Oct 3, 1993 - One individual was observed feeding on flowers of Acacia salicina. 122. Lindley on the bank of the Flinders R., 20.5 km NW of Prairie (20°45'S, ...
DE W!LDEMAN, E. (1893) Notes mycologiques. Annls Soc. beige Microsc. 17(2): 35-68. (nQt seen) EU.IS, M. B. (1976) More dematiaceous hyphomycetes. Pp. 1-507. Commonwealth Mycological Institute, Kew. INGOLD, C. T . (1942) Aquatic hyphomycetes of decaying alder leaves. Trans. Br. mycol. Soc. 25(4): 339-417. INGOLD, C. T. (1977) Identity of some conidia from stream foam. Trans. Br. mycol. Soc. 69(2): 325-326. KUTHUBliTHEEN, A. J. (1987) A new species of Pha/angispora and further observations on P. constricta from Malaysia . Trans. Br. mycol. Soc. 89(3): 414-420. LANE, L. C. & SHEARER, C. A. (1984) Helicomyces torquatus, a new hyphomycete from Panama. Mycotaxon 19 : 291-297. MARVANOVA, L. (1973) Notes on Lateriramulosa uni-inflata. Trans. Br mycol. Soc. 60(1): 145-147. MARV ANOV A, L. (1977) Two new Alatospora species. Arch. Protist en/c. 119: 68-74. MARVANOVA, L. & DESCALS, E. (1985) New and critical taxa of aquatic hyphomycetes . Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 91(1-2): 1-23. MATSUSHIMA, T. (1971) Microfrmgi of the Solomon Islands and Papua-New Guinea. Pp. 78, pis 48. Published by the author, Kobe. (not seen) NAWAWI, A. (1975) Triscelophoms acuminatus sp. nov. Trans. Br. mycol. Soc. 64(2): 345348. NAWAWI, A. (1976a) Condylospora gen. nov., a hyphomycete from a foam sample. Trans. Br. mycol. Soc. 66(2): 363-365. NAWAWI, A . (1976b) Another new Flabellospora . Trans. Br. mycol. Soc. 66(3): 543-547. NAWAWI, A. (1985) Some interesting hyphomycetes from water. Mycotaxon 24:217-226. NAWAWI, A. (1987) Diplocladiella appendia1lata sp. nov. a new aero-aquatic hyphomycete. Mycotaxon 28(2): 297-302. NAWAWI, A. & WEBSTER, J. (1982) Pha/angispora constricta gen. et sp. nov., a sporodochial hyphomycete with branched conidia. Trans. Br. mycol. Soc. 79(1): 65-68. RANZONJ, F. V . (1953) The aquatic hyphomycetes of California. Farlowia 4: 353-398. ROLDAN, A., DESCALS, E. & HONRUBIA, M. (1989) Pure culture studies on Tetracladium . Mycol. Res. 93(4): 452-465. S!NCLAIR, R. C. & EICKER, A. (1983) Ten interesting species of aquatic hyphomycetes from South Africa. Bothalia 14(3-4): 939-942. SWART, H. J. (1986) A preliminary survey of aquatic hyphomycetes in Victoria, Australia. Trans. Br. mycol. Soc. 86(3): 497-501. THAKUR, S . B. (1977) Survival of some aquatic hyphomycetes under dry conditions. Mycologia 69(4): 843-845. THOMAS, K., CH!L VERS, G. A. & NORRIS, R. H. (1989) Seasonal occurrence of conidia of aquatic hyphomycetes (fungi) in Lees Creek, Australian Capital Territory. Aust. J . mar. Freshw. Res. 40(1): 11-23. THOMAS, K., CH!LVERS, G. A. & NORRIS, R. H. (1992) Colonization and persistence of aquatic hyphomycetes on Eucalyptus viminalis bark and twigs in an Australian stream. Nova Hedwigia 55(3-4): 407-417.
RANGE EXTENSIONS AND DISTRIBUTION RECORDS FOR SOME BUTTERFLIES IN NORTH-EASTERN QUEENSlAND PART Ill Michael F. Braby 1 Abstract New distribution records and range extensions in north-eastern Queensland are given for Trapezites macqueeni, Hesperilla crypsigramma, Delias aganippe, Vanes sa it ea, Vanessa kershawi, Paralucia pyrodiscus pyrodiscus, Hypochrysops narcissus narcissus, Ogyris abrota, 0. olane, 0. bamardi bamardi, 0. oroetes oroetes, Hypolycaena danis tumeri, Candalides hyacinthinus hyacinthinus, C. heathi heathi, Zetona delospila, Syntarucus plinius pseudocassius, Zizeeria karsandra and Euchrysops cnejus cnidus.
