PROJECT DISSERTATION MA (PSYCHOLOGY)

PROJECT DISSERTATION MA (PSYCHOLOGY) IGNOU

Programme Code

:

MAPC

Course Code

:

MPCE - 026

Name of the Learner

:

MEGHNA SINGH

Enrollment No.

:

163331188

Name of the Supervisor

:

Dr. PRIYANKA SRIVASTAVA

Address

:

H-83, Sector-25, Jalvayu Vihar, Noida, 201301

Phone no.

:

+91-9810152499

Email

:

[email protected]

Study Centre Name

:

Jamia Milia Islamia

Study Centre Code

:

0707

Study Centre Address

:

Coordinator, IGNOU Study Centre, Department of Psychology, Jamia Milia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi – 110025.

Regional Centre

:

J-2/1, Block B-1, Mohan Cooperative Industrial Estate, Mathura Road, New Delhi - 110044

Regional Centre Code

:

07

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A CORRELATIONAL STUDY OF PARENTING ATTITUDE, PARENTAL STRESS, AND ANXIETY IN MOTHERS OF CHILDREN IN GRADE 6th

A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED BY MEGHNA SINGH (En. No. : 163331188) To Discipline of Psychology School of Social Sciences, Indira Gandhi National Open University Maidan Garhi, NEW DELHI- 110068 For fulfillment of MA Psychology (Counselling Stream) June 2018

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CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY

This is to certify that the Project Report titled “A Correlational Study Of Parenting Attitude, Parental Stress, And Anxiety In Mothers Of Children In Grade 6th” submitted to Indira Gandhi National Open University in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of Master of Arts Degree in Psychology (MAPC) is an original work carried out by Mr./ Ms. Meghna Singh (Enrolment Number: __163331188___).

The matter embodied in this Project is a genuine work done by the student and has not been submitted whether to this University or to any other University/ Institute for the fulfillment of the requirement of any course of study.

Signature of the Learner

Signature of the Supervisor

Name:

Name:

Enrolment Number:

Designation:

Place:

Name of Instt./ Org.:

Date:

Date:

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CERTIFICATE OF COMPLETION

This is to certify that Mr./Ms. ________MEGHNA SINGH_______ Enrolment No. 163331188 has successfully completed Project in MPCE 016/ MPCE-026/MPCE-036 titled under the guidance of DR. PRIYANKA SRIVASTAVA

Signature of the Learner

Signature of the Guide/Supervisor

Name:

Name:

Enrolment No:

Designation:

Study Centre:

Place:

Regional Centre:

Date:

Place: Date:

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Acknowledgement After an intensive period of trials and tribulations of around seven to eight months, my objective is achieved: writing this note of thanks is the finishing touch on my dissertation. It has been a period of intense learning for me, not only in the scientific area of research but also on a personal level. Writing this dissertation has had a big impact on me. I would like to reflect on the people who have supported and helped me so much throughout this period. I want to take this opportunity to express my foremost gratitude and sincere thanks to Dr. Priyanka Srivastava, my project guide. She showed immense amount of patience to my idiosyncrasies and at the same time led me to understand the little nuances of research study, methods and statistical analysis in a very subtle way. I want to extend my heartfelt thanks to our professor at IGNOU, Mr. Usama Rehman. His insights were precise and hit the right notes in setting things straight when they were not. My family and friends have been my greatest support, whose constant love and encouragement pushed me to carry on my course of my dream. This effort would have been in vain if I did not have the values, morals, life experiences that I learned from the kind of upbringing I received from my parents, especially my mother Mrs. Shikha Banerji. A lot of credit goes to my better half as well, Mr. Vinay Singh for his unconditional love and support, for being a dear friend and guide, inspiring me all along. Thanks to my in-laws for taking care of my adorable children Ishaan and Arunima, and providing a positive environment for everyone to flourish back home. Thank you very much, everyone! Meghna Singh Date: 26th May, 2018

