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politics & global warming, spring 2016

Politics & Global Warming, Spring 2016

Table of Contents

Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 2 Key Findings ............................................................................................................................. 4 1. Global Warming Beliefs and Attitudes .................................................................................... 7 2. Global Warming as an Issue in the November 2016 Elections ................................................ 11 3. Political Action on Global Warming ...................................................................................... 19 4. Individual Action on Global Warming .................................................................................. 22 5. Support for Government Action on Global Warming ............................................................ 24 Appendix I: Data Tables ...........................................................................................................29 Appendix II: Survey Method .................................................................................................... 71 Appendix III: Sample Demographics ........................................................................................ 72

 

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Introduction

This report is based on findings from a nationally representative survey – Climate Change in the American Mind – conducted by the Yale Program on Climate Change Communication (http://climatecommunication.yale.edu/) and the George Mason University Center for Climate Change Communication (http://www.climatechangecommunication.org). Interview dates: March 18–31, 2016. Interviews: 1,004 Adults (18+) who are registered to vote. Average margin of error: +/- 3 percentage points at the 95% confidence level. The research was funded by the 11th Hour Project, the Energy Foundation, the Grantham Foundation, and the MacArthur Foundation. Principal Investigators: Anthony Leiserowitz, PhD Yale Program on Climate Change Communication [email protected] Edward Maibach, MPH, PhD George Mason University Center for Climate Change Communication [email protected] Connie Roser-Renouf, PhD George Mason University Center for Climate Change Communication [email protected] Geoff Feinberg Yale Program on Climate Change Communication [email protected] Seth Rosenthal, PhD Yale Program on Climate Change Communication [email protected] Cite as: Leiserowitz, A., Maibach, E., Roser-Renouf, C., Feinberg, G., & Rosenthal, S. (2016). Politics and global warming, Spring 2016. Yale University and George Mason University. New Haven, CT: Yale Program on Climate Change Communication.

 

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Reading notes: •

This report is based only on registered voters.



References to Republicans and Democrats throughout include registered voters who do not initially identify as Republicans or Democrats but who say they “lean” toward one party or the other in a follow-up question. The category “Independents” does not include any of these “leaners.”



In all tables and charts, bases specified are unweighted, but percentages are weighted.



Weighted percentages of each of the parties discussed in this report: Ø Ø Ø Ø Ø Ø Ø Ø



 

Democrats (total) including leaners: 47% Liberal Democrats including leaners: 24% Moderate/Conservative Democrats including leaners: 22% Independents excluding leaners: 10% Republicans (total) including leaners: 38% Liberal/Moderate Republicans including leaners: 14% Conservative Republicans including leaners: 24% No party/Not interested in politics/Refused: 6% (included in data reported for “All Registered Voters” only)

Trend data cited in the report can be found in Appendix I.

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Key Findings

This report focuses on how Americans (registered voters) across the political spectrum view global warming and how they think citizens and government should address it. Consistent with our prior surveys, we find that Democrats are more likely than Republicans to be convinced that human-caused global warming is happening and to support climate action. But we also find, similar to the findings in our Fall 2015 politics report1, that there is much more going on beneath the surface. One of the most interesting—and consistent—findings is a clear difference between liberal/moderate Republicans and conservative Republicans. In many respects, liberal/moderate Republicans are similar to moderate/ conservative Democrats on the issue of global warming, potentially forming a moderate, middle-ground public. Republicans are not a monolithic block of global warming policy opponents. Rather, liberal/moderate Republicans are often part of the mainstream of public opinion on climate change, while conservative Republicans’ views are often distinctly different than the rest of the American public. Some of the key findings are: •

An increasing number of registered voters think global warming is happening. Three in four (73%, up 7 points since Spring 2014) now think it is happening. Large majorities of Democrats—liberal (95%) and moderate/conservative (80%)—think it is happening, as do three in four Independents (74%, up 15 points since Spring 2014) and the majority of liberal/moderate Republicans (71%, up 10 points).



By contrast, only 47% of conservative Republicans think global warming is happening. Importantly, however, there has been a large increase in the number of conservative Republicans who think global warming is happening. In fact, conservative Republicans have experienced the largest shift of any group—an increase of 19 percentage points over the past two years.   Just over half of registered voters (56%) think that global warming is caused mostly by human activities, with an additional 4% who say that human activities and natural changes both play a role. A large majority of Democrats (75%, and 82% of liberal Democrats), half of liberal and moderate Republicans (49%), but only 26% of conservative Republicans think global warming is mostly human-caused.   Although numerous studies find that 97% of climate scientists are convinced human-caused global warming is happening, few American voters are aware of this. Only about one in six (16%) voters understand that 90% or more of climate scientists are convinced. Liberal Democrats (38%) are





                                                                                                                1

Leiserowitz, A., Maibach, E., Roser-Renouf, C., Feinberg, G., & Rosenthal, S. (2015) Politics & Global Warming, Fall 2015. Yale University and George Mason University. New Haven, CT: Yale Program on Climate Change Communication.

 

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nearly 10 times more likely than Republicans (4%) to understand that the scientific consensus is 90% or higher, but nonetheless a majority of liberal Democrats do not yet understand this either.   •

Over half (57%) of Americans say they are “very” or “somewhat” worried about global warming. Liberal Democrats are the most worried (88%), followed by moderate/conservative Democrats (67%). About half of Independents (49%) and liberal/moderate Republicans (48%) are worried about global warming. Relatively few conservative Republicans (21%) are worried.



Americans are more likely to vote for a presidential candidate who strongly supports taking action to reduce global warming. Asked if they would be more or less likely to vote for a presidential candidate who strongly supports action to reduce global warming, or if it would make no difference, registered voters are three times as likely to say they would be more (43%, up 7 percentage points since October, 2015) rather than less likely (14%) to vote for such a candidate.



Conversely, Americans are less likely to vote for a presidential candidate who strongly opposes taking action to reduce global warming. Asked if they would be more or less willing to vote for a presidential candidate who strongly opposes action to reduce global warming, registered voters are about four times more likely to vote against such a candidate, than to vote for them (45% vs. 11%, respectively).



Over half of Democrats (67%; 78% of liberals and 55% of moderates/ conservatives) and half of Independents (49%) say global warming will be among several important issues they consider when determining their vote for president this year.



Among the issues voters say will influence their vote for President in 2016, global warming ranked 19th in importance of the 23 issues asked about. However, it was the tenth most important issue to Democrats (sixth highest for liberal Democrats and 13th highest for moderate/conservative Democrats). By contrast, global warming was near or at the bottom of presidential voting priorities for Independents and Republicans.



Four in ten Americans (39%) think the American people can convince Congress to pass ambitious legislation to reduce global warming. The optimists outweigh the pessimists—only one in four (26%) think it is not possible. The balance—35%—are not sure.



About three in ten Americans (29%) would be willing to join – or are currently participating in – a campaign to convince elected officials to take action to reduce global warming. Nearly half of Democrats say they already have or would be willing to join a campaign (45%; 54% of liberal Democrats). One in four Independents would do so, and one in ten Republicans would as well (11%; 20% of liberal/moderate Republicans).

 

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In the past 12 months, few Americans have written letters, emailed, or phoned government officials about global warming (10%). The most likely to have done so are liberal Democrats (17%); the least likely are conservative Republicans (4%).



In the past 12 months, three in ten Americans have rewarded companies taking steps to reduce global warming by buying their products (30%). Most likely to have done so are liberal Democrats (43%); least likely are conservative Republicans (11%). In the same time frame, about one in four Americans (24%) say they have punished companies that oppose taking steps to reduce global warming by not buying their products. The most likely to have done so are liberal Democrats (43%); the least likely are conservative Republicans (8%).



Registered voters support a broad array of energy policies, including many designed to reduce carbon pollution and dependence on fossil fuels, and to promote clean energy. Democrats are the most likely to support such policies, but majorities of Independents and Republicans do as well, including: o Funding more research into renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power (84% of all registered voters, 91% of Democrats, 87% of Independents, and 75% of Republicans). o Providing tax rebates to people who purchase energy-efficient vehicles or solar panels (81% of all registered voters, 91% of Democrats, 84% of Independents, and 70% of Republicans). o Regulating carbon dioxide as a pollutant (75% of all registered voters, 88% of Democrats, 78% of Independents, and 61% of Republicans). o Requiring fossil fuel companies to pay a carbon tax and using the money to reduce other taxes such as income taxes by an equal amount (68% of all registered voters, 86% of Democrats, 66% of Independents, and 47% of Republicans).



Seven in ten registered voters (70%) support setting strict carbon dioxide emission limits on existing coal-fired power plants to reduce global warming and improve public health, even if the cost of electricity to consumers and companies would likely increase. Democrats (88%, 91% of liberal Democrats), Independents (67%) and liberal and moderate Republicans (67%) are all likely to support setting strict limits, however, only 37% of conservative Republicans support such limits.



Across party lines, over half of registered voters say corporations and industry should do much or somewhat more to address global warming (74% of registered voters; 88% of Democrats, 74% of Independents, and 56% of Republicans).

 

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1. Global Warming Beliefs and Attitudes

1.1. Increasing number of Americans think global warming is happening. An increasing number of registered voters think global warming is happening. Three in four (73%, up 7 points since Spring 2014) now think it is happening. Large majorities of Democrats—liberal (95%,) and moderate/conservative (80%)—think it is happening, as do three in four Independents (74%, up 15 points since Spring 2014) and the majority of liberal/moderate Republicans (71%, up 10 points). By contrast, only 47% of conservative Republicans think global warming is happening. Importantly, however, there has been a large increase in the number of conservative Republicans who think global warming is happening. In fact, conservative Republicans have experienced the largest shift of any group—an increase of 19 percentage points over the past two years.

