™‹–Š‹ ƒ ò”‡ƒŽ ™‘”Ž†óá –Š‡ —Ž–‹ƒ–‡ ‡ƒ‹‰ ‘ˆ ƒ—–‘‘› Ž‹‡• ‹ –Š‡ ’‡”…‡’–‹‘ –Šƒ– –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•– Šƒ• ƒ• ƒ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ ‡‹…Š ƒ† ƒ‹–œ•…Šátrsu ä

 5HVXOWV ‡•—Ž–••Š‘™–Šƒ––Š”‡‡“—ƒ”–‡”•yvät¨ ‘ˆ–Š‡‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡†Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•…Žƒ‹• –‘ Šƒ˜‡ –‘–ƒŽ ˆ”‡‡†‘ ‹ –Š‡ ™‘” †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡† ‹ –Š‡‹” ‡†‹–‘”‹ƒŽã ò‡•á ‘ˆ …‘—”•‡ä —†”‡† ’‡”…‡–ó x âò‡•á –Š‡›ƒ”‡˜‡”› ‘’‡Š‡”‡ ‘–Š‡…Šƒ‡Ž ˆ‘”–Šƒ–‹†‘ˆ–Š‹‰á‹ˆ‘‡„‡Ž‹‡˜‡•–Šƒ–‘‡™‹ŽŽƒˆˆ‡…–ƒ’‡”•‘ ™‹–Š –Š‡ ‡™• ‘” Š‹•‡Žˆ ‘” ƒˆˆ‡…– –Š‡ …‘’ƒ› ™‡ –ƒ‡ ƒ ‰”‘—’†‡…‹•‹‘ä – ‹•



—…‘•…‹‘—•Ž›á†‡…‹•‹‘•ƒˆˆ‡…–‹‰–Š‡™‘”ótr 䎏‘•–sr¨‘ˆ”‡•’‘†‡–• ƒ”‰—‡•–Šƒ–†‡•’‹–‡‘–’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‹‰‹†‡…‹•‹‘æƒ‹‰†‹”‡…–Ž›á–Š‡‹”’‘‹–• ‘ˆ˜‹‡™ƒ”‡Ž‹•–‡‡†–‘ƒ† ‘”–ƒ‡‹–‘ƒ……‘—–{áy¨ ãò  …ƒ‘– –ƒ‡ ’ƒ”– ‹ –Š‡ †‡…‹•‹‘•á „—–  …ƒ ‰‹˜‡ › ’‘‹– ‘ˆ ˜‹‡™á  –Š‹›„‘••†‘‡•‰‹˜‡ ˜ƒŽ—‡–‘™Šƒ– –Š‹ó{ ä ‡•á—…Š

zuá{r¨

†‘‘–’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‡ †‹”‡…–Ž›‹–Š‡†‡…‹•‹‘æ ƒ‹‰á„—–›‘’‹‹‘ ‹•Ž‹•–‡‡†ƒ† ‘”‘‡ …‘•‹†‡”‡† {áyr¨

‡•á•‘‡–Š‹‰ xáwr¨

”ƒ’Š‹…t䃐›‘—–ƒ‡’ƒ”–‹–Š‡†‡…‹•‹‘•–Šƒ–ƒˆˆ‡…–›‘—”™‘”ë ‘—”…‡ã”‡’ƒ”‡†„›–Š‡ƒ—–Š‘”•ä

Š‡ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡† Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• …‘•‹†‡” –Šƒ– –Š‡ ‘•– •‹‰‹ˆ‹…ƒ– Ž‹‹–•‘ˆ–Š‡‹” ˆ”‡‡†‘ ‘ˆ ‡š’”‡••‹‘ ƒ”‡ „ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡ ‡™ ‡†‹ƒ Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹‘ä —•–‘˜‡”ƒ “—ƒ”–‡”tyäv¨ Š‹‰ŠŽ‹‰Š–•–Š‡‹ˆŽ—‡…‡‘ˆ–Š‡‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘• ƒ™‘ˆtrsuã òŠ‡ Žƒ™• –Šƒ– •–‘’ –Š‡ ƒ…–‹˜‹–› ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• tv â òäää  ™‘—Ž† •ƒ›‹• –Š‡ ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘•ƒ™ósu 䑏‡”‡•’‘†‡–•†‡ˆ‹‡†–Š‹•ƒ•ƒ ’—‹–‹˜‡Žƒ™á …ƒ’ƒ„Ž‡ ‘ˆ …ƒ—•‹‰ –Š‡ ‡ˆˆ‡…– ‘ˆ •‡Žˆæ…‡•‘”•Š‹’ƒ‘‰ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ãò –Š‹ –Šƒ– •‹…‡ –Š‡ Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹‘ –Šƒ– Šƒ• „‡‡ ‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡† Š‡”‡ ‹ –Š‡ …‘—–”›á–Š‡ ‡™‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘•ƒ™äääᄇ…ƒ—•‡™‡„‡Ž‹‡˜‡–Šƒ–‘™–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•‘ˆ –Š‹•‡†‹ƒ†‘Šƒ˜‡•‘‡ˆ‡ƒ”‘ˆ•ƒ…–‹‘•á”‡’”‹•ƒŽ•á–Š‡á™Šƒ–‰‡‡”ƒ–‡•äää ‹••‡Žˆæ…‡•‘”•Š‹’ó st âò‹‹–•‘ˆ”‡‡†‘‘ˆ‡š’”‡••‹‘á›‡•á–Š‡”‡‹••‡Žˆæ …‡•‘”•Š‹’ „‡…ƒ—•‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘• ƒ™á ™‡…ƒ”‡–‘‘—…Š–‘•’‡ƒ ‘—– ‘” ‰‡– •‘‡–Š‹‰ ’—„Ž‹•Š‡†ó sx â ò  –Š‹ –Š‡”‡ ‹• ƒ ‹† ‘ˆ …”‹‹ƒŽ‹•ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•á –Šƒ– ‹• –Š‡ ‘•– ‹’‘”–ƒ– Ž‹‹–ƒ–‹‘á –Šƒ– ‹• ™Š› –Š‡ ‹••—‡• ƒ”‡ Š‘––‡” –Šƒ –Š‡› •Š‘—Ž† „‡ä  –Š‹• ‘‡––Š‡”‡ ‹• ƒ …”ƒœ‡ˆ‘”Œ—†‰‡–•á‡˜‡”›„‘†›Ž‹‡•–‘ƒ‡Œ—†‰‡–•ósz ä



No.

6LJQL¿FDQW limits on their freedom of expression

Frequency Percentage

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Limits established by the law Professional ethics, respect for people and their rights Interests or pressures of the medium or company There are no limits in my medium The boundaries that each of the journalists mark Access to information Interests or pressures from the state, the government or the public administration

8,5 5,5 5 4 3 3

27,4 17,7 16,1 12,9 9,7 9,7

2

6,5

n/a

0

0,0

8

ƒ„Ž‡s䊃–†‘›‘—–Š‹–Š‡‘•–•‹‰‹ˆ‹…ƒ– Ž‹‹–• –‘ ›‘—” ˆ”‡‡†‘ ‘ˆ ‡š’”‡••‹‘ ƒ• ƒ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•– ƒ”‡ë ‘—”…‡ã”‡’ƒ”‡†„›–Š‡ƒ—–Š‘”•ä

Š‡syäy¨‘ˆ”‡•’‘†‡–•–Š‹–Šƒ–’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‡–Š‹…•á”‡•’‡…–ˆ‘” ’‡‘’Ž‡á ƒ† –Š‡‹” ”‹‰Š–• ƒ”‡ –Š‡ ƒ‹ Ž‹‹–‘”• –‘ ˆ”‡‡†‘ ‘ˆ ‡š’”‡••‹‘ã òŠ‡ ‘•– •‹‰‹ˆ‹…ƒ– Ž‹‹–• –‘ › ˆ”‡‡†‘ë Š‡ ”‹‰Š–• ‘ˆ ƒ‘–Š‡” ’‡”•‘ó v â òŠ‡ ˜ƒŽ—‡•á –Š‡•‡ ˜ƒŽ—‡• ƒ”‡ ˆ—†ƒ‡–ƒŽá –Šƒ– ‹• ƒ ‹’‘”–ƒ– …”‹–‡”‹‘â ›‡•á ‹– ‹• Š‘™ ™‡ ‘’‡”ƒ–‡ Š‡”‡á –Š‡ ™‡ •‡‡ Š‘™ •—…Š ƒ –Š‹‰ …ƒ ƒˆˆ‡…– •‘‡‘‡á Š‘™‹– ™‘—Ž†ƒˆˆ‡…––Š‡ ˜ƒŽ—‡ ‘ˆˆ”‡‡†‘á –Š‡ ”‡•’‡…–ó tw ä ‘–Š‡” ˆƒ…–‘” …‘•‹†‡”‡† „› ”‡•’‘†‡–• ƒ• ˜‡”›‹’‘”–ƒ–”‡‰ƒ”†‹‰–Š‡ Ž‹‹–ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡‹”ˆ”‡‡†‘‘ˆ‡š’”‡••‹‘‹•™‹–Š‹–Š‡Ž‡˜‡Ž‘ˆ‹•–‹–—–‹‘ « ƒ• ™ƒ•…‘ˆ‹”‡†‹–Š‡ˆ‹”•–“—‡•–‹‘«á•‹…‡sxäs¨•ƒ›–Šƒ––Š‡•‡Ž‹‹–•…‘‡ ˆ”‘‹–‡”‡•–•‘”’”‡••—”‡•ˆ”‘–Š‡‡†‹—‘”–Š‡…‘’ƒ›ãò  –Š‹ –Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡ ‘ Ž‹‹–• ˆ‘” –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–á ƒ• Ž‘‰ ƒ• ‘‡ ‹• ‰—‹†‡† „›–Š‡ ‡†‹–‘”‹ƒŽ Ž‹‡ósv â ò –Š‹–Š‡‡†‹–‘”‹ƒŽŽ‹‡‹–•‡Žˆ‹•”‡ƒŽŽ›ƒŽ‹‹–ƒ–‹‘–‘ˆ”‡‡†‘‘ˆ ‡š’”‡••‹‘‹ƒ›‡†‹ƒƒ†–Šƒ–ᔇƒŽŽ›á„‡…ƒ—•‡ƒ›„‡–Š‡‡†‹–‘”‹ƒŽŽ‹‡‹• „ƒ•‡†‘–Š‡‹–‡”‡•–•‘ˆ–Š‡ ‡†‹ƒóus ä ‘”‡‘˜‡”჎‘•–ƒ“—ƒ”–‡”‘ˆ”‡•’‘†‡–•ttäx¨ „‡Ž‹‡˜‡–Šƒ––Š‡”‡ƒ”‡ ‘ Ž‹‹–• –‘ ˆ”‡‡†‘ ‘ˆ ‡š’”‡••‹‘ ‹ –Š‡‹” ‡†‹ƒ ‘” –Šƒ– –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•– ‹• –Š‡ ‘‡ ™Š‘ •‡–• Š‹• ‘™ Ž‹‹–•ã ò  „‡Ž‹‡˜‡ –Šƒ– ™‹–Š‹ › ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ‹†‡‘Ž‘‰›á ™‘—Ž† Šƒ˜‡ ‘ Ž‹‹–•á „‡…ƒ—•‡ ™Šƒ–  ™ƒ– ‹• –Šƒ– –Š‡ ‰‘˜‡”‡–ï• ™‘” ‹••‡‡áƒ†‹ˆ ’”‡•‡–ƒ›”‡’‘”–™‹–Š–Šƒ–’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡á ™‹ŽŽ„‡ ˆ—ŽŽ›‘’‡ –‘ †‘ •‘ó s{ â ò  –Š‹ –Š‡”‡ ‹• ‘ Ž‹‹–ƒ–‹‘á –Š‡ Ž‹‹–ƒ–‹‘ ‹• ƒ†‡„› ‘‡•‡Žˆ äääó tr â ò  –Š‹ ‹– Šƒ• –‘ †‘ ™‹–Š …‡•‘”•Š‹’á •‘‡–‹‡• ‘‡…‘•–”ƒ‹• Š‹•‡Žˆó tu ä ‹ƒŽŽ›á sxät¨ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ”‡Žƒ–‡• –Š‡‹” ˆ”‡‡†‘ ‘ˆ ‡š’”‡••‹‘ –‘ –Š‡ ‹æ



–‡”‡•–• ƒ† ƒ…–‹‘• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡–á –Š‡ –ƒ–‡ ‘” ’—„Ž‹… ƒ†‹‹•–”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† Žƒ… ‘ˆ ƒ……‡•• –‘ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ã òŠ‡ Ž‹‹–• –Šƒ–  Šƒ˜‡ ƒ• ƒ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–á ‹…Ž—†‹‰ ˆ”‡‡†‘ ‘ˆ ‡š’”‡••‹‘á  –Š‹ ‹– ‹• ‘”‡ ƒ„‘—– –Š‡ ƒ……‡•• –‘ ‹æ ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ äää „‡…ƒ—•‡ •‘‡–‹‡• ‘‡ ™ƒ–• –‘ ‡‡– –Š‡ ƒ† ˆ‘”—Žƒ–‡• ƒ† ƒ‡• –Š‡ ‘”†‡”•á „—– ™‡ ‡˜‡” Šƒ˜‡ –Š‡ ƒ•™‡”â •‘‡–‹‡• ›‘— †‘ ‘– Šƒ˜‡ ‹– äääó ty â òƒ˜‹‰ ƒ †‡‰”‡‡ ‘ˆ †‹”‡…– ‘” ‹†‹”‡…– †‡’‡†‡…› ‘ˆ –Š‘•‡ ™Š‘ ƒ‡ –Š‡ ’—„Ž‹… ƒ†‹‹•–”ƒ–‹‘á „‡…ƒ—•‡ ™‡ ”‡…‡‹˜‡ •–ƒ–‡ ”‡æ •‘—”…‡• ƒ† –Šƒ– …ƒ „‡ ‹•‹–‡”’”‡–‡† „› …‡”–ƒ‹ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘• ‘” –Š‘•‡ ‹ …‡”–ƒ‹ ’‘•‹–‹‘• ‹ ’—„Ž‹… ‹•–‹–—–‹‘•á –‘ „‡Ž‹‡˜‡ –Šƒ– ™‡ ƒ”‡ —†‡”Ž‹‰• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘” ™‡ ™”‹–‡ ™Šƒ– •‡‡• ”‹‰Š– –‘ –Š‡ó y â ò  †‘ ‘– ‘™ ™Š‡–Š‡” –‘ …ƒŽŽ ‹– ’‡”•‡…—–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ —’‡”‹–‡†‡…› •‹…‡  –Š‹ –Š‡› ƒ”‡ ƒ „‹– ƒ—–Š‘”‹–ƒ”‹ƒó tz ä Š‡„‘—†ƒ”‹‡•ƒ”‡†„›‡ƒ…Š Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–

{áyr¨ {áyr¨ stá{r¨

”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‡–Š‹…•á”‡•’‡…––‘–Š‡ ’‡‘’Ž‡ƒ†–Š‡‹””‹‰Š–•

syáyr¨

–‡”‡•–•‘”’”‡••—”‡•‘ˆ–Š‡–ƒ–‡á ‰‘˜‡”‡–‘”’—„Ž‹…ƒ†‹‹•–”ƒ–‹‘ –‡”‡•–•‘”’”‡••—”‡•‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹— ‘”…‘’ƒ›

xáwr¨ tyávr¨

Š‡Ž‹‹–•’”‡•…”‹„‡†„›Žƒ™ Š‡”‡ƒ”‡‘Ž‹‹–•‹›‡†‹—

sxásr¨

……‡••–‘‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘

”ƒ’Š‹…u䊃–†‘›‘—–Š‹–Š‡‘•– •‹‰‹ˆ‹…ƒ– Ž‹‹–•–‘›‘—”ˆ”‡‡†‘‘ˆ‡š’”‡••‹‘ƒ•ƒŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•– ƒ”‡ë ‘—”…‡ã”‡’ƒ”‡†„›–Š‡ƒ—–Š‘”•ä

&RQFOXVLRQV ‡ ˆ‡ƒ–—”‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ ‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘”á ƒ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ –Š‡ ”‡•—Ž–•á ‹• –Š‡ ’‡”…‡’–‹‘ ‘ˆ ƒ Š‹‰Š Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘ˆ ƒ—–‘‘› „› Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•á –Š”‘—‰Š ™Š‹…Š –Š‡› ‡š‡”…‹•‡ –Š‡‹” ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ƒ…–‹˜‹–› ™‹–Š ƒ Ž‘– ‘” –‘–ƒŽ ˆ”‡‡†‘ä ‘ –Š‹• ƒ•’‡…–…‘–”‹„—–‡•–Š‡ˆ‡‡Ž‹‰–Šƒ––Š‡›’ƒ”–‹–Š‡†‡…‹•‹‘• –Šƒ–ƒˆˆ‡…––Š‡‹” ™‘”á ‘” ƒ– Ž‡ƒ•– –Š‡› ƒ”‡ Ž‹•–‡‡† –‘ „› –Š‡‹” •—’‡”‹‘”•ä Š‡•‡”‡•—Ž–•ƒ–…Š™‹–Š–Š‡‘‡•‘„–ƒ‹‡†„›‡ŽŽƒ†‘ƒ†—ƒ‡•trst  ƒ† ‘˜•‰ƒƒ”† trsu  ‹ –Š‡‹” •–—†‹‡• ƒ„‘—– –Š‡ ’‡”…‡’–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‡•æ •‹‘ƒŽ ƒ—–‘‘› ‘ˆ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ˆ”‘ Š‹Ž‡ sryƒ† ‡ƒ”ä ‘™‡˜‡”á ‹– …‘–”ƒ†‹…–• –Š‡ –”‡† ‘ˆ ‘–Š‡” ‹–‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ •–—†‹‡• …‘†—…–‡† ‹ ’ƒ‹ „›

ƒ”…Àƒ †‡ ‘”–žœƒ” ƒ† ƒ”…Àƒ †‡ ‡× trrr á ƒ† ‹ –Š‡  „› ‡ƒ˜‡”



