Prentice Hall Writing and Grammar Teacher's Edition ... - Pearson

Prentice Hall Writing and Grammar Teacher’s Edition Grade 12 © 2008 Correlated to: Prentice Hall Literature Grade 12 © 2010 Prentice Hall Writing and Grammar, Teacher’s Edition Grade 12 © 2008

Prentice Hall Literature Grade 12 © 2010

Table of Contents

Student Edition and Teacher’s Edition

PART 1: Writing, 1 Chapter 1: The Writer in You, 2 Writing in Everyday Life, 2

Writing Workshop: Reflecting on Your Writing, 221, 449, 701, 927, 1107, 1475; Workplace Writing, R35–R42 Purpose, consider, 177, 189; Reflecting on Your Writing, 221, 449, 701, 927, 1107, 1475; also see: Topic, choose/narrow, 121, 215, 306, 443, 645, 695, 921, 932, 1097, 1112, 1206, 1243, 1270, 1357, 1469 The Prentice Hall Literature program incorporates in every unit opportunities to communicate students’ thoughts, opinions, and knowledge through writing activities.

Why Write?, 3

Developing Your Writing Life, 3

Writing Workshop: Autobiographical narrative, 214–221, Persuasive essay, 442–449, Reflective essay, 694–701, Multimedia presentation, 920– 927, Research: historical investigation, 1096– 1107, Narration: short story, 1468–1475 Writing Lesson, 66, 121, 136, 153, 197, 262, 271, 280, 306, 341, 377, 398, 418, 492, 502, 538, 597, 627, 645, 663, 745, 754, 766, 794, 851, 865, 879, 879, 894, 975, 988, 1008, 1051, 1084, 1095, 1186, 1206, 1243, 1270, 1307, 1431 Writing Workshop: Reflecting on Your Writing & Rubric for Self-Assessment, 221, 449, 701, 927, 1107, 1475; Guide to Rubrics, R43–R46 Writing Workshop: Reflecting on Your Writing, 221, 449, 701, 927, 1107, 1475 Cultural Connection: Folk ballads, 205, Stagecraft at the Globe, 369; Literature in Context: The sound of medieval music, 211, The Greek chorus and players, 424, Fashions of the times, 640, Dylan Thomas and poetry in performance, 1391; Close-up on Art: Values of Empire and the Values of Art, 947; History Connection: The real Macbeth, 408; Science Connection: Anglo-Saxon metalwork, 54; Essential Question Workshops: Annotated Film Database 455 21st Century Skills, R47–R52; Research and Technology Handbook, R53–R54; also see: Writing Workshop: Multimedia Presentation, 920– 927, Publishing and Presenting, 1475; Research and Technology: Brochure, 248; Writing Lesson: Internet Publication, 701

What Are the Qualities of Good Writing?, 7

Reflecting on Your Writing, 7 Spotlight on the Humanities: meaning communicated in the arts, 8

Media and Technology Skills: word–processing, 9

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Chapter 2: A Walk Through the Writing Process, 12 2.1 What Is Prewriting?, 14

Writing Workshop: Prewriting, 215, 443, 695, 921, 1097, 1469; Writing Lesson: Prewriting, 66, 121, 136, 153, 197, 226, 262, 271, 280, 306, 341, 359, 377, 398, 418, 454, 492, 502, 538, 597, 627, 645, 663, 706, 706, 745, 754, 766, 794, 851, 865, 879, 894, 932, 975, 988, 1008, 1051, 1084, 1095, 1112, 1150, 1168, 1186, 1206, 1243, 1270, 1279, 1307, 1357, 1431 Writing Workshop: Drafting, 216, 444, 696, 922, 1098, 1470; Writing Lesson: Drafting, 66, 121, 136, 153, 197, 226, 262, 271, 280, 306, 341, 359, 377, 398, 418, 454, 492, 502, 538, 597, 627, 645, 663, 706, 706, 745, 754, 766, 794, 851, 865, 879, 894, 932, 975, 988, 1008, 1051, 1084, 1095, 1112, 1150, 1168, 1186, 1206, 1243, 1270, 1279, 1307, 1357, 1431 Writing Workshop: Revising, 218, 446, 698, 924, 1100, 1472; Writing Lesson: Revising, 66, 121, 136, 153, 197, 262, 271, 280, 306, 341, 377, 398, 418, 492, 502, 538, 597, 627, 645, 663, 745, 754, 766, 794, 851, 865, 879, 879, 894, 975, 988, 1008, 1051, 1084, 1095, 1186, 1206, 1243, 1270, 1307, 1431 Editing / proofreading, 221, 449, 701, 927, 1107, 1475; also see: Grammar, Usage and Mechanics, 67, 154, 263, 419, 493, 503, 539, 755, 767, 795, 1009, 1085, 1151, 1169, 1207, 1339; Grammar, Usage and Mechanics Handbook, R58–R65 Writing Workshop: Publishing, 221, 449, 701, 927, 1107, 1475 For related activities see: Close-up on Art: Values of Empire and the Values of Art, 947 Writing Workshop: Multimedia Presentation, 920– 927, Publishing and Presenting, 1475; also see: Essential Question Workshops: Multimedia Report/Presentation, 227, Annotated Film Database 455, Slideshow, 933, Documentary 1481; Research and Technology: Brochure, 248; Writing Lesson: Multimedia Presentation Plan, 627, 1365, Internet Publication, 701; 21st Century Skills, R47–R52; Research and Technology Handbook, R53–R54

