Science, Engineering and Technology

International Eurasian Conference on

Science, Engineering and Technology (EurasianSciEnTech 2018) 22-23 November 2018 Ankara / Turkey

EurasianSciEnTech 2018 w w w. e u r a s a n s c e n t e c h . o r g

International Eurasian Conference on

Science, Engineering and Technology (EurasianSciEnTech 2018) November 22-23, 2018 / Ankara, Turkey www.EurasianSciEnTech.org

PROCEEDING BOOK

International Eurasian Conference on Science, Engineering and Technology (EurasianSciEnTech 2018), November 22-23, 2018 Ankara, Turkey www.EurasianSciEnTech.org

Chairman of Conference Assoc. Prof. Dr. Muhittin DOĞAN

Gaziantep University, Turkey

General Coordinator Assist. Prof. Dr. Mustafa PEHLİVAN


Organizing Committee Prof. Dr. Ahmet AKSOY

Akdeniz University, Turkey

Prof. Dr. Mehmet Rüştü KARAMAN

Ankara University, Turkey

Prof. Dr. Osman GÜLNAZ

Cukurova University, Turkey

Prof. Dr. Zeliha SELAMOĞLU

Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Turkey

International Scientific Committee* Prof. Dr. Adnan QADIR

NED University of Engineering & Technology, Pakistan

Prof. Dr. Ahmet ŞEKEROĞLU

Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Turkey

Prof. Dr. Alpaslan DAYANGAÇ

Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, Turkey

Prof. Dr. Ayşe AYDOĞDU

Gazi University, Turkey

Prof. Dr. Azhar RASUL

Government College University, Pakistan

Prof. Dr. Azize AYOL

Dokuz Eylül University, Turkey

Prof. Dr. Bengi USLU


Prof. Dr. Berna DENGİZ

Baskent University, Turkey

Prof. Dr. Bushra MIRZA

Quaid-i-Azam University, Pakistan

Prof. Dr. Bülent AKAY


Prof. Dr. Bülent YEŞİLATA

Harran University, Turkey

Prof. Dr. Cihangir DURAN

Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Turkey

Prof. Dr. Deniz UZUNSOY

Bursa Technical University, Turkey

Prof. Dr. Dilek ERDİRENÇELEBİ

Konya Technical University, Turkey

Prof. Dr. Ebru ŞENADIM TÜZEMEN

Cumhuriyet University, Turkey

Prof. Dr. Ebru ŞENEL


Prof. Dr. Fakhru'l Razi bin AHMADUN

National Defence University Malaysia, Malaysia

Prof. Dr. Faruk KARADAĞ

Çukurova University, Turkey

Prof. Dr. Fatma Suna BALCI


Prof. Dr. Ferruh ERDOĞDU


Prof. Dr. Gıyasettin KAŞIK

Selçuk University, Turkey

Prof. Dr. Gul Majid KHAN


Prof. Dr. Hüseyin CANBOLAT


Prof. Dr. Kerim KÜÇÜK

Dokuz Eylül University, Turkey

Prof. Dr. Mehmet SARI

Aksaray University, Turkey

Prof. Dr. Meltem SARIOĞLU CEBECİ

Cumhuriyet University, Turkey

Prof. Dr. Muhammad ANSAR


Prof. Dr. Mustafa ÇİĞDEM

Yıldız Technical University, Turkey

Prof. Dr. Neriman BAĞDATLIOĞLU

Celal Bayar University, Turkey

Prof. Dr. Nil TOPLAN

Sakarya University, Turkey

Prof. Dr. Nuri ÖZALP


Prof. Dr. Osman GÜLNAZ


Prof. Dr. Oya BOZDAĞ DÜNDAR


Prof. Dr. Ozan TEKİNALP

Middle East Technical University, Turkey

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Prof. Dr. Sarwat JAHAN


Prof. Dr. Sibel YILDIZ

Karadeniz Technical University, Turkey

Prof. Dr. Siti Khairunniza bt. BEJO

Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia

Prof. Dr. Şule UĞUR


Assoc. Prof. Dr. Abd. Rahim Abu TALIB


Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ahmet EKİCİBİL


Assoc. Prof. Dr. Aslıhan DEMİRDÖVEN

Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Turkey

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Aycan TOSUNOĞLU

Uludağ University, Turkey

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ayla UYSAL

Süleyman Demirel University, Turkey

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ayşe AVCI


Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ayşe BEDELOĞLU

Bursa Technical University, Turkey

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Bülent KABAK

Hitit University, Turkey

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Dian Darina Indah Binti DARUIS