ƒ† …‘ŽŽä trry á ™Š‡”‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• …Žƒ‹ –‘ Šƒ˜‡ ‘†‡”ƒ–‡ Ž‡˜‡Ž• ‘ˆ ƒ—–‘æ ‘›â ƒ† –Š‡ ‘‡ „› ‡‹…Š ƒ† ƒ‹–œ•…Š trsu á ™Š‹…Š •–ƒ–‡• –Šƒ– Œ‘—”æ ƒŽ‹•–• ‹ …‘—–”‹‡• ™‹–Š òˆ—ŽŽ †‡‘…”ƒ…‹‡•ó ’‡”…‡‹˜‡ ƒ ‰”‡ƒ–‡” †‡‰”‡‡ ‘ˆ ƒ—–‘‘› –Šƒ –Š‘•‡ ™‘”‹‰ ‹ …‘—–”‹‡• ™‹–Š òŠ›„”‹†ó ”‡‰‹‡•ä Š‡•‡ …‘–”ƒ†‹…–‘”› ”‡•—Ž–• …ŠƒŽŽ‡‰‡ –Š‡ ‹†‡ƒ ‘ˆ ƒ—–‘‘› ƒ•ƒ‰Ž‘„ƒŽƒ† •–ƒ†ƒ”†‹•‡†…‘…‡’–™‹–Š‹Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•â•Š‘™‹‰ƒ†›ƒ‹…ኇ–‡”‘‰‡‡‘—• ƒ† Š›„”‹† ‹†‡ƒ ƒ†ƒ’–‡† –‘ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– …‘–‡š–• ƒ† Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡•ä Ž–Š‘—‰Š –Š‡‘”‡–‹…ƒŽŽ› ƒ—–‘‘› …ƒ „‡ •‡‡ ƒ• ƒ ‹–‡‰”ƒŽ ’ƒ”–‘ˆ–Š‡ ”‡‰—Žƒ–‘”›‘†‡Ž‘ˆ‡•–‡”Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ŒÞ˜ƒƒ‰átrsu ᙊ‹…Š‰”‡™ˆ”‘–Š‡ ”‡Žƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘’‘Ž› ‘ˆ –Š‡  ƒ”‡– ‹ –Š‡ Žƒ–‡ s{–Š …‡–—”› ƒ†•’”‡ƒ† –‘ –Š‡ ”‡•– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ™‘”Ž† ‡”‘‡á trsu ä  ’”ƒ…–‹…ƒŽ –‡”•á ƒ• ‡š’‘•‡† „› –Š‡ ”‡•—Ž–• ‘ˆ –Š‹• •–—†› ƒ† •Š‘™‡† „› ›ˆ‡ trr{ á ‹– ‹• •‘‡–Š‹‰ –Šƒ– ‹• ‡‰‘–‹ƒ–‡†ƒ––Š‡Ž‘…ƒŽŽ‡˜‡Ž–Š”‘—‰Š‹–‡”ƒ…–‹‘„‡–™‡‡‘™‡”•á‡†‹–‘”•ƒ† Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ä Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡á–Š‡‹†‡ƒ‘ˆƒŠ‡–‡”‘‰‡‡‘—•‰Ž‘„ƒŽŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡–ƒ‡•Š‘Ž†á ™Š‡”‡ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ ‹• ’”‡•‡–‡† ƒ• †‹˜‡”•‡ ƒ† ™‹–Š ‹–• ‘™ ‹†‹‘•›…”ƒ•› ƒ† ‹–• …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹…• –Šƒ– †‹ˆˆ‡” ˆ”‘ ‡•–‡” Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… •–ƒ†ƒ”†•ä†á –Š—•á–Š‡›†‡ˆ‹‡–Š‡‹†‡ƒƒ†–Š‡’‡”…‡’–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡Ž‡˜‡Ž‘ˆƒ—–‘‘› ‘ˆ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•™Š‘™‘”‹–Š‡”‡äŠ‹•™ƒ••Š‘™‹–Š‡Žƒ•–†‡…ƒ†‡•‘ˆ–Š‡tr–Š …‡–—”›„›—×–‘Ž‘s{zy á…‘…Ž—†‹‰–Šƒ––Š‡†‹ˆˆ‡”‡…‡•ˆ‘—†‹–Š‡•–—†› ‹–Š”‡‡ƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒ…‘—–”‹‡•«”ƒœ‹Žá‘Ž‘„‹ƒƒ†‘•–ƒ‹…ƒ«…Ž‡ƒ”Ž› ‹†‹…ƒ–‡† –Šƒ– …ƒ”‡‡” ‰—‹†ƒ…‡ « ™Š‡”‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘搃Ž ƒ—–‘‘› ‹• ‘‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ˆ‘—” †‹‡•‹‘• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒƒŽ›•‹• « ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•‹ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ ˜ƒ”‹‡• ™‹†‡Ž› ˆ”‘ …‘—–”› –‘ …‘—–”›ä –Š‹••–—†›–Š‡†‹ˆˆ‡”‡…‡„‡–™‡‡Š‘™Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•’‡”…‡‹˜‡–Š‡‹” ƒ—–‘æ ‘›ƒ†–Š‡‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‡Ž‡˜‡Ž•‘ˆ‹–‹••‡‡äŽ–Š‘—‰Š–Š‡›‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡†ƒ••‘æ …‹ƒ–‡•áƒŽ‘‰–Š‡•ƒ‡Ž‹‡•™‹–Š–Š‡”‡•—Ž–•‘„–ƒ‹‡†„›Y”‡„”‹‰trsu á –Š‡ …‘…‡’– ‘ˆ ƒ—–‘‘› –‘ –Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ Ž‡‰‹–‹ƒ…› ƒ† ƒ—–Š‘”‹–›á –Š‡› ƒ……‡’– –Šƒ– –Š‡‹” ™‘” ‹• †‹”‡…–Ž› ”‡Žƒ–‡† –‘ ‹’Ž‡‡–ƒ–‹‘ •–”—…–—”‡•á ‘”æ ‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ’‘•‹–‹‘‹‰ ‡†‹–‘”‹ƒŽ Ž‹‡  ‘ˆ ‡†‹ƒá ƒ† •‘…‹‘’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ƒ† ‡…‘‘‹……‘ˆ‹‰—”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡ …‘—–”›ä ‡•’‹–‡ –Š‡ Š‹‰Š Ž‡˜‡Ž• ‘ˆ ƒ—–‘‘› ’‡”…‡‹˜‡† „› ”‡•’‘†‡–•á ™Š‡ –Š‡› ™‡”‡ •’‡…‹ˆ‹…ƒŽŽ› ƒ•‡† ƒ„‘—– –Š‡ ‡š‹•–‡…‡ ‘ˆ …‡”–ƒ‹‹ˆŽ—‡…‡• –Šƒ–‹‘‡ ™ƒ› ‘” ƒ‘–Š‡” ”‡•–”‹…– –Š‡‹”ˆ”‡‡†‘‘ˆ‡š’”‡••‹‘ƒ• ƒ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–ázy¨ ‘ˆ ”‡•’‘†‡–• ƒ•™‡”‡† ’‘•‹–‹˜‡Ž›ä ‘‰ –Š‡ ƒ‹ Ž‹‹–ƒ–‹‘• ‡æ



…‘—–‡”‡† –Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡ã s  –Š‘•‡ ‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡† „› Žƒ™ ƒ† …—””‡– Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹‘ ‹ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘â t  –Š‘•‡ •–‹’—Žƒ–‡† „› ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ‡–Š‹…•á ”‡•’‡…– ˆ‘” ’‡‘æ ’Ž‡ƒ†–Š‡‹””‹‰Š–•âƒ†u –Š‘•‡‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡†„›–Š‡’”‡••—”‡•ƒ†‹–‡”‡•–• ‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒä ‹”•–Ž›á‘”‡–Šƒƒ–Š‹”†‘ˆ”‡•’‘†‡–•uuä{¨ ’”‡•‡–ƒ•–Š‡ƒ‹Ž‹‹–ƒæ –‹‘ –Š‡ …—””‡– Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹‘á •’‡…‹ˆ‹…ƒŽŽ› –Š‡ ”‰ƒ‹… ƒ™ ‘ˆ ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘  á ƒ† –Š‡ ‹–‡”‡•–• ‘” ’”‡••—”‡• ˆ”‘ –Š‡ –ƒ–‡á ‘˜‡”‡– ‘” ’—„Ž‹… ƒ†‹‹•–”ƒ–‹‘ä Š‡ ˆ‡ƒ” ‘ˆ „‡‹‰ ’—‹•Š‡† „› ”‡‰—Žƒ–‘”• „ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡  …ƒ—•‡•á ‘ –Š‡ ‘‡ Šƒ†á •‡Žˆæ…‡•‘”•Š‹’ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•srzƒ†á ‘ –Š‡ ‘–Š‡” Šƒ†á –Š‡ ”‡†—…–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡’Šƒ•‹•‘ ”‡•‡ƒ”…Šƒ†ƒƒŽ›•‹•á‡š’‘•‹‰–Š‡ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ –Šƒ– …‘—Ž† „‡ †‡ˆ‹‡† ƒ• ò–‡’‹†ó –‹„‹ƒ sr{ä Š‹•”‡•—Ž–•Š‘™•‹ˆŽ—‡…‡•ˆ”‘–Š‡ò•›•–‡•Ž‡˜‡Žóƒ•†‡–‡”‹‡†„›ŽŽ‡” ƒ†‡‹‡” trst ƒ†ˆ”‘ ò”‡Žƒ–‹‘ƒŽ Ž‡˜‡Žó‡š’‘•‡†„› Y”‡„”‹‰trsu á ŒÞ˜ƒƒ‰ trsu  ƒ† ‡‹…Š ƒ† ƒ‹–œ•…Š trsu ä Š‹• ‹–‡”˜‡–‹‘‹•– ”‘Ž‡ ’Žƒ›‡† „› –Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡– ‹ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ƒ•ƒ ”‡‰—Žƒ–‘”ƒ†ˆ‹ƒ…‹‡” ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒá ’Žƒ…‡• …—ƒ†‘” ƒ‘‰ –Š‡ …‘—–”‹‡• –Šƒ–á ƒ• ‡‹…Š ƒ†ƒ‹–œ•…Š trsu †‡–‡”‹‡áŠƒ˜‡ƒ‡†‹ƒ•›•–‡—†‡”•–”‹…–”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘ƒ†‹™Š‹…Š Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• Šƒ˜‡ Ž‹‹–‡† ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ƒ—–‘‘›ä •’‡…– Œ‘‹‡† –‘ –Š‡ ’‘•‹–‹‘‹‰–Šƒ–‡†‹ƒŠƒ˜‡–”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽŽ›ƒ‹–ƒ‹‡†ƒ†‹–•’ƒ”ƒŽŽ‡Ž‹•™‹–Š –Š‡ ’‘Ž‹–‹…‹ƒ• ƒ† –Š‡ –ƒ–‡ä Š‹• –”‘—„Ž‡† ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’„‡–™‡‡ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ƒ† –Š‡ –ƒ–‡ ™ƒ• ƒŽ”‡ƒ†› •Š‘™ ‹ ƒ •–—†› „› ‹Ž‡s{{zãvvs ‹™Š‹…Š –Š‡‘’–‹‘‘ˆò•—’’‘”–‹‰–Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡–‹†‡˜‡Ž‘’‹‰‹–• ’”‘‰”ƒ•óŠƒ†–Š‡ Ž‘™‡•– …‘•‡•—• ƒ‘‰ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡†ä ˆ–Š‡ ”‡•—Ž–• ‘„–ƒ‹‡† „› ‹Ž‡ ‹ –Š‡ ‹‡–‹‡• ‘ˆ –Š‡ Žƒ•– …‡–—”› ƒ”‡ …‘’ƒ”‡† ™‹–Š –Š‘•‡ ‹ –Š‹• •–—†› « ‹ ™Š‹…Š –Š‡ •–”‘‰ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡™ Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹‘ ƒ† –Š‡

‘˜‡”‡– ‹ –Š‡ ’‡”…‡’–‹‘ ‘ˆ ˆ”‡‡†‘ ‘ˆ ‡š’”‡••‹‘‹• •Š‘™ „› –Š‡ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡†Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•«™‡…ƒ†‡‘•–”ƒ–‡–Š‡–”‡†–‘™ƒ”†•ƒŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ –Šƒ– †‹ˆˆ‡”• ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ‡‘Ž‹„‡”ƒŽ …‘…‡’– –Šƒ–’”‡˜ƒ‹Ž‡† ‹ –Š‡ Žƒ–‡ tr–Š…‡–—”›ƒ†‡ƒ”Ž›ts•–…‡–—”›ƒ†–Šƒ–‹•„ƒ•‡†‘ ƒ •‘…‹‘†‡‘…”ƒ–‹… ‘†‡Ž ‹ ™Š‹…Š Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ‰‹˜‡ ’”‹‘”‹–› –‘ –Š‡‹” ”‘Ž‡ƒ• …‹˜‹Ž •‡”˜ƒ–• ƒ† –Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡– …‘–”‘Ž ƒ† ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡ ‹• ‰”‡ƒ–‡”ä ‡…‘†Ž›á–Š‡‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡†Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•‡•–‹ƒ–‡†ƒ•ƒŒ‘”…‘•–”ƒ‹–•‘–Š‡‹” ˆ”‡‡†‘‘ˆ‡š’”‡••‹‘–Š‡•‡Žˆæ‹’‘•‡†„ƒ””‹‡”•„›‡–Š‹…ƒŽ•–ƒ†ƒ”†•á˜ƒŽ—‡•á ƒ† …”‹–‡”‹ƒ •‡– ‘—– ‹ –Š‡ …‘†‡• ‘ˆ ‡–Š‹…• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒä Š‡ ”‡•—Ž–•ƒ„‘˜‡ …‘ˆ‹”–Š‡ˆ‹†‹‰•‘ˆ‡‡•‡s{{{ ᙊ‘•–ƒ–‡•–Šƒ––Š‡™‘” ‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ‹‡™•”‘‘•™ƒ•„ƒ•‡†‘ƒ†Š‡”‡…‡–‘ƒ…‘†‡‘ˆ…‘†—…–ა†„›‡”‘™‹–œ



ƒ†‹‘”trru ™Š‘Šƒ”‰—‡–Šƒ–‡–Š‹…ƒŽ „‡Šƒ˜‹‘—”•á†‡•’‹–‡„‡‹‰•–”‘‰Ž› †‡–‡”‹‡† „› –Š‡ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– Ž‡˜‡Ž• ‘ˆ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡ «ƒ…–‘” Ž‡˜‡Žá ‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ Ž‡˜‡Žƒ†•›•–‡•Ž‡˜‡Žáƒ…–ƒ•†‡–‡”‹ƒ–•‘ˆƒ—–‘‘›ƒ•–”ƒ•‹––‡†‹–Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹…—‹˜‡”•‹–›–”ƒ‹‹‰äŠ‡•‡‡†—…ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ•–ƒ†ƒ”†••–”—…–—”‡†‹†‡ƒŽ• ƒ† ‹†‡‘Ž‘‰‹‡• ƒ”‘—† ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ „‡Šƒ˜‹‘—”• ƒ† Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… ‹†‡’‡†‡…‡ƒ—–‘‘›«ä‡…‡á–Š‡—‹˜‡”•‹–›–”ƒ‹‹‰‘ˆ–Š‡‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡† Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•«ƒŽ‘•––Š‡ ‡–‹”‡•ƒ’Ž‡ Šƒ• •–—†‹‡† ‘…‹ƒŽ ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ « ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡• –Š‡‹” ’‡”…‡’–‹‘ ‘ˆƒ—–‘‘› ƒ† Ž‡ƒ†• –Š‡ –‘ ”‡ƒŽ‹•‡ –Š‡‹” ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ’”ƒ…–‹…‡• ‹ ƒ …‡”–ƒ‹ ™ƒ›á …‘ˆ‹”‹‰ –Š‡ ƒ„‘˜‡ „› ”ÚŠŽ‹…Š ƒ† ‘Ž–œæƒ…Šƒ trru ä †á –Š‹”†Ž›á ”‡•’‘†‡–• ”‡ˆ‡””‡† –‘ –Š‡ ’”‡••—”‡• ƒ† ‹–‡”‡•–• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒäŠ‡•‡Ž‹‹–•–‘–Š‡ˆ”‡‡†‘‘ˆ‡š’”‡••‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡† Œ‘—”æ ƒŽ‹•–•™‘—Ž†„‡†‡ˆ‹‡†„ƒ•‡†‘–Š‡‹ˆŽ—‡…‡•ˆ”‘‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒ†ƒ…–‘” Ž‡˜‡Ž•ŽŽ‡”ƒ†‡‹‡”átrst ዐ’ƒ”–‹…—Žƒ”–Š‡•–”—…–—”‡ƒ†‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒ–Šƒ–†‡–‡”‹‡‹–‡”‡•–•á•‹ŽŽ•áƒ†™‘”‹‰‡–Š‘†•‹ –Š‡ ‡™•”‘‘äŠ‹•”‡•—Ž–™‘—Ž†…‘””‘„‘”ƒ–‡áƒ–Ž‡ƒ•–’ƒ”–‹ƒŽŽ›á–Š‡ƒ”‰—‡–• •Š‘™ „› ƒ—–Š‘”• •—…Š ƒ•…Š‡•‡›trru á—˜ƒŽ trrw ƒ†‡ƒ˜‡” ƒ†…‘ŽŽätrry ‘–Š‡‹ˆŽ—‡…‡‘ˆ‡†‹ƒ…‘…‡–”ƒ–‹‘á‘™‡”•Š‹’ ƒ† ƒ”‡–‹‰‡™•áƒ•™‡ŽŽƒ•–Š‡„—•‹‡••‡š’‡…–ƒ–‹‘•‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒ‹’”‘æ ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽƒ—–‘‘›ä Š‡”‡•—Ž–•†‡‘•–”ƒ–‡–Š‡‡†‹ƒ”‡ƒŽ‹–›–Šƒ–‡š‹•–•–‘†ƒ›‹…—ƒ†‘”™Š‡”‡ {r¨‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒƒ”‡’”‹˜ƒ–‡Ž›‘™‡†«ƒ†–Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡™‹–Šƒ‰”‡ƒ–‡”ƒ”‡– ‘”‹‡–ƒ–‹‘‹•‡ƒ”…Š‘ˆ‡…‘‘‹…„‡‡ˆ‹–•ƒ†„‡––‡”’‘•‹–‹‘‹‰«ƒ†–Šƒ– •‹…‡–Š‡…‘‹‰–‘’‘™‡”‘ˆ”‡•‹†‡–ƒˆƒ‡Ž‘””‡ƒtrryætrsy –Š‡› Šƒ˜‡ „‡‡ ˆ‘”‰‹‰ ’—„Ž‹… ’‘Ž‹…‹‡• ‹ ˆƒ˜‘—” ‘ˆ ƒ ”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ‹ –Š‡ …‘—–”› ƒ† ƒ ”‡•–”—…–—”‹‰ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ •›•–‡ ‹ ˆƒ˜‘—” ‘ˆ–Š‡ò…‘‘ ‰‘‘†óä Š‡ ‡ˆˆ‡…– ‘ˆ –Š‡•‡ ‰‘˜‡”‡–ƒŽ •–”ƒ–‡‰‹‡• ‹• Ž‡ƒ†‹‰Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• –‘ ’‡”…‡‹˜‡ –Š‹• ’”‘’‘•‡† ‡š–‡”ƒŽ ”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘ –‘ –Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒ• ‘‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒ‹ …‘•–”ƒ‹–• –‘ –Š‡‹” ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ƒ—–‘‘›ä Š—•á†‡•’‹–‡–Š‡Š‡–‡”‘‰‡‡‹–›‘ˆ–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡‘ˆƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒá –Š‡”‡ƒ”‡…‘‘ƒŽ‹–‹‡•„‡–™‡‡–Š‡‹”…‘—–”‹‡•ä –Š‡…ƒ•‡‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘”á Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ƒ‹–ƒ‹ƒ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ†‹•–ƒ…‡ˆ”‘–Š‡”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’„‡–™‡‡ s –Š‡•–”‘‰…‘–”‘Ž‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒ•›•–‡áƒ•—×–‘Ž‘s{zy ƒˆˆ‹”‡†ât –Š‡ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ …‘…‡–”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ‘™‡”•Š‹’á ƒˆˆ‹”‡† „› ‡ƒ˜‡” ƒ† …‘ŽŽä trry â ƒ† u  –Š‡ ’‡”…‡’–‹‘ ‘ˆ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ ‹†‡’‡†‡…‡ ƒ† ƒ—–‘‘›‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ä



‹ƒŽŽ›á•‘‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•’‡”…‡‹˜‡ƒŠ‹‰ŠŽ‡˜‡Ž‘ˆ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽƒ—–‘‘›ƒ†á –Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡á ƒ”‡ •ƒ–‹•ˆ‹‡† ™‹–Š –Š‡‹” •‹–—ƒ–‹‘ä ‘™‡˜‡”á ‘•– ”‡…‘‰‹•‡ ’”‡••—”‡• ƒ† ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡• ˆ”‘ –Š‡ …‘–‡š– –Šƒ– Ž‹‹– ‘” †‡–‡”‹‡ –Š‡‹” ˆ”‡‡†‘ ‘ˆ ‡š’”‡••‹‘ä Š‡ ”‡ƒ•‘ –Šƒ– ™‘—Ž† ‡š’Žƒ‹ –Š‡•‡ ”‡•—Ž–• …‘—Ž† ˆ‘…—•á ˆ‹”•–á ‘ –Š‡ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’ –Šƒ– Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ƒ‡ „‡–™‡‡ –Š‡ …‘…‡’–• ‘ˆ ‡–Š‹…•á ‹†‡’‡†‡…‡á ƒ† ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹• ƒ†â •‡…‘†Ž›á ‘ –Š‡ ƒ„•‡…‡ ‘ˆ ƒ ƒ–—”‡ …—ƒ†‘”‹ƒ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ „ƒ•‡† ‘ ƒ •‘Ž‹† ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒæ Ž‹œƒ–‹‘‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ä

1RWHV srx …Š‡•‡›trru ᇐ•‘ƒ†‡˜‡—trrw á—˜ƒŽtrrw ᇖ…ä sry Š‡•–—†›…ƒ””‹‡†‘—–‹Š‹Ž‡„›ƒ’‹‡œ›•ƒáƒ‰‘•ƒ†ƒ„ƒŽ‹trsu ”‡ˆ—–‡•–Š‡•‡ ”‡•—Ž–•„›•–ƒ–‹‰–Šƒ–
‹–Š‡‡†‹ƒ‹–Š‹•…‘—–”›–Š‡”‡ƒ”‡•‹‰‹ˆ‹…ƒ–Ž‡˜‡Ž•‘ˆ ”‡•–”‹…–‹‘–‘’”‡••ˆ”‡‡†‘ä srz • Ž‘”trsu •–ƒ–‡†‹ Š‹••–—†› ‘–Š‡’‡”…‡’–‹‘‘ˆˆ”‡‡†‘‘ˆ‡š’”‡••‹‘‹–Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•‘ˆ–Š‡ ‡™•æ ’ƒ’‡”Ž ‹˜‡”•‘ä sr{ •ƒ†‘ƒ†ƒ†‡‘trsu •–ƒ–‡†„›•Š‘™‹‰–Šƒ––Š‡’‡”ˆ‘”ƒ…‡‹–Š‡•‡ …‘–‡š–•Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ˆƒ…‡•‡™‹†‹”‡…– …‘•–”ƒ‹–•ä