2.2 What Is Drafting?, 18

2.3 What Is Revising?, 19

2.4 What Are Editing and Proofreading?, 22

2.5 What Are Publishing and presenting, 23 Spotlight on the Humanities: evaluating photographic techniques, 24 Media and Technology Skills: building electronic portfolio, 25

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Chapter 3: Sentences, Paragraphs, and Compositions: Structure and , Style 28 3.1 Sentence Combining, 29

Writer's Toolbox: Sentence fluency, 1099, 1473; Sentences, R60–R61; also see: Test-Taking Practice: Writing, Identifying Sentence Errors, 460; Improving Sentences, 938; Sentence order, normal/inverted, 1339 Writing, Improving Paragraphs, 1486; Handbook: Paragraph Structure, R60–R61 Writing, Improving Paragraphs, 1486; Handbook: Paragraph Structure, R60–R61 Stylistic devices, apply, 645; Style guide, 1008; Style, develop, 1099; also see: Writer's Toolbox: Word choice, 219, Voice, 699, 925 Literature in Context: The Greek chorus and players, 424 Communication Workshop: Political advertisement (non-print) analyze, 928–929, Entertainment Media, analyze, 1108–1109, Media coverage of same event, analyze, 1476–1477

3.2 Writing Effective Paragraphs, 33 3.3 Paragraphs in Essays and Other Compositions, 37 3.4 Writing Style, 42

Spotlight on the Humanities: cultural history through the arts (Greek drama), 44 Media and Technology Skills: conducting media survey, 45

Chapter 4: Narration: Autobiographical Writing, 48 4.1 Model From Literature, 50 4.2 Prewriting, 54 4.3 Drafting, 58 4.4 Revising, 60 Peer Review, 63 4.5 Editing and Proofreading, 64 Focusing on Correct Spelling, 64

Writing Workshop: Autobiographical Narrative, 214–221 Professional Model, 217; Student Model, 220 Prewriting, 215 Drafting, 216 Revising, 218 Peer Review, 218 Editing and Proofreading, 221 Spelling errors, 221, 449, 701, 1107, 1475; Grammar and spelling, check, 538, 794, 1206 Publishing and Presenting, 221 Publishing and Presenting, 221 Reflecting on Your Writing, 221 Rubric for Self-Assessment, 221 Biographical narrative plan, 492; Biographical essay, 975, 1480; Biographical sketch, 1357

4.6 Publishing and Presenting, 65 Building Your Portfolio, 65 Reflecting on Your Writing, 65 Rubric for Self-Assessment, 65 Connected Assignment: Firsthand Biography, 69

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Spotlight on the Humanities: media portrayals of a character (film—Throne of Blood), 70

Literary History: The Elizabethan Theater, 310– 311; Shakespeare on Film, 312–312; Contemporary Commentary, 314–315; Author in Depth: William Shakespeare, 316–319; Shakespeare’s Sources: Macbeth, 320; Elizabethan drama, 314, 321, 325, 327, 328, 333, 334, 337, 340; Shakespearean tragedy, 400, 403, 404, 406, 407, 409, 411, 416; History Connection: The real Macbeth, 408 Writing Workshop: Multimedia Presentation, 920– 927, Publishing and Presenting, 1475; also see: Essential Question Workshops: Multimedia Report/Presentation, 227, Slideshow, 933, Documentary 1481; Research and Technology: Brochure, 248; Writing Lesson: Multimedia Presentation Plan, 627, 1365

Media and Technology Skills: conveying messages using visuals, 71

Chapter 5: Narration: Short Story, 74 5.1 Model From Literature, 76 5.2 Prewriting, 78 5.3 Drafting, 82 5.4 Revising, 84 Peer Review, 87 5.5 Editing and Proofreading, 88 Focusing on Punctuation, 88

Writing Workshop: Short Story, 1468–1475 Professional Model, 1471; Student Model, 1474 Prewriting, 1469 Drafting, 1470 Revising, 1472 Peer Review, 1472 Editing and Proofreading, 1475 Dialogue, punctuate effectively, 1473; Direct quotation, R64 Publishing and Presenting, 1475 Publishing and Presenting, 1475 Reflecting on Your Writing, 1475 Rubric for Self-Assessment, 1475 Soliloquy, 377 Focus on Literary Forms: Drama, 308–309

5.6 Publishing and Presenting, 89 Building Your Portfolio, 89 Reflecting on Your Writing, 89 Rubric for Self-Assessment, 89 Connected Assignment: Drama, 92 Spotlight on the Humanities: making connections in the arts (Theater—Noel Coward), 94 Media and Technology Skills: video adaptation, 95

Writing Workshop: Multimedia Presentation, 920– 927; also see: Essential Question Workshops: Slideshow, 933, Documentary 1481; Writing Lesson: Multimedia Presentation Plan, 627, 1365