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TABLE OF CONTENTS CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY ............................................................................................................................ 3 CERTIFICATE OF COMPLETION ............................................................................................................................ 4 Acknowledgement ........................................................................................................................................................... 5 CHAPTER 1.................................................................................................................................................................... 10 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................................... 10 CHAPTER 2.................................................................................................................................................................... 18 REVIEW OF LITERATURE .................................................................................................................................. 18 CHAPTER 3.................................................................................................................................................................... 31 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY ............................................................................................................................. 31 CHAPTER 4.................................................................................................................................................................... 33 PROBLEM STATEMENT................................................................................................................................... 33 OBJECTIVES ....................................................................................................................................................... 33 HYPOTHESIS ....................................................................................................................................................... 33 RESEARCH VARIABLES .................................................................................................................................. 36 RESEARCH DESIGN .......................................................................................................................................... 36 RESEARCH SETTING ........................................................................................................................................ 36 SAMPLING REQUIREMENTS ......................................................................................................................... 36 METHODS OF DATA COLLECTION.............................................................................................................. 37 PROCEDURE ....................................................................................................................................................... 37 TOOLS OF DATA COLLECTION:................................................................................................................................ 38 RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY........................................................................................................................ 38 DATA ANALYSIS METHOD ............................................................................................................................. 40 CHAPTER 5.................................................................................................................................................................... 42 DISCUSSION ............................................................................................................................................................ 56 CHAPTER 6.................................................................................................................................................................... 67 FUTURE RESEARCH ............................................................................................................................................. 70 CHAPTER 7.................................................................................................................................................................... 74 LIMITATIONS and SUGGESTIONS ........................................................................................................................ 74 REFERENCES .............................................................................................................................................................. 79 APPENDICES ............................................................................................................................................................... 88

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LIST OF APPENDICES

APPENDIX I

: Graphical representation of Parenting Attitude, P. Stress and Anxiety of Mothers

APPENDIX I I

: Evaluation Scheme for Project

APPENDIX I I I

: Consent Letter of Supervisor

APPENDIX I V

: Proforma For Approval of Project Synopsis

APPENDIX V

: Record of Visits carried out by the Learner

APPENDIX V I

: Letter To Mothers

APPENDIX V I I

: Tools and Scales used for the Project

APPENDIX V I I I

: Master Data

APPENDIX I X

: Project Synopsis in Original

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ABSTRACT

This research study used Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient statistics to establish correlations between Parenting Attitudes (Laxness, Over-reactivity & Verbosity), Parental Stress and Anxiety of Mothers whose child was promoted to standard 6th. Most of the research existing today on Parenting is in context of impacts of Parenting Style on outcomes in children and or Parenting stress due to various child psychological, physical or medical conditions. But none to ascertain that somewhere parent’s attitudes could be what is leading to parental stress and anxiety or vice versa. A child’s transition from primary to middle school is a crucial phase that brings in lot of challenges both for the child to adjust to middle school unique requirements and mother’s to adjust and accommodate their parenting according to the changing needs of their child. Thus the child feels pressured from their parents and the parents (mostly mothers) experience parental stress and anxiety. A sample of 70 mothers, whose child was in class 6th, were administered with the Parenting Attitude Scale, Parental Stress Scale and Beck’s Anxiety Scale. The data revealed that 84% (N=59) of the mother’s were dealing with poor parenting, 40% (n=28), mothers had high parenting stress, anxiety was overall low. A weak to moderate positive correlation was suggested by the data across all Parenting Attitude variables with both parental stress and anxiety. For Total Parenting Attitude with Anxiety (0.3 < r=.35 < .50), and (-1 0.9.  Beck’s Anxiety Inventory (BAI): Beck’s Anxiety Inventory was developed by Aaron T. Beck and other colleagues. A 21-question multiple choice self- report inventory is used for assessing the severity of anxiety in children and adults. The internal consistency reliability of (BAI) for Cronbach’s α = 0.92. The test-retest reliability (1 week) for the (BAI) =0.75

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DATA ANALYSIS METHOD Descriptive as well as Inferential statistics was used for data analysis in the proposed study. Statistics Used: Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient, t-test and ANOVA Pearson’s Correlation: Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient (-1< r > +1) was used to get the correlation coefficients between all the Parenting Attitude variables (Laxness, Over-reactivity, Verbosity), Parenting Stress and Anxiety in mothers. Use of ANOVA In the process of examining the relationship between variables, researchers can use ttest or ANOVA to compare the means of two groups on the dependent variable (Green & Salkind, 2012). The main difference between t-test and ANOVA is that t-test can only be used to compare two groups or two set of variables while ANOVA can be used to compare two or more groups. In the process of selecting the data analysis technique for this study, I considered both ANOVA and t-test. The advantage ANOVA has over t-test is that the post-hoc tests of ANOVA allow to better controlling type 1 error (Hopkins, 2000). Therefore, in order to control type 1 error, I chose ANOVA as data analysis technique for this study. Although no post-hoc tests were performed. t-test: The t-test, statistics was evaluated to assess significant difference of Means exists between Parenting Attitude variables and Parenting Stress & Anxiety respectively, from the same sample of Mothers of class 6th students. Note: 1) Although it’s a Correlational Study and ANOVA is not required. ANOVA was thought as important to analyze the impacts of Age, Number of Children, Number of family members, Working or Non-Working, on the Parenting Attitude, Parental Stress and Anxiety of the sample, as these factors play a crucial role. 2) Both ANOVA & t-Test, were mentioned in the synopsis.