&KDSWHU;9

Š‡–”—•–Ž‡˜‡Ž•‹‹•–‹–—–‹‘•‘ˆ…—ƒ†‘æ ”‹ƒŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• $EVWUDFW ”—•–ƒ…–•ƒ•ƒ†‡–‡”‹‹‰’ƒ”ƒ‡–‡”‘ˆ–Š‡†‡‘…”ƒ–‹…’”‹…‹’Ž‡•ƒ†–Š‡ †‡ƒ†•ƒ†‹–‡”‡•–•‘ˆ–Š‡…‹–‹œ‡•äŠ‡”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’•‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•™‹–Š –Š‡†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–‹•–‹–—–‹‘•ƒ†‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘•–Šƒ–•–”—…–—”‡–Š‡ …—ƒ†‘”‹ƒ –ƒ–‡†‹”‡…–Ž›ƒˆˆ‡…––Š‡‹…”‡ƒ•‡‘”†‡…”‡ƒ•‡‹–Š‡Ž‡˜‡Ž•‘ˆ–”—•–‹–Š‡•‡ä Š‹• …Šƒ’–‡” •Š‘™• –Š‡ ”‡•—Ž–• ”‡‰ƒ”†‹‰ –Š‡ ‹†‡–‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡• –Šƒ– †‡–‡”‹‡ –Š‡ –”—•– ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ‹ ’—„Ž‹… ƒ† ’”‹˜ƒ–‡  ‹•–‹–—–‹‘• ‹ –Š‡ …‘—–”›ä Š‡ ”‡•—Ž–• •Š‘™ –Šƒ– –Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡– ‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘”Šƒ•–Š‡Š‹‰Š‡•–”ƒ–‡•‘ˆ–”—•–„‡–™‡‡–Š‡‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡†Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ä ‘™‡˜‡”á–Š‡”‡ ‹• ƒ ƒ”‡† ’‘Žƒ”‹•ƒ–‹‘á ”‡ˆŽ‡…–‹‰ –Š‡ ’‘•‹–‹‘• ‘ˆ …‘æ ˆ”‘–ƒ–‹‘ –Šƒ– †‡ˆ‹‡ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ ƒ† …—””‡– •‘…‹‘’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ …‘–‡š–‘ˆ…—ƒ†‘”ä



,QWURGXFWLRQ ‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡”• ƒ”‘—† –Š‡ ™‘”Ž† •Š‘™ ‹ –Š‡‹” •–—†‹‡• –Š‡ •–‡ƒ†› †‡…”‡ƒ•‡ ‹ –”—•–Ž‡˜‡Ž•–Šƒ–’—„Ž‹…‹•–‹–—–‹‘•‹‡•–‡”…‘—–”‹‡•ƒ”‡‡š’‡”‹‡…‹‰›‡ ƒ† …‘ŽŽäá s{{yâ ‘””‹•á s{{{â Šƒ”” ¬ —–ƒá trrr ƒ‹”á trrxâ‘”…ƒŽƒ† ‘–‡”‘átrrx⃐‹–œ•…Šƒ†‡”‰ƒœƒátrst 䃖‹‡”‹…ƒ‹• ‘‡š…‡’–‹‘ •‹…‡á ƒ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ –Š‡ ”‡•—Ž–• •Š‘™ „› –Š‡ ”‡’‘”– ‘ˆ –Š‡‹–‡†ƒ–‹‘• átrrvãtr áò–Š‡’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘–Šƒ–Šƒ•„‡‡†‡’”‹˜‡†‘ˆ •Šƒ”‹‰’‘™‡”á ˆ‡‡Ž• ™‹†‡•’”‡ƒ† ‹•–”—•– ‘ˆ ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ •›•–‡•óâ ”‡•—Ž–••—’’‘”–‡† „› ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡”••—…Šƒ• ò‡‡•trsv„ ä ”—•–Šƒ•‹–•”‘‘–•‹’Š‹Ž‘•‘’Š›á–Š‡‘Ž‘‰›á•‘…‹‘’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ –Š‘—‰Š–ა†‡–Š‹…•á ƒ† ‹…Ž—†‡• ‹–‡• •—…Š ƒ• –Š‡ ‡š’‡…–ƒ–‹‘á ‘–‹˜ƒ–‹‘á …‘‘’‡”ƒ–‹‘á …‘ŽŽƒ„‘”ƒ–‹‘á —–—ƒŽ ‘„Ž‹‰ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ”‡…‹’”‘…‹–› –Šƒ– …‘˜‡”‰‡ ™‹–Š‹ƒ …‘’Ž‡š •‘…‹ƒŽ ‡˜‹”‘‡– ŽŽƒŠ›ƒ”ƒŠƒ†‹á trsu ä ‘‡ ƒ—–Š‘”• Šƒ˜‡ †‡ˆ‹‡† •‘…‹ƒŽ –”—•– ƒ• òƒ ’‡”…‡’–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‘–Š‡”• ƒ† –Š‡ …‘–‡š–á ™Š‹…Š ‹• …‘•–”—…–‡†™‹–Š‹…‡”–ƒ‹•–”—…–—”‡•ƒ†•‘…‹ƒŽ‹ƒ‰‹ƒ”‹‡•ƒ•ƒ„›’”‘†—…– ‘ˆ ‡˜‡”›†ƒ› ‡š’‡”‹‡…‡•á ‹ˆ‘”ƒŽ Ž‡ƒ”‹‰á ƒ† ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡ó  ò‡‡•á trsvƒã s{ ä Š‹• ò—Ž–‹˜ƒ”‹ƒ„Ž‡ó …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡” …ƒ—•‡•á ƒ……‘”†‹‰–‘ ‘™‡ŽŽ trsv á ’‡”•‘ƒŽ ‘” ‹’‡”•‘ƒŽ –”—•– –‘ „‡ •‡‡ ƒ• ‡••‡–‹ƒŽ ˆ‘” ‹ˆ‘”ƒŽ‹–‡”’‡”•‘ƒŽ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’•áˆ‘”–Š‡ˆ—…–‹‘‹‰‘ˆ‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘•ƒ† ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ•ä —†ƒ‡–ƒŽ ƒ•’‡…– „‡…ƒ—•‡á ƒ• ƒ‹–œ•…Š ƒ† ‡”‰ƒœƒ trst  …Žƒ‹á •‘…‹‘Ž‘‰‹•–• ƒ† ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ •…‹‡–‹•–• Šƒ˜‡ †‡˜‘–‡† —…Š ƒ––‡–‹‘ –‘ –Š‡ ‘”‹‰‹• ‘ˆ ’—„Ž‹… –”—•–á „—– ™‡ ‘™ ˜‡”› Ž‹––Ž‡ ƒ„‘—– –Š‡ ˆƒ…–‘”• –Šƒ– ‘–‹˜ƒ–‡ –Š‡ –”—•– Ž‡˜‡Ž• ‘ˆ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ä Ž–Š‘—‰Šá ƒ……‘”†‹‰ –‘‘””‹•s{{{ á’”‘‰”‡••Šƒ•„‡‡ƒ†‡‹–Š‡”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’„‡–™‡‡ •‘…‹ƒŽ †‹•–”—•–ƒ†–Š‡‡†‹ƒä ”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽŽ›á –”—•– ‹ ‡†‹ƒ Šƒ• „‡‡ •–—†‹‡† ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š ‹–‘ –Š‡ ‡ˆˆ‡…–• ‘””‹•á s{{{â ‘„‹•‘á s{yxâ —‡‰‘á trrw  ”ƒ–Š‡” –Šƒ ˆ”‘ –Š‡ –”—•– ‘ˆ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• –Š‡•‡Ž˜‡•ä Š‡”‡ ‹•‘™ƒ‡™ –”‡† ‹™Š‹…Š–Š‹• •–—†›‹•‹…Ž—†‡†á‹™Š‹…Š–”—•–‹••–—†‹‡†„ƒ•‡†‘–Š‡ƒ––‡–‹‘á’”ƒ…–‹…‡•á ƒ––‹–—†‡•á’‡”…‡’–‹‘•áƒ†”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’•‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•âƒ†–Š‡…‘‡…–‹‘‘ˆ –Š‡•‡ ˆƒ…–‘”• ™‹–Š –Š‡‹” ˆ‹ƒŽ ™‘” ‡ä‰ä ”ƒ–•á †‡ ”‡‡•‡áڎŽ‡” ƒ† ˜ƒ ”ƒƒ‰átrr{☃ƒŽ‡ƒ††‡”‡‡•‡átrss⃐‹–œ•…Šƒ†‡”‰ƒœƒá trstâ ‡”‰ƒœƒá ˜ƒ ƒŽ‡ ƒ† Šƒ’ƒ””‘á trsrâ ”ƒ–• ƒ† …‘ŽŽäátrr{ ä Š‡‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‡•‘ˆ–Š‹•…Šƒ’–‡”ƒ”‡ãs ‘‹†‡–‹ˆ›–Š‡‹•–‹–—–‹‘•ƒ† ‘”‰ƒæ ‹•ƒ–‹‘• ‹ …—ƒ†‘” –Šƒ– ‡Œ‘› ƒ Š‹‰Š‡”Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘ˆ –”—•– ‘ –Š‡ ’ƒ”– ‘ˆ –Š‡



‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡†Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ât ‘†‡–‡”‹‡–Š‡‹•–‹–—–‹‘•ƒ†‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘• ‹ …—ƒ†‘” ™‹–Š –Š‡ Ž‘™‡•– Ž‡˜‡Ž• ‘ˆ …‘ˆ‹†‡…‡ ƒ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ –Š‡ ‹–‡”æ ˜‹‡™‡†Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•âƒ†u –‘Ž‘…ƒ–‡–Š‡’‘••‹„Ž‡…ƒ—•‡•‘ˆ–Š‡ …‘–‡š–—ƒŽ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡•–Šƒ–†‡–‡”‹‡–Š‡–”—•–‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•‹–Š‡ƒ‹ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘• ƒ†‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘•‹…—ƒ†‘”ä

 7KHFRQFHSWRI WUXVW Š‡–”—•–‘ˆƒ…‘—‹–›Ž‡‰‹–‹‹•‡• ‹–• —‹–›ƒ†…‘Š‡•‹‘ƒ”•‘•ás{wsá s{{s á •‹…‡ ‹– ‹• „ƒ•‡† ‘ ‡š’‡…–ƒ–‹‘• –Šƒ– ƒ”‹•‡ „‡–™‡‡ ‡„‡”• ‘ˆ ƒ …‘—‹–›á‹–Š‡•‡–‘ˆ…‘‘Ž›•Šƒ”‡†‘”•ƒ†–Š‡„‡Ž‹‡ˆ–Šƒ–‘–Š‡”• ƒ…– ‹ ƒ —–—ƒŽŽ› •—’’‘”–‹˜‡ ™ƒ› ƒ† ƒ˜‘‹†‹‰ ‡š’Ž‘‹–‹‰ –Š‡ ˜—Ž‡”ƒ„‹Ž‹–› ‘ˆ‘–Š‡”• ——›ƒƒás{{w 䊋•ˆ‡ƒ–—”‡’—–•–”—•–‹ƒ’‘•‹–‹‘–Šƒ–‘……—”• —†‡” ò…‘†‹–‹‘• ‘ˆ ‹‰‘”ƒ…‡ ƒ† —…‡”–ƒ‹–›ó Šƒ”‡’‘‘”á trru 䊇 ‹–‡”’”‡–ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –”—•– ‘ˆ ——›ƒƒ s{{w á „ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡ ‘”ƒŽ ‘–‹‘‘ˆ –”—•–á ‹• –Š‡ ‡š’‡…–ƒ–‹‘ –Šƒ– ‹• ƒ‹ˆ‡•–‡† ‹ •‘…‹‡–› ƒ† –Šƒ– ”‡˜‘Ž˜‡• ƒ”‘—† –Š‡ ƒ„‹Ž‹–›–‘ „‡ †‹•…‹’Ž‹‡† ƒ†–”—–Šˆ—Žá ƒ• ƒ••—‡† ‹ …‘‘’‡”ƒ–‹˜‡ „‡Šƒ˜‹‘—”ä Š‹• •‘…‹ƒŽ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’ ‹˜‘Ž˜‡•á ƒ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ ‘‘Ž…‘… s{{z á –Š‡ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’ „‡–™‡‡ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ•á ‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘•á ƒ† …‹˜‹Ž •–”—…–—”‡•â ‹…Ž—†‹‰ ‡Ž‡‡–• ‘ˆ …‘ˆ‹†‡…‡á ‡š’‡…–ƒ–‹‘á ‘–‹˜ƒ–‹‘á …‘‘’‡”ƒ–‹‘á …‘æ ŽŽƒ„‘”ƒ–‹‘á —–—ƒŽ ‘„Ž‹‰ƒ–‹‘á ƒ† Œ‘‹– ™‘” ™‹–Š‹ ƒ …‘’Ž‡š •‘…‹ƒŽ ‡æ ˜‹”‘‡–ä Š‡”‡ƒ”‡†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–’”‘’‘•ƒŽ•ƒ•–‘‹–•‘”‹‰‹ä ‹”•–Ž›á•Žƒ‡”trru ’”‘æ ’‘•‡•–Š‡…‘…‡’–‘ˆ–”—•–‹ƒ‘–Š‡”’‡”•‘ˆ”‘ƒ‡••‡–‹ƒŽŽ› •–”ƒ–‡‰‹… ˜‹‡™’‘‹–á•‹…‡–”—•–’‘•‡•ƒ”‹•äŠ—•áŠ‡†‡ˆ‹‡•ò•–”ƒ–‡‰‹…–”—•–󃕖Š‡ ‡š’‡…–ƒ–‹‘‘ˆŠ‘™’‡‘’Ž‡ò•Š‘—Ž†ó„‡Šƒ˜‡ä†ò‘”ƒŽ–”—•–󃕖Š‡•–ƒ–‡ ‘ˆ Š‘™ ’‡‘’Ž‡ ò—•–ó „‡Šƒ˜‡ä Š‹• ƒ—–Š‘”á Š‘™‡˜‡”á ‹–”‘†—…‡• ƒ ‘”‡ ‡‘–‹‘ƒŽ‡š’Žƒƒ–‹‘ä ‘”‡‘˜‡”á ‘Ž‡ƒ s{{rã {r  ’”‘’‘•‡• ƒ ‘”‡ …‘–‡š–—ƒŽ Ž‹‡ –‘ •’‡ƒ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ò–”—•–‡”ó ƒ† –Š‡ ò–”—•–‡‡óä Š‡ ˆ‹”•– ‹• –Š‡ ‘‡ –Šƒ– ’”‘’‘•‡• –Š‡ ƒ…–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‡š…Šƒ‰‡ ‘ˆ –”—•– ™‹–Š –Š‡ ‘–Š‡”á ƒ† –Š‡ •‡…‘† ‹• –Š‡ ‘‡ –Šƒ– †‡…‹†‡• –‘ ”‡…‹’”‘…ƒ–‡ –Š‹• –”—•–á ƒ••—‹‰ –Š‡ ”‹•á ‘” ‘–Š‡”™‹•‡ä Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡á –”—•– ‹• ƒ……‡’–‡† ™Š‡ ‡š’‡…–ƒ–‹‘• †‡–‡”‹‡ –Š‡ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡…‡ ‹ ƒ †‡…‹•‹‘ —æ Šƒá s{y{ á ƒ ˆƒ…– –Šƒ– ‡’Šƒ•‹•‡• –Š‡ ˆ—–—”‡æ‘”‹‡–‡† …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡” ‘ˆ –”—•– ƒ‹–œ•…Šƒ†‡”‰ƒœƒá trst ä ‡ƒ”‡á …‘•‡“—‡–Ž›á ˆƒ…‡† ™‹–Š –™‘ ‹–‡”’”‡–ƒ–‹‘• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘”‹‰‹ ‘ˆ ‹•æ



–”—•–ä Š‡ òˆ‹”•– ƒ’’”‘ƒ…Š ‹• ƒ••‘…‹ƒ–‡† ™‹–Š ˜ƒŽ—‡• ƒ† ‡š’‡”‹‡…‡ ƒ† …Š‹Ž†Š‘‘† Ž‡ƒ”‹‰ á ™Š‹Ž‡ –Š‡ •‡…‘† ‘‡ ‡ƒ• †‹•–”—•– ƒ• ƒ ”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ’‡”…‡’–‹‘ †‡’‡†‡– ‘ ƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ‘” …‘–‡š–á ƒ‘‰ ‘–Š‡” ˆƒ…–‘”•ó ò‡‡•átrsvƒãsz ä

 7KHYDULHWLHVRI WUXVW ƒ”–‘ˆ–Š‡Ž‹–‡”ƒ–—”‡–Šƒ–ƒƒŽ›•‡•–”—•–Š‘Ž†•ƒ…Žƒ••‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡†‹æˆˆ‡”‡– ‡šƒ’Ž‡• ‘” ƒ”…Š‡–›’‡• ‘ˆ –Š‹•ä ‹”•–Ž›á ™Š‡ –ƒŽ‹‰ ƒ„‘—– ò•‘…‹ƒŽ–”—•–ó ƒ†ò’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ–”—•–óá‘…‹ƒŽ…‹‡…‡•Š‘Ž†ƒ‘’‡†‡„ƒ–‡‘–Š‡ƒ––‡”䊇‹” ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’ Šƒ• ƒ”‹•‡ ˆ”‘ —Ž–‹’Ž‡ †‹‡•‹‘•ä ƒ‘ ƒ†…‘ŽŽä trsv  ’‡”ˆ‘”‡† ƒ …Žƒ••‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘ „› „”‹‰‹‰ –‘‰‡–Š‡” ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡”• ‹ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ‰”‘—’•ãs –Šƒ–…‘•‹†‡”–Š‡ƒ•‹†‡’‡†‡–ˆ‹‡Ž†•á †‹ˆˆ‡”‡–‹ƒ–‹‰„‡–™‡‡ •‘…‹ƒŽ ‘” Š‘”‹œ‘–ƒŽ –”—•– ƒ† ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ‘” ˜‡”–‹…ƒŽ –”—•– « ‡ä‰ä ’‡‘’Ž‡ …ƒ Šƒ˜‡ ƒ Š‹‰Š •‘…‹ƒŽ ‘” ‹–‡”’‡”•‘ƒŽ –”—•– ƒ† ‘– –”—•– –Š‡‹” Ž‡ƒ†‡”•‘” ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘•á ƒ† t  –Šƒ– ‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š ƒ …ƒ—•ƒŽ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’ „‡…ƒ—•‡‘ˆ –Š‡•‘…‹ƒŽ„ƒ•‡‘ˆ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ –”—•–ä ‡…‘†Ž›á”‡‰ƒ”†‹‰‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ–”—•–჏’„‡ŽŽtrrv ‡š’‘•‡•–™‘–›’‡• ‘ˆ–Š‡‘”‡–‹…ƒŽ‡š’Žƒƒ–‹‘•–Šƒ–‡š’Žƒ‹–Š‡’”‘…‡••‘ˆˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘äŠ‡ˆ‹”•– ‘‡‹•†‡”‹˜‡†ˆ”‘–Š‡ˆ‹‡Ž†‘ˆò’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ…—Ž–—”‡ó«™Š‹…Šˆ‘…—•‡•‘ ˜‹Ž •‘…‹‡–›ïá˜‹Ž…‘—‹–›ïƒ†…‹ƒŽ…ƒ’‹–ƒŽï䊇•‡…‘†…‘‡•ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ò’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ‡…‘‘›óሑ…—•‡†‘–Š‡•–”—…–—”‡‘ˆ–Š‡”‡Žƒ–‹‘•‘ˆ…‹ƒŽ…ƒ’‹æ –ƒŽ‹•ï„ƒ•‡†‘–Š‡’”‹…‹’Ž‡•‘ˆ–‹‘ƒŽ…Š‘‹…‡ïƒ†…‹ƒŽ–”ƒ•ƒ…–‹‘•ïä ‹ƒŽŽ›á •‘‡ ƒ—–Š‘”• •—‰‰‡•– ˜ƒ”‹‘—• ™ƒ›• ‘” ’”‡‹•‡• –Šƒ– ‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š –Š‡ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– –›’‡• ‘ˆ –”—•–ä ‹”•– ‘™‡ŽŽ trsv  ’”‘’‘•‡• •‡˜‡”ƒŽ Ž‡˜‡Ž• ˆ‘” –Š‡ –Š‡‘”‹•‹‰ ‘ˆ –”—•–ã s  –Š‡ Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘ˆ ‹–‡”’‡”•‘ƒŽ “—ƒŽ‹–‹‡• ‘ˆ –Š‡‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ• ‹˜‘Ž˜‡†â t  –Š‡ …‘—‹–› Ž‡˜‡Ž –Šƒ– ”‡Žƒ–‡• ’‘•‹–‹˜‡ ‹–‡”’‡”•‘ƒŽ –”—•– Ž‡˜‡Ž• ƒ† Ž‡˜‡Ž• ‘ˆ ò•‘…‹ƒŽ …ƒ’‹–ƒŽóâ u  –Š‡ Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘ˆ –”—•– ƒ† ‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ …‘–‡š–á…ŠƒŽŽ‡‰‡‘ˆò”‡Ž‹ƒ„‹Ž‹–›ó‹‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘•–Šƒ– Šƒ˜‡’”‘ˆ‘—†‡ˆˆ‡…–• ‘ –”—•– ‹–Š‡ •›•–‡â ’”‘†—…‹‰ ƒ ‹…”‡ƒ•‡ ‹ –Š‡ †‡ƒ† ˆ‘””‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘á †‹•…Ž‘•—”‡ƒ†–”ƒ•’ƒ”‡…›á–Šƒ–‹•á ‹…”‡ƒ•‹‰†‡ƒ†•‘ˆ‹•–”—•–â ƒ† v  –Š‡ †‡…”‡ƒ•‡† Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘ˆ –”—•– ‹ –Š‡ •‘…‹ƒŽ ‡†‹ƒ ‘ˆ –Š‡ –ƒ–‡ä †á •‡…‘†á œ–‘’ƒ s{{{  ’”‘˜‹†‡• ƒ ‘†‡Ž ‘ˆ ò…—Ž–—”‡ ‘ˆ –”—•–ó „ƒ•‡† ‘ ˆ‹˜‡ …‘†‹–‹‘•ã s  ’‘Ž‹…› …‘Š‡”‡…‡á t  •–ƒ„‹Ž‹–› ‘ˆ –Š‡ •‘…‹ƒŽ ‘”†‡”â u  –”ƒ•’ƒ”‡…› ‘ˆ •‘…‹ƒŽ ‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘•â v  ˆƒ‹Ž‹ƒ”‹–› ™‹–Š –Š‡ •‘…‹ƒŽ ‡˜‹”‘æ ‡–ა†w ”‡•’‘•‹„‹Ž‹–›‘ˆ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ•ƒ†‹•–‹–—–‹‘•ä



