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those hazardous materials in the 2010 Toyota Camry. Members: Megan ... Fuel Hoses. Fuse Box. Engine Compartment. Electronics (3). Dash. Electronics (5).
DESIGN FOR RECYCLING under extended producer responsibility RESULTS

Navigation Display (1.2 mg)

ABS Applications (3 g)

HID Headlight Bulbs (20 mg)

Ride Control Systems (4 g)

Instrument Panel Bulb (40 mg)

(EPR) requires auto manufacturers to Total

12.9 kg Wheel Balance Weights (250 g)

Zinc Coatings (1g)

Vibration Dampers (300 g)

Steel Alloys (50 g) PVC (60 g)

Battery (11 kg)

Electronics (100 g)

Other

tion.The cost to

Removing Mercury Total Cost per Vehicle: $12.38

Model Description Labor Rate Removal Cost Part Removal Time

Total Cost Disposal Cost SOC Content

disposal costs for parts containing those hazardous materials in the 2010 Toyota Camry.

SOC Amount Removed

R y r ercu

M e g a r e v A

$93.77 per vehicle,

Total

C l a v o m e

61.2 mg

and the cost to cury is $12.34 per

) g m / $ ( ost

HID Headlight Bulbs Mercury Content: 20 mg Average Cost: $0.11

remove the lead is

remove the mer-

METHODOLOGY

Savings per vehicle after redesign

reduce the cost of complying with EPR

$11.98

$2.00

Main Body Control Unit

$1.50

Power Window Electronics (4)

mal design decision in the il-

$1.00

Cabin Electronics (2) Dash Electronics (5)

Cost of Alternatives ($/g)

lustrated scenario, at a

Fuel Hoses

$0.50 cost of alternatives,

0

20

$0.50

Engine Compartment Electronics (3) Fuse Box Navigation System

40

60

80

100

120

140

Lead Content (g)

the manufacturer is able to

Cost-Minimizing Design Decision under EPR

reduce this cost by $11.98 per vehicle.

spark plugs.The average cost per gram removed varies from $0.10 for infor multidisplay illumina-

nants during the dismantling stage of the vehicle life cycle.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

end of life. The average cost

strument panel bulbs to $4.49

choices under EPR by considering the cost of removing contami-

by considering disassembly and

from vehicles at their

$5

Total

Data Source: Gearhart 2003

proach, the manufacturer is able to

$2.50

Spark Plugs

$44.55 per vehicle. By making the opti-

$4

Currently Removed

NPV Average Lead Removal Cost ($/g)

moved, but

per gram of lead removal varies from $0.11 for fuel hoses to $5.24 for

Removal not Possible

By using a life cycle management ap-

policy. The NPV of the EPR cost is

currently removed

Fuel Hoses Lead Content: 40 g Average Cost: $0.11

Implications for Manufacturers

feasibly be rewhich are not

Aluminum Alloys (121 g)

Removal Possible

To understand the financial implications of automobile design

moval costs for lead and mercury

Removing Lead Total Cost per Vehicle: $93.77

Spark Plugs Lead Content: 0.6 g Average Cost: $5.24

Main Body Control Unit Lead Content: 3.8 g Average Cost: $4.54

Phased Out

OBJECTIVE

Our model estimates end of life re-

parts which can

$3

end of life removal costs.

Fuel Hoses (40 g)

Copper Alloys (1 kg)

mercury exist in

140.6 g

Navigation System Lead Content: 25 g Average Cost: $0.24

373 g Spark Plugs (0.6 g)

order to make that choice, manufacturers require information about the

Data Source: Griffith 2001

Other (373 g)

Total

Fuse Box Lead Content: 7g Average Cost: $0.41

Historic and Current Automotive Lead Uses

their product vs. the removal of contaminants at End of Life (EOL). In

Other

Engine Compartment Electronics (3) Lead Content: 22.7g Average Cost: $0.48

e g a Aver

d a e L

al v o Rem

$2

choose between the redesign of

Dash Electronics (5) Lead Content: 19 g Average Cost: $0.84

Multidisplay Illumination (1.2 mg)

lead and 61 mg of

) g / $ t( s o C $5

Convenience Light Switches (1.5 g)

$1

cury. Extended producer responsibility

Entertainment System (1.2 mg)

$4

substances including lead and mer-

63.6 mg

$3

a variety of environmentally harmful

Other (63.6 mg)

8.56 g

We find that 141 g of

Power Window Electronics (4) Lead Content: 15 g Average Cost: $1.57

Cabin Electronics (2) Lead Content: 7.5 g Average Cost: $1.28

$2

Automobiles are manufactured using

Historic and Current Automotive Mercury Uses

ANALYSIS

$1

BACKGROUND

Instrument Panel Bulb Mercury Content: 40 mg Average Cost: $0.10

Implications for Policy Makers Requiring manufacturers to eliminate the use of

vehicle. Across the

$2.00

outcome if the price of alternatives exceeds the

Main Body Control Unit

Power Window Electronics (4)

Additional Cost

Dash Electronics (5)

Cost of Alternatives ($/g)

the manufacturer will incur an additional cost

Fuel Hoses

0

20

$0.50

Engine Compartment Electronics (3) Fuse Box Navigation System

40

60

80

100

120

Lead Content (g)

of $37.73 per vehicle over

this amounts to 46 metric tons of

the optimal design EPR scenario.

Sub-Optimal Result of Lead Ban

lead, which can be removed at a cost of $31M, and 20 kg of mercury, which can be removed at a cost of $4M.

External Advisors: David Raney, Herb Lieberman

Members: Megan Barker, Jonathan Chang, Anastasiya Lazareva, Justin Lichter, Todd Matson

Client: Sims Metal Management

Faculty Advisor: Sangwon Suh

$1.00

Cabin Electronics (2)

per Vehicle: $37.73

entire 2010 Camry fleet,

TEAM

$1.50

EOL removal costs. We can see that in the Lead cost of lead alternatives,

BREN SCHOOL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & MANAGEMENT UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SANTA BARBARA

$2.50

Spark Plugs

lead-containing parts can lead to a sub-optimal

Ban scenario, at a $0.50 Multidisplay Illumination Mercury Content: 1.2 mg Average Cost: $4.98

NPV Average Lead Removal Cost ($/g)

140