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MaNeability Lab | HumanYComputer Interaction Lab. Department of Computer ... attempting to answer multiple research questions including: How might ...
UBICOMP/ISWC ’17 ADJUNCT, SEPTEMBER 11-15, 2017, MAUI, HAWAII, USA

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Figure 1: (a) Professional energy auditor inspects an attic storage space [15], (b) UAV collected thermographic data [11], (c) Ground-based robot for indoor and outdoor thermographic data collection [4], (d) Thermographic data collection using cars [12], (e) Novice auditor retrospectively analyzes thermal imagery [16].

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Figure 2: (a) User investigates an area of their home and takes a picture, which is automatically analyzed; results are shown by tapping on the detected problems. (b) A temporal thermographic sensor kit collects data over several days and displays the data through an interactive information visualization web application.

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