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DATA EXPLANATION: Tools/Scales used

Variable

Range/Degree

Demographics

Age of Mothers

33 to 47 yrs.

Number of children

1, 2, 3

Number of Family Members 2 to 10

Parenting Attitude

Working Mothers

40

Non-Working Mothers

30

Laxness

(Less

rules, High (S>3.5*), Low (S3.5*), Low (S3.5*), Low (S=40), Low (S 37 (10)

Laxness

Over-reactivity Verbosity Stress Anxiety 37 - 40 (41)

Laxness Over-reactivity Verbosity Stress Anxiety

41 - 44 (14)


> 44 (5)

Laxness Over-reactivity

Frequency

%

High

5

50.0%

Low

5

50.0%

High

7

70.0%

Low

3

30.0%

High

10

100.0%

Low

0

0.0%

High

4

40.0%

Low

6

60.0%

Severe

0

0.0%

Moderate

3

30.0%

High

25

61.0%

Low

16

39.0%

High

28

68.3%

Low

13

31.7%

High

32

78.0%

Low

9

22.0%

High

19

46.3%

Low

22

53.7%

Severe

2

4.9%

Moderate

5

12.2%

High

11

78.6%

Low

3

21.4%

High

12

85.7%

Low

2

14.3%

High

8

57.1%

Low

6

42.9%

High

3

21.4%

Low

11

78.5%

Severe

1

7.2%

Moderate

3

21.4%

High

4

80.0%

Low

1

20.0%

High

5

100.0% 43 | P a g e

Verbosity Stress Anxiety

Low

0

0.0%

High

5

100.0%

Low

0

0.0%

High

2

40.0%

Low

3

60.0%

Severe

0

0.0%

Moderate

1

20.0%

High*: Indicates bad parenting, lot of stress; Severe*: Very high anxiety requiring immediate remedial action; Moderate*: high anxiety requiring corrective actions.

Overall, Mothers of age greater than 44yrs are showing highest degrees of Poor Parenting across the three parameters i.e. Laxness, Over-reactivity and Verbosity, Stress and Anxiety. Refer Fig 5 in Appendix 1 for the bar chart. We can also observe that overall mothers do not exhibit severe anxiety across all age-groups. High Stress % is lesser than the Low Stress % across all age – groups too, so Mothers (>44yrs) 60% have lower stress figures. Similarly 78% of mothers (4044) have low stress. The gap between high and Low stress % is least in the age group of Mothers between 37 & 40 i.e. High Stress (46%) & Low Stress (53.7%). But there definitely is a good amount of mothers who are stressed across all age groups who cannot be ignored. 40% of mothers less than 37yrs and greater than 44yrs all show High levels of Parental Stress. Mothers between 37 to 40 yrs are showing around 46% of Parental Stress and 21% of mothers in the age group between 41 to 44 yrs. have parental stress. Thus around 40% of the total sample (70) displays or has high levels of parenting stress. 30% of mothers less than 37yrs are displaying Moderate Anxiety. Total 15 mothers are showing Moderate to severe Anxiety, i.e. 21% of mothers. Though comparatively it is less but we need to be aware that these mothers definitely require some level of counselling and help to overcome and cope with their anxiety as it might be affecting their parenting and adding on to their parenting stress.

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Table 2b: Distribution of variables Attitude/Stress/Anxiety with respect to Number of Family Members Number of Family Members Less than 5

Total 42

Parenting Attitude

Degree


less than 8

22


> 7 7), least when nuclear family i.e. 76%. Although count of high stress mothers is less but we cannot ignore that 40% (less than 5), 36% (between 5 & 7) and 50% (>7) of the mothers do suffer from high stress. Anxiety figures are comparatively low again across all.