Assoc. Prof. Dr. Didem ÖZÇİMEN

Yıldız Technical University, Turkey

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Fatma MEYDANERİ TEZEL

Karabuk University, Turkey

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mahmoud HAFEZİEH

Iranian Fisheries Sciences Research Institute, Iran

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mohammad SUDAGAR

Gorgan University, Iran

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Muhammad Mohsin AMMAN

NED University of Engineering & Technology, Pakistan

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Nemanja KAŠIKOVIĆ

University of Novi Sad, Serbia

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Niyazi ŞAHİN


Assoc. Prof. Dr. Rani Faryal Faheem TAHIR


Assoc. Prof. Dr. Roselina ARELHI

University of Nottingham, Malaysia

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Sadaf ZAIDI

Aligarh Muslim University, India

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Selma DÜZYOL


Assoc. Prof. Dr. Sezgin AYDIN


Assoc. Prof. Dr. Tayfun DEDE

Karadeniz Technical University, Turkey

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Tevfik AĞAÇAYAK


Assist. Prof. Dr. Ali Osman AYAŞ

Adıyaman University, Turkey

Assist. Prof. Dr. Bilge İMER

Middle East Technical University, Turkey

Assist. Prof. Dr. Ebru SARALOĞLU GÜLER

Başkent University, Turkey

Assist. Prof. Dr. Halil İbrahim DEMİR


Assist. Prof. Dr. İbrahim ÇINAR

Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Turkey

Assist. Prof. Dr. Mustafa AKYOL

Adana Science and Technology University, Turkey

Assist. Prof. Dr. Özge TUFAN ÇETİN


Assist. Prof. Dr. Poonam AGARWAL

Jawaharlal Nehru University, India

Assist. Prof. Dr. Shahram DADGAR

Iranian Fisheries Sciences Research Institute, Iran

Dr. Aainaa Izyan NAFSUN


Dr. Lim Kar SING

Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Malaysia

Dr. Tugay AYAŞAN

East Mediterranean Agricultural Research Institute, Turkey

*This list is arranged in alphabetical order. Conference Secretariats Assist. Prof. Dr. Demet DOĞAN


Dr. Mustafa SEVİNDİK


Dr. Celal BAL


Serap ŞAHİN YİĞİT


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CONTENTS Page 1. INVAITED SPEAKERS

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2. FULL-TEXT PAPERS

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2.1. ORAL PRESENTATIONS 2.2. POSTER PRESENTATIONS

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Pharmacological properties of Fomes fomentarius Celal Bal1*, Hasan Akgül2 *1

2

Gaziantep University, Oguzeli Vocational School, Gaziantep, Turkey. Akdeniz University, Science Faculty, Biology Department, Antalya, Turkey. *Corresponding author e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract Mushrooms that have existed for centuries have spread all over the world. While mushrooms differ as poisonous and non-poisonous, it is possible to classify them as edible and non-edible mushrooms. Recently, many researches have been conducted on benefits and importance of many species of mushrooms. In this study, Fomes fomentarius mushroom, which is a medicinal mushroom was studied. Fomes mushrooms have been used for centuries for medicinal purposes. Medicinal mushrooms are widely used as food and herb medicine in China, Japan and other Asian countries. Medicinal mushrooms are a source of polysaccharide with anti-inflammatory and immune system stimulant properties and have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic effect. In this study, the use of F. fomentarius mushroom as a natural source in pharmacological studies was evaluated. Keywords: Medicinal Mushroom, Fomes fomentarius, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Natural source. 1. INTRODUCTION Mushrooms, which are seen all over the world, are distributed in certain regions and some species are spread over geographically wide areas. Fungi usually spread in forest areas. In addition to this, it is possible to come across in open areas such as marshes, Park-Gardens, sawdust, garbage and pastures (Akgül et al., 2017; Sevindik 2018).

Edible mushrooms are our important food source. With its easily digestible and nutritious feature, it is widely used in today's tables. Because of their taste and flavour, the edible mushrooms are consumed as meals in addition to their consumption. Mushrooms are a rich source of protein, lipids, amino acids, glycogen, vitamins and minerals (Okhuoya et al., 2010; Rathore et al. 2017).

Nature has been our medical agent for centuries. In recent years, the problem of antibiotic resistance, bacterial and fungal pathogens against antimicrobial agents by developing numerous defense mechanisms; the new and more powerful of these agents was presented as an alternative to antibiotic therapy (Heleno vd., 2013). The interest in natural compounds has been a common point for most biotechnology companies to be used in the production of new antimicrobial drugs (Butler, 2004; Lam, 2007).