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Chapter 6: Description, 98 6.1 Model From Literature, 100 6.2 Prewriting, 102 6.3 Drafting, 106 6.4 Revising, 108 Peer Review, 112 6.5 Editing and Proofreading, 113 Focusing on Mechanics, 113 6.6 Publishing and Proofreading, 114 Building Your Portfolio, 114 Reflecting on Your Writing, 114 Rubric for Self-Assessment, 114 Connected Assignment: Poem, 117 Spotlight on the Humanities: appreciating art (Art Deco), 118 Media and Technology Skills: analyzing propaganda, 119

Qualifications, describe, 66; Key descriptions, expand, 696; Description, include, 1270; Descriptive language, use, 1472 Punctuation tip/commas, 67, 154, 263, 419, 755; Commas, R63

Poem, 1186 Close-up on Art: Values of Empire and the Values of Art, 947 Communication Workshop: Political advertisement (non-print) analyze, 928–929

Chapter 7: Persuasion: Persuasive Speech, 122 7.1 Model From Literature, 124 7.2 Prewriting, 126 7.3 Drafting, 132 7.4 Revising, 133 Peer Review, 137 7.5 Editing and Proofreading, 138 Focusing on Commonly Mistaken Words, 138 7.6 Publishing and Presenting, 139 Building Your Portfolio, 139 Reflecting on Your Writing, 139 Rubric for Self-Assessment, 139 Connected Assignment: Editorial , 142 Spotlight on the Humanities: appreciating the arts (Patron of the Arts—Isabella Gardner), 144 Media and Technology Skills: evaluating Internet advertising, 145

Writing Workshop: Persuasive Essay, 442–449 Professional Model, 445; Student Model, 448 Prewriting, 443 Drafting, 444 Revising, 446 Peer Review, 446 Editing and Proofreading, 448 Commonly Confused Words, R62–R63 Publishing and Presenting, 448 Publishing and Presenting, 448 Reflecting on Your Writing, 448 Rubric for Self-Assessment, 448 Editorial, 32, 663 Close-up on Art: Values of Empire and the Values of Art, 947 Communication Workshop: Political advertisement (non-print) analyze, 928–929, Entertainment Media, analyze, 1108–1109, Media coverage of same event, analyze, 1476–1477

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Chapter 8: Persuasion: Advertisement, 148 8.1 Model From Literature, 150 8.2 Prewriting, 151 8.3 Drafting, 155 8.4 Revising, 156 Peer Review, 158 8.5 Editing and Proofreading, 159 Focusing on Dates and Times, 159 8.6 Publishing and Presenting, 160 Building Your Portfolio, 160 Reflecting on Your Writing, 160 Rubric for Self-Assessment, 160 Connected Assignment: Ad Campaign, 162 Spotlight on the Humanities: recognizing connections (film--Camille), 164

Magazine advertisement, 1443; also see: Publishing/presenting: Advertising campaign, 449

Essential Question Workshops: Annotated Film Database 455; Research and Technology: Annotated filmography, 730 Writing Workshop: Multimedia Presentation, 920– 927; also see: Essential Question Workshops: Slideshow, 933

Media and Technology Skills: enhancing video, 165 Chapter 9: Exposition: Comparison-andContrast Essay, 168 9.1 Model From Literature, 170 9.2 Prewriting, 174 9.3 Drafting, 178 9.4 Revising, 180 Peer Review, 184 9.5 Editing and Proofreading, 185 Focusing on Punctuation, 185 9.6 Publishing and Presenting, 186 Building Your Portfolio, 186 Reflecting on Your Writing, 186 Rubric for Self-Assessment, 186

Response to literature: comparison and contrast, 166, 435, 809, multi-genre, 1168, reflection on Romanticism, 932; Writing to Compare Literary Works: perspectives on home, 226, reply poems, 271, epic settings, 551, social criticism, 1021, stream of consciousness, 1215 Coordinating conjunctions, 67; Compound sentences, R60; also see: Grammar and Style Lesson: Using Coordinating Conjunctions, 67; Subordinating Conjunctions, 263; Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics Handbook: Sentence Structure, R60 Informational Texts: technical documents: technical article, press release, 1454–1459; also see: Brochure, 248 Essential Question Workshops: Annotated Film Database 455; Research and Technology: Annotated filmography, 730 Editorial, 32, 663; Communication Workshop: Political advertisement (non-print) analyze, 928– 929, media coverage of same event, analyze, 1476–1477

Connected Assignment: Consumer Report, 189

Spotlight on the Humanities: connecting themes in the arts (film--Pygmalion), 190 Media and Technology Skills: comparing newspapers' editorial positions, 191

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Note: Please see the Historical Investigation Report provides students with an opportunity to look back at the causes and effects of historical events.

