Wave Propagation in Networks: Introduction to RF/Microwave Concepts and .... N. Maluf âIntroduction to Micro Mechanical Systems Engineering, Artech ...
Course Code
Subject Code
10LDE1 1 10LDE1 2 10LDE1 3
10EC00 3 10ECxx x 10ECxx x
10LDE1 4
SCHEME OF TEACHING AND EXAMINATION M.TECH. - DIGITAL ELECTRONICS III SEMESTER No. of Durati Hrs./Week Practic on of Subject Lectu al / Exam in re Field Hours Work Advanced Computer 4 2 3 Architecture
Marks for I. Exa A. m
Total Mar ks
50
100
150
Elective-III
4
2
3
50
100
150
Elective-IV
4
2
3
50
100
150
Project Phase-II
*
Evaluation of Project Phase – –I
3
–
50
–
50
09
09
20 0
300
500
Total
12
ELECTIVE – III 10LDE3 10EC0 Image and Video 11 43 Processing 10LDE3 10EC1 Real Time Embedded 12 26 Systems 10LDE3 10EC0 RF & Microwave Circuit 13 71 Design * 3 Days Course work and 3 days for Project work
ELECTIVE – IV 10LDE3 10EC0 21 12 10LDE3 10EC0 22 24 10LDE3 10EC0 23 52
ASIC Design Design & Modeling of MEMS and Microsystems Multimedia Communication
III – SEMESTER ADVANCED COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE Subject Code No. of Hours/Week Total No. of Hours
: 08EC003
IA Marks
Lecture : 04
Exam Hrs
Lecture : 52
Exam Marks
: 50 : 03 :10 0
Parallel Computer Models: The state of computing, Classification of parallel computers, Multiprocessors and multicomputers, Multivector and SIMD computers. Program and Network Properties: Conditions of parallelism, Data and resource Dependences, Hardware and software parallelism, Program partitioning and scheduling, Grain Size and latency, Program flow mechanisms, Control flow versus data flow, Data flow Architecture, Demand driven mechanisms, Comparisons of flow mechanisms Principles of Scalable Performance: Performance Metrics and Mesaures, Parallel Processing Applications, Speedup Performance Laws, Scalability Analysis and Approches.
Advanced processors: Advanced processor technology, Instruction-set Architectures, CISC Scalar Processors, RISC Scalar Processors, Superscalar Processors, VLIW Architectures, Vector and Symbolic processors Pipelining: Linear pipeline processor, nonlinear pipeline processor, Instruction pipeline Design, Mechanisms for instruction pipelining, Dynamic instruction scheduling, Branch Handling techniques, branch prediction, Arithmetic Pipeline Design, Computer arithmetic principles, Static Arithmetic pipeline, Multifunctional arithmetic pipelines Memory Hierarchy Design: Cache basics & cache performance, reducing miss rate and miss penalty, multilevel cache hierarchies, main memory organizations, design of memory hierarchies. Multiprocessor Architectures: Symmetric shared memory architectures, distributed shared memory architectures, models of memory consistency, cache coherence protocols (MSI, MESI, MOESI), scalable cache coherence, overview of directory based approaches, design challenges of directory protocols, memory based directory protocols, cache based directory protocols, protocol design tradeoffs, synchronization, Multithread and Dataflow Architecture: Principles of Multithreading, Scalable and Multithreaded Architecture, Dataflow Architecture REFERENCE BOOKS: Kai Hwang, ―Advanced Computer Architecture‖; TMH. Kai Hwang and Zu, ―Scalable Parallel Computers Architecture‖; MGH. M.J Flynn, ―Computer Architecture, Pipelined and Parallel Processor Design‖; Narosa Publishing. D.A.Patterson, J.L.Hennessy, ―Computer Architecture : A Quantitative Approach‖, Morgan Kauffmann feb, 2002. ELECTIVE – III IMAGE AND VIDEO PROCESSING Subject Code No. of Hours/Week Total No. of Hours
: 08EC043
IA Marks
Lecture : 04
Exam Hrs
Lecture : 52
Exam Marks
: 50 : 03 : 100
Introduction: 2D systems, Mathematical preliminaries – Fourier Transform, Z Transform, Optical & Modulation transfer function, Matrix theory, Random signals, Discrete Random fields, Spectral density function. Image Perception: Light, Luminance, Brightness, Contrast, MTF of the visual system, Visibility function, Monochrome vision models, Fidelity criteria, Color representation, Chromaticity diagram, Color coordinate systems, Color difference measures, Color vision model, Temporal properties of vision. Image Sampling and Quantization: Introduction, 2D sampling theory, Limitations in sampling & reconstruction, Quantization, Optimal quantizer, Compander, Visual quantization. Image Transforms: Introduction, 2D orthogonal & unitary transforms, Properties of unitary transforms, DFT, DCT, DST, Hadamard, Haar, Slant, KLT, SVD transform.
