Karen Peabody O'Brien, Ph.D. Advancing Green Chemistry. Catalyzing Green
Chemistry. Innovation though Key. Collaborations. Pete Myers, Ph.D.
Catalyzing Green Chemistry Innovation though Key Collaborations
Karen Peabody O’Brien, Ph.D. Advancing Green Chemistry Pete Myers, Ph.D. Environmental Health Sciences
What is Advancing Green Chemistry? A catalyst Identifying strategic leverage points to move the field forward faster Identifying critical needs and building capacity • Cross-pollination: Green chemistry and environmental health sciences • Science Communication
Cross-Pollinating EHS and GC Helping green chemists understand 21st century toxicology Building personal connections across the disciplines Inspiring new research agendas in EHS and GC Developing tools that green chemists can use Collaborations already underway
Who is engaged? Paul Anastas, US EPA John Warner, Warner Babcock Inst Amy Cannon, Beyond Benign Terry Collins, Carnegie Mellon CJ Li, McGill Buzz Cue, ACS GCI Wim Thielemans, Nottingham Adelina Voutchkova, Yale Evan Beach, Yale David Constable, GSK Klaus Kummerer, Germany James Wright, Australia
Linda Birnbaum, US NIEHS Jerry Heindel US NIEHS Thad Schug, US NIEHS Kris Thayer NIEHS Lynn Goldman, George Washington Bruce Blumberg UC Irvine Tom Zoeller, U. Massachusetts Fred vom Saal, Missouri Ruben Abagyan, UCSD Andrea Gore, U. Texas David Crews U. Texas Joe Thornton, U. Oregon Laura Vandenberg, Tufts Thea Edwards, Louisiana Tech Sarah Vogel, Columbia
Erice
Designing endocrine disruption out of the next generation of materials • A design protocol for green chemists • Principles behind the science of endocrine disruption
Designing a Testing Protocol • Collaboration of experts in biology, toxicology, and chemistry • Provide chemists with a process to eliminate potential harmful chemicals early in development (redirect resources). • Not regulatory, but will give chemists confidence that the molecules they are developing are safe for the environment and human health
Setting the course •Science advisory board: Jerry Heindel, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Fred Vom Saal, University of Missouri Peter Defur, Virginia Commonwealth University Andrea Gore, University of Texas David Crews, University of Texas Bruce Blumberg, University of California at Irvine Kris Thayer, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Terry Collins, Carnegie Mellon University John Warner, Warner-Babcock Institute Tom Zoeller, University of Massachusetts, Amherst Lou Guillette, University of South Carolina
• Close integration with EPA and NIEHS programs • NAS: meeting 9/12
Cavallo
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals EDCs interfere with the synthesis, secretion, transport, binding, action, or elimination of natural hormones in the body which are responsible for the maintenance or homeostasis, reproduction, development and or behavior
Atrazine Phthalates BPA
PBDE’s
Perchlorates
Organotins
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals HERBICIDES 2,4,-D 2,4,5,-T Alachlor Amitrole Atrazine Linuron Metribuzin Nitrofen Trifluralin
INSECTICIDES Aldicarb beta-HCH Carbaryl Chlordane Chlordecone DBCP Dicofol Dieldrin DDT and metabolites Endosulfan Heptachlor / H-epoxide Lindane (gamma-HCH) Malathion Methomyl Methoxychlor Oxychlordane Parathion Synthetic pyrethroids Transnonachlor Toxaphene
Pesticides
Flame Retardants
Herbicides
Industrial byproducts
FUNGICIDES Benomyl Ethylene thiourea Fenarimol Hexachlorobenzene Mancozeb Maneb Metiram - complex Tri-butyl-tin Vinclozolin Zineb
Fungicides
Surface protectors
Solvents
Sunscreens
METALS
Testosterone synthesis inhibitor Thyroid hormone disruptor
INDUSTRIAL CHEMICALS Bisphenol - A Polycarbonates Butylhydroxyanisole (BHA) Cadmium Chloro- & Bromo-diphenyl Dioxins Furans Lead Manganese Methyl mercury Nonylphenol Octylphenol PBDEs PCBs Pentachlorophenol Penta- to Nonylphenols Perchlorate PFOA p-tert-Pentylphenol Phthalates Styrene
Plastics
Plasticizers
Cosmetics
Over 1,000 EDCs
Estrogen receptor agonist Androgen receptor antagonist
Testing Program Goals • Scientifically sound tests to determine endocrine activity • Logical step-by-step, easy to follow, save time and $$$ • Tiered approach: Start where needed • Variety of tests to choose from within each Tier • Assays with acceptable performance standards, proper positive and negative controls, validated, up-to-date • Start now: expand, adapt, and improve…
Tiered Testing Strategy Phase 1
Phase 2
Phase 3
Phase 4
Phase 5 Rat
Computational/ QSAR modeling
HTS in vitro biochemical or cell-based assays
Secondary whole cell specialized in vitro assays
In vivo fish/amphibian Screen
In vivo mammalian evaluation
Where We Stand • Writing a consensus statement establishing principles and guidelines for testing EDCs • Developing a detailed protocol for each phase of testing Tests that cover a wide range of mechanisms, proper standards and validation Growing database that can adapt to new tests and technologies • Establishing partnerships between EHS and Chemists to educate and disseminate the program
Science Communication Fellows Collaboration between AGC, EHS and Science Communication Network 10 Fellows each year Annual meeting; monthly calls
Science Communication Fellows
Thank you Kendeda Fund Johnson Family Fund John Merck Fund NIEHS
www.EnvironmentalHealthNews.org www.AdvancingGreenChemistry.org