Chapter 10: Exposition: Cause-and-Effect Essay, 194

Writing Workshop: Research: historical investigation, 1096–1107 Professional Models, 1101; Student Models, 1104–1106 Prewriting, 1097 Drafting, 1098 Revising, 1100 Peer Review, 1100 Editing and Proofreading, 1107 For related information see: Commonly Confused Words, R62–R63 Publishing and Presenting, 1107 Publishing and Presenting, 1107 Reflecting on Your Writing, 1107 Rubric for Self-Assessment, 1107 Documentary, 1481 Cultural Connection: Folk ballads, 205; Literature in Context: The sound of medieval music, 211 Cultural Connection: Folk ballads, 205; Literature in Context: The sound of medieval music, 211

10.1 Model From Literature, 196 10.2 Prewriting, 198 10.3 Drafting, 202 10.4 Revising, 204 Peer Review, 207 10.5 Editing and Proofreading, 208 Focusing on Which and That, 208 10.6 Publishing and Presenting, 209 Building Your Portfolio, 209 Reflecting on Your Writing, 209 Rubric for Self-Assessment, 209 Connected Assignment: Documentary, 212 Spotlight on the Humanities: appreciating music (Ralph Vaughn Williams), 214 Media and Technology Skills: effect of media on perceptions of reality, 215 Chapter 11: Exposition: Problem-and-Solution Essay, 218 11.1 Model From Literature, 220 11.2 Prewriting, 224 11.3 Drafting, 228 11.4 Revising, 230 Peer Review, 234 11.5 Editing and Proofreading, 235 Focusing on Punctuation, 235 11.6 Publishing and Presenting, 236 Building Your Portfolio, 236 Reflecting on Your Writing, 236 Rubric for Self-Assessment, 236 Connected Assignment: Proposal, 240

Problem-and-solution essay, 1338; also see: Public service announcement, 514; Report/recommendation, 817, 988, 1038 Dashes, Parentheses, Brackets, and Hyphens, R64

Report/recommendation, 817, 988, 1038; also see: Position statement, Timed Writing, 233, 461, 939, 1487; Public service announcement, 514; Problem-and-solution essay, 1338 Essential Question Workshops: Annotated Film Database 455; Research and Technology: Annotated filmography, 730

Spotlight on the Humanities: recognizing inspirations for art (film—A Room with a View), 242

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Media and Technology Skills: rating help resources, 243

21st Century Skills, R47–R52; Research and Technology Handbook, R53–R54

Chapter 12: Research: Documented Essay, 246 12.1 Model From Literature, 248

Writing Workshop: Research: historical investigation, 1096–1107 Professional Models, 1101; Student Models, 1104–1106 Prewriting, 1097 Drafting, 1098 Revising, 1100 Peer Review, 1100 Editing and Proofreading, 1107 Providing Appropriate Citations, 1102–1103; Works-Cited List, 1107; Cite Supporting Details, 1279, 1431; Citing Sources and Preparing Manuscript, R21–R23; also see: Annotated Bibliography, 879, 1008, 1461 Publishing and Presenting, 1107 Publishing and Presenting, 1107 Reflecting on Your Writing, 1107 Rubric for Self-Assessment, 1107 Database, 455 Essential Question Workshops: Annotated Film Database 455; Research and Technology: Annotated filmography, 730 Documentary, 1481

12.2 Prewriting, 252 12.3 Drafting, 257 12.4 Revising, 259 Peer Review, 264 12.5 Editing and Proofreading, 265 Focusing on Quotation Marks, 265

12.6 Publishing and Presenting, 266 Building Your Portfolio, 266 Reflecting on Your Writing, 266 Rubric for Self-Assessment, 266 Connected Assignment: Statistical Report, 269 Spotlight on the Humanities: examining messages in film (film—Grand Illusion), 270 Media and Technology Skills: filming a video documentary, 271 Chapter 13: Research: Research Paper, 274

Writing Workshop: Research: historical investigation, 1096–1107 Professional Models, 1101; Student Models, 1104–1106 Prewriting, 1097 Drafting, 1098 Revising, 1100 Peer Review, 1100 Editing and Proofreading, 1107 Providing Appropriate Citations, 1102–1103; Works-Cited List, 1107; Cite Supporting Details, 1279, 1431; Citing Sources and Preparing Manuscript, R21–R23; also see: Annotated Bibliography, 879, 1008, 1461 Publishing and Presenting, 1107 Publishing and Presenting, 1107

13.1 Model From Literature, 276 13.2 Prewriting, 280 13.3 Drafting, 286 13.4 Revising, 289 Peer Review, 293 13.5 Editing and Proofreading, 294 Focusing on Formatting, 294

13.6 Publishing and Presenting, 296 Building Your Portfolio, 296

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Reflecting on Your Writing, 296 Rubric for Self-Assessment, 296 Connected Assignment: Multimedia Report, 300

Reflecting on Your Writing, 1107 Rubric for Self-Assessment, 1107 Writing Workshop: Multimedia Presentation, 920– 927, Publishing and Presenting, 1475; also see: Essential Question Workshops: Multimedia Report/Presentation, 227, Annotated Film Database 455, Slideshow, 933, Documentary 1481; Research and Technology: Brochure, 248; Writing Lesson: Multimedia Presentation Plan, 627, 1365, Internet Publication, 701 Focus on Literary Forms: Drama, 308–309

Spotlight on the Humanities: recognizing art forms (theater—Agnes de Mille), 302 Media and Technology Skills: evaluating On–line Resources, 303 Chapter 14: Response to Literature, 306 14.1 Model From Literature, 308 14.2 Prewriting, 310 14.3 Drafting, 315 14.4 Revising, 317 Peer Review, 320 14.5 Editing and Proofreading, 321 Focusing on Proofreading, 321 14.6 Publishing and Presenting, 322 Building Your Portfolio, 322 Reflecting on Your Writing, 322 Rubric for Self-Assessment, 322 Connected Assignment: Music Review, 325

