Physiology and Functional Anatomy II

Cardiovascular, Renal, and Respiratory Physiology Bio 401 Physiology and Functional Anatomy II Spring 2015

Prof. Daniel Lemons, Course Director Office MR630, Phone: 212.650.8479 Office hours: Tuesdays, 1-3PM [email protected] Department of Biology, City College of New York, CUNY

Bio 401 Syllabus – Spring 2015

About Bio 401 Catalog Description: This is an in-depth exploration of the integrated functioning of the cardiovascular, renal and pulmonary systems. Emphasis is primarily on human dynamic, nonpathological responses to a range of conditions including exercise and extreme environments. Structural and physiological aspects are covered. Clinical case studies highlight the interdependence of the systems. This course is appropriate for students considering health-related careers or advanced study in biomedical science. (W) Prereq.: Bio 20700 or permission of instructor.

Key Course Information

 The text for the course is Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach , Sixth Edition, by Dee Unglaub Silverthorn. Access to Pearson’s Mastering A&P is highly recommended and can be purchased with the text. Note that a variety of ways to obtain the text are possible through the CCNY Bookstore and directly from Pearson’s, including the eText version.  All topics are presented on YouTube via links provided in Blackboard.  iClicker2™ is required; available at CCNY Bookstore. Note points for participation.  BlackBoard™ is the central communication site, resource repository and quiz and testing site. To help you prepare there will be may course resources available on BlackBoard, so it is important that you use it extensively, beginning prior to the first week of the term.  Class Sessions are in MR 702, Wednesdays, 11:00AM – 1:45 PM. All of the class meetings will be interactive and students are be expected to be ready to contribute to the discussion at any time.  Labs are held in MR820.

Course Faculty and Staff Laboratory Management Mr. Feng Zhou, College Laboratory Technician 212.650.8532 [email protected] Lab Instructor: Dr. Sadiqa Quadri [email protected] Please ask your lab instructors about their office hours and how they can be contacted.

Course and lab design and development by: Dr. Daniel Lemons

2


Course Learning Outcomes: by successfully completing this course you will:  have developed predictive, mechanistic thinking about transport processes in the cardiovascular, renal and pulmonary systems;  have developed an understanding of the integrated functioning of the cardiovascular, renal and pulmonary systems;  be able to explain multi-system phenomena using information and processes from the molecular to the system-level of function and predict responses to novel situations;  be able to apply common, fundamental mechanisms to each of the three systems;  have developed skills in experimentation and the interpretation and presentation of data;  have developed skills in computerized data acquisition and experimental techniques;  have developed skills in effective collaborative team work;  have developed effective self-directed learning skills and become independent learners;  have developed a lasting sense of competence and confidence in the ability to solve novel problems using the skills and knowledge acquired in the course.

Bio 401 Weekly Topics Week

Date

1

1/28

2

2/4

3

2/11 2/18

4

2/25

5 6 7 8

3/4 3/11 3/18 3/25

9

4/1 4/3-11

10

4/15

11

4/22

12

4/29

13 14

5/6 5/13

15

5/20

Topic Introduction to course; excitable cells and tissues; cardiovascular system overview The heart as a pump, cardiac output, chambers, valves, one-way flow Cardiac cycle; cardiac action potentials, automaticity, cardiac conduction Control of the heart; extrinsic, intrinsic regulation, autonomic NS, cardiac control Monday schedule Vascular system introduction, blood flow mechanics: resistance, capacitance; vascular regulation: local, autonomic, hormonal control of vessel diameter Blood pressure and its regulation Microcirculation and the lymphatics Exam I, Covers Weeks 1-6; Kidney overview Renal ultrafiltration, flow balance; mass balance in the kidney Tubular reabsorption, secretion system; loop of Henle and Water reabsorption, ADH Spring Break Juxtaglomerular apparatus, renal nerves; volume regulation, Angiotensin II, Aldosterone, , long-term blood pressure regulation Ventilation: ventilatory structures and lung volumes; lung mechanics Pulmonary gas exchange and the breathing rhythm medullary mechanisms and feedback; Regulation of breathing; acid-base regulation Cardiovascular, pulmonary and renal integration; exercise Final Exam , tentative date 10:30 AM-12:45 PM, Covers weeks 714 (120 pts), and integrative covering all material (100 pts)