 

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1.2. Half or more Democrats, Independents, and liberal/moderate Republicans think global warming is caused by human activities. Just over half of registered voters (56%) think that global warming is caused mostly by human activities, with an additional 4% who say that human activities and natural changes both play a role. A large majority of Democrats (75%, and 82% of liberal Democrats), half of liberal and moderate Republicans (49%), but only 26% of conservative Republicans think global warming is mostly human-caused.

 

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1.3. Few registered voters understand the scientific consensus on global warming. A recent review study by Cook and colleagues2 found that all peer-reviewed studies about the extent of the scientific consensus about global warming have reached similar conclusions: between 90% and 100% of climate experts are convinced that human-caused climate change is happening. The most rigorous of these studies have found that 97% of climate scientists are convinced that human-caused climate change is happening. Public understanding of the scientific consensus on global warming, however, is different than the expert consensus. Only about one in six registered voters (16%) estimate that 90% or more climate scientists are convinced. Liberal Democrats (38%) are nearly 10 times more likely than Republicans (4%) to understand that the scientific consensus is 90% or higher, but nonetheless a majority of liberal Democrats do not yet understand this either.

                                                                                                                2

Cook, J., Oreskes, N., Doran, P. T., Anderegg, W. R. I., Verheggen, B., Maibach, E. W., Carlton, J. S., Lewendowsky, S., Skuce, A. G., Green, S. A., Nuccitelli, D., Jacobs, P., Richardson, M., Winkler, B., Painting, R., & Rice., K. (2016). Consensus on consensus: A synthesis of consensus estimates on human-caused global warming. Environmental Research Letters 11(4). doi: 10.1088/1748-9326/11/4/048002

     

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1.4. A large majority of Democrats, and half of Independents and liberal/moderate Republicans, are “worried” about global warming. Over half (57%) of Americans say they are “very” or “somewhat” worried about global warming. Liberal Democrats are the most worried (88%), followed by moderate/conservative Democrats (67%). About half of Independents (49%) and liberal/moderate Republicans (48%) are worried about global warming. Relatively few conservative Republicans (21%) are worried.

 

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2. Global Warming as an Issue in the November 2016 Elections

2.1. Americans are more likely to vote for a presidential candidate who strongly supports taking action to reduce global warming. Americans are more likely to vote for a presidential candidate who strongly supports taking action to reduce global warming. Asked if they would be more or less likely to vote for a presidential candidate who strongly supports action to reduce global warming, or if it would make no difference, registered voters are three times as likely to say they would be more (43%, up 7 points since October, 2015) rather than less likely (14%) to vote for such a candidate.

 

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On balance, Democrats say they are much more likely than less likely to vote for a presidential candidate who strongly supports taking action to reduce global warming (+61 percentage points), which rises to +75 points among liberal Democrats. Likewise, Independents are +15 points and liberal and moderate Republicans are +22 points more likely to vote for such a candidate. Conservative Republicans, however, say they are less likely to vote for such a candidate (-22 points). Democrats are more likely to voice support on social media for a candidate who supports taking action to reduce global warming (+26 points). Republicans, conversely, are less likely to voice support on social media (-23 points). Democrats are more likely to donate money to the campaign of a presidential candidate who supports climate action (+21 points), but Independents and Republicans are less likely to (-17 and -22 points, respectively).

 

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2.2. Americans are less likely to vote for a presidential candidate who strongly opposes taking action to reduce global warming. Conversely, Americans are less likely to vote for a presidential candidate who strongly opposes taking action to reduce global warming. Asked if they would be more or less willing to vote for a presidential candidate who strongly opposes action to reduce global warming, registered voters are about four times more likely to vote against such a candidate, than to vote for them (45% vs. 11%, respectively).

Democrats, Independents and liberal/moderate Republicans are much less likely to vote for a candidate who opposes climate action (-63, -31, and -24 percentage points respectively). Conservative Republicans, on balance, say they are more likely to vote for such a candidate (+10 percentage points). Overall, Republicans and Independents are less likely to vote for candidates who oppose climate action than they are to vote for candidates who support climate action. This asymmetry indicates that presidential candidates who wish to appeal to Democrats, Independents and liberal/moderate Republicans should support climate action. Those who wish to appeal to

 

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conservative Republicans should oppose climate action, but will likely pay a political price for this stance with all other groups. Democrats, Independents and liberal/moderate Republicans are less likely to voice support on social media (-47, -25, and -13 percentage points, respectively) or donate money to the campaign of a candidate who opposes climate action (-54, -20, and -10 points, respectively).

 

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2.3. Over half of Democrats and half of Independents say global warming will be among several important issues in determining their vote for president this year. Over half of Democrats (67%; 78% of liberals and 55% of moderates/conservatives) and half of Independents (49%) say global warming will be among several important issues they consider when determining their vote for president this year. Very few Americans of any political affiliation say it will be the most important issue. A majority of Republicans say it will not be an important issue.

 

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Analyzed another way, there are a large number of registered voters who think global warming is happening and say the issue is important to their vote. By contrast, there are very few voters who think global warming is not happening and say the issue is important to their vote.

 

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2.4. One in three registered voters—but six in ten liberal Democrats—say global warming will be a very important issue when deciding whom to vote for in the 2016 presidential election. Compared to most other issues discussed by the presidential candidates, global warming is one that fewer than half of registered voters say will be very important to their vote. Liberal Democrats are the clear exception: six in ten (62%) say global warming will be a very important issue influencing their vote in 2016.

 

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Among the issues voters say will influence their vote for President in 2016, global warming ranked 19th in importance of the 23 issues asked about. However, it was the tenth most important issue to Democrats (sixth highest for liberal Democrats and 13th highest for moderate/conservative Democrats). By contrast, global warming was near or at the bottom of presidential voting priorities for Independents and Republicans.

 

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3. Political Action On Global Warming

3.1. Fewer than half of Americans—except liberal Democrats—think the American people can convince Congress to pass ambitious legislation to reduce global warming. Four in ten Americans (39%) think the American people can convince Congress to pass ambitious legislation to reduce global warming. The optimists outweigh the pessimists—only one in four (26%) think it is not possible. The balance—35%—are not sure. Democrats are the most optimistic (e.g., 55% of liberal Democrats think it can be done), whereas Republicans are the least optimistic (e.g., 23% conservative Republicans think it can be done).

 

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3.2. Three in ten Americans are willing to join a campaign to convince elected officials to reduce global warming. About three in ten Americans (29%) would be willing to join – or are currently participating in – a campaign to convince elected officials to take action to reduce global warming. Nearly half of Democrats say they already have or would be willing to join a campaign (45%; 54% of liberal Democrats). One in four Independents would do so, and one in ten Republicans would as well (11%; 20% of liberal/moderate Republicans).

 

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3.3. Few registered voters have contacted a government official about global warming in the past 12 months. In the past 12 months, few Americans have written letters, emailed, or phoned government officials about global warming (10%). The most likely to have done so are liberal Democrats (17%); the least likely are conservative Republicans (4%).

 

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4. Individual Action On Global Warming

4.1. Three in ten Americans have rewarded companies taking steps to reduce global warming. In the past 12 months, three in ten Americans have rewarded companies taking steps to reduce global warming by buying their products (30%). Most likely to have done so are liberal Democrats (43%); least likely are conservative Republicans (11%).

 

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4.2. One in four Americans has punished companies opposing steps to reduce global warming. In the past 12 months, about one in four Americans (24%) say they have punished companies that oppose taking steps to reduce global warming by not buying their products. The most likely to have done so are liberal Democrats (43%); the least likely are conservative Republicans (8%).

 

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5. Support for Government Action on Global Warming

5.1. Registered voters support diverse energy policies. Registered voters support a broad array of energy policies, including many designed to reduce carbon pollution and dependence on fossil fuels, and to promote clean energy. Democrats are the most likely to support such policies, but majorities of Independents and Republicans do as well, including: •

Funding more research into renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power (84% of all registered voters, 91% of Democrats, 87% of Independents, and 75% of Republicans).



Providing tax rebates to people who purchase energy-efficient vehicles or solar panels (81% of all registered voters, 91% of Democrats, 84% of Independents, and 70% of Republicans).



Regulating carbon dioxide as a pollutant (75% of all registered voters, 88% of Democrats, 78% of Independents, and 61% of Republicans).



Requiring fossil fuel companies to pay a carbon tax and using the money to reduce other taxes such as income taxes by an equal amount (68% of all registered voters, 86% of Democrats, 66% of Independents, and 47% of Republicans).

Conversely, fewer than half of Democrats support the expansion of offshore drilling for oil and natural gas off the U.S. coast (42%), while over half of registered voters (58%), including Independents (57%) and Republicans (78%), support it.

 

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5.2. Registered voters, except conservative Republicans, support setting strict carbon dioxide emission limits on existing coal-fired power plants. Seven in ten registered voters (70%) support setting strict carbon dioxide emission limits on existing coal-fired power plants to reduce global warming and improve public health, even if the cost of electricity to consumers and companies would likely increase. Democrats (88%, 91% of liberal Democrats), Independents (67%) and liberal and moderate Republicans (67%) are all likely to support setting strict limits, however, only 37% of conservative Republicans support such limits.

 

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5.3. Registered voters, except conservative Republicans, say the U.S. should reduce its greenhouse gas emissions, regardless of what other countries do. Most registered voters think the U.S. should reduce its greenhouse gas emissions, regardless of what other countries do (65%). Most likely to support this position are liberal Democrats (86%), moderate/conservative Democrats (74%), Independents (67%), and liberal/moderate Republicans (60%). Only a minority of conservative Republicans do (39%).

 

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5.4. A majority of registered voters want corporations, industry, and citizens to do more to address global warming. Across party lines, over half of registered voters say corporations and industry should do “much more” or “more” to address global warming (74% of registered voters; 88% of Democrats, 74% of Independents, and 56% of Republicans).