21st Century Skills, R47–R52; Research and Technology Handbook, R53–R54 Response to literature, 153, 166, 280, 359, 435, 454, 538, 809, 851, 894, 932, 1051, 1084, 1150, 1168, 1206, 1243, 1270, 1307; Response to literary criticism, 418, 502, 794, 1279

Cultural Connection: Folk ballads, 205; Literature in Context: The sound of medieval music, 211 Cultural Connection: Folk ballads, 205; Literature in Context: The sound of medieval music, 211 Writing Workshop: Multimedia Presentation, 920– 927; also see: Essential Question Workshops: Multimedia Report/Presentation, 227, Slideshow, 933, Documentary 1481

Spotlight on the Humanities: examining various media (music—tone poems), 326 Media and Technology Skills: video adaptation, 327

Chapter 15: Writing for Assessment, 330 15.1 Prewriting, 332 15.2 Drafting, 334 15.3 Revising, 336 15.4 Editing and Proofreading, 338 Focusing on Spelling, 338 15.5 Publishing and Presenting, 339 Building Your Portfolio, 339 Reflecting on Your Writing, 339 Rubric for Self-Assessment, 339 Connected Assignment: Open-Book Test, 342

Test Practice: Timed Writing, 75, 213, 291, 441, 461, 581, 603, 713, 817, 909, 939, 1027, 1070, 1119, 1295, 1459, 1487

Test Practice: Timed Writing, 75, 213, 291, 441, 461, 581, 603, 713, 817, 909, 939, 1027, 1070, 1119, 1295, 1459, 1487

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Spotlight on the Humanities: understanding history through media (photography—Edward S. Curtis), 344 Media and Technology Skills: sharing test–taking strategies, 345 Chapter 16: Workplace Writing, 348 16.1 Business Letter, 350 16.2 Memo, 352 16.3 Resume, 354 16.4 Forms and Applications, 356 Connected Assignment: E-mail, 358 Spotlight on the Humanities: comparing art forms (film—Luis Buñuel), 360 Media and Technology Skills: using business technology, 361

PART 2: Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics, 364 Chapter 17: The Parts of Speech, 366 17.1 Nouns and Pronouns, 368 17.2 Verbs, 379 17.3 Adjectives and Adverbs, 386

17.4 Preposition, Conjunctions, and Interjections, 394 17.5 Reviewing Parts of Speech, 402

Chapter 18: Basic Sentence Parts, 410 18.1 Subjects and Predicates, 412


Close-up on Art: Values of Empire and the Values of Art, 947 Test Practice: Timed Writing, 75, 213, 291, 441, 461, 581, 603, 713, 817, 909, 939, 1027, 1070, 1119, 1295, 1459, 1487 Letter of recommendation, 1095; Write a Business Letter, R38 Workplace Writing: Business memo, 89, R39 Workplace Writing: Cover Letter, R35, Resume, R36 Job application, 66, R37 Workplace Writing: E-mail, 919, R40 Essential Question Workshops: Annotated Film Database 455; Research and Technology: Annotated filmography, 730 21st Century Skills, R47–R52; Research and Technology Handbook, R53–R54; also see: Workplace Writing: Cover Letter, R35, Resume, R36, Job Application, R37, Write a Business Letter, R38, Memo, R39, Email, R40, Meeting minutes, R41, Technical Writing, R42

Nouns and Pronoun, R58; also see: Noun clause, 1151 Verbs, active/passive voice, 1085; Verb, 1115, R59 Adjective: connotation/denotation, 152, descriptive, 417, comparative, superlative, 493; Adjectival modifier, 1169; Adjectives and Adverbs, R59 Conjunction, 67, 154; Preposition, and Interjections, R59 Parts of Speech, R58–R59; also see: Conjunction, 67, 154; Adjective: connotation/denotation, 152, descriptive, 417, comparative, superlative, 493; Verbs, active/passive voice, 1085; Noun clause, 1151 Adjectival modifier, 1169 Subject and predicate, R60; also see: Subject/verb agreement, 767

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18.2 Hard-to-Find Subjects, 420 18.3 Complements, 426 Chapter 19: Phrases and Clauses, 438 19.1 Prepositional Phrases and Appositives, 440 19.2 Verbals and Verbal Phrases, 446 19.3 Clauses, 458 19.4 Sentences Classified by Structure, 468

Chapter 20: Effective Sentences, 478 20.1 The Four Functions of a Sentence, 480

20.2 Combining Sentences, 483

20.3 Varying Sentences, 488

20.4 Avoiding Fragments and Run-ons, 492

20.5 Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers, 501 20.6 Faulty Parallelism, 505 20.7 Faulty Coordination, 510 Chapter 21: Verb Usage, 518 21.1 Verb Tenses, 520 21.2 The Correct Use of Tenses, 532