3


Weekly Laboratory Schedule for Bio 401 Week

Date

Laboratory

Quiz

1

1/28

Laboratory 1: Tools for physiology

none

2

2/4

Laboratory 2: The heart as a pump

1

3

2/11

Laboratory 3: Intrinsic and extrinsic heart regulation

2

2/18

Monday schedule

4

2/25

Laboratory 4: Blood flow in the circulation

3

5

3/4

Laboratory 5: The ECG and blood pressure

4

6

3/11

Cardiovascular case studies

5

7

3/18

Laboratory 6: Kidney function I

6

8

3/25

Laboratory 7: Kidney function II

7

9

4/1

Laboratory 8: Fluid and osmotic balance

8

4/3-11

Spring Break

10

4/15

Renal case studies

9

11

4/22

Laboratory 9: Ventilatory mechanics

10

12

4/29

Laboratory 10: The pathway and amount of lung air flow

11

13

5/6

Laboratory 11: Regulation of breathing and exercise: the integration of cardiovascular and pulmonary physiology

12

14

5/13

Practical Exam: covers weeks 1-14; pulmonary case studies

4

13


Assessment The evaluation will be of the following kinds: 1. Exams (25% of grade): A one hour exam will be given at mid-term on the date indicated in the schedule and a two-hour exam will be given finals week. These examinations will be mostly multiple choice but may include some short answer and paragraph answer questions. Exams will cover all lecture, lab, reading and other material. Most importantly, questions will be derived from the Benchmarks. Exam questions will often involve some reasoning or problem solving as many of the Benchmarks indicate. So pay close attention to the Benchmarks when preparing for exams. 2. Progress quizzes (25% of grade) will be given via Blackboard prior to class sessions and then can be retaken once after the class session. These will cover the material from the current week’s topics based on material available online and the text. The first attempt must be completed by 6PM the day before class. Three points will be deducted when this deadline is not met. 3. Laboratory quizzes (25% of grade) will be given at the beginning of each lab session. These 1015 minute quizzes will cover the previous lab session, and will also have questions about the lab to be done that day. The emphasis will be approximately half from the previous lab and half from the current lab. Quizzes will include problems to be solved that are similar to those from the previous lab, explanations of experimental procedures, graphing, analysis and interpretation of results of similar experiments and application of information gained in the lab. If you are late to class you will not be given extra time. 4. A Laboratory practical (5% of grade) will be given. They will cover the material from slides, dissections and models that you have studied. There will be approximately 15 stations with one or two questions per station for a total of 50 points. You will have two minutes at each station. The questions on the practical will often require that you explain or understand the function of the structures displayed; simply naming the structures in such cases will not be acceptable. 5. One case study presentation and write-up (7% of grade). 6. iClicker participation (13% of grade) iClickers are an integral part of each class session and are required, beginning with the first class. If 75% of all questions are answered in a session, six (6) participation points will be earned. Up to an additional four (4) points may be earned by answering the questions correctly. Note: 50 pt. deduction for responding for another student on their iClicker, for both students. Summary of Assessment Midterm exam Final exam Weekly progress quiz Lab quizzes Case presentation Case writeup Practical exam iClicker Participation Total points

Points each 100 150 20 20 30 40 50 10

Number 1 1 13 13 1 1 1 13

Points 100 150 260 260 30 40 50 130 1020

What do grades mean? The meaning of an A or B or C is always evolving and never easy to define. My view is that an A represents complete mastery of all of the material and an ability to explain all of the interconnected processes covered and then apply that knowledge in novel ways to solve problems. In other words, an A represents achieving all of the course learning outcomes. A B represents mastery of the material and an ability to explain and describe processes thoroughly and accurately. A C represents the ability to describe the systems and processes with at least the basic mechanisms accurately depicted. Below a C represents insufficient mastery of the basics to have achieved competency in the topic. There is no “curve” in the sense of a achieving a normal grade

5

Bio 401 Syllabus – Spring 2015 distribution. If everyone in the class were to achieve what is defined for an A, then everyone would receive an A. Grades will be determined approximately according to these guidelines: A- to A+, ≥ 90%; B- to B+, 80-89%; C- to C+, 70-79%; D, 55-69%; F, ≤ 54%. The final grading criteria will be determined at the end of the term.