Image Representation by Stochastic Models: Introduction, one-dimensional Causal models, AR models, Non-causal representations, linear prediction in two dimensions. Image Enhancement: Point operations, Histogram modeling, spatial operations, Transform operations, Multi-spectral image enhancement, false color and Pseudo-color, Color Image enhancement. Image Filtering & Restoration: Image observation models, Inverse & Wiener filtering, Fourier Domain filters, Smoothing splines and interpolation, Least squares filters, generalized inverse, SVD and Iterative methods, Maximum entropy restoration, Bayesian methods, Coordinate transformation & geometric correction, Blind de-convolution. Image Analysis & Computer Vision: Spatial feature extraction, Transform features, Edge detection, Boundary Extraction, Boundary representation, Region representation, Moment representation, Structure, Shape features, Texture, Scene matching & detection, Image segmentation, Classification Techniques. Image Reconstruction from Projections: Introduction, Radon Transform, Back projection operator, Projection theorem, Inverse Radon transform, Fourier reconstruction, Fan beam reconstruction, 3D tomography. Image Data Compression: Introduction, Pixel coding, Predictive techniques, Transform coding, Inter-frame coding, coding of two tone images, Image compression standards. Video Processing: Fundamental Concepts in Video – Types of video signals, Analog video, Digital video, Color models in video, Video Compression Techniques – Motion compensation, Search for motion vectors, H.261, H.263, MPEG I, MPEG 2, MPEG 4, MPEG 7 and beyond, Content based video indexing. REFERENCE BOOKS: K. Jain, ―Fundamentals of Digital Image Processing," Pearson Education (Asia) Pte. Ltd./Prentice Hall of India, 2004. Z. Li and M.S. Drew, ―Fundamentals of Multimedia,‖ Pearson Education (Asia) Pte. Ltd., 2004. R. C. Gonzalez and R. E. Woods, ―Digital Image Processing,‖ 2nd edition, Pearson Education (Asia) Pte. Ltd/Prentice Hall of India, 2004. M. Tekalp, ―Digital Video Processing,‖ Prentice Hall, USA, 1995. REAL TIME EMBEDDED SYSTEMS Subject Code No. of Hours/Week Total No. of Hours
: 08EC126
IA Marks
Lecture : 04
Exam Hrs
Lecture : 52
Exam Marks
: 50 : 03 : 100
Introduction: Real Time System, Types, Real Time Computing, Design Issue, Sample Systems, Hardware Requirements- Processor in a system, System Memories, System I/O, Other Hardware Devices (A/D, D/A, USART, Watchdog Timers, Interrupt Controllers). Device Drivers, Interrupt Servicing Mechanism & Interrupt Latency. Embedded Systems: Introduction, Various System Architecture for Embedded System, High Performance Processors - Strong ARM processors, Programming, Interrupt Structure, I/O architecture. Real Time Operating System: Fundamental Requirements of RTOS, Real Time Kernel Types, Schedulers, Various Scheduling modules with examples, Latency (Interrupt Latency, Scheduling
Latency and Context Switching Latency), Tasks, State Transition Diagram, Task Control Block. Intertask communication and synchronization of tasks. Memory and File Management: Pipelining and Cache Memories, Paging and Segmentation, Fragmentation, Address Translation. Case Study: Introduction to VX Works/Mucos/pSOS; Example systems. Development and Verification of Real Time Software: Building Real Time applications; Considerations such as double buffing. REFERENCE BOOKS: Stuart Bennett, ―Real-Time Computer Control: An Introduction‖, 2nd Edn. Pearson Education, 2005 Philip. A. Laplante, ―Real-Time Systems Design and Analysis- an Engineer’s Handbook‖- Second Edition, PHI Publications. Jane W.S. Liu, ―Real-Time Systems‖, Pearson Education Inc., 2000. Dr. K.V.K K Prasad, ―Embedded Real Time Systems: Concepts Design and Programming‖, Dreamtech Press New Delhi, 2003. David A. Evesham, ―Developing real time systems – A Practical introduction‖, Galgotia Publications, 1990. RF AND MICROWAVE CIRCUIT DESIGN Subject Code No. of Hours/Week Total No. of Hours