Subject and predicate, R60; also see: Subject/verb agreement, 767 Complements, R60 Prepositional Phrases and Appositives, R59 Verbals and Verbal Phrases,503, R59–R60 Adverb clause, 419; Clauses, R60 Sentence Structure, R60; also see: Writing, Identifying Sentence Errors, 460; Improving Sentences, 938; Writer's Toolbox: Sentence fluency, 1099, 1473; Sentence order, normal/inverted, 1339; also see: Grammar and Style Lesson: Using Coordinating Conjunctions, 67; Subordinating Conjunctions, 263; Adjective and Adverb Clauses, 419; Comparative and Superlative Adjectives and Adverbs, 493 Sentence Structure, R60; also see: Writing, Identifying Sentence Errors, 460; Improving Sentences, 938; Writer's Toolbox: Sentence fluency, 1099, 1473; Sentence order, normal/inverted, 1339; also see: Grammar and Style Lesson: Using Coordinating Conjunctions, 67; Subordinating Conjunctions, 263; Adjective and Adverb Clauses, 419; Comparative and Superlative Adjectives and Adverbs, 493 Grammar and Style Lesson: Using Coordinating Conjunctions, 67; Subordinating Conjunctions, 263 Writer's Toolbox: Sentence fluency, 1099, 1473; Sentence order, normal/inverted, 1339; also see: Grammar and Style Lesson: Using Coordinating Conjunctions, 67; Subordinating Conjunctions, 263 Writing, Identifying Sentence Errors, 460; Improving Sentences, 938; Writer's Toolbox: Sentence fluency, 1099, 1473 Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers,539, Modifier placement, R61 Parallel structure, 1207 Coordinating conjunctions, 67; Correlative conjunctions, 154 Verb tense, 1009, R62 Verb tense, 1009, R62

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21.3 The Subjunctive Mood, 548 21.4 Voice, 552 Chapter 22: Pronoun Usage, 562 22.1 Case, 564 22.2 Special Problems With Pronouns, 574 Chapter 23: Agreement, 584 23.1 Subject and Verb Agreement, 586 23.2 Pronoun and Antecedent Agreement, 600 23.3 Special Problems With Pronoun Agreement, 608 Chapter 24: Using Modifiers, 620 24.1 Degrees of Comparison, 622 24.2 Making Clear Comparisons, 628 Chapter 25: Miscellaneous Problems in Usage, 638 25.1 Negative Sentences, 640 25.2 Common Usage Problems, 646 Chapter 26: Capitalization, 666 Capitalization, 668

Chapter 27: Punctuation, 686 27.1 End Marks, 688 27.2 Commas, 694 27.3 Semicolons and Colons, 712

27.4 Quotation Marks and Underlining, 722

27.5 Dashes, Parentheses, and Brackets, 736 27.6 Hyphens and Apostrophes, 745 Sentence Diagramming Workshop, 764


Verb tense, 1009, R62 Verbs, active/passive voice, 1085 Pronoun, 795, R58 Pronoun-antecedent agreement, 795 Subject/verb agreement, 767, R61 Pronoun-antecedent agreement, 795, R61 Pronoun-antecedent agreement, 795, R61

Adjective, comparative, superlative, 493, R62 Adjective, comparative, superlative, 493, R62

Sentence Structure, R60 Usage, R61; Commonly Confused Words, R62– R63 Proper Nouns and Titles, 927; Parts of Speech: Proper Nouns, R58; Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives, R63 End Marks, R63 Punctuation tip/commas, 67, 154, 263, 419, 755; Commas, R63 Semicolons and Colons, R64; also see: Writing Handbook: Cover letter, R35, Business letter, R38; also see: Writing: Letter to the editor, 685, Letter of recommendation, 1095 Dialogue, punctuate effectively, 1473; Writing, Improving Paragraphs, 1486; Handbook: Paragraph Structure, R60–R61 Dashes, Parentheses, Brackets, and Hyphens, R64 Apostrophes, R64 Sentence Structure, R60

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PART 3: Academic and Workplace Skills, 776 Chapter 28: Speaking, Listening, Viewing, and Representing, 778 28.1 Speaking and Listening Skills, 779

Communication Workshops give students opportunities to develop and practice speaking skills, as well chances to discuss presentations made by their peers. Workshops include the following: Persuasive speech, evaluate, 222–223; Persuasive speech, deliver, 450–451; Oral interpretation of literary work, write and deliver, 702–703; Political advertisement (non-print) analyze, 928–929; Entertainment Media, analyze, 1108–1109; Media coverage of same event, analyze, 1476–1477 Listening and Speaking assignments after paired literary selections provide additional opportunities for discussion and use of listening skills as can be seen from the following assignments:

28.2 Viewing Skills, 786

28.3 Representing Skills, 792

Chapter 29: Vocabulary and Spelling, 800 29.1 Developing Vocabulary, 801

Panel discussion, 227; Impromptu persuasive speech, 451; Interview, 707; Poetry slam, 933; Presentation in dialogue, 1113 Informational Texts: Map, 3, 16, 237, 576, 601, 816, 906; Photographs, 73, 74, 438, 571, 573, 814, 815, 1287, 1289, 1292–1293, 1455; Illustration, 437; Painting, 574, 905; Graph, 812; Chart, 600, 813; Schedule, 602; Diagram, 1456 Writing Workshop: Multimedia Presentation, 920– 927, Publishing and Presenting, 1475; also see: Essential Question Workshops: Multimedia Report/Presentation, 227, Annotated Film Database 455, Slideshow, 933, Documentary 1481; Research and Technology: Brochure, 248; Writing Lesson: Multimedia Presentation Plan, 627, 1365, Internet Publication, 701 Vocabulary Development, 66, 121, 136, 197, 280, 306, 359, 377, 398, 417, 492, 537, 597, 627, 663, 704, 745, 754, 793, 851, 865, 879, 908, 930, 988, 1007, 1084, 1150, 1168, 1186, 1205, 1243, 1270, 1279, 1279, 1357, 1431

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29.2 Studying Words Systematically, 805

29.3 Studying Word Parts and Origins, 808

29.4 Improving Your Spelling, 812 Chapter 30: Reading Skills, 824 30.1 Reading Methods and Tools, 825


Vocabulary Workshop: Dictionaries and other resources, 224, Words from mythology, 452, Etymology: political science/history terms, 704, Etymology of science, medical, mathematical terms, 930, Idioms, 1110, Cognates and borrowed words, 1478 Vocabulary Workshop: Words from mythology, 452, Etymology: political science/history terms, 704, Etymology of science, medical, mathematical terms, 930, Idioms, 1110, Cognates and borrowed words, 1478; also see: Roots, 66, 197, 280, 306, 359, 398, 417, 537, 627, 663, 704, 754, 793, 851, 879, 908, 908, 930, 1084, 1150, 1168, 1186, 1205, 1243, 1279, 1279, 1357, 1431; Suffixes, 121, 704, 745, 865, 930, 988; Prefixes, 136, 377, 492, 597, 704, 930, 1007, 1270 Spelling errors, 221, 449, 701, 1107, 1475; Grammar and spelling, check, 538, 794, 1206 Reading strategy instruction introduces and follows every selection, both fiction and nonfiction. For examples of key reading strategies see the following: Reading Skill: Main idea, determine, 38, 42, 45, 48, 51, 52, 53, 58, 61, 65, 168, 196, 252, 254, 305; Paraphrasing, 42, 45, 48, 51, 52, 53, 58, 61, 65, 309, 668, 670, 880, 883, 887, 888, 893; Clarity of meaning, analyze, 82, 85, 86, 89, 342, 343, 350, 353, 358; Comprehension, repair, 95, 98, 106, 108, 112, 115, 120, 123, 126, 127, 128, 130, 135, 588, 592, 596, 852, 856, 864, 1191, 1193, 1203, 1204; Summarize, 168, 172, 176, 181, 183, 186, 189, 194, 196, 282, 283, 289, 291, 1366, 1370, 1376; Predictions, make/confirm, 758, 762, 765, 1244, 1249, 1251, 1252, 1256, 1259, 1267, 1269; Background knowledge, apply, 1340, 1343, 1346, 1352, 1356, 1358

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30.2 Reading Nonfiction Critically, 831


Historical writing, 82, 85, 88, 89; Persuasive techniques, 222, 910, 929, 1062; Rhetorical questions, 223, 451; Author's purpose (essays and social commentary), 628, 635, 638, 644, 646, 656, 662, 910, 913, 919, 997; Focus on Literary Forms: Essay, 678–679; Author's philosophical assumptions, analyze, 680, 685; Analyze and Evaluate Similar Themes, 1316, 1320, 1323, 1325, 1326, 1330, 1331, 1337; Applying an Expository Critique, 1444, 1447, 1448, 1453; Literary History: Contemporary British nonfiction, 1460–1461; Author's arguments, outline, 1462, 1464, 1467; also see: Informational Texts, 70–75, 198–213, 282–290, 435–441, 568–580, 598–603, 810–817, 896–908, 1022–1027, 1284–1295, 1454–1459 The Informational Text Workshops also introduces reading strategies and emphasize the features and structures of informational materials. For examples, please see: Informational Texts: digital reference tools: online encyclopedia article, Wikipedia article, 70–75, letters, folk ballads, 198–213, speech, eyewitness account, 282–290, feature article, theater review, 436–441, diary, policy statement, 568–581, transit map and schedule, annual report, 598–603, government report, travel guide, 810–817, parliamentary debate, letters, 896–909, brochure, web site homepage, 1022–1027, newspaper articles, advertisements, 1062–1070, speech, government memorandum, 1284–1295, technical documents: technical article, press release, 1454– 1459

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30.3 Reading Literary Writing, 837

30.4 Reading From Varied Sources, 842

Chapter 31: Study, Reference, and Test-Taking Skills, 846 31.1 Basic Study Skills, 847 31.2 Reference Skills, 850