 7UXVWHGVRXUFHV ˜‡” ”‡…‡– †‡…ƒ†‡•á •‘‡ ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡”• ‹ ‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ …‹‡…‡•á …‘‘‹…•á ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ‘…‹‘Ž‘‰› Šƒ˜‡ ˆ‘…—•‡† ‘ –Š‡ ƒƒŽ›•‹• ‘ˆ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ –”—•–ä ƒ‹Ž› „‡…ƒ—•‡ –Š‡”‡ ‹• •‘‡ …‘…‡”á ƒ† Žƒ… ‘ˆ ‘™Ž‡†‰‡á ‘ˆ –Š‡ ˆƒ…–‘”• –Šƒ– †‡ˆ‹‡ ‹–ä • ƒ’„‡ŽŽ trrvã vrs  •–ƒ–‡•á ò–Š‡”‡ ‹• •–‹ŽŽ ‘ …‘•‡•—• ‘ –Š‡ ƒ‹ ˆƒ…–‘”• „‡Š‹† –Š‡ ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ –”—•–óä ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ ƒ‹–œ•…Š ƒ† ‡”‰ƒœƒ trst  –Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡ ƒ› ”‡ƒ•‘• ™Š› ’‡‘’Ž‡á ƒ† –Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•á –”—•– ‘” †‹•–”—•– ’—„Ž‹… ‹•–‹–—–‹‘•ä Š‡•‡ ƒ—–Š‘”•‹†‡–‹ˆ›ˆ‘—”ã s  –Š‡–›’‡‘ˆ’‡”ˆ‘”ƒ…‡‘ˆ–Š‡‹•–‹–—–‹‘ãŽ–Š‘—‰Š–Š‡”‡ƒ”‡ƒ—–Š‘”•Ž‹‡ ‹•ŠŽ‡”ƒ†‘•‡trrs ™Š‘…Žƒ‹–Šƒ––”—•–…ƒ„‡…‘‡‡†‘‰‡‘—•á•‡‡ ƒ• ƒ …‘•‡“—‡…‡ ”ƒ–Š‡” –Šƒ ƒ …ƒ—•‡á –Š‡ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽƒ’’”‘ƒ…ŠŠ‘Ž†• –Šƒ– –”—•– ‹ ’—„Ž‹… ‹•–‹–—–‹‘• ‹• ƒ‹Ž› ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡† „› –Š‡‹” ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ƒ† ‡…‘‘‹… ’‡”ˆ‘”ƒ…‡á ƒ• ™‡ŽŽ ƒ• –Š‡ •ƒ–‹•ˆƒ…–‹‘‘ˆ ’‡‘’Ž‡ ™‹–Š–Š‡•ƒ‡ä —”–Š‡”á –Š‡› •—‰‰‡•– ƒ††‹‰ ˆ”‡‡†‘ ‘ˆ ’”‡•• ‹ –Š‹• •‡…–‹‘„‡…ƒ—•‡ –Š‡ ’‡”…‡’–‹‘ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ‹• ƒŽ•‘ ˆ‘”‡† ˆ”‘ –Š‡ †‡‰”‡‡ ‘ˆ ƒ—–‘‘› –Šƒ– –Š‡•‡‹•–‹–—–‹‘•‘ˆˆ‡”–Š‡ ‡†‹ƒä t  Š‡‹–‡”’‡”•‘ƒŽ–”—•–ã—Ž–—”ƒŽ–Š‡‘”‹‡••—‰‰‡•––Šƒ–‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ–”—•– ‹•‡š‘‰‡‘—•ƒ†ƒ‡š–‡•‹‘‘ˆ‹–‡”’‡”•‘ƒŽ–”—•–á•‘–Šƒ––Š‡‰”‡ƒ–‡” –Š‡–”—•–„‡–™‡‡‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ•‹ƒ•‘…‹‡–›á–Š‡‰”‡ƒ–‡”–Š‡–”—•–‹’—„Ž‹… ‹•–‹–—–‹‘•ä —”–Š‡”‘”‡á–Š‹•…—Ž–—”ƒŽ‹•–’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡áƒ……‘”†‹‰–‘ƒ’æ „‡ŽŽtrrv á’”‘’‘•‡•–Š‡Ž‹„‡–™‡‡‹–‡”’‡”•‘ƒŽ‹…”‘æ…—Ž–—”ƒŽ ƒ† ’•›…Š‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡ ƒ†‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽƒ…”‘æ…—Ž–—”ƒŽá •‘…‹‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ ƒ†’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡ –”—•–䎖Š‘—‰Šƒ‹–œ•…Šƒ†‡”‰ƒœƒ trst  •Š‘™ ‘–Š‡” ’‡”•’‡…–‹˜‡• –Šƒ– ”ƒ‹•‡ •‡”‹‘—• “—‡•–‹‘• ƒ„‘—– –Š‡ …—Ž–—”ƒŽ ƒ’’”‘ƒ…Š ƒ† –Š‡ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’ „‡–™‡‡ ‹–‡”’‡”•‘ƒŽ ƒ† ‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ –”—•–ä u  Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ‘™‡”•Š‹’ã ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ™‘” ‹ ƒ Š‹‰ŠŽ› ‘”‰ƒ‹•‡† …‘–‡š– ‡™•”‘‘•ƒ†‡†‹ƒ 䙐‡”•Š‹’‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒ‹•–Š‡ˆƒ…–‘”–Šƒ– †‡–‡”æ ‹‡•–Š‡‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹˜‡’”‘†—…–‹‘ƒ–‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ Ž‡˜‡Žä v  Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡ãŠ‡ƒ‹ˆ‘”…‡‹–Š‹•”‡‰ƒ”†‹•–Š‡ò†‹•–ƒ…‡™‹–Š –Š‡ ’‘™‡”óá —†‡”•–‘‘† ƒ• –Š‡ ’‘•‹–‹‘‹‰ ‘ˆ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•– ”‡‰ƒ”†‹‰–Š‡ ’‘™‡”• ‘ˆ •‘…‹‡–›ä ƒ‹–œ•…Š ƒ† ‡”‰ƒœƒ trst  •–ƒ–‡ –Šƒ– –Š‡ †‹•–ƒ…‡ ™‹–Š –Š‡ ’‘™‡” ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡• ’—„Ž‹… –”—•– ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ä ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• •Š‘™ƒ



‰”‡ƒ–‡” †‹•–ƒ…‡ ™‹–Š –Š‡ ’‘™‡”á –Š‡› ™‹ŽŽ –‡† –‘ †‡…”‡ƒ•‡ –Š‡‹” –”—•– ‹ ’—„Ž‹… ‹•–‹–—–‹‘•ä † ‹ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• Šƒ˜‡ Ž‡•• –”—•– ‹ –Š‡ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘• –Šƒ– ƒ‡—’–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡á–Š‡›™‹ŽŽ„‡‘”‡ …”‹–‹…ƒŽä 

 7KHELQRPLDO´WUXVWFUHGLELOLW\µ ”—•– ƒ† …”‡†‹„‹Ž‹–› ƒ”‡ ‹•‡’ƒ”ƒ„Ž› Ž‹‡†ä ‹”•–Ž›á –”—•– ‹• ƒ ‡…Šƒ‹• ˆ‘” ”‡†—…‹‰ •‘…‹ƒŽ …‘’Ž‡š‹–›á „‡…‘‹‰ ‘‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘•– ‹’‘”–ƒ– •‘…‹ƒŽ ‡…Šƒ‹•• —Šƒá trrw  –‘ ƒ…– ƒ• ƒ „ƒŽ –‘ –Š‡ —…‡”–ƒ‹–› –Šƒ– ”‡æ †—…‡•‘”…ƒ…‡Ž•–Š‡ˆ‡ƒ”‘ˆˆƒ‹Ž—”‡‘”‹Œ—”› ƒ”‹ƒ•á‘•‡•ƒ† ׏‡œátrss ä ‡…‘†Ž›á …”‡†‹„‹Ž‹–› ‹• Š‡Ž† ‹ –Š‡ •›„‘Ž‹… …‘‹–‡– –Šƒ– ‡–ƒ‹Ž• –Š‡ ‘„Ž‹‰ƒ–‹‘ –‘ ”‡•’‘† –‘ …‡”–ƒ‹ ƒ…–•ä ‡…‡á ƒ Š‹‰Š‡” Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘ˆ …”‡†‹„‹Ž‹–› ‘ˆ ƒ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ ‘” ƒ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘ …ƒ””‹‡• ƒ Š‹‰Š‡” Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘ˆ –”—•– „› –Š‡‘–Š‡” ƒ…–‘”•ä —„Ž‹… ƒ—–Š‘”‹–‹‡• ‘ˆ–‡ ƒ”‡ †‡•…”‹„‡† ƒ• ‹‡ˆˆ‹…‹‡– ƒ† …Ž—•›á ƒ‹‰ ‹•–ƒ‡•„—–‡˜‡””‡…‘‰‹•‹‰–Š‡á•‘‘‡•Š‘—Ž†‘–„‡•—”’”‹•‡†™Š‡ ‘‡†ƒ›–Š‡…‹–‹œ‡•Ž‘•‡–”—•–‹–Š‡á‹…Ž—†‹‰–Š‡‡†‹ƒ‘‡”átrrw ä Š‡•‡‹•–”—•–”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’•ƒ”‡•‘‡–‹‡•”‡…‹’”‘…ƒŽá•‹…‡òŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•Š‘Ž† ‡‰ƒ–‹˜‡ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ †—‡ –‘ •…‡’–‹…‹• ƒ† †‹•–”—•– ’‘Ž‹…‹‡• ƒ† ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘•ó‡‰ƒ—‡”á••‡”ƒ†‡”‰ƒœƒátrssãszr 䊗•á‘–Š‡”•–—†‹‡• ’‘‹– –‘ ‡‰ƒ–‹˜‹• ƒ• ƒ •–”ƒ–‡‰› ˆ‘” –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ™‹–Š ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ‹–‡”‡•–• ƒ•–”‘‹Žá trstâ ‘œžŽ‡œ ƒ† Šƒ˜‡”‘á trsu ä  ƒ› …ƒ•‡á –Š‹• •‹–—ƒ–‹‘ ”‡•—Ž–•‹ƒ•’‹”ƒŽ‘ˆ…›‹…‹•™‹–Š–Š‡’—„Ž‹…䛐‹…‹•‘–‘Ž›‹–‡”•‘ˆ ’‘Ž‹–‹…• ƒ† ’‘Ž‹–‹…‹ƒ•á „—– ƒŽ•‘ ˜‹•ææ˜‹• ™‹–Š –Š‡ ‡••‡‰‡”• –Š‡•‡Ž˜‡•á –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ƒ• –Š‡ ”‡Ž‹ƒ„Ž‡ ƒ† –”—•–‡† ‰—ƒ”†‹ƒ• ‘ˆ †‡‘…”ƒ…› ”ƒ–• ƒ†…‘ŽŽäátrr{ ä Š‹• •‹–—ƒ–‹‘ †‹”‡…–Ž› ƒˆˆ‡…–• –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ –Šƒ–á ‹ ‘”†‡” –‘ ƒ˜‘‹† ‹–á •Š‘—Ž† ‡…‘—”ƒ‰‡–”—•–ƒ†…”‡†‹„‹Ž‹–›‹–Š‡†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–‘ˆ–Š‡‹”™‘”á‡–Š‹…•ƒ† …‘†‡• ‘ˆ …‘†—…– Š‹–‡á trrz ä –Š‡”™‹•‡á –Š‡ …‹–‹œ‡• ™‹ŽŽ ‹•–”—•– –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ƒ†‡†‹ƒáƒ†Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•áƒ•ƒ™Š‘Ž‡á™‹ŽŽ‰‘–Š”‘—‰Šƒ…”‹•‹•‘ˆ …”‡†‹„‹Ž‹–›ƒŽ‡–Àátrrxâ ƒ”‹ƒ•á‘•‡•ƒ† ׏‡œátrss ä

 7KHOHYHOVRIWUXVWRIWKHFLWL]HQVLQWKHLQVWLWXWLRQVDQG RU JDQLVDWLRQVRI (FXDGRU Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡– ‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘” ”‡ƒˆˆ‹”• –Š‡ Ž‡‰‹–‹ƒ…› ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”‡•‹†‡– –Š”‘—‰Š s  –Š‡ •‡Žˆæ’”‘…Žƒƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ Ž‡ƒ†‡” ƒ• ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡



’‡‘’Ž‡ƒ†–Š‡…‘—–”›áƒ†t –Š‡‹†‡–‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘‘ˆƒ…‘‘‡‡›ã –Š‡ ‘Ž‹‰ƒ”…Š›á–Š‡’ƒ”–‹…”ƒ…›ƒ†–Š‡’ƒ•–‡Žƒ‘””‡átrsu 䎖Š‘—‰Šáƒ•‘”Œ trstƒ •–ƒ–‡•á–Š‡•‡–›’‡•‘ˆ ‘˜‡”‡–•ƒ‹–ƒ‹‘Ž‹‰‘’‘Ž‹•–‹…•‹–—ƒ–‹‘• …‘—–‡”æ’ƒ”–›‘ˆˆ‡”‹‰ò…‘–”‘ŽŽ‡†óŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ä ‘™‡˜‡”á ‡˜‡ ƒ••—‹‰ –Šƒ– ‘˜‡”‡– Šƒ• ƒ •‹–—ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ …‘–”‘Ž ‹ –Š‹• …‘—–”›á–Š‡”‡•—Ž–•‘ˆƒ–‹‘„ƒ”׏‡–”‘trsu •Š‘™–Šƒ–…—ƒ†‘”á –‘‰‡–Š‡” ™‹–Š ‡‡œ—‡Žƒá ‹• ‘‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ …‘—–”‹‡• ™Š‡”‡ –Š‡ •‘…‹ƒŽ •—’’‘”– ˆ‘” †‡‘…”ƒ…› Šƒ• ‹…”‡ƒ•‡† –Š‡ ‘•– « …—ƒ†‘” ‹…”‡ƒ•‡† ‹–• •—æ ’’‘”–ˆ‘”†‡‘…”ƒ…›ˆ”‘wt¨–‘xt¨„‡–™‡‡s{{xƒ†trsu䎖Š‘—‰Šá ƒ• •—„•‡“—‡–Ž› ‡š’‘•‡† „› –Š‹• ”‡’‘”–á ™‹–Š Ž‘™ Ž‡˜‡Ž• ‘ˆ ‡†—…ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ‹æ ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ’‘Ž‹–‹…‹•‡† „› ’ƒ”–‹•ƒ ‡†‹ƒá …‹–‹œ‡• Œ—†‰‡ †‡‘…”ƒ…› „› ™Šƒ– –Š‡› Ž‹˜‡ ƒ† ™Šƒ– –Š‡› ‡š’‡”‹‡…‡† åä Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡á †‡‘…”ƒ…› –‡†• –‘ „‡ Œ—†‰‡† „› –Š‡ ”‡•—Ž–• ‹ –Š‹• ˆ‹”•– ‰‡‡”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ …‹–‹œ‡• ‡š’‘•‡† –‘ ‹–ä Ž› –Š‘•‡ ™‹–Š Š‹‰Š‡” ‡†—…ƒ–‹‘ Ž‡˜‡Ž• –Šƒ– ƒ› •‡‡ ƒ ‘”‡ ƒ„•–”ƒ…– …‘…‡’– ‘ˆ†‡‘…”ƒ…›ƒ†‹–•ˆ—…–‹‘•ƒ–‹‘„ƒ”׏‡–”‘átrsu ä Š‹••—’’‘”–ˆ‘”†‡‘…”ƒ…›‹••—•–ƒ‹‡†‹–Š‡‹ƒ‰‡‘ˆò’”‘‰”‡••‘ˆ…—ƒæ †‘”‹ƒóƒ†ò‡…‘‘‹…•‡–‹‡–ó•—„Œ‡…–‹˜‡‹…‘‡á…—””‡–ƒ† ˆ—–—”‡ ‡…‘‘‹… ’‡”•‘ƒŽ •‹–—ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† –Š‡ •‹–—ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ …‘—–”› ƒ– ’”‡•‡– ƒ† Ž‘‰ –‡” á ™Š‹…Š ‹• –Š‡ Š‹‰Š‡•– ‹ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ ƒ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ –Š‡ ƒ–‹‘„ƒ”׏‡–”‘trsu ssrä ‡‰ƒ”†‹‰ …‹–‹œ‡ ’‡”…‡’–‹‘• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒ‹ ’”‘„Ž‡• ‹ …—ƒ†‘”á –Š‡ Ž‡˜‡Ž• ‘ˆ…”‹‡ ƒ† —‡’Ž‘›‡– •–ƒ† ‘—–á ’”‘„Ž‡• –‘ ™Š‹…Š –Š‡ …—ƒ†‘”‹ƒ …‹–‹œ‡ƒ––”‹„—–‡•ƒˆƒ”‰”‡ƒ–‡” •‹‰‹ˆ‹…ƒ…‡ –Šƒ –Š‡”‡•–á •—…Š ƒ•…‘””—’–‹‘ ƒ† ‡†—…ƒ–‹‘á ™Š‹…Š ƒ”‡ ƒ– —…Š Ž‘™‡” Ž‡˜‡Ž• ƒ–‹‘„ƒ”׏‡–”‘átrsu ä Š‹• ”‡•—Ž– •Š‘™• …‘””—’–‹‘ ƒ• ‘‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹‘” …‘…‡”• ƒŽ–Š‘—‰Šá ƒ……‘”†‹‰–‘ƒÀ”‡œtrssãtus áò–‘†ƒ›™‡™‘—Ž†•‡‡–Š‡‡š’ƒ•‹‘ ‘ˆ–Š‡ †‹•–ƒ…‡ „‡–™‡‡ ’”‘…‡†—”ƒŽ Ž‡‰‹–‹ƒ…› ƒ† •‘…‹ƒŽ –”—•– ‹ †‡‘…”ƒ–‹… ‹•–‹–—–‹‘•óä ‡•’‹–‡ –Š‡ Ž‘™ ’‡”…‡’–‹‘ ‘ˆ …‘””—’–‹‘ „› …‹–‹œ‡•á –Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡ “—‹–‡ Š‡‹‰Šæ –‡‡†Ž‡˜‡Ž•‘ˆ†‹•–”—•– ‹–Š‡ƒ‹‹•–‹–—–‹‘•‘ˆ–Š‡…‘—–”›ä……‘”†‹‰ –‘ –Š‡ ”‡’‘”–‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒ–‹‘„ƒ”׏‡–”‘trss á Ž‡˜‡Ž• ‘ˆ †‹•–”—•– ƒ”‡ ’ƒ”–‹…—Žƒ”Ž› •‹‰‹ˆ‹…ƒ––‘–”ƒ†‡—‹‘•xy¨ á–Š‡Œ—†‹…‹ƒ”›xxäy¨ ƒ†’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ’ƒ”–‹‡• xwáy¨ 䊋•†‹•–”—•–…ƒ„‡ƒ••‘…‹ƒ–‡†–‘–Š‡‹•‘Žƒ–‹‘ƒ†‹˜‹•‹„‹Ž‹–›–Šƒ– Šƒ• „‡…‘‡ –Š‡ –”—•–‡† ‡–™‘”• ‹ ƒ”‡ƒ• ‘ˆ †‹•…”‡–‹‘á „ƒ•‡† ‘ ’‡”•‘æ ƒŽ‹•–‹… –‹‡• ƒ‘•á trsu sssá „—– –Š‡› ƒ”‡ ƒŽ•‘ ƒ••‘…‹ƒ–‡† ™‹–Š –Š‡ Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘ˆ



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”ƒ’Š‹… sä ˆ –Š‡ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘• –Šƒ– ‡š‹•– ‹ …—ƒ†‘”á ™Š‹…Š ‘‡• ‰‡‡”ƒ–‡• ‘”‡ –”—•– ˆ‘” ›‘—ë ‘—”…‡ã”‡’ƒ”‡†„›–Š‡ƒ—–Š‘”•†ƒ–ƒ‡š’”‡••‡†‹¨ ä