 

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Appendix I: Data Tables

What do you think: Do you think that global warming is happening? (Spring, 2014) Democrats

Unweighted Base Yes No Don't know

Total Registered Voters (860) % 66 21 14

Total (401) % 88 5 7

Liberal (202) % 93 3 4

Republicans

Mod/ Con (198) % 84 6 10

Ind/ Other (85)** % 59 26 15

Total (335) % 40 40 20

Liberal/ Mod (104) % 61 19 20

Con (228) % 28 51 20

What do you think: Do you think that global warming is happening? (Fall, 2015) Democrats

Unweighted Base Yes No Don't know

Total Registered Voters (1,070) % 68 17 15

Total (458) % 86 3 10

Liberal (254) % 92 3 5

Republicans

Mod/ Con (204) % 79 4 17

Ind/ Other (109) % 68 16 15

Total (443) % 51 32 17

Liberal/ Mod (137) % 65 11 23

Con (304) % 43 43 14

What do you think: Do you think that global warming is happening? (Spring, 2016) Democrats

Unweighted Base Yes No Don't know

 

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 73 11 15

Total (451) % 88 2 11

Liberal (249) % 95 2 3

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 80 1 19

Ind/ Other (103) % 74 11 15

Total (399) % 56 24 20

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 71 12 17

Con (267) % 47 32 21

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Assuming global warming is happening, do you think it is… (Fall, 2015) Democrats

Unweighted Base Caused mostly by human activities Caused mostly by natural changes in the environment Caused by both human activities and natural changes (volunteered) Other None of the above because global warming isn't happening

Republicans

Total Registered Voters (1,070) %

Total (458) %

Liberal (254) %

Mod/ Con (204) %

Ind/ Other (109) %

Total (443) %

Liberal/ Mod (137) %

Con (304) %

52

72

82

62

62

30

43

22

34

19

11

28

27

50

43

53

6

6

6

6

4

6

9

4

2

1

1

2

4

1

2

*

7

1

*

2

3

14

3

20

Assuming global warming is happening, do you think it is… (Spring, 2016) Democrats

Unweighted Base Caused mostly by human activities Caused mostly by natural changes in the environment Caused by both human activities and natural changes (volunteered) Other None of the above because global warming isn't happening

 

Republicans

Total Registered Voters (1,004) %

Total (451) %

Liberal (249) %

Mod/ Con (200) %

Ind/ Other (103) %

Total (399) %

Liberal/ Mod (132) %

Con (267) %

56

75

82

66

49

34

49

26

34

18

15

23

39

52

42

58

4

4

2

6

5

4

5

4

*

--

--

*

*

1

--

1

5

2

*

4

6

8

5

11

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To the best of your knowledge, what percentage of climate scientists think that human-caused global warming is happening? Please click on the slider bar below to indicate your answer. You can slide the indicator to the position that best describes your opinion. If the indicator does not work, you can enter a number in the number box. (Spring, 2014)

Democrats

Unweighted Base 0-10 11-20 21-30 31-40 41-50 51-60 61-70 71-80 81-90 91-100 Don't know enough to say

 

Republicans

Total Registered Voters (860) % 2 1 5 3 15 7 7 15 8 10

Total (401) % 2 1 4 2 11 4 8 19 12 17

Liberal (202) % 2 1 1 2 8 2 5 19 17 29

Mod/ Con (198) % 3 1 6 2 13 6 10 20 8 7

Ind/ Other (85)** % 4 3 5 1 16 9 4 12 9 7

Total (335) % 1 2 8 4 21 9 8 13 4 3

Liberal/ Mod (104) % 1 0 5 5 20 13 11 16 7 1

Con (228) % 2 4 9 4 23 8 7 10 3 4

25

20

14

25

29

27

22

28

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To the best of your knowledge, what percentage of climate scientists think that human-caused global warming is happening? Please click on the slider bar below to indicate your answer. You can slide the indicator to the position that best describes your opinion. If the indicator does not work, you can enter a number in the number box. (Fall, 2015) Democrats

Unweighted Base 0-10 11-20 21-30 31-40 41-50 51-60 61-70 71-80 81-90 91-100 Don't know enough to say

 

Republicans

Total Registered Voters (1,070) % 2 2 4 2 14 5 6 18 10 13

Total (458) % 0 1 2 1 9 4 6 19 13 25

Liberal (254) % 0 0 2 0 7 3 2 19 17 34

Mod/ Con (204) % 0 3 3 2 11 5 11 17 10 13

Ind/ Other (109) % 3 1 5 5 17 7 7 17 10 10

Total (443) % 3 2 6 3 17 6 5 20 7 5

Liberal/ Mod (137) % 1 0 4 4 16 8 5 23 9 5

Con (304) % 4 3 7 3 18 6 8 17 6 5

24

19

14

25

20

25

26

24

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To the best of your knowledge, what percentage of climate scientists think that human-caused global warming is happening? Please click on the slider bar below to indicate your answer. You can slide the indicator to the position that best describes your opinion. If the indicator does not work, you can enter a number in the number box. (Spring, 2016) Democrats

Unweighted Base 0-10 11-20 21-30 31-40 41-50 51-60 61-70 71-80 81-90 91-100 Don't know enough to say

 

Republicans

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 1 1 4 1 13 6 8 15 9 12

Total (451) % 0 0 2 1 11 3 8 19 12 20

Liberal (249) % 0 0 2 0 8 1 9 19 15 29

Mod/ Con (200) % 0 0 2 2 15 5 7 19 8 12

Ind/ Other (103) % 2 0 4 2 12 3 6 16 13 17

Total (399) % 2 2 6 2 17 10 9 11 5 3

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 2 1 5 1 12 10 11 15 5 3

Con (267) % 2 2 7 2 20 10 8 9 5 3

28

23

16

29

24

32

34

31

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How worried are you about global warming? (Spring, 2014) Democrats

Unweighted Base Very/Somewhat Very Somewhat Not very/Not at all Not very Not at all

Total Registered Voters (860) % 56 16 40 44 26 17

Total (401) % 81 27 54 19 15 5

Liberal (202) % 84 31 53 16 14 2

Republicans

Mod/ Con (198) % 77 23 54 23 16 7

Ind/ Other (85)** % 37 11 26 63 38 25

Total (335) % 30 3 27 70 37 33

Liberal/ Mod (104) % 51 6 45 49 38 11

Con (228) % 19 2 17 81 37 45

How worried are you about global warming? (Fall, 2015) Democrats

Unweighted Base Very/Somewhat Very Somewhat Not very/Not at all Not very Not at all

Total Registered Voters (1,070) % 56 15 41 45 29 16

Total (458) % 75 27 48 25 21 4

Liberal (254) % 83 35 48 18 14 3

Republicans

Mod/ Con (204) % 66 18 49 34 28 6

Ind/ Other (109) % 53 12 41 47 31 16

Total (443) % 36 4 31 65 37 28

Liberal/ Mod (137) % 50 8 43 50 40 10

Con (304) % 28 3 25 72 35 37

How worried are you about global warming? (Spring, 2016) Democrats

Unweighted Base Very/Somewhat Very Somewhat Not very/Not at all Not very Not at all

 

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 57 15 41 43 26 18

Total (451) % 78 26 52 22 17 5

Liberal (249) % 88 33 55 12 11 *

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 67 19 48 33 24 9

Ind/ Other (103) % 49 7 43 51 29 21

Total (399) % 31 4 27 69 37 32

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 48 8 41 52 33 18

Con (267) % 21 2 19 79 39 40

Politics & Global Warming, Spring 2016

35

If a candidate for U.S. President strongly supports taking action to reduce global warming, would you be more or less likely to do each of the following, or would it make no difference? I would be more or less likely to… Vote for the candidate (Fall, 2015) Democrats

Unweighted Base Much More/Somewhat More Much more Somewhat more No difference Much Less/Somewhat Less Somewhat Less Much Less Not sure Refused/Prefer not to answer

Total Registered Voters (1,070) % 36 17 19 31 16 4 12 10 7

Total (458) % 53 29 24 25 7 2 4 8 7

Liberal (254) % 67 42 25 17 6 2 4 5 6

Republicans

Mod/ Con (204) % 38 15 23 35 7 2 5 13 7

Ind/ Other (109) % 41 15 26 28 16 4 12 7 8

Total (443) % 21 7 14 38 26 7 20 10 6

Liberal/ Mod (137) % 35 13 22 38 12 4 7 13 3

Con (304) % 14 3 11 38 33 8 26 8 6

Vote for the candidate (Spring, 2016) Democrats

Unweighted Base Much More/Somewhat More Much more Somewhat more No difference Much Less/Somewhat Less Somewhat Less Much Less Not sure Refused/Prefer not to answer

 

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 43 23 19 30 14 5 10 7 5

Total (451) % 65 40 25 21 4 2 2 6 4

Liberal (249) % 80 56 23 9 5 3 2 4 3

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 50 24 27 34 3 1 2 8 4

Ind/ Other (103) % 33 17 16 29 18 6 12 11 9

Total (399) % 21 6 15 40 27 8 19 7 5

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 36 11 25 35 14 6 8 8 6

Con (267) % 13 3 10 42 35 9 26 6 4

Politics & Global Warming, Spring 2016

36

If a candidate for U.S. President strongly supports taking action to reduce global warming, would you be more or less likely to do each of the following, or would it make no difference? I would be more or less likely to… (Cont’d.) Donate money to the candidate’s campaign (Fall, 2015) Democrats

Unweighted Base Much More/Somewhat More Much more Somewhat more No difference Much Less/Somewhat Less Somewhat Less Much Less Not sure Refused/Prefer not to answer

