Practice Quiz: AP Biology Chapter 21

Practice Quiz: AP Biology Chapter 21 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

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Describe the general characteristics and structures of a virus. How can virus’ be classified? Why don’t we consider them “living” and where could they have come from? In general how do virus’ reproduce? Name and describe the stages of the two cycles of the bacteriophage: a. Lytic b. Lysogenic What are some modifications found in animal virus’? What are some of the special concerns relating to virus’? Differentiate between a viroid and a prion. Who discovered bacteria and what are their key characteristics and structures? Describe the following terms relating to bacterial reproduction: a. binary fission b. conjugation c. transformation d. transduction e. endospore Which of the terms in question 10 involve variations in the viral nucleic acid? What are three different ways bacteria can relate to oxygen? (3 terms) Differentiate between: a. autotrophs and heterotrophs b. phototrophs and chemoautotrophs c. chemoautotrophs and chemoheterotrophs d. saprotrophs and detritivores What can bacteria produce for us? Name, describe and give an example of each of the three types of symbiotic relationships. What is a pathogen and what can it do? In differentiating between bacteria:

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a. What is a Gram stain? b. What re the shapes? c. What other criteria might be used? Why are cyanobacteria important? (Two KEY processes) Describe the key characteristics of cyanobacteria: a. where are they found? b. how do they stain? c. what colors can they be? d. who can they have a relationship with? e. other key characteristics? Relating the domain Archaea to the other two domains…. a. how are they similar to bacteria? b. different from bacteria? c. same as eucarya? d. completely unique? What key process can’t you find in any Archaea? Name and describe the three types of Archaea.