: 08EC071
IA Marks
Lecture : 04
Exam Hrs
Lecture : 70
Exam Marks
: 50 : 03 : 100
Wave Propagation in Networks: Introduction to RF/Microwave Concepts and applications; RF Electronics Concepts; Fundamental Concepts in Wave Propagation; Circuit Representations of two port RF/MW networks Passive Circuit Design: The Smith Chart, Application of the Smith Chart in Distributed and lumped element circuit applications, Design of Matching networks. Basic Considerations in Active Networks: Stability Consideration in Active networks, Gain Considerations in Amplifiers, Noise Considerations in Active Networks. Active Networks: Linear and Nonlinear Design: RF/MW Amplifiers Small Signal Design, Large Signal Design, RF/MW Oscillator Design, RF/MW Frequency Conversion Rectifier and Detector Design, Mixer Design, RF/MW Control Circuit Design, RF/MW Integrated circuit design. REFERENCE BOOKS: Matthew M. Radmanesh, ―Radio Frequency and Microwave Electronics Illustrated‖, Pearson Education (Asia) Pte. Ltd., 2004. Reinhold Ludwig and Pavel Bretchko, ―RF Circuit Design: Theory and Applications”, Pearson Education (Asia) Pte. Ltd., 2004. ELECTIVE IV ASIC DESIGN Subject Code
: 10EC012
No. of Lecture Hours : 04
IA Marks Exam
: 50 :
/week Total no. of Lecture : 52 Hours
Hours Exam Marks
03 : 100
Note : All Designs Will Be Based On VHDL Introduction: Full Custom with ASIC, Semi custom ASICS, Standard Cell based ASIC, Gate array based ASIC, Channeled gate array, Channel less gate array, structured get array, Programmable logic device, FPGA design flow, ASIC cell libraries Data Logic Cells: Data Path Elements, Adders, Multiplier, Arithmetic Operator, I/O cell, Cell Compilers ASIC Library Design: Logical effort: practicing delay, logical area and logical efficiency logical paths, multi stage cells, optimum delay, optimum no. of stages, library cell design. Low-level Design Entry: Schematic Entry: Hierarchical design. The cell library, Names, Schematic, Icons & Symbols, Nets, schematic entry for ASIC’S, connections, vectored instances and buses, Edit in place attributes, Netlist, screener, Back annotation Programmable ASIC: programmable ASIC logic cell, ASIC I/O cell A Brief Introduction to Low Level Design Language: an introduction to EDIF, PLA Tools, an introduction to CFI designs representation. Half gate ASIC. Introduction to Synthesis and Simulation; ASIC Construction Floor Planning and Placement and Routing: Physical Design, CAD Tools, System Partitioning, Estimating ASIC size, partitioning methods. Floor planning tools, I/O and power planning, clock planning, placement algorithms, iterative placement improvement, Time driven placement methods. Physical Design flow global Routing, Local Routing, Detail Routing, Special Routing, Circuit Extraction and DRC. REFERENCE BOOKS: M.J.S .Smith, - ―Application - Specific Integrated Circuits‖ – Pearson Education, 2003 Jose E.France, Yannis Tsividis, ―Design of Analog-Digital VLSI Circuits for Telecommunication and Signal Processing‖, Prentice Hall, 1994. Malcolm R.Haskard; Lan. C. May, ―Analog VLSI Design - NMOS and CMOS‖ Prentice Hall, 1998. Mohammed Ismail and Terri Fiez, ―Analog VLSI Signal and Information Processing”, McGraw Hill, 1994.