Total Registered Voters (1,070) % 14 5 9 48 18 3 15 11 9

Total (458) % 26 10 16 48 8 3 4 10 9

Liberal (254) % 35 17 19 45 5 2 3 6 9

Republicans

Mod/ Con (204) % 15 2 13 51 11 5 7 14 9

Ind/ Other (109) % 12 4 8 47 21 0 21 8 11

Total (443) % 4 1 3 49 28 4 24 11 8

Liberal/ Mod (137) % 5 2 4 57 14 3 11 17 8

Con (304) % 3 * 3 45 37 5 32 7 8

Donate money to the candidate’s campaign (Spring, 2016) Democrats

Unweighted Base Much More/Somewhat More Much more Somewhat more No difference Much Less/Somewhat Less Somewhat Less Much Less Not sure Refused/Prefer not to answer

 

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 18 8 10 46 19 4 15 10 7

Total (451) % 31 15 16 43 10 4 6 11 6

Liberal (249) % 43 22 21 35 10 3 7 8 4

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 19 8 10 53 9 4 5 13 6

Ind/ Other (103) % 9 3 6 44 26 7 19 9 12

Total (399) % 7 1 5 50 29 3 25 7 7

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 13 3 10 54 15 3 12 9 8

Con (267) % 3 0 3 48 36 3 33 7 6

Politics & Global Warming, Spring 2016

37

If a candidate for U.S. President strongly supports taking action to reduce global warming, would you be more or less likely to do each of the following, or would it make no difference? I would be more or less likely to… (Cont’d.) Voice support for the candidate on Facebook, Twitter, or other social media (Fall, 2015) Democrats

Unweighted Base Much More/Somewhat More Much more Somewhat more No difference Much Less/Somewhat Less Somewhat Less Much Less Not sure Refused/Prefer not to answer

Total Registered Voters (1,070) % 18 9 9 43 17 2 14 13 9

Total (458) % 31 15 15 42 8 3 5 11 9

Liberal (254) % 43 24 19 34 5 2 4 8 9

Republicans

Mod/ Con (204) % 16 5 11 50 11 4 7 15 9

Ind/ Other (109) % 20 12 7 39 19 1 18 11 11

Total (443) % 6 3 4 48 27 3 24 12 8

Liberal/ Mod (137) % 15 6 9 52 11 2 10 17 5

Con (304) % 2 1 1 46 35 3 31 10 8

Voice support for the candidate on Facebook, Twitter, or other social media (Spring, 2016) Democrats

Unweighted Base Much More/Somewhat More Much more Somewhat more No difference Much Less/Somewhat Less Somewhat Less Much Less Not sure Refused/Prefer not to answer

 

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 21 11 10 43 18 4 14 10 7

Total (451) % 35 20 15 40 9 3 6 11 5

Liberal (249) % 45 28 17 34 8 2 7 9 4

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 26 12 14 48 9 4 5 13 5

Ind/ Other (103) % 14 2 12 42 23 4 19 8 12

Total (399) % 7 2 5 47 30 5 25 9 7

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 12 4 8 50 17 5 12 13 8

Con (267) % 4 1 3 46 37 5 32 7 6

Politics & Global Warming, Spring 2016

38

If a candidate for U.S. President strongly opposes taking action to reduce global warming, would you be more or less likely to do each of the following, or would it make no difference? I would be more or less likely to… Vote for the candidate (Fall, 2015) Democrats

Unweighted Base Much More/Somewhat More Much more Somewhat more No difference Much Less/Somewhat Less Somewhat Less Much Less Not sure Refused/Prefer not to answer

Total Registered Voters (1,070) % 13 7 6 29 43 14 28 9 7

Total (458) % 6 3 3 19 62 16 46 8 6

Liberal (254) % 5 3 3 10 75 16 59 4 5

Republicans

Mod/ Con (204) % 6 3 3 28 46 16 30 13 7

Ind/ Other (109) % 16 11 5 32 37 13 24 7 8

Total (443) % 21 11 10 38 27 14 14 8 5

Liberal/ Mod (137) % 11 3 8 35 41 20 21 8 5

Con (304) % 27 15 11 39 21 11 10 9 5

Vote for the candidate (Spring, 2016) Democrats

Unweighted Base Much More/Somewhat More Much more Somewhat more No difference Much Less/Somewhat Less Somewhat Less Much Less Not sure Refused/Prefer not to answer

 

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 11 5 5 31 45 13 33 7 6

Total (451) % 4 2 2 19 67 15 53 6 4

Liberal (249) % 5 4 2 7 81 13 68 4 3

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 2 1 1 32 52 16 36 8 5

Ind/ Other (103) % 9 7 2 31 40 17 24 8 11

Total (399) % 20 9 11 44 23 11 12 7 5

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 10 2 8 42 34 19 15 6 8

Con (267) % 27 14 13 45 17 6 10 7 5

Politics & Global Warming, Spring 2016

39

If a candidate for U.S. President strongly opposes taking action to reduce global warming, would you be more or less likely to do each of the following, or would it make no difference? I would be more or less likely to… (Cont’d.) Donate money to the candidate’s campaign (Fall, 2015) Democrats

Unweighted Base Much More/Somewhat More Much more Somewhat more No difference Much Less/Somewhat Less Somewhat Less Much Less Not sure Refused/Prefer not to answer

Total Registered Voters (1,070) % 8 3 5 40 33 4 29 11 8

Total (458) % 4 1 3 32 49 4 45 9 7

Liberal (254) % 4 1 3 24 60 4 56 5 7

Republicans

Mod/ Con (204) % 4 1 3 41 35 4 31 14 7

Ind/ Other (109) % 8 4 4 40 31 5 26 10 11

Total (443) % 14 6 7 50 21 5 16 9 7

Liberal/ Mod (137) % 6 2 4 51 24 5 20 11 8

Con (304) % 17 8 9 49 19 4 14 8 7

Donate money to the candidate’s campaign (Spring, 2016) Democrats

Unweighted Base Much More/Somewhat More Much more Somewhat more No difference Much Less/Somewhat Less Somewhat Less Much Less Not sure Refused/Prefer not to answer

 

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 6 3 2 42 38 7 31 7 8

Total (451) % 2 2 * 30 56 8 48 7 6

Liberal (249) % 3 2 * 20 68 7 61 5 4

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 1 1 -40 42 8 34 10 7

Ind/ Other (103) % 8 4 3 44 28 9 19 6 15

Total (399) % 10 5 5 57 20 5 14 6 6

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 3 1 2 52 28 10 18 7 10

Con (267) % 14 8 6 60 15 3 13 5 6

Politics & Global Warming, Spring 2016

40

If a candidate for U.S. President strongly opposes taking action to reduce global warming, would you be more or less likely to do each of the following, or would it make no difference? I would be more or less likely to… (Cont’d.) Voice support for the candidate on Facebook, Twitter, or other social media (Fall, 2015) Democrats

Unweighted Base Much More/Somewhat More Much more Somewhat more No difference Much Less/Somewhat Less Somewhat Less Much Less Not sure Refused/Prefer not to answer

Total Registered Voters (1,070) % 10 5 5 39 32 7 25 11 8

Total (458) % 6 2 4 30 47 7 39 10 8

Liberal (254) % 6 2 4 23 57 8 49 6 8

Republicans

Mod/ Con (204) % 6 3 4 38 33 6 27 15 8

Ind/ Other (109) % 11 9 2 42 26 7 19 10 10

Total (443) % 15 8 7 49 20 6 14 10 7

Liberal/ Mod (137) % 10 2 8 47 28 8 19 10 6

Con (304) % 18 11 7 50 16 5 11 10 7

Voice support for the candidate on Facebook, Twitter, or other social media (Spring, 2016) Democrats

Unweighted Base Much More/Somewhat More Much more Somewhat more No difference Much Less/Somewhat Less Somewhat Less Much Less Not sure Refused/Prefer not to answer

 

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 7 4 3 43 35 7 28 7 8

Total (451) % 5 3 1 30 52 9 43 8 6

Liberal (249) % 6 5 1 21 63 10 54 6 4

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 4 2 1 40 40 8 32 10 6

Ind/ Other (103) % 6 4 1 41 31 10 21 7 16

Total (399) % 12 6 6 59 15 4 11 7 7

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 6 2 5 57 19 5 14 8 9

Con (267) % 15 8 7 60 13 2 10 5 7

Politics & Global Warming, Spring 2016

41

The Importance of Global Warming as an Issue in the November 2016 Election How important will the candidates’ views on global warming be in determining your vote for President this year? Democrats

Unweighted Base The single most important issue One of several important issues Not an important issue Don’t know

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 2 49 37 12

Total (451) % 4 67 18 11

Liberal (249) % 5 78 11 5

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 2 55 26 17

Ind/ Other (103) % 1 49 38 8

Total (399) % 1 30 62 8

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 2 38 51 8

Con (267) % -24 68 8

How important the following issues be when you decide who you will vote for in the 2016 Presidential election? The economy Democrats

Unweighted Base Very important Moderately important Only a little important Not at all important Not sure Refused/Prefer not to answer

 

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 74 17 2 1 3 2

Total (451) % 73 19 3 1 3 2

Liberal (249) % 71 24 3 * * *

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 75 13 2 1 6 3

Ind/ Other (103) % 71 20 3 1 3 1

Total (399) % 77 17 2 1 2 1

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 74 20 1 1 3 2

Con (267) % 80 15 3 -1 1

Politics & Global Warming, Spring 2016

42

How important the following issues be when you decide who you will vote for in the 2016 Presidential election? (Cont’d.) Terrorism Democrats

Unweighted Base Very important Moderately important Only a little important Not at all important Not sure Refused/Prefer not to answer