Components of the course This fifteen-week course includes class sessions, laboratory/tutorial sessions, online materials and out-of-class work. All of the components are designed to complement each other and create a seamless, thematically-based course. The course activities have been carefully chosen to support your learning about how organisms function in their environments. To succeed you will need to be an active participant in all the course settings. You will be called upon regularly to respond individually to material being considered. You should be present at every class session and prepared to respond immediately to what is being covered. Laboratories There are fourteen laboratory sessions. At the beginning of each laboratory session you will take a quiz that covers the material from the preceding lab exercise as well as background material for the current week’s lab exercise. These quizzes will be graded and each quiz will contribute 20 points towards the final course grade. If you miss more than one laboratory session you will be dropped from the course. Reading The text for the course is Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach. You are encouraged to consult other physiology texts as well and to explore online resources The publisher of the text also has a very rich website, Mastering A&P, with study aids and other material for each chapter. There will also be additional reading material handed out throughout the term, and you will also need to consult an introductory level biology text occasionally. Reading assignments will be given ahead of time and you are expected to keep up with them so you are prepared to actively participate in class sessions. Because the weekly lab quizzes cover both the previous lab and the current lab, you are expected to come to lab having reviewed the background material of the current day’s lab and having read the laboratory write-up. Written assignments There will be an automatic deduction for late papers which must be submitted by 11:59PM on the due date. Your instructors will use websites that check for plagiarized material. (See the “fine print” at the end of the syllabus.)

Course Resources – Making it Work How do you know what you are really supposed to learn? Since you will learn material in reading, presentations, labs, online and through out-ofclass problem sets, you are no doubt going to wonder what you are really expected to learn. To help you answer that question, you will have a guide for every part of the course that spells out clearly how you are expected to demonstrate your learning. On BlackBoard you will find 6

Bio 401 Syllabus – Spring 2015 Learning Objectives and Benchmarks for each unit which will indicate specifically what level of detail you should know and what you should be able to do to demonstrate that you have mastered the material. The reading in particular contains a great deal of detail, and you can use the Benchmarks to guide you in deciding which details to devote your attention to when preparing for quizzes and exams. You will notice that the laboratory exercises also have Benchmarks which will be covered in laboratory quizzes. Benchmarks will enable you to assess your progress and to prepare for exams and quizzes. What are the most important study strategies? A number of studies show that the most important factors in succeeding as a student are: 1) allocating enough out-of-class study time; 2) studying and reviewing effectively with your fellow students; and, 3) preparing before class sessions. For you to succeed and develop your ability to think through the mechanisms used by organisms, you must come to class prepared, having completed preparatory reading and exercises. Getting Organized Most of the materials for the course will be posted on Blackboard on a weekly basis. Monitor Blackboard regularly to keep up-to-date. Biology Resource Center and Campus Resources (Room J502 and NAC Tech Center) A resource center in MR502 is maintained by the Biology department. It holds some useful tools for self-study including books, tutorial services and internet access. The NAC cITy Tech Center has many state-of-the-art group study rooms with full technology available, including multiple laptop plug-in and display ports per room. These rooms can be scheduled ahead of time. Students are urged to avail themselves of these resources. Office hours The teaching staff is available during specific times which will be announced and posted on BlackBoard. You are encouraged to come frequently to see your instructors during those hours. If you cannot come during office hours, phone or email your instructor to make an appointment.

Policies (the fine print) Use of electronics in the classroom In addition to iClickers, the use of laptops or tablets is allowed only for taking notes and obtaining information for problem sets. No photography is allowed at any time unless specifically approved by the instructors. Calculators will be provided for exams and no use of cell phones or other personal electronic devices is allowed while taking quizzes and exams. Grades obtained are final and not negotiable You will have sufficient graded work to assess your standing before the 4/16/2014 deadline for withdrawal. If you have an average below 55% at that time you may want to seriously consider withdrawing from the course. If you are concerned about your grades, please see your lab instructor to discuss how you might adapt your studying to improve them. If you receive a score of less than 60% for the midterm, make an appointment to see the course director. There will be no extra-credit options. If you find you are doing less well than 7