Table 2c: Distribution of variables Attitude/Stress/Anxiety with respect to Number of Children No of kids

Total

1

22

Parenting Attitude

Degree


2

46


Frequency

%

High

14

63.6%

Low

8

36.4%

High

19

86.4%

Low

3

13.6%

High

18

81.8%

Low

4

18.2%

High

5

22.7%

Low

17

77.3%

Severe

1

4.5%

Moderate

5

22.7%

High

30

65.2%

Low

16

34.8%

High

31

67.4%

Low

15

32.6%

High

35

76.1%

Low

11

23.9%

High

21

45.7%

Low

25

54.3%

Severe

1

2.2%

Moderate

6

13.0% 46 | P a g e

3

2


High

1

50.0%

Low

1

50.0%

High

2

100.0%

Low

0

0.0%

High

2

100.0%

Low

0

0.0%

High

2

100.0%

Low

0

0.0%

Severe

1

50.0%

Moderate

0

0.0%

Only 2 Mothers have 3 kids each, but it definitely shows that they are very high on Parenting as well as Stress. Overall we can observe that families with 1 child are higher in Bad parenting as compared to mothers having 2 kids. But stress of mothers is more when they are having more kids as compared to a single child Stress: 22% (1 child), 45% (2 children) and 100% (3 children). Fig 4 in Appendix for the bar chart. Anxiety remains low across all although for Mothers with 3 kids, it rises to 50%. These are extreme figures since only 2 mothers fall in this category.

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Table 2d: Distribution of variables Attitude/Stress/Anxiety with respect to Occupational Status of the Mothers. Occupation Working

Parenting Attitude 40 Laxness Over-reactivity Verbosity Stress Anxiety

Non-Working (Housewife)

30 Laxness Over-reactivity Verbosity Stress Anxiety

Degree

Frequency

%

High

28

70.0%

Low

12

30.0%

High

29

72.5%

Low

11

27.5%

High

31

77.5%

Low

9

22.5%

High

19

47.5%

Low

21

52.5%

Severe

1

2.5%

Moderate

9

22.5%

High

17

56.7%

Low

13

43.3%

High

23

76.7%

Low

7

23.3%

High

24

80.0%

Low

6

20.0%

High

9

30.0%

Low

21

70.0%

Severe

2

6.7%

Moderate

4

13.3%

From the figures above working mothers are exhibiting overall Bad parenting (~220%), and greater Stress (47.5%) than compared to Non-Working Mothers (~200%) & Stress (30%). Both Verbosity and Over-reactivity are at the higher side for both working (77.5% & 72.5%) and nonworking mothers (80% & 76.7% respectively)

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2. DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS Table 3a: Mean and SD of all the variables of the study Variables Laxness Overreactivity Verbosity Anxiety Stress

N 70 70 70 70 70

Mean 39.31 38.03 27.56 12.59 38.06

SD 8.88 6.54 5.74 10.22 10.09

The study sample consisted of 70 mothers. Variable Laxness has mean scores of 39.31 and standard deviation of 8.88, Over-reactivity has mean scores of 38.03 and standard Deviation of 6.54, Verbosity has a mean of 27.56 and a standard deviation of 5.74, Anxiety has a mean score of 12.59 and standard deviation of 10.22 and finally the Parenting Stress has a mean of 38.06 and standard deviation of 10.09. Table 3b: Distribution of Degree of Parenting Attitude, Stress and Anxiety across the sample Variables/Degree Total

High

Low

Laxness

64%

36%

Over-Reactivity

74%

23%

Verbosity

79%

21%

Stress

40%

60%

Total Parenting

84%

16%

Anxiety

Low

Severe

Moderate

79%

4%

17%

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3. INFERENTIAL STATISTICS a. CORRELATION Table 4: Pearson Correlation ‘r’ across all the variables of the study

Laxness Laxness

Over-reactivity

Attitude

Anxiety

Stress

Total

Total

Total

Verbosity

1

Over-reactivity

0.52

1.00

Verbosity

0.53

0.58

1.00

Attitude Total

0.83

0.82

0.78

1.00

Anxiety Total

0.49

0.12

0.24

0.35

1.00

Stress Total

0.25

0.07

0.28

0.23

0.40

1.00

Laxness and Anxiety: A Moderate Positive correlation exists between the two variables (r=.30< .49 = 40 yrs.)

27.82 27.22

1, 68

0.18

0.67

3.98

Stress (< 40 yrs.) Stress (> = 40 yrs.)