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 66 20 5 3 3 3

Total (451) % 59 25 9 3 2 3

Liberal (249) % 52 30 12 4 1 *

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 66 20 4 2 3 4

Ind/ Other (103) % 67 21 6 3 2 1

Total (399) % 75 14 2 2 4 2

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 67 16 3 5 7 2

Con (267) % 80 13 1 1 2 2

Health care Democrats

Unweighted Base Very important Moderately important Only a little important Not at all important Not sure Refused/Prefer not to answer

 

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 62 26 6 2 3 2

Total (451) % 70 22 3 1 2 2

Liberal (249) % 71 24 2 1 * 1

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 69 20 3 1 4 1

Ind/ Other (103) % 55 30 8 3 2 1

Total (399) % 55 32 9 1 2 1

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 54 32 8 -5 2

Con (267) % 55 31 10 2 1 1

Politics & Global Warming, Spring 2016

43

How important the following issues be when you decide who you will vote for in the 2016 Presidential election? (Cont’d.) Social Security Democrats

Unweighted Base Very important Moderately important Only a little important Not at all important Not sure Refused/Prefer not to answer

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 57 28 7 3 3 2

Total (451) % 64 24 6 1 3 2

Liberal (249) % 57 32 6 3 1 1

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 72 16 7 * 4 1

Ind/ Other (103) % 61 24 7 4 2 1

Total (399) % 50 33 10 4 2 1

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 48 36 8 1 5 2

Con (267) % 51 32 10 5 * 1

Federal budget deficit Democrats

Unweighted Base Very important Moderately important Only a little important Not at all important Not sure Refused/Prefer not to answer

 

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 56 28 8 3 3 3

Total (451) % 47 35 10 3 3 2

Liberal (249) % 42 38 16 3 1 1

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 52 33 4 2 5 3

Ind/ Other (103) % 57 19 10 7 6 2

Total (399) % 68 22 5 1 2 2

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 61 26 6 -3 3

Con (267) % 73 19 5 2 1 1

Politics & Global Warming, Spring 2016

44

How important the following issues be when you decide who you will vote for in the 2016 Presidential election? (Cont’d.) Education Democrats

Unweighted Base Very important Moderately important Only a little important Not at all important Not sure Refused/Prefer not to answer

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 55 29 8 3 3 2

Total (451) % 66 23 5 1 3 2

Liberal (249) % 69 25 4 -2 1

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 64 20 5 2 6 2

Ind/ Other (103) % 49 34 7 4 2 3

Total (399) % 41 37 14 4 3 1

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 44 41 9 -5 2

Con (267) % 40 35 17 6 1 1

Tax reform Democrats

Unweighted Base Very important Moderately important Only a little important Not at all important Not sure Refused/Prefer not to answer

 

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 47 33 8 3 5 3

Total (451) % 42 34 11 3 6 4

Liberal (249) % 41 36 15 4 3 1

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 45 32 7 2 8 6

Ind/ Other (103) % 51 30 11 2 4 1

Total (399) % 53 35 5 2 3 2

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 48 37 8 -5 3

Con (267) % 56 33 4 3 3 1

Politics & Global Warming, Spring 2016

45

How important the following issues be when you decide who you will vote for in the 2016 Presidential election? (Cont’d.) Immigration reform Democrats

Unweighted Base Very important Moderately important Only a little important Not at all important Not sure Refused/Prefer not to answer

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 47 30 11 5 4 4

Total (451) % 36 37 15 6 4 4

Liberal (249) % 39 41 12 5 1 2

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 32 33 17 7 6 5

Ind/ Other (103) % 43 31 9 4 6 7

Total (399) % 62 23 9 3 2 1

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 57 27 8 2 5 2

Con (267) % 65 21 10 3 * 1

Gun control/rights Democrats

Unweighted Base Very important Moderately important Only a little important Not at all important Not sure Refused/Prefer not to answer

 

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 47 28 13 7 3 3

Total (451) % 47 29 12 6 2 3

Liberal (249) % 53 28 12 4 * 1

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 40 30 13 8 4 4

Ind/ Other (103) % 40 26 16 13 3 2

Total (399) % 49 28 13 6 2 1

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 45 32 12 5 5 2

Con (267) % 52 26 14 7 1 1

Politics & Global Warming, Spring 2016

46

How important the following issues be when you decide who you will vote for in the 2016 Presidential election? (Cont’d.) Foreign policy Democrats

Unweighted Base Very important Moderately important Only a little important Not at all important Not sure Refused/Prefer not to answer

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 45 35 10 3 5 2

Total (451) % 43 38 10 3 4 2

Liberal (249) % 44 41 10 3 2 1

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 42 35 10 2 8 2

Ind/ Other (103) % 44 29 11 6 6 4

Total (399) % 50 35 9 1 4 1

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 39 35 12 2 9 3

Con (267) % 56 35 6 1 1 1

Income gap between rich and poor Democrats

Unweighted Base Very important Moderately important Only a little important Not at all important Not sure Refused/Prefer not to answer

 

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 44 26 12 13 3 2

Total (451) % 63 27 4 1 2 2

Liberal (249) % 71 25 3 * * 1

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 54 31 6 2 4 3

Ind/ Other (103) % 34 26 12 19 4 4

Total (399) % 21 27 22 26 3 1

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 29 32 22 12 4 2

Con (267) % 17 24 22 35 2 1

Politics & Global Warming, Spring 2016

47

How important the following issues be when you decide who you will vote for in the 2016 Presidential election? (Cont’d.) Protecting the environment Democrats

Unweighted Base Very important Moderately important Only a little important Not at all important Not sure Refused/Prefer not to answer

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 43 32 14 6 3 2

Total (451) % 60 27 7 1 3 3

Liberal (249) % 70 22 4 1 * 2

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 49 34 10 1 5 2

Ind/ Other (103) % 43 33 14 6 2 1

Total (399) % 20 39 23 13 3 1

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 30 38 19 4 6 3

Con (267) % 14 39 26 17 2 1

Improving the nation’s roads, bridges, and powerlines Democrats

Unweighted Base Very important Moderately important Only a little important Not at all important Not sure Refused/Prefer not to answer

 

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 43 39 11 2 4 2

Total (451) % 53 34 7 1 4 2

Liberal (249) % 55 34 9 * * 1

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 52 34 5 1 7 1

Ind/ Other (103) % 42 39 13 2 2 1

Total (399) % 32 46 14 3 3 1

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 37 43 13 -4 2

Con (267) % 28 48 15 5 3 1

Politics & Global Warming, Spring 2016

48

How important the following issues be when you decide who you will vote for in the 2016 Presidential election? (Cont’d.) Energy independence Democrats

Unweighted Base Very important Moderately important Only a little important Not at all important Not sure Refused/Prefer not to answer

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 42 37 10 4 5 2

Total (451) % 46 35 10 2 5 2

Liberal (249) % 52 34 11 1 1 1

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 41 37 8 2 9 2

Ind/ Other (103) % 42 34 7 9 8 1

Total (399) % 37 43 10 6 3 1

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 37 45 10 2 5 2

Con (267) % 36 42 11 8 2 1

Supreme Court nominations Democrats

Unweighted Base Very important Moderately important Only a little important Not at all important Not sure Refused/Prefer not to answer

 

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 42 31 11 8 5 3

Total (451) % 42 31 11 9 4 2

Liberal (249) % 50 30 10 7 2 1

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 33 34 13 11 7 3

Ind/ Other (103) % 35 34 13 8 7 3

Total (399) % 46 33 11 5 4 2

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 24 44 16 8 5 4

Con (267) % 59 26 8 3 3 1

Politics & Global Warming, Spring 2016

49

How important the following issues be when you decide who you will vote for in the 2016 Presidential election? (Cont’d.) Developing sources of clean energy Democrats

Unweighted Base Very important Moderately important Only a little important Not at all important Not sure Refused/Prefer not to answer

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 37 35 15 7 3 3

Total (451) % 52 33 8 2 3 3

Liberal (249) % 60 29 8 1 * 1

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 44 38 7 1 6 3

Ind/ Other (103) % 35 41 13 4 2 4

Total (399) % 19 38 25 14 3 1

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 29 36 20 8 4 2

Con (267) % 13 38 27 18 3 1

Race relations Democrats

Unweighted Base Very important Moderately important Only a little important Not at all important Not sure Refused/Prefer not to answer

 

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 35 31 14 11 5 3

Total (451) % 51 28 8 6 4 4

Liberal (249) % 61 25 5 7 1 1

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 40 31 11 5 7 5

Ind/ Other (103) % 25 34 20 14 3 3

Total (399) % 19 36 22 17 5 2

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 25 38 15 12 9 2

Con (267) % 16 35 26 20 1 2

Politics & Global Warming, Spring 2016

50

How important the following issues be when you decide who you will vote for in the 2016 Presidential election? (Cont’d.) Abortion Democrats

Unweighted Base Very important Moderately important Only a little important Not at all important Not sure Refused/Prefer not to answer

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 34 24 15 17 5 5

Total (451) % 34 27 15 14 5 4

Liberal (249) % 40 27 13 15 2 2

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 28 28 18 13 7 5

Ind/ Other (103) % 23 27 13 28 5 5

Total (399) % 38 21 16 18 4 4

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 24 31 14 19 5 7

Con (267) % 45 15 17 17 3 2

Global warming Democrats

Unweighted Base Very important Moderately important Only a little important Not at all important Not sure Refused/Prefer not to answer

 

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 33 28 16 16 4 3

Total (451) % 52 30 11 2 3 2

Liberal (249) % 62 29 6 1 1 1

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 42 31 16 3 5 3

Ind/ Other (103) % 23 34 18 17 7 1

Total (399) % 13 26 22 34 3 2

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 19 33 22 16 7 3

Con (267) % 9 22 23 44 2 1

Politics & Global Warming, Spring 2016

51

How important the following issues be when you decide who you will vote for in the 2016 Presidential election? (Cont’d.) Campaign finance reform Democrats