Š‡ ‘–Š‡” ‘’–‹‘• ƒ”‡ ‹‘”‹–›á ’”‹ƒ”‹Ž› Š‹‰ŠŽ‹‰Š–‹‰ –Š‡ Žƒ… ‘ˆ –”—•– ‹ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘• ò’‡‘’Ž‡ ™Š‘ ƒ‡ —’ –Š‡ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘ „—– ƒ”‡ ‘– ‹ ‹–•‡Žˆó ƒ† ò‹ƒ›‹•–‹–—–‹‘ó stá{r¨ ãò †‘‘–‘™‹ˆ™‡…ƒ–‡ŽŽ–Š‡’‡‘’Ž‡á„‡…ƒ—æ •‡’—„Ž‹…‹•–‹–—–‹‘•á–Š‡–”—–Š‹•–Š‡”‡‹•‘–”—•–á‹•‘”‡Ž‹‡ƒ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’ –Šƒ–—•–„‡ƒ†‡™‹–Š–Š‡á„—–‹•‘––Šƒ–‘‡Šƒ•–Š‡…‡”–ƒ‹–›–Šƒ––Š‡› …ƒ…‘—–‘–Š‡srr¨óty âòŠ‡–”—‡‹•–‹–—–‹‘á‹•–Šƒ––Š‡’‡‘’Ž‡ƒ‡• –Š‡‹•–‹–—–‹‘á ™‘—Ž†‘–”‡ƒŽŽ›–”—•–ƒ›‘‡ó us ä ‡…‘†Ž›á•‘…‹ƒŽ‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘•ƒ†‡†—…ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‹•–‹–—–‹‘•ƒ‹–ƒ‹ƒ…‡”æ –ƒ‹Ž‡˜‡Ž‘ˆ”‡•’‘†‡–•–”—•–ã ò –Š‹áˆ‘”‡šƒ’Ž‡á‘ˆ–Š‡‹–‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ’Žƒ–Šƒ–™‘”•‘–Š‡–Š‡‡‘ˆ…Š‹Ž†”‡ƒ†ƒ†‘Ž‡•…‡–•á™Š‘‡Ž•‡ë †—æ …ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‹•–‹–—–‹‘•á™‹–Š™Š‘™‡ƒŽ•‘™‘”á‡•’‡…‹ƒŽŽ›–Š‘•‡™‘”‹‰‹ –Š‡ ˆ‹‡Ž† ‘ˆ ‹–‡”…—Ž–—”ƒŽ ‡†—…ƒ–‹‘á ™‡ Šƒ˜‡ ‰”‡ƒ–‡” ”‡Ž‹ƒ„‹Ž‹–› ‘ –Š‡ä —” ‹•–‹–—–‹‘•á ‘—” •–ƒ–‹‘• –Šƒ– ™‘” ‹ ’‘’—Žƒ” ƒ† ƒŽ–‡”ƒ–‹˜‡ …‘æ —‹…ƒ–‹‘áˆ‘”‡šƒ’Ž‡ós âò‹˜‹Ž•‘…‹‡–›‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘•á‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘•ƒ† ˆ‘—†ƒ–‹‘•á •‘”‡˜‡™Š‡–Š‡›ƒ”‡‹š‡†ã’ƒ”–‘ˆ–Š‡•–ƒ–‡ƒ†ƒŽ•‘ ’ƒ”–‘ˆ–Š‡…‹˜‹Ž•‘…‹‡–›ótw ä Š‹”†Ž›á –Š‡ •‡…—”‹–› ˆ‘”…‡• ƒ† ”‡Ž‹‰‹‘—• ‹•–‹–—–‹‘•â ƒ’’‡ƒ”‹‰ ƒ••‘…‹ƒ–‡† ‹•‘‡ƒ•™‡”•ãò––Š‡Ž‡˜‡Ž‘ˆ‹•–‹–—–‹‘•á‹ˆ ƒƒ•‡†á  ™‘—Ž†•ƒ›–Š‡ ƒ”‡† ˆ‘”…‡•á –Š‡ ƒ–Š‘Ž‹… Š—”…Š ‰‡‡”ƒ–‡ –”—•– ‡ó y â òŠ‡ Š—”…Š ‰‡‡”ƒ–‡•‘”‡–”—•–‡áƒ›„‡–Šƒ–‹•„‡…ƒ—•‡ ƒ˜‡”›ƒ–Š‘Ž‹…ƒ†áƒ„‘˜‡ ƒŽŽá ‹– ‹• ƒ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘ –Šƒ– ‹• ˜‡”› „ƒ•‹… ƒ‘‰ –Š‡ •‘…‹‡–› –Šƒ– ‹••–‹ŽŽ



ˆƒ‹Ž›ótr ä Š‡á ™Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ƒ”‡ ƒ•‡† ƒ„‘—– –Š‡ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘• –Šƒ– ƒ”‡ •—‰‰‡•–‹˜‡ ‘ˆ Ž‡•• –”—•–á ‘”‡ –Šƒ ‘‡ –Š‹”† ‡š’”‡••‡† –Š‡‹” †‹•–”—•– ‘ˆ ’—„Ž‹… ‹•–‹æ –—–‹‘•á –Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡–á –Š‡ Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ–—”‡á–Š‡ Œ—†‹…‹ƒ”› ƒ† •‡…—”‹–› ˆ‘”…‡• uzáxx¨ ãòŠ‡’—„Ž‹…‹•–‹–—–‹‘‹‰‡‡”ƒŽótr âò‡”‡áƒ•‹• —†‡”•–ƒ†ƒæ „Ž‡á–Š‡™‘”‘ˆ–Š‡‹‹•–”›‘ˆ‡ƒŽ–Šá•‘‡–‹‡•ä –‹•Ž‹‡›‘—ƒ”‡„‡–™‡‡ƒ ”‘… ƒ† ƒ Šƒ”† ’Žƒ…‡ä Šƒ– ‹• ‘‡ •‹†‡ä Ž•‘á ‹ •‘‡ ™ƒ›• –Š‡”‡ ™ƒ• ƒ –‹‡‹™Š‹…Š –Š‡™‘” ‘ˆ á –Š‡‡–”ƒŽƒ‘ˆ…—ƒ†‘”á ™ƒ•…”‹–‹…‹•‡†ä ‘–Š‡” –Šƒ– …”‡ƒ–‡• †‹•–”—•– ‘ —•á ‹– …‘—Ž† „‡äää–Šƒ–ó z â òŠ‡ ‹‹•–”› ‘ˆ –‡”‹‘”–‘’’‹‰–Š‡Ž‹•–á–Š‡”‡•‹†‡…›á–Š‡‹‹•–”›‘ˆ ‹ƒ…‡á–Š‡—„Ž‹… ”‘…—”‡‡–›•–‡áዐ‹•–”›‘ˆ‘—”‹•áƒŽŽ–Š‘•‡ˆ‘”™Š‘Ž˜ƒæ ”ƒ†‘ Šƒ• ’ƒ••‡†á –Š‡ ‹‹•–”› ‘ˆ —•–‹…‡ œ‡”‘ …‘ˆ‹†‡…‡ ó ts  ò – ‹• ’ƒ‹æ ˆ—Ž –‘ •ƒ›á „—– –Š‡ •–ƒ–‡ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘•ó tx â òŠ‡ ’‘Ž‹…‡äää •‘‡ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘•äää  –Š‹ •‘á ”‹‰Š–ë ‘‡ Ž‘…ƒŽ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘•ó s â ò —•–‹…‡ó t â ò – …‘—Ž† „‡ –Š‡ Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹˜‡ ˆ—…–‹‘ó v â ò‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ’ƒ”–‹‡•ó y â ò —•–‹…‡á –Š‡ ••‡„Ž›ó tt â òŠ‡‹Ž‹–ƒ”›‹•–‹–—–‹‘óus ä ŽŽ’—„Ž‹…‹•–‹–—–‹‘• twázr¨

  uwáwr¨ Ž‘•–‘‡‘”˜‡”› ˆ‡™ xáwr¨

‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ’ƒ”–‹‡• uátr¨ ‡…—”‹–›ˆ‘”…‡• uátr¨

—•–‹…‡ uátr¨

‡†‹ƒ xáwr¨

Š‡‰‘˜‡”‡–ƒ† ‹–•‹–‹–—–‹‘• uátr¨ ‡Ž‹‰‹‘—•‹•–‹–—–‹‘• xáwr¨

”‹˜ƒ–‡‹•–‹–—–‹‘• uátr¨ uátr¨ ‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹˜‡ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘•

”ƒ’Š‹… tä ˆ –Š‡ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘• –Šƒ– ‡š‹•– ‹ …—ƒ†‘”á ™Š‹…Š ‘‡• ‰‡‡”ƒ–‡ Ž‡•• –”—•– ‹ ›‘—ë ‘—”…‡ã”‡’ƒ”‡†„›–Š‡ƒ—–Š‘”•†ƒ–ƒ‡š’”‡••‡†‹¨ ä

‹ƒŽŽ›á ‹– Š‹‰ŠŽ‹‰Š–• –Š‡ •…‡’–‹…‹• ‘ˆ •‘‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”‡•’‘†‡–• –‘ ƒŽŽ –›’‡• ‘ˆ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘ « ƒ‹Ž› ’—„Ž‹… « ƒ† –‘ …‡”–ƒ‹ ‡†‹ƒã ò‘‡á ƒ…–—ƒŽŽ›á ‘‡ä Šƒ– ‹•–‹–—–‹‘•á ƒ›„‡ ’”‹˜ƒ–‡á ›‡•á •‘‡–‹‡• –Š‡› …Ž‘•‡ —• –Š‡ †‘‘”•á „—–‹–Šƒ•„‡‡‰”ƒ†—ƒŽŽ›‘’‡‡†áƒ•–Š‡…Šƒ‡ŽŠƒ•‰”‘™äŠ‡›Šƒ˜‡ „‡‡ ‘’‡‡†á ‡•’‡…‹ƒŽŽ› ˆ‘” –Š‡ ˆƒ‹”‡•• –Šƒ– ™‡ ƒ”‡ ‰‹˜‹‰ ‹ ‡™•âƒ› †‘‘”• Šƒ˜‡ „‡‡ ‘’‡‡† –‘ —•á ‹ ˆƒ…–á ™‹–Š‹ •‡˜‡”ƒŽ …‘’ƒ‹‡• ƒ†



‹•–‹–—–‹‘•óx ä Š‡ ”‡•—Ž–• ‡šŠ‹„‹– –Š‡ Ž‘™ Ž‡˜‡Ž•‘ˆ –”—•– –Šƒ– ƒŽŽ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘• Šƒ˜‡ä Ž› ˆ‘—”‘ˆ–Š‡’ƒ••‡†á‡Œ‘›‹‰ƒ–”—•–‹†‡š‰”‡ƒ–‡”–Šƒw㏇†‹ƒwäzr á–Š‡ ƒ”›wäys á–Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡–wäuw ƒ†‹–‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘• wätu ä ˆ –Š‡ ƒŒ‘” ’‘™‡”• •‘æ…ƒŽŽ‡†ˆ—…–‹‘• ‹ …—ƒ†‘” á –Š‡ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡† Œ‘—”æ ƒŽ‹•–• •Š‘™ –Š‡‹” ˆ—ŽŽ –”—•– ‹ –Š‡ ‡š‡…—–‹˜‡á „—– ‘– ‹ –Š‡ Œ—†‹…‹ƒ”› väzy  ƒ†–Š‡Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ–—”‡ƒ••‡„Ž› vävw ä••‘…‹ƒ–‡†™‹–Š–Š‡•‡Ž‘™Ž‡˜‡Ž•‘ˆ–”—•– ‹–Š‡…‘•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ’‘™‡”•‹• –Š‡ˆƒ…––Šƒ–‹•–‹–—–‹‘•–Šƒ–‰‡‡”ƒ–‡Š‹‰Š‡” Ž‡˜‡Ž• ‘ˆ †‹•–”—•– ƒ”‡ ’‘Ž‹–‹…• uäzy á ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ’ƒ”–‹‡• uäsy  ƒ† ’‘Ž‹–‹…‹ƒ• uävt ä Š‡ Š‹‰Š Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘ˆ †‹•–”—•– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”‡•’‘†‡–• ‹ –Š‡ ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽƒ”‡ƒ ƒ† –Š‡ Š‹‰Š Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘ˆ …‘•‡•—• ‘ –Š‡ ƒ––‡” ‹• —†‡”Ž‹‡† •–ƒ†ƒ”† †‡˜‹ƒ–‹‘ásä{zá‹•–Š‡Ž‘™‡•–‘ˆƒŽŽ–Š‡˜ƒ”‹ƒ„Ž‡•ƒƒŽ›•‡† ä Š‡ ƒ”› ‡Œ‘›• –Š‡ Š‹‰Š‡•– Ž‡˜‡Ž• ‘ˆ –”—•– ƒŽ‘‰ ™‹–Š –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ƒ† ‹–‡”æ ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘•ä‘™‡˜‡”ዐ–Š‡…ƒ•‡‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒá–Š‡Š‹‰Š˜ƒŽ—‡‘ˆ–Š‡ •–ƒ†ƒ”††‡˜‹ƒ–‹‘täyt ”‡˜‡ƒŽ•ƒƒ”‡†’‘Žƒ”‹•ƒ–‹‘„‡–™‡‡”‡•’‘†‡–•ä ‡•’‹–‡–Š‡”‡Žƒ–‹˜‡Ž› Ž‘™Ž‡˜‡Ž•‘ˆ–”—•–‡Œ‘›‡†„› ’—„Ž‹…‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ–‹‘•á‹ ‰‡‡”ƒŽ –Š‡ ƒ‹ •‘—”…‡• ‘ˆ †‹•–”—•– …‘‡ ˆ”‘ ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ ‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘• « –Š‡ …‘’ƒ‹‡• väwt á ‡–”‡’”‡‡—”• uäzv  ƒ†  • väys á ”‡Ž‹‰‹‘—• Ž‡ƒ†‡”• uäyw ƒ†–”ƒ†‡—‹‘•uäyt ä



1

2

3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

A

SD

Media

4 10 1 6 0 10 5 4 5 5

5

9

5

8

1

8

7

8

4

9

9

5

8

10 1

8

7

3

8

2

4

5,80

2,72

Army

4 5 10 6 7 10 8 8 7 5

7

10 6

7

2

6

8

7

5

2

9

3

3

5

4

6

2

5

4

5

1

5,71

2,35

Government

3 5 10 7 8 10 7 8 7 5

1

9

6

5

1

1

4

6

10 4

6

3

1

5

2

7

3

5

8

8

4

5,35

2,78

International organizations

5 5

1 5 8 5 7 3 0 5

6

10 5

8

2

8

1

7

3

2

9

7

8

5

8

7

5

5

2

3

2

5,23

2,45

Judiciary

3 5 10 8 7 10 5 6 5 4

1

10 6

6

1

1

1

4

10 2

3

2

4

1

3

3

3

6

9

8

4

4,87

2,91

NGOs

6 5

1 5 4 5 5 5 5 4

5

9

5

8

2

8

1

5

1

7

9

5

6

1

7

7

5

5

1

3

1

4,71

2,39

Big companies

4 5

1 3 1 8 5 6 3 5

7

9

6

7

1

5

8

7

3

3

8

4

6

1

1

5

3

4

3

7

1

4,52

2,39

Assembly

3 5 10 4 5 10 2 7 5 5

1

10 6

7

1

1

1

2

10 4

7

2

2

1

1

4

4

3

5

6

4

4,45

2,83

Politics

3 10 1 4 3 5 1 5 5 4

9

8

6

5

3

1

1

2

4

1

5

2

3

1

2

3

3

6

3

8

3

3,87

2,4

Entrepreneurs

3 5

1 3 1 5 3 6 3 5

8

8

5

5

1

5

5

5

1

3

7

3

5

1

1

7

3

4

3

3

1

3,84

2,08

Religious leaders

5 5

1 4 1 5 8 7 5 3

7

10 8

1

3

5

1

3

1

7

0

3

3

1

1

0

3

0

1

2

1

3,75

2,59

Trade unions

5 5

1 4 7 5 4 2 5 3

5

9

6

7

1

8

5

2

1

1

0

3

3

1

3

1

3

0

2

5

1

3,72

2,25

Politicians

3 5

1 4 6 5 1 3 5 4

2

7

7

5

3

4

4

1

3

1

8

3

1

1

1

2

2

5

2

5

2

3,42

1,98

Political parties

3 5

1 4 1 5 1 4 0 3

8

7

7

4

1

4

1

1

3

1

8

2

1

1

1

2

2

4

3

5

2

3,17

2,17

ƒ„Ž‡ sä ”—•–Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘ˆ–Š‡‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡†Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ‹–Š‡‹•–‹–—–‹‘• ‘ˆ…—ƒ†‘” ‘—”…‡ã’”‡’ƒ”‡†„›–Š‡ƒ—–Š‘”•ä

&RQFOXVLRQV Š‡”‡•—Ž–••Š‘™ƒ„”‡ƒ†‘™‹–Š‡”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’„‡–™‡‡–Š‡‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡† Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•–Šƒ–ƒ”‡‹ˆƒ˜‘—”‘ˆ–Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡–ƒƒ‰‡‡–ƒ†–Š‘•‡ ƒ‰ƒ‹•– ‹–ä Šƒ– ‡š’‘•‡• –Š‡ •–”‘‰ ’‘Žƒ”‹œƒ–‹‘ ƒ† Ž‘™ Ž‡˜‡Ž• ‘ˆ –”—•– „‡–™‡‡ –Š‡•‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ•á ”‡ˆŽ‡…–‹‰ –Š‡ …‘ˆ”‘–ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ •–ƒ…‡ –Šƒ– †‡ˆ‹‡•–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡‘ˆ…—ƒ†‘”ä Š‹• …‘…Ž—•‹‘ Šƒ• …‘‡ ˆ”‘ –Š”‡‡ ˆ‹†‹‰•ã s  ’‡ “—‡•–‹‘• ‘ˆˆ‡” …‘ˆŽ‹…–‹‰ ƒ† ‹…‘•‹•–‡– ”‡•—Ž–• ‹ „‘–Š …ƒ•‡• –Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡–á ’—„Ž‹… „‘†‹‡•ƒ†–Š‡”‡•‹†‡–‘ˆ–Š‡‡’—„Ž‹…ƒ’’‡ƒ”ƒ•‹•–‹–—–‹‘•™‹–ŠŠ‹‰Š‡”ƒ† Ž‘™‡”Ž‡˜‡Ž•‘ˆ–”—•– ä



t Ž–Š‘—‰Š ‹ –Š‡ …Ž‘•‡† “—‡•–‹‘• –Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡– ‡Œ‘›• –Š‡ Š‹‰Š‡•– Ž‡˜‡Ž• ‘ˆ –”—•–á ƒ† –Š‡ Œ—†‹…‹ƒŽ ƒ† Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹˜‡ ’‘™‡”• Š‘Ž† ƒ˜‡”ƒ‰‡ ˜ƒŽ—‡•á –Š‡› Šƒ˜‡ –Š‡ Š‹‰Š‡•– Ž‡˜‡Ž• ‘ˆ •–ƒ†ƒ”† †‡˜‹ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ƒŽŽ –Š‡ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘• ‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‡†äŠ‹•…‹”…—•–ƒ…‡”‡ˆŽ‡…–•–Š‡Š‹‰Š†‹••‡–ƒ‘‰–Š‡”‡•’‘†‡–•ä † u  –Š‡ ‡“—‹–ƒ„Ž‡ †‹•–”‹„—–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ •ƒ’Ž‡ ‡š’Žƒ‹• –Š‹• ’ƒ”ƒ†‘š‹…ƒŽ •‹–—ƒ–‹‘„ƒ•‡†‘‘™‡”•Š‹’‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒ™Š‡”‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•™‘”« ’—„Ž‹…á ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ ƒ† …‘—‹–›ä Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡á ™‡ …ƒ …‘ˆ‹”á ƒ• …ƒ—• s{{v ‡š’Žƒ‹‡†á –Šƒ– ‹ ‡†‹ƒ •–ƒ–‡æ‘™‡† ‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘•á –Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡– Šƒ•ƒ ‰”‡ƒ–‡”‹ˆŽ—‡…‡‘–Š‡‡†‹–‘”‹ƒŽƒƒ‰‡‡–䊗•áŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•Šƒ˜‡–‘„‡ Ž‡••…”‹–‹…ƒŽƒ†Šƒ˜‡‰”‡ƒ–‡”–”—•–‹’—„Ž‹…‹•–‹–—–‹‘•ä •–‡ƒ†áŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ™‘”‹‰‹’”‹˜ƒ–‡‡†‹ƒ”‡Ž›Ž‡••‘’—„Ž‹…ƒ†‹‹•–”ƒ–‹‘ƒ†…‘†—…–ვ …‘ˆ‹”‡†„›•‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡†Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•á’”‘†—…‹‰‡™•…‘˜‡”ƒ‰‡ ƒ‹‡†ƒ––Š‡‡‡†•‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ”‡–ä Š‡•‡”‡•—Ž–•…‘–”ƒ†‹…–’ƒ”–‹ƒŽŽ›–Šƒ–‹†‡–‹ˆ‹‡†„›ƒ‹–œ•…Šƒ†‡”‰ƒœƒ trst ™Š‘•–ƒ–‡–Šƒ––Š‡Ž‡˜‡Ž‘ˆ–”—•–‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•‹’—„Ž‹…‹•–‹–—–‹‘•†‘‡• ‘–˜ƒ”›‰”‡ƒ–Ž›„‡–™‡‡–Š‡†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–‡™•‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘•‘ˆƒ…‘—–”›ä –Š‡ …ƒ•‡‘ˆ…—ƒ†‘”ᆇ•’‹–‡–Š‡…‘ˆ”‘–ƒ–‹‘„‡–™‡‡–Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡–ƒ†–Š‡ ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ ‡†‹ƒá Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• –‡† –‘ ”‡Ž› ‘”‡ ‘ ’—„Ž‹… ‹•–‹–—–‹‘• –Šƒ ‘ ’”‹˜ƒ–‡‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘•äŠ—•áƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š–Š‡”‡‹•‹–Š‡…‘—–”›ƒ…‘–‡š–‹™Š‹…Š –Š‡ ‹†‡ƒ –Šƒ– ’”‡•• ˆ”‡‡†‘ ‹• ‹ Œ‡‘’ƒ”†› „‡…ƒ—•‡ ‘ˆ ƒ…–‹‘• ‘ˆ …‡”–ƒ‹ ”‡‰—Žƒ–‘”› „‘†‹‡• ‰ƒ‹‹‰ •–”‡‰–Š   ƒ†  á –Š‡

