Jun 6, 2013 - Suggested citation for this article: GarcÃa-Bailo B, Da Costa LA, Arora P, ... Preventing Chronic Disease | Plasma Vitamin D and Biomarkers of ...
Preventing Chronic Disease | Plasma Vitamin D and Biomarkers of Cardiometabolic Dise... Page 1 of 9
O R I GI N A L R ES E A R CH
Volume 10 — June 06, 2013
Plasma Vitamin D and Biomarkers of Cardiometabolic Disease Risk in Adult Canadians, 2007–2009 Bibiana García-Bailo, MSc; Laura A. Da Costa, MSc; Paul Arora, MSc; Mohamed Karmali, MD; Ahmed El-Sohemy, PhD; Alaa Badawi, PhD Suggested citation for this article: García-Bailo B, Da Costa LA, Arora P, Karmali M, El-Sohemy A, Badawi A. Plasma Vitamin D and Biomarkers of Cardiometabolic Disease Risk in Adult Canadians, 2007–2009. Prev Chronic Dis 2013;10:120230. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5888/pcd10.120230 . PEER REVIEWED
Abstract Introduction Vitamin D may modulate cardiometabolic disease risk, although the relationship has not been investigated in the general Canadian population. Understanding this relationship may inform public health strategies to curb the incidence of cardiometabolic disease in Canada and elsewhere. The objectives of this study were to examine the association between vitamin D and traditional and novel biomarkers of cardiometabolic disease and to describe the extent of the month-to-month fluctuations of vitamin D in the Canadian population. Methods We examined the association between plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D and a range of cardiometabolic risk biomarkers in participants (n = 1,928; age range, 16–79 years) from the Canadian Health Measures Survey. We conducted linear regressions analyses (adjusted for sex, waist circumference, physical activity, hormone use, and season) to assess the relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and biomarkers of dysglycemia, dyslipidemia, and inflammation in the study population. We repeated analyses stratified by sex, and we evaluated monthly fluctuations in 25-hydroxyvitamin D in men and women. Results We observed wide month-to-month variations in 25-hydroxyvitamin D; fluctuations were more pronounced in men. Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D was inversely associated with insulin, insulin resistance, triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and the ratio of total to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol but not with fasting glucose, apolipoprotein A1, apolipoprotein B, C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, or homocysteine. This pattern varied between men and women. Conclusion Vitamin D may modulate various metabolic processes and may influence cardiometabolic disease risk in Canadians. These findings may have public health implications when recommending vitamin D for the prevention of cardiometabolic disease and related conditions.
Introduction Cardiometabolic disease is characterized by dyslipidemia, dysglycemia, abdominal obesity, and hypertension (1). Novel biomarkers of risk, such as apolipoprotein (Apo) A1 and ApoB (2), and the inflammatory markers C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, and homocysteine (3–5), have been proposed. Inadequate vitamin D status has been associated with elevated cardiometabolic disease risk, although results are inconsistent, as evidenced by recent meta-analyses pooling multiple study populations (6–8). These inconsistencies may result partly from differences in sample size, dosage, geographic location, and disease progression across studies. The prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency (plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D]