Unweighted Base Very important Moderately important Only a little important Not at all important Not sure Refused/Prefer not to answer

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 29 29 18 12 8 3

Total (451) % 37 29 15 8 9 2

Liberal (249) % 45 23 18 10 4 1

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 29 36 12 7 14 2

Ind/ Other (103) % 31 34 17 9 8 1

Total (399) % 19 30 22 18 8 3

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 18 31 21 14 13 4

Con (267) % 19 30 23 20 5 3

Reforming Wall Street Democrats

Unweighted Base Very important Moderately important Only a little important Not at all important Not sure Refused/Prefer not to answer

 

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 30 31 18 12 7 3

Total (451) % 40 32 12 8 6 2

Liberal (249) % 44 33 13 7 2 1

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 36 31 11 9 10 2

Ind/ Other (103) % 28 34 16 13 8 1

Total (399) % 18 31 27 16 7 1

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 22 31 19 14 13 2

Con (267) % 15 30 33 17 4 1

Politics & Global Warming, Spring 2016

52

How important the following issues be when you decide who you will vote for in the 2016 Presidential election? (Cont’d.) International trade Democrats

Unweighted Base Very important Moderately important Only a little important Not at all important Not sure Refused/Prefer not to answer

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 28 43 16 4 6 3

Total (451) % 27 45 17 3 6 2

Liberal (249) % 28 47 18 4 2 1

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 26 43 16 2 10 3

Ind/ Other (103) % 27 43 10 10 8 1

Total (399) % 31 43 16 3 6 1

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 29 41 17 2 9 2

Con (267) % 32 44 15 4 4 1

Same-sex marriage Democrats

Unweighted Base Very important Moderately important Only a little important Not at all important Not sure Refused/Prefer not to answer

 

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 25 20 17 29 5 4

Total (451) % 27 23 19 22 5 4

Liberal (249) % 37 27 15 18 2 1

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 17 19 25 26 8 5

Ind/ Other (103) % 17 21 16 40 2 4

Total (399) % 26 18 14 35 4 3

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 17 26 11 32 9 5

Con (267) % 31 13 16 37 1 2

Politics & Global Warming, Spring 2016

53

Over the past 12 months, how many times have you done these things? Written letters, emailed, or phoned government officials about global warming. (Fall, 2015) Democrats

Unweighted Base Never Once A few times (2-3) Several times (4-5) Many times (6+) Don’t know

Total Registered Voters (1,070) % 86 4 4 1 1 3

Total (458) % 82 8 5 2 2 1

Liberal (254) % 77 10 7 2 3 1

Republicans

Mod/ Con (204) % 88 5 3 2 2 2

Ind/ Other (109) % 85 4 6 1 1 3

Total (443) % 92 1 3 1 0 4

Liberal/ Mod (137) % 90 3 4 2 0 2

Con (304) % 93 0 2 0 0 4

Over the past 12 months, how many times have you done these things? Written letters, emailed, or phoned government officials about global warming. (Spring, 2016) Democrats

Unweighted Base Never Once A few times (2-3) Several times (4-5) Many times (6+) Don’t know

 

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 87 3 4 2 * 3

Total (451) % 84 4 5 4 1 3

Liberal (249) % 81 5 6 5 1 2

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 87 2 3 3 * 4

Ind/ Other (103) % 89 3 2 2 -3

Total (399) % 92 1 4 * 1 2

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 86 2 6 1 1 86

Con (267) % 96 1 2 0 0 96

Politics & Global Warming, Spring 2016

54

Over the past 12 months, how many times have you done these things? Rewarded companies that are taking steps to reduce global warming by buying their products. (Fall, 2015) Democrats

Unweighted Base Never Once A few times (2-3) Several times (4-5) Many times (6+) Don’t know

Total Registered Voters (1,070) % 52 2 13 7 6 20

Total (458) % 45 3 16 10 11 16

Liberal (254) % 40 2 18 13 13 15

Republicans

Mod/ Con (204) % 50 4 14 7 8 18

Ind/ Other (109) % 51 2 9 11 4 23

Total (443) % 59 2 12 3 3 22

Liberal/ Mod (137) % 47 3 19 5 3 23

Con (304) % 66 1 8 2 3 21

Over the past 12 months, how many times have you done these things? Rewarded companies that are taking steps to reduce global warming by buying their products. (Spring, 2016) Democrats

Unweighted Base Never Once A few times (2-3) Several times (4-5) Many times (6+) Don’t know

 

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 49 3 12 9 7 21

Total (451) % 34 3 17 13 10 22

Liberal (249) % 27 3 19 15 15 20

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 42 3 15 10 5 25

Ind/ Other (103) % 53 3 6 10 7 21

Total (399) % 66 2 7 4 2 19

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 53 3 9 5 5 24

Con (267) % 73 1 6 3 * 16

Politics & Global Warming, Spring 2016

55

Over the past 12 months, how many times have you done these things? Punished companies that are opposing steps to reduce global warming by NOT buying their products. (Fall, 2015) Democrats

Unweighted Base Never Once A few times (2-3) Several times (4-5) Many times (6+) Don’t know

Total Registered Voters (1,070) % 58 2 11 5 4 20

Total (458) % 49 2 15 8 8 18

Liberal (254) % 43 3 16 11 11 16

Republicans

Mod/ Con (204) % 57 2 14 5 4 19

Ind/ Other (109) % 52 3 9 8 4 24

Total (443) % 67 3 8 2 2 20

Liberal/ Mod (137) % 56 4 14 1 4 22

Con (304) % 74 2 4 2 * 18

Over the past 12 months, how many times have you done these things? Punished companies that are opposing steps to reduce global warming by NOT buying their products. (Spring, 2016) Democrats

Unweighted Base Never Once A few times (2-3) Several times (4-5) Many times (6+) Don’t know

 

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 53 3 11 6 5 23

Total (451) % 38 4 17 8 6 26

Liberal (249) % 31 5 19 11 9 25

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 45 3 17 5 3 27

Ind/ Other (103) % 61 -4 7 10 18

Total (399) % 69 2 6 3 1 19

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 57 2 9 5 2 26

Con (267) % 77 1 4 2 1 15

Politics & Global Warming, Spring 2016

56

How willing or unwilling would you be to join a campaign to convince elected officials to take action to reduce global warming? (Spring, 2014) Democrats

Unweighted Base Doing now/Definitely would Doing now/Definitely would/Probably would Doing Now Definitely Would Probably Would Definitely would not/Probably would not Probably would not Definitely would not Not sure Refused/Prefer not to answer

Total Registered Voters (860) % 6 26 1 5 20 50 22 27 22 3

Total (401) % 11 41 3 8 30 32 20 11 24 3

Liberal (202) % 14 49 4 11 35 31 20 11 18 2

Republicans

Mod/ Con (198) % 8 34 2 7 26 32 21 12 29 5

Ind/ Other (85)** % 2 22 -2 20 50 19 31 27 1

Total (335) % 1 8 --8 73 27 46 17 1

Liberal/ Mod (104) % 2 13 1 1 11 64 35 30 23 --

Con (228) % -6 --6 79 24 55 14 1

How willing or unwilling would you be to join a campaign to convince elected officials to take action to reduce global warming? (Fall, 2015) Democrats

Unweighted Base Doing now/Definitely would Doing now/Definitely would/Probably would Doing Now Definitely Would Probably Would Definitely would not/Probably would not Probably would not Definitely would not Not sure Refused/Prefer not to answer

 

Republicans

Total Registered Voters (1,070) %

Total (458) %

Liberal (254) %

Mod/ Con (204) %

Ind/ Other (109) %

Total (443) %

Liberal/ Mod (137) %

Con (304) %

8 30 2 6 22 43 22 22 20 7

12 46 2 9 34 26 19 7 20 8

16 56 4 12 40 22 18 5 15 7

7 34 0 7 27 31 21 10 26 9

13 35 5 8 22 41 22 19 14 9

4 15 1 3 12 62 24 38 17 6

8 24 2 7 16 47 27 20 24 5

2 11 -2 9 70 23 47 13 6

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How willing or unwilling would you be to join a campaign to convince elected officials to take action to reduce global warming? (Spring, 2016) Democrats

Unweighted Base Doing now/Definitely would Doing now/Definitely would/Probably would Doing Now Definitely Would Probably Would Definitely would not/Probably would not Probably would not Definitely would not Not sure Refused/Prefer not to answer

Republicans

Total Registered Voters

Total

Liberal

Mod/ Con

Ind/ Other

Total

Liberal/ Mod

Con

(1,004)

(451)

(249)

(200)

(103)

(399)

(132)

(267)

%

%

%

%

%

%

%

%

10 29 2 8 19 41 21 20 22 8

15 45 4 11 30 26 20 6 22 7

20 54 6 14 35 19 15 4 24 3

10 35 2 8 25 34 25 8 21 11

9 24 -9 16 48 23 24 17 11

3 11 -3 8 61 24 37 20 8

6 20 -6 14 42 24 18 30 8

2 6 -2 4 72 24 48 14 8

In your opinion, within the next several years, if the American people want to, can they convince the U.S. Congress to pass ambitious legislation to reduce global warming? Democrats

Unweighted Base Definitely/Probably yes Yes, definitely Yes, probably Definitely/Probably no No, probably not No, definitely not Not sure

 

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 39 11 28 26 20 6 35

Total (451) % 48 16 31 23 21 2 29

Liberal (249) % 55 18 37 23 21 2 22

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 40 14 25 24 21 3 37

Ind/ Other (103) % 40 10 30 27 19 8 31

Total (399) % 29 5 24 31 21 10 40

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 38 8 30 21 15 5 42

Con (267) % 23 3 21 37 24 13 39

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How much do you support or oppose the following policies? Fund more research into renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power. (Fall, 2015) Democrats