39.0 36.87

1, 68

0.77

0.38

3.98

Anxiety (> 40 yrs.) Anxiety (> = 40 yrs.)

10.87 14.74

1, 68

2.53

0.12

3.98

Joint/Nuclear Family groups Laxness (< 5) Laxness (> = 5)

40.33 37.79

1, 68

1.39

0.24

3.98

Over-reactivity (> 5) Over-reactivity (> = 5)

38.24 37.71

1, 68

0.11

0.75

3.98

Verbosity (> 5) Verbosity (> = 5)

27.90 27.03

1, 68

0.38

0.54

3.98

Stress (> = 5) Stress (> = 5)

36.00 37.25

1, 68

0.30

0.59

3.98

Anxiety (> = 5) Anxiety (> = 5)

12.76 12.32

1, 68

0.03

0.86

3.98

Number of Children 3 Groups Laxness (1) Laxness (>=2)

40.14 38.94

1, 68

0.15

0.86

3.98

Over-reactivity (1)

40.5

1, 68

5.03

0.028*

3.98

Variables 1 Age Groups Laxness (< 40 yrs) Laxness (> = 40 yrs.)

2

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Over-reactivity (> = 2)

36.90

Verbosity (1) Verbosity (> = 2)

28.73 27.02

1, 68

1.72

0.19

3.98

Stress (1) Stress (> = 2)

36.09 38.96

1, 68

0.87

0.35

3.98

Anxiety (1) Anxiety (>=2)

12.05 12.83

1, 68

0.003

0.96

3.98

Working/Non-Working 4 Groups Laxness (30) Laxness (40)

37.17 40.93

1, 68

3.170

0.079**

3.98

Over-reactivity (30) Over-reactivity (40)

38.73 37.5

1, 68

0.61

0.44

3.98

Verbosity (30) Verbosity (40)

28.23 27.05

1, 68

0.73

0.40

3.98

Stress (30) Stress (40)

37.73 38.3

1, 68

0.05

0.82

3.98

Anxiety (30) Anxiety (40)

11.2 13.63

1, 68

0.96

0.33

3.98

High/Low Parenting Anxiety (High Parenting) Anxiety (Low Parenting)

13.66 5.4

1, 68

6.15

.0156

3.98

Stress (High Parenting) Stress (Low Parenting)

38.52 35.60

1, 68

1.201

.276

3.98

5

*α 37

37 - 40

High OR 41 - 44

High Verb

High Lax

> 44

Fig 2: Percentage Distribution of Age-wise High Attitude, P.Stress and Anxiety

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3. Figure 3

NOF vs P.Attitude, P.Stress, Anxiety 100.0% 80.0% 60.0% 40.0% 20.0% 0.0% High Stress

High Lax Less than 5

Mod/Sev anxiety less than 8

High OR

High Verb

> 7 =37 (10)

37 - 40 (41)

Tot

41 - 44 (14)

Low

Low

Ver

High

Low

OR

High

Low

Lax

High

Low

High

Low

Ver

High

Low

OR

High

Low

Lax

High

Low

Tot A

High

Low

VER

High

Low

OR

High

Low

Lax

High

Low

Tot

High

High

Low

High

Low

High

Low

High

0.0%

Tot

> 44 (5)

Fig 5: Age-wise % of Poor Parenting and Good Parenting

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APPENDIX II EVALUATION SCHEME FOR PROJECT (To be filled by the External Examiner)

Name of the Programme: MAPC

Course Code:

Study Centre:

Regional Centre:

Name of the Learner: Enrolment No.: Details

Maximum Marks

Review of Literature

5

Significance of the Study

5

Methodology

15

Data Analysis

20

Results and Discussion

20

References

5

Viva voce

30

Total Marks

100

Marks Obtained

Comments if any:_________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ Signature: __________________________ Name of Internal Examiner _____________________________ Date:

Signature: _________________________ Name & Address of External Examiner _________________________________ Date:

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APPENDIX V

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APPENDIX VI Letter to Mothers Information and Consent Form cum Letter to Conduct a Survey on Parenting Attitude vs Stress & Anxiety

Dear Mothers/Parents,

Class 6th (senior school) must have been a huge transition for both your children as well as you in terms of curriculum, change in exam pattern and overall academic/parenting workload. As a mother of two, I myself know what it takes and how impactful it is in our day to day interactions with our child and his/her school, in every possible way. There is enough understanding of the extent to which mothers contribute and put efforts behind their kids and it is truly appreciated. It is for this reason alone that our children are smart, bright, alert and doing so well in every aspect. There have been numerous studies done on how Parenting Pressure is impacting the children but very few or zero research done on how the parents especially mothers are under pressure due to the constant Demands of parenting. The purpose of this study is exactly this that is to gauge the levels of Stress and Anxiety that the mothers bear due to the immense pressure of parenting. We are looking for 100% participation and encourage you to not miss this opportunity. This exercise shall allow us together to address this untouched issue and guide us for the way ahead.