A lot of research has been done on medically edible fungi. In addition, non-edible mushrooms have been found to be of medical importance in recent years. Today, it is important to investigate alternative drugs and natural therapeutics for cancer treatment. In recent years, the active compounds of Fomes fungus have been studied extensively and most of their biological activities have been studied. Fomes species, which often cause decay and destruction of wood, often cause white decay on trees.

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In this study, the studies used as material of F. fomentarius, which has a medical effect, has been mentioned. 2. MACROSCOPIC AND MICROSCOPIC PROPERTIES Regnum: Fungi Divisio: Basidiomycota Classis: Agaricomycetes Ordo: Polyporales Familia: Polyporaceae Genus: Fomes Species: Fomes fomentarius (L.) Fr. Basidiocarps: 5-45 cm in diameter, 2-25 cm in height and is shaped like a horse nail (figure 1). Each year, there are different gray colored concentric zones with different thicknesses stacked on top of each other, gray-gray brown. When it is young, there is a white circular ring on the edge. The outer part is hard and woody. Trama: Hard, cinnamon brown, mature when poured in the form of lighter powder. The smell of fruit while fresh. Hymenium: Porous, round, 2-3 cm in mm, tubes 2-5 (8) mm long and gray brown. Spores: 5.5-6 × 18.5-19 µ, elliptic-cylindrical, flat, hyaline.

Ecology: In hardwood wood bodies (especially birch and beech), it causes white rotting, living alone or with more than one species. It has a thick rigid body. Life style is parasitic and saprotrophic.

Figure 1: Fomes fomentarius (L.) Fr 3. MEDICINAL PROPERTIES In studies on F. fomentarius, different methods are practiced, different dissolvent of mushrooms are used and various pharmacologic effects are determined. In the related studies on species, it is found that F. fomentarius have significant effects such as antioxidant enzyme activity, enzymatic activity, antimicrobial activity, antifungal ORAL PRESENTATION

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activity, Anti-inflammatory effect, antioxidant activity, cytotoxicity, Antitumor, Antiviral activity, Antibacterial activity, DNA protective activity, Antioxidant and Oxidant activities (Table 1). Table 1: Pharmacological effects of F. fomentarius. References Lee, 2005 Water Sánchez-Santillán et al., Enzymatic activity Agar-malt extract 2015 Dresch et al., 2015; Bösiger et al., 2017; Antimicrobial activity Dundar et al., 2016; Ethanol, aqueous, methanol, polysaccharide Wasko et al., 2014 Dresch et al., 2015; Antifungal activity Ethanol Vazirian et al., 2014 Anti-inflammatory effect Aqueous Vazirian et al., 2014; Mircea et al., 2018; Antioxidant activity Mircea et al., 2015; Dundar et al., 2016; Bal Aqueous, Methanol, Ethanol et al., 2017 Kim et al., 2015; Water, hexane, dichloromethane, methanol, Kolundžić et al., 2016; Cytotoxicity aqueous, Ethanol Dundar et al., 2016; Bal et al., 2017 Chen et al., 2008 Antitumor Polysaccharide Aoki et al., 1993, Antiviral activity Polysaccharide Kolundžić et al., 2016; Antibacterial activity Hexane, dichloromethane, methanol, aqueous Bal et al., 2017 DNA protective activity Ethanol Antioxidant and Oxidant Bal et al., 2017 activities Ethanol Activity Antioxidant enzyme activity

Extracts

4. CONCLUSION In this study, the biological activities of Fomes fomentarius which are not edible but have medicinal properties were investigated. As a result of the researches, it was determined that the fungus has medical potential and it can be used as a natural resource for pharmacological researches. REFERENCES Akgul, H., Sevindik, M., Coban, C., Alli, H., & Selamoglu, Z. (2017). New approaches in traditional and complementary alternative medicine practices: Auricularia auricula and Trametes versicolor. J Tradit Med Clin Natur, 6(239), 2. Aoki, M., Tan, M., Fukushima, A., Hieda, T., Kubo, S., Takabayashi, M., ... & Mikami, Y. (1993). Antiviral substances with systemic effects produced by Basidiomycetes such as Fomes fomentarius. Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry, 57(2), 278-282. Bal, C., Akgul, H., Sevindik, M., Akata, I., & Yumrutas, O. (2017). Determination of the anti-oxidative activities of six mushrooms. Fresenius Envir Bull, 26(10), 6246-6252. Bösiger, P., Fortunato, G., Schwarze WMR, F. (2017). Antibacterial Activity of Aqueous Fungal Extracts Derived From Basidiomycetes. Mod Appl Bioequiv Availab. 2 (5), 1-3.