Unweighted Base Strongly/Somewhat support Strongly support Somewhat support Strongly/Somewhat oppose Somewhat oppose Strongly oppose

Total Registered Voters (1,070) % 84 42 42 15 8 7

Total (458) % 92 56 36 8 5 2

Liberal (254) % 94 68 27 5 4 1

Republicans

Mod/ Con (204) % 89 43 46 10 7 4

Ind/ Other (109) % 85 40 45 15 8 7

Total (443) % 78 31 47 21 10 11

Liberal/ Mod (137) % 90 39 52 10 6 4

Con (304) % 72 27 45 27 12 15

Fund more research into renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power. (Spring, 2016) Democrats

Unweighted Base Strongly/Somewhat support Strongly support Somewhat support Strongly/Somewhat oppose Somewhat oppose Strongly oppose

 

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 84 43 41 15 8 7

Total (451) % 91 57 34 8 4 4

Liberal (249) % 95 67 28 4 2 3

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 87 47 40 11 5 5

Ind/ Other (103) % 87 45 42 13 9 4

Total (399) % 75 25 50 24 13 11

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 82 29 52 18 12 5

Con (267) % 72 23 48 27 13 14

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59

How much do you support or oppose the following policies? (Cont’d.) Provide tax rebates for people who purchase energy-efficient vehicles or solar panels. (Fall, 2015) Democrats

Unweighted Base Strongly/Somewhat support Strongly support Somewhat support Strongly/Somewhat oppose Somewhat oppose Strongly oppose

Total Registered Voters (1,070) % 80 34 46 20 11 8

Total (458) % 87 45 42 12 9 3

Liberal (254) % 91 55 36 9 6 3

Republicans

Mod/ Con (204) % 83 34 49 16 12 4

Ind/ Other (109) % 84 29 55 15 6 9

Total (443) % 73 26 47 27 14 13

Liberal/ Mod (137) % 85 35 50 14 12 2

Con (304) % 67 21 46 32 14 18

Provide tax rebates for people who purchase energy-efficient vehicles or solar panels. (Spring, 2016) Democrats

Unweighted Base Strongly/Somewhat support Strongly support Somewhat support Strongly/Somewhat oppose Somewhat oppose Strongly oppose

 

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 81 36 44 19 11 8

Total (451) % 91 49 42 8 4 4

Liberal (249) % 94 58 36 6 3 3

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 87 39 48 11 6 5

Ind/ Other (103) % 84 31 53 16 11 4

Total (399) % 70 23 48 29 15 13

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 79 30 49 21 15 6

Con (267) % 65 18 47 33 16 18

Politics & Global Warming, Spring 2016

60

How much do you support or oppose the following policies? (Cont’d.) Regulate carbon dioxide (the primary greenhouse gas) as a pollutant. (Fall, 2015) Democrats

Unweighted Base Strongly/Somewhat support Strongly support Somewhat support Strongly/Somewhat oppose Somewhat oppose Strongly oppose

Total Registered Voters (1,070) % 74 29 45 26 14 11

Total (458) % 86 42 44 14 11 3

Liberal (254) % 93 56 37 7 6 1

Republicans

Mod/ Con (204) % 78 27 51 21 16 5

Ind/ Other (109) % 74 25 49 25 14 11

Total (443) % 62 17 45 37 18 19

Liberal/ Mod (137) % 78 25 52 22 16 7

Con (304) % 55 13 42 44 19 26

Regulate carbon dioxide (the primary greenhouse gas) as a pollutant. (Spring, 2016) Democrats

Unweighted Base Strongly/Somewhat support Strongly support Somewhat support Strongly/Somewhat oppose Somewhat oppose Strongly oppose

 

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 75 31 44 24 13 10

Total (451) % 88 42 45 11 7 4

Liberal (249) % 93 50 44 7 4 3

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 82 35 47 16 11 5

Ind/ Other (103) % 78 34 44 22 15 8

Total (399) % 61 16 44 38 19 18

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 74 21 53 26 13 12

Con (267) % 53 14 39 45 23 22

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How much do you support or oppose the following policies? (Cont’d.) Require fossil fuel companies to pay a carbon tax and use the money to reduce other taxes (such as income tax) by an equal amount. (Fall, 2015) Democrats

Unweighted Base Strongly/Somewhat support Strongly support Somewhat support Strongly/Somewhat oppose Somewhat oppose Strongly oppose

Total Registered Voters (1,070) % 66 21 45 34 18 16

Total (458) % 79 32 46 21 15 6

Liberal (254) % 84 39 45 16 12 4

Republicans

Mod/ Con (204) % 73 24 49 27 19 8

Ind/ Other (109) % 69 18 51 30 13 17

Total (443) % 53 10 43 46 20 26

Liberal/ Mod (137) % 68 14 55 32 21 11

Con (304) % 46 8 38 53 20 33

Require fossil fuel companies to pay a carbon tax and use the money to reduce other taxes (such as income tax) by an equal amount. (Spring, 2016) Democrats

Unweighted Base Strongly/Somewhat support Strongly support Somewhat support Strongly/Somewhat oppose Somewhat oppose Strongly oppose

 

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 68 25 43 31 17 14

Total (451) % 86 35 50 13 9 4

Liberal (249) % 88 40 48 12 9 4

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 84 31 54 13 9 4

Ind/ Other (103) % 66 29 37 34 16 19

Total (399) % 47 13 35 51 25 26

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 65 18 47 35 22 12

Con (267) % 37 9 28 61 27 35

Politics & Global Warming, Spring 2016

62

How much do you support or oppose the following policies? (Cont’d.) Expand offshore drilling for oil and natural gas off the U.S. coast. (Fall, 2015) Democrats

Unweighted Base Strongly/Somewhat support Strongly support Somewhat support Strongly/Somewhat oppose Somewhat oppose Strongly oppose

Total Registered Voters (1,070) % 60 21 39 40 26 14

Total (458) % 42 11 31 57 34 23

Liberal (254) % 34 8 26 66 35 30

Republicans

Mod/ Con (204) % 52 14 38 47 32 15

Ind/ Other (109) % 62 20 41 37 24 13

Total (443) % 79 32 46 20 17 4

Liberal/ Mod (137) % 69 20 49 32 23 8

Con (304) % 84 39 45 15 13 2

Expand offshore drilling for oil and natural gas off the U.S. coast. (Spring, 2016) Democrats

Unweighted Base Strongly/Somewhat support Strongly support Somewhat support Strongly/Somewhat oppose Somewhat oppose Strongly oppose

 

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 58 20 38 41 24 17

Total (451) % 42 10 32 57 29 28

Liberal (249) % 36 10 26 64 28 36

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 49 11 39 49 30 19

Ind/ Other (103) % 57 9 48 43 24 19

Total (399) % 78 36 42 21 16 4

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 71 26 46 28 22 6

Con (267) % 82 42 40 17 13 3

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63

How much do you support or oppose the following policy? Set strict carbon dioxide emission limits on existing coal-fired power plants to reduce global warming and improve public health. Power plants would have to reduce their emissions and/or invest in renewable energy and energy efficiency. The cost of electricity to consumers and companies would likely increase. (Spring, 2014) Democrats

Unweighted Base Strongly/Somewhat support Strongly support Somewhat support Strongly/Somewhat oppose Somewhat oppose Strongly oppose

Total Registered Voters (860) % 64 19 45 35 22 13

Total (401) % 82 29 53 18 13 4

Liberal (202) % 89 40 50 11 9 1

Republicans

Mod/ Con (198) % 76 19 57 23 17 7

Ind/ Other (85)** % 48 20 29 50 30 20

Total (335) % 43 9 34 57 33 24

Liberal/ Mod (104) % 65 15 50 35 25 11

Con (228) % 31 5 26 69 38 31

How much do you support or oppose the following policy? Set strict carbon dioxide emission limits on existing coal-fired power plants to reduce global warming and improve public health. Power plants would have to reduce their emissions and/or invest in renewable energy and energy efficiency. The cost of electricity to consumers and companies would likely increase. (Fall, 2015) Democrats

Unweighted Base Strongly/Somewhat support Strongly support Somewhat support Strongly/Somewhat oppose Somewhat oppose Strongly oppose

 

Total Registered Voters (1,070) % 65 20 46 33 18 15

Total (458) % 84 30 54 15 8 8

Liberal (254) % 92 40 52 8 6 2

Republicans

Mod/ Con (204) % 75 20 55 24 10 14

Ind/ Other (109) % 65 21 44 35 16 19

Total (443) % 47 10 37 52 30 22

Liberal/ Mod (137) % 66 18 49 34 27 7

Con (304) % 37 6 31 62 31 31

Politics & Global Warming, Spring 2016

64

How much do you support or oppose the following policy? Set strict carbon dioxide emission limits on existing coal-fired power plants to reduce global warming and improve public health. Power plants would have to reduce their emissions and/or invest in renewable energy and energy efficiency. The cost of electricity to consumers and companies would likely increase. (Spring, 2016) Democrats

Unweighted Base Strongly/Somewhat support Strongly support Somewhat support Strongly/Somewhat oppose Somewhat oppose Strongly oppose

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 70 24 45 29 17 12

Total (451) % 88 40 49 11 8 2

Liberal (249) % 91 50 41 9 8 1

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 85 28 57 13 9 4

Ind/ Other (103) % 67 18 49 32 19 13

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 67 12 54 33 19 13

Total (399) % 48 8 40 50 26 24

Con (267) % 37 6 32 61 30 31

The United States should reduce its greenhouse gas emissions... Democrats

Unweighted Base Regardless of what other countries do Only if other industrialized countries (such as England, Germany, and Japan) reduce their emissions Only if other industrialized countries and developing countries (such as China, India, and Brazil) reduce their emissions The U.S. should not reduce its emissions Don't know