Brief of the Survey: There are 3 different questionnaires along with a Demographic Form listed here: 1. Demographics (General Info e.g. Name, Age etc.), 2. Parenting Attitude (your interaction with your child) 3. Parental Stress (How your involvement with your child impacts your own self?) 4. Beck’s Anxiety (how often feeling of nervousness, sweating etc. you experience linked with parenting) The effectiveness of this survey lies in prompt and true responses from the mothers. Request all mothers to be calm and settled when answering the questions. The questionnaire is very straight forward and you shall be able to relate yourself to the questions. The duration of the survey is between 10 to 15 min (max). Kindly return the filled in questionnaires latest by Date: Thanks a lot for your participation.

Meghna Singh (Project Coordinator, For any queries you can call at 09810152499 between 10 AM to 4 PM) Pursuing MA in Psychology (Counselling): IGNOU 92 | P a g e

APPENDIX VII Forms and Scales for Data Collection Form 1

DEMOGRAPHIC DETAILS

Kindly provide general details about yourself and your family. Name Gender

Age

Address

Family Details No. of Members

Nuclear

Joint

Number of children Details

Name

Age

Gender

Class

School

Child 1 Child 2 Child 3 Education Occupation Do you feel parenting is a challenge in today’s times? How?

What are the main concerns regarding your child’s study habits and attitude?

Do you have any of the following ailments? Diabetes Thyroid Blood Pressure Weight Other *All information provided shall be used only for research purpose and shall remain confidential.

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Form 2

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Form 3

Parental Stress Scale The following statements describe feelings and perceptions about the experience of being a parent. Think of each of the items in terms of how your relationship with your child or children typically is. Please indicate the degree to which you agree or disagree with the following items by placing the appropriate number in the space provided. 1 = Strongly disagree 2 = Disagree 3 = Undecided 4 = Agree 5 = Strongly agree 1

I am happy in my role as a parent

2

4

There is little or nothing I wouldn't do for my child(ren) if it was necessary. Caring for my child(ren) sometimes takes more time and energy than I have to give. I sometimes worry whether I am doing enough for my child(ren).

5

I feel close to my child(ren).

6

I enjoy spending time with my child(ren).

7

My child(ren) is an important source of affection for me.

8

Having child(ren) gives me a more certain and optimistic view for the future. The major source of stress in my life is my child(ren).

3

9

10 Having child(ren) leaves little time and flexibility in my life. 11 Having child(ren) has been a financial burden. 12 It is difficult to balance different responsibilities because of my child(ren). 13 The behaviour of my child(ren) is often embarrassing or stressful to me. 14 If I had it to do over again, I might decide not to have child(ren). 15 I feel overwhelmed by the responsibility of being a parent. 16 Having child(ren) has meant having too few choices and too little control over my life. 17 I am satisfied as a parent 18 I find my child(ren) enjoyable

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Form 4 Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) Below is a list of common symptoms of anxiety. Please carefully read each item in the list. Indicate how much you have been bothered by the symptoms during the past 2 months, including today, by circling the number in the corresponding space in the column next to each symptom.

Not At All

Numbness or tingling

□

Mildly but it didn’t bother me much □

Moderately it wasn’t pleasant at times □

Severely – it bothered me a lot

Feeling hot

□

□

□

□

Wobbliness in legs

□

□

□

□

Unable to relax

□

□

□

□

Fear of worst happening Dizzy or lightheaded

□

□

□

□

□

□

□

□

Heart pounding/racing Unsteady

□

□

□

□

□

□

□

□

Terrified or afraid

□

□

□

□

Nervous

□

□

□

×

Feeling of choking

□

□

□

□

Hands trembling

□

□

□

□

Shaky / unsteady

□

□

□

□

Fear of losing control

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Difficulty in breathing

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Fear of dying

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Scared

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Indigestion

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Faint / lightheaded

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Face flushed

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Hot/cold sweats

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97 | P a g e