‘˜‡”‡–ƒ†‘–Š‡”’—„Ž‹…‹•–‹–—–‹‘•ƒ”‡’‡”…‡‹˜‡†ƒ•‘”‡”‡Ž‹ƒ„Ž‡ä Š‡‡š’Žƒƒ–‹‘–Šƒ–…ƒ„‡‘ˆˆ‡”‡†áˆ‹”•–Ž›á…‘‡•ˆ”‘–Š‡‹ˆŽ—‡…‡•ˆ”‘–Š‡ ò•›•–‡•Ž‡˜‡ŽóŽŽ‡”ƒ†‡‹‡”átrst á•‹…‡—–‹Ž–Š‡ƒ””‹˜ƒŽ‘ˆ–Š‡…—””‡–

‘˜‡”‡–á–Š‡‡…‘‘‹…ƒ†’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ•‹–—ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡…‘—–”›™ƒ•†‡ˆ‹‡† „›‹•–ƒ„‹Ž‹–›ƒ†–”ƒ—ƒ–‹…ƒ†•—††‡…Šƒ‰‡•ä ƒ††‹–‹‘á–Š‡‡†‹ƒ™‡”‡ ‘™‡†„›˜‡”›ˆ‡™ˆƒ‹Ž‹‡•™Š‘—•‡†–Š‡–‘–Š‡‹”ƒ†˜ƒ–ƒ‰‡äŠ‹•‹•…‘—’Ž‡† ™‹–Š–Š‡…—””‡–•‘…‹ƒŽ‹•–ა–‹æ…ƒ’‹–ƒŽ‹•–’‘Ž‹–‹…•ƒ†–Š‡•’‡‡…Š‹ˆƒ˜‘”‘ˆ–Š‡ ò…‘‘‰‘‘†ó’”‘’‘•‡†„›ƒˆƒ‡Ž‘””‡ƒï• ‘˜‡”‡–ä‘—†‡”•–ƒ†–Š‹• ’Š‡‘‡‘á™‡—•–ƒŽ•‘–ƒ‡‹–‘ƒ……‘—––Š‡•’‡…‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘•‘ˆ‡†‹ƒƒ† ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ•›•–‡‘ˆ–Š‡…‘—–”›ƒŽŽ‹ƒ†ƒ…‹‹átrrv⎄—“—‡”“—‡átrstá Šƒ˜‡”‘ƒ†ŽŽ‡”átrsw ä †á •‡…‘†Ž›á ‹– ‹• ‡š’Žƒ‹‡† ƒ– –Š‡ ò‹•–‹–—–‹‘ Ž‡˜‡Žó „‡…ƒ—•‡ ‹ˆ –Š‡ ‘ ˜‡”‡–…—””‡–Ž›‡Œ‘›•‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡Š‹‰Š‡•–Ž‡˜‡Ž•‘ˆ–”—•–á‹–…‘—Ž†„‡†—‡–‘ ƒ‘’–‹ƒŽ‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ’‡”ˆ‘”ƒ…‡‹™Š‹…Š–Š‡‹’ƒ…–‘–Š‡’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘ Šƒ•…ƒ—•‡†Ž‡˜‡Ž•‘ˆ–”—•–ƒ†…‘ˆ‹†‡…‡–Šƒ–†‹”‡…–Ž›ƒˆˆ‡…– –Š‡‹”•—„Œ‡…–‹˜‡ ’‡”…‡’–‹‘ ‘ˆ ™‡Žˆƒ”‡â Œ—•– ƒ• ”‡› ƒ† –—–œ‡” trrt  ƒ† —†•‘ trrx  •Š‘™‡†ä 

‡•’‹–‡‹–ᑐ‡…ƒ‘–‹‰‘”‡–Šƒ––”—•–‹†‡š‡•ƒ”‡˜‡”›Ž‘™«‹Ž‹‡™‹–Š–Š‡ •‘…‹ƒŽ ƒ† ‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ †‹•–”—•– ‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘” ƒ† ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒä Š‡ ’‘Ž‹–‹…‹•ƒ–‹‘ ‹ ’ƒ”– ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ‹ –Š‡ …‘—–”› …ƒ—•‡• Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• –‘ Šƒ˜‡ Š‹‰Š Ž‡˜‡Ž• ‘ˆ †‹•–”—•– †‡•’‹–‡ –Š‡ ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ƒˆƒ‡Ž ‘””‡ƒ Šƒ• •‡”˜‡† ‡‹‰Š– ›‡ƒ”•‹‘ˆˆ‹…‡‹trsw ƒ†‡…‘‘‹…•–ƒ„‹Ž‹–›srtä•’‡…––Šƒ–…‘””‘„‘”ƒ–‡•‹ …—ƒ†‘”–Š‡”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’†‡•…”‹„‡†„›ƒ’„‡ŽŽtrrv ᙊ‡”‡•‘…‹‡–‹‡•™‹–Š ˜‡”› Ž‘™ Ž‡˜‡Ž• ‘ˆ ‹–‡”’‡”•‘ƒŽ –”—•– …ƒ—•‡ ƒ Š‹‰Š †‡‰”‡‡ ‘ˆ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ †‹•–”—•–䊋•†ƒ–ƒ…‘ˆ‹”•–Šƒ–‘„–ƒ‹‡†„›ƒ‹–œ•…Šƒ†‡”‰ƒœƒtrst „› •Š‘™‹‰ •‘‡ ‰‡‡”ƒŽ ’ƒ––‡”• ‹ ™Š‹…Š Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• –‡† –‘ „‡ ‘”‡ –”—•–‹‰‹‡•–‡”…‘—–”‹‡•–Šƒ‹–Š‡ò‘ó‡•–‡”…‘–‡š–•«ƒ•‹•–Š‡ …ƒ•‡‘ˆ…—ƒ†‘”䊇›ƒŽ•‘’‘•‡ƒ…—ƒ†‘”‹ƒŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡ƒ™ƒ›ˆ”‘ –Š‡ †‡‘…”ƒ–‹…æ…‘”’‘”ƒ–‹•– ‘†‡Ž ™Š‡ …‘æ ’ƒ”‹‰ –Š‹• ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š ™‹–Š –Š‡ ”‡•—Ž–• ‘„–ƒ‹‡† „› ”ƒ–• ƒ† …‘ŽŽä trsr  ƒ† ˜ƒ ƒŽ‡á Ž„§ ƒ† †‡ ”‡‡•‡ trss  ‹ ‘ŽŽƒ†ä Š‡•‡ ƒ—–Š‘”• ‘–‡ –Šƒ– –Š‡‹” ˆ‹†‹‰• †‘ ‘– ‹†‹…ƒ–‡ ƒ …”‹–‹…ƒŽ ƒ––‹–—†‡ –‘™ƒ”†• ’‘Ž‹–‹…‹ƒ• ‹ †‡‘…”ƒ–‹…æ…‘”’‘”ƒ–‹•– …‘—–”‹‡•…ƒ””‹‡•…›‹…‹•ƒ††‹•–”—•–ä …—ƒ†‘”–Š‡”‡•—Ž–•ˆ—ŽŽ›•Š‘™–Š‡ ‘’’‘•‹–‡á•‹…‡’‘Ž‹–‹…‹ƒ•ƒ†’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ’ƒ”–‹‡•Šƒ˜‡–Š‡Ž‘™‡•–Ž‡˜‡Ž•‘ˆ–”—•– „‡–™‡‡–Š‡‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡†Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ä •‡–‹‘‡†‹–Š‡’”‡˜‹‘—•’ƒ”ƒ‰”ƒ’Šá–Š‡‹•–‹–—–‹‘•™‹–ŠŽ‘™‡”Ž‡˜‡Ž•‘ˆ –”—•– ƒ”‡ ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ‰”‘—’•á ’‘Ž‹–‹…‹ƒ• ƒ† —‹‘•á …‘‘ ”‡•—Ž–• ‹ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ ƒ† —”‘’‡ä Š‹• –”‡† ‹• ‹ŽŽ—•–”ƒ–‡† „› †ƒ–ƒ ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ƒ–‹æ ‘„ƒ”׏‡–”‘trss …‘…‡”‹‰–Š‡…‹–‹œ‡•ï–”—•–‹–Š‡ƒ‹‹•–‹–—–‹‘•‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘”ä ‡…‡á ‹– ‹• •Š‘™ –Šƒ– ’—„Ž‹… •‘…‹ƒŽ ’‡”…‡’–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‹•–”—•– ‹• ”‡ˆŽ‡…–‡†‹–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹…’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ä‹•–”—•––Šƒ–‹•ƒ••‘…‹ƒ–‡†™‹–Š–Š‡Žƒ… ‘ˆ †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– ‘ˆ ò‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ –”—•–ó ‘” ò‹’‡”•‘ƒŽó –”—•– ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• Š‘†›ƒ‘˜átrry ƒ†áƒ•ƒ‘•trsu ƒˆˆ‹”•á–Š‡‹•‘Žƒ–‹‘ƒ†‹˜‹•‹„‹Ž‹–› ‘ˆ‹•–‹–—–‹‘•ä …—ƒ†‘”™‡…ƒ•’‡ƒ‘ˆƒòŠ›„”‹†‹•ƒ–‹‘‡ˆˆ‡…–󄇖™‡‡–Š‡Š‹‰Š”ƒ–‡•‘ˆ …”‡†‹„‹Ž‹–›‹†‡‘…”ƒ…›á–Š‡‹ƒ‰‡‘ˆ’”‘‰”‡••«–Šƒ–…—ƒ†‘”‹ƒ…‹–‹œ‡•Šƒ˜‡ —†‡” –Š‡ ƒ–‹‘„ƒ”׏‡–”‘ trsu  « ƒ† –Š‡ Š‹‰Š †‡‰”‡‡ ‘ˆ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ †‹•–”—•– ‘ˆ ”‡•’‘†‡–•ä Š‡ ˆ”—‹– ‘ˆ –Š‹• ‹š–—”‡ •Š‘™• ƒ †‡‘…”ƒ…› ‹ ƒ ’”‘…‡•• ‘ˆ ƒ–—”‹‰ –Šƒ– —•– „‡ Ž‘†‰‡† „ƒ•‡† ‘ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ –”—•–á …‘‘’‡”ƒ–‹‘á‹–‡‰”ƒ–‹‘ƒ†•–ƒ„‹Ž‹–›äŠ—•á…—ƒ†‘”•Š‘—Ž†–”›áƒ•ƒ‡•–ƒ† trrz á‘–Š•–‡‹ƒ†‡trr{ ƒ†ƒ‘ƒ†…‘ŽŽätrsv ‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡†‹–Š‡‹” •–—†‹‡•á–‘ƒ…Š‹‡˜‡Š‹‰ŠŽ‡˜‡Ž•‘ˆ•‘…‹ƒŽƒ†‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ–”—•––‘‡Œ‘›ƒ„‡––‡”

‘˜‡”‡–ƒ†…‘–‹—‘—•ƒ†•–ƒ„Ž‡‡…‘‘‹…†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–á„—––Š‡™ƒ›–‘ ƒ…Š‹‡˜‡–Š‹•‹••–‹ŽŽ‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡‰”‡ƒ–—‘™•ä



Š‡’‡”…‡’–‹‘–Šƒ–…‹–‹œ‡•‹…—ƒ†‘”Šƒ˜‡áƒ……‘”†‹‰–‘ƒ–‹‘„ƒ”×揇–”‘ trss ᑈ–Š‡‡†‹ƒ‹•“—‹–‡†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–ˆ”‘–Šƒ–‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡†‹ –Š‹• •–—†›á ™Š‹…Š ‹• …‘•‹•–‡–á „‡…ƒ—•‡ –Š‡› ’”‘Œ‡…– –Š‡•‡Ž˜‡• ƒ• ‡†‹ƒä Š‹Ž‡–Š‡…‹–‹œ‡•’”‹ƒ”‹Ž›…‘•‹†‡”–Š‡‡†‹ƒ—”‡Ž‹ƒ„Ž‡á”‡•’‘†‡–•’Žƒ…‡ –Š‡ƒ•‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘•™‹–ŠŠ‹‰Š‡””‡Ž‹ƒ„‹Ž‹–›á•‘–Šƒ–Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•‹…—ƒ†‘”ƒ”‡ ˆƒ…‹‰™Šƒ–‘™‡ŽŽtrsv †‡ˆ‹‡•ƒ•–Š‡ò…ŠƒŽŽ‡‰‡‘ˆ”‡Ž‹ƒ„‹Ž‹–›óä ‹ƒŽŽ›á™‡…‘…Ž—†‡„›‡’Šƒ•‹•‹‰–Š‡ˆƒ…––Šƒ––Š‡ƒ••‡••‡–‘ˆ†‹• –”—•– ƒ– –Š‡ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ Ž‡˜‡Ž …ƒ ‘Ž› „‡ ƒƒŽ›•‡† ‹ ƒ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽá •‘…‹ƒŽ ƒ† …—Ž–—”ƒŽ‹…”‘ ‡•‘ ƒ…”‘…‘–‡š––‘—†‡”•–ƒ†–Š‡”‡ƒ•‘ˆ‘”–Š‡”‡•—Ž–•ä ‘–‡š–—ƒŽ‹•‡† •–—†‹‡• ‡šƒ‹‹‰ ’‡”‹’Š‡”ƒŽ …‘—–”‹‡•á †‡ˆ‹‡† ƒ• ‹–‡”‡†‹ƒ–‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡•á Š‡Ž’ –‘ —†‡”•–ƒ† –Š‡ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’ „‡ –™‡‡ –Š‡ ‘–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‹–‡”’‡”•‘ƒŽá ‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽá •‘…‹ƒŽ ƒ† ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ –”—•– ‰Ž‘„ƒŽŽ›ä ˜‡ ‘”‡ •‘ ™Š‡ ‹˜‡•–‹‰ƒ–‹‘• •—…Š ƒ• –Š‡ ‘‡ ‘ˆ ‘Ž…œ›•ƒ trst  •Š‘™ Š‘™ –”—•– ‹ ’—„Ž‹… ‹•–‹–—–‹‘• ‹ •‘‡ —”‘’‡ƒ …‘—–”‹‡• …Ž‡ƒ”Ž›†‹˜‡”‰‡•ˆ”‘–Š‡–›’‹…ƒŽ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’‘ˆ–Š‡†‡‘…”ƒ–‹……‘—–”‹‡•™‹–Š ƒ”‡–‡…‘‘‹‡•ä‘†ƒ›‹–‹•”‡“—‹”‡†–Šƒ––Š‡…‘’ƒ”ƒ–‹˜‡‡’‹”‹…ƒŽ•–—†‹‡• ‡šƒ‹‹‰ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ –”—•– ˆ‘…—• ‘ –Š‡ ‘æ‡•–‡” …‘—–”‹‡• ™‹–Š †‡˜‡Ž‘’‹‰ †‡‘…”ƒ…‹‡• ƒ† ‡…‘‘‹… •›•–‡• –Šƒ– †‹ˆˆ‡” ˆ”‘ Ž‹„‡”ƒŽ ’ƒ”ƒ‡–‡”•ä —†ƒ‡–ƒŽŽ›„‡…ƒ—•‡™‡•–‹ŽŽ‘™˜‡”›Ž‹––Ž‡ƒ„‘—––Š‡ˆƒ…–‘”• –Šƒ– †‡–‡”‹‡ –Š‡ Ž‡˜‡Ž• ‘ˆ –”—•– ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ‹ ”‡‰‹‘• •—…Š ƒ• ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒƒ†‹…‘—–”‹‡••—…Šƒ•…—ƒ†‘”ä





‘…Ž—•‹‘• Š‹• „‘‘ Šƒ• ‡š’‘•‡†á ˆ‹”•–Ž›á ƒ –Š‡‘”‡–‹…ƒŽ ƒƒŽ›•‹• ‘ˆ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ ‘ˆ ƒ–‹ ‡”‹…ƒ ƒ† …—ƒ†‘” ƒ†á •‡…‘†Ž›á –Š‡ ”‡•—Ž–• ‘ˆ –Š‡

‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹…—Ž–—”‡‘ˆ…—ƒ†‘”  ’”‘Œ‡…–ä’‡…‹ˆ‹…ƒŽŽ›á–Š‡ ’”‘Œ‡…– Šƒ•ˆ‘…—•‡†‘–Š‡…‘–‡š–—ƒŽ•–—†›‘ˆ–Š‡’‡”…‡’–‹‘‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•‘ˆ –Š‡ †‹‡•‹‘•‘ˆ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–›á’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ”‘Ž‡•á‡–Š‹…ƒŽ‰—‹†‡Ž‹‡•á’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘æ ƒŽƒ—–‘‘›á–”—•–Ž‡˜‡Ž•ƒ†‹ˆŽ—‡…‡•äŠ‡”‡•—Ž–••Š‘™ƒŠ›„”‹† ƒ† Š‡–‡”‘‰‡‡‘—•’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ…—Ž–—”‡‹™Š‹…Š–Š‡…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹…•‘ˆ …—ƒæ †‘”ƒ†–Š‡ƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒ”‡‰‹‘ƒ†–Š‡…‘‘ƒ•’‡…–•–‘‘–Š‡”™‘”Ž† ”‡‰‹‘•‹–‡””‡Žƒ–‡äŠ‡”‡ˆ‘”‡áƒ‘’‡†‡„ƒ–‡‹•†‡Ž˜‡†‹–‘ƒ„‘—–s  –Š‡ ‡š‹•–‡…‡‘ˆƒ‰Ž‘„ƒŽŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–Šƒ–•Šƒ”‡•ƒ…‘‘‹†‡‘Ž‘‰›„ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡ …‘˜‡”‰‡…‡ ‘ˆ ‰—‹†‡Ž‹‡• ƒ† Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… ’”ƒ…–‹…‡• ƒ† ƒ …‘‘ —†‡”•–ƒ†‹‰‘ˆ–Š‡’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘áƒ†t –Š‡‹†‡ƒ‘ˆƒò—‹“—‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ó™‹–Š‹†‡–‹ˆ›‹‰ˆ‡ƒ–—”‡•†‡ˆ‹‡†„›–Š‡…‘–‡š–ä Š‡ ”‡•—Ž–• Ž‡ƒ† –Š‡ †‹•…—••‹‘ –‘ –Š‡ ’‘‹– –Šƒ– ’”‘’‘•‡• ƒ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡‹ƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒƒ†…—ƒ†‘”–Šƒ–†‹ˆˆ‡”•ˆ”‘–Š‡‡•–‡” •–ƒæ †ƒ”†•á‹™Š‹…Š–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–ˆ‘”•ƒ‹•‡’ƒ”ƒ„Ž‡’ƒ”–‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒá’‘Ž‹æ –‹…ƒŽá…—Ž–—”ƒŽá‡…‘‘‹…ƒ†•‘…‹ƒŽŽƒ†•…ƒ’‡äŠ‡•‡’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ•„‡…‘‡ ƒƒ‰‡”• ƒ† •›„‘Ž‹… ’”‘†—…‡”• ƒ† …”‡ƒ–‘”• ‘ˆ ‡ƒ‹‰• –Šƒ– ƒ‡ •‡•‡‘ˆ–Š‡†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–…—ƒ†‘”‹ƒ•–”—…–—”‡•ä Š”‘—‰Š–Š‡ƒ––‡’––‘„”‡ƒ–Š‡–Š‡‘”› ’”ƒ…–‹…‡‰ƒ’ƒ†–Š‡Žƒ—…Š‘ˆ ƒ …‘–‡š–—ƒŽ‹•‡† ”‡•‡ƒ”…Šá –Š‡ ƒ…ƒ†‡‹… ƒ† ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ †‹•…‘—”•‡• Šƒ˜‡ „‡‡‹–‡‰”ƒ–‡†ä‘–‘Ž›ˆ”‘–Š‡‹†‡–‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘ƒ†‹•‘Žƒ–‡†…Žƒ••‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆƒ’ƒ”–‹…—Žƒ”‰”‘—’‘ˆ†‹‡•‹‘•–Šƒ–†‡ˆ‹‡ƒ–›’‡‘ˆ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽá „—– –Š”‘—‰Š–Š‡‹’Ž‡‡–ƒ–‹‘‘ˆƒ•›•–‡„ƒ•‡†‘’”‘…‡†—”ƒŽ”‹…Š‡••ƒ† †‹˜‡”•‹–›‘ˆ˜‹‡™•–Šƒ–ƒ‡•–‹œ‘ƒ–‹‡”‹…ƒƒ†…—ƒ†‘”‹ƒ Œ‘—”ƒæ Ž‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ Šƒ• •Š‘™á ‡ƒƒ–‹‰ ˆ”‘ –Š‡ –›’‹…ƒŽ …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹…• ‘ˆ ƒ †‹˜‡”•‡”‡‰‹‘‘ˆ’‡‘’Ž‡•áƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‹–‹‡•áŠ‡”‹–ƒ‰‡á–‡””‹–‘”‹‡•áƒ†•‘‘áƒ† †‡ˆ‹‡†„›‹–•‹–‡”ƒ†—Ž–‹…—Ž–—”ƒŽ…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”ä  Š‡…—””‡–‡†‹ƒŽƒ†•…ƒ’‡‹…—ƒ†‘”trsw ‹•’”‡•‡–‡†ƒ•Ž‡†„›–Š‡ ’”‹˜ƒ–‡‡†‹ƒá™Š‡”‡‘•–‘ˆ–Š‡…‘—–”›ï•Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•™‘”ä‡ƒŽ‹–› –Šƒ– …‘–”ƒ•–•™‹–Š–Š‡’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽƒ†…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ’”‘’‘•ƒŽ‘ˆƒˆƒ‡Ž‘””‡ƒá „ƒ•‡†‘ƒƒ”‡–”‡•–”—…–—”‹‰ƒ†–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹…’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘‹ ™Š‹…Š