 

Republicans

Total Registered Voters (1,004) %

Total (451) %

Liberal (249) %

Mod/ Con (200) %

Ind/ Other (103) %

Total (399) %

Liberal/ Mod (132) %

Con (267) %

65

80

86

74

67

47

60

39

3

3

3

2

2

4

5

4

9

4

5

3

3

16

15

17

7

1

--

1

7

15

3

22

17

13

6

20

21

47

18

18

Politics & Global Warming, Spring 2016

65

Do you think each of the following should be doing more or less to address global warming? Corporations and industry (Fall, 2015) Democrats

Unweighted Base Much More/More Much more More Currently doing the right amount Much Less/Less Less Much Less

Total Registered Voters (1,070) % 73 40 33 16 11 4 7

Total (458) % 87 54 33 10 4 1 3

Liberal (254) % 92 64 28 5 3 1 2

Republicans

Mod/ Con (204) % 81 43 38 14 5 2 3

Ind/ Other (109) % 73 46 27 14 12 7 5

Total (443) % 59 23 36 23 18 6 12

Liberal/ Mod (137) % 73 35 38 18 9 4 5

Con (304) % 52 17 35 25 22 8 15

Corporations and industry (Spring, 2016) Democrats

Unweighted Base Much More/More Much more More Currently doing the right amount Much Less/Less Less Much Less

 

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 74 40 33 16 9 4 6

Total (451) % 88 56 33 10 2 * 1

Liberal (249) % 93 66 27 7 ----

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 83 45 38 14 3 1 2

Ind/ Other (103) % 74 38 36 15 11 4 7

Total (399) % 56 22 34 24 19 9 11

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 69 29 40 21 8 3 5

Con (267) % 48 18 30 25 26 11 14

Politics & Global Warming, Spring 2016

66

Do you think each of the following should be doing more or less to address global warming? (Cont’d.) Citizens themselves (Fall, 2015) Democrats

Unweighted Base Much More/More Much more More Currently doing the right amount Much Less/Less Less Much Less

Total Registered Voters (1,070) % 68 23 45 20 12 6 6

Total (458) % 83 30 53 14 3 3 1

Liberal (254) % 87 35 52 10 3 3 --

Republicans

Mod/ Con (204) % 78 24 54 19 3 2 1

Ind/ Other (109) % 67 29 38 17 15 11 4

Total (443) % 54 16 38 26 20 9 11

Liberal/ Mod (137) % 67 23 44 22 11 7 5

Con (304) % 47 13 35 29 24 9 14

Citizens themselves (Spring, 2016) Democrats

Unweighted Base Much More/More Much more More Currently doing the right amount Much Less/Less Less Much Less

 

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 69 27 42 20 10 4 6

Total (451) % 86 37 49 12 2 1 1

Liberal (249) % 92 44 48 7 * -*

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 78 28 50 18 4 2 2

Ind/ Other (103) % 66 31 35 26 8 3 4

Total (399) % 51 14 37 28 20 9 11

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 63 18 45 24 12 7 5

Con (267) % 43 11 32 30 25 11 14

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67

Do you think each of the following should be doing more or less to address global warming? (Cont’d.) The U.S. Congress (Fall, 2015) Democrats

Unweighted Base Much More/More Much more More Currently doing the right amount Much Less/Less Less Much Less

Total Registered Voters (1,070) % 59 26 33 20 20 9 11

Total (458) % 77 39 38 18 5 3 2

Liberal (254) % 86 49 36 10 4 4 *

Republicans

Mod/ Con (204) % 67 27 40 27 6 2 4

Ind/ Other (109) % 61 28 32 10 28 10 18

Total (443) % 41 14 27 24 35 16 19

Liberal/ Mod (137) % 53 20 33 28 19 11 8

Con (304) % 34 10 25 22 43 18 25

The U.S. Congress (Spring, 2016) Democrats

Unweighted Base Much More/More Much more More Currently doing the right amount Much Less/Less Less Much Less

 

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 62 30 32 22 15 7 8

Total (451) % 83 43 39 14 3 2 1

Liberal (249) % 91 54 37 8 1 1 --

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 74 32 42 21 5 3 2

Ind/ Other (103) % 60 33 27 27 13 6 8

Total (399) % 38 12 26 30 32 16 16

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 53 18 35 29 17 11 6

Con (267) % 28 9 20 30 40 18 22

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Do you think each of the following should be doing more or less to address global warming? (Cont’d.) Your member of Congress (Spring, 2016) Democrats

Unweighted Base Much More/More Much more More Currently doing the right amount Much Less/Less Less Much Less

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 59 23 36 26 15 7 7

Total (451) % 77 31 46 20 3 2 1

Liberal (249) % 85 37 48 15 * * --

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 67 24 44 26 7 4 2

Ind/ Other (103) % 60 29 31 26 14 8 7

Total (399) % 37 11 26 33 29 15 14

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 52 17 35 31 16 11 5

Con (267) % 28 8 20 34 36 17 19

Your governor (Spring, 2016) Democrats

Unweighted Base Much More/More Much more More Currently doing the right amount Much Less/Less Less Much Less

 

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 56 20 37 29 14 7 7

Total (451) % 73 28 45 24 3 2 1

Liberal (249) % 81 35 45 18 1 1 --

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 64 20 45 32 4 2 1

Ind/ Other (103) % 58 22 36 31 10 4 6

Total (399) % 36 9 27 34 28 14 14

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 48 12 35 33 18 12 5

Con (267) % 29 8 21 35 34 16 19

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Do you think each of the following should be doing more or less to address global warming? (Cont’d.) Your local government officials (Spring, 2016) Democrats

Unweighted Base Much More/More Much more More Currently doing the right amount Much Less/Less Less Much Less

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 56 18 38 31 13 6 7

Total (451) % 73 25 48 24 3 2 1

Liberal (249) % 79 28 52 21 ----

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 66 21 45 29 5 4 1

Ind/ Other (103) % 52 20 32 36 12 4 8

Total (399) % 36 9 28 36 26 12 14

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 53 20 32 36 16 4 8

Con (267) % 27 12 42 29 32 9 6

President Obama (Fall, 2015) Democrats

Unweighted Base Much More/More Much more More Currently doing the right amount Much Less/Less Less Much Less

 

Total Registered Voters (1,070) % 48 15 33 28 24 9 16

Total (458) % 59 16 44 37 4 2 2

Liberal (254) % 65 18 47 32 4 2 *

Republicans

Mod/ Con (204) % 52 12 40 42 6 2 4

Ind/ Other (109) % 45 17 28 26 28 9 19

Total (443) % 36 13 23 18 45 16 30

Liberal/ Mod (137) % 50 20 30 24 26 15 11

Con (304) % 29 9 20 15 55 17 39

Politics & Global Warming, Spring 2016

70

Do you think each of the following should be doing more or less to address global warming? (Cont’d.) President Obama (Spring, 2016) Democrats

Unweighted Base Much More/More Much more More Currently doing the right amount Much Less/Less Less Much Less

 

Total Registered Voters (1,004) % 49 18 31 31 20 7 13

Total (451) % 62 20 41 36 3 2 1

Liberal (249) % 67 23 44 32 * * --

Republicans

Mod/ Con (200) % 56 17 39 39 5 3 2

Ind/ Other (103) % 46 23 22 36 19 7 12

Total (399) % 34 13 21 23 42 15 26

Liberal/ Mod (132) % 48 17 31 24 27 16 11

Con (267) % 26 11 15 23 50 15 35

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Appendix II: Survey Method

The data in this report are based on a nationally representative survey of 1,004 American adults, aged 18 and older, who are registered to vote. The survey was conducted March 18–31, 2016. All questionnaires were self-administered by respondents in a web-based environment. The survey took, on average, about 26 minutes to complete. The sample was drawn from GfK’s KnowledgePanel®, an online panel of members drawn using probability sampling methods. Prospective members are recruited using a combination of random digit dial and address-based sampling techniques that cover virtually all (non-institutional) resident phone numbers and addresses in the United States. Those contacted who would choose to join the panel but do not have access to the Internet are loaned computers and given Internet access so they may participate. The sample therefore includes a representative cross-section of American adults – irrespective of whether they have Internet access, use only a cell phone, etc. Key demographic variables were weighted, post survey, to match US Census Bureau norms. The survey instrument was designed by Anthony Leiserowitz, Geoff Feinberg, and Seth Rosenthal of Yale University, and Edward Maibach and Connie Roser-Renouf of George Mason University. Margins of error All samples are subject to some degree of sampling error—that is, statistical results obtained from a sample can be expected to differ somewhat from results that would be obtained if every member of the target population was interviewed. Average margins of error, at the 95% confidence level, are as follows: •

Total registered Americans 18+: Plus or minus 3 percentage points.

• • • • • • •

Democrats (total): Plus or minus 5 points. Liberal Democrats: Plus or minus 6 points. Moderate/conservative Democrats: Plus or minus 7 points. Independents: Plus or minus 10 points. Republicans (total): Plus or minus 5 points. Liberal/moderate Republicans: Plus or minus 9 points. Conservative Republicans: Plus or minus 6 points.

Rounding error For tabulation purposes, percentage points are rounded off to the nearest whole number. As a result, percentages in a given chart may total slightly higher or lower than 100%. Summed response categories (e.g., “strongly support” + “somewhat support”) are also rounded.

 

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72

Appendix III: Demographics Registered Voters

Total

 

N (unweighted) 1,004

% (weighted) 100

Men Women

494 510

48 52

Millennial (18-34) Generation X (35-50) Baby Boomer (51-69) WWII (70+)

181 224 436 163

24 25 39 13

Less than high school High school graduate Some college/Associate degree/Technical degree College graduate Post graduate

51 234 316 222 181

9 26 31 19 15