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Butler, M. S. (2004). The role of natural product chemistry in drug discovery. Journal of natural products, 67(12), 2141-2153. Chen, W., Zhao, Z., Chen, S. F., & Li, Y. Q. (2008). Optimization for the production of exopolysaccharide from Fomes fomentarius in submerged culture and its antitumor effect in vitro. Bioresource technology, 99(8), 31873194. Dresch, P., Rosam, K., Grienke, U., Rollinger, J. M., & Peintner, U. (2015). Fungal strain matters: colony growth and bioactivity of the European medicinal polypores Fomes fomentarius, Fomitopsis pinicola and Piptoporus betulinus. AMB Express, 5(1), 4. Dundar, A., Okumus, V., Ozdemir, S., Celik, K. S., Boğa, M., & Ozcagli, E. (2016). Determination of cytotoxic, anticholinesterase, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of some wild mushroom species. Cogent Food & Agriculture, 2(1), 1178060. Heleno, B., Thomsen, M. F., Rodrigues, D. S., Jørgensen, K. J., & Brodersen, J. (2013). Quantification of harms in cancer screening trials: literature review. Bmj, 347, f5334. Kim, S. H., Jakhar, R., & Kang, S. C. (2015). Apoptotic properties of polysaccharide isolated from fruiting bodies of medicinal mushroom Fomes fomentarius in human lung carcinoma cell line. Saudi journal of biological sciences, 22(4), 484-490. Kolundžić, M., Grozdanić, N. Đ., Dodevska, M., Milenković, M., Sisto, F., Miani, A., ... & Kundaković, T. (2016). Antibacterial and cytotoxic activities of wild mushroom Fomes fomentarius (L.) Fr., Polyporaceae. Industrial Crops and Products, 79, 110-115. Lam, K. S. (2007). New aspects of natural products in drug discovery. Trends in microbiology, 15(6), 279-289. Lee, J. S. (2005). Effects of Fomes fomentarius supplementation on antioxidant enzyme activities, blood glucose, and lipid profile in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Nutrition research, 25(2), 187-195. Mircea, C., Cioanca, O., Bild, V., Iancu, C., Stan, C. Ă. T. Ă. L. I. N. A., & Hancianu, M. (2018). IN VIVO ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES OF SOME MUSHROOM EXTRACTS IN EXPERIMENTALLY INDUCED DIABETES. FARMACIA, 66(2), 257-261. Mircea, C., Cioanca, O., Iancu, C., Tataringa, G., & Hancianu, M. (2015). In vitro antioxidant activity of some extracts obtained from Agaricus bisporus brown, Pleurotus ostreatus and fomes fomentarius. Farmacia, 63(6), 927-933. Okhuoya, J., Akpaja, E., Osemwegie, O., Oghenekaro, A., & Ihayere, C. (2010). Nigerian mushrooms: underutilized non-wood forest resources. Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management, 14(1). Rathore, H., Prasad, S., & Sharma, S. (2017). Mushroom nutraceuticals for improved nutrition and better human health: a review. PharmaNutrition, 5(2), 35-46. Sánchez-Santillán, P., Meneses-Mayo, M., Miranda-Romero, L., Santellano-Estrada, E., & Alarcón-Zúñiga, B. (2015). Fribrinolytic activity and gas production by Pleurotus ostreatus-IE8 and Fomes fomentarius-EUM1 in bagasse cane. Revista MVZ Córdoba, 20, 4907-4916. Sevindik, M. (2018). Investigation of Antioxidant/Oxidant Status and Antimicrobial Activities of Lentinus tigrinus. Advances in Pharmacological Sciences, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/1718025 Vazirian, M., Dianat, S., Manayi, A., Ziari, R., Mousazadeh, A., Habibi, E., ... & Amanzadeh, Y. (2014). Antiinflammatory effect, total polysaccharide, total phenolics content and antioxidant activity of the aqueous extract of three basidiomycetes. Research Journal of Pharmacognosy, 1(1), 15-21. Wasko, S.J., Brenner, M.V., Cartier, S.F. (2014). Crystalline Metabolites of the Tinder Polypore (Fomes fomentarius). Journal of the North Carolina Academy of Science, 130(1), 16-22.

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