DESIGN AND MODELING OF MEMS & MICROSYSTEMS Subject Code No. of Hours/Week Total No. of Hours
: 08EC024
IA Marks
Lecture : 04
Exam Hrs
Lecture : 52
Exam Marks
: 50 : 03 : 100
Overview of MEMS & Microsystems: MEMS & Microsystems, Typical MEMS and Micro system products — features of MEMS, The multidisciplinary nature of Microsystems design and manufacture, Applications of Microsystems in automotive industry, health care industry, aerospace industry, industrial products, consumer products and telecommunications
Scaling Laws in Miniaturization: Introduction to scaling, scaling in geometry, scaling in rigid body dynamics, scaling electrostatic forces, electromagnetic forces, electricity, scaling in fluid mechanics & heat transfer. Transduction Principles in MEMS & Microsystems: Introduction, Micro sensors — thermal, radiation, mechanical, magnetic and bio — sensors, Micro actuation, MEMS with micro actuators. Microsystems Fabrication Process: Introduction, Photolithography, Ion-implantation, diffusion, oxidation, CVD, PVD, etching and materials used for MEMS, Some MEMS fabrication processes: surface micro-machining, bulk micromachining, LIGA process, LASER micro machining, MUMPS, FAB-less fabrication Micro System Design and Modeling: Introduction, Design considerations: Process design, Mechanical design, Modeling using CAD tools: ANSYS / Multiphysics or Intellisuite or MEMS CAD, Features and Design considerations of RF MEMS, Design considerations of Optical MEMS (MOEMS), Design and Modeling: case studies - i) Cantilever beam ii) Micro switches iii) MEMS based SMART antenna in mobile applications for maximum reception of signal in changing communication conditions and iv) MEMS based micro mirror array for control and switching in optical communications Micro system packaging: Over view of mechanical packaging of micro electronics micro system packaging, Interfaces in micro system packaging, Packaging technologies. Assignments /Tutorials (Using ANSYS / Multiphysics or Intellisuite or MEMS CAD) 1. Learning FEM. 2. Modeling micro cantilever beam. 3. Modeling micro switches with electrostatic, magnetic actuation methods. 4. Modeling micro antenna with its radiation pattern. 5. Modeling tilting of micro mirror with electrostatic, magnetic actuation. REFERENCE BOOKS: Tai — Ran Hsu, ―MEMS and Micro Systems : Design and Manufacture‖, Tata McGraw Hill, 2002. Boca Raton, ―MEMS and NEMS: Systems, Devices and Structures‖, CRC Press, 2002. J. W. Gardner and V. K. Vardan, ―Micro Sensors MEMS and SMART Devices‖, John Wiley, 2002. N. Maluf ―Introduction to Micro Mechanical Systems Engineering, Artech House‖, Norwood, MA, 2000. MULTIMEDIA COMMUNICATION Subject Code No. of Hours/Week Total No. of Hours
: 08EC052
IA Marks
Lecture : 04
Exam Hrs
Lecture : 52
Exam Marks
: 50 : 03 : 100
Multimedia Communications: multimedia information representation, multimedia networks, multimedia applications, network QoS and application QoS. Information Representation: text, images, audio and video, Text and image compression, compression principles, text compression, image compression. Audio and video compression, audio compression, video compression, video compression principles, video compression standards: H.261, H.263, P1.323, MPEG 1, MPEG 2, Other coding formats for text, speech, image and video.
Detailed Study of MPEG 4: coding of audiovisual objects, MPEG 4 systems, MPEG 4 audio and video, profiles and levels. MPEG 7 standardization process of multimedia content description, MPEG 21 multimedia framework, Significant features of JPEG 2000, MPEG 4 transport across the Internet. Synchronization: notion of synchronization, presentation requirements, reference model for synchronization, Introduction to SMIL, Multimedia operating systems, Resource management, process management techniques. Multimedia Communication Across Networks: Layered video coding, error resilient video coding techniques, multimedia transport across IP networks and relevant protocols such as RSVP, RTP, RTCP, DVMRP, multimedia in mobile networks, multimedia in broadcast networks. Assignments / Practicals can be given on writing the programs to encode and decode the various kinds of data by using the algorithms. Students can collect several papers from journals/conferences/Internet on a specific area of multimedia communications and write a review paper and make a presentation. REFERENCE BOOKS: Fred Halsall, ―Multimedia Communications‖, Pearson education, 2001 K. R. Rao, Zoran S. Bojkovic, Dragorad A. Milovanovic, ―Multimedia Communication Systems‖, Pearson education, 2004 Raif steinmetz, Klara Nahrstedt, ―Multimedia: Computing, Communications and applications‖, Pearson education, 2002 Tay Vaughan, ―Multimedia: Making it work‖, 6th edition, Tata McGraw Hill, 2004 John Billamil, Louis Molina, ―Multimedia : An Introduction‖, PHI, 2002 Pallapa Venkataram, ―Multimedia Information Systems”, Pearson education (In Press), 2005.