Bio 401 Syllabus – Spring 2015 you hoped, your best strategy will be to try to figure out what isn’t working for you and then applying that understanding to the remaining work of the term. Attendance Policy Students are expected to attend every class session of each course in which they are enrolled and to be on time. An instructor has the right to drop a student from a course for excessive absence. Students are advised to determine the instructor’s policy at the first class session. They should note that an instructor may treat lateness as equivalent to absence. (No distinction is made between excused and unexcused absences.) Each instructor retains the right to establish his or her own policy, but students should be guided by the following general College policy: In courses designated as clinical, performance, laboratory or field work courses, the limit on absences is established by the individual instructor. For all other courses, the number of hours absent may not exceed twice the number of contact hours the course meets per week. When a student is dropped for excessive absence, the Registrar will enter the grade of WU. Absences from tests and exams Unless a medically certified reason or official notification of death in the family, and/or police report of a car accident is provided, there will be no opportunities to reschedule tests nor will there be any retakes if you miss a quiz, practical, test or exam. You may go to a different lab section to catch up, provided there is space available and you obtain prior permission from the instructor. Incompletes and other contingencies Incomplete grades (INC) will not be given for any reason except the documented inability to finish one part of the course such as an exam. This is the college’s policy. If documentation of illness or other serious situation is presented, an Incomplete may be given, and when the missing material is completed a final grade will be assigned. An Incomplete does not allow you to retake the entire course; you will only make up the part that you have missed. Do not ask for an incomplete unless you have a very good reason; it will not be given as an alternative to a failing grade or a withdrawal. Laboratory maintenance The laboratory is managed by Mr. Feng Zhou. He will ensure that all the materials for the laboratory exercises are available and that the lab is clean and ready for each session. For your part, on completion of laboratory exercises, please wash all glassware you may have used, put any equipment away and leave the laboratory clean and tidy. No food or drink is allowed in the lab.

Academic Integrity and Plagiarism The academic world, like the scientific and medical communities, has no tolerance for presenting the words of others as your own. This could be simply lifting sections from texts; copying work off the internet, copying answers from previous years’ classes or copying your fellow classmate’s work. We maintain the following standard: It is plagiarism if you copy more than a phrase or a sentence without having it in quotation marks with the original source indicated, or if you paraphrase a paragraph or more 8

Bio 401 Syllabus – Spring 2015 without indicating what the source is. Please do not plagiarize work, for we will be forced to report you to the College disciplinary authorities which could lead to your failing the course and/or other disciplinary consequences. CUNY Academic Integrity Policy The CUNY Policy on plagiarism says the following about plagiarism (it can be found at: http://www.ccny.cuny.edu/about/upload/academic_integrity.pdf “Plagiarism is the act of presenting another person’s ideas, research or writings as your own. The following are some examples of plagiarism, but by no means is it an exhaustive list: 1. Copying another person’s actual words without the use of quotation marks and footnotes attributing the words to their source. 2. Presenting another person’s ideas or theories in your own words without acknowledging the source. 3. Using information that is not common knowledge without acknowledging the source. 4. Failing to acknowledge collaborators on homework and laboratory assignments. 5. Internet plagiarism includes submitting downloaded term papers or parts of term papers, paraphrasing or copying information from the internet without citing the source, and “cutting and pasting” from various sources without proper attribution. The procedures in cases of suspected breaches of academic integrity are delineated in the CUNY document referenced above. Where necessary we will follow these procedures without exception, working with the CCNY Academic Integrity Office. Additional information on what constitutes plagiarism can be found at: http://www.plagiarism.org iClickers: responding with another student’s iClicker is cheating. At a minimum doing so will result in point deductions for both students, and it may also result in disciplinary action. Disability Statement In compliance with CCNY policy and equal access laws, appropriate academic accommodations are offered for students with disabilities. Students must register with The AccessAbility Center for reasonable academic accommodations. The AccessAbility Center is located in the North Academic Center (NAC), Rm. 1-218. Tel: (212) 650-5913. Under The Americans with Disability Act, an individual with a disability is a person who has a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities. If you have any such issues, I encourage you to visit the AccessAbility Center to determine which services may be appropriate for you. If extra time or a special location are needed for examination, a request should be made by email or letter at least five days in advance of the exam. Courtesy Policy Eating, drinking, or use of unauthorized hand held electronic equipment is not allowed in the classroom. No photos are allowed during class sessions. Disclaimer: The contents of the syllabus, particularly the precise schedule of topics may change slightly depending upon contingencies, such as weather that causes class cancellation. The version on the syllabus posted on Blackboard is always the authoritative version at any given time.

9