–Š‡ …—””‡– ‘˜‡”‡– ‹• ‹…”‡ƒ•‹‰Ž› ’”‡•‡– ‹ –Š‡ ‘”‰ƒ‹•ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒä  ’”‘’‘•ƒŽ –Šƒ– Šƒ• …ƒ—•‡†á ƒ† …ƒ—•‡•á ƒ‘‰ ‡†‹ƒáŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•á’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽƒ…–‘”•ƒ† ‘˜‡”‡–ƒ†‹”‡…–…‘ˆ”‘–ƒ–‹‘á –‡•‹‘ƒ†’‘Žƒ”‹œƒ–‹‘ä –Š‹•‡…‘•›•–‡á…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹œ‡†„›ƒ’”‘…‡••‘ˆ…Šƒ‰‡–Šƒ–‰‡‡”ƒ–‡•ƒ ‡†‹ƒ‘†‡Ž–Šƒ–ˆƒ‹Ž•–‘„‡ƒ……‡’–‡†„›‡‹–Š‡”’ƒ”–›á–Š‡”‡ƒ”‡ƒ……—•ƒ–‹‘• †‹”‡…–‡†ƒ–ãs –Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡–ˆ‘”–‡…Š‘æ’‘’—Ž‹•–’”ƒ…–‹…‡•ƒ†”ƒ†‹…ƒŽ‹œƒæ –‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡†‹•…‘—”•‡‘ˆ…‘ˆ”‘–ƒ–‹‘áƒ†t –Š‡‡†‹ƒˆ‘”‹’‡”‹ƒŽ‹•–ƒ† ‘‘’‘Ž‹•–‹…ƒ––‹–—†‡•äŠ‡•‡‡‡”‰‡…‹‡•ƒ‡‡…‡••ƒ”›–Š‡†‡˜‡Ž‘’‹‰ ‘ˆƒ‘†‡Žƒ‰”‡‡†ƒ†•—’’‘”–‡†„›ƒ•–”‘‰á’Ž—”ƒŽ‹•–‹…†‡‘…”ƒ…›–Šƒ– ’”‡˜‡–•‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ•ƒ†‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ’”‹˜‹Ž‡‰‡•‘ˆ…‡”–ƒ‹•‡…–‘”•ä Š‡”‡ˆ‘æ ”‡á’—„Ž‹…’‘Ž‹…‹‡•’”‘’‘•‡†„›ƒˆƒ‡Ž‘””‡ƒá„ƒ•‡†‘†‡‘…”ƒ–‹œƒ–‹‘‘ˆ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘á—•–„‡„ƒŽƒ…‡†™‹–Š–ƒ–‡‘„Ž‹‰ƒ–‹‘•‹…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘æ ƒŽƒ––‡”•ƒ†–Š‡”‹‰Š–•‘ˆ…‹–‹œ‡•ƒ†‡†‹ƒ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ•ä ‹…‡ –Š‡ ƒ†‘’–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘• ƒ™ trsu  ‹ …—ƒ†‘” •‘‡ ‹‹–‹ƒ–‹˜‡• Šƒ˜‡ „‡‡ Žƒ—…Š‡†á ‘– ™‹–Š‘—– …‘–”‘˜‡”•›á „ƒ•‡† ‘ ‰”‡ƒ–‡” –”ƒ•’ƒ”‡…›á…‹–‹œ‡’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‹‘á”‡†‹•–”‹„—–‹‘‘ˆ”ƒ†‹‘•’‡…–”—á…”‡ƒ–‹‰ …‘–”‘Ž ƒ‰‡…‹‡• ƒ† –ƒ–‡ ”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘á ‡–…äá ƒ„Ž‡ –‘ „”‡ƒ –Š‡ Ž‹•„‡–™‡‡ –Š‡ ‡…‘‘‹… ƒ† –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ ’‘™‡”ä ”‰ƒ‹œƒ–‹‘• •—…Š ƒ•   ƒ† ‡š‡”…‹•‡ˆ—…–‹‘•‘ˆ•—’‡”˜‹•‹‘á‘‹–‘”‹‰á”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘á…‘–”‘Ž ƒ† •ƒ…–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒä —…–‹‘• –Šƒ– Šƒ˜‡ Ž‡† –Š‡ Žƒ––‡”–‘ ‡–‡” ‹–‘ ƒ ’”‘…‡•• ‘ˆ ’”‘‰”‡••‹˜‡ Ž‘•• ‘ˆƒ—–‘‘› ƒ† •‡Žˆ ”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘ä ‡‘ˆ–Š‡•‡‹‹–‹ƒ–‹˜‡•Žƒ—…Š‡†‹trsv„› ™ƒ•–Š‡’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘æ ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• –Šƒ– ‹†‡–‹ˆ‹‡• –Š‡ ƒ”‡ƒ• ƒ† –Š‡ ˜ƒ”‹ƒ„Ž‡• –Šƒ– †‡–‡”‹‡–Š‡’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ä‘™‡˜‡”á–Š‹•’”‘…‡••†‘‡•‘–…‘•‹†‡”Œ‘—”ƒæ Ž‹• ƒ• ƒ †‹˜‡”•‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘á ‹ ™Š‹…Š „‹ƒ•‡† ƒ† ‘æƒ‰”‡‡† …Žƒ••‹ˆ‹…ƒæ –‹‘••Š‘—Ž†ƒ˜‘‹††‡ˆ‹‹‰Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•áƒ‹‰ƒ…Žƒ••‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒæ Ž‹•–•ˆ”‘‰Ž‘„ƒŽƒ†•–ƒ†ƒ”†‹œ‡†•–ƒ†ƒ”†•–Šƒ–†‘‡•–ƒ‡‹–‘ ƒ……‘—– ‡‹–Š‡”–Š‡…‘–‡š–—ƒŽ”‡ƒŽ‹–›‘ˆ…—ƒ†‘”–‘†ƒ›‘”–Š‡’”‘•’‡…–‹˜‡‹†‡ƒ‘ˆ –Š‡’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ä –Š‹•’”‘…‡••‘ˆ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•á–Š‡”‘Ž‡ ‰‹˜‡„› –Š‡

‘˜‡”‡––‘—‹˜‡”•‹–‹‡•ƒ•–”ƒ‹‹‰á‡†—…ƒ–‹‘ƒ†…‡”–‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘ „‘†‹‡• ‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•Šƒ•’Žƒ…‡†–Š‡ƒ•‡›’Žƒ›‡”•‹–Š‡’”‘…‡••ä‰ƒ‹á–Š‡•‡ ƒ…–‹‘•ƒ”‡…ƒ—•‹‰ƒ’‘Žƒ”‹œƒ–‹‘‡ˆˆ‡…–‘–Š‡’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘„‡…ƒ—•‡‘ˆ –Š‡ Ž‡‰ƒŽ”‡“—‹”‡‡––‘Šƒ˜‡ƒ—‹˜‡”•‹–›†‡‰”‡‡ «‹–Š‡•’‡…‹ƒŽ–›‘ˆ‘…‹ƒŽ



‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘‘” ‘—”ƒŽ‹•«–‘’”ƒ…–‹…‡–Š‡’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘â•–ƒ†‹‰ƒ–‘‡ •‹†‡–Š‡ò‡’‹”‹…ƒŽóŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ƒ†‘–Š‡‘–Š‡”–Š‡ò‰”ƒ†—ƒ–‡•óä Ž–Š‘—‰Š –Š‹• ’”‘…‡•• ‘ˆ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• Žƒ—…Š‡† ‹ …—ƒ†‘”„›–Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡–á–Š‡Š‹•–‘”‹…ƒŽŽƒ…‘ˆ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹†‡–‹–›ƒ† ‹‹—…‘†‹–‹‘•«™ƒ‰‡áƒ—–‘‘›á’”‡•–‹‰‡á‡–…ä«‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• †‡æ –‡”‹‡ƒ…ƒ”‡‡”„‡•‡–„›’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽƒ†‡…‘‘‹…’‘™‡”™Š‡”‡ ’Ž—”ƒŽ‹•á •‡…—”‹–›ƒ†‹†‡’‡†‡…‡‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒƒ”‡‹“—‡•–‹‘ä‡‡šƒ’Ž‡‘ˆ –Š‹•‹•–Š‡’”‘’‘•ƒŽ–Šƒ–Šƒ•„‡‡†‡„ƒ–‡†•‹…‡trsv™‹–Š‹–Š‡Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹˜‡ „‘†›™Š‹…Š‹–‡†•–‘ƒ‡…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ƒ’—„Ž‹…•‡”˜‹…‡á„‡…‘‹‰ ƒ ˆ—†ƒ‡–ƒŽ•–”ƒ–‡‰‹…ƒ••‡–‘ˆ–Š‡’‘Ž‹…›‘ˆ–Š‡‡š‡…—–‹˜‡„‘†›ä ‡‰ƒ”†‹‰ –Š‡ ”‡•—Ž–• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡’‹”‹…ƒŽ ™‘” ‘ˆ –Š‡  ’”‘Œ‡…–á ”‡•’‘†‡–• …‘•‹†‡” –‡…Š‘Ž‘‰› ƒ• –Š‡ ƒ‹ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡ –Šƒ– †‡–‡”‹‡• –Š‡‹” ™‘”ä ‡…‡á ƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š ‡™ –‡…Š‘Ž‘‰‹‡• ƒ”‡ ‘™ ƒ ‡••‡–‹ƒŽ –‘‘Ž ‹ –Š‡ †‡˜‡Ž‘æ ’‡– ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ‹ …—ƒ†‘”á ™Š‹…Š Šƒ˜‡ Š‡Ž’‡† –‘ ‹’”‘˜‡ ‡ˆˆ‹…‹‡…›á ƒ……‡•• –‘‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† –Š‡ ‘’–‹‹œƒ–‹‘‘ˆ ’”‘…‡••‡•á–Š‡†‹‰‹–ƒŽ ‰ƒ’ •–‹ŽŽ †‡–‡”‹‡•–Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ä —”–Š‡”‘”‡á –Š‡ …‘—–”› ‹• ‡š’‡”‹‡…‹‰ ƒ •Š‹ˆ– ‹ –Š‡ ƒ‹ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡• ’‡”…‡‹˜‡† „› Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ˆƒ…–—ƒŽ ’‘™‡”•á •—…Š ƒ• –Š‡ ‡…‘‘‹… ‘”–Š‡‡†‹ƒá–‘–Š‡…‘•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ’‘™‡”•«‡•’‡…‹ƒŽŽ›–Š‡‡š‡…—–‹˜‡ä ”‹æ ƒ”‹Ž›†—‡–‘–Š‡’”‡•‡…‡‘ˆ–Š‡‡™…‘–”‘Žƒ†”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘„‘†‹‡•ƒ† ‡™…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘Žƒ™•–Šƒ–ƒˆˆ‡…–Ꮡ”‡ƒ†‘”‡†‹”‡…–Ž›á–Š‡™‘” ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ä Š‡ ’‡”…‡’–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ‘ˆ–Š‡ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡ˆƒ…–‘”• …‘‹‰ˆ”‘–Š‡ •›•–‡• Ž‡˜‡Ž †‡‘–‡• ƒ ‰”‡ƒ–‡” –ƒ–‡ ‹–‡”˜‡–‹‘‹•á …‘’Ž‡–‡† ƒ– ƒ ’”ƒ…–‹…ƒŽ ™‹–Š‹ –Š‡ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ Ž‡˜‡Ž –Šƒ– ‹‰Š– „‡ …ƒŽŽ‡† ò–”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽ‹•–ó ‹ ™Š‹…Š –Š‡ ’”‘…‡••‡• ‹ ‡™•”‘‘• ƒ”‡ †‡’‡†‡– ‘ –Š‡ …Ž‡ƒ” ˜‡”–‹…ƒŽ •–”—…–—”‡á –Š‡ ‡‡†• ‹’‘•‡† „› –Š‡ ƒ”‡–á –Š‡ ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ …‘†‡• ƒ† –Š‡ ˆ‡ƒ” ‘ˆ ’‘••‹„Ž‡ •ƒ…–‹‘• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡–ä Š‡”‡ Ž‘™ Ž‡˜‡Ž• ‘ˆ –”—•–á ˆ”‹‡†•æ Š‹’ƒ†‹†‡’‡†‡…‡á’‘Ž‹–‹…‹•ƒ–‹‘ƒ†‹†‡‘Ž‘‰‹œƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘áƒ† –Š‡ ƒ”‡† ’‘Žƒ”‹œƒ–‹‘ „‡–™‡‡ ’—„Ž‹… ƒ† ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ ‡†‹ƒ –‡•– –Š‡

‘˜‡”‡–ï• ’”‘’‘•ƒŽ ‘ˆ †‡‘…”ƒ–‹œƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ …‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ ‹ …—ƒ†‘”ä Š—•áƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š–Š‡‘”‡–‹…ƒŽŽ›…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘‹•‹–‡†‡†ƒ•ƒ–‘‘Žˆƒ…‹Ž‹–ƒ–‹‰ –Š‡ …”‡ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ …‹–‹œ‡ …”‹–‹…ƒŽ –Š‹‹‰á ‘ ƒ ’”ƒ…–‹…ƒŽ Ž‡˜‡Ž ‹– ‹• •‡‡–‘ „‡ ƒ– –Š‡ •‡”˜‹…‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹–‡”‡•–‡† ‘”‰ƒ‹•• ‘ˆ …‘–”‘Žä



Š‡ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™‡† Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ’‡”…‡‹˜‡ –Š‡•‡Ž˜‡• ƒ• ‡—–”ƒŽ ƒ† –”—‡ ’”‘æ ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ• ”‡•’‘•‹„Ž‡ ˆ‘” ‡š‡”…‹•‹‰ –Š‡ ”‘Ž‡ ‘ˆ †‹ˆˆ—•‡”ä ‘™‡˜‡”á †—‡ –‘ –Š‡’‘Ž‹–‹…‹•ƒ–‹‘‘ˆƒŽŽ•›•–‡•‹–Š‡…‘—–”›ƒ†–Š‡Š‹‰ŠŽ‡˜‡Ž‘ˆ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ’ƒ”ƒŽŽ‡Ž‹•á —ƒ…‡• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”‘Ž‡ ‘ˆ ‘„‹Ž‹•‹‰ ƒ† ‘’’‘‡–• ƒ”‡ ”‡ˆŽ‡…–‡† ‹ –Š‡‹” ”‡•’‘•‡• « ‡•’‡…‹ƒŽŽ› ƒ‘‰ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ‘ˆ ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ ‡†‹ƒä Ž–Š‘—æ ‰Š ƒ– ‘ –‹‡ ˆ”‘ ƒ …‘†‡ƒ–‘”› ’‘‹– ‘ˆ ˜‹‡™á „—– ‘”‡ Ž‹‡ ’”‘˜‹†‡”• ‘ˆ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ –‘ …‹–‹œ‡• « –Š‹• ƒ––‹–—†‡ …‘—Ž† ƒŽ•‘ „‡ †—‡ –‘ ˆ‡ƒ” ‘ˆ „‡‹‰ ’—‹•Š‡† „› –Š‡ …‘–”‘Ž ƒ‰‡…‹‡• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡–ä –‹•’ƒ”ƒ†‹‰ƒ–‹…–Šƒ–†‡•’‹–‡‘”‡–Šƒ{r¨„‡‹‰’”‹˜ƒ–‡‡†‹ƒáŒ‘—”ƒæ Ž‹•–•’‘ŽŽ‡†•‡‡’‡‘’Ž‡ƒ• …‹–‹œ‡•ƒ† ‘– ƒ•…‘•—‡”•ä‡•—Ž–••—‰‰‡•– –Šƒ–ƒŽ–Š‘—‰ŠŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•‘™–Š‡‡…‘‘‹…‡‡†•‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒá–Š‡ Žƒ”æ ‰‡•–‹–‡”˜‡–‹‘–‘…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘•‡š‡”…‹•‡†„›–Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡–ƒ‡• –Š‡‘”‡ƒ™ƒ”‡‘ˆ–Š‡”‹‰Š–•‘ˆ…‹–‹œ‡•ƒ†–Š‡•‘…‹ƒŽ”‡•’‘•‹„‹Ž‹–›‘ˆ –Š‡‡†‹ƒä ‡‰ƒ”†‹‰–Š‡†‹‡•‹‘‘ˆ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–›áƒŽ‘•–ƒŽŽ”‡•’‘†‡–•†‹†‘–’”‘æ ’‘•‡ ‹– ƒ• ƒ ‰‘ƒŽ –‘ ™‘” –‘™ƒ”†•â ƒ™ƒ› ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ’‘•‹–‹˜‹•– •–ƒ†ƒ”†• ‘ˆ ‡•–‡” Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ä ‘™‡˜‡”á ‹– ‹• •–‹ŽŽ …‘•‹†‡”‡† ‘‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’‹ŽŽƒ”• •—’’‘”–‹‰Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ƒ•ƒ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ˆ”‘ƒ’”ƒ…–‹…ƒŽ’‘‹–‘ˆ˜‹‡™âƒæ …Š‘”‡†–‘–Š‡ˆƒ…–•á–Š‡•—‘ˆ•—„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–‹‡•á–Š‡ˆƒ‹–Šˆ—Ž”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ ”‡ƒŽ‹–›á–Š‡ƒ……‡’–ƒ…‡‘ˆ–Š‡”—Ž‡•ƒ†”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘•á–Š‡•‡’ƒ”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ ‘’‹æ ‹‘ƒ†‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘á–Š‡‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘„ƒŽƒ…‡á–Š‡’Ž—”ƒŽ‹–›ƒ† †‹˜‡”•‹–› ‘ˆ•‘—”…‡•á‡–…ä Š‡ƒ„ƒ†‘‡–‘ˆ–Š‡‹”’Š‹Ž‘•‘’Š‹…ƒŽƒ–—”‡ƒŽŽ‘™•Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•–‘•–ƒæ †ƒ”†‹œ‡ƒ†Œ—•–‹ˆ›…‡”–ƒ‹’”‘…‡••‡•ƒ†’”ƒ…–‹…‡•…‘…‡”‹‰ ”‡‰—Žƒ–‘”› „‘†‹‡•á –Š‡ …‹–‹œ‡•Š‹’á ƒ† ƒ…ƒ†‡‹ƒä ‡…‡á ˆ”‘ ƒ ’”ƒ‰ƒ–‹… ’‘‹– ‘ˆ ˜‹‡™á‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–›‹••–‹ŽŽƒ˜ƒŽ—‡ƒ••‘…‹ƒ–‡†™‹–Š–Š‡’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ä‘•‡“—‡–Ž›á†‡•’‹–‡–Š‡Žƒ–‡–•…‡’–‹…‹•–‘™ƒ”†•‹–ზ ‘ –‹‡™ƒ•‹–”‡Œ‡…–‡†ƒ•’ƒ”–‘ˆ–Š‡ ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ä ”‘’‡” ’”ƒ…–‹…‡ Ž‹‡† ™‹–Š ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–› ƒ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ –Š‡ ”‡•’‘†‡–•á ‹ ƒ††‹–‹‘ –‘ –Š‘•‡ Ž‹•–‡† ‹ –Š‡ ’”‡…‡†‹‰ ’ƒ”ƒ‰”ƒ’Šá …‘‡• ˆ”‘ •–”ƒ–‡‰‹‡• •—…Š ƒ• ’—„Ž‹•Š‹‰ ‘Ž› ’”‘˜‡ ƒ† ƒ……—”ƒ–‡ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘á –Š‡ ’”‘’‡” —•‡ ‘ˆ Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ « ™”‹––‡ ƒ† ƒ—†‹‘˜‹•—ƒŽá –Š‡ —•‡ ‘ˆ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ •‘—”…‡•á –Š‡ ‹’Ž‡‡–ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ‹æ–‡š–“—‘–ƒ–‹‘•áƒ†•–‹…‹‰–‘–Š‡ƒ—ƒŽ‘ˆ•–›Ž‡‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒä ‘‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡•‡ •–”ƒ–‡‰‹‡• ‰‹˜‡ –Š‡ ‹’”‡••‹‘ ‘ˆ ƒ ƒ––‡’––‘ •Š‘™á „› •‘‡ ‡†‹ƒ ƒ† Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•á ƒ ò ‘˜‡”‡– •’‡‡…Šó „‡…ƒ—•‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•