Focus on Literary Forms: Epic, 34–35, Drama, 308–309, Essay, 678–679, Lyric poetry, 774–775, Novel, 990–991, Short story, 1216–1217; Comparing Literary Works, 18, 32, 156, 196, 212, 252, 261, 270, 290, 296, 305, 421, 435, 480, 541, 551, 558, 566, 580, 662, 662, 662, 676, 732, 744, 753, 753, 779, 792, 797, 809, 850, 852, 864, 878, 893, 908, 919, 987, 1011, 1069, 1083, 1094, 1209, 1215, 1365 Please note that every selection also introduces and teachers a Literary Analysis skill. For representative examples, please see: Rhythm, 18, 32, 1086, 1090, Dramatic irony, 360, 366, 376, Imagery, 378, 382, 383, 385, 388, 389, 393, 395, 397, 702, 775, 866, 870, 872, 874, 878, Irony, 610, 614, 626, 1072, 1308, 1313, 1315, 1319, 1322, 1323, 1331, 1334, Dialect, 732, 741, 744, Figurative language, 774, 852, 855, 858, 864, Rhyme, 775, 818, 850, Poetic sound devices, 818, 821, 823, 828, 830, 832, 834, 835, 837, 841, 848, 850, Meter, 1090, 1094, 1400, 1403, 1404, 1405, 1409, Symbolism, 1138, 1143, 1149, 1269, Style, 1366, 1376, 1388, 1390, 1393, 1396, 1399, Allusion, 1160, 1162, 1358, Situational irony, 1337, Symbol, 1244, 1247, 1248, 1250, 1252, 1257, 1258, 1259, 1264, 1268, Free verse, 1388, 1400 Informational Texts: digital reference tools: online encyclopedia article, Wikipedia article, 70–75, letters, folk ballads, 198–213, speech, eyewitness account, 282–290, feature article, theater review, 436–441, diary, policy statement, 568–581, transit map and schedule, annual report, 598–603, government report, travel guide, 810–817, parliamentary debate, letters, 896–909, brochure, web site homepage, 1022–1027, newspaper articles, advertisements, 1062–1070, speech, government memorandum, 1284–1295, technical documents: technical article, press release, 1454– 1459

Tips for Improving Fluency, R16–R17 Providing Appropriate Citations, 1102–1103; Works-Cited List, 1107; Cite Supporting Details, 1279, 1431; Citing Sources and Preparing Manuscript, R21–R23; also see: Annotated Bibliography, 879, 1008, 1461

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31.3 Test-Taking Skills, 864

The Test Practice pages in standardized-test format give students practice in applying core unit skills and in writing for assessment under testtaking conditions. Additional assessment materials are listed in the Teacher’s Edition each selection. Test-Taking Practice: Reading: ACT: Natural Science Reading, 228; SAT: Critical Reading, Paired Passages, 456; ACT: Reading Test, Humanities, 708; SAT: Critical Reading, Long Passage, 934; ACT: Reading Test, Prose Fiction, 1114; SAT: Critical Reading, Short Passage, 1482; Vocabulary in context: SAT: Critical Reading, Sentence Completion, 231, 459, 711, 937, 1117; SAT: Reading Comprehension, Sentence Completion, 1485; Grammar: ACT: English Test, 232, 712, 1118; SAT: Writing, Identifying Sentence Errors, 460; SAT: Writing, Improving Sentences, 938; SAT: Writing, Improving Paragraphs, 1486; Timed writing: ACT: Optional Writing Test, 233, 1119; SAT: Writing, Essay, 461, 939; ACT: Writing Test, 713

Standardized Test Preparation Standardized Test Preparation Workshop, 10–11, 26–27, 46, 70, 94–95, 116–117, 144–145, 164– 165, 192–193, 216–217, 240–241, 264–265, 296– 297, 324–325, 342–343, 358–359, 402–403, 430– 431, 472, 516–517, 558–559, 580, 616, 638–639, 665– 665, 688–689, 768–769, 806–807, 830–831, 852–853, 878, 878–879, 892–893

Chapter 32: Workplace Skills and Competencies, 872 Workplace Skills and Competencies, 872

Test-Taking Practice: Reading: ACT: Natural Science Reading, 228; SAT: Critical Reading, Paired Passages, 456; ACT: Reading Test, Humanities, 708; SAT: Critical Reading, Long Passage, 934; ACT: Reading Test, Prose Fiction, 1114; SAT: Critical Reading, Short Passage, 1482; Vocabulary in context: SAT: Critical Reading, Sentence Completion, 231, 459, 711, 937, 1117; SAT: Reading Comprehension, Sentence Completion, 1485; Grammar: ACT: English Test, 232, 712, 1118; SAT: Writing, Identifying Sentence Errors, 460; SAT: Writing, Improving Sentences, 938; SAT: Writing, Improving Paragraphs, 1486; Timed writing: ACT: Optional Writing Test, 233, 1119; SAT: Writing, Essay, 461, 939; ACT: Writing Test, 713

Workplace Writing: Cover Letter, R35, Resume, R36, Job Application, R37, Write a Business Letter, R38, Memo, R39, Email, R40, Meeting minutes, R41, Technical Writing, R42

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Resources, 886 Citing Sources and Preparing Manuscript, 886 Internet Research Handbook, 893 Commonly Overused Words, 898 Commonly Misspelled Words, 900 Abbreviations Guide, 902

Citing Sources and Preparing Manuscript, R21– R23 21st Century Skills, R47–R52; Research and Technology Handbook, R53–R54 Commonly Confused Words, R62–R63 Commonly Confused Words, R62–R63 Citing Sources and Preparing Manuscript, R21– R23

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