Introduction The following list of species forms the third part of this series dealing with butterfly distribution records in north-eastern Queensland (see Braby & Dunn 1991, Braby 1992). Of considerable interest are the first records of Ogyris barnardi bamardi Miskin from northern Queensland, new localities for 0. abrota Westwood and Zetona delospila (Waterhouse), and the rediscovery of Candalides heathi heathi (Cox), a species which has not been recorded for over 80 years from this region. Nomenclature is in accordance with Dunn & Dunn (1991). Specimens are currently lodged in the author's private collection. HESPERIIDAE Trapezites macqueeni (Kerr & Sands) One male was taken in open eucalypt forest at 740 m on the Newcastle Ra. approximately 31 km W of Einasleigh (18°33'S, 143°50'E), 5.5.92. The locality extends the range of this species inland by about 250 km NW of the Paluma Ra. and some 200 km SW from the localities on the Atherton Tablelands [Kuranda-Mareeba district, Common & Waterhouse (1981), Herberton, G. Wood (pers. comm.)].
Hesperilla crypsigramma (Meyrick & Lower) Three males were collected on the summit of Sydney Heads at 912 m about 30 km SSE of Eungella (21 °25'S, 148°34'E). 7.4.92, and a further 1 Present address: CSIRO Division of Entomology, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601.
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Qd Nat. 32 (5-6) 1994
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two males were netted at St Johns Peak at 920 m approximately 14 km S of Eungella (21 °16'S, 148°28'E), 13.3.1994. The species is not recorded along the north-eastern Queensland coast between Townsville and Byfield near Rockhampton (Atkins 1976, Common & Waterhouse 1981, Dunn & Dunn 1991 (map 168)), a distance of approximately 550 km. The presence of the species near Eungella provides a new intermediate locality, bridging the apparent disjunction between these two areas. PIERIDAE Delias aganippe (Donovan) In north-eastern Queensland this species has been recorded on very few occasions; all known records were summarised by Dunn & Dumi (1991) and Braby (1992). Most sightings have been made from upland areas on or south of the Atherton Tablelands, but it is not clear if D. aganippe breeds in this region. Further south the species has been recorded more frequently in central Queensland. The only record for the Mackay district is a single specimen taken by Waterhouse (1932) "in the ranges west of Mackay", which undoubtedly refers to the Eungella region. On 16.9.93 a male in fresh condition was netted on the summit of St Johns Peak (920 m) about 14 km S of Eungella (21 °16'S, 148°28'E). The specimen was flying in company with D. argenthona (Fabricius). Exocarpos cupressi[ormis Labill., a larval food plant of D. aganippe, was noted growing in abundance on the lower slopes and adjacent woodland country; however, the early stages were not located, and no adults were observed at the Peak during a later visit on 11-13.3.94. It is possible that the butterfly does not breed in the Eungella Ra. NYMPHALIDAE Vanessa itea (Fabricius) In northern Queensland this species is known only from the Atherton Tablelands (Waterhouse & Lyell1914, Dunn & Dunn 1991, D. Lane pers. comm.). The species has a predominantly temperate distribution and is more widespread south of Yeppoon in central Queensland, about 850 km south of the Atherton Tablelands. On 7.4.92 one male in relatively fresh condition was observed hilltopping at the summit of Sydney Heads (912m), about 30 km SSE of Eungella (21 °25'S, 148°34'E), at 1515 hrs. Although the specimen evaded capture there was no doubt as to the identity of this distinctive species. The record provides a new upland locality for northern Queensland.
Vanessa kershawi (McCoy) One individual was observed feeding on flowers of Acacia salicina
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Lindley on the bank of the Flinders R., 20.5 km NW of Prairie (20°45'S, 144 28'E), 30.4.92, at 1218 hrs. In north-eastern Queensland this species has been recorded mostly near the coast (Dunn & Dunn, 1991, map 487) and is generally uncommon. The Flinders R. record represents the first inland locality for northern Queensland. 0
LYCAENIDAE Paralucia pyrodiscus pyrodiscus (Doubleday) A series of specimens and early stages were collected from a small colony in open woodland located about 19 km W of Paluma, 28.8.93. The colony represents the second recording of this species in north-eastern Queensland; the only other known locality is from a restricted area near Herberton (Wood 1992). So far the species has not been recorded with certainty from the intervening country between Paluma and the Blackdown Tablelands-Duaringa district in central Queensland (Braby et at. 1992).
Hypochrysops narcissus narcissus (Fabricius) This species reaches its southern distribution limit in the coastal paperbark woodlands near Ingham in north-eastern Queensland (Dunn & Dunn 1991). On 12.1.92, several adults were noted during late afternoon flying rapidly amongst the canopy of Melalueca viridi[lora Gaetner in a patch of swampland about 12 km NW of Rollingstone. Two males were subsequently netted about 12 m from ground level as they settled on the outer foliage of M. viridi[lora on 19.1.92 between 1730 and 1800 hrs EST. Further observations on adult behaviour made on 25.5.92 sugested that males tended to establish territories in the late afternoon by perching in sunlit areas on the foliage of the paperbark trees, at rest the wings were typically opened at 90° towards the sun, and individuals would invariably chase conspecific males. On 25.10.92 and 3.11.92, a series of both sexes was collected in remnanLpaperbark woodland near Bluewater, approximately 45 km NW of Townsville. Adults were very local in extent at this latter site and were avidly feeding on the flowers of the epiphyte Dischidia nummularia R. Br. These two localities extend the range of H n. narcissus considerably further south of Ingham. Ogyris abrota Westwood A colony of this species was located in pasture land, with a sparse cover of Eucalyptus resinifera Smith and E. grandis Maiden, 10 km S of Eungella (21 oB'S, 148°28'E) at approximately 700 m, 9.4.92. Several males in rather good condition were observed with 8 X 24 binoculars between 1122 and 1152 hrs as they patrolled and settled around the tops of relatively
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isolated 15-18 m high eucalypts, a territorial behaviour which is apparently peculiar to this member of the genus (Braby & Berg 1989). A single male was also observed at close range (10-12 m from ground level) for about 10 mins. as it settled on a clump of Muellerina eucalyptoides (DC.) Barlow, a known larval food plant. During a second visit, on 17.9.93 two females and two males were observed for about 30 minutes in the early afternoon as they flew high around clumps of the food plant which grew on a large rose gum, but no adults were captured. However, an empty pupal shell, eggs and attendant ants were recovered on or near the epicortical runners of M. eucalyptoides on a branch of a eucalypt. On 12.3.94 eggs, an early instar larva and an empty pupal shell were recovered from the butt of the larval food plant on E. grandis. The locality is particularly noteworthy as it represents only the third occasion on which this species has been recorded in north-eastern Queensland. The two other localities are from disjunct upland areas farther north near Ingham and Herberton (Wood 1992, Dunn & Dunn 1991), otherwise the species is known only from areas south of Toowoomba in south-eastern Queensland (Common & Waterhouse 1981). [A misquotation appeared in Dunn & Dunn 1991 -the record they mention from west of Ingham was in fact based on the capture of a worn male on Mt Fox crater in the Seaview Ra. by J. Young (in litt), and not from the rearing of a single adult on Amyema miquelii.] M. eucalyptoides was previously unknown north of Kingaroy in southern Queensland; a voucher specimen (No. 11624 R.J. Cumming & M.F. Braby) from the Eungella site has been lodged in the Queensland Herbarium,
Ogyris olane Hewitson In an earlier communication (Braby 1992) I discussed the distribution and status of this species in northern Queensland and referred to two specimens bred from the James Cook University campus, Townsville, which somewhat resembled the inland race 0. o. olane Hewitson. A further seven specimens (6M, 1F) have since been taken by Max Overton and myself from James Cook University during mid April-early May 1992, and another male was netted on 26.4.93. The adults were feeding, in company with 0. zosine typhon Waterhouse & Lyell and 0. amaryllis hewitsoni Waterhouse, on the flowers ofAmyema miquelii (Lehm. ex Miq.) parasitising Eucalyptus platyphylla F. Muell. In contrast to the first two specimens taken in December 1989-January 1990, all subsequent autumn specimens closely conform to the coastal race 0. o. ocela Waterhouse, suggesting that the variation in this species may have a seasonal basis. [The locality given as "near Townsville" by Common & Waterhouse (1981) was
in fact a separate record from the locality west of Paluma mentioned by Braby (1992). The latter locality was based on specimens taken by R. Mayo in 1988 (K.L. Dunn, pers. comm.). More recently I secured a small series (6M) 19 km W of Paluma on 3.10.93 and 22 .1.94. All specimens are typical ocela.]
Ogyris bamardi barnardi Miskin The most northern limit of the nominate subspecies is Marlborough (Dunn & Dunn 1991) and Clermont (Waterhouse 1932, 1934) in central Queensland. Five new localities have been located. On 28.4.92 a small colony was located 10 km E of Balfes Ck, about 35 km WSW of Charters Towers (20°10'S, 145°59'E), in a remnant roadside patch of brigalow (Acacia harpophylla Benth.) with scattered clumps of the larval food plant Amyema quandang (Lindley) Tieghem. Five males were taken as they settled to feed on flowers of A. quandang. Adults were observed on subsequent visits, 18.5.92, 6.9.92, 12 .5.93, 16.10.1993. A second colony was located on the Burra Ra. about 31 km SW of Pentland (20°44'S, 145°11'E), 29.4 .. 92 and 3.5.92. At this site four males, two females and the early stages were collected on or near the food plant growing on Acacia shirleyi Maiden. On 30.4.92 another colony was discovered approximately 19 km NW of Prairie (20°45'S, 144°30'E) where several adults were observed, but not netted, between 1045 and 1115 hrs flying around A. quandang parasitising Acacia cambagei R.Barker. Two more colonies were subsequently located on 22.8.93: one at 18 km SW of Broadleigh Downs station, approximately 105 km SE of Pentland (20°59'S, 146°06'E), and another about 77 km S of Charters Towers (20°42'S, 146°18'E); at both sites several adults (8M, IF) were netted as they settled to feed on flowers of A. quandang which grew in abundance on Acacia argyrodendron Domin. At all localities adults were locally common and flew in close proximity to the food plant, frequently settling on dead branches of the food tree for long periods. These newly recorded localities extend the range of this species by about 350-400 km north-west. [The Burra Ra. record serves to confirm an earlier observation of juveniles and adults by A. Atkins in September 1974 (Le Souef 1976, A. Atkins pers. comm. 1992). Common & Waterhouse (1981) and Dunn & Dunn (1991) excluded this locality from their maps because no specimens were taken]. Ogyris oroetes oroetes Hewitson In north-eastern Queensland this species appears to have a rather limited distribution, known only from four restricted areas: Townsville (Common & Waterhouse 1972), Hidden Valley west of Paluma (pers. obs.)
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and further north near Cairns at Ell is Beach and at about 20 km west of Kuranda (Lane 1979). Otherwise the species is recorded further south in central Queensland, but also at Mt Isa in the far west of the State (Common & Waterhouse 1981, Dunn & Dunn 1991, map 300). On 4.5.92 several males were observed during the late afternoon between 1600 and 1700 hrs as they settled high up (c. 8-10 m) on the dead branches of a large Eucalyptus papuana F.Muell., 37 km S of Lynd Junction (19°10'S, 144°27'E). No specimens were netted but they were closely observed with binoc~lars for relatively long periods and two diagnostic features were ~oted which. suggests they were of this species: (1) lilac blue colouratwn .on the w1~gs above, and (2) a very straight postmedian band on the forewmg un~ers1de. The larval food plant Amyema bifurcatum (Benth.) Tieghem grew m · abundance in the area as well as on the tree on which the butterflies were observed. The only other Ogyris seen in the area was 0. zosine typhon, which was fairly common. On 6.5.92, a second colony was located about 42 km N of Lynd Junction, approximately 115 km SSW of Mt Garnet (18o32'S, 144°44'E). One larva and one pupa were collected under loose bark at the base of E. papuana supporting several clumps of A. bifurcatum. A female was also observed on the same tree . The pupa was parasitised but the larva yielded a female on 23 May after completing 14 days in the pupal stage. On 15.5.93 a third colony was discovered 33 km WSW of Charters Towers where numerous pupae were collected from E. papuana with A. bifurcatum. Adults were relatively abundant at this locality, frequently flying around clumps of the food plant near the tops of trees or settling on small dead branches. Another colony was located 6 km W of Charters Towers on 30 .1 .94; five pupal exuviae and one dead larva were collected from under loose bark at the base of Eucalyptus tessellaris F. Muell. which supported numerous clumps of A. bifurcatum. In contrast to other members of this genus, the early stages of this butterfly were not attended by ants. These . new inland localities suggest the species may be rather more widespread m northern Queensland than present records indicate.
Hypolycaena danis tumeri (Waterhouse) This species is now firmly established in Townsville (Smythe 1993, Valentine 1994a,b). My earliest specimens were bred in October 1992, and according to local orchid growers the species was first noticed at that time, the larvae causing considerable and widespread damage to ornamental plants (R. Smythe pers. comm.). It is possible the species is extending its ra~ge south, either naturally or through transportation of food plants by orchid growers. It was first recorded near Ingham in March 1980 (Valentine & Johnson 1982), but prior to that it was unknown south of Innisfail (Common 126
& Waterhouse 1972, 1981). Candalides hyacinthinus (Semper) In north-eastern Queensland this species occurs predominantly in upland rainforest and tall open forest on the tablelands between Townsville and Cairns. There is an isolated record from the Burra Ra. (see Common & Waterhouse 1981, Dunn & Dunn 1991), which is probably an error because the species is often replaced by the closely related C. geminus Edwards & Kerr in the hotter dry inland areas of northern Queensland, and I have not taken C. h. hyacinthinus there despite extensive collecting. Moreover, Dunn & Dunn (1991) were unable to locate any authentic specimens of this species from the Burra Ra.; all known specimens in fact belong to C. geminus (K.L. Dunn pers. comm.). South of Townsville (Bluewater State Forest) there is a large disjunction in range of some 600 km to Byfield near Rockhampton (Dunn & Dunn 1991, map 339). On 7A.92 adults were recorded hilltopping in relatively large numbers on the plateau of Sydney Heads (c. 900 m), about 30 km SSE of Eungella (21 °25'S, 148°34'E). However, too few specimens of reasonable condition were taken to comment on subspecific status. The locality provides a new record, bridging the apparent disjunction in range between Byfield and Townsville. Candalides heathi heathi (Cox) Fifteen freshly emerged females, nine of which were collected, were recorded along a narrow strip of roadside vegetation dominated by Acacia harpophylla and Eucalyptus cambageana Maiden 35 km WSW of Charters Towers (20°10'S, 145°59'E), 18.5.92 between 1100 and 1200 hrs. Despite abundance of females no males were present, and no adults were detected when I visited the site on 28.4.92, 12.5.93, 16.10.93 and 30.1.94. Prior to my first visit in late April the habitat was extremely dry and in poor condition but a short period of heavy rainfall occurred between 28 April and 18 May, so it is possible that the emergence was triggered by this climatic event. Fisher (1978) notes that in South Australia the pupal stage is variable and that it may last more than a season, indicating diapause capacity for this species. C. heathi heathi is apparently local but widely distributed across much of Australia, and common south of Clermont in central Queensland (e.g. Dunn & Dunn 1991, map 341). However, the only locality for northern Queensland is an old, isolated and disjunct record from Petford (Waterhouse & Lyell1914) and there are no other records to indicate that the species has been taken in this region for over 80 years. The Charters Towers collection thus provides a new locality and confirms the presence of this species in north-eastern Queensland. The larval food plant for this inland population is
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not known, but females were noted flying near Eremophila mitchellii Benth.
Zetona delospila (Waterhouse) Several adults of this diminutive species were collected in the sandstone country on the Burra Ra., about I8 km ENE of Torrens Ck, 2.5.92. A single female was also netted 9 km WSW of Torrens Ck (same date). I followed these observations on 13-I4.5.93 to learn more of the life history (Braby unpubl.) and took a series of specimens. In Queensland this species was previously known only from two localities: 30 km W of Fairview (Monteith & Hancock I977) and Porcupine Gorge National Park about 70 km N ofHughenden (Valentine & Johnson I982). The Burra Ra. and Torrens Ck records provide new localities for Queensland, extending the range approximately 80 km further east.
Syntarucus plinius pseudocassius (Murray) Few records of this common and widespread lycaenid are known from inland areas in northern Queensland. The species is common in urban areas, and it is known from many coastal localities (Dunn & Dunn I99I, map 388). It has also been recorded at Selwyn mine in far western Queensland (T.A. Woodger, pers. comm.). A female was collected whilst she was feeding on flowers of Melaleuca linariifolia Smith on the Flinders R. 20 km NW of Prairie (20°45'S, I44°28'E), 6.I0.92 at I200 hr, thus providing a new inland locality for north-eastern Queensland.