”‡…‘‰‹œ‡–Šƒ–•‘‡–‹‡•–Š‡›™ƒ‹˜‡…‡”–ƒ‹‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‡’ƒ”ƒ‡–‡”• –‘ ƒ––”ƒ…– ’—„Ž‹… ƒ––‡–‹‘á „‡…ƒ—•‡ ‘ˆ –‹‡ ƒ† •–ƒˆˆ‹‰ ‘” –Š‡ ”‹‰Š–• –‘ ’”‘–‡…– •‘—”…‡•ä Š‡ ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ ‰—‹†‡Ž‹‡• ƒ† ‹†‡‘Ž‘‰‹‡• ‘ˆ ”‡•’‘†‡–• ƒ”‡ ‡‹‡–Ž› ƒ„•‘Ž—æ –‹•– ™‹–Š ƒ –‡†‡…› –‘ •‹–—ƒ–‹‘‹• ƒ† ‡š…‡’–‹‘‹•ä Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡á –Š‡› ƒ”‡ „ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡ ’”‹…‹’Ž‡• ƒ† —‹˜‡”•ƒŽ ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ ƒ† ‘”ƒŽ ”—Ž‡• ‘ ™Š‹…Š ƒˆ–‡”™ƒ”†•–Š‡‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ˜ƒŽ—‡•ƒ†‡–Š‹…ƒŽ…‘†‡•ƒ”‹•‡äŠ‹•‹†‡ƒŽ‹•–‹…˜‹•‹‘ ‘ˆ ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ †‹Ž‡ƒ• ƒ† ‘”ƒŽ Œ—†‰‡–• †‹•–ƒ…‡ –Š‡ ˆ”‘ ”‡Žƒ–‹˜‹•á ƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š –Š‡ –”‡† –‘™ƒ”†• ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ •…‡’–‹…‹• ƒ† –Š‡ ‡…‡••ƒ”›ƒ†ƒ’–ƒ–‹‘ –‘ –Š‡ …—ƒ†‘”‹ƒ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …‘–‡š– Ž‡ƒ† –Š‡ –‘ ”‡…‘‰‹œ‡ –Šƒ– ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ †‡…‹•‹‘•‹…‡”–ƒ‹…ƒ•‡•†‡’‡†‘–Š‡•‹–—ƒ–‹‘ƒ†–Š‡‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽä †Š‡”‡…‡–‘—‹˜‡”•ƒŽ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ•–ƒ†ƒ”†•ƒ†‡–Š‹…ƒŽ…‘†‡•‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒ‹• ƒ••‘…‹ƒ–‡†™‹–Š–Š‡•–ƒ†ƒ”†‹œ‡†…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ƒ•ƒ‰Ž‘„ƒŽ’”‘æ ˆ‡••‹‘ « ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡ –Šƒ– …‘—Ž† …‘‡ ˆ”‘ —‹˜‡”•‹–› –”ƒ‹‹‰ ƒ† –Š‡ …—æ ””‡–…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘•Žƒ™ä‘™‡˜‡”጑—”ƒŽ‹•–•ƒ…‘™Ž‡†‰‡–Šƒ–…‘…”‡æ –‡ƒ†’”‡…‹•‡•‘Ž—–‹‘•–‘’”‘„Ž‡•”‡Žƒ–‡†–‘–Š‡…—ƒ†‘”‹ƒ…‘–‡š–ƒ”‡ †ƒ‹Ž›”‡“—‹”‡†ä……‘”†‹‰Ž›á™‡…‘—Ž†•’‡ƒ‘ˆ—‹˜‡”•ƒŽ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ•–ƒ†ƒ”†• –ƒ‹Ž‘”‡†–‘–Š‡†‡‘‰”ƒ’Š‹……Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹…•‘ˆ–Š‡…‘–‡š–«‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒ† •›•–‡•Ž‡˜‡Ž«ƒ†–Š‡…‘‰‹–‹˜‡‘”ƒŽ†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–‘ˆ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ•«ƒ…–‘” Ž‡˜‡Žâ†‡˜‡Ž‘’‹‰ƒŒ‘‹–‡–Š‹…•”‘‘–‡†‹–Š‡ƒ–—”‡‘ˆ–Š‡…‘—–”›ƒ† ‹ ‹–‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‘”ƒŽ•–ƒ†ƒ”†•ä ‹‰ŠŽ‡˜‡Ž•‘ˆƒ—–‘‘›ƒ†’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–‹‘‹–Š‡’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ†‡…‹•‹‘• ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•‹…—ƒ†‘”…‘–”ƒ•–™‹–Š™Šƒ–‹••–ƒ–‡†‹’”‡˜‹‘—•’ƒ”ƒ‰”ƒ’Š• ”‡ˆ‡””‹‰–‘–Š‡•–”‘‰ ‘˜‡”‡–‹–‡”˜‡–‹‘‹…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘ƒŽƒ–æ –‡”•äŠ‡•‡”‡•—Ž–••Š‘™–Šƒ––Š‡ƒƒŽ›•‹•‘ˆ–Š‡’‡”…‡’–‹‘‘ˆ‹†‡’‡†‡æ …‡‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•‹•ƒ••‘…‹ƒ–‡†™‹–Š–Š‡’‡”…‡’–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡…—””‡– ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ”‡‰‹‡‹–Š‡…‘—–”›ä‡›‘†–Šƒ––Š‡›ƒ”‡†‡•‹‰ƒ–‡† ƒ•ˆ—ŽŽ ‘”Š›„”‹† †‡‘…”ƒ…‹‡•á–Š‡’‡”…‡’–‹‘‘ˆƒ—–‘‘›†‡’‡†‹‰‘–Š‡•‹–—ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡ †‡‘…”ƒ–‹…’”‘…‡••‹™Š‹…Š–Š‡…‘—–”›‹•ä …—ƒ†‘”á †‡•’‹–‡ „‡‹‰ …‘•‹†‡”‡† ƒ Š›„”‹† †‡‘…”ƒ…› „› …‡”–ƒ‹ ‹–‡”æ ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ–‹‘•á‹•Ž‹˜‹‰ƒŠ‹•–‘”‹…‘‡–™Š‡”‡–Š‡ †‡‘…”ƒ–‹… ƒ† •–ƒ„‹Ž‹–› ’”‘…‡•• ‹• •‡‡ „› –Š‡ ’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘ ƒ• –Š‡ ƒ‹ ‘”‰ƒ‹• ‘ˆ ’‡”•‘ƒŽƒ†’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽˆ”‡‡†‘•‘ˆ…‹–‹œ‡•ä‹–—ƒ–‹‘–Šƒ–…ƒ—•‡•Œ‘—”æ ƒŽ‹•–•–‘’‡”…‡‹˜‡ƒŠ‹‰ŠŽ‡˜‡Ž‘ˆ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽƒ—–‘‘›á‡‰‘–‹ƒ–‡† ™‹–Š –Š‡‡†‹ƒ‹™Š‹…Š–Š‡›™‘”ƒ†–Š‡†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–•›•–‡•–Šƒ–•–”—…–—”‡–Š‡



…‘—–”›ä •™ƒ•–Š‡…ƒ•‡™‹–Š–Š‡‹†‡ƒ‘ˆ‘„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–›áŠ‹‰ŠŽ‡˜‡Ž•‘ˆƒ—–‘‘›’‡”…‡‹æ ˜‡†„›”‡•’‘†‡–•ƒ”‡“—‡•–‹‘‡†™Š‡–Š‡›ƒ”‡ƒ•‡†ƒ„‘—––Š‡‹ˆŽ—‡æ …‡•–Šƒ–Ž‹‹––Š‡‹”ˆ”‡‡†‘‘ˆ‡š’”‡••‹‘äŠ‡›”‡•’‘†–‘–Š‹•’‘•‹–‹˜‡Ž›á ”‡ˆ‡””‹‰•’‡…‹ˆ‹…ƒŽŽ›–‘–Š‡…—””‡–…‘—‹…ƒ–‹‘Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹‘á’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘æ ƒŽ‡–Š‹…•á–Š‡”‹‰Š–•‘ˆ…‹–‹œ‡•ƒ†‹–‡”‡•–•ƒ†’”‡••—”‡•‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹ƒä Š‡Žƒ…‘ˆ–”—•–‘ˆŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•‹‹•–‹–—–‹‘•”‡ˆŽ‡…–•–Š‡Š‹‰Š˜‘Žƒ–‹Ž‹–›–Šƒ– Šƒ• …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹œ‡† –Š‡ …‘—–”› ƒ† –Š‡ •–”‘‰ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ‹• –Šƒ– †‡ˆ‹‡• –Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡‘ˆ…—ƒ†‘”䊇•‡ƒ•’‡…–•Œ‘‹–Š‡ƒ”‡†’‘Žƒ”‹œƒæ –‹‘„‡–™‡‡’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ•ƒ†‡†‹ƒ–Šƒ–‘ˆˆ‡”…‘ˆŽ‹…–‹‰”‡•—Ž–•á™Š‡”‡ –Š‡ ‘˜‡”‡– ƒ† ’—„Ž‹… ƒ‰‡…‹‡• Šƒ˜‡ ”‡•’‡…–‹˜‡Ž› –Š‡ Š‹‰Š‡•– ƒ† Ž‘™‡•–Ž‡˜‡Ž•‘ˆ–”—•–䊋•…‘–”ƒ†‹…–‹‘†‡–‡”‹‡•–Š‡‹–‡”ƒŽŠ‡–‡”‘‰‡æ ‡‹–›‘ˆ–Š‡Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡‘ˆ…—ƒ†‘”ä ‡•’‹–‡ –Š‡ †‹ˆˆ‹…—Ž–› †‡–‡”‹‹‰ –Š‡ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘• –Šƒ– ‡Œ‘› Š‹‰Š‡” Ž‡˜‡Ž• ‘ˆ –”—•–á –Š‡ ”‡•—Ž–• •—’’‘”– –Š‡ ƒ„‘˜‡ ‹ ”‡‰ƒ”† –‘ –Š‡ Š‹‰Š Ž‡˜‡Ž• ‘ˆ •—„æ Œ‡…–‹˜‡ ’‡”…‡’–‹‘ ‘ˆ ™‡Žˆƒ”‡ ƒ† †‡‘…”ƒ–‹… ƒ……‡’–ƒ…‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ …—””‡– ”‡‰‹‡ ‘ˆ …‹–‹œ‡•Š‹’ä Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡á –Š‡ …”‡†‹„‹Ž‹–› ‡Œ‘›‡† „› –Š‡ …—””‡– †‡æ ‘…”ƒ…› ‹ …—ƒ†‘” …‘–”ƒ•–• ™‹–Š –Š‡ ™‹†‡•’”‡ƒ† †‹•–”—•– ‘ˆ ‹•–‹–—–‹‘• « ‡•’‡…‹ƒŽŽ› ‹ ’‘Ž‹–‹…‹ƒ• ƒ† ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽ ‰”‘—’• ‘” ’ƒ”–‹‡•ä Š‹• ƒƒŽ›•‹• ‘ˆ –Š‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ ‘ˆ …—ƒ†‘” Šƒ• ‘ˆˆ‡”‡† ƒ …‘–‡šæ –—ƒŽ‹œ‡† ˜‹‡™ ‘ˆ –Š‡ •–—†› ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–• ƒ† –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒä …—ƒ†‘” ‹• ’”‡•‡æ –‡† ƒ• ƒ †‹˜‡”•‡ …‘—–”› –Šƒ– †‡’ƒ”–• ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ‡•–‡” ‹†‡ƒ ‘ˆ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ‘” –Š‡ …Žƒ••‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘• „ƒ•‡† ‘ –›’‹…ƒŽ …‘””‡Žƒ–‹‘•ä ‡•’‹–‡ •Šƒ”‹‰ ˆ‡ƒ–—æ ”‡•™‹–Š–Š‡”‡‰‹‘™Š‡”‡‹–‹•Ž‘…ƒ–‡†á‹–•Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹……—Ž–—”‡‹•…Ž‡ƒ”Ž›†‡ˆ‹‡† „›–Š‡Š‹•–‘”‹…ƒŽ’”‘…‡••‹™Š‹…Š‹–‹•‹‡”•‡†ƒ†ƒˆˆ‡…–•ƒŽŽ‹–••–”—…–—”‡•ä • ƒ …‘•‡“—‡…‡ ‘ˆ –Š‹•á …—ƒ†‘” ƒ’’‡ƒ”• ƒ• ƒ ò—‹“—‡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… …—Ž–—”‡ó ‹ •’ƒ…‡ « ’Š›•‹…ƒŽá ˜‹”–—ƒŽá ‰‡‘‰”ƒ’Š‹…ƒŽá ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽá ƒ–—”ƒŽá‡–…ä ƒ† –‹‡ « Š‹•–‘”‹…ƒŽá ’‘Ž‹–‹…ƒŽá …—Ž–—”ƒŽá ‡…‘‘‹…á •‘…‹ƒŽá •…‹‡–‹ˆ‹…á ‡–…ä⠏ƒ”‹‰ –Š‡ …Šƒ‰‡ ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ò‘‘æ…‡–”‹…ó ƒ† ò…‡–”ƒŽ‹œ‡†ó Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‹… ‘†‡Ž«‹ˆ‘”…‡—–‹Ž–Š‡„‡‰‹‹‰‘ˆ–Š‡ts•–…‡–—”›«–‘–Š‡ò’‘Ž›…‡–”‹…ó ƒ†ò‹–‡”‡†‹ƒ–‡ó‘†‡Žä



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Ž‡‰‡Žá ä ƒ† Šƒˆˆ‡‡á ä ä s{ys ä ˆŽ—‡…‡• ‘ˆ †‹–‘”•á ‡ƒ†‡”•á ƒ† ‡”•‘ƒŽ ˆŽ—‡…‡• ‘ ‡’‘”–‡”•ä -RXUQD OLVP4XDUWHUO\ávzáxvwæxwsä Ž‹…áätrrv ä7ULDQJXODWLRQ(LQH(LQIKUXQJ䋇•„ƒ†‡ã ‡”Žƒ‰ˆò”‘œ‹ƒŽ™‹••‡•…Šƒˆ–‡ä Ž‘”áä ätrsu ä ‘„‡”‹‰Š”‘—‰Š‡”ƒ‡–ƒ’ƒ‹‰‹‰ã‡†‹ƒ•ƒ‰‡ƒ†”‡•• ”‡‡†‘‹…—ƒ†‘”䇕‹•ä ‹˜‡”•‹†ƒ††‡‡˜ƒ†ƒáƒ•‡‰ƒ•ä ‘”•›–Šáääs{zr ä–ƒš‘‘›‘ˆ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ‹†‡‘Ž‘‰‹‡•ä ‘—”ƒŽ‘ˆ‡”•‘ƒŽ‹–›ƒ†‘…‹ƒŽ•›…Š‘Ž‘‰›áu{ãsywæszvä ‘šá䃐†ƒ‹•„‘”†áätrrt †•ä ä ƒ–‹‘Ž‹–‹…•á Ž‘„ƒŽ‡†‹ƒä —•–‹ã ‹˜‡”•‹–›‘ˆ‡šƒ•”‡••ä ”ƒ…‘á ä trr{ ä Ž ‹’ƒ…–‘ †‡ Žƒ• –‡…‘Ž‘‰Àƒ• †‹‰‹–ƒŽ‡• ‡ ‡Ž ’‡”‹‘†‹•‘ › Žƒ †‡‘…”ƒ…‹ƒ ‡ ±”‹…ƒ ƒ–‹ƒä —•–‹ã‹‰Š–‡–‡”ˆ‘” ‘—”ƒŽ‹•‹–Š‡‡”‹…ƒ•ä ”ƒ•‡”áäs{{t 䇖Š‹‹‰–Š‡—„Ž‹…’Š‡”‡ã‘–”‹„—–‹‘–‘–Š‡”‹–‹“—‡‘ˆ…–—ƒŽŽ›š‹•–‹‰‡‘…”ƒ…›ä ã ƒŽŠ‘—áä†ä 䃄‡”ƒ•ƒ†–Š‡—„Ž‹…’Š‡”‡’’äsr{æsvt 䃏„”‹†‰‡áã ”‡••ä ”‡›á ä ä ƒ† –—–œ‡”á ä trrt ä Šƒ– ƒ …‘‘‹•–• ‡ƒ” ˆ”‘ ƒ’’‹‡•• ‡•‡ƒ”…Šë ‘—”ƒŽ ‘ˆ …‘‘‹… ‹–‡”ƒ–—”‡áxrãvrtævuwä ”‹‡†ƒá äs{{v ä—Ž–—”ƒŽ‹†‡–‹–›ƒ†‰Ž‘„ƒŽ’”‘…‡••äƒ‰‡ã‘†‘ä ”ÚŠŽ‹…Šá ä ƒ† ‘Ž–œæƒ…Šƒá ä trru ä ‘—”ƒŽ‹• ‡†—…ƒ–‹‘ ‹ —”‘’‡ ƒ† ‘”–Š ‡”‹…ƒä  ‹–‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ …‘’ƒ”‹•‘ä”‡••‹ŽŽá‡™ ‡”•‡›ãƒ’–‘”‡••á …ä ——›ƒƒá ä s{{w ä 7UXVW 7KH VRFLDO YLUWXHV DQG WKH FUHDWLRQ RI SURVSHULW\ä ‡™ ‘”ã ”‡‡ ”‡••ä

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Žƒ••‡”áä䃐†™ƒ†á ätrsv ä ‘—”ƒŽ‹•á—Ž–‹…—Ž–—”ƒŽ‹•áƒ†–Š‡–”—‰‰Ž‡ˆ‘”‘Ž‹†ƒ”‹–›äãŠ”‹•–‹ƒ•áä› ‘”†‡•–”‡‰á䆕ä 䑏—‹…ƒ–‹‘•–Š‡‘”‹‡•‹ƒ—Ž–‹…—Ž–—”ƒŽ™‘”Ž†’’ätyuæt{t 䇙‘”ã‡–‡”ƒ‰ä

Žƒ••‡”á ä ä ƒ† —–Š‡”á ä trrw ä Š‡ ‡‰ƒ…› ‘ˆ —–‘‘› ‹ ‡”‹…ƒ ‘—”ƒŽ‹•ä ã ˜‡”Š‘Ž•‡”á ä ƒ†

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‘œžŽ‡œá ä ä ƒ† Šƒ˜‡”‘á ä trsu ä ƒ”‹ƒ–‡• †‡Ž ‡‰ƒ–‹˜‹•‘ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹˜‘ ‡ — …‘–‡š–‘ †‡ …”‹•‹• ‰Ž‘„ƒŽã Žƒ ‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ…‹× †‡ Ž‘• ƒ…–‘”‡• ’‘ŽÀ–‹…‘• › †‡ •— ‹–‡””‡Žƒ…‹×ä ã ”‡•’‘á ä †ä ä DUWLGRV PHGLRV \ HOHFWRUHV HQ SUR FHVRV GH FDPELR /DV HOHFFLRQHV JHQHUDOHV HVSDxRODV GH  ’’ävswævur 䃎‡…‹ƒã‹”ƒ–—ƒ‹†ƒ†‡•ä

”ƒ•…‹á ä s{yt ä 1RWDVVREUH0DTXLDYHORVREUHOD SROtWLFD\VREUHHOHVWDGRPRGHUQRä —‡‘• ‹”‡•ã †‹…‹‘‡• —‡˜ƒ ‹•‹×ä

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