Review of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry - JP Medical ...

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w of Endodontics and. Operative Dentistry ... w of Endodontics and. Operative Dentistry. ® ..... Dental Materials. • Textbook of Operative Dentistry by Vimal K Sikri.
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Revie w of Endodontics and view Oper ativ tr Operativ ativee Dentis Dentistr tryy

Nisha Garg MDS (GDC, Patiala) Consultant Endodontist Faridabad, Haryana India

Amit Garg MDS (PGIMS, Rohtak) Consultant Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon Faridabad, Haryana India

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JAYPEE BROTHERS MEDICAL PUBLISHERS (P) LTD New Delhi • Ahmedabad • Bengaluru • Chennai • Hyderabad • Kochi • Kolkata • Lucknow • Mumbai • Nagpur

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Review of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry © 2008, Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers All rights reserved. No part of this publication should be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means: electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the author and the publisher. This book has been published in good faith that the material provided by authors is original. Every effort is made to ensure accuracy of material, but the publisher, printer and authors will not be held responsible for any inadvertent error(s). In case of any dispute, all legal matters are to be settled under Delhi jurisdiction only.

First Edition: 2008 ISBN 978-81-8448-386-4 Typeset at JPBMP typesetting unit Printed at Ajanta Press

To Our Beloved Daughter Prisha

Preface

With such a vast amount of literature present in dentistry, sometimes it seems frustrating and overwhelming as being surrounded by books of all sorts providing the knowledge and yet not having the touch and how to attempt an answer in the examination. We felt the need of simple, systematized and comprehensive book to cover the maximum syllabus in shorter time. Being an exam-oriented book, this acts as a guide and companion to neutralize the confusions and apprehensions occurring during the exams. The attempt has been made to solve long and short questions commonly asked during various university examinations over the 20 years. It includes all the topics presented in the syllabus given by DCI in simple and easy language. This book has been arranged in simple, small chapters illustrated with tables, charts and line diagrams which are easy to remember and reproduce during the examination . We await the response and suggestions regarding this book for its further improvement. Nisha Garg [email protected] Amit Garg [email protected]

Acknowledgments

First and foremost, we bow in gratitude to Almighty God. With His blessing, it is possible to complete our project. We personally express our thanks to all our teachers, friends and colleagues who helped us directly and indirectly to complete this project. We acknowledge our sincere thanks to Shri JP Vij, Chairman and Managing Director and Mr. Tarun Duneja, General Manager (Publishing) of M/s Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd., New Delhi and their devoted staff for their acceptance and endeavour to bring out this text in book form.

Contents

Section One: Endodontics 1. Introduction to Endodontics ..................................................................................................................... 3 2. Pulp and Periapex ....................................................................................................................................... 4 3. Pathologies of Dental Pulp ..................................................................................................................... 12 4. Pathologies of Periradicular Tissues ..................................................................................................... 19 5. Endodontic Microbiology ....................................................................................................................... 24 6. Diagnostic Methods ................................................................................................................................. 26 7. Case Selection and Treatment Planning .............................................................................................. 32 8. Basic Endodontic Instruments ............................................................................................................... 37 9. Principles of Access Cavity Preparation .............................................................................................. 46 10. Working Length Determination ............................................................................................................ 49 11. Root Canal Irrigants ................................................................................................................................. 53 12. Root Canal Medicaments ........................................................................................................................ 56 13. Cleaning and Shaping of Root Canals .................................................................................................. 58 14. Obturation of Root Canal ........................................................................................................................ 63 15. Mid Treatment Flare-Ups ........................................................................................................................ 72 16. Endodontic Emergencies ......................................................................................................................... 74 17. Endodontic Mishaps ................................................................................................................................ 76 18. Endodontic Failures and Retreatment .................................................................................................. 80 19. Single Visit Endodontics ......................................................................................................................... 83 20. Restoration of Endodontically Treated Teeth ..................................................................................... 85 21. Surgical Endodontics ............................................................................................................................... 90 22. Endodontic Periodontic Interrelationship ........................................................................................... 96 23. Management of Dental Traumatic Injuries ....................................................................................... 100 24. Bleaching of Discolored Teeth ............................................................................................................. 107 25. Dentin Hypersensitivity ........................................................................................................................ 110 26. Pediatric Endodontics ............................................................................................................................ 112

xii Review of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry

Section Two: Operative Dentistry 27. Introduction to Operative Dentistry ................................................................................................... 119 28. Basic Concepts ......................................................................................................................................... 120 29. Dental Caries ........................................................................................................................................... 124 30. Dental Materials ..................................................................................................................................... 132 31. Fundamentals of Tooth Preparation ................................................................................................... 144 32. Basic Instruments of Operative Dentistry ......................................................................................... 153 33. The Operating Field ............................................................................................................................... 164 34. Matrices, Retainers and Tooth Separation ......................................................................................... 170 35. The Amalgam Restorations ................................................................................................................... 175 36. Pin Retained Restorations ..................................................................................................................... 180 37. Concepts of Bonding .............................................................................................................................. 183 38. Tooth-Colored Restorations.................................................................................................................. 186 39. Direct Filling Gold ................................................................................................................................. 198 40. Cast Metal Restorations ......................................................................................................................... 204 41. Restoration of Badly Decayed Posterior Teeth ................................................................................. 212 42. Management of Cervical and Noncarious Lesions .......................................................................... 215 43. Pulpal Response to Caries and Operative Procedures .................................................................... 219 44. Interim Restorations ............................................................................................................................... 221 45. Finishing and Polishing ........................................................................................................................ 223 46. Microleakage ........................................................................................................................................... 225 47. Lasers in Dentistry .................................................................................................................................. 227 48. Antibiotic Prophylaxis ........................................................................................................................... 228 Index ........................................................................................................................................................... 229

Suggested Reading Section One: Endodontics • • • • • • •

Textbook of Endodontics by Nisha Garg and Amit Garg. Endodontics by L I Grossman Endodontic Therapy by FS Weine Pathways of Pulp by Stephen Cohen Principles and Practice of Endodontics by Walton and Torbinejad Endodontics by Stock and Gulabiwala Surgical Endodontics by Guttmann.

Section Two: Operative Dentistry • • • •

Sturdvent”s Art and Science of Operative Dentistry. Principles and Practice of Operative Dentistry by Charbeneau Craig”s Restorative Dental Materials Textbook of Operative Dentistry by Vimal K Sikri