Zizeeria karsandra (Moore) The distribution of this species in northern Queensland was detailed by Braby (I992) and the apparent lack of records from inland areas was emphasised. I now have several additional localities with specimens from Campaspe R., I7.5 km NE ofPentland (20°27'S, I45°3I'E), 29.4.92 (eggs and larvae); Hughenden, 4.5.92 (IM); Junction Ck, 9.5 km W of Mt Surprise (18°10'S, I44°I5'E), 6.5.92 (IM); and 35 km WSW Charters Towers (20° IQ'S, I45°59'E), I8.5.92 (IF). In all cases adults were commonly observed in close proximity of the introduced larval food plant Tribulus cistoides L. which grew commonly on roadsides. The species is undoubtedly widespread across northern Queensland.
Euchrysops cnejus cnidus Waterhouse & Lyell One female was collected on the Burra Ra. I7 .5 km E of Torrens Ck (20°43'S, 145°10'E), 2.10.91, and another female was taken on the Einasleigh R., Carpentaria Downs Station, approximately 35 km W of Lynd Junction (18°45'S, I44°18'E), 5.5.92. These two records extend the range of
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this species considerably further inland, the Burra Ra. locality by approximately 200 km from the coast at this latitude (Dunn & Dunn 1991, map 398). Acknowledgements I thank Russell Cumming for valuable botanical assistance and Kelvyn Dunn for considerable help with historical records and for critically reviewing the manuscript. Jeremy Billington, Kelvyn Dunn, Peter Fox and Max Overton assisted with field work. Andrew Atkins, David Lane, Bob Smythe and Terry Woodger also kindly provided helpful information. References ATKINS, A. F. (1976) New records for butterflies in southern, central and northern Queensland. Aust. ent. Mag. 3: 1-4. BRABY, M.F. (1992) Range extensions and distribution records of some butterflies in northeastern Queensland- Part II. l'lctorian Ent. 22: 51-55. BRABY, M.F. & BERG, G.N. (1989) Further notes on the butterflies of Wattle Park. Victorian Ent. 106: 118-132. BRABY, M.F., CROSBY, D.F. & VAUGHAN, P.J. (1992) Distribution and range reduction in Victoria of the Eltham Copper Butterfly Paralucia pyrodiscus lucida Crosby. Victorian Nat. 109: 154-161. BRABY, M.F. & DUNN, K.L. (1991) Range extensions and distribution records of some butterflies in north-eastern Queensland. Victorian Ent. 21: 62-66. COMMON, I.F.B. & WATERHOUSE, D.F. (1972, 1981) Butterflies of Australia. Angus and Robertson. DUNN, K.L. & DUNN, L.E. (1991) Revie~~-· of Australian Butterflies: distribution, life history and taxonomy. Parts Il, Ill & fl/. Privately published by the authors, Melbourne. FISHER, R.H. (1978) Butterflies of South Australia. Government Printer, South Australia. LANE, D.L. (1979) Life history notes and distribution records for some Queensland butterflies. Aust. ent. Mag. 5: 115-117. LE SOUEF, J.C. (1976) Notes on a winter visit to the Burra Range. News Bull. Ent. Soc. Qld. 3: 170. MONTEITH, G.B. & HANCOCK, D.L. (1977) Range extensions and notable records for butterflies of Cape York Peninsula, Australia. Artst. ent. Mag. 4: 21-38. SMYTHE, R. (1993) The not so beautiful butterfly. Australian Orchid Review. October 1993: 4-5. VALENTINE, P.S. (1994a) Urban butterflies- a provisional list for Townsville. News Bull. Ent. Soc. Qld. 21: 160-164. VALENTINE, P.S. (1994b) Back yard butterflies in northern Queensland: the late dry season. Victorian Ent. 24: 38-41. VALENTINE, P.S. & JOHNSON, S.J. (1982) New records of Lycaenidae and Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera) from northern Queensland. Artst. ent Mag. 9: 1-3. WATERHOUSE, G.A. (1932) !Vhat Butterfly is That? Angus and Robertson, Sydney. WATERHOUSE, G.A. (1934) Notes on Australian Lycaenidae. VII. Descriptions of new races. Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. W. 59: 416-420. WATERHOUSE, G.A. & LYELL, G. (1914) The Butterflies of Australia. Angus & Robertson, Sydney. WOOD, G.A. (1992) New distribution records for Lycaenidae (Lepidoptera) from northern Queensland. Aust. ent. Mag